WO2007108270A1 - 生体観測装置 - Google Patents
生体観測装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007108270A1 WO2007108270A1 PCT/JP2007/053088 JP2007053088W WO2007108270A1 WO 2007108270 A1 WO2007108270 A1 WO 2007108270A1 JP 2007053088 W JP2007053088 W JP 2007053088W WO 2007108270 A1 WO2007108270 A1 WO 2007108270A1
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- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 206
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00002—Operational features of endoscopes
- A61B1/00004—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by electronic signal processing
- A61B1/00009—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by electronic signal processing of image signals during a use of endoscope
- A61B1/000094—Operational features of endoscopes characterised by electronic signal processing of image signals during a use of endoscope extracting biological structures
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/0638—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements providing two or more wavelengths
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/0646—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements with illumination filters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/0655—Control therefor
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/24—Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/56—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof provided with illuminating means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/18—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/04—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
- A61B1/044—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances for absorption imaging
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/063—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements for monochromatic or narrow-band illumination
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04N23/50—Constructional details
- H04N23/555—Constructional details for picking-up images in sites, inaccessible due to their dimensions or hazardous conditions, e.g. endoscopes or borescopes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a living body observation apparatus that uses a color image signal obtained by capturing an image of a living body and displays it as a split image on a display device by signal processing.
- endoscope apparatuses that irradiate illumination light and obtain an endoscopic image in a body cavity have been widely used.
- an electronic endoscope having an imaging unit that guides illumination light from a light source device into a body cavity using a light guide or the like and images a subject using the return light is used.
- the imaging signal of the imaging unit force is signal-processed to display an endoscopic image on an observation monitor and observe an observation site such as an affected part.
- one method is to emit white light in the visible light region with a light source device, for example, through a rotary filter such as RGB, and so on.
- a color image is obtained by irradiating the subject with light and simultaneously processing the return light from the surface sequential light with a video processor.
- another method is to place a color chip in front of the imaging surface of the imaging section of the endoscope, and use a light source device to emit white light in the visible light region. The color light is obtained by separating the return light from the white light for each color component with a color chip and processing the image with a video processor.
- a living tissue has different light absorption characteristics and scattering characteristics depending on the wavelength of the irradiated light.
- dispersive spectroscopy of illumination light in the visible light region is performed.
- a narrow-band optical endoscope device that irradiates a living tissue with narrow-band RGB surface sequential light having a characteristic to obtain tissue information of a desired deep portion of the living tissue is disclosed.
- a process for reducing the amount of illumination light when obtaining a spectral image by the light amount control unit (for example, the amount of illumination light when obtaining a normal light observation image)
- the illumination light irradiation timing control, the optical chisba control, the lamp application current control, the electronic shutter control, etc. are performed, and the control for avoiding the saturation of the CCD as the imaging unit is performed.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described points, and an object thereof is to provide a living body observation apparatus capable of improving SZN in discrete spectral image generation using illumination light in the visible light region. .
- a living body observation apparatus includes: an illumination unit that irradiates light to a living body that is a subject; and photoelectric conversion of light reflected from the living body based on illumination light from Z or the illumination unit And a biological observation apparatus including a signal processing control unit that controls the operation of the imaging unit that generates the imaging signal and outputs the imaging signal to a display device,
- a spectral signal generation unit that generates a spectral signal corresponding to an optical wavelength narrow band image from the imaging signal by signal processing
- a color adjusting unit that adjusts a color tone for each of a plurality of bands forming the spectral signal when the spectral signal is output to the display device;
- a spectral characteristic control unit that controls the spectral characteristics of the light on the optical path
- FIG. 1 is an external view showing an external appearance of an electronic endoscope apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the electronic endoscope apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the transmission characteristics of the light quantity limiting filter in FIG.
- FIG. 4 Diagram showing the arrangement of color filters provided in front of the CCD in Fig. 2
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a matrix calculation method for calculating a matrix in the matrix calculation unit of FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the spectral characteristics of the spectral image generated by the matrix calculation unit in FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a layer direction structure of a biological tissue observed by the electronic endoscope apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the state in which the illumination light of the electronic endoscope apparatus in FIG. 2 reaches the living tissue in the layer direction.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the spectral characteristics of each band of RGB light during normal observation with the electronic endoscope apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 10 First diagram showing each band image by RGB light during normal observation in FIG.
- FIG. 11 Second diagram showing each band image with RGB light during normal observation in Fig. 9
- FIG. 12 Third diagram showing each band image with RGB light during normal observation in Fig. 9
- FIG. 13 First diagram showing each spectral image of FIG.
- FIG. 14 is a second diagram showing the spectral images of FIG.
- FIG. 16 is a first diagram illustrating a graphic user interface using the touch panel function of FIG.
- FIG. 17 is a second diagram illustrating a graphic user interface using the touch panel function of FIG.
- FIG. 18 is a third diagram illustrating a graphic user interface using the touch panel function of FIG.
- FIG. 19 is a fourth diagram illustrating a graphic user interface using the touch panel function of FIG.
- FIG.20 Graphic user interface using the touch panel function of Fig.2 5th figure to do
- FIG. 21 is a sixth diagram illustrating a graphic user interface using the touch panel function of FIG.
- FIG. 22 is a seventh diagram illustrating a graphic user interface using the touch panel function of FIG.
