WO2008041399A1 - Convertisseur cc-cc d'isolation à double extrémité - Google Patents
Convertisseur cc-cc d'isolation à double extrémité Download PDFInfo
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- WO2008041399A1 WO2008041399A1 PCT/JP2007/063714 JP2007063714W WO2008041399A1 WO 2008041399 A1 WO2008041399 A1 WO 2008041399A1 JP 2007063714 W JP2007063714 W JP 2007063714W WO 2008041399 A1 WO2008041399 A1 WO 2008041399A1
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- turn
- synchronous rectifier
- edge signal
- power switch
- circuit
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
- H02M3/33592—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer having a synchronous rectifier circuit or a synchronous freewheeling circuit at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0064—Magnetic structures combining different functions, e.g. storage, filtering or transformation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a double-end insulated DC-DC converter such as a half-bridge DC-DC converter, a push-pull DC-DC converter, a full-bridge DC-DC converter, or the like.
- Fig. 1 shows an example of a conventional double-ended isolated DC-DC converter.
- This double-end isolated DC-DC converter 120 is composed of an external drive circuit 114, totem pole drivers 1 and 118, DC leveler shifter 121, first and second switch dryers 122 and 124, and a first-order law switch.
- a smoothing capacitor Co, resistors Rl, R2, R3, R4, capacitors CI, C2, C3, C4, and diodes Dl, D2, D3, D4 are provided.
- the rise of the first PWM signal is delayed by diode Dl, resistor Rl, and capacitor C1
- the rise of the second PWM signal is delayed by diode D2, resistor R2, and capacitor C2, and is input to the driver.
- the driver generates the gate drive signals for the primary switches Ql and Q2 based on the input signal.
- the first and second PWM signals are input to the signal transmission transformer T2, and become a composite signal in which the first PWM signal appears in the first polarity of the transformer coil voltage and the second PWM signal appears in the second polarity. Secondary side Transmitted to the circuit.
- the DC level shifter 121 By adding the transmitted composite signal to the DC level shifter 121, the DC level of the driving voltage of the totem pole drivers 116 and 118 is increased, and the ON period of the totem pole drivers 116 and 118 is expanded, and the first and second The synchronous rectifiers Q3 and Q4 are driven at almost the same timing as the primary switches Ql and Q2.
- Patent Document 1 Special Table 2003-511004
- the conventional double-end isolated DC-DC converter shown in Fig. 1 combines the first and second PWM signals in the primary circuit and separates them in the secondary circuit.
- a separate circuit was required and the circuit configuration was complicated. Since the signal transmission transformer T2 needs to transmit a signal at a switching frequency (several tens of kHz), for example, a relatively large inductance of 100 H or more is required. For this reason, the outer shape of the signal transmission transformer T2 inevitably increases, making it difficult to reduce the overall size and weight of the converter.
- the object of the present invention is to maintain a highly efficient power conversion by driving the primary-side switch and the secondary-side synchronous rectifier at substantially complementary timings, while maintaining a small size as a whole. -To provide a double-ended isolated DC-DC converter that is lightweight. Means for solving the problem
- the present invention provides a main transformer (8) having at least a primary coil and a secondary coil, and first and second power switches (Ql, Q2) connected to the primary side of the main transformer.
- the primary side control circuit 70, 80, 90 that controls the switching of the first and second electrical switches (Ql, Q2) and the first, second, and second sides connected to the secondary side of the main transformer.
- the double-end insulated DC-DC converter comprising a synchronous rectifier (11, 12) and at least one choke coil (13), the first power is based on a signal from the primary side control circuit.
- a first synchronous rectifier control circuit that turns off and turns on the first synchronous rectifier (9) with a first turn-on edge signal (F) transmitted by the first Norse transformer (9). (73) and the second turn-off edge signal (G) transmitted by the second Norse transformer (10) to turn off the second synchronous rectifier (12), and the second pulse transformer ( 10) Second turn-on edge transmitted by No. and second synchronous rectifier control circuit for turning on said second synchronous rectifier (12) (H) (74),
- the first power switch (4) and the first synchronous rectifier (11) are driven at substantially complementary timings, and the second power switch (5) and the second synchronous rectifier (12 ) Is driven at almost complementary timing.
