WO2006043507A1 - エンジン用部品 - Google Patents
エンジン用部品 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006043507A1 WO2006043507A1 PCT/JP2005/019037 JP2005019037W WO2006043507A1 WO 2006043507 A1 WO2006043507 A1 WO 2006043507A1 JP 2005019037 W JP2005019037 W JP 2005019037W WO 2006043507 A1 WO2006043507 A1 WO 2006043507A1
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- Prior art keywords
- plating layer
- chromium plating
- layer
- chromium
- engine
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/16—Selection of particular materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/04—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of chromium
- C25D3/06—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of chromium from solutions of trivalent chromium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2530/00—Selection of materials for tubes, chambers or housings
- F01N2530/02—Corrosion resistive metals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
- Y10T428/12826—Group VIB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12847—Cr-base component
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an engine component, and more particularly to an engine component that is exposed to a high temperature by a high-temperature exhaust gