WO2006059602A1 - 成膜方法及び成膜装置並びに記憶媒体 - Google Patents
成膜方法及び成膜装置並びに記憶媒体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006059602A1 WO2006059602A1 PCT/JP2005/021890 JP2005021890W WO2006059602A1 WO 2006059602 A1 WO2006059602 A1 WO 2006059602A1 JP 2005021890 W JP2005021890 W JP 2005021890W WO 2006059602 A1 WO2006059602 A1 WO 2006059602A1
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- Prior art keywords
- metal
- film forming
- gas
- substrate
- reducing
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 138
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 abstract description 42
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 69
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 43
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 35
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- -1 argon ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002482 Cu–Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002052 molecular layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N argon Substances [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001730 nitrous oxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
- C23C14/16—Metallic material, boron or silicon on metallic substrates or on substrates of boron or silicon
- C23C14/165—Metallic material, boron or silicon on metallic substrates or on substrates of boron or silicon by cathodic sputtering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/06—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/0021—Reactive sputtering or evaporation
- C23C14/0036—Reactive sputtering
- C23C14/0057—Reactive sputtering using reactive gases other than O2, H2O, N2, NH3 or CH4
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
- C23C14/3435—Applying energy to the substrate during sputtering
- C23C14/345—Applying energy to the substrate during sputtering using substrate bias
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
- H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
- H01J37/34—Gas-filled discharge tubes operating with cathodic sputtering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/283—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
- H01L21/285—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation
- H01L21/28506—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers
- H01L21/28512—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
- H01L21/2855—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table by physical means, e.g. sputtering, evaporation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/283—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
- H01L21/285—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation
- H01L21/28506—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers
- H01L21/28512—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
- H01L21/28556—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table by chemical means, e.g. CVD, LPCVD, PECVD, laser CVD
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/283—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
- H01L21/285—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation
- H01L21/28506—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers
- H01L21/28512—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
- H01L21/28556—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table by chemical means, e.g. CVD, LPCVD, PECVD, laser CVD
- H01L21/28562—Selective deposition
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76841—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers
- H01L21/76843—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers formed in openings in a dielectric
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76841—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers
- H01L21/76853—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers characterized by particular after-treatment steps
- H01L21/76855—After-treatment introducing at least one additional element into the layer
- H01L21/76856—After-treatment introducing at least one additional element into the layer by treatment in plasmas or gaseous environments, e.g. nitriding a refractory metal liner
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76841—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers
- H01L21/76871—Layers specifically deposited to enhance or enable the nucleation of further layers, i.e. seed layers
- H01L21/76873—Layers specifically deposited to enhance or enable the nucleation of further layers, i.e. seed layers for electroplating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a film forming method and a film forming apparatus for forming a metal alloy thin film on a substrate such as a semiconductor wafer, and further relates to a storage medium storing a program for executing the method.
- semiconductor wafers such as silicon substrates (hereinafter abbreviated as “wafers”), an insulating film formed by a silicon oxide film (Si02 film) or the like.
- Wiring is formed in the form of metal embedded as a conductor! Speak.
- a wiring groove is formed in an insulating film such as a silicon oxide film formed on the surface of the silicon substrate, a metal as a conductor is buried in the wiring groove, and then CMP (chemical There is a known method of removing the excess metal film by mechanical polishing and flattening the wafer surface.
- This embedding is usually performed by electrolytic plating, because when CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) is used, the surface becomes rough and the formed wiring may have different electrical resistances in various places. That is, a noria layer made of titanium nitride (TiN) or the like is first formed on the surface of the formed wiring trench by a technique such as CVD using ALD technology or PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) such as sputtering. .
- This noria layer has a function of suppressing the permeation of the metal constituting the wiring into the insulating film (Si02) when the metal is embedded later.
- ALD atomic Layer D osition
- Sputtering is a high vacuum in which high energy ions such as argon ions are struck against a metal barta, and metal atoms on the surface of the barta are struck out in the same manner as a ball, and the struck metal atoms are removed from the substrate. This is a technique that adheres to the surface in layers.
- a metal thin film called a seed layer is formed on the surface of the Noria layer as an electrode base for electroplating.
