WO2006073017A1 - プラズマcvdを用いて炭素膜を製造する装置およびその製造方法ならびに炭素膜 - Google Patents
プラズマcvdを用いて炭素膜を製造する装置およびその製造方法ならびに炭素膜 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006073017A1 WO2006073017A1 PCT/JP2005/018894 JP2005018894W WO2006073017A1 WO 2006073017 A1 WO2006073017 A1 WO 2006073017A1 JP 2005018894 W JP2005018894 W JP 2005018894W WO 2006073017 A1 WO2006073017 A1 WO 2006073017A1
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- cylindrical body
- voltage
- carbon film
- carbon
- vacuum chamber
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/50—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges
- C23C16/503—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges using dc or ac discharges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y10/00—Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/26—Deposition of carbon only
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J63/00—Cathode-ray or electron-stream lamps
- H01J63/02—Details, e.g. electrode, gas filling, shape of vessel
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J63/00—Cathode-ray or electron-stream lamps
- H01J63/06—Lamps with luminescent screen excited by the ray or stream
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J9/02—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
- H01J9/022—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of cold cathodes
- H01J9/025—Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems of cold cathodes of field emission cathodes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y25/00—Nanomagnetism, e.g. magnetoimpedance, anisotropic magnetoresistance, giant magnetoresistance or tunneling magnetoresistance
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2201/00—Electrodes common to discharge tubes
- H01J2201/30—Cold cathodes
- H01J2201/304—Field emission cathodes
- H01J2201/30446—Field emission cathodes characterised by the emitter material
- H01J2201/30453—Carbon types
- H01J2201/30469—Carbon nanotubes (CNTs)
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus, a method, and a carbon film structure for manufacturing a nanostructured carbon film using plasma CVD.
- a carbon film can be formed on a substrate.
- the source gas is generally introduced while controlling the gas pressure.
- Plasma is generated by applying DC power to a pair of opposed flat plate electrodes. Heat the substrate.
- a carbon film is formed on the substrate by controlling the ion energy to the substrate (see Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-50259
- This plasma CVD method has a high gas pressure.
- the voltage for generating plasma is high.
- the film formation time is long.
- a plate electrode having a large electrode area is required.
- a long electrode surface is required. Larger equipment. An expensive device is required.
- the electrode area increases as compared with the wire deposition area, and power is wasted. With a wire with a circular cross section, it is not possible to deposit a carbon film evenly around the entire circumference! /.
- the present invention includes a step of disposing a tubular body having an opening in a part thereof in a vacuum chamber, a step of disposing a base material inside the tubular body, and forming a carbon film in the vacuum chamber.
- a plasma is generated inside the cylindrical body through a step of introducing a gas for the film and a step of applying a voltage for generating plasma to the cylindrical body, and the plasma causes the surface of the base material to be generated.
- a carbon film is formed.
- the voltage is a high-frequency voltage.
- the voltage is a negative DC voltage.
- the voltage is a voltage obtained by superimposing a high-frequency voltage on a negative DC voltage.
- the DC voltage is not limited to its application form, but includes, for example, not only continuous application but also pulse application.
- the meaning of having an opening in a part of the cylindrical body includes any opening provided in the cylindrical body.
- it includes the opening on one end and both ends of the cylindrical body, and the opening and displacement of the peripheral wall.
- Examples of the hole in the peripheral wall of the cylindrical body include a spiral shape, a mesh shape, and a slit shape.
- the cylindrical body cross section includes any shape regardless of circular or rectangular.
- the cylindrical body includes a box-shaped body that is not limited to the name "cylinder” as a cylindrical body.
- the substrate is not limited to a shape as long as it can form a carbon film, and is not limited to a linear shape, and may be various shapes such as a plate shape and a cylindrical shape.
- the carbon film includes carbon nanowalls, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, and carbon metal nanotrees.
- the plasma generated in the internal space of the cylindrical body has a high electron density. Even if the gas pressure is not high, it has an appropriate concentration and activity. Therefore, the carbon film can be formed with a low gas pressure.
- the plasma generated in the cylindrical body is highly dense. Therefore, a carbon film can be efficiently formed with low power.
- the base material is arranged in the internal space of the cylindrical body, when the base material is a long wire, the cylindrical body is extended in the longitudinal direction of the wire to form a carbon film on the surface of the wire. be able to. Therefore, wasteful power consumption can be suppressed and film formation can be performed efficiently.
- the carbon film can be formed with a uniform film thickness on the entire peripheral surface of the base material.
- a carbon film can be uniformly formed with low cost and low power consumption.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a carbon film manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a modification of the coil in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view of a modified example of the wire in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of characteristic evaluation by electron emission in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a graph of electron emission characteristics in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an example of a linear light source using the wire in FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an apparatus for producing a carbon film according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of an electron emission characteristic evaluation method in FIG.
- FIG. 10A is an SEM image showing the state of the carbon film having different film formation conditions in FIG.
- FIG. 10B is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 10A.
- FIG. 11A is an SEM image showing the state of the carbon film having different film formation conditions in FIG.
- FIG. 11B is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 11A.
- FIG. 12A is an SEM image showing the state of the carbon film having different film formation conditions in FIG.
- FIG. 12B is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 12A.
- FIG. 13A is an SEM image showing the state of the carbon film having different film formation conditions in FIG.
- FIG. 13B is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 13A.
- FIG. 14A is a SEM image showing the state of the carbon film having different film formation conditions in FIG.
- FIG. 14B is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 14A.
- FIG. 15A is a SEM image showing the state of the carbon film having different film formation conditions in FIG.
- FIG. 15B is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 15A.
- FIG. 16A is an SEM image showing the state of the carbon film having different film formation conditions in FIG.
- FIG. 16B is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 16A.
- FIG. 17A is an SEM image showing the state of the carbon film having different film formation conditions in FIG.
- FIG. 17B is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 17A.
- FIG. 17C is a conceptual diagram showing the structure of the carbon film of FIG. 17A.
- FIG. 18 is a view showing a modification of the coil shown in FIG.
