WO2008007660A1 - Appareil à platine et appareil d'exposition - Google Patents
Appareil à platine et appareil d'exposition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008007660A1 WO2008007660A1 PCT/JP2007/063721 JP2007063721W WO2008007660A1 WO 2008007660 A1 WO2008007660 A1 WO 2008007660A1 JP 2007063721 W JP2007063721 W JP 2007063721W WO 2008007660 A1 WO2008007660 A1 WO 2008007660A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- density
- stage
- reticle
- wafer
- optical system
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70691—Handling of masks or workpieces
- G03F7/70716—Stages
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70058—Mask illumination systems
- G03F7/7015—Details of optical elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70216—Mask projection systems
- G03F7/70233—Optical aspects of catoptric systems, i.e. comprising only reflective elements, e.g. extreme ultraviolet [EUV] projection systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70691—Handling of masks or workpieces
- G03F7/70716—Stages
- G03F7/70725—Stages control
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70691—Handling of masks or workpieces
- G03F7/70758—Drive means, e.g. actuators, motors for long- or short-stroke modules or fine or coarse driving
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/68—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for positioning, orientation or alignment
- H01L21/682—Mask-wafer alignment
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a stage apparatus for driving an object, an exposure apparatus using the stage apparatus, and a device manufacturing method using the exposure apparatus.
- a circuit pattern formed on a reticle is projected using an optical projection system.
- a step-and-repeat type static exposure type (batch exposure type) projection exposure apparatus In order to perform projection exposure on wafers (or glass plates, etc.) coated with photosensitive material (photoresist etc.), a step-and-repeat type static exposure type (batch exposure type) projection exposure apparatus ( And exposure devices such as step-and-scan type scanning exposure type projection exposure apparatuses (eg, step scanning, stepper, etc.) are used.
- a reticle stage system and a wafer stage system are provided for positioning and moving the reticle and wafer, respectively.
- stage systems in order to obtain high positioning accuracy, it is necessary to increase the rigidity (such as bending rigidity) as much as possible.
- rigidity such as bending rigidity
- a reticle stage system of a scanning exposure type projection exposure apparatus in order to enable high-speed driving of the movable part in order to increase the throughput of the exposure process, it is necessary to make the movable part as light as possible.
- stage system it is preferable to make the stage system as light as possible as a whole in order to facilitate transportation of the exposure apparatus and lighten the load on the factory where the exposure apparatus is installed.
- the material is made of a material having a specific rigidity and a density as low as possible within a predetermined cost range, and further, for example, a blanking or a rib structure is used to reduce the weight (for example, patents) Reference 1).
- Patent Document 1 International Publication No. 2005/036618 Pamphlet
- a large and heavy mirror may be used as the projection optical system of the exposure apparatus.
- the flatness of the reflecting surface of such a mirror is also kept high. It is desired to reduce the weight.
- the present invention provides a stage apparatus and an exposure apparatus that can achieve further weight reduction without substantially reducing characteristics such as rigidity, strength, and flatness. Is Mejiro-an.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a device manufacturing technique using the exposure apparatus.
- a stage apparatus is a stage apparatus that drives a movable part (RST; WST) on which an object (R; W) is placed, and the movable part is made of a material having a non-uniform density distribution. It is provided with a predetermined member (22; 25) formed.
- a first exposure apparatus is an exposure apparatus that illuminates a pattern with exposure light and exposes the substrate (W) through the pattern with the exposure light, and a mask (
- the stage apparatus of the present invention is used to drive at least one of R) and its substrate.
- the second exposure apparatus irradiates the pattern with exposure light via an illumination optical system (IOP), and displays an image of the pattern on the substrate (W) via the projection optical system (PU).
- Exposure to dew In the optical device, either the illumination optical system or the projection optical system has a reflecting member (50), and the reflecting member is formed on the portion (50a) where the reflecting surface (50c) is formed. The density is higher than the density of other parts.
- the density of the material is increased in a portion of the predetermined member where characteristics such as relatively high rigidity, strength, or flatness are required.
- characteristics such as relatively high rigidity, strength, or flatness are required.
- the mirror can be reduced in weight while maintaining the flatness of the reflecting surface high, and thus the exposure apparatus can be reduced in weight.
- FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway view showing a schematic configuration of a projection exposure apparatus as an example of an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a frame-like member 18 and a reticle stage RST of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of reticle stage RST, frame-like member 18 and reticle base 16 in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 4 (A) is a perspective view showing a reticle stage RST in FIG. 1, (B) is a sectional view of the reticle stage RS T in the Y direction.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the illumination system side plate 14, the reticle stage RST, and the reticle base 16 of FIG. 1 as viewed in the Y direction.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the main part of reticle stage RST in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 7 is a plan view showing reticle stage body 22 of FIG. 4 (A).
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a manufacturing process of the wafer holder 25 in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an example of a microdevice manufacturing process. Explanation of symbols
- R ... Reticle, PL ... Projection optical system, W ... Ueno, RST ... Reticle stage, WST---Wafer stage, BS ... Wafer base, ⁇ ... Fixed mirror, MXa ... High density part, MXb ... Low density, 16, Reticle base, 22, Reticu nore stage body, 22el ⁇ 22e4, 22fl ⁇ 22f4---High density, 25, Ueno ⁇ Nooreda, 25F---Frame frame, 44 ⁇ Concave ⁇ 45 ⁇ ⁇ screw bush ⁇ 50 ⁇ concave mirror
- the present invention is applied to a scanning exposure type projection exposure apparatus (exposure apparatus) composed of a scanning stagger.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of the projection exposure apparatus 10 of this example.
- the Z-axis is perpendicular to the object plane (parallel to the image plane) of the projection optical system PL provided in the projection exposure apparatus 10.
- the Y axis is taken in the scanning direction of the reticle R and the wafer W during scanning exposure
- the X axis is taken in the non-scanning direction (direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 1) perpendicular to the scanning direction. I will explain it.
- the projection exposure apparatus 10 drives an illumination optical system unit IOP and a reticle R (mask) on which a circuit pattern is formed with a predetermined stroke in the Y direction, as well as the X direction, the Y direction, and the ⁇ z direction.
- a reticle stage system 12 stage device that is slightly driven (rotation around the Z axis), projection optical system PL, and wafer W (substrate) coated with resist are driven in a two-dimensional direction in the XY plane. It is equipped with a wafer stage system (stage device) and a control system for these.
- the reticle stage system 12 is provided below an illumination system side plate (cap plate) 14 having an annular mounting portion 101 connected to the outer periphery of the lower end portion of the illumination optical system IOP via a seal member 99. Has been placed.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the reticle stage system 12 shown in FIG. 1.
- the reticle stage system 12 includes a reticle base 16 (guide portion) as a surface plate, and the reticle base.