- This seed layer is formed with a smooth surface as described above. This is done by using sputtering to obtain the wiring.
- the wiring trench is filled with the same kind of metal as that constituting the seed layer by an electrolytic plating method.
- an insulating film is further formed on the insulating film in which the wiring trench is formed, and a multilayer wiring structure is formed by repeating the same process.
- the metal constituting the plating does not completely fill the wiring trench, and voids are generated in the formed wiring.
- Wiring with voids in this way is stress migration (a phenomenon in which stress acts on the wiring due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the metal wiring and the surrounding insulating film, and metal atoms move in the wiring)
- Migration a phenomenon in which atoms move as a result of electrons colliding with atoms when current flows in the metal
- disconnection is likely to occur.
- the AU has a high strength.
- wiring is formed by using Cu (copper) with low electrical resistance.
- FIG. 6 schematically shows the dynamics of Cu atoms 1 when a seed layer is formed on the wafer W surface by PVD.
- Cu atoms 1 sparsely adhere to the surface of the wafer W, but when the number of Cu atoms 1 adhering to the surface of the wafer W increases (Fig. 6 (a)), the Cu atom 1 is surrounded by It attracts and aggregates with the existing atoms (Fig. 6 (b)). Repeated aggregation As a result, huge Cu molecules 12 like islands form and grow (Fig. 6 (c)).
- An object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.
- the source gases are selected so that different sources do not react with each other.
- One of the challenges is to solve this problem that the degree of freedom of the raw material gas is small.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a technique capable of forming an alloy thin film without considering a combination of metal raw materials.
- a highly cohesive metal is used, a continuous thin film is formed on the surface of a substrate such as a wafer. Further, for example, a high aspect ratio and a wiring groove with a high degree of coverage can be obtained.
- a film method, a film forming apparatus, and a storage medium storing a program for executing the method are provided.
- a film forming method includes a step of carrying a substrate into a reaction vessel and placing the substrate on a placement unit, and then supplying a source gas containing a first metal compound into the reaction vessel. Then, the adsorption step of adsorbing the first metal compound on the surface of the substrate and the first metal compound adsorbed on the substrate do not supply energy for the reduction reaction to the compound.
- the second metal struck by contacting the sputtering plasma obtained by activating the sputtering gas is injected into the first metal layer, and the first metal and the second metal are injected.
- An alloying step for obtaining an alloy layer, the adsorption step, the reduction step and the alloy From step It is characterized by one or more series of cycles.
- the alloying process is performed, for example, while the substrate is heated and annealed thereby, so that the second metal diffuses along the first metal.
- the alloying process is performed after the alloying process.
- the annealing may be performed by heating with another apparatus.
- the energy supplied to the compound for the reduction reaction can be exemplified by, for example, the energy of the reduction plasma obtained by activating the reduction gas. It may be thermal energy or light energy.
- a plasma in which the reducing plasma and the sputtering plasma are mixed is put in a reaction vessel. It can be implemented by generating. More specifically, one of the parallel plate electrodes and the other electrode are used as a mounting portion and a target electrode of the substrate, respectively, and a high frequency voltage is applied between these electrodes to perform the reduction process and the alloying process. May be implemented. Further, the present invention can be implemented by pre-coating the second metal layer on the other electrode of the target electrode, for example, the parallel plate electrode.
- the other electrode is formed with a number of gas supply holes, and is configured to supply the source gas, the reducing gas, and the sputtering gas into the reaction vessel, that is, the gas blowing portion. It is preferable to use both.
- the reducing gas can be, for example, hydrogen gas or ammonia gas, and a suitable example of the first metal is copper.
- a film forming apparatus includes a reaction vessel provided with a placement portion for placing a substrate, a heating unit for heating the substrate placed on the placement portion, A source gas supply means for supplying a source gas containing a first metal compound into the reaction vessel and adsorbing the first metal compound on the surface of the substrate, and a first gas in the reaction vessel A reducing gas supply means for supplying a reducing gas for reducing a metal compound, a means for supplying energy for a reduction reaction to the first metal compound adsorbed on the substrate, and the substrate A target electrode which is different from the first metal and has at least a surface portion made of the second metal, and a sputtering gas for sputtering the target electrode.