- FIG. 19 is a view showing another modification of the coil shown in FIG.
- FIG. 20 is a view showing another example of the apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 21 is a view showing still another example of the apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 22 is a schematic view of a manufacturing apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 23A is a photograph showing a state in which plasma is generated by the manufacturing apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 23B is a photograph showing a state in which plasma is generated by the manufacturing apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 23C is a SEM image showing the state of the carbon film having different film formation conditions depending on the manufacturing apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 23D is a conceptual diagram showing the structure of the carbon film of FIG. 23C.
- FIG. 23E is a conceptual diagram showing the structure of the needle-like film of FIG. 23D.
- FIG. 24 is a schematic view of a manufacturing apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram showing a carbon metal nanotree.
- FIG. 26 is a view showing another carbon metal nanotree.
- FIG. 27 is a view showing still another carbon metal nanotree.
- FIG. 28 is a view showing still another carbon metal nanotree.
- FIG. 29 is a view showing still another carbon metal nanotree.
- FIG. 30 is a view showing still another carbon metal nanotree.
- FIG. 31 is a sectional view of a field emission lamp.
- FIG. 32 is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG.
- FIG. 33 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
- FIG. 34 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
- FIG. 35 is a cross-sectional view of another field emission lamp.
- FIG. 36 is a sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG.
- FIG. 37 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG.
- FIG. 38 is a partial view of a side panel and a heat-resistant support member showing a modification of the support portion that supports the heat-resistant support member.
- FIG. 39 is a view showing another example of a cylindrical body.
- FIG. 40 is a view showing another example of a carbon film production apparatus.
- FIG. 41 is a view showing another example of a carbon film production apparatus.
- FIG. 1 shows an outline of a carbon film manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a coil 11 is installed in a vacuum chamber 10 indicated by a dotted line.
- the coil 11 is a cylindrical body whose peripheral wall is spiral.
- the coil 11 can be said to be a cylindrical body partially having an opening.
- the materials for coil 11 are Cu, Ni, stainless steel, carbon, and so on.
- the winding diameter, length, and the like of the coil 11 can be selected according to the size of the base material that is the target of carbon film formation.
- a base material is an electroconductive wire as an example.
- the internal space of the coil 11 is a vertically long, almost cylindrical shape.
- a high frequency power source 12 is connected to both ends of the coil 11.
- the power frequency of the high-frequency power source 12 is, for example, 13.56 MHz, 4 MHz, 27.12 MHz, 40.68 MHz, or the like.
- the wire 13 is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the coil 11.
- the wire 13 is arranged in the approximate center of the internal space of the coil 11 and forms a carbon film with a uniform film thickness all around it. Be able to film!
- the material of the wire 13 is Ni, stainless steel, Fe, or the like.
- the diameter of the wire 13 is not limited.
- the diameter of the wire 13 is, for example, several mm.
- the diameter of the wire 13 is, for example, 15 mm.
- the heating power source 14 is connected between both ends of the wire 13.
- the heating temperature of the wire 13 by energizing the power source 14 is in the range of 700 ° C to 1000 ° C.
- the heating temperature is preferably 800 ° C. to: LOOO ° C.
- a heating temperature of 800 ° C or higher is preferable for shortening the film formation time and improving the film quality. In a state where the wire 13 is heated to 800 ° C.
- a raw material gas such as a hydrocarbon gas is supplied into the vacuum chamber 10 at a predetermined gas pressure while the flow rate is controlled.
- Source gases include CH 2 / H, CH 2 ZAr, and CH 3 / O.
- Processed gas is vacuum chamber
- the CH concentration in the CH 2 / H gas is, for example, 90%, and the CH concentration in the CH ZAr gas is
- the concentration is, for example, 20-60%, and the concentration of CH in the CH 2 / O gas is, for example, 95%
- hydrocarbon gases such as C H can be used.
- the gas pressure in the vacuum chamber 10 is 0.1 to 50 Torr. This gas pressure is preferably from 0.1 to: LOTorr, and more preferably from 0.5 to 50 Torr.
- a high-frequency power of 100 W is supplied from the high-frequency power source 12 to the coil 11.
- This supply generates plasma 15 in the coil 11.
- the generation region of the plasma 15 became a cylindrical shape having a diameter of 50 mm and a length of 100 mm.
- the gas pressure at this time was about 0.75 Torr, and the heating temperature of the wire 13 was about 800 ° C.
- the wire 13 was formed with a carbon film all around it. The time required for the film formation was about 30 minutes.
- the plasma 15 had a very high electron density, and the carbon film could be formed at a low gas pressure.
- the plasma is maintained at a high density with a low power of 100 W.
- the film formation rate of the carbon film can be increased by increasing the power supply.
- the raw material gas introduced into the vacuum chamber 10 is preferably CH. CH emits plasma efficiently
- the coil 11 By inserting the wire 13 into the coil 11, it is possible to easily form a carbon film on the entire surface (entire circumferential surface) of the wire 13.
- the coil 11 may be lengthened according to the length of the wire 13. Even if the length of the wire 13 is greater than the height of the coil 11, the wire 13 can be moved up and down relative to the coil 11, or vice versa, by moving the coil 11 up and down relative to the wire 13. A carbon film can be formed.
- the plurality of coils 11 are arranged side by side so that the wire 13 can be inserted.
- a carbon film can be formed on the entire wire 13 such that the plasmas 15 generated in the coils 11 overlap each other.
- Coil 11 can be placed sideways.
- the wire 13 can include a flat wire 16, a wire 17 in which a plurality of wires are bundled or twisted, and a coiled wire 18.
- Characteristic evaluation includes electron emission, SEM (scanning electron microscope) images, and Raman scattering spectroscopy.
- the electron emission is performed by placing a wire 13 having a carbon film formed between the target (anode) 19 and a target (anode) 19 in a vacuum via an lmm space S.
- a current was measured by applying a DC voltage between the target 19 and the wire 13 as a sword.
- the horizontal axis represents voltage and the vertical axis represents current.
- 1 OA to 8A is the threshold current, which is 970V.