- FIG. 23 is an eighth diagram illustrating a graphic user interface using the touch panel function of FIG.
- FIG. 24 is a ninth diagram illustrating a graphic user interface using the touch panel function of FIG.
- FIG. 25 is a tenth diagram illustrating a graphic user interface using the touch panel function of FIG.
- FIG. 26 is an eleventh diagram illustrating a graphic user interface using the touch panel function of FIG.
- FIG. 27 is a twelfth diagram illustrating a graphic user interface using the touch panel function of FIG.
- ⁇ 28 A diagram for explaining the white balance processing of the spectral image generated by the matrix calculation unit in FIG.
- FIG. 29 is a thirteenth diagram illustrating a graphic user interface using the touch panel function of FIG.
- FIG. 30 is a fourteenth diagram illustrating a graphic user interface using the touch panel function of FIG.
- FIG. 31 is a diagram showing a configuration of a board slot on the back of the endoscope apparatus main body of FIG.
- FIG. 35 is a diagram showing an example of a wavelength selection dedicated keyboard that can be connected to the endoscope apparatus body of FIG.
- FIG. 36 is a diagram showing an arrangement of a variation of the color filter in FIG.
- FIG. 37 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electronic endoscope apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 38 is a diagram showing the configuration of the RGB rotation filter in FIG.
- FIG. 39 is a diagram showing the spectral characteristics of light transmitted through the RGB rotation filter in FIG. 38 when the light amount limiting filter in the first spectral image generation mode is not on the optical path.
- FIG. 3 shows the case where the light amount limiting filter, which is the second spectral image generation mode, is on the optical path.
- FIG. 41 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a modified example of the electronic endoscope apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 42 is a diagram showing the configuration of the RGB rotation filter in FIG.
- FIG. 43 is a diagram showing a configuration of a variation of the RGB rotation filter in FIG.
- FIGS. 1 to 36 relate to the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 1 is an external view showing the external appearance of the electronic endoscope apparatus
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the electronic endoscope apparatus of FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the transmission characteristics of the light quantity limiting filter in FIG. 2
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the arrangement of the color filters provided in front of the CCD in FIG. 2
- FIG. 5 is a matrix for calculating the matrix in the matrix calculation unit in FIG.
- Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the spectral characteristics of the spectral image generated by the matrix calculation unit of Fig. 2
- Fig. 7 is the layer direction of the biological tissue observed by the electronic endoscope device of Fig. 2.
- Fig. 1 is an external view showing the external appearance of the electronic endoscope apparatus
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the electronic endoscope apparatus of FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the transmission characteristics of the light quantity limiting filter in FIG. 2
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the structure
- Fig. 8 is a diagram for explaining the state in which the illumination light from the electronic endoscope apparatus of Fig. 2 arrives in the layer direction of the living tissue
- Fig. 9 is a normal observation with the electronic endoscope apparatus of Fig. 2
- Fig. 10 shows the spectral characteristics of each band of RGB light at times
- Fig. 10 shows the RGB light during normal observation in Fig. 9.
- FIG. 6 is a first diagram showing each band image according to FIG.
- FIG. 11 is a second diagram showing each band image by RGB light during normal observation in FIG. 9, and FIG. 12 is a third diagram showing each band image by RGB light during normal observation in FIG. 13 is a first diagram showing each spectral image in FIG. 6, and FIG. 14 is a second diagram showing each spectral image in FIG. 15 is a third diagram showing each spectral image of FIG. 6,
- FIG. 16 is a first diagram illustrating the graphic user interface using the touch panel function of FIG. 2
- FIG. 17 is a diagram of the touch panel function of FIG. Fig. 18 illustrates the graphic user interface
- Fig. 18 illustrates the graphic user interface using the touch panel function of Fig. 2
- Fig. 19 illustrates the touch panel function of Fig. 2.
- FIG. 20 is a fourth diagram illustrating the graphic user interface
- FIG. 20 is a fifth diagram illustrating the graphic user interface using the function of the touch panel of FIG.
- FIG. 21 is a sixth diagram illustrating a graphic user interface using the touch panel function of FIG. 2, and FIG. 22 is a seventh graphic user interface using the touch panel function of FIG. Fig. 23 shows the graphic user interface using the touch panel function of Fig. 2, and Fig. 24 shows the graphic user interface using the touch panel function of Fig. 2.
- Fig. 25 and Fig. 25 show the graphic user interface that uses the touch panel function of Fig. 2, and Fig. 26 shows the graphic user interface that uses the touch panel function of Fig. 11.
- Fig. 27 is a twelfth diagram illustrating the graphic user interface that uses the touch panel functions of Fig. 2, and Fig. 28 is the mat of Fig. 2.
- Fig. 22 is a seventh graphic user interface using the touch panel function of FIG.
- Fig. 23 shows the graphic user interface using the touch panel function of Fig. 2
- Fig. 24 shows the graphic user interface using the touch panel function of Fig. 2.
- Fig. 25 and Fig. 25 show the graphic user interface
- FIG. 29 is a diagram for explaining the white balance processing of the spectral image generated by the RIX operation unit.
- Fig. 29 is a thirteenth diagram for explaining the graphic user interface using the touch panel function of Fig. 2.
- FIG. 14 is a fourteenth diagram illustrating a graphic user interface using functions.