- plasma generating means for activating the reducing gas to form a reducing plasma atmosphere in the reaction vessel thermal energy generating means, and Z or light energy generation means are preferred and can be mentioned as examples.
- the substrate mounting portion and the target electrode also serve as, for example, one electrode and the other electrode of parallel plate electrodes, respectively. By applying a high-frequency voltage between these electrodes, the reduction plasma and the sputtering plasma are generated. It may be generated.
- the present invention also stands as a storage medium storing a program for performing the above-described method.
- the storage medium of the present invention carries a film formation process by carrying a substrate into a reaction vessel.
- the program includes a group of instructions for performing the above steps.
- the first metal is adsorbed on the surface of the substrate using the source gas, and then the second metal is adhered to the substrate by the notch and alloyed.
- it can be applied to the formation of the wiring itself.
- the first metal is adsorbed to the bottom even if the aspect ratio of the recess is large.
- the second metal is deposited in the recess by sputtering, but the second metal diffuses along the first metal by heating and annealing the substrate, and as a result, the alloy reaches the bottom of the recess.
- a thin film can be formed, which is superior to the thin film formation method by sputtering alone.
- the utility value of the present invention is great.
- a continuous seed layer having a small film thickness can be formed by applying the method according to the present invention. it can. Therefore, generation of voids in the wiring is suppressed when the wiring is formed by applying plating to the formed seed layer.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view showing an embodiment of a film forming apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a shower head constituting the film forming apparatus.
- FIG. 3 is a process diagram for forming wirings in wiring grooves and via holes on the surface of the wafer W using the film forming apparatus.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a formation process of a seed layer when forming the wiring.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a metal layer formed on the surface of a wafer W using the film forming apparatus.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing Cu dynamics when Cu is used to form a film on the surface of a wafer W.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a film forming apparatus for carrying out the film forming method according to the present invention.
- This apparatus is a film forming apparatus for forming a seed layer made of Cu (copper) on the surface of a wafer W as an object to be processed.
- 2 is a processing container, and a recess 20 is formed at the center of the bottom surface.
- An exhaust port 21 is formed in the side wall of the recess 20, and the exhaust port 21 communicates with the vacuum pump 23 that constitutes a vacuum exhaust unit together with the pressure adjustment unit 22 via the pressure adjustment unit 22.
- the pressure adjusting unit 22 is configured such that, for example, the opening degree of the valve is adjusted by a control signal from the control unit 5 described later, so that the inside of the processing container 2 can be maintained at a predetermined vacuum pressure.
- an opening 24 is formed in the side wall of the processing container 2 so that a transfer arm (not shown) can enter when delivering Ueno and W, and can be opened and closed by a gate valve G.
- a heater 25 made of a resistance heating element and having a heat generation amount controlled by a control unit 5 described later is embedded.
- a mounting table 3 configured as a substrate mounting unit is provided through a support unit 31.
- the mounting table 3 is made of, for example, aluminum and has a cylindrical shape, and the upper surface can suck and hold the wafer W by the action of an electrostatic chuck (not shown).
- a temperature control means 32 that combines a heating means such as a heater and a refrigerant flow path.
- the wafer W is preset by the heat generation of the plasma and the temperature control action of the temperature control means 32. Maintained at a controlled temperature.
- three lift bins 33 for delivering the wafer W to and from a transfer arm (not shown) are provided inside the mounting table 3.
- the lift pin 33 can project and retract, and its elevation is performed by the action of the elevation mechanism 35 via a support member 34 that supports the lower end of the lift pin 33.
- a gas shower head 23 as a gas supply unit is provided on the upper side via an insulating member 2a made of ceramics or the like and a support unit 2b. Further, the first and second gas supply pipes 4a and 4b are connected to the ceiling portion of the gas shower head 23, and a large number of gas supply holes 2c are formed on the lower surface side so that the first gas supply head 2 is provided.
- the gas from the pipe 4a and the second gas supply pipe 4b is configured to be distributed to the processing atmosphere by distributing the force of the gas supply holes 2c without intermingling with each other via the gas flow paths 27 and 28, respectively. .