- the crystal size is preferably 1 to 10 m. If it is smaller than 1 ⁇ m, the radiation characteristics will be poor.
- R is preferably between 5 and 8, and results were obtained.
- the G band is for the E2g vibration mode of graphite, and the D band is due to sp 2 crystallites or the date order sp 2 component. Therefore, the larger R, the better the crystallinity [0037] According to the production of the carbon film configured as described above, a low gas pressure of 0.1 to 50 Torr, 300
- a carbon film can be formed on the wire 13 with a low power of W and a short time of 30 minutes.
- the power applied to the coil 11 is 300 W and the film formation time is 30 minutes. These electric power and film formation time vary depending on the coil material and the like, but in the embodiment, the electric power and the film formation time are lower and shorter than the conventional one.
- Carbon films formed on the wire 13 include carbon nanowalls and carbon nanotubes.
- the wire 13 is heated to 1000 ° C in CH4ZAr gas to prepare carbide on the surface of the wire 13, and thereafter Carbon nanowalls can be formed by this method.
- a wire rod is formed using a Cu coil 11 under the following conditions.
- a carbon film was formed on 13.
- the wire 13 on which the carbon film is formed under the above film forming conditions has a good field electron emission characteristic, so that it can be used as a linear light source such as a thin luminaire, a display display device, or a backlight of a liquid crystal display device. Useful.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a linear light source suitable for, for example, a knocklight, and FIG. FIG.
- This linear light source 20 includes a cylindrical vacuum sealed tube 21.
- An anode portion 22 is accommodated in the vacuum sealing tube 21.
- a wire 23 on which a carbon film as a cathode is formed is disposed directly above the anode 22.
- the inside of the vacuum sealing tube 21 is maintained in a vacuum of about 10-6 Torr, for example.
- the anode portion 22 includes a glass substrate 22a, an anode 22b that is made of ITO such as ITO formed on the glass substrate 22a, and a phosphor 22c formed on the anode 22b.
- the anode portion 22 has an insulating support plate 28 protruding from both ends thereof in the longitudinal direction.
- the support plate 28 supports the conductive wire 24 connected to the transparent electrode 22b and the conductive wire 25 connected to the wire 23 in a general manner.
- the linear light source 20 when a DC voltage is applied between the anode 22 and the wire 23 from the power source 26, electrons are emitted from the wire 23 into the vacuum. These electrons are attracted to the anode 22b and collide with the phosphor 22c. Thereby, the phosphor 22 2c is excited to emit light.
- Carbon films such as carbon nanotubes are materials that are expected to have many applications such as displays, lamps, nanodevices, and electron guns.
- a carbon film can be formed without the need to previously apply a catalyst metal to the substrate.
- FIG. 8 shows a schematic configuration of the manufacturing apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- a coil 32 is installed in the vacuum chamber 31.
- the coil 32 is made of, for example, Cu, Ni, stainless steel, carbon, or the like.
- the coil 32 is connected to a high frequency power source 33.
- a base material for forming a carbon film, such as a carbon nanotube, is disposed in the inner part of the coil 32.
- the diameter of the wire 34 is, for example, about lmm.
- the wire rod 34 preferably contains a metal that serves as a catalyst for forming the carbon film. Examples of this metal include stainless steel, Fe, and Ni.
- a heating power source 35 is connected to the wire 34.
- the wire 34 is heated to about 700 ° C to 800 ° C from this power source of 35 mm.
- the wire 34 is not limited to a straight line but may be a coil or a wave. It may be a twist of multiple wires.
- the vacuum chamber 31 is provided with a gas introduction part 36 and a gas exhaust part 37. From the gas inlet 36, carbon-based source gas and carrier gas, for example, CH 2 / H, CH ZAr
- the gas pressure (total pressure) is preferably about lOPa to about LOOOPa.
- a DC power supply 38 is connected to the wire 34.
- a negative DC voltage is applied to the wire 34.
- a wire 34 is supported through the coil 32 in the vacuum chamber 31.
- the wire 34 is heated by energization.
- a negative DC voltage is applied to the wire 34.
- high frequency power is supplied to the coil 32.
- Source gas is introduced from the gas introduction section 36 while controlling the flow rate. As a result, plasma 39 is generated in the coil 32.
- the source gas is excited by the plasma 39 and a carbon film is formed on the outer surface of the wire 34.
- a negative DC voltage is applied to the wire 34.
- the surface of the wire 34 is sputtered.
- a carbon film such as a carbon nanotube grows using the adhered fine particles as a catalyst.
- a wire 34 in which carbon nanotubes are formed is disposed between the anode 40 and the anode 40 through a gap of 1 mm in a vacuum.
- DC voltage is applied using wire 34 as the cathode.
- the emission current at 5 VZ w m was measured.
- Table 1 shows the film formation conditions, electron emission characteristics, and evaluation results of the film state by SEM images.
- the input is the high-frequency power supplied to the coil 32
- the voltage and current are the voltage and current for energizing and heating the wire 34
- the time is the film formation time
- the temperature is the wire.
- Temperature, pressure indicate total pressure of CH4 and H2
- electron emission characteristics indicate emission current measured as described above! /
- FIGS. 10A and 10B SEM images corresponding to the respective conditions are shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B to FIGS. 17A and 17B, respectively.
- Condition No. 1 was a condition in which a negative DC voltage was not applied, and small growth of carbon nanowalls (CN W) was observed. The electron emission current at 5VZm was not observed.
- Conditions Nos. 2 to 5 are conditions for increasing the absolute value of the negative DC voltage, and the growth of the carbon nanowall (CNW) increases as the negative DC voltage increases. In addition, graph items grew. An increase in the electron emission current at 5 VZm was observed.
- CNT carbon nanotubes
- the absolute value of the negative DC voltage is preferably more than 100.
- a carbon nanotube can be formed on the wire 34 on which no catalyst has been previously formed.
- FIGS. 17A and 17B This carbon nanotube conceptually shows the structure of the carbon film in Fig. 17C.
- a single carbon nanotube has a high aspect ratio and flickers due to shaking or wear of the tip.