- FIG. 31 is a diagram showing a configuration of a board slot on the back of the endoscope apparatus main body of FIG. 1, and FIG. 32 is a first diagram illustrating an additional function menu of a function expansion board installed in the board slot of FIG. Fig. 33 is a second diagram for explaining the additional function menu of the function expansion board installed in the board slot of Fig. 31, and Fig. 34 is an additional card for the function expansion board installed in the board slot of Fig. 31.
- Fig. 3 illustrates the function menu
- Fig. 35 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wavelength selection dedicated keyboard that can be connected to the endoscope apparatus body of Fig. 2
- Fig. 36 is a variation of the color filter of Fig. 4. It is a figure which shows an arrangement
- an electronic endoscope apparatus as a living body observation apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention, light is applied to a living body that is an illumination light source, and reflected from the living body based on the irradiated light.
- This is a spectral signal corresponding to an optical narrow-band image from the image signal by generating an image signal that is a color image signal by receiving light with a solid-state image sensor that is an imaging unit and photoelectrically converting it.
- a spectral image signal (hereinafter also simply referred to as a spectral image) is generated by signal processing.
- an electronic endoscope apparatus 100 includes an endoscope 101 as an observation unit, an endoscope apparatus body 105, and a display monitor 106 as a display apparatus.
- the endoscope 101 is provided at the distal end of the insertion portion 102 to be inserted into the body of the subject, the distal end portion 103 provided at the distal end of the insertion portion 102, and the distal end side of the insertion portion 102. It is mainly composed of an angle operation unit 104 for instructing a bending operation and the like of 103.
- the image of the subject acquired by the endoscope 101 which is a flexible endoscope, is subjected to predetermined signal processing by the endoscope apparatus body 105, and the processed image is displayed on the display monitor 106.
- the display section of the display monitor 106 is provided with a touch panel 106a, which displays various setting screens on the display section of the display monitor 106, and is a graphic using the pointing device function (hereinafter referred to as the touch panel function) of the touch panel 106a.
- An interface is realized.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the electronic endoscope apparatus 100.
- the endoscope apparatus main body 105 mainly includes a light source section 41 as an illumination section, a control section 42 as a signal processing control section, and a main body processing apparatus 43.
- the control unit 42 and the main body processing device 43 control the operation of the light source unit 41 and Z or the CCD 21 as the imaging unit, output an image signal to the display monitor 106 which is a display device, and control the touch panel function of the touch panel 106a.
- the signal processing control unit is configured.
- the control unit 42 stores various data and is connected to the data storage unit 44.
- the endoscope apparatus main body 105 which is a single unit, is described as having a light source section 41 and a main body processing apparatus 43 that performs image processing or the like. 41 1 and the main body processing device 43 may be configured to be removable as separate units from the endoscope device main body 105.
- the light source unit 41 which is an illumination unit, is connected to the control unit 42 and the endoscope 101, and the control unit Based on the signal from 42, irradiate with white light (not completely white light !, including cases) with a predetermined amount of light.
- the light source unit 41 includes a lamp 15 as a white light source, an infrared cut filter 15a, and a light amount limiting filter 16 as a spectral characteristic control unit that limits the amount of light in a predetermined wavelength range of white light inserted into and removed from the optical path. And a filter insertion / removal drive unit 17 that detaches the light amount limiting filter 16 on the optical path, and a condenser lens 18 that emits white light.
- FIG. 3 shows the transmission characteristics of the light quantity limiting filter 16.
- the light amount limiting filter 16 restricts the transmittance in other bands to 50% when the transmittance in the blue band is 100%.
- the endoscope 101 connected to the light source unit 41 via the connector 11 includes an object lens 19 and a solid-state imaging device 21 such as a CCD (hereinafter simply referred to as a CCD) at the distal end portion 103.
- a CCD solid-state imaging device 21
- the CCD 21 in this embodiment is a single plate type (CCD used for a simultaneous electronic endoscope) and is a primary color type.
- FIG. 4 shows the arrangement of the color filters arranged on the imaging surface of the CCD 21.
- the color filter disposed on the imaging surface of the CCD 21 constitutes a color separation unit.
- the insertion unit 102 internally contains a light guide 14 that guides the light emitted from the light source unit 41 to the front end 103 and an image of the subject obtained by the CCD 21.
- a signal line for transmission to the main body processing device 43, a forceps channel 28 for performing treatment, and the like are provided.
- a forceps port 29 for inserting forceps into the forceps channel 28 is provided in the vicinity of the operation unit 104.
- the operation unit 104 includes an ID unit 110 that stores the type information of the endoscope 101 therein.
- the operation unit 104 is provided with an instruction switch unit 111 for instructing various operations on the outer surface.
- the instruction switch unit 111 has at least a mode switching switch for instructing a spectral image generation mode to be described later for generating a spectral image with improved SZN.
- the main body processing device 43 as a signal processing device for the living body observation device is connected to the endoscope 101 via the connector 11, similarly to the light source unit 41.
- the main body processing device 43 includes a CCD drive 431 for driving the CCD 21 in the endoscope 101.
- the main body processing device 43 has a luminance signal processing system and a color signal processing system as signal circuit systems for obtaining a color image which is a normal image.