- Reticle stage RST movable part
- frame-shaped member 18 disposed between reticle base 16 and illumination system side plate 14 in a state of surrounding reticle stage RST.
- a reticle stage drive system for driving the reticle stage RST.
- the reticle base 16 is supported almost horizontally by a support member (not shown).
- FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of FIG. 2, and as shown in FIG. 3, a substantially plate-shaped reticle base.
- a convex guide portion 16a is formed at the center of 16.
- the upper surface (guide surface) GP of the guide portion 16a is finished with extremely high flatness, and an opening 16b for allowing the exposure light IL to pass in the Z direction is formed in the approximate center of the guide portion 16a.
- the upper end of the barrel portion of the projection optical system PL is connected to the lower surface side of the reticle base 16 through a seal member 98 so as to surround the periphery of the opening 16b.
- reticle stage RST includes a reticle stage body 22 having a special shape, various magnet units (details will be described later) and the like fixed to reticle stage body 22.
- the reticle stage body 22 includes a plate-like portion 24A having a substantially rectangular shape when viewed from above, and two optical member support portions 24B1 and 24B2 as specific portions provided at the end in the X direction of the plate-like portion 24A.
- a pair of extending portions 24C1, 24C2, 24D1, and 24D2 projecting in the Y direction from one end and the other end of the plate-shaped portion 24A, respectively. Yes.
- An opening 22al for allowing the exposure light IL to pass therethrough is provided at substantially the center of the plate-like portion 24A.
- a stepped opening 22a formed in the center thereof, and a plurality of (for example, three points) for supporting the reticle R from the lower side at a plurality of points (for example, three points) are formed in the stepped opening 22a.
- Three) reticle support members 34 are provided.
- a plurality of (for example, three) reticle fixing mechanisms 34P are provided on the plate-like portion 24A so as to sandwich and fix the reticle R in correspondence with each reticle support member 34! .
- Fig. 4 (B) is a cross-sectional view of the reticle stage RST in Fig. 4 (A) in a plane parallel to the XZ plane.
- the reticle R has a pattern thereof.
- the surface (lower surface) is supported by a plurality of support members 34 in a state where it substantially coincides with the neutral surface CT (a surface that does not expand and contract when subjected to a bending moment) of the reticle stage body 22 (reticle stage RST).
- a reticle chucking / fixing mechanism such as a vacuum chuck or an electrostatic chuck can be used instead of or together with the reticle support member 34 and the reticle fixing mechanism 34P.
- the first optical system 31 and the second optical system 32 for measuring the position of the reticle stage RST on the optical member support portions 24B1 and 24B2, respectively. Is fixed.
- the optical member supporting portions 24B1 and 24B2 and the plate-like portion 24A are locally connected to each other at two locations by hinge portions (not shown) that act as a kind of flexure. It is configured so that the influence does not reach the optical member support portions 24B1 and 24B2.
- the reticle stage body 22 including the plate-like portion 24A, the optical member support portions 24B1 and 24B2, and the hinge portion is integrally formed of porous ceramics having different density distributions (for example, one piece
- the expression as if each part is a separate member is used as necessary. Is also used.
- any one of the above-described parts may be configured as a separate member from the other.
- a rod-shaped X-axis fixed mirror MX (reference mirror) is arranged on the side surface in the direction parallel to the Y-axis. Shown in Figure 3 In this manner, the fixed mirror MX is fixed to a region in the vicinity of the guide portion 16a on the reticle base 16 via a long and thin support member 29 along the Y axis.
- Fixed mirror MX as shown in FIG. 6, the density and the high density portion MXa of about 3 to 4 g / cm 3, which is 1/10 of the high density portion MXa 0. 3 to 0. The degree of 4g / cm 3
- the high density portion MXa (a portion where higher flatness is required locally than other portions) is substantially formed in the + X direction. Side force S parallel to the ZY plane, finished with extremely high flatness
- the reflective surface MXc is coated with a highly reflective film such as chromium.
- the density of the low density portion MXb is about 1/10.
- the density of the high density portion MXa is 1/20 to 1/5, that is, the density of the high density portion MXa is 3 if ⁇ 4g / cm 3, 0. 1 5-0 . 2g / cm 3 power, et 0. 6 ⁇ 0. 8g / cm 3 (as a whole 0. 15-0. 8g / cm 3) Dearuko and (Same below).
- the reflecting surface MXc in the high density portion MXa the fixed mirror MX can be sufficiently reduced in weight and the flatness of the reflecting surface can be maintained high.
- the density of the high density portion may be other than 3-4 g / cm 3 , and the density of the low density portion may simply be lower than that of the high density portion. Even in this case, the effect of reducing the weight of the member (here, the fixed mirror MX) as a whole can be obtained while maintaining the flatness or rigidity of the necessary portion high.
- the fixed mirror MX can be manufactured, for example, by bringing a high-density part MXa having a small hole ratio and a low-density part MXb having a large hole ratio into close contact with each other, followed by baking.
- Other members of this example made of a material with a different density can be manufactured in the same manner.
- the density of the fixed mirror MX is high at the part including the reflective surface MXc and low at other points. Therefore, the density may be continuously decreased from the part of the reflective surface MXc to the side surface on the opposite side. .
- the fixed mirror MX and the density distribution described below are uniform! /
- sintered metal can be used in addition to porous ceramics. Examples of the sintered metal material of the present invention include aluminum, magnesium, iron, copper, tungsten, stainless steel, and alloys thereof.
- FIG. 4 (A) the first optical system 31 on the reticle stage RST 31 is shown in FIG. 4 (A).
- the X-axis first receiver 69XA consisting of a laser light source 69XL and a photoelectric sensor is placed so that it faces the + Y direction with respect to the second optical system 32 on the reticle stage RST.
- An X-axis second receiver 69XB made of a photoelectric sensor is arranged so as to face the direction.
- a laser for measurement including two laser beams having a predetermined frequency difference at a wavelength of 633 nm (He-Ne laser) and polarization directions orthogonal to each other, almost parallel to the Y-axis, laser light source 69XL force, etc.
- the first optical system 31 is irradiated with the beam LX.
- the first optical system 31 splits the incident laser beam LX into first and second laser beams, and further splits the former first laser beam into two X-axis first measurement beams and first laser beams according to the polarization state. Divide into 1 reference beam.
- the first optical system 31 irradiates the reflecting surface of the fixed mirror MX with the first measurement beam parallel to the X axis in a double-pass manner, and interference between the reflected first measurement beam and the first reference beam.
- the first receiver 69XA is irradiated with light approximately parallel to the Y axis.
- the first optical system 31 irradiates the second optical system 32 with the second laser beam after the division.