- the electric field is difficult to concentrate or the electric field is not concentrated. Therefore, there is a carbon fiber bundle in which a large number of carbon nanotubes are grouped and a plurality of carbon nanotubes are assembled into each group.
- the wire 34 for forming the carbon nanotubes is long, and thus protrudes from the plasma generation region of the coil 32, the wire 34 is moved relative to the coil 32 so as to extend over the entire length of the wire 34. Carbon nanotubes may be deposited.
- the diameter of the central portion 32a in the longitudinal direction of the coil 32 is increased, and the diameter of both end portions 32b is decreased so that the plasma is efficiently confined in the central portion. Try to increase the deposition rate.
- the capacitive coupling type shown in FIG. 20 applies negative DC voltage to the wire 41 applied to the inductively coupled plasma CVD apparatus shown in FIG.
- the wire 41 can be indirectly heated by the heater 42 or the like.
- the DC voltage can be applied only at the initial stage of carbon nanotube formation.
- a coil is wound around the outer periphery of a vacuum chamber. Some of these coils generate plasma in a vacuum chamber by passing a current from a high-frequency power source. In this manufacturing apparatus, it is necessary to supply high-frequency power to the coil from a high-frequency power source through an impedance matching circuit.
- the present embodiment is a manufacturing apparatus that makes it possible to lengthen the plasma by extending the coil without the need to install an impedance matching circuit.
- a conductive cylindrical body having an opening in at least a part of the peripheral wall is disposed in a vacuum chamber under reduced pressure and in a plasma generating gas atmosphere.
- a negative DC voltage is applied to one end of the cylindrical body.
- a cylindrical body having an opening there are a coil whose peripheral wall is spiral, and a cylindrical body whose peripheral wall is mesh-shaped or slit-shaped.
- the shape of the cylindrical body may be any shape that can confine plasma in the space inside.
- a DC negative voltage is applied to one end side of the cylindrical body. Do not connect a DC power supply to the other end of the tube.
- the other end of the coil is set in a floating state, for example. With this configuration, plasma can be generated and confined in the internal space of the coil.
- the extension of the coil is very simple. It is simple and inexpensive as a manufacturing device. In addition, a long plasma can be generated stably over a long period of time.
- this manufacturing apparatus when a carbon film is formed on the surface of a long film formation target, it is only necessary to extend the coil in accordance with the length of the film formation target. Therefore, the film formation cost is low.
- a carbon film for electron emission is formed on the surface of the wire to form a cathode for electron emission, and electrons are emitted by applying an electric field between the cathode and the anode.
- the phosphor can be excited to emit light by colliding the electrons with the phosphor.
- This manufacturing apparatus can be used as a plasma generating apparatus for an apparatus that performs processing using plasma, such as a plasma CVD apparatus, a plasma etching apparatus, and a plasma plating apparatus.
- manufacturing apparatus 50 includes a cylindrical vacuum chamber 52 made of metal such as stainless steel.
- the vacuum chamber 52 may itself be made of metal.
- the vacuum chamber 52 has a structure in which the outer peripheral wall surface is covered with an insulating material from the viewpoint of safety. Can be made of metal.
- the metal material of the vacuum chamber 52 is not particularly limited.
- the vacuum chamber 52 is grounded!
- the vacuum chamber 52 is provided with a gas inlet 54 and a gas outlet 56.
- Plasma generation gas includes active gas and inert gas.
- An example of the active gas is hydrogen gas.
- An example of the inert gas is argon gas.
- the pressure in the vacuum chamber may be in the range of lOPa to lOOOOPa.
- a metal coil 58 is disposed inside the vacuum chamber 52.
- the material of the coil 58 is not particularly limited.
- An example of the material of the coil 58 is stainless steel.
- One end side of the coil 58 is connected to the negative electrode of the DC power supply 60, and a negative DC voltage is applied thereto.
- the positive electrode of the DC power supply 60 is grounded.
- the inside of the vacuum chamber 52 is at the same potential as the positive potential of the DC power supply 60.
- the other end side of the coil 58 is floated.
- the other end of the coil 58 need not be floating.
- the other end side of the coil 58 may be connected to one end side thereof.
- the wire diameter of the coil 58 is not particularly limited. For example, 2mm to 25mm.
- the spacing between the coils 58 is not particularly limited. For example, 2mm to 20mm. These wire diameters and spacings can be appropriately determined by experiments and the like.
- the DC power supply 60 is preferably a voltage variable type.
- the voltage of the DC power supply 60 ranges from 100V to 2000V.
- the voltage of the DC power supply 60 can be appropriately determined by experiments or the like.
- the inside of the vacuum chamber 52 is depressurized.
- the gas inlet 54 force also introduces hydrogen gas as a plasma generating gas.
- plasma 64 is generated in the internal space of the coil 58.
- FIG. 23A and FIG. 23B show how the plasma 64 is generated in the internal space of the coil 58 by the manufacturing apparatus 50 corresponding to the present embodiment manufactured by the present inventor and arranged in the laboratory. It is a photograph shown. Although there is no sign in the photograph, the coil 58, the wire 62, and the plasma 64 are clearly photographed.
- a method for forming a carbon film using the manufacturing apparatus 50 will be described.
- An electrically conductive wire 62 is disposed inside the coil 58.
- the AC power source 63 is connected to both ends of the wire 62 to heat the wire 62.
- H2 gas and CH4 gas are introduced from the gas inlet 54. Vacuum Reduce the internal pressure of the chamber and apply the negative potential of the DC power supply 20 to the coil 58.
- plasma 64 is generated in the internal space of the coil 58.
- the CH4 gas is decomposed and a carbon film is formed on the surface of the wire 62.
- the SEM (scanning electron microscope) image in FIG. 23C shows the state of the carbon film manufactured by the manufacturing apparatus in FIG. Manufacturing conditions are 5ccm for CH, 300ccm for H, substrate temperature 750 ° C, pressure
- the power is 2000Pa
- the DC power is 3000W
- the noise is 120V
- the deposition time is 15 minutes.