- a high frequency power supply unit 23b is connected to the gas shower head 23 via a matching unit 23a.
- the high frequency power supply unit 23b is connected to a control unit 5 described later, and is configured to control power based on a control signal from the control unit 5.
- the mounting table 3 is grounded, for example, so that a high-frequency voltage from the matching unit 23b is applied between the gas shower head 23 and the mounting table 3 so that the processing gas can be converted into plasma.
- the high-frequency power supply unit 23b and the matching unit 23a correspond to plasma generating means for generating a reducing plasma and plasma generating means for generating a sputtering plasma.
- Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the gas shower head 23.
- a coating layer 2d pre-coated with a second metal for example, Ni (nickel) is formed so as to face the mounting table 3.
- pre-coating means that a desired metal is pre-coated by CVD, ALD, plating, thermal spraying, or the like.
- power is supplied to the gas showerhead 23.
- the coating layer 2d functions as a target electrode (cathode) when sputtering is performed in the processing vessel 2.
- a negative DC power source 23c may be applied to the target electrode in addition to the high frequency power source unit 23b as shown by a broken line in FIG.
- the upstream side of the first gas supply pipe 4a connected to the ceiling of the gas shower head 23 is branched in the middle, and one end of the gas supply system is the gas supply device group.
- a gas supply source 42 that supplies Ar gas, which is a sputtering gas, is connected via 41.
- the other end of the first gas supply pipe 4a is connected to a gas supply source 44 for supplying H2 (hydrogen) gas for reducing the first metal compound through a gas supply device group 43.
- a gas supply source 44 for supplying H2 (hydrogen) gas for reducing the first metal compound through a gas supply device group 43.
- MFC mass flow controller
- Ar gas and gas supply sources from the gas supply source 42 are controlled by a control signal from the control unit 5.
- the supply and disconnection of H2 gas from 44 is controlled.
- gases such as NH3 (ammonia), N2H4 (hydrazine), NH (CH3) 2 (dimethylamine), N20 (-dinitrogen oxide) may be used as the reducing gas.
- the gas supply device group 43 and the gas shower head 23 correspond to a reducing gas supply means.
- a gas supply device group 45 is connected to the upstream side of the second gas supply pipe 4 b connected to the ceiling of the gas shower head 23.
- a carrier gas supply unit 46 such as Ar is connected to the gas supply device group 45 through a gas supply pipe 4c, and a liquid source supply tank 47 as a liquid source supply source is connected through a liquid source supply pipe 4d. It has been.
- This liquid source supply tank 47 stores Bis (6_ethy ⁇ 2,2-dimethhyl-3,5-decanedionato) copper (hereinafter referred to as Cu (edmdd) 2), which is the liquid of the first metal compound. Being!
- the gas supply device group 45 incorporates, for example, a vaporizer, a liquid mass flow controller (LMFC), a gas mass flow controller MFC, a valve, and the like, and the operation of each unit is controlled by the control unit 5 described later.
- LMFC liquid mass flow controller
- MFC gas mass flow controller
- valve a valve
- the like the operation of each unit is controlled by the control unit 5 described later.
- the compound of Cu which is the first metal
- Cu (hfac) 2 or metal similar to Cu (hfac) 2 and j8-diketone compound are combined.
- Compounds and metal carboxylic acid complexes such as Cu (CH3COO) 2 and Cu (CF3COO) 2 can also be used as metal sources.
- the gas supply device group 45 and the liquid source supply tank 47 correspond to source gas supply means.
- a control unit 5 having a computer power includes a program 51, a memory, a data processing unit having a CPU power, and the like.
- the program 51 has an instruction so that a seed layer can be formed as described in the operation of the apparatus described later.
- the memory has an area where processing parameter values such as processing pressure, processing time, gas flow rate, and power value are written, and these processing parameters are read when the CPU executes each instruction of program 51. Then, a control signal corresponding to the parameter value is sent to each part.
- This program (including a program related to the processing parameter input screen) is stored in a storage medium such as a flexible disk, a compact disk, or an MO (magneto-optical disk) and installed in the control unit 5.
- an insulating film 61 such as Si02 is formed, and a wiring groove 6a and a via hole 6b are formed in the insulating film, and a wafer W including a recess made of the wiring groove 6a and the via hole 6b is formed.
