Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
  • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
  • E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
  • E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
  • E04H9/023—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings and comprising rolling elements, e.g. balls, pins
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
  • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
  • F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
  • F16F15/021—Decoupling of vibrations by means of point-of-contact supports, e.g. ball bearings
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
  • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
  • F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
  • F16F15/022—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using dampers and springs in combination
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
  • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
  • F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
  • F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
  • F16F15/08—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with rubber springs ; with springs made of rubber and metal

Definitions

• Negative rigid device and seismic isolation structure provided with the negative rigid device
• the present invention relates to a negative rigidity device that causes rolling in a direction in which gravity acts (vertical direction) and generates negative rigidity in the relationship between horizontal force and horizontal displacement, and a construction using the negative rigidity. Or it relates to a seismic isolation structure used in the field of civil engineering.
• a pendulum-type sliding friction device etc.
• a pendulum-type sliding friction device is isolated by a period determined from the arc of the sliding curved surface so that excessive input does not act on the superstructure.
• most of the various proposed devices have positive rigidity, and the sliding mechanism of the pendulum type sliding friction device slides in a direction opposite to the direction in which gravity acts. (Moves upward with horizontal deformation), and thus positive rigidity is generated.
• a plastic damper made of a metal material has a positive rigidity due to work hardening
• a viscous damper made of a viscous material has a positive rigidity due to an elastic characteristic force generated in a high frequency range (spring). It is common to have Note that a damper that uses a sliding mechanism that slides on a horizontal plane cannot change the direction of incremental deformation of force, which can be said to have zero stiffness. In other words, it is impossible to control the rigidity of the entire structure.
• Patent Document 1 describes that the magnitude of stress generated in a structural member is adjusted, the damping effect of a seismic control building is increased, or the seismic external force in a seismic isolation building is described.
• a negative rigid device capable of increasing the insulation effect of the building and a building structure using the negative rigid device are disclosed.
• Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-287079
• the negative rigid device described in Patent Document 1 and a building structure using the same are a structure. It is suitable for structures that effectively reduce excessive input to the structure, and has the advantage that desired rigidity can be imparted to structures by combining with laminated rubber used in seismic isolation layers and damping devices.
• the negative rigid device acts as a resistance force against the predetermined position, that is, return to the origin of the structure. There is a risk that it will remain as it is, and there is a risk that the operating conditions during aftershocks and subsequent earthquakes may become unstable.
• the above device is a device that always moves in the direction of imparting negative rigidity, it can easily be operated even with a small input, and it can be said that the responsiveness is good in that respect, but on the other hand, it does not respond to temperature changes, etc. Therefore, even for intermittent movements that occur on a daily basis, negative rigidity is similarly generated, and there is a problem that undesired behavior is exhibited for a base-isolated structure.
• the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems in the prior art, and it is easy to return the origin of the structure after an earthquake or the like, and the operating condition becomes unstable during an aftershock or the like.
• devices with negative stiffness do not generate negative stiffness for intermittent movements that occur on a daily basis, or try to exhibit slight negative stiffness, etc.
• the present invention is a negative rigid device, which is formed into an upper member provided with a roller or a wheel, and an upper convex shape having a constant curvature,
• the lower member has a lower curvature than the other ranges in a predetermined range including the apex of the upper convex portion, and the roller or wheel of the upper member rolls along the upper surface of the lower member.
• the negative stiffness is changed when the upper member is deformed exceeding the predetermined range.
• the roller or wheel of the upper member rolls along the upper surface of the predetermined range including the apex of the lower member, and then the predetermined range is reached.
• the vibration (displacement) cycle can be changed and seismic isolation can be achieved. The seismic isolation effect of the structure can be adjusted.
• the shear rigidity of the laminated rubber is not linear. Specifically, if the strain is large, the rigidity increases due to the hard-ung phenomenon.
• linearity can be obtained in a wide range with a simple configuration.
• the curvature is formed to be smaller than the other ranges in a predetermined range including the apex of the upper convex shape portion. Negative rigidity can be made almost ineffective, or negative rigidity can be reduced. In addition, since the curvature is smaller than the other ranges in a predetermined range including the apex of the upper convex portion, the influence on the origin return force can be reduced.
• the present invention is a negative rigid device, which is formed in an upper member provided with a roller or a wheel, and an upward convex shape having a constant curvature, the upper convex portion A lower member that is flat in a predetermined range including the apex of the upper member, and the roller or wheel of the upper member rolls along the upper surface of the lower member to exceed the predetermined range.
• the negative stiffness changes when the upper member is deformed.
• the roller of the upper member or the wheel force rolls along the planar upper surface in a predetermined range including the apex of the lower member, and at this time, the rigidity is zero.
• a certain force After that, when it deviates from the predetermined range, it rolls along the curved upper surface of the lower member, so that the negative rigidity changes when the upper member is deformed exceeding the predetermined range.
• the degree of negative rigidity can be adjusted according to the degree of deformation of the upper member with a simple configuration, and in combination with the rigidity of a laminated rubber body or the like that is used in combination. It is possible to adjust the seismic isolation effect of the seismic structure.