- the primary-side control circuit (70, 80, 90) receives the first power switch (11) from the turn-off of the first synchronous rectifier (11). 4) delays the turn-on of the second power switch (5) after the turn-off of the second synchronous rectifier (12) after the generation of the second turn-off edge signal (G). Shall be provided.
- a delay circuit on the first synchronous rectifier side that delays the turn-on of the first synchronous rectifier (11) from the turn-off of the first power switch (4) after the generation of the first turn-on edge signal (F) (76, 46) and the second synchronous rectifier (5) from the turn-off of the second power switch (5)
- a second synchronous rectifier side delay circuit (77, 47) is provided to delay the turn-on of 12).
- the first synchronous rectifier side delay circuit (76) includes a drain voltage of the first synchronous rectifier (11), a coil voltage of the main transformer (8), and a voltage of the choke coil (13).
- a delay time control circuit that detects any change and terminates the delay at the timing when the drain voltage of the first synchronous rectifier (11) changes
- the second synchronous rectifier side delay circuit Detects a change in at least one of the drain voltage of the second synchronous rectifier (12), the coil voltage of the main transformer (8), and the voltage of the choke coil (13) to detect the second synchronous rectifier (12). It is assumed that a delay time control circuit that stops the delay at the timing when the drain voltage of the rectifier (12) changes is provided.
- the second power switch (5) is a high-side switch whose reference potential is not connected to the ground (GND), and the primary-side control circuit includes the second power switch (5). Is provided with a circuit that is turned on by the second turn-off edge signal (G) and turned off by the second turn-on edge signal (H).
- the main transformer (8) and the first and second Nors transformers (9, 10) each have a pair of cores and independent coils, and function equivalently as independent transformers. Installed in the composite transformer.
- the core (43E, 431) includes a middle leg (42) and at least one pair of outer legs opposed via the middle leg to form a closed magnetic circuit
- the coil is capable of coil wiring between a first set of coils each including at least two coils (8A, 8B, 8C) wound around the middle leg of the core and one of the pair of outer legs.
- the coil (9A, 9A, coil) was separated into two outer legs with a certain gap, and wound around the two separated outer legs (38, 39) so that the winding directions were opposite to each other.
- 9B) and the second pair of coils and the other of the pair of outer legs are separated into two outer legs with a gap to allow coil wiring, and the two separated outer legs are separated.
- the 1st and 2nd Nord transformers transmit a wedge-shaped edge signal that is not a switching frequency signal.
- a small Norst transformer with a low inductance of several H can be used. 'Weight can be reduced.
- the primary-side control circuit uses the first power switch (4) after the first turn-off edge signal (E) is generated and the first synchronous rectifier (11) is turned off. Since the turn-on of the second power switch (5) is delayed from the turn-off of the second synchronous rectifier (12) after the generation of the second turn-off edge signal (G), the first power switch (G) is delayed. Short-circuiting due to simultaneous ON of 4) and the first synchronous rectifier (11) and short-circuiting due to simultaneous ON of the second power switch (5) and the second synchronous rectifier (12) can be prevented.
- [0016] Due to the action of the first synchronous rectifier side delay circuit (76, 46), after the generation of the first turn-on edge signal (F), the first power switch (4) turns off the first Since the turn-on of the synchronous rectifier (11) is delayed, and the second synchronous rectifier (12) is turned on by the action of the second synchronous rectifier side delay circuit (77, 47) than the turn-off of the second power switch (5). Due to the delay, the first power switch (4) and the first synchronous rectifier (11) are short-circuited simultaneously, and the second power switch (5) and the second synchronous rectifier (12) are simultaneously turned on. Can prevent short circuit.
- the first and second delay time control circuits By detecting a change in at least one of the drain voltage of the second synchronous rectifier (12), the coil voltage of the main transformer (8), and the voltage of the choke coil (13), Since the delay is cut off at the timing when the drain voltage of the synchronous rectifier (12) changes, if a reverse current exceeding a certain value flows through the first and second synchronous rectifiers, the first and second delay time control circuits The amount of delay increases due to the action, and the first and second synchronous rectifiers Tan'onta timing is delayed, reverse current is limited. That is, a comparator using a synchronous rectifier The reverse flow mode of operation is blocked despite the fact that the
- the second power switch (5) is a high side switch whose reference potential is not connected to the ground (GND), and the primary side control circuit is connected to the second power switch (5). Can be turned on with the second turn-off edge signal (G) and turned off with the second turn-on edge signal (H) to reduce the high-side driver (3) and reduce the overall component cost There is an effect.