- FIG. 23C (Photo 1) is an electron micrograph of an applied voltage of 3. OkV between the anode and the cathode and a magnification of 100000 times.
- (Photo 2) is an enlargement (4300 times) of (Photo 1).
- Figure 23D conceptually shows the structure of the carbon film shown in the photograph above.
- FIG. 23E conceptually shows the acicular carbon film of FIG. 23D.
- the first film F1 is a carbon nanowall having a mesh shape.
- the second film F2 is surrounded by the first film F1.
- the second film F2 has a needle shape whose tip is an electron emission point.
- the tip of the second film F2 is higher than the first film F1.
- the third film F3 is formed so as to cling to the lower part of the second film F2.
- the first film F1 is continuously formed on the substrate S, and when viewed from the plane direction, the whole is almost mesh-like.
- the height (H) of the first film F1 is about lOnm or less, and the width (W) is about 4 nm to 8 nm.
- the second film F2 is formed to a height (h) higher than the height (H) of the first film F1, for example, about 60 m.
- the shape of the third film F3 viewed from the side is generally flared. This shape is, for example, a conical shape. However, it is described as an easy-to-understand expression that does not mean a geometrically perfect conical shape, and actually has various shapes such as a laterally spread state and a spiral state. In any case, the third film F3 can support the second film F2 mechanically and firmly on the substrate S by contacting the substrate S with a wide bottom area. Electrical contact is secured.
- the electric field is strongly concentrated on the tip of the second film F2. Electric field concentration does not occur in the first film F1.
- the second film F2 blocks the mutual electric field concentration action by the first film F1.
- An appropriate interval (D) is set, for example, about 100 / zm.
- the degree of aggregation of the second film F2 has a very small effect on the electric field concentration of the second film F2 for each first film F1, which is not as dense as the conventional carbon nanotubes! /.
- the second film F2 is highly oriented and has good electron emission characteristics. Therefore, the phosphor can be uniformly excited and emitted in the field emission lamp. Therefore, the field emission lamp can emit light uniformly.
- the third film F3 can provide good electrical contact with the substrate for flowing current.
- the second film F2 can exhibit high electric field concentration performance.
- 8 in the Fowler-Nordheim equation is the radius at an arbitrary position (base in the embodiment)! :, Where h is the height from that position to the tip, and is expressed by the hZr formula.
- the radius of the second film F3 decreases from the arbitrary position toward the tip. In the above description, the case where the radius decreases toward the tip as a whole is included even if there is a portion where the radius is partially large from any position to the tip. In addition, it is not necessary to limit the intermediate part between the tip of any position force and the case where it is straight.
- the arbitrary position may be an intermediate position force that is not limited to the base of the carbon film.
- the tip portion having the minimum radius becomes the maximum electric field concentration portion, and the electric field emission is performed.
- Field emission at that part When saturates, field radiation occurs in the part where the radius gradually increases while maintaining the field radiation in that part.
- the Faura Nordheim equation is an equation that describes the field density of the current emission into the vacuum. This formula is
- I is a field emission current
- s is a field emission area
- ⁇ is a constant
- F is an electric field strength
- ⁇ is a work function
- B is a constant
- ⁇ is an electric field concentration factor
- V is an applied voltage.
- the electric field concentration factor j8 is a coefficient for converting the applied voltage V into the electric field strength F (V / cm) according to the shape of the tip and the geometrical shape of the element.
- FIG. 24 shows a configuration of another manufacturing apparatus 50.
- the positive electrode of the DC power source 60 is provided inside the vacuum chamber 52. Also in this manufacturing apparatus 50, plasma 64 is generated in the internal space of the coil 52.
- This embodiment relates to a novel carbon film structure (which can be named carbon metal nanotree).
- the structure of the carbon nanotube is a columnar shape having a high aspect ratio.
- Carbon nanotubes are used in field emission electron emission sources.
- Carbon nanotubes have a high resistance because of their high aspect ratio. As a result, the amount of current is insufficient and the electron emission performance is easily affected. Therefore, the amount of current consumed to maintain high electron emission performance is large.
- This embodiment has a high-density electron emission point, high aspect ratio, high conductivity, low current consumption,
- This carbon membrane structure consists of carbon nanotubes (trunk carbon nanotubes) that extend like tree trunks, and many carbon nanotubes (branch carbon nanotubes) like the branches of this carbon nanotube Branch into a high orientation.
- Branched carbon nanotubes constitute electron emission points where electric field concentration tends to occur.
- the carbon film structure can constitute a cold cathode electron source that can emit electrons with high efficiency.
- metal is encapsulated in the space inside the carbon nanotube, and the conductivity is improved. This improves the current supply performance and improves the electron emission performance.
- the encapsulated metal is one or more of magnetic metals such as iron, nickel, cobalt, etc., which are metal catalysts for carbon nanotube growth, and these alloys can be selected. This makes it applicable to magnetic recording materials, sliding materials, wear-resistant materials, semiconductor materials, etc.
- the carbon film structure of the present embodiment includes a large amount of metal. Nanoscale metal is held stably. It can be expected to be applied in many industrial fields due to its conductivity and magnetic properties. For example, there is an application to a storage medium such as a magnetic disk.
- the branched carbon nanotubes are highly oriented on the trunk carbon nanotubes. For this reason, the metal encapsulated in the stem-like carbon nanotubes is also highly oriented, and is excellent in stabilizing magnetic properties.
- the carbon film structure of the present embodiment When the carbon film structure of the present embodiment is applied to a cold cathode electron source, it can provide a cold cathode electron source having a high emission point density and a high electron emission performance. Since it contains a metal, it can be applied to magnetic recording materials, sliding materials, wear-resistant materials, semiconductor materials, and the like.
- a metal coil containing a catalytic metal for carbon nanotube growth is placed in a vacuum chamber.
- the number of metal coils may be one or more.
- a high resistance metal wire is placed in the metal coil.
- the vacuum chamber is depressurized and a mixed gas of hydrogen gas and carbon-based gas is introduced into the vacuum chamber. Maintain the potential of the metal wire at a negative potential and generate heat when energized.