- the second optical system 32 divides the incident second laser beam into two X-axis second measurement beams and second reference beams according to the polarization state. Then, the second optical system 32 irradiates the second measurement beam on the reflecting surface of the fixed mirror MX in a double pass manner parallel to the X axis, and interferes with the reflected second measurement beam and the second reference beam. Is irradiated to the second receiver 69XB almost parallel to the Y axis.
- the positions of the first and second measurement beams in the Z direction substantially coincide with the neutral plane C T (reticle plane).
- the receivers 69XA and 69XB photoelectrically convert the incident interference light, respectively, so that the optical systems 31 and 32 (that is, the reticle stage RST in the Y direction of the reticle stage RST) with the fixed mirror MX (that is, the reticle base 16) as a reference.
- the coordinate (displacement) in the X direction (at two distant locations) is always measured with a resolution of, for example, about 0. Inm.
- the position XR of the reticle stage RST in the X direction and the rotation angle (chowing) 6 zR around the Z axis are obtained, and these positional information XR, 6 zR are supplied to the stage control system 90 in FIG.
- optical systems 31 and 32 are installed on reticle stage RST, and rod-shaped fixed mirror MX is placed outside to reduce the weight of reticle stage RST and to stabilize reticle stage RST faster. Can be driven.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of reticle stage system 12 of FIG. 1 as viewed in the Y direction.
- a fixed mirror Mrx is provided via a mounting member 92, and the projection optics is arranged so as to face the fixed mirror Mrx.
- X axis for system PL The laser interferometer 69XR is supported by a column (not shown). Then, the measurement beam from the laser interferometer 69XR is projected to the fixed mirror Mrx through the through hole (optical path) 71 formed in the reticle base 16, and the reflected light returns into the laser interferometer 69XR.
- the laser interferometer 69XR receives the interfering light between the internally generated reference beam and its reflected light with the internal photoelectric sensor. Based on the detection signal of the photoelectric sensor, the laser interferometer 69XR constantly measures the position of the projection optical system PL in the X direction with the internal reference plane as a reference, for example, with a resolution of about 0. Inm. The measurement result is supplied to the stage control system 90 in FIG. In the stage control system 90, for example, the position of the reticle stage RST in the X direction relative to the projection optical system PL is obtained by obtaining a difference between the position of the reticle stage RST in the X direction and the position of the projection optical system PL in the X direction. Can be requested.
- the laser beam reflected by the fixed mirror Mrx on the side surface of the projection optical system PL in FIG. May be used as a reference beam.
- the interference light between the reference beam and the measurement beam reflected by the fixed mirror MX may be detected by the receivers 69XA and 69XB, respectively. This makes it possible to directly measure the position of reticle stage RST in the X direction using projection optical system PL as a reference.
- a concave portion 24g is formed at the end of the plate-like portion 24A of the reticle stage body 22 in the Y direction, and a corner mirror as a Y-axis moving mirror is formed in the concave portion 24g.
- a retro reflector MY is provided.
- the measurement beam LY from the laser interferometer 69Y is projected onto the reflecting surface of the retroreflector MY parallel to the Y axis, and the reflected light returns into the laser interferometer 69Y.
- the position in the Z direction of the irradiation point of the measurement beam LY almost coincides with the position of the neutral plane CT (reticle plane).
- the laser interferometer 69Y photoelectrically detects the interference light between the measurement beam LY and the internally generated reference beam, thereby detecting the Y-direction position YR of the reticle stage RST (reticle stage body 22).
- the surface is always measured with a resolution of about 0. Inm, and the measurement result is supplied to the stage control system 90 in FIG.
- a fixed mirror Mry is provided via a mounting member on the side surface in the + Y direction near the upper end of the lens barrel of the projection optical system PL, and faces the fixed mirror Mry.
- the Y-axis laser interferometer 69YR for the projection optical system PL is arranged.
- the measurement beam from the laser interferometer 69YR is projected to the fixed mirror My through the through hole (optical path) formed in the reticle base 16, and the reflected light returns into the laser interferometer 69YR.
- the internal photoelectric sensor receives the interference light between the internally generated reference beam and its reflected light.
- the laser interferometer 69YR Based on the detection signal of the photoelectric sensor, the laser interferometer 69YR constantly measures the position of the projection optical system PL in the Y direction with a resolution of, for example, about 0.1 nm, using the internal reference plane as a reference. Then, the measurement result is supplied to the stage control system 90.
- the stage control system 90 determines the position of the reticle stage RST in the Y direction with respect to the projection optical system PL, for example, by calculating the difference between the position of the reticle stage RST in the Y direction and the position of the projection optical system PL in the Y direction. Can be sought.
- the laser beam reflected by fixed mirror Mry on the side surface of projection optical system PL in FIG. 1 is used as a reference beam. Therefore, the interference light between the reference beam and the measurement beam reflected by the retroreflector MY may be detected by the laser interferometer 69Y. As a result, the position of reticle stage RST in the Y direction can be directly measured using projection optical system PL as a reference.
- the four extending portions 24C1, 24C2, 24D1, and 24D2 in FIG. 4A have a substantially plate shape, and each extending portion has a triangular cross section for improving the strength. Shaped reinforcing parts (ribs) are provided.
- a first differential exhaust type gas hydrostatic bearing is formed across the entire area in the Y direction from the extended portion 24C1 to the extended portion 24D1, and extends from the extended portion 24C2.
- a second differential exhaust type hydrostatic bearing is formed across the entire Y direction leading to the part 24D2.
- Dynamic exhaust type air pads 33A and 33B are arranged!
- the upper surface G is balanced by the balance between the static pressure of the pressurized gas sprayed onto the GP and the total weight of the reticle stage RST.
- Reticle stage RST is levitated and supported in a non-contact manner via a clearance of several meters above P.
- annular concave grooves 18d, 18e are formed in a double manner.
- a plurality of air inlets are formed inside the inner groove (air supply groove) 18d
- a plurality of air outlets are formed in the outer groove (exhaust groove) 18e. (Shown) is formed.
- An air supply port formed inside the air supply groove 18d is connected to a gas supply device (not shown) that supplies a purge gas via an air supply line (not shown) and an air supply tube.
- the exhaust port formed in the exhaust groove 18e is connected to a vacuum pump (not shown) via an exhaust pipe and an exhaust pipe (not shown).
- the lighting system side plate 14 of FIG. 1 is supported by floating on the upper surface of the frame member 18 through a clearance of about several inches.
- a differential exhaust type static gas bearing is constructed.
- an air supply groove and an exhaust groove (not shown) each including a substantially annular groove are formed on the bottom surface of the frame-shaped member 18 so as to correspond to the air supply groove 18d and the exhaust groove 18e on the upper surface.
- These air supply grooves and exhaust grooves are also connected to a purge gas supply device and a vacuum pump (not shown), respectively.