- the luminance signal processing system of the main body processing device 43 is connected to the CCD 21, A contour correction unit 432 that performs contour correction on the image pickup signal, and a luminance signal processing unit 434 that generates a luminance signal from the data corrected by the contour correction unit 432. Further, the color signal processing system of the main body processing device 43 is connected to the CCD 21, performs sampling and the like of the imaging signal obtained by the CCD 21, and generates RGB signals, and sample hold circuits (SZH circuits) 433 a to 433 a 433c, and a color signal processing unit 435 that is connected to the outputs of the SZH circuits 433a to 433c and generates color signals.
- SZH circuits sample hold circuits
- the main body processing device 43 includes a normal image generation unit 437 that generates a color image, which is one normal image, from the outputs of the luminance signal processing system and the color signal processing system.
- the normal image generation unit 437 outputs a Y signal as a luminance signal, an R—Y signal and a B—Y signal as color difference signals to the display image generation unit 439, and outputs a Y signal, an R—Y signal, and a B—Y signal.
- the display image generation unit 439 generates a normal image signal of a color image that is a normal image displayed on the display monitor 106.
- the main body processing device 43 receives outputs (RGB signals) of the SZH circuits 433a to 433c as a signal circuit system for obtaining a spectral image signal which is a spectral signal, and a predetermined matrix for the RGB signals. It has a matrix calculation unit 436 as a spectral signal generation unit that performs calculation.
- the matrix calculation in the matrix calculation unit 436 is a process of performing addition processing or the like between color image signals and multiplying a matrix obtained by a matrix calculation method described later.
- force S which describes a method using electronic circuit processing (processing by hardware using an electronic circuit), numerical data processing (using a program) It may be a method using software processing).
- these methods can be combined in the implementation.
- the spectral image signals F1 to F3, which are outputs of the matrix calculation unit 436, are subjected to color adjustment calculation by the color adjustment unit 440, which is a color adjustment unit.
- Gch, and Bch are generated.
- the generated spectral color channel image signals Rch, Gch, and Bch are output to the RGB color channels R- (ch), G- (ch), and B- (ch) of the display monitor 106 via the display image generator 439. Sent.
- the display image generation unit 439 is a display composed of a normal image and a Z or spectral image. An image is generated and the display image is output to the display monitor 106, and switching display between the spectral images is also possible.
- the operator can use the normal image, the spectral color channel image with color channel R- (ch), the spectral color channel image with color channel G- (ch), and the spectral color channel image with color channel B- (ch). Display can be selectively displayed on the monitor 106. In addition, any two or more images may be displayed on the display monitor 106 at the same time.
- spectral channel images normal images and spectral color channel images (hereinafter also referred to as spectral channel images) can be displayed at the same time, it is possible to easily compare normal images and spectral channel images that are generally observed.
- Each feature a feature of a normal image is observed with a color degree close to that of a normal naked eye.
- a feature of a spectral channel image cannot be observed with a normal image, and a predetermined blood vessel or the like can be observed.
- And can be observed, which is very useful for diagnosis.
- FIG. 5 shows a color image signal (here, R'G'B for simplicity of explanation, but as will be described later, in a complementary color solid-state imaging device, G'Cy'Mg'Ye
- FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing a signal flow when generating a spectral image signal corresponding to an image corresponding to an image having a narrower optical wavelength band.
- vectors and matrices are written in bold letters or “” (for example, matrix A is written as “Bold letters in A” or “A”), and the others are written without character modification.
- the electronic endoscope apparatus 100 converts the color sensitivity characteristic as the spectral sensitivity characteristic of each imaging unit of R′G′B into numerical data.
- the color sensitivity characteristic of R'G'B is the output characteristic with respect to the wavelength obtained when a white object is imaged using a white light source.
- the color sensitivity characteristics of R'G'B are shown on the right side of each image data as a simplified graph. At this time, the color sensitivity characteristics of R'G'B are the n-dimensional column vectors “R”, “G”, and “B”, respectively.
- Spectral image narrow band Pandpass filter Fl 'F2' The filter characteristics at this time are n-dimensional column vectors “F1”, “F2” and “F3”, respectively.
- equation (4) can be viewed as a simultaneous equation for the matrix “ ⁇ ” and its solution is
- the electronic endoscope apparatus 100 performs the conversion of the left side of the equation (3) to thereby extract the narrow-band Pand-pass filter Fl 'F2.
- the characteristics of F3 can be approximated.
- the matrix calculation unit 436 uses the matrix calculated in this way to generate a spectral image signal from the normal color image signal.
- the filter removal drive unit 17 sets the light amount limiting filter 16 at a position where the force on the optical path is also removed.
- the luminous flux from the lamp 15 passes through the infrared cut filter 15a into the connector 11 at the connection between the endoscope 101 and the light source 41 by the condenser lens 18 that does not pass through the light quantity limiting filter 16.
- the light is collected at the incident end of the light guide 14 that is the provided optical fiber bundle.
- the condensed light flux passes through the light guide 14 and is irradiated into the body of the subject from the illumination optical system provided at the distal end portion 103.
- the irradiated light beam is reflected in the subject and the objective lens 1 Through 9, the CCD 21 collects signals for each of the color filters shown in FIG.
- the collected signals are input in parallel to the luminance signal processing system and the color signal processing system.
- the luminance signal-based contour correction unit 432 calculates and inputs signals collected for each color filter for each pixel, and after contour correction, the signals are input to the luminance signal processing unit 434.
- the luminance signal processing unit 434 a luminance signal is generated and input to the normal image generating unit 437.