- High frequency voltage is applied between both ends of the metal coil! ] To generate plasma with mixed gas around the metal coil.
- carbon metal nanotrees having the carbon film structure of the embodiment are formed on the surface of the metal wire.
- the metal coil can be composed of only a catalytic metal.
- a catalyst metal film formed on a metal can be used. Fe, Ni and Co are preferred as the catalyst metal.
- Other catalyst metals include Y, Rh, Pd, Pt, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, and Lu.
- nickel-based stainless steel such as 18-8 stainless steel (SUS304), chrome-based stainless steel such as 18 chrome stainless steel (SUS430), 13 chrome stainless steel (SUS410) in Japanese Industrial Standard JIS. be able to.
- metal wire -chrome wire can be used.
- the heat generation temperature of the metal wire can be about 500 ° C to 1000 ° C.
- Metal wire is maintained at a negative potential of about 20V to 1400V. Can have.
- the pressure of the vacuum chamber can be lOPa ⁇ : LOOOPa.
- the carbon-based gas is not limited to methane gas, and a hydrocarbon-based gas such as acetylene or ethane can be selected.
- a plasma space is generated around the metal coil by a mixed gas, and the catalyst metal contained in the metal coil is sputtered by the plasma, and the sputtered metal particles are formed on the surface of the metal wire. Adhere to.
- catalytic metal adheres to the metal wire, carbon nanotubes grow on the surface of the metal wire due to the catalytic action of this catalytic metal.
- the stem-shaped carbon nanotubes grow, and the branch-like carbon nanotubes branch and grow as the stem-shaped carbon nanotubes grow.
- the catalyst metal is encapsulated in the space inside the carbon nanotube.
- the carbon nanotube is maintained at a negative potential on the metal wire side, the high frequency voltage is applied to the metal coil, and the stem carbon nanotube is formed in the direction of the electric field formed by the application, that is, in the equipotential surface. Oriented in the vertical direction.
- the branched carbon nanotubes are also oriented in the same direction. In this way, it is possible to obtain a carbon film structure having a tree structure in which branched carbon nanotubes are branched in a highly oriented manner from a plurality of locations of the trunk carbon nanotubes included in the metal.
- the carbon film structure produced by the above production steps is shown in the electron micrographs of Figs.
- the manufacturing conditions are as follows: the vacuum chamber is 100 Pa, the metal coil is 18-8 stainless steel (SUS304), the metal wire is Nichrome wire, and the heating temperature is 700 when the Nichrome wire is energized.
- the negative potential of C and Nichrome wire is -100V, and the mixed gas is hydrogen gas and methane gas.
- a direct light source and an edge light method as a planar light source that performs illumination having a planar spread.
- the planar light source is disposed directly below the liquid crystal display device.
- a light guide plate is disposed immediately below the liquid crystal display device.
- a planar light source is arranged in parallel with the end face of the light guide plate.
- the edge light system is the mainstream instead of the direct system.
- the edge light method it is difficult to expect high brightness if the incident efficiency of light incident on the light guide plate is low.
- the direct method allows light to be directly incident on the liquid crystal display device, and the light incident efficiency is extremely high.
- an anode in which a phosphor is formed inside a vacuum seal between a rear panel and a front panel, and an electron emission cathode disposed opposite to the anode are arranged.
- the front panel side is attached to the back surface of the liquid crystal display device, and the internal light emission is emitted to the liquid crystal display device through the front panel.
- This front panel is made of a transparent member such as glass in order to increase the efficiency of light incident on the liquid crystal display device.
- the front panel force generates heat due to the light emitted from the phosphor and thermally expands.
- the front panel is made of glass.
- the anode part is also a metal material. Therefore, there is a difference in thermal expansion between the front panel and the anode part. This generates thermal stress on the front panel.
- thermal stress overlaps factors such as repetition of light emission and extinction of the planar light source, internal vacuum pressure, and thin structure of the front panel, and deforms the front panel. Deformation of the front panel may cause a decrease in brightness uniformity and, in the extreme, damage.
- a thermal stress relieving material is provided between the front panel and the anode portion to relieve the thermal stress generated in the front panel.
- the thermal stress relaxation material is preferably a relaxation material having a layered structure.
- This relaxation material has, for example, my strength.
- My strength includes natural strength such as soda mica, red strength, white strength, black strength, gold strength, iron strength, and so on. The artificial my power replaced with is preferred! /.
- the thermal stress relaxation material absorbs the difference in thermal expansion and contraction between the front panel and the anode part. As a result, the front panel is prevented from being deformed by thermal stress even if light emission and emission stop are repeated, or even if the inside is a vacuum and the front panel has a thin structure.
- the anode part can be supported by a heat-resistant support member and the heat-resistant support member can be provided in a state where it can move to the side panel.
- Quartz glass, Tempax glass, Pycoal glass, Neoceram glass, Pyrex (registered trademark) glass, or the like can be used as the heat resistant support member. These glasses have excellent strength such as high durability against rapid cooling and rapid heating and high impact resistance.
- the front panel is not subjected to thermal stress with the anode part due to the difference in thermal expansion and contraction thereof. As a result, similar to the above, the front panel is prevented from being deformed by thermal stress.
- the field emission lamp 70 has a panel case provided with a vacuum sealed space by a rear nonel 72, a front panel 74 facing the rear panel 72, and a side panel 76 rising vertically from the periphery of the rear panel 72.
- the rear panel 72 is surrounded by a side panel 76 to form a shallow recess, and the recess is sealed with a front panel 74 !.
- FIGS. 31 and 32 For convenience of explanation, the directions are shown in FIGS. 31 and 32.
- FIG. 31 the vertical direction is called the vertical direction
- FIG. 32 the direction perpendicular to the paper is called the vertical direction.
- the left-right direction in Figs. 31 and 32 perpendicular to the vertical direction is referred to as the horizontal direction (one direction in the plane).
- the planar light source When the vertical dimension is short, the planar light source is thin, and when the planar dimension is large, the light emission area of the planar light source is large.