- the first and second Nord transformers (9, 10) transmit a no-less edge signal that is not a switching frequency signal. If it is a type core, it can be configured by winding it one or two turns, so the main transformer (8) and the first and second norlas transformers (9, 10) are connected to a pair of cores and independent coils. In addition, by providing it in a composite transformer that functions as an independent transformer equivalently, it is possible to make a composite without substantially impairing the characteristics of the main transformer.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a double-end insulated DC-DC converter disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the double-end insulated DC-DC converter of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a voltage / current waveform diagram of the main part of FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of a composite transformer used in the double-end insulated DC-DC converter according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a double-ended insulated DC-DC converter according to a second embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a double-ended insulated DC-DC converter according to a third embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a double-end insulated DC-DC converter according to a fourth embodiment. Explanation of symbols
- Double-sided board that composes 3 or 4 layers of 4 layers board
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the double-end insulated DC-DC converter of the first embodiment
- FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram of the main part thereof.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the configuration of the transformer used in the first embodiment.
- the double-end insulated DC-DC converter 101 includes a main transformer 8 having a primary coiner 8A and a secondary coil 8B, and a first transformer connected to the primary side of the main transformer 8.
- a synchronous rectifier 11, a second synchronous rectifier 12, and a choke coil 13 are provided.
- a first turn-off edge signal and a first turn-on edge signal that substantially correspond to the turn-on and turn-off timings of the first power switch 4 are generated based on the signal from the primary side control circuit 70.
- the second turn-off edge signal and the second turn-on corresponding to the turn-on and turn-off timing of the second power switch 5 based on the signals from the edge signal generation circuit 71 of the first and the control circuit 70 on the primary side
- a second edge signal generation circuit 72 for generating an edge signal is provided.
- the first turn-off edge signal and the first turn-on edge signal are transmitted to the secondary side, and the second turn-off edge signal and the second turn-on signal are transmitted to the secondary side.
- the second Nord transformer 10 that transmits the edge signal to the secondary side and the first turn-off edge signal (E in FIG. 3 described later) transmitted by the first Nord transformer 9
- the first synchronous rectifier control circuit that turns off the synchronous rectifier 11 and turns on the first synchronous rectifier 11 with the first turn-on edge signal (F in FIG. 3) transmitted by the first NOR transformer 9. 73.
- the second synchronous rectifier 12 is turned off by the second turn-off edge signal (G in FIG.
- a second synchronous rectifier control circuit 74 that turns on the second synchronous rectifier 12 with a turn-on edge signal (H in FIG. 3) is provided.
- a series circuit of first and second power switches 4 and 5 and capacitors 6 and 7 is connected between the lines of the input DC power source 1, and the first and second power switches 4 and 5 are connected.
- the primary coil 8A of the main transformer 8 is connected between the connection point and the connection points of the capacitors 6 and 7.
- One end of the choke coil 13 is connected to the connection point of the secondary coils 8B and 8C of the main transformer 8, and the output smoothing capacitor 14 is connected between the other end of the choke coil 13 and the secondary side ground. Yes.
- a first synchronous rectifier 11 is connected between one end of the secondary coil 8B of the main transformer 8 and the secondary side ground.
- a second synchronous rectifier 12 is connected between one end of the secondary coil 8C of the main transformer 8 and the secondary side ground.
- the primary side control circuit 70 includes a PWM control circuit 2 and a high side driver 3.
- the first PWM signal output terminal 2A and the second PWM signal output terminal 2B are connected to the high side driver 3.
- the first power switch drive terminal 3A of the side driver 3 is connected to the gate of the first power switch 4, and the second power switch drive terminal 3B is connected to the gate of the second power switch 5 and connected.
- the ground terminal 2C of the PWM control circuit 2 and the ground terminal 3C of the no-side driver 3 are each connected to the primary side ground.