- the surface is already covered with a barrier layer 62 which also has TiN force, for example.
- the gate valve G is opened, and the wafer W is loaded into the processing container 2 by a transfer arm, not shown, and the wafer W is horizontally placed on the mounting table 3. Placed. After the transfer arm is moved out of the processing container 2, the gate valve G is closed, and then the vacuum in the processing container 2 is performed through the exhaust port 21 by the vacuum pump 23, so that the internal pressure becomes 133 Pa (lTorr), for example. Maintained. At this time, the surface of the mounting table 3 is heated to the process temperature, for example, 150 ° C. by the temperature control means 32, and the temperature in the processing container 2 is maintained at, for example, about 50 to 120 ° C. by the heater 25. Yes. Then, the following steps are performed.
- Step 1 Feed raw material into processing vessel 2
- He gas is supplied into the liquid source supply tank 47, and the raw material made of Cu (edmdd) 2 stored in the tank 47 is, for example, at a flow rate of 0.05 to 3 mlZ seconds. Flows in.
- Cu (edmdd) 2 is vaporized to become a raw material gas, which flows through the gas supply pipe 4b and is supplied into the processing container 2 through the gas shower head 23 together with the carrier gas.
- Cu (edmdd) 2 molecules 7 in the processing gas supplied into the processing vessel 2 are heated to 140 ° C, for example!
- a molecular layer of several to several tens of molecules is formed by being adsorbed on the surface of the barrier layer 62 of the wafer W.
- Step 2 Purge and exhaust in the processing vessel
- the purge gas such as Ar gas is evacuated while being supplied into the processing container 2, and then the supply of the purge gas is stopped. A certain butterfly valve is fully opened so that the inside of the processing container 2 is pulled out. Thus, the Cu (edmdd) 2 gas not adsorbed on the barrier layer 62 is removed from the processing container 2.
- the reason for supplying the purge gas in this way is to increase the exhaust efficiency by extruding the source gas with the purge gas.
- Step 3 Reduction of raw material and sputtering
- H 2 gas from the gas supply source 44 and Ar gas from the gas supply source 42 are supplied into the processing container 2 through the gas supply pipe 4 a and the gas shower head 23.
- a high frequency voltage is applied between the gas shower head 23 which is the upper electrode and the mounting table 3 which is the lower electrode by the high frequency power supply unit 23b, and Ar, which is the sputtering gas, is turned into plasma (activated) and turned into a plasma.
- Ar which is the sputtering gas
- a reduction plasma is generated by converting the H2 gas, which is a reduction gas, into plasma.
- Fig. 4 (b) schematically shows the reaction that occurs in the processing vessel 2 in the state where plasma is generated.
- Active species such as hydrogen ions 71 and hydrogen radicals (not shown) in the plasma react with Cu (edmdd) 2 molecules 7 on the surface of the barrier layer 62 to reduce the molecules, and Cu atoms 7a on the barrier layer 62 surface.
- the edmdd that formed the Cu (edmdd) 2 molecule 7 scatters into the gas phase of the processing vessel 2 as indicated by reference numeral 7b in the figure. That is, the Cu (ed mdd) 2 molecule 7 is reduced by the reducing gas H2 gas and the plasma energy added to the reaction system (in this example, hydrogen gas).
- Ni atoms 73 may not be able to reach the depth of the recess. However, since the wafer w is heated, Ni is an annealing point. Then, it diffuses along the surface of the Cu layer, and as a result, it is injected into the Cu layer up to the bottom of the recess.
- the state of Ni atom 73 and Cu atom 7a is not limited to the case where Ni atom 73 collides with Cu atom 7a after Cu (edm dd) 2 molecule 7 is reduced. Even when Ni atom 73 collides with (edmdd) 2 molecule 7, because of the small amount of Ni, the Cu (edmdd) 2 molecule 7 is reduced by hydrogen plasma, and the Ni73 and Cu7a are combined. Or it becomes a solid solution state. Therefore, the reduction treatment of Cu (edmdd) 2 molecule 7 and the sputtering treatment of Ni may be performed before or after each other, not simultaneously.
