JPWO2017022345A1 - 放射性廃棄物処分場用セメント系材料 - Google Patents
放射性廃棄物処分場用セメント系材料 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2017022345A1 JPWO2017022345A1 JP2017532419A JP2017532419A JPWO2017022345A1 JP WO2017022345 A1 JPWO2017022345 A1 JP WO2017022345A1 JP 2017532419 A JP2017532419 A JP 2017532419A JP 2017532419 A JP2017532419 A JP 2017532419A JP WO2017022345 A1 JPWO2017022345 A1 JP WO2017022345A1
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- Prior art keywords
- cement
- particle size
- radioactive waste
- waste disposal
- silica powder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000002901 radioactive waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 210
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 108
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 46
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 46
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 66
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 46
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 30
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 28
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052956 cinnabar Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 6
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002927 high level radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000099147 Ananas comosus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007119 Ananas comosus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 244000004281 Eucalyptus maculata Species 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 bark Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009375 geological disposal Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002925 low-level radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001139 pH measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010908 plant waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011882 ultra-fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
- C04B14/06—Quartz; Sand
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/08—Slag cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/0016—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B20/002—Hollow or porous granular materials
- C04B20/004—Hollow or porous granular materials inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/30—Oxides other than silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/30—Oxides other than silica
- C04B14/304—Magnesia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/10—Burned or pyrolised refuse
- C04B18/101—Burned rice husks or other burned vegetable material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/0016—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B20/002—Hollow or porous granular materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/0016—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B20/002—Hollow or porous granular materials
- C04B20/0036—Microsized or nanosized
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
- G21F9/34—Disposal of solid waste
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
- G21F9/34—Disposal of solid waste
- G21F9/36—Disposal of solid waste by packaging; by baling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00862—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for nuclear applications, e.g. ray-absorbing concrete