- signals collected by the CCD 21 are input to the SZH circuits 433a to 433c for each filter, and R'G'B signals are respectively generated. Further, the R'G'B signal is generated by a color signal processing unit 435, and a normal image generation unit 437 generates a Y signal, an R—Y signal, and a B—Y signal from the luminance signal and the color signal. Then, the display image generation unit 439 displays a normal image of the subject on the display monitor 106.
- the first spectral image generation mode is a mode in which the light flux from the lamp 15 is not transmitted through the light amount limiting filter 16 as in the case of normal image generation.
- the second spectral image generation mode is a mode in which the light beam from the lamp 15 is transmitted through the light amount limiting filter 16.
- the control unit 42 sets the spectral image generation mode to the first spectral image generation mode.
- the control unit 42 drives and controls the filter insertion / removal drive unit 17 and arranges the filter insertion / removal drive unit 17 on the optical path of the light flux from the lamp 15.
- the second spectroscopic image generation mode As a result, in the second spectral image generation mode, the light beam from the lamp 15 is transmitted through the light amount limiting filter 16.
- this embodiment is not limited to the mode switching switch of the instruction switch unit 111, and the operation mode of the spectroscopic image generation mode is set to the second spectroscopic image by operating the keyboard or the touch panel 106a provided in the main body 105. You can set it to generation mode. Since the first spectral image generation mode and the second spectral image generation mode are the same in other operations, the first spectral image generation mode will be described as an example. Also, the description of operations that perform the same operations as those for normal image generation is omitted.
- the main body processing device 43 is able to obtain narrowband light obtained by narrowband light through the narrowband bandpass filters F1'F2'F3 having center wavelengths ⁇ 1, 2 and ⁇ 3 as shown in FIG.
- a spectral image equivalent to the band light observation image can be displayed on the display monitor.
- the body cavity tissue 51 often has an absorber distribution structure such as blood vessels that differ in the depth direction.
- a large number of capillaries 52 are mainly distributed near the surface of the mucosa, deeper than this layer, and in the middle layer, in addition to capillaries, thicker than capillaries and blood vessels 53 are distributed. 54 comes to be distributed.
- the depth of the light in the depth direction of the body cavity tissue 51 depends on the wavelength of the light, and the illumination light including the visible range is blue (B In the case of light with a short wavelength such as color, the light can only reach the surface layer due to the absorption and scattering characteristics of living tissue, and it can be absorbed and scattered within the depth range up to that point and exit from the surface. Light is observed. In the case of green (G) color light, which has a longer wavelength than blue (B) color light, it reaches deeper than the range where blue (B) color light deepens, undergoes absorption and scattering within that range, and exits from the surface. Light is observed. Furthermore, red (R) color light having a wavelength longer than that of green (G) color light reaches a deeper range.
- RGB light during normal observation of the tissue 51 in the body cavity is overlapped in each wavelength region as shown in FIG.
- the image signal picked up by the CCD 21 with B-band light is picked up with a band image having shallow layer and middle layer tissue information including a lot of tissue information in the shallow layer as shown in FIG.
- the image signal picked up by the CCD 21 with G-band light is picked up with band images having shallow layer and middle layer tissue information including a lot of tissue information in the middle layer as shown in Fig. 11, (3) Furthermore, band images having middle layer and deep layer tissue information including a lot of deep tissue information as shown in FIG.
- the matrix processing in the matrix calculation unit 436 described above creates a spectral image signal using the pseudo bandpass filter (matrix) generated in advance as described above for the color image signal.
- spectral image signals F1 to F3 can be obtained using pseudo-bandpass filters F1 to F3 having discrete and narrow-band spectral characteristics that can extract desired deep tissue information as shown in FIG.
- the pseudo bandpass filters F1 to F3 have overlapping wavelength ranges, as shown in FIG.
- a spectral image signal F1 obtained by the pseudo bandpass filter F1 captures a band image having tissue information in the shallow layer as shown in FIG.
- a band image having tissue information in the middle layer as shown in FIG. 14 is captured in the spectral image signal F2 by the pseudo bandpass filter F2, and further,
- a band image having tissue information in the deep layer as shown in FIG. 15 is captured in the spectral image signal F3 by the pseudo bandpass filter F3.
- the color adjustment unit 440 uses the spectral image signal F3 as the spectral color channel image signal Rch as the simplest color conversion example.
- the signal F2 is assigned to the spectral color channel image signal Gch and the spectral image signal F1 is assigned to the spectral color channel image signal Bch, and the RGB color channel R- (ch) of the display monitor 106 is assigned via the display image generation unit 439. Output to G- (ch) and B- (ch).
- the spectral image signals Fl to F3 depend on the spectral sensitivity of the endoscope such as a lens and a photoelectric conversion system in addition to the spectral reflectance of the subject.
- the ID which is the type information of the endoscope 101, is read from the ID part 1 10 and stored in the data storage part 44 based on the ID!
- the spectral image signals F1 to F3 are corrected using a correction coefficient corresponding to the connected endoscope 101.
- the correction coefficient may be stored in the ID unit 110, and the control unit 43 may be configured to read the correction coefficient together with the ID from the ID unit 110.
- the spectral image signals F1 to F3 are generated by a matrix having phases of the pseudo bandpass filters F1 to F3.