• the negative rigidity can be limited and the influence on the origin return force can be reduced with respect to intermittent movements that occur daily due to temperature changes or the like.
• the present invention is a negative rigid device, wherein the negative rigid device is arranged in two stages in the vertical direction, or the negative rigid devices are arranged in two stages in the vertical direction. , The two-stage negative rigid devices are arranged in a state of being orthogonal to each other. According to this negative rigidity device, it is possible to realize a negative rigidity device having the above-described characteristics, in which the upper member can move in all directions with respect to the lower member.
• the present invention is a negative rigidity device, which is formed in a semi-cylindrical shape having a constant curvature with a lower convex shape, and has a curvature in a predetermined range including the apex of the lower convex portion.
• the negative stiffness is changed when the upper member is deformed exceeding the predetermined range.
• the predetermined range including the apex of the lower convex shape portion of the upper member deviates from the roller or wheel of the lower member during an earthquake or the like
• the predetermined range is exceeded. Since the lower surface of the upper member having a large curvature moves while rotating the roller or the wheel, the negative rigidity changes when the upper member exceeds the predetermined range.
• a small negative rigidity can be given in a predetermined range including the top of the upper member, and a large negative rigidity can be given beyond the predetermined range, thereby adjusting the seismic isolation effect of the base isolation structure. It is possible to do.
• the present invention is a negative rigid device, which is formed in a force convex shape having a constant curvature with a lower convex shape, and is flat in a predetermined range including the apex of the lower convex shape portion.
• the upper member is a lower member provided with a roller or a wheel, and the upper member moves on the roller or wheel of the lower member while rotating the roller or the wheel. The negative rigidity changes when the upper member is deformed exceeding the range.
• the lower surface of the upper member moves while rotating the roller or wheel of the lower member, and a flat upper surface within a predetermined range including the apex of the upper member.
• Surface force A force with zero stiffness when moving while rotating one wheel or wheel, and then if the lower surface of the upper member is out of the specified range, the curved lower surface of the upper member rotates the roller or wheel. Since the upper member moves, the negative rigidity changes when the upper member exceeds the predetermined range.
• the degree of negative rigidity can be adjusted by the degree of deformation of the upper member, and the rigidity of the laminated rubber body used in combination can be adjusted. It is possible to adjust the seismic isolation effect of the seismic isolation structure in combination with the characteristics.
• the present invention is a negative rigid device, wherein the negative rigid device is arranged in two stages in the vertical direction, or the negative rigid devices are arranged in two stages in the vertical direction.
• the two-stage negative rigid devices are arranged in a state of being orthogonal to each other. According to this negative rigidity device, it is possible to realize a negative rigidity device having the above-described characteristics, in which the upper member can move in all directions with respect to the lower member.
• the present invention is a seismic isolation structure, characterized by comprising the negative rigid device and a device having a restoring force characteristic.
• a spring device, a laminated rubber bearing device, or the like can be used as the device having restoring force characteristics.
• the seismic isolation effect of the seismic isolation structure is adjusted in combination with the rigidity of a laminated rubber body or the like that is used in combination by adjusting the degree of negative rigidity. It is easy to return to the origin of the structure after an earthquake, etc., and to reduce the influence of negative stiffness on intermittent movements that occur daily due to temperature changes etc.
• a suitable negative rigid device and a seismic isolation structure provided with the negative rigid device can be provided.
• the graph on the left side of Fig. 1 shows the relationship between the horizontal force and displacement when an external force such as an earthquake acts on a device with positive rigidity such as laminated rubber (hereinafter referred to as "positive rigidity device"). Expressed as a straight line going up to the right. That is, when an external force is applied to the device and the displacement increases, the horizontal force (resistance force) increases at each displacement position in order to counter the applied external force.
• positive rigidity device a device with positive rigidity such as laminated rubber
• the graph on the right shows the relationship between horizontal force and displacement when an external force such as an earthquake acts on a device with negative stiffness (hereinafter referred to as "negative stiffness device").
• negative stiffness device a device with negative stiffness
• the behavior when the positive stiffness device and the negative stiffness device are combined is a combination of the above two graphs, and as shown on the right side, the horizontal force becomes 0 at an arbitrary displacement, The device has zero rigidity.
• the negative rigid device includes a lower member 1 having a force-like shape, and a roller 2 as an upper member that rolls along the upper surface la of the lower member 1.
• a roller 2 as an upper member that rolls along the upper surface la of the lower member 1.
• the upper surface la has a radius of curvature R.
• the negative rigid device is configured with, for example, a wheel 5 as an upper member that rolls along the upper surface 4a of the force-marrow lower member 4 as shown in FIG. You can also Here, the wheel 5 receives a vertical force W of an upward force.
• the upper surface la has a radius of curvature R.
• FIG. 4 shows a first embodiment of a negative rigid device according to the present invention.
• the negative rigid device 10 is a lower member 11 that is an upper convex shape and is formed in a force-bump shape. And an upper member 12 having a roller 12b.