- a differential exhaust-type gas static pressure bearing that floats and supports the frame-like member 18 on the upper surface of the reticle base 16 via a clearance of about several ⁇ is configured including the air supply groove and the exhaust groove. Yes. In these cases, a flow of gas and gas flows from the air supply groove 18d etc. to the exhaust groove 18e etc., so it is effective that outside air is mixed into the frame-like member 18 through these clearances. It is blocked.
- the clearance between the frame-shaped member 18 and the illumination system side plate 14 in FIG. 1 and the clearance between the reticle base 16 and the frame-shaped member 18 are airtight due to the flow of the purge gas described above. It becomes. Further, a space between the upper end portion of the projection optical system PL and the reticle base 16 is covered with the sealing member 98 described above. Accordingly, the space surrounded by the frame-like member 18 is a very dense space. Hereinafter, the space surrounded by the frame-like member 18 is referred to as an airtight space for convenience.
- a gas supply device (not shown) and a vacuum pump are used.
- the purge gas that transmits the exposure light is supplied.
- a rectangular opening 18a is formed at the end of the side wall on the + Y direction side of the frame-shaped member 18, and a window glass gl is fitted into the rectangular opening 18a.
- rectangular openings 18b and 18c are formed at the end and center of the side wall of the frame-shaped member 18 on the Y direction side, and window glasses g2 and g3 are fitted into the rectangular openings 18b and 18c, respectively. Yes.
- the laser light source 69XL and the receiver 69XA are actually arranged outside the rectangular aperture 18a in Fig. 3, and the receiver 69XB and the laser interferometer 69Y are respectively shown in Fig. 3.
- the position of the reticle stage RST can be measured by a laser interferometer that does not impair the airtightness of the airtight space in the frame-shaped member 18.
- the reticle stage drive system drives the reticle stage RST in the Y direction and a pair of first drives that finely drive in the ⁇ z direction (rotation direction around the Z axis).
- Drive mechanisms 36 and 38 and a second drive mechanism 40 that finely drives reticle stage RST in the X direction are provided.
- the stage control system 90 in FIG. 1 is measured by the above laser interferometer.
- the reticle stage RST X- and Y-positions XR and YR, and the rotation angle ⁇ ZR about the Z-axis and the main controller Based on the control information from 70, the operation of the first and second drive mechanisms is controlled.
- the former first drive mechanisms 36, 38 are installed in the frame member 18 in parallel with each other along the Y direction, and the latter second drive mechanism 40 is installed in the frame member 18 inside. 1 Installed along the Y direction on the + X direction side of the drive mechanism 38.
- the one first drive mechanism 36 includes a stator unit 136A, 136B in which a pair of coil units each having the Y direction as a longitudinal direction are arranged, and these A pair of fixing members 152 that hold the stator units 136A and 136B at one end and the other end in the Y direction (longitudinal direction).
- the stator units 136A and 136B are held by the pair of fixing members 152 so as to face each other at a predetermined interval in the Z direction (vertical direction) and to be parallel to the XY plane.
- Each of the pair of fixing members 152 is fixed to the inner wall surface of the frame-shaped member 18 described above.
- the stator units 136A and 136B are in the vicinity of the reticle stage main body 22 shown in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 5, which is a cross-sectional view of the above, it has a frame made of a non-magnetic material having a rectangular cross section (rectangular shape), and a plurality of coils are arranged in the Y direction at predetermined intervals. .
- the first drive mechanism 38 on the + X direction side is also configured in the same manner as the first drive mechanism 36 on the one side.
- the first drive mechanism 38 maintains a predetermined distance in the Z direction between the stator units 138A and 138B in which a pair of upper and lower coil units each having the Y direction as the longitudinal direction are arranged, and these stator units 138A and 138B.
- a pair of fixing members 154 that are fixed at both ends are provided.
- Each of the pair of fixing members 154 is fixed to the inner wall surface of the frame-shaped member 18 described above.
- the stator units 138A and 138B are configured in the same manner as the stator units 136A and 136B described above (see FIG. 5).
- reticle stage RST is interposed between upper stator units 136A and 138A and lower stator units 136B and 138B via predetermined clearances, respectively. It is arranged.
- mover units 26A and 26B each having a pair of magnet units are fixed to the upper and lower surfaces of reticle stage RST so as to face stator units 136A and 136B, respectively.
- mover units 28A and 28B each having a pair of magnet units are fixed on the upper and lower surfaces of the reticle stage RST.
- the magnet units of the mover units 26A, 26B and 28A, 28B units in which a plurality of permanent magnets that generate magnetic fields in the Z direction are arranged in the Y direction while reversing the polarity at a predetermined pitch are used. ing. Use an electromagnet or the like instead of the permanent magnet.
- each of the mover units 26A and 26B has a reticle stage body 22 on the X direction side of the stepped opening 22a of the plate-like portion 24A of the reticle stage body 22 described above. They are arranged in the recesses 24el and 24e2 formed on the upper and lower surfaces symmetrically with respect to the neutral plane CT.
- the stator units 136A and 136B shown in FIG. 5 are positioned almost symmetrically with respect to the neutral plane CT as a reference.
- An alternating magnetic field is formed along the Y direction in the space above the mover unit 26A and in the space below the mover unit 26B.
- Both end portions of 24e2 are high density portions 22el and 22e2, and concave portions 44 are formed in the high density portions 22el and 22e2, respectively.
- a metal screw bush 45 is embedded in these recesses 44 and fixed by, for example, adhesion.
- Screw bushes (not shown) are also embedded in the bottom surfaces of the high-density portions 22el and 22e2, and the movable unit 26B is fixed to the concave portion 24e2 with bolts at four locations.
- a herisert may be used instead of the screw bush.
- each of the pair of mover units 28A, 28B is provided on the + X direction side of the stepped opening 22a of the plate-like portion 24A of the reticle stage main body 22 as shown in FIG. 4 (B). Further, they are arranged in recesses 24fl and 24f2 formed on the upper and lower surface sides symmetrically with respect to the neutral plane CT of the reticle stage main body 22, respectively. Further, the first stator units 138A and 138B in FIG. 5 are located at substantially symmetrical positions with respect to the neutral plane CT.
- the configuration of the pair of mover units 28A and 28B is the same as that of the mover units 26A and 26B, and the space above the mover unit 28A and the space below the mover unit 28B are also in the Y direction. As a result, an alternating magnetic field is formed.
- concave portions 44 are formed in the high-density portions 22fl and 22f2, respectively.
- a metal screw bush 45 is embedded and fixed in these recesses 44, and a screw bush (not shown) is also embedded on the bottom side. Then, by tightening the four bolts 46 etc. through the mover units 28A and 28B into the screw holes of the screw bush 45 etc., the mover units 28A and 28B are fixed to the recesses 24fl and 24f2.