- the pseudo bandpass filters F1 to F3 have a center wavelength ⁇ ⁇ , Eq. Characterized by ⁇ 3. That is, the main body processing device 43 determines one pseudo bandpass filter F by setting one center wavelength, and generates a spectral image signal F based on the pseudo bandpass filter F.
- the center wavelength is set by the graphic user interface by using the function of the touch panel 106a, and the desired spectral image signal F can be generated.
- the main body processing device 43 displays a setting screen for setting the center wavelength of the pseudo bandpass filter corresponding to the spectral image signal on the observation monitor 106 having the touch panel 106a as shown in FIG. To display.
- a plurality of, for example, six center wavelengths ⁇ 11, ⁇ 12, ⁇ 13, ⁇ 21, ⁇ 22, and ⁇ 23 can be set.
- the main body processing device 43 develops and displays a pop-up window 207 having a plurality of selectable wavelengths on the observation monitor 106.
- FIG. 17 shows a state in which the main processing unit 43 sets the set wavelength value 425 nm to the wavelength ⁇ 11.
- the setting operation of other wavelengths that is, ⁇ 12 button 202, ⁇ 13 button 203, ⁇ 21 button 204, ⁇ 22 button 205, ⁇ 23 button 206 is also set using the touch panel function on the setting screen in the same way as wavelength ⁇ 11.
- Wavelength value can be set.
- Spectral images can be colored by setting the set wavelength values to at least three wavelengths (for example, wavelength 11, ⁇ 12, and ⁇ 13).
- the spectral image that has been colored is referred to as a color spectral image.
- the setting screen for setting the center wavelength of the pseudo bandpass filter is not limited to FIG. 17, but as a first modification of this embodiment, as shown in FIG.
- a setting screen having a set table 208 for setting a plurality of wavelength sets in which three wavelengths are set may be used.
- a desired wavelength set can be selected from the plurality of wavelength sets set in the set table 208 using the touch panel function. .
- a selection button 209 is provided, and each time the selection button 209 is operated using the touch panel function, the set table 208 is set to a wavelength set. You may make it set by moving to toggle. Specifically, each time the selection button 209 is operated using the touch panel function, the set to be set is moved and selected, such as set 1 ⁇ set 2 ⁇ set 3 ⁇ set 4 ⁇ set 1 ⁇ .
- FIG. 20 shows a setting screen when the selection button 209 is operated using the touch panel function in the state of FIG. 19, and the operation of the selection power selection button 209 of set 1 as shown in FIG. As shown, go to set 2 selection.
- the display image generation unit 439 displays (1) the normal light observation image and the color as a display form for displaying the color spectral image on the display screen of the touch panel 106a (that is, the observation monitor 106). Spectral image simultaneous display form, (2) Color spectral image display only display form, (3) Normal light observation image display only display form, etc.
- the main body processing device 43 is colored as the normal light observation image 210 on the observation monitor 106 by the display image generation unit 439 as shown in FIG.
- the color spectral image 211 can be displayed simultaneously.
- the display image generation unit 439 can be used for coloring the color spectral image 211 in addition to the normal light observation image 210 and the color spectral image 211, for example, at the six central wavelengths set on the setting screen described above.
- Spectral image thumbnail images 221 to 226 are displayed.
- the thumbnail images of the three spectral images that make up the color spectral image 211 are the other thumbnails. It is displayed in a display form (for example, brightness or color tone) different from that of the nail image.
- the three spectral images constituting the color spectral image 211 can be arbitrarily changed. Specifically, for example, when the color spectral image 211 is touched, thumbnail images 221 to 226 are selectable. By selecting thumbnail images of spectral images having three central wavelengths for colorization, the color spectral image 211 is selected. The three spectral images that make up are changed.
- Fig. 21 shows a state in which a color spectral image 211 is generated from three spectral images with a central wavelength of 11, ⁇ 12, and ⁇ 13, and Fig. 22 shows three spectral images with a central wavelength of 12, ⁇ 21, and ⁇ 23. A color spectroscopic image 211 is generated.
- the main body processing device 43 displays a painting setting window 230 for changing the color tone of the normal light image when only the normal light image is displayed on the touch panel 106a.
- a painting setting window 230 for changing the color tone of the normal light image when only the normal light image is displayed on the touch panel 106a.
- This painting setting window 203 can be used as a wavelength selection window 230 for the center wavelength as shown in FIG. 24 in the case of the display mode only in the color spectral image form.
- the indicator 230a indicates the wavelength, and each display point of the indicator 230a is assigned multiple center wavelengths, and by selecting the three display points of the indicator 230a, Also in the wavelength selection window 230, three spectral images constituting the color spectral image 211 can be selected.
- a luminance setting window 231 for setting the luminance of the spectral image is displayed below the wavelength selection window 230, and the luminance of the spectral image for each wavelength can be set arbitrarily. ing.
- the main body processing device 43 displays the spectral reflectance 242 from the subject in a graph in the vicinity of the color spectral image 241 as shown in FIG.
- the wavelengths 1, 3, and 3 of the three spectral images that make up the color spectral image 241 are presented on the spectral reflectance 242.
- These wavelengths 1, 2, and 3 are touch panels. It can be moved according to the function, and when the wavelengths ⁇ 1, 2 and ⁇ 3 are changed, the color spectral image 2
- the three spectral images that make up 41 also change in conjunction.
- the main body processing device 43 can be used for colorizing the freeze color spectral image 241, for example, thumbnail images 221-2 of spectral images of six central wavelengths set on the setting screen described above. 226 is displayed.