- the input DC power source 1 is connected to the input of the double-end insulated DC-DC converter 101, and the load 15 is connected to the output.
- a control power supply voltage is applied to the primary side control circuit power supply input section 16.
- the first edge signal generation circuit 71 includes Schottky barrier diodes (hereinafter referred to as "SBD") 19, 20 and a capacitor 22, and includes a primary side control circuit power input unit 16 and a primary side. It is connected between the ground.
- the second edge signal generation circuit 72 is composed of SBDs 17 and 18 and a capacitor 21, and is connected between the primary side control circuit power supply input unit 16 and the primary side ground.
- a primary coil 9 A of the first Nors transformer 9 is connected between the first PWM signal output terminal 2 A of the PWM control circuit 2 and the first edge signal generation circuit 71.
- the primary coil 1 OA of the second Nord transformer 10 is connected between the second PWM signal output terminal 2 B of the PWM control circuit 2 and the second edge signal generation circuit 72.
- the first synchronous rectifier control circuit 73 includes an N-channel MOSFET 24, a P-channel MOSFE T25, diodes ( ⁇ diodes) 26 and 27, a Zener diode 29, and a resistor 28.
- the second synchronous rectifier control circuit 74 includes a negative channel MOSFET 35, a P channel MOSFET 36, diodes (PN diodes) 32 and 33, a Zener diode 30, and a resistor 31.
- the series circuit of FET24, FET25, and resistor 23 is connected between the secondary control circuit power input 37 and the secondary ground, and the connection point between FET24 and FET25 is the N-channel MOSFET. Connected to the gate of synchronous rectifier 11. Similarly, the series circuit of FET35, FET36, and resistor 34 is connected between the secondary side control circuit power supply input 37 and the secondary side ground, and the connection point of FET35 and FET36 is an N-channel MOSFET. Connected to the gate of the rectifier 12 and lowered.
- the secondary coil 9B of the first pulse transformer 9 is connected between the connection point of the diodes 26 and 27 of the first synchronous rectifier control circuit 73 and the connection point of the FETs 24 and 25.
- the secondary coil 10B of the second Nord transformer 10 is connected between the connection point of the diodes 32 and 33 of the second synchronous rectifier control circuit 74 and the connection point of the FETs 3 5 and 36.
- the DC-DC converter 101 shown in Fig. 2 is a half-bridge converter, and the on-duty of the first power switch 4 is almost equal to the on-duty of the first and second power switches 4 and 5.
- the on-duty of the second power switch 5 is also narrowed.
- the first electric switch 4 and the first synchronous rectifier 11 are driven at almost complementary timing, and the second electric switch 5 and the second synchronous rectifier 12 are also driven at almost complementary timing. .
- the first and second power switches 4, 5 are switched alternately to convert the DC power into AC power.
- This AC power is transmitted from the primary side circuit to the secondary side circuit by the main transformer 8, rectified by the first and second synchronous rectifiers 11 and 12, smoothed by the choke coil 13 and the output smoothing capacitor 14, and then DC again. And supplied to load 15.
- a feedback circuit detects the output voltage, generates an error signal by comparison with a reference voltage, and transmits the error signal from the secondary side circuit to the primary side circuit.
- Circuit 2 outputs the first and second PWM signals with pulse width control.
- the first PWM signal is output from the first PWM signal output terminal 2A, input to the negative side driver 3, and output from the first power switch driving terminal 3A of the high side driver 3.
- the second PWM signal is output from the second PWM signal output terminal 2B.
- the reference potential (source) is converted into a signal that can drive the high-side switch that is not connected to the ground, and is output from the second power switch drive terminal 3B.
- the first turn-off edge signal E is transmitted from the primary coil 9A to the secondary coil 9B, and generates a voltage between the source and drain of the FET 25 (hereinafter, between S and G) through the PN diode 27 (Fig. (Refer to (12) of 3), turn on FET25.
- the FET 25 When the FET 25 is turned on, the charge accumulated in the gate of the first synchronous rectifier 11 is instantaneously discharged (see (13) in FIG. 3), and the first synchronous rectifier 11 is turned off.