- FIG. 7 shows the reticle stage main body 22, and in FIG. 7, one concave portion 24el, 24e2 of the reticle stage main body 22 is cut out, and three ribs 22gl, 22 are included therein. g2 and 22g3 are installed. Further, high-density grooves 22el, 22e2, 22e3, 22e4 each having a recess are provided at both ends of the ribs 22gl and 22g3 on both sides.
- the other recess 24fl, 24f2 of the reticle stage main body 22 is also a cut-out part, in which three ribs, 22hl, 22h2, 22h3 are built, ribs on both sides IJ, 22hl and 22h3
- High-density portions 22fl, 22f2 and 22f3, 22f4 each having a concave portion 44 are provided at both ends thereof.
- the density of the high density portions 22el to 22e4 and 22fl to 22f4 is, for example, 3 to 4 g / cm 3
- the density of the other part of the reticle stage body 22 (low density portion) is about 1/10 of that of the high density portion. It is said that.
- the bottom surface of the central portion of reticle stage main body 22 is disposed opposite to guide portion 16a of reticle base 16 with a compressed gas layer interposed therebetween so as to form a gas bearing. . Therefore, the portion including the bottom surface of the central portion of reticle stage main body 22 may be a high-density portion so that higher flatness can be obtained. Similarly, the portion including the guide portion 16a of the reticle base 16 is a high-density portion, the other portion is a low-density portion, and the reticle base 16 is not uniform in density distribution! Yo! /
- the upper stator units 136A and 138A described above and the mover units 26A and 28A arranged to face the reticle stage main body 22 side are respectively A Y-axis linear motor 76A and a second Y-axis linear motor 78A are configured.
- a third Y-axis linear motor 76B and a fourth Y-axis linear motor 78B are respectively obtained from the lower stator units 136B and 138B and the corresponding mover units 26B and 28B on the reticle stage body 22 side. It is configured. That is, the first, second, third, and fourth Y-wheel linear motors 76A, 78A, 76B, and 78B as the one-axis driving devices, and the first driving mechanisms 36 and 38 are configured. ing.
- the stator unit 136A, 138A, 136B, 138B (stator), respectively, is used for the medium-to-white and the white-plate, and the movable member 26A. , 28 A, 26 ⁇ , 28 ⁇ (mover) generates thrust to drive in the ⁇ direction.
- the stator also moves slightly in the opposite direction to the mover. Therefore, in this specification, a member having a larger relative movement amount is referred to as a mover or a mover unit, and a member having a smaller relative movement amount is referred to as a stator or a stator unit. ! /
- the first, second, third, and fourth Y-axis linear motors 76A, 78A, 76B, and 78B have stator units 136A, 138A, 136B, and 138B (stator) shown in FIG. It is connected to the frame-shaped member 18.
- the mover units 26A, 28A, 26B, and 28B are fixed to a reticle stage RST (reticle stage body 22) as a movable stage in FIG.
- first and second Y-axis linear motors 76A and 78A are arranged substantially symmetrically apart from each other in the X direction so that the reticle R is sandwiched therebetween, and the reticle stage RST is moved relative to the frame member 18, respectively.
- Drive in the Y direction Further, the third and fourth Y-axis linear motors 76B and 78B are disposed so as to face the first and second Y-axis linear motors 76A and 78A, and are respectively relative to the frame-shaped member 18. Drive reticle stage RST in the Y direction.
- the frame-like member 18 to which the first drive mechanisms 36 and 38 in FIG. 2 are fixed is provided between the reticle base 16 on the bottom surface side and the illumination system side plate 14 on the top surface side. It is supported in a non-contact manner via a gas bearing. Therefore, when the reticle stage RST is driven in the Y direction by the Y-axis linear motors 76A, 78A, 76B, 78B, the frame member 18 slightly moves in the reverse direction so as to cancel the reaction force. This suppresses the generation of vibration when driving reticle stage RST. However, since the mass of the frame-shaped member 18 is considerably larger than the mass of the reticle stage RST, the amount of movement of the frame-shaped member 18 is small.
- the first and third Y-axis linear motors 76A and 76B and the second and fourth Y Axis linear motors 78A and 78B are synchronized to drive reticle stage RST in the Y direction with respect to frame-shaped member 18 with substantially equal thrust.
- the thrust generated by first and third Y-axis linear motors 76A and 76B and the second and fourth Y is controlled.
- the second drive mechanism 40 is a pair of fixed members whose longitudinal direction is the Y direction.
- Stator units 140A and 140B as a child, and a pair of fixing members 156 that hold these stator units 140A and 140B at one end and the other end in the Y direction (longitudinal direction).
- the stator units 140A and 140B are held by the pair of fixing members 156 so as to face each other at a predetermined interval in the Z direction (vertical direction) and to be parallel to the XY plane.
- Each of the pair of fixing members 156 is fixed to the inner wall surface of the frame-shaped member 18 described above.
- the stator units 140A and 140B have a frame made of a non-magnetic material having a rectangular cross section (rectangular shape), and a coil is disposed therein. As shown in Fig. 5, between the stator units 140A and 140B, a rectangular cross section (rectangular) as a mover fixed to the + X direction end of the reticle stage RST via a predetermined clearance, respectively.
- the permanent magnet 30 for generating a magnetic field in the Z-direction of the plate-like shape is disposed.
- a magnet unit comprising a magnetic member and a pair of flat permanent magnets fixed to the upper and lower surfaces thereof may be used.
- the permanent magnet 30 and the stator units 140A and 140B have substantially symmetrical shapes and arrangements with respect to the neutral plane CT (see FIGS. 4B and 5). Therefore, the electromagnetic force between the Z direction magnetic field formed by the permanent magnet 30 and the current flowing in the ⁇ direction through the coils constituting the stator units 140A and 140B respectively causes the X direction electromagnetic force (Lorentz Force), and the reaction force of this electromagnetic force becomes the thrust that drives the permanent magnet 30 (reticle stage RST) in the X direction. Also in this case, the frame-shaped member 18 slightly moves in the reverse direction so as to cancel the reaction force when driving the reticle stage RST in the X direction. Therefore, the occurrence of vibration when the reticle stage RST is driven in the X direction is also suppressed.
- the X direction electromagnetic force Li
- the reaction force of this electromagnetic force becomes the thrust that drives the permanent magnet 30 (reticle stage RST) in the X direction.
- the frame-shaped member 18 slightly moves in the reverse direction so as to cancel the reaction force when
- stator units 140A and 140B and the permanent magnet 30 constitute the moving magnet type X-axis voice coil motor 79 capable of minutely driving the reticle stage RST in the X direction.
- the second drive mechanism 40 is configured by the X-axis voice coil motor 79 as this drive device.