- the thumbnail images of the three spectral images constituting the freeze color spectral image 241 are displayed in a different display form (for example, different brightness or color tone) from the other thumbnail images.
- the touch panel function is used to select three thumbnail images 221 to 226 and operate the selection decision button 243 to display three spectral images constituting the freeze color spectral image 241 as shown in FIG. It can be changed arbitrarily.
- by operating the confirmation button 244 using the touch panel function it is possible to display the color spectral image 241 of the moving image based on the three spectral images selected from the thumbnail images 221 to 226.
- the endoscope apparatus body 105 is capable of arbitrarily changing the three spectral images constituting the color spectral image. In this case, the white balance processing of the three spectral images is performed. Changes are made at the same time.
- the endoscope apparatus main body 105 discretely stores, for example, a three-dimensional data table having three wavelengths ⁇ ⁇ and k as axes in advance in the data storage unit 44 as shown in FIG.
- the weight coefficients (kx, ky, kz) used for the white balance processing are stored as the botacell data in each botacell of this 3D data table.
- the endoscope apparatus main body 105 has a description of the data storage unit 44 that stores each botacell data.
- the 3D data table is stored discretely, so the weighting factor between the botacel data is calculated by general linear interpolation to perform white balance processing.
- the main body processing device 43 designates the spectroscopic image display frame 281 on the normal light observation image 210 as shown in FIG.
- the spectral image of the area can be displayed in a superimposed manner on the area of the display frame 281.
- the size and position of the frame can be arbitrarily changed by the touch panel function.
- the configuration of the spectral image is set using the wavelength as the setting parameter.
- the configuration is not limited to this, and the depth information that is the depth of light is specified as the setting parameter.
- a configuration of a spectral image optimal for observation may be automatically specified based on an organ that is an observation target.
- a method for specifying the configuration of the spectral image based on the organ for example, a method of identifying and specifying the organ used by the endoscope 101 based on the ID from the ID unit 110 in the operation unit 104, the touch panel 106a
- a method of specifying by using the menu switch a method of specifying by reading PC card data in which patient information is recorded, and a method of automatically recognizing organs by processing a normal light observation image by a scene understanding module.
- the endoscope apparatus main body 105 of the present embodiment is provided with a plurality of board slots 300 on which a function expansion board capable of function expansion can be installed, as shown in FIG. ing.
- the control unit 44 expands executable functions by displaying a menu window 260 as shown in FIG. 32 on the touch panel 106a. If the function expansion board is not installed, the default functions of the control unit 44 can be classified into, for example, four basic functions. In the menu window 260, the menus 1, 2, 3, and 4 are switched by the tag 261. It is possible.
- the menu window 260 has a menu tag 262 for a plurality of function expansion boards in addition to the menu 1, 2, 3, and 4 tags 261, and the function expansion board is not set in the board slot 300. Sometimes the menu tag 262 is empty as shown in Figure 33. New. However, when a function expansion board is installed in the board slot 300, the control unit 44, as shown in FIG. 34, adds a function such as the menu window force of the function of the installed function expansion board.
- the menu window 260 can be expanded by 262a.
- the menu window for this additional function is configured by software.
- the control unit 44 identifies the function expansion board and displays a menu window having the same structure as the basic function. Since it is automatically generated, there is no need to change the software version! It is easy to upgrade the software version.
- each operation is performed on the touch panel 106a! /, So the specification can be easily changed by upgrading the software without changing the hardware.
- the operation may be performed with a pointing device such as a trackball or a mouse, which does not require all operations on the touch panel 106a.
- a pointing device such as a trackball or a mouse
- the wavelength of the spectral image may be set by a dedicated keyboard 270 for selection.
- a wavelength setting function may be assigned to a function key of a general keyboard.
- the image quality of the normal light observation image is given priority over the image quality of the normal light observation image.
- Images can be selectively displayed on the display monitor 106, and the mode switching switch of the instruction switch unit 111 is operated to switch the spectral image generation mode to the second spectral image generation mode.
- the light quantity is halved, giving priority to the image quality of the spectral image and the normal light observation image and the spectral image. And can be selectively displayed on the display monitor 106.
- a spectral image in the blue wavelength band is transferred to another wavelength band.
- the image information of SZN can be improved to the same extent as the spectral image of.
- the light quantity limiting filter 16 is configured to be detachable on the optical path. It may be permanently installed on the optical path. Further, the light quantity limiting filter 16 can be omitted by giving the color filter provided in the CCD 21 the same spectral characteristics as the light quantity limiting filter.
- this complementary color filter arrangement also includes G, Mg, Ye, and Cy element forces.
- FIGS. 37 to 43 relate to the second embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 37 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the electronic endoscope apparatus
- FIG. 38 is a diagram showing the configuration of the RGB rotation filter of FIG. 37
- FIG. Fig. 40 shows the spectral characteristics of the light transmitted through the RGB rotation filter of Fig. 38 when the light amount limiting filter that is the spectral image generation mode of Fig. 38 is not on the optical path
- Fig. 40 shows the light amount limiting filter that is the second spectral image generation mode.
- FIG. 41 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a modified example of the electronic endoscope apparatus shown in FIG. 37
- FIG. 42 is a diagram showing the spectral characteristics of the light transmitted through the RGB rotation filter in FIG. 41 is a diagram showing the configuration of the RGB rotation filter of FIG. 41
- FIG. 43 is a diagram showing the configuration of a modification of the RGB rotation filter of FIG.