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/70—Grouts, e.g. injection mixtures for cables for prestressed concrete
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明の放射性廃棄物処分場用セメント系材料は、以下の特徴を有する。
本発明の放射性廃棄物処分場用グラウト材料は、上記のa)及びb)の特徴に加えて、下記のc)およびd)の特徴を有し、より好ましくは、さらに下記のe)およびf)の特徴を有する。
本願発明者らは、各種の実験をするにあたり、表1に示す4種のベースセメントを準備した。種別記号C1のベースセメントは、ポルトランドセメントクリンカーと石膏とを含むものである。種別記号C2,C3,C4のベースセメントは、ポルトランドセメントクリンカーと、高炉スラグと、石膏とを含むものである。4種のベースセメントの粒径分布は、若干異なっている。ポルトランドセメントクリンカーは、日鉄住金セメント社製の中庸熱クリンカーである。高炉スラグは、日鉄住金セメント社製の高炉スラグ微粉末である。石膏は、タイ無水石膏である。
本願発明者らは、表2に示すシリカ粉末を準備した。準備したシリカ粉末の種類は、大きく分けて、植物性廃棄物の代表としての籾殻を焼成した灰(種別記号:HS1,HS2,HS3,LS1,LS2,SS)と、フライアッシュ(種別記号:FA)と、シリカヒューム(種別記号:SiF)と、硅砂(種別記号:QS)である。
種別HS1のクエン酸処理籾殻焼成灰に関して、セメント系材料全体に対するシリカ粉末の含有量(シリカ置換率)を0%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%、80%に変えて、セメント系材料またはグラウト材料の硬化状況、pHおよび浸透性を調べた。その結果を表3に示す。
種別LS1の酸処理なし籾殻焼成灰に関して、セメント系材料全体に対するシリカ粉末の含有量(シリカ置換率)を0%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%、80%に変えて、セメント系材料またはグラウト材料の硬化状況、pHおよび浸透性を調べた。その結果を表4に示す。
種別SSの火炎球状化処理籾殻焼成灰に関して、セメント系材料全体に対するシリカ粉末の含有量(シリカ置換率)を0%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%、80%に変えて、セメント系材料またはグラウト材料の硬化状況、pHおよび浸透性を調べた。その結果を表5に示す。
種別SiFのシリカヒュームに関して、セメント系材料全体に対するシリカ粉末の含有量(シリカ置換率)を0%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%、80%に変えて、セメント系材料またはグラウト材料の硬化状況、pHおよび浸透性を調べた。その結果を表6に示す。
種別FAのフライアッシュに関して、セメント系材料全体に対するシリカ粉末の含有量(シリカ置換率)を0%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%、80%に変えて、セメント系材料またはグラウト材料の硬化状況、pHおよび浸透性を調べた。その結果を表7に示す。
クエン酸処理籾殻焼成灰HS1(アルカリ成分を含む酸化物の合計含有量が0.8%、平均粒径が4.3μm、粒度分布において10μmを超える量が1.3%、1μm未満の量が0.2%)を用い、ベースセメントの種別を変えて、硬化状況、pH、浸透性を調べた。シリカ置換率は、いずれも、50%とした。その結果を表8に示す
クエン酸処理籾殻焼成灰HS1,HS2,HS3(アルカリ成分を含む酸化物の合計含有量は0.8%)を用い、粒径分布の相違によって、硬化状況、pH、浸透性がどのように変化するのかを調査した。
表1に示すように、各種実験をするに際して使用したベースセメントの粒径および粒度分布は、以下の通りであった。
粒度分布において粒径が10μmを超える量:1.5%〜3.5%
粒度分布において粒径が1μm未満の量:0.2%〜0.6%
ベースセメントが上記の粒径および粒度分布を有しているのであれば、浸透性の点で全く問題がないと思われる。グラウト材料として使用される場合を意図するのであれば、ベースセメントおよびシリカ粉末を混合したグラウト材料粉末の粒径および粒度分布は、シリカ粉末と同様に以下の条件を満たすようにするのが望ましい。
粒度分布において粒径が10μmを超える量:15%以下
粒度分布において粒径が1μm未満の量:6%以下
**[クエン酸処理籾殻焼成灰と硅砂との比較]**
クエン酸処理籾殻焼成灰HS1を用いたセメント系材料と硅砂QSを用いたセメント系材料とを、硬化状況、pH、浸透性において比較した。シリカ置換率は50%とした。その結果を表10に示す。
シリカ粉末の種別を変えて、材齢3日、7日、14日の圧縮強度を調査した。使用したシリカ粉末はクエン酸処理籾殻焼成灰HS1、シリカヒュームSiF、フライアッシュである。シリカ置換率は50%とした。
籾殻焼成灰中のアルカリ成分を含む酸化物の合計含有量と材齢14日のpH値との関係を調査した。その結果を図1に示す。
Claims (10)
- 放射性廃棄物処分場用セメント系材料において、
ベースセメントと、多孔質かつ非晶質のシリカ粉末とを備え、
セメント系材料全体に対する前記シリカ粉末の量は、質量基準で、35%〜65%の範囲内にある、放射性廃棄物処分場用セメント系材料。 - 前記シリカ粉末は、アルカリ成分を含む酸化物を含有し、
前記シリカ粉末中のアルカリ成分を含む酸化物の合計含有量が、前記シリカ粉末全体に対して質量基準で、4.1%以下である、請求項1に記載の放射性廃棄物処分場用セメント系材料。 - 前記シリカ粉末のシリカ純度が、質量基準で93%以上である、請求項1または2に記載の放射性廃棄物処分場用セメント系材料。
- 前記シリカ粉末は、植物性素材の焼成灰を粉砕したものである、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の放射性廃棄物処分場用セメント系材料。
- 前記シリカ粉末は、植物性素材を酸溶液中に浸漬した後に焼成した灰である、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の放射性廃棄物処分場用セメント系材料。
- 前記植物性素材は籾殻である、請求項4または5に記載の放射性廃棄物処分場用セメント系材料。
- 前記アルカリ成分を含む酸化物は、酸化ナトリウム、酸化カリウム、酸化カルシウム及び酸化マグネシウムからなる群から選ばれた1または2以上の酸化物である、請求項2に記載の放射性廃棄物処分場用セメント系材料。
- 前記シリカ粉末の平均粒径が3μm〜7μmの範囲内にあり、
前記シリカ粉末の粒度分布において、前記シリカ粉末全体に対して、粒径が10μmを超える量が15%以下であり、粒径が1μm未満の量が6%以下である、請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の放射性廃棄物処分場用セメント系材料。 - 前記セメント系材料は、放射性廃棄物処分場用グラウト材料である、請求項8に記載の放射性廃棄物処分場用セメント系材料。
- 前記ベースセメントおよび前記シリカ粉末を混合したグラウト材料粉末の平均粒径が3μm〜7μmの範囲内にあり、
前記グラウト材料粉末の粒度分布において、前記グラウト材料全体に対して、粒径が10μmを超える量が15%以下であり、粒径が1μm未満の量が6%以下である、請求項9に記載の放射性廃棄物処分場用セメント系材料。
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