- the reticle stage RST in this example of FIG. 2 is supported so as to be relatively displaceable with three degrees of freedom in the X direction, the Y direction, and the ⁇ z direction in a guideless manner with respect to the frame-like member 18. It has become so. Then, in order to drive the reticle stage RST relative to the frame-shaped member 18, four-axis Y-axis linear motors 76A, 78A, 76B, 78B that generate thrust in the Y direction generate thrust in the X direction.
- a 5-axis drive unit consisting of a 1-axis X-axis voice coil motor 79 is provided.
- the mover further includes a magnet unit that forms a magnetic field in the Z direction on the side surface in the + X direction and the side surface in the + Y direction of the frame-shaped member 18 as shown in FIG. 60A, 60B, 60C are provided.
- the reticle base 16 passes through the support bases 64A, 64B, and 64C.
- a stator 62C including a coil for flowing is provided. Therefore, when a current in the Y direction is supplied to the coils in the stators 62A and 62B, a driving force in the X direction (reaction force of Lorentz force) acts on the movers 60A and 60B.
- the mover 60A and the stator 62A, and the mover 60B and the stator 62B constitute an X-direction drive trim motor composed of a moving magnet type voice coil motor.
- a driving force in the X direction acts on the movable element 60C.
- the mover 60C and the stator 62C constitute a Y-direction drive trim motor composed of a moving magnet type voice coil motor.
- the frame member 18 slightly moves so as to cancel the action. ⁇
- the position in the plane may gradually shift. Therefore, for example, by periodically returning the position of the frame-shaped member 18 to the center by using a trim motor including the mover 60A to 60C and the stator 62A to 62C, the position of the frame-shaped member 18 is changed from the reticle base 16. It can be prevented from coming off.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view of the main part showing a state where reticle stage RST of FIG. 4 (A) is placed on reticle base 16 of FIG.
- reticle stage RST (reticle The optical systems 31 and 32 are respectively fixed on the optical member support portions 24B1 and 24B2 separated from each other in the Y direction at the X direction end of the cottage body 22).
- the former first optical system 31 is a pentagonal prism having a mirror surface 31a, a polarization beam splitter surface 31b, an incident / exit surface 31c provided with a quarter-wave plate, and a total reflection surface 31d. Is the body.
- the latter second optical system 32 includes a pentagonal prism including a total reflection surface 32a, a polarization beam splitter surface 32b, an input / output surface 32c provided with a quarter-wave plate, and a total reflection surface 32d.
- the laser light source 69XL and the first receiver 69XA are arranged with the window glass gl in the + Y direction with respect to the first optical system 31, and the window glass g2 with the window glass g2 in the one Y direction with respect to the second optical system 32.
- the second receiver 69 XB is arranged.
- a fixed mirror MX is arranged on the reticle base 16 in parallel with the Y axis so as to face the optical systems 31 and 32 in the X direction.
- the P-polarized component of the first laser beam passes through the polarization beam splitter surface 31b as the first measurement beam LX1, passes through the entrance / exit surface 31c (1/4 wavelength plate), and is fixed to the fixed axis parallel to the X axis. Incident on the reflective surface of MX.
- the first measurement beam LX1 reflected there is incident on the reflecting surface of the fixed mirror MX again in parallel with the X axis via the incident / exit surface 31c, the polarization beam splitter surface 31b, the total reflection surface 31d, and the incident / exit surface 31c. To do.
- the receiver 69XA has the first measurement beam LX1 and the first reference beam L X2 Interference light (beat light) can be detected. Therefore, from the photoelectric conversion signal, the first optical system 31 (polarized beam splitter) for the fixed mirror MX is used by the double path interference method as described above.
- the position (displacement) in the X direction of the surface 31b) can be measured with a resolution of about 0.1 nm, for example.
- the second measurement beam LX3 reflected is incident on the reflecting surface of the fixed mirror MX again in parallel with the X axis through the incident / exit surface 32c, the polarized beam splitter surface 32b, the total reflection surface 32d, and the incident / exit surface 32c.
- the second measurement beam LX3 reflected again is converted to P-polarized light through the incident / exit surface 32c and total reflection surface 32d, and then transmitted through the polarization beam splitter surface 32b.
- the second measurement beam LX3 is synthesized coaxially with the second reference beam LX4. Is incident on the receiver 69XB.
- the receiver 69XB interferes with the second measurement beam LX3 and the second reference beam LX4.
- Light beat light
- the position (displacement) in the X direction of the second optical system 32 (one surface 32b of the polarization beam splitter) with respect to the fixed mirror MX can be measured from the photoelectric conversion signal with a resolution of about 0.1 nm, for example, by the double path interference method as described above. .
- the position (displacement) in the X direction with respect to the reticle base 16 can be measured with high accuracy at two positions separated in the Y direction of the reticle stage RST (reticle stage body 22) by the laser interferometer method. .
- a double-sided telecentric reduction system having a projection magnification of 1/4 or 1/5 or the like made of a catadioptric system is used.
- a reduced image of the pattern in the illumination area IAR of the reticle R through the projection optical system PL is placed on the object plane of the projection optical system PL under the exposure light IL, and the resist is It is transferred onto a strip! / On an exposure area IA on one shot area of a coated wafer W (substrate).
- the concave mirror 50 made of porous ceramics has a density of, for example, about 3 to 4 g / cm 3 , for example, a density of the high-density portion 50a including the reflecting surface 50c (a portion where higher flatness is required than other portions).
- the density of the other low density part 50b is 1/10. Therefore, the concave mirror 50 can be reduced in weight, and the flatness of the reflecting surface 50c can be increased.
- a plurality of mirrors such as a plane mirror for bending an optical path are provided. Therefore, these mirrors may also be formed of a material having a non-uniform density distribution by increasing the density of the part including the reflecting surface and decreasing the density of the other part. As a result, the flatness of the reflecting surface can be maintained high, and the overall exposure apparatus can be reduced in weight.
- the wafer stage system includes wafer stage WST, wafer base BS, a drive mechanism (not shown) for wafer stage WST, and a position measurement mechanism for wafer stage WST.
- Wafer stage WST is arranged in wafer chamber 80.
- the wafer chamber 80 is covered with a partition wall 71 in which a circular opening 71a for passing the lower end portion of the projection optical system PL is formed at a substantially central portion of the ceiling portion.
- the partition wall 71 is made of a material that is less degassed, such as stainless steel (SUS).
- SUS stainless steel
- the space around the ceiling wall opening 71a of the partition wall 71 and the flange portion FLG of the projection optical system PL are hermetically sealed with a flexible bellows 97. In this way, the inside of the wafer chamber 80 is isolated from the outside.
- a wafer base BS (guide portion) made of a surface plate is supported substantially horizontally via a plurality of vibration isolation units 86.
- Wafer stage WST (movable part) holds wafer W by vacuum suction or the like via wafer holder 25, and is placed on wafer base BS via a gas static pressure bearing.
- Wafer stage WST is driven in the XY two-dimensional direction along the upper surface of wafer base BS by a wafer drive system (not shown) including, for example, a linear motor.