- the ON state of FET25 can be maintained for a time longer than the pulse width of the first turnoff edge signal E (Fig. (See 3 (12)).
- the accumulated charge on the gate of FET 25 is gradually discharged through resistor 28 and diode 26.
- the Zener diode 29 is provided to quickly discharge the gate accumulated charge of the FET 25 when the first turn-on edge signal F having the reverse polarity is generated. If the Zener voltage of Zener diode 29 is smaller than the sum of the threshold voltages of FET24 and FET25, no through current will be generated due to FET24 and FET25 turning on simultaneously.
- the amplitude of the first turn-off edge signal E decreases as the capacitor 22 is charged, and when the SBD 19 becomes conductive when the voltage of the capacitor 22 becomes higher than the voltage of the primary side control circuit power supply input section 16, the primary coil 9A The voltage corresponding to the forward voltage drop of SBD19 appears in (Figure 3 (3)).
- the voltage corresponding to the forward voltage drop of SBD19 is opposite in polarity to the first turn-off edge signal E, and when the first turn-off edge signal E is generated, the excitation energy stored in the first Nord transformer is released. Since SBD19 has a smaller forward drop than PN diode 26 connected to secondary coil 9B, the voltage corresponding to the forward voltage drop of SBD19 generated in primary coil 9A appears between GS of FET24. No malfunction occurs.
- the accumulated charge in the capacitor 22 is discharged through the primary coil 9A of the first noisy (see Fig. 3 ( 2)), the first tar On-edge signal F is generated (see (3) in Figure 3).
- the first turn-on edge signal F is transmitted from the primary coil 9A to the secondary coil 9B, generates a voltage between G and S of the FET24 through the PN diode 26 (see (11) in Fig. 3), and turns on the FET24.
- the ON state of the FET 24 can be maintained for a time longer than the pulse width of the first turn-on edge signal F (( 1 See 1)).
- the gate storage charge of the FET 24 is gradually discharged through the resistor 28 and the diode 27.
- the Zener diode 29 quickly discharges the gate accumulated charge of the FET 24 when the first turn-off edge signal E having the reverse polarity is generated.
- the amplitude of the first turn-on edge signal F decreases as the capacitor 22 is discharged. If SBD20 conducts when the capacitor 22 voltage is lower than the ground potential, it corresponds to the forward voltage drop of SBD20 in the primary coil 9A. A voltage appears (see (3) in Fig. 3).
- the voltage corresponding to the forward voltage drop of the SBD 20 is opposite in polarity to the first turn-on edge signal F, and releases the excitation energy stored in the first pulse transformer when the first turn-on edge signal F is generated.
- the voltage corresponding to the forward voltage drop of SBD20 generated in primary coil 9A is between S and G of FET25. It does not appear and does not malfunction.
- the phase of the output signal is delayed from that of the input signal.
- the operation of turning off the gate of the power switch has a propagation delay.
- the first turn-off edge signal E is generated by a delay time I earlier than the G ⁇ S voltage rising force S of the power switch 4 due to the propagation delay.
- the turn-off timing of the synchronous rectifier 11 is earlier than the turn-on timing of the first power switch 4, and no short-circuit current occurs Yes
- the resistor 23 limits the gate charging speed of the first synchronous rectifier 11 and delays the turn-on of the first synchronous rectifier 11 by the third delay time K to prevent the occurrence of a short-circuit current!
- the first synchronous rectifier 11 is driven at a timing substantially complementary to the power switch 4.
- the redundant description of the operation is as follows. Omitted.
- the second turn-off edge signal G generated at the rising edge of the second PWM signal output from the 2B terminal of the PWM control circuit 2 and the second turn-on edge signal H generated at the falling edge of the second PWM signal are This is transmitted from the primary side circuit to the secondary side circuit by the Nord transformer 10 to turn on and off the FET 36 and FET 35, and the second synchronous rectifier 12 is driven at a timing almost complementary to the power switch 5.
- the first and second power switches 4 and 5 and the first and second synchronous rectifiers 11 and 12 are driven at substantially complementary timings.
- the secondary coil output current of the main transformer 8 flows through the parasitic diode of the synchronous rectifier, and there is no occurrence of a short-circuit current due to a shift in the synchronous rectifier drive timing, so a highly efficient power conversion operation can be realized.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the structure of a composite transformer in which the main transformer 8 and the first and second pulse transformers 9 and 10 are combined to form a single transformer.