- the light source unit 41 and the CCD 21 are mainly different from those in the first embodiment.
- the color filter shown in FIG. 4 is provided in the CCD 21 and a color signal is generated by the color filter.
- the so-called frame sequential method is used to generate color signals by illuminating light in the order of RGB.
- the light passing through the lamp 15, the infrared cut filter 15a, and the light amount limiting filter 16 is transmitted through the RGB filter 23.
- the light quantity limiting filter 16 can be inserted into and removed from the optical path.
- the RGB rotation filter 23 is connected to the RGB rotation filter control unit 26 and rotates at a predetermined rotation speed.
- the RGB rotation filter 23 transmits an R-band light, an R-filter unit 23r that transmits R-band light, a G-filter unit 23g that transmits G-band light, and a B-band light.
- Fig. 39 shows the spectral characteristics of the light that has passed through the RGB rotation filter 23 when the light intensity limiting filter 16 that is the first spectral image generation mode is on the optical path. The spectral characteristics of the light transmitted through the RGB rotation filter 23 when a certain light quantity limiting filter 16 is on the optical path are shown.
- the operation of the light source unit in this embodiment is as follows.
- the luminous flux output from the lamp 15 The infrared power filter 15a cuts unnecessary infrared components, and the light flux that has passed through the infrared cut filter 15a is limited in light quantity.
- Each illumination light is reflected in the subject and received by the CCD 21.
- the signal obtained by the CCD 21 is distributed by a switching unit (not shown) provided in the endoscope apparatus body 105 according to the irradiation time, and is input to each of the SZH circuits 433a to 433c. That is, when illumination light from the light source unit 41 through the R filter is irradiated, the signal obtained by the CCD 21 is input to the SZH circuit 433a. Since other operations are the same as those in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
- the spectral image generation mode is set to the second spectral image generation mode, and the light flux from the lamp 15 is transmitted through the light amount limiting filter 16, for example.
- the spectral image of the blue wavelength band can be improved to the same SZN image information as the spectral image of other wavelength bands.
- the light amount limiting filter 16 is configured to be detachable with respect to the optical path.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the RGB rotating filter 23 is configured as shown in FIG. Figure As shown in 41, the light quantity limiting filter 16 can be omitted.
- the rotary filter 23 has a double structure with a disc-shaped configuration with the center as a rotation axis, and the outer diameter portion has a spectral structure as shown in Fig. 39.
- Surface of characteristics R filter section 23rl, G filter section 23gl, B filter section 23bl constituting the first filter set for sequentially outputting light are arranged, and the inner diameter portion has a spectrum as shown in FIG.
- An R ′ filter unit 23r2, a G ′ filter unit 23g2, and a B filter unit 23b2 constituting the second filter set for outputting the characteristic surface sequential light are arranged!
- the rotary filter 23 is rotated by the rotation of the rotary filter motor 26 controlled by the control turning unit 42, and is moved in the radial direction (moving perpendicular to the optical path of the rotary filter 23).
- the first filter group or the second filter group of the rotary filter 23 is selectively moved on the optical path) by the control switching unit 42 by the filter switching motor 17a.
- the force used to irradiate R'G'B three-band surface-sequential light is not limited to this, and the rotary filter 23 may be a multiband having four or more bands, for example, as shown in FIG. It may be a rotating filter that transmits field-sequential light II, 12, 13, 14 in two different bands and irradiates multi-band field-sequential light.
- the spectral image is estimated as shown in equations (6) and (8) in the signal strengths of the four bands.
- Equation (6) can generate a color spectral image consisting of three wavelengths from signals in four bands [Equation 7]
- a monochrome spectral image consisting of one wavelength can be generated from signals in four bands.
- spectral power images of four wavelengths are generated in four bands, and a color spectral image is generated by selecting three of the four spectral images in the display image generation unit 439. it can.
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EP07714591.0A EP1994875B1 (en) | 2006-03-16 | 2007-02-20 | Living body observation device |
CN2007800084664A CN101400294B (zh) | 2006-03-16 | 2007-02-20 | 生物体观测装置 |
BRPI0709580-5A BRPI0709580A2 (pt) | 2006-03-16 | 2007-02-20 | dispositivo de observação de corpo vivo |
US12/210,672 US8581970B2 (en) | 2006-03-16 | 2008-09-15 | Living body observation device |
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JP2006073183A JP4951256B2 (ja) | 2006-03-16 | 2006-03-16 | 生体観測装置 |
JP2006-073183 | 2006-03-16 |
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EP (1) | EP1994875B1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1994875B1 (en) | 2013-12-18 |
US8581970B2 (en) | 2013-11-12 |
CN101400294B (zh) | 2011-03-02 |
EP1994875A4 (en) | 2010-04-28 |
EP1994875A1 (en) | 2008-11-26 |
US20090040298A1 (en) | 2009-02-12 |
KR101022585B1 (ko) | 2011-03-16 |
KR20080095280A (ko) | 2008-10-28 |
JP4951256B2 (ja) | 2012-06-13 |
CN101400294A (zh) | 2009-04-01 |
BRPI0709580A2 (pt) | 2011-07-19 |
JP2007244681A (ja) | 2007-09-27 |
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