• the lower member 11 has a portion l ib (curvature radius SR ") of a predetermined range L on the upper surface, and both ends l la, 11c (curvature radius SR '). Smaller curvature (larger radius of curvature)
• the roller 12b is rotatably supported by the rotating shaft 12c, and the rotating shaft 12c is fixed to the bracket 12a.
• the force obtained by combining the lower member 11 having a convex shape with an upper convex shape and the upper member 12 having the roller 12b is reversed in the vertical direction.
• the upper member may be formed in a convex shape with a lower convex shape, and a roller may be provided on the lower member so as to achieve the same effect as described above.
• FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of the negative rigid device according to the present invention.
• This negative rigid device is different from the lower member 11 shown in FIG. 5 in the lower member 11 ′.
• both end portions 11a 'and 11c' curvevature radius SR '
• SR ' curvature radius
• a portion l ib' in a predetermined range L is a plane. Is formed.
• the upper member that rolls on the lower member 11 ′ has the same configuration as the upper member 12 shown in FIG.
• the negative stiffness device 20 includes a lower member 21 formed in an upper convex shape and a force-bump shape, and a roller 22b that rolls on the upper surface of the lower member 21, and the upper convex shape serves as a force.
• the intermediate member 22 is formed in a bowl shape, and the upper member 23 includes a roller 23b that rolls on the upper surface 22d of the intermediate member 22. Note that the axis of the roller 22b and the axis of the roller 23b are orthogonal to each other.
• the lower member 21 is configured in the same manner as the lower member 11 shown in FIG. 4, and a portion 21b in a predetermined range on the upper surface is formed with a smaller curvature force S (a larger radius of curvature) than both end portions 21a and 21c.
• the intermediate member 22 is supported by a rotating shaft 22c so that the roller 22b can rotate, and the rotating shaft 22c is fixed to the bracket 22a.
• the upper member 23 is supported by a rotating shaft 23c so that the roller 23b can rotate, and the rotating shaft 23c is fixed to the bracket 23a.
• the roller 22b of the intermediate member 22 rolls along the upper surfaces 21a to 21c of the lower member 21, and in the same manner as in the first embodiment, a predetermined range of the upper surface
• the negative stiffness changes when it deviates from part 21b. That is, a small negative stiffness can be imparted in the portion of the upper surface in the predetermined range 21b, and a large negative stiffness can be imparted at both end portions 21a and 21c.
• the intermediate member 22 and the upper member 23 are both arranged so as to be orthogonal to the lower member 21, the upper member 23 is illustrated with respect to the intermediate member 22.
• the intermediate member 22 can move in the left-right direction in FIG. 7 with respect to the lower member 21.
• the upper member 23 can move in all directions with respect to the lower member 21 via the intermediate member 22.
• the upper member 21 includes a lower member 21 having a convex shape and a roller 22b, and an intermediate portion having a convex shape and having an upper convex shape.
• the combined force of the member 22 and the upper member 23 provided with the lip 23b is reversed in the vertical direction to form the upper member and the intermediate member in a convex shape with a lower convex shape.
• the lower member may be provided with a roller so that the same effect as described above can be obtained.
• This seismic isolation structure 30 is configured by installing the negative rigid device 10 shown in FIG. 4, a laminated rubber 32, and an attenuator 33 on the structure 31.
• the laminated rubber 32 has high rigidity due to the hard-ung phenomenon when the shear rigidity is not linear and the strain is large. Therefore, by combining with the negative rigid device 10 according to the present invention, linearity can be obtained over a wide range.
• the negative rigid device 10 acts as a resistance force when the structure 31 is returned to a predetermined position, that is, the origin of the structure. Therefore, the origin return is performed by the laminated rubber 32 having the restoring force characteristic.
• FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the principle of a negative rigid device.
• FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a negative rigid device.
• FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a negative rigid device.
• FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a negative rigid device according to the present invention.
• FIG. 5 is a view showing a lower member of the negative rigidity device of FIG. 4, wherein (a) is a front view, and (b) is a graph showing a change in negative rigidity at a position on the outer surface of the lower member. It is.
• FIG. 6 is a view showing a lower member of the second embodiment of the negative rigid device according to the present invention, where (a) is a front view and (b) is a position on the outer surface of the lower member.
• 3 is a graph showing a change in negative stiffness.
• FIG. 7 is a front view showing a third embodiment of the negative rigid device according to the present invention.
• FIG. 8 is a front view showing an embodiment of a base-isolated structure in which a negative rigid device according to the present invention and a device having restoring force characteristics are combined.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Emergency Management (AREA)
• Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
• Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)

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• 2006
  • 2006-12-18 WO PCT/JP2006/325185 patent/WO2007072777A1/ja active Application Filing
  • 2006-12-18 JP JP2007551075A patent/JP4989488B2/ja active Active
  • 2006-12-18 TR TR2008/04397T patent/TR200804397T2/xx unknown
  • 2006-12-18 CN CN2006800488606A patent/CN101346557B/zh active Active
  • 2006-12-20 TW TW095147937A patent/TWI374983B/zh active

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