- a wafer drive system (not shown) including, for example, a linear motor.
- one end of an air supply pipe 41 and one end of an exhaust pipe 43 are connected to the partition wall 71 of the wafer chamber 80, respectively.
- a light transmission window 85 is provided on the side wall on the ⁇ Y direction side of the partition wall 71 of the wafer chamber 80. Similarly, a light transmission window is also provided on the side wall of the force partition 71 (not shown) on the + ⁇ side. Further, a reflecting surface 56 ⁇ formed of a plane mirror as a heel axis moving mirror is formed at the end of the wafer holder 25 on the heel direction side. Similarly, although not shown in the drawing, a reflection surface 56 ⁇ (see FIG.
- the axial laser interferometer 57 ⁇ and the X-axis laser interferometer (not shown) force outside the wafer chamber 80, their length measuring beam LWY equal force, etc. are respectively transmitted through the light transmission window 85 and the transmission window (not shown).
- the reflective surface 56 mm of the light and the X-axis reflective surface (not shown) are irradiated.
- the axial laser interferometer 57 and the X-axis laser interferometer respectively correspond to the position and rotation angle of the reflecting surface with reference to the internal reference mirror, that is, the position of the wafer W in the X direction, the vertical direction, and Measure the rotation angle around the X, ⁇ , and ⁇ axes.
- the measurement values of the X-axis laser interferometer 57 and the X-axis laser interferometer are supplied to the stage control system 90 and the main control device 70.
- the stage control system 90 uses the measurement values and the control information from the main control device 70 as the control information. Based on this, the position and speed of wafer stage WST are controlled via a drive system (not shown).
- wafer holder 25 mounted on wafer stage WST is formed of porous ceramics having a uniform density distribution! /.
- the density of the high-density part 25a (the part where higher flatness is required locally than other parts) including the reflective surfaces 56 mm and 56 mm (see Fig. 8) of the wafer holder 25 is, for example, about 3 to 4 g / cm 3
- the density of the other low density portions 25b is, for example, about 1/10 of the density.
- frame portions 25Fa and 25Fb on which reflecting surfaces 56X and 56Y are formed, and frame portions 25Fc and 25Fd facing these, are formed from high-density porous ceramics.
- the space SP between the ribs 25Ff of the frame frame 25F is filled with low-density porous ceramics, and the upper and lower portions are covered with thin / flat plates made of high-density porous ceramics.
- the wafer holder 25 can be reduced in weight as a whole after obtaining the surface quality.
- the frame and wafer base BS of wafer stage WST are each formed from a material with a non-uniform density distribution (for example, sintered metal), and the portion including the bottom surface of wafer stage WST is the high density portion WSTa, and the other portions.
- the low density part WSTb the part including the upper surface of the wafer base BS may be the high density part BSa, and the other part may be the low density part BSb.
- the wafer stage WST and the wafer base BS can be reduced in weight as a whole, and high / flatness can be obtained in the portion constituting the gas bearing.
- the portion where the screw bushing is installed is the high-density portion and the other portions are low.
- the density part As the density part,
- reticle loading and wafer loading are performed by a reticle loader and wafer loader (not shown). Thereafter, reticle alignment and wafer alignment are performed using a reticle alignment system, a reference mark plate on the wafer stage WST, an off-axis alignment detection system (both not shown), and the like.
- the wafer stage WST is moved so as to be the scanning start position for the exposure of the first shot area (first 'shot) on the wafer W.
- the reticle stage RST is moved so that the position of the reticle R becomes the scanning start position.
- the stage control system 90 uses the reticle-side laser interferometers 69Y and 69YR to measure the position information of the reticle R and the wafer-side Y-axis laser interferometer 57Y and X-axis laser. Based on the position information of wafer W measured by the interferometer, reticle R (reticle stage RST) and wafer W (wafer stage WST) are moved synchronously in the Y direction (scanning direction) and irradiated with exposure light IL. Thus, scanning exposure to the first shot is performed.
- the wafer stage WST is moved to the next shot area. Scanning exposure is performed. In this manner, the step movement between the shots and the scanning exposure are sequentially repeated, and the pattern of the reticle R is transferred to each shot area on the wafer W.
- reticle stage RST and wafer stage WST can be reduced in weight.
- reticle stage RST and wafer stage WST can be moved at higher speed during scanning exposure, and the throughput of the exposure process is improved.
- the concave mirror 50 has been reduced in weight and the entire projection exposure apparatus has been reduced in weight, so that the projection exposure apparatus can be easily transported, installed, and assembled.
- reticle stage system 12 (reticle stage device) of this embodiment, reticle stage RST driven on reticle base 16 with reticle R mounted thereon is shown in FIG.
- the reticle stage main body 22 made of a material having a non-uniform density distribution, in which the portions to which the screw bush 45 is attached are the high density portions 22el to 22e4 and 22fl to 22f4. Therefore, it is possible to achieve further weight reduction without substantially reducing the strength or rigidity characteristics.
- the reticle stage system 12 is provided with a reticle base 16 for guiding the movement of the reticle stage RST and a guide mechanism including this support mechanism (not shown). Then, as shown in FIG. 5, the reticle base 16 in the guide mechanism can be made of a material having a uniform density distribution in which a portion including the guide portion 16a is a high-density portion. As a result, the force S can further reduce the weight of the reticle stage system 12 without substantially reducing the strength of the guide mechanism.
- the wafer stage WST driven on the wafer base BS with the wafer W mounted thereon is shown in FIG.
- a wafer holder 25 made of a material having a non-uniform density distribution is provided in which a portion where the reflecting surface 56Y is formed is a high density portion 25a. Therefore, it is possible to achieve further weight reduction without substantially reducing the flatness characteristics of the reflecting surface.
- the wafer stage system is a way for guiding the movement of the wafer stage WST. It has a guide mechanism including a hub base BS and an anti-vibration unit 86.
- the wafer base BS in the guide mechanism can be formed of a material having a non-uniform density distribution in which a portion including the upper surface (guide surface) is a high density portion BSa. This can further reduce the weight of the wafer stage system without substantially reducing the strength of the guide mechanism.
- the projection exposure apparatus 10 of the present embodiment is an exposure apparatus that illuminates the pattern of the reticle R with the exposure light IL, and exposes the wafer W with the exposure light through the pattern.
- the reticle stage system 12 and the wafer stage system of this embodiment are used. Accordingly, since the reticle stage RST and wafer stage WST can be reduced in weight, the reticle stage RST and wafer stage WST can be moved at a higher speed during scanning exposure, and the throughput of the exposure process is improved.
- one of the reticle stage system 12 and the wafer stage system is a regular stage system that does not include a member having a uniform density distribution and a member formed of a material! Good.