- one of the H2 gas and Ar gas is supplied first to generate a plasma in the processing container 2 to cause a reaction, and then the other gas is supplied to generate plasma again. May cause a reaction.
- the reducing gas and the sputtering gas may be the same. For example, when H2 gas is used as these gases and the power of the high-frequency power supply unit 23b is increased, the reduction of the source gas adsorbed by the plasma H2 gas and the sputtering of the target can occur simultaneously.
- Step 4 Purge and exhaust in the processing vessel
- step 1 is performed for 1 second
- step 2 is performed for 1 second
- step 3 is performed for 1 second
- step 4 is performed for 1 second.
- steps 1 to 4 above as shown in Fig. 4 (d)
- the surface of the barrier layer 62 is completely covered with Cu atoms 7a and Ni atoms 73, that is, with a Cu-Ni alloy layer to form a seed layer 63.
- the number of repetitions is, for example, about 5 to 100 times, and the thickness of the seed layer 63 is, for example, about 5 to 10 nm.
- the wafer W is coated with Cu by, for example, an electrolytic plating method, Cu is embedded in the wiring groove 6a and the via hole 6b, which are concave portions, and the surface is further CMPed.
- the wiring 64 is formed by Cu as shown in FIG. 3 (c).
- the so-called ALD (Atomic Layer Deposition) method of adsorbing a molecular layer of a Cu compound on the surface of the wafer W is reduced, and this is reduced to place Cu in the recess. Since it is deposited, Cu can be supplied to the bottom even in the case of a recess having a large aspect ratio. And the force that adheres Ni to Cu by sputtering As described above, Ni diffuses through the Cu layer, so it reaches the bottom of the recess, that is, Cu—Ni alloy layer with good step coverage (step coverage) A seed layer is formed which also has a force.
- ALD Atomic Layer Deposition
- the movement of Cu atoms is suppressed by Ni atoms due to alloying by bonding of Cu atoms and Ni atoms. Therefore, aggregation of Cu atoms and island-like growth of Cu molecules are suppressed, so that the seed layer 63 can be formed as a continuous film. Therefore, by subsequently embedding Cu, it is possible to suppress the generation of voids in the wiring 64 when the wiring 64 is formed, so that high reliability can be obtained for the wiring 64.
- the reducing gas H2 gas and the plasma energy are used to reduce the Cu (edmdd) 2 molecule 7! /, But the energy applied to the reaction system for the reduction is plasma. For example, when the wafer W is heated to a required temperature to supply heat energy and heat energy is applied, or when light energy is applied by irradiating light.
- the wafer W is heated and the Ni is diffused by the heat. Therefore, it is not always necessary to heat the wafer W.
- the wafer W may be separately heated, or the wafer W may be irradiated with laser light.
- the wafer W since sputtered Ni is implanted into the Cu layer, it is possible to diffuse through the Ni force SCu layer to the depth of the recess.
- the Cu seed layer is formed by sputtering, it is based on the idea of combining the Cu (edmdd) 2 molecule 7 reduction process with the Ni sputtering process.
- the film was formed using Cu as the first metal, but the first metal is not limited to Cu, and Ti (titanium), Sn (tin), W (tungsten), Ta (tantalum), Mg ( Magnesium), In (indium), Al (aluminum), Ag (silver), Co (cobalt), Nb (niobium), B (boron), V (vanadium), Mn (manganese) and other metals are preferably used It is done.
- the second metal is not limited to Ni in the above embodiment, and can be selected from the metals.
- the seed layer 63 may be made of an alloy having three or more metal forces in addition to the above-described alloy in which two kinds of metals such as Cu and Ni are bonded. That is, for example, after depositing the second metal on the wafer surface, evacuating, and then adsorbing the third metal onto the wafer surface by sputtering, an alloy having three kinds of metal power may be formed on the wafer surface. Good.
- the upper electrode force that opposes the mounting table 3 is replaced with a gas shutter head that supplies gas, and a gas supply port is provided separately from the upper electrode, for example, on the side wall of the reaction vessel 2. It may be. Furthermore, even if the target electrode is not made by pre-coating the second metal on the lower surface of the upper electrode, the material of the upper electrode itself may be made of the second metal. However, if pre-coating is applied, the pre-coating portion disappears. Then, pre-coating can be performed again, so that there is an advantage that the entire electrode need not be replaced.