- the rear panel 72 and the side panel 76 are also molded with an insulating material such as grease.
- the inner surfaces of the rear panel 72 and the side panel 76 are preferably subjected to light reflection treatment such as aluminum deposition.
- the front panel 74 is formed from a light-transmissive insulating material such as transparent or translucent glass resin.
- a plurality of electron emission portions 86 are arranged on the inner surface of the rear panel 72 at equal intervals in the horizontal direction.
- the electron emission portion 86 is composed of a conductive wire 86a extending long in the depth direction, and a carbon film 86b such as a carbon nanotube or a carbon nanowall provided on the outer surface of the conductive wire 86a. Yes.
- an anode portion 84 that emits light by irradiation with electrons emitted from the electron emission portion 86 is provided.
- the anode section 84 is composed of an anode 84a made of a transparent electrode such as an ITO film or a light transmissive electrode such as an aluminum vapor deposition film, and a phosphor 84b on the anode 84a.
- the difference in thermal expansion and contraction between the front panel 74 and the anode portion 84 is between the inner surface 74a of the front panel 74 and the outer surface 84c of the anode portion 84.
- a thermal stress relaxation material 88 is provided to relieve the thermal stress generated in the front panel 74 due to this.
- the thermal stress relaxation material 88 preferably has a layered structure, for example, My force can be used.
- the front panel 74 is made of glass, and the anode 84a of the anode portion 84 is made of metal, and there is a difference in thermal expansion and contraction between the two.
- anode 84a is made of metal, the amount of thermal expansion and contraction is extremely small even when the temperature is increased by heating with the light emitted from phosphor 84a.
- the front panel 74 is made of glass, and its thermal expansion / shrinkage amount is larger than that of the anode 84a, and heat is easily accumulated inside and the thermal stress tends to remain immediately.
- the thermal stress relaxation material 88 that relaxes the thermal stress is interposed between the anode 84a and the front panel 74, even if the front panel 74 is heated by the light emitted from the phosphor 84a, The front panel 74 is not affected by the difference in thermal expansion and contraction from the anode 84a. Thermal stress hardly remains. As a result, deformation of the front panel 74 can be prevented.
- the field emission lamp of the embodiment can be used as a backlight having excellent durability even if it is large and thin.
- the anode part 84 is supported by the heat-resistant support member 90, and both ends of the support member 90 are interposed in the concave support part 76a on the inner surface of the side panel 76 with a slight gap.
- the support member 90 can be made of a heat resistant material such as quartz.
- the anode portion 84 is supported by the support member 90, and the support member 90 is provided in the support portion 76a so as to be movable with respect to the side panel 76. Even if there is a difference in thermal expansion and contraction with the anode part 84, the front panel 72 does not receive thermal stress with the anode part 84.
- Fig. 39 shows another modification of the cylindrical body.
- the cylindrical body placed inside the vacuum chamber is It should have an opening in one side or both ends or the peripheral wall.
- the cylindrical body may be a cylindrical body 100 having a mesh-like peripheral wall or a cylindrical body 101 having a slit-like peripheral wall in addition to a coil having a spiral peripheral wall.
- the shape of the other opening may be arbitrary.
- the cylindrical body may have a rectangular cross section, not limited to a circular cross section.
- Fig. 40 shows another modification of the manufacturing apparatus.
- the vacuum chamber 112 has a gas inlet 114 and a gas outlet 116.
- the internal pressure of the vacuum chamber 112 is in the range of lOPa to lOOOOPa.
- a coil 120 that is a cylindrical body is disposed inside the vacuum chamber 112.
- a conductive wire 122 is disposed in the internal space of the coil 120.
- the coil 120 extends straight in one direction.
- the internal space of the coil 120 is a cylindrical plasma generating space extending long in one direction.
- the wire rod 122 is disposed in this internal space and extends in an elongated shape.
- the coil 120 and the conductive wire 122 are opposed to each other with a required space in the extending direction.
- One end of the coil 120 is connected to the negative electrode of a voltage variable type DC power supply 124.
- the wire rod 122 is connected to the positive electrode of the DC power source 124.
- the vacuum chamber 112 is depressurized and hydrogen gas is introduced as a plasma generating gas from the gas inlet 114, and the negative potential of the DC power supply 124 is changed to the cylindrical body 120 When applied to, plasma 126 is generated in the internal space of the cylindrical body 120.
- a wire rod 122 is disposed inside the coil 120. Both ends of the wire rod 122 may be connected to the AC power source 123 to heat the wire rod 122. From the gas inlet 114, hydrogen gas is introduced as a plasma generating gas, and, for example, methane gas is introduced as a carbon-based gas for forming a carbon film on the surface of the wire 122. Then, the internal pressure of the vacuum chamber 112 is reduced. A negative potential of the DC power supply 124 is applied to the coil 120, and a positive potential is applied to the wire 122. As a result, plasma 126 is generated in the internal space of the coil 120. The methane gas is decomposed by the plasma 126, and a carbon film is formed on the surface of the wire 122 by this.
- the coil 120 is a solid carbon source in the above, hydrogen ions in the hydrogen plasma collide at high speed with the coil 120, which is a solid carbon source to which a negative DC potential is applied. Carbon jumps out.
- the ejected carbon chemically bonds with the hydrogen ions in the plasma (CxHy) and becomes a hydrocarbon compound and collides with the wire 122.
- the hydrocarbon compound force that collided with the wire rod 122 also ejected hydrogen and carbon on the surface of the wire rod 122 Stops and accumulates. As a result, a carbon film is formed on the surface of the wire 122.
- FIG. 41 is a configuration diagram of another carbon film manufacturing apparatus. This manufacturing equipment has a gas pressure of 0.1 to
- a 50 Torr vacuum chamber 130 is provided.
- a coil 131 is disposed as a cylindrical body.
- Hydrogen gas and carbon-based gas are introduced into the vacuum chamber 130 as the raw material gas for forming the carbon film.
- a high frequency power source 132 and a DC power source 133 are applied to the tubular body 131 as plasma generation voltages.