- the projection exposure apparatus 10 of the present embodiment irradiates the pattern of the reticle R with the exposure light IL via the illumination optical system IOP, and exposes the image of the pattern onto the wafer W via the projection optical system PL.
- the projection optical system PL has a concave mirror 50 (reflecting member, mirror), and the concave mirror 50 is configured such that the density of the high-density portion 50a including the reflecting surface 50c is higher than the density of other portions. Yes. Accordingly, it is possible to achieve further weight reduction of the exposure apparatus without substantially reducing the flatness of the reflecting surface and thus substantially reducing the imaging performance of the projection optical system PL.
- the mirror in the illumination optical system IOP is formed so that the density of the part including the reflecting surface is higher than the density of the other parts. May be. In this case, it is possible to further reduce the weight of the exposure apparatus without substantially reducing the illumination characteristics.
- the exposure apparatus as a whole is thus reduced in weight !, the transportation, installation, assembly, etc. of the exposure apparatus (projection exposure apparatus 10) are facilitated.
- the illumination optical system IOP or the projection light When the mirror in PL is formed so that the density of the part including the reflective surface is higher than the density of the other parts, the reticle stage system 12 and the wafer stage system have a uniform density distribution. Don't include parts made of materials! /, Normal stage system! /. Also in this case, the effect of reducing the weight of the entire exposure apparatus can be obtained.
- the microdevice when a microdevice such as a semiconductor device is manufactured using the exposure apparatus of the above-described embodiment, the microdevice performs step 201 of performing function-performance design of the microdevice, as shown in FIG.
- a mask (reticle) manufacturing step 202 based on this design step, a device substrate manufacturing step 203, and the projection exposure apparatus 10 (exposure apparatus) of the above-described embodiment form a mask pattern on the substrate.
- this microdevice manufacturing method uses the projection exposure apparatus 10 (exposure apparatus) of the above-described embodiment in at least a part of the formation process of the circuit pattern constituting the device.
- the stage system or the exposure apparatus is reduced in weight without substantially reducing the characteristics such as rigidity, strength, or flatness, so that the micro device can be mass-produced with high accuracy and high throughput. .
- the present invention can be similarly applied not only to a scanning exposure type exposure apparatus but also to a stage system of a batch exposure type exposure apparatus and a stage system such as a semiconductor inspection apparatus.
- the magnification of the projection optical system may be an equal magnification or an enlargement magnification.
- the present invention can be applied to a stage system of an exposure apparatus such as a proximity system that does not use a projection optical system.
- a liquid that transmits the exposure light between the projection optical system and the substrate during exposure is used.
- the present invention can also be applied to an immersion type exposure apparatus to be supplied.
- the structure necessary for the immersion exposure includes, for example, a liquid supply unit, a nozzle unit, and a liquid recovery unit.
- the mechanism necessary for the immersion exposure is, for example, a European patent in addition to the above mechanism. Publication No. 1420298, International Publication No. 2004/055803 Pamphlet, International Publication No. 2004/057590 Pamphlet, International Publication No. 2005/029559 Pamphlet (corresponding to US Patent Publication No.
- the movable stage when a linear motor is used for the wafer stage reticle stage, the movable stage may be held by any method such as an air floating type using an air bearing or a magnetic floating type. .
- the movable stage may be a type that moves along a guide, or may be a guideless type that does not have a guide.
- reaction force generated during acceleration / deceleration during step movement of wafer stage or reticle stage or scanning exposure for example, is disclosed in US Pat. No. 5,528,118 or US Pat. No. 6,020,710 ( As disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-33022), the frame member may be mechanically released to the floor (ground).
- the use of the exposure apparatus of the above-described embodiment is not limited to the exposure apparatus for manufacturing a semiconductor element, for example, a liquid crystal display element formed on a square glass plate, a plasma display, or the like. Widely used in exposure equipment for display devices and exposure equipment for manufacturing various devices such as image sensors (CCD, etc.), micromachines, thin film magnetic heads, MEMS (Microelectromechanical Systems), or DNA chips. Applicable. Furthermore, the present invention can also be applied to an exposure process (exposure apparatus) when a reticle (photomask or the like) on which a reticle pattern of various devices is formed using a photolithographic process.
- a reticle photomask or the like
- the exposure apparatus (projection exposure apparatus 10) of the above-described embodiment allows various subsystems including the constituent elements recited in the claims of the present application to have predetermined mechanical accuracy, electrical Manufactured by assembling to maintain accuracy and optical accuracy.
- optical accuracy was achieved for various optical systems before and after this assembly.
- Adjustments to achieve this adjustments to achieve mechanical accuracy for various mechanical systems, and adjustments to achieve electrical accuracy for various electrical systems.
- the assembly process from various subsystems to the exposure system includes mechanical connections, electrical circuit wiring connections, and pneumatic circuit piping connections between the various subsystems. It goes without saying that there is an assembly process for each subsystem before the assembly process from the various subsystems to the exposure apparatus.
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Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
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KR1020097002896A KR101236043B1 (ko) | 2006-07-14 | 2007-07-10 | 스테이지 장치, 노광 장치 및 디바이스 제조 방법 |
JP2008524797A JP5339056B2 (ja) | 2006-07-14 | 2007-07-10 | 露光装置及びデバイス製造方法 |
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JP2006194890 | 2006-07-14 | ||
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WO2008007660A1 true WO2008007660A1 (fr) | 2008-01-17 |
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PCT/JP2007/063721 WO2008007660A1 (fr) | 2006-07-14 | 2007-07-10 | Appareil à platine et appareil d'exposition |
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US (2) | US20080036989A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5339056B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101236043B1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI435180B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008007660A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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JP2015228519A (ja) * | 2009-08-07 | 2015-12-17 | 株式会社ニコン | 露光装置及び露光方法、並びにデバイス製造方法 |
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JP5315100B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-18 | 2013-10-16 | 株式会社ニューフレアテクノロジー | 描画装置 |
KR101741384B1 (ko) * | 2013-12-06 | 2017-05-29 | 에베 그룹 에. 탈너 게엠베하 | 기질들을 정렬하기 위한 장치 및 방법 |
KR102299921B1 (ko) | 2014-10-07 | 2021-09-09 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 광학 장치 |
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- 2007-07-12 US US11/826,144 patent/US20080036989A1/en not_active Abandoned
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JPWO2008007660A1 (ja) | 2009-12-10 |
US20100171941A1 (en) | 2010-07-08 |
KR20090052856A (ko) | 2009-05-26 |
KR101236043B1 (ko) | 2013-02-21 |
TWI435180B (zh) | 2014-04-21 |
TW200811611A (en) | 2008-03-01 |
JP5339056B2 (ja) | 2013-11-13 |
US20080036989A1 (en) | 2008-02-14 |
US8891056B2 (en) | 2014-11-18 |
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