- first and second pulse transformers 9 and 10 transmit a pulsed edge signal that is not a switching frequency signal, for example, if the core is a closed magnetic circuit type core with a low inductance of several H, it is 1 or 2 turns. Can be configured by winding.
- This composite transformer includes a main transformer 8 and first and second pulse transformers 9 and 10, each having a pair of cores and independent coils.
- FIG. 4 are plan views showing coil patterns provided on the transformer substrate, and (C) and (D) of FIG. It is sectional drawing in the predetermined position of a joint transformer.
- closed magnetism is achieved by interposing the printed circuit boards 44 and 45 with an EI core that is a combination of an E-type core 43E with 5 Ji rejections 39, 40, 41 and 42 and a flat core 431. Constitutes the road.
- leg 38 is the first outer leg
- leg 39 is the second outer leg
- leg 40 is the third outer leg
- leg 41 is the fourth outer leg
- leg 42 is the middle leg. They pass through the first, second, third, and fourth outer holes of the printed boards 44 and 45 and the central hole, respectively.
- the printed circuit board is a four-layer multilayer board.
- a double-layer board 44 constituting the first and second layers and a double-side board 45 constituting the third and fourth layers are laminated by sandwiching a pre-preder. It constitutes the board.
- “a” to “m” are through holes provided in the printed circuit boards 44 and 45, and constitute input / output terminals of each transformer.
- the printed circuit boards 44 and 45 are formed so that the conductor pattern of the primary coil 8A, secondary coil 8B, and tertiary coil 8C of the main transformer 8 is spirally wound around the center leg 42 of the core. Yes.
- the primary coil 8A has three turns between the input / output terminals e and f of the double-sided board 44, the secondary coil 8B and the tertiary coil 8C have the intermediate tap h of the double-sided board 45, and the input / output terminal g It is wound around the cage one turn at a time.
- the primary coil 9A and the secondary coil 9B of the first pulse transformer 9 are connected in series to the first outer leg 38 and the second outer leg 39 in the reverse direction and the same number of coils. . Specifically, the primary coil 9A is wound one turn between the input / output terminals ab of the double-sided board 44, and the secondary coil 9B is wound one turn between the input / output terminals cd of the double-sided board 45.
- the primary coil 10A and the secondary coil 10B of the second pulse transformer 10 are connected in series to the third outer leg 40 and the fourth outer leg 41 in the reverse direction and the same number of coils. . Specifically, the primary coil 10A is wound one turn between the input / output terminals 1 m of the double-sided board 44, and the secondary coil 10B is wound one turn between the input / output terminals j-k of the double-sided board 45.
- the main transformer can be combined with almost no loss of characteristics, which is advantageous in terms of downsizing and cost reduction.
- FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the double-end insulated DC-DC converter of the second embodiment.
- the basic configuration of this double-end insulated DC-DC converter is the same as that shown in the first embodiment.
- the first and second synchronous rectifier side delay circuits 76 and 77 are different from those shown in FIG. In the example shown in FIG.
- the gate charging current of the first and second synchronous rectifiers 11 and 12 is limited by resistors 23 and 34, and the turn-on timing of the first and second synchronous rectifiers 11 and 12 is limited to the third The fourth delay time ⁇ , the force that delays by L to prevent the occurrence of a short-circuit current Due to variations in the input capacitance of the synchronous rectifiers 11 and 12, the turn-on of the synchronous rectifier may deviate from the optimal timing.
- the optimal turn-on timing differs depending on the load current, and it is desirable to slightly advance the turn-on timing for operations with large load currents! /.
- the first synchronous rectifier side delay circuit 76 is provided with a first delay time control circuit 46 including a transistor 50, resistors 23 and 48, and a capacitor 49.
- the first delay time control circuit 46 observes a change in drain voltage of the first synchronous rectifier 11 with a differentiating circuit composed of a resistor 48 and a capacitor 49. When this differential circuit detects a drop in the drain voltage of the first synchronous rectifier 11, the transistor 50 is turned on and the delay operation is terminated (terminates).