- the high frequency power supply 132 is connected between both ends of the coil 131, and the DC power supply 133 is connected to one end side of the coil 131.
- a high frequency voltage is applied across the coil 131.
- a negative DC voltage is applied to one end side of the coil 131.
- a voltage obtained by superimposing a high-frequency voltage on a negative DC voltage is applied to the coil 131.
- plasma 134 is generated in the internal space of the coil 131.
- a preferable carbon film is formed on the surface of the wire 135 which is a base material disposed inside the cylindrical body 131 by the plasma 134.
- a cylindrical body having at least one opening at least in part may be used.
- the manufacturing conditions are as follows: CH is 5 ccm, H is 300 ccm, and substrate temperature is 7
- Carbon films as shown in FIGS. 23C to 23E could be produced in C, pressure 2000 Pa, DC power 3000 W, high-frequency power 500 W, noise 120 V, and deposition time 10 minutes. Industrial applicability
- the carbon film manufacturing method according to the present invention is useful for manufacturing a carbon film for electron emission in a field emission lamp, an electron source, or the like.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP05793094A EP1834925A1 (en) | 2005-01-05 | 2005-10-13 | Apparatus for manufacturing carbon film by plasma cvd, method for manufacturing the same, and carbon film |
KR1020127023664A KR101342356B1 (ko) | 2005-01-05 | 2005-10-13 | 플라스마 cvd를 이용한 탄소 막 생성 방법과 탄소 막 |
KR1020057023130A KR101313919B1 (ko) | 2005-01-05 | 2005-10-13 | 플라스마 cvd를 이용한 탄소 막 생성 장치 및 방법과,탄소 막 |
CN2005800003526A CN1906127B (zh) | 2005-01-05 | 2005-10-13 | 使用等离子体cvd制备碳膜的装置和方法以及碳膜 |
US10/558,874 US8808856B2 (en) | 2005-01-05 | 2005-10-13 | Apparatus and method for producing carbon film using plasma CVD and carbon film |
Applications Claiming Priority (10)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2005-000800 | 2005-01-05 | ||
JP2005000800A JP2006188382A (ja) | 2005-01-05 | 2005-01-05 | カーボンナノチューブの製造方法 |
JP2005-000803 | 2005-01-05 | ||
JP2005000803A JP4676764B2 (ja) | 2005-01-05 | 2005-01-05 | フィールドエミッション型面状光源 |
JP2005-088813 | 2005-03-25 | ||
JP2005088813A JP2005307352A (ja) | 2004-03-25 | 2005-03-25 | 炭素膜の製造装置およびその製造方法 |
JP2005115558A JP4917758B2 (ja) | 2005-04-13 | 2005-04-13 | カーボン金属ナノツリーおよびその製造方法 |
JP2005-115558 | 2005-04-13 | ||
JP2005115560A JP4925600B2 (ja) | 2005-04-13 | 2005-04-13 | プラズマ発生装置およびこれを用いた成膜方法 |
JP2005-115560 | 2005-04-13 |
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WO2006073017A1 true WO2006073017A1 (ja) | 2006-07-13 |
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Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP1834925A1 (ja) |
KR (2) | KR101342356B1 (ja) |
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Cited By (7)
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JP2007048603A (ja) * | 2005-08-10 | 2007-02-22 | Dialight Japan Co Ltd | 炭素膜、電子放出源およびフィールドエミッション型の照明ランプ |
JP2009242239A (ja) * | 2009-07-27 | 2009-10-22 | Life Technology Research Institute Inc | 炭素膜構造 |
JP2010177186A (ja) * | 2009-02-02 | 2010-08-12 | Kochi Fel Kk | 電界放出型光源 |
WO2011138837A1 (ja) * | 2010-05-06 | 2011-11-10 | 高知Fel株式会社 | 電界放出型光源 |
JP2012138340A (ja) * | 2010-12-27 | 2012-07-19 | Qinghua Univ | 電界放出陰極素子及びその製造方法 |
CN103523768A (zh) * | 2013-09-27 | 2014-01-22 | 武汉博力信纳米科技有限公司 | 箱体密封化学气相反应制备连续碳纳米管纤维的装置和方法 |
US9656870B2 (en) | 2007-12-12 | 2017-05-23 | Nippon Steel & Sumikin Chemical Co., Ltd | Metal encapsulated dendritic carbon nanostructure, carbon nanostructure, process for producing metal encapsulated dendritic carbon nanostructure, process for producing carbon nanostructure, and capacitor |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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TW201233253A (en) * | 2011-01-26 | 2012-08-01 | Bing-Li Lai | Plasma reaction method and apparatus |
KR101400163B1 (ko) * | 2012-02-27 | 2014-05-28 | 한밭대학교 산학협력단 | 탄소나노트리 및 그의 제조방법 |
KR101415175B1 (ko) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-04 | 인하대학교 산학협력단 | 열플라즈마를 이용한 그래핀의 제조 방법 |
KR102023415B1 (ko) * | 2018-08-27 | 2019-09-23 | (주)네프 | 탄소 나노 코팅 전극을 갖는 하이브리드 스위치 |
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JP2010177186A (ja) * | 2009-02-02 | 2010-08-12 | Kochi Fel Kk | 電界放出型光源 |
JP2009242239A (ja) * | 2009-07-27 | 2009-10-22 | Life Technology Research Institute Inc | 炭素膜構造 |
WO2011138837A1 (ja) * | 2010-05-06 | 2011-11-10 | 高知Fel株式会社 | 電界放出型光源 |
JP2012138340A (ja) * | 2010-12-27 | 2012-07-19 | Qinghua Univ | 電界放出陰極素子及びその製造方法 |
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TW200630505A (en) | 2006-09-01 |
TWI403611B (zh) | 2013-08-01 |
KR20120117930A (ko) | 2012-10-24 |
TWI429781B (ja) | 2014-03-11 |
KR101342356B1 (ko) | 2013-12-16 |
KR20070114327A (ko) | 2007-12-03 |
EP1834925A1 (en) | 2007-09-19 |
KR101313919B1 (ko) | 2013-10-01 |
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