- the present embodiment is not limited to the formation of the seed layer, and may be applied, for example, to the formation of the entire wiring layer, or to the formation of thin films of other alloys.
- the electrode for converting the reducing gas and the sputtering gas into a plasma and the target electrode may be separate.
- the target electrode is mounted on the mounting table by using an inductively coupled plasma system. Can be mentioned as a structure arranged opposite to each other.
- a seed layer was formed on the surface of the bare silicon wafer using the film forming apparatus described in detail in the embodiment.
- Cu (e dmdd) 2 was used as the first metal compound, and Ni was used as the second metal.
- the experiment was performed by generating a reducing plasma using H2 gas as the reducing gas and generating a sputtering plasma using Ar gas as the sputtering gas.
- Three seed layers were obtained by changing the sputtering conditions without changing the Cu layer deposition conditions.
- the Ni content (atomic%) in the seed layer of each layer is 9 atomic%, 17 atomic%, and 36 atomic%, and these are designated as Examples 1 to 3, respectively.
- the seed layer as Comparative Example of the seed layer is not performed knotter (Ni 0 atom 0/0) were taken using a state a scanning electron microscope in our Keru wafer surface to each of these examples (SEM).
- Each of the displayed images is an image obtained by photographing the wafer surface from the upper side, and a lower image is an enlarged image of the wafer surface. From FIGS. 5 (b) to (d), it can be seen that the metal is densely spread on the wafer surface in each example. In addition, it can be seen that the surface of the wafer in the comparative example compared to the example is severely uneven because Cu is agglomerated as a macromolecule as shown in Fig. 5 (a). Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the sheet resistance of the wafer in each example could be measured, but the sheet resistance of the wafer in the comparative example could not be measured. That is, the seed layer in each example is formed as a continuous film. It can be seen that the seed layer in the comparative example is a discontinuous film. Therefore, it has been proved that the use of the method and apparatus according to the present invention can suppress the occurrence of discontinuities when forming the seed layer.
- a semiconductor wafer is used as the substrate, but an LCD substrate, a glass substrate, or a ceramic substrate may be used.
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Abstract
Description
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JP7175266B2 (ja) | 2016-09-23 | 2022-11-18 | アプライド マテリアルズ インコーポレイテッド | スパッタリングシャワーヘッド |
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KR100965400B1 (ko) * | 2007-11-28 | 2010-06-24 | 국제엘렉트릭코리아 주식회사 | 플라스마를 이용한 박막 증착 방법 |
WO2010027112A1 (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2010-03-11 | Integrated Process Systems Ltd | Method of manufacturing multi-level metal thin film and apparatus for manufacturing the same |
JPWO2011033987A1 (ja) * | 2009-09-17 | 2013-02-14 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 成膜方法、半導体素子の製造方法、絶縁膜および半導体素子 |
KR102520472B1 (ko) * | 2016-09-09 | 2023-04-12 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 기판 처리 장치 및 이를 이용한 반도체 장치의 제조 방법 |
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- 2005-11-29 CN CNB2005800276167A patent/CN100523293C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-11-29 WO PCT/JP2005/021890 patent/WO2006059602A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-11-29 KR KR1020077012057A patent/KR100873504B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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Cited By (3)
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WO2009041282A1 (ja) * | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-02 | Tokyo Electron Limited | 成膜装置、成膜方法、記憶媒体及びガス供給装置 |
JP2009088229A (ja) * | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-23 | Tokyo Electron Ltd | 成膜装置、成膜方法、記憶媒体及びガス供給装置 |
JP7175266B2 (ja) | 2016-09-23 | 2022-11-18 | アプライド マテリアルズ インコーポレイテッド | スパッタリングシャワーヘッド |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US8721846B2 (en) | 2014-05-13 |
KR20070073947A (ko) | 2007-07-10 |
CN100523293C (zh) | 2009-08-05 |
CN101006199A (zh) | 2007-07-25 |
KR100873504B1 (ko) | 2008-12-15 |
US20090145744A1 (en) | 2009-06-11 |
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