- the second synchronous rectifier side delay circuit 77 is provided with a second delay time control circuit 47 including a transistor 53, resistors 34 and 51, and a capacitor 52.
- the second delay time control circuit 47 observes the drain voltage change of the second synchronous rectifier 11 with a differential circuit composed of a resistor 51 and a capacitor 52. When this differential circuit detects the drain voltage drop of the second synchronous rectifier 12, the transistor 53 is turned on and the delay operation is terminated (terminates).
- the first and second power The synchronous rectifier self-oscillates immediately after the switching operation of switches 4 and 5 is stopped. Excessive voltage / current stress is applied to the barter parts.
- the first and second synchronous rectifiers are operated under AND conditions of receiving the turn-on edge signal via the first and second Nord transformers 9 and 10 and detecting the change in the drain voltage of the synchronous rectifier.
- the coil voltage change of the main transformer 8 and the voltage change of the choke coil 13 may be detected.
- a reverse flow operation mode in which a reverse current flows in the input direction from the converter output during the switching operation of the first and second power switches 4 and 5 can generally occur.
- the reverse current operation mode when a reverse current flows from the source of the first and second power switches 4 and 5 to the drain, the gates of the first and second power switches 4 and 5 are turned off immediately. The drain voltage does not increase. In other words, even if the secondary side circuit receives the first and second turn-on edge signals F and H, the drain voltage of the first and second synchronous rectifiers does not change immediately.
- the first and second delay time control circuits 46 and 47 provide a reverse current self-limiting function.
- FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of the double-end insulated DC-DC converter of the third embodiment.
- This double-end insulated DC-DC converter 103 is obtained by reducing the high-side driver 3 shown in FIG. 2 in order to reduce costs. Therefore, the second power switch 5 whose reference potential (source) is not connected to the ground is driven by using the second Nord transformer 10.
- a bootstrap circuit 54 including a capacitor 56 and a diode 55 is provided to secure driving power for the second power switch 5.
- This bootsto A series circuit of FET58, FET59, and resistor 57 is connected between the output section of wrap circuit 54 and the primary side ground, and the connection point of FET58 and FET59 is connected to the gate of second power switch 5.
- the gates of FET58 and FET59 are connected to a circuit consisting of diodes 60 and 61, Zener diode 63, and resistor 62.
- the tertiary coil 10C of the second Nord transformer 10 is connected between the connection point of the diodes 60 and 61 and the connection point of the FETs 58 and 59.
- the first power switch side delay circuit 78 by the resistor 64 and SBD65 is connected to the PWM control circuit.
- the second turn-off edge signal G output from the tertiary coil of the second Nord transformer 10 is applied to the gate of the FET 58 through the PN diode 60, the FET 58 is turned on, and the gate of the second power switch 5 is turned on. As a result, the second power switch 5 is turned on. Thereafter, the second turn-on edge signal H is applied to the gate of the FET 59 through the PN diode 61, the FET 59 is turned on, the charge of the gate of the second power switch 5 is discharged, and the second power switch 5 is turned on. Turned off.
- the power switch 5 is driven at the same timing as the second PWM signal output from the PWM control circuit 2, and the second synchronous rectifier 12 is inverted. Therefore, the second power switch 5 and the second synchronous rectifier 12 are driven with substantially complementary timing. Similarly, the first power switch 4 and the first synchronous rectifier 11 are driven with substantially complementary timing.
- the charging current of the gate of the second power switch 5 is limited by the resistor 57. As a result, the second delay time J is secured. Further, the gate charge current of the power switch 4 is limited by the first power switch side delay circuit 78. As a result, the first delay time I is secured.
- FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a double-end insulated DC-DC converter of the fourth embodiment. The basic configuration of this double-ended isolated DC-DC converter is shown in the first embodiment. It is the same as what I did.
- the fourth embodiment is an example in which the present invention is applied to a circuit topology different from the first to third embodiments.
- the current doubler rectifier circuit type is suitable for the above.
- the main transformer 8 is provided with a second primary coil 8D in addition to the first primary coil 8A, and the second power switch 5 is connected to the second primary coil 8D.
- the primary side control circuit 90 includes a first power switch side delay circuit 78 composed of a resistor 64 and SBD65, and a second power switch side delay circuit 79 composed of a resistor 67 and SBD68.
- the first power switch side delay circuit 78 is provided between the first PWM signal output terminal 2A of the PWM control circuit 2 and the gate of the first power switch 4, and the second power switch side delay circuit is provided.
- 79 is provided between the second PWM signal output terminal 2 B of the PWM control circuit 2 and the gate of the second power switch 5.
- the first and second power switches 4 and 5 perform switching operations alternately to convert DC power into AC power.
- the AC power is transmitted from the primary circuit to the secondary circuit by the main transformer 8, rectified by the first and second synchronous rectifiers 11 and 12, and smoothed by the choke coils 13 and 66 and the output smoothing capacitor 14. Then, it is converted to DC again and supplied to the load 15.
- the duty of the first power switch 4 and the duty of the first and second power switches 4 and 5 are substantially equal, the duty of the second power switch 5 is also narrowed.
- the first power switch 4 and the first synchronous rectifier 11 are driven with substantially complementary timing, and the second power switch 5 and the second synchronous rectifier 12 are driven with substantially complementary timing.
- the high-side driver having an inherent propagation delay is used for V, TE! /, NA! /, So that the resistor 64 and the SBD65 of the first power switch side delay circuit 78 are used.
- Get The second delay time J is secured by limiting the charging current.
- the present invention can take various application forms other than the first to fourth embodiments.
- Other power conversion circuit topologies can be applied to, for example, full bridge converters.
- the circuit that receives the turn-on edge signal and the turn-off edge signal to drive the synchronous rectifier can also have a circuit configuration different from the first to fourth embodiments. For example, by adjusting the constant of the resistor 28, FET24 and FET25 can be If it is possible to operate without ON, the Zener diode 29 can be reduced. Similarly, the Zener diode 30 can be reduced if the constant adjustment of the resistor 31 enables operation without causing the FET 35 and FET 36 to be simultaneously turned on. It is also possible to configure a composite transformer with a shape different from that shown in Fig. 4, and even if the main transformer 8 and the first and second Nord transformers 9 and 10 are separated, there is no problem in circuit operation. There is no.
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- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
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JP2008537421A JP5012807B2 (ja) | 2006-10-02 | 2007-07-10 | ダブルエンド絶縁型dc−dcコンバータ |
CN2007800342609A CN101517878B (zh) | 2006-10-02 | 2007-07-10 | 双端绝缘型dc-dc转换器 |
US12/399,157 US7596009B2 (en) | 2006-10-02 | 2009-03-06 | Double-ended isolated DC-DC converter |
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JP2006270976 | 2006-10-02 | ||
JP2006-270976 | 2006-10-02 |
Related Child Applications (1)
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US12/399,157 Continuation US7596009B2 (en) | 2006-10-02 | 2009-03-06 | Double-ended isolated DC-DC converter |
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WO2008041399A1 true WO2008041399A1 (fr) | 2008-04-10 |
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PCT/JP2007/063714 WO2008041399A1 (fr) | 2006-10-02 | 2007-07-10 | Convertisseur cc-cc d'isolation à double extrémité |
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US (1) | US7596009B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5012807B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101517878B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008041399A1 (ja) |
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JP2011223726A (ja) * | 2010-04-08 | 2011-11-04 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | 半導体集積回路及びそれを用いたdc−dcコンバータ |
US8374002B2 (en) | 2010-04-08 | 2013-02-12 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Isolated switching power supply apparatus |
US10790754B2 (en) | 2019-02-26 | 2020-09-29 | Analog Devices International Unlimited Company | Systems and methods for transferring power across an isolation barrier using an active resonator |
US10797609B2 (en) | 2019-02-26 | 2020-10-06 | Analog Devices International Unlimited Company | Systems and methods for transferring power across an isolation barrier using an active self synchronized rectifier |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20090161391A1 (en) | 2009-06-25 |
US7596009B2 (en) | 2009-09-29 |
JP5012807B2 (ja) | 2012-08-29 |
JPWO2008041399A1 (ja) | 2010-02-04 |
CN101517878B (zh) | 2012-02-08 |
CN101517878A (zh) | 2009-08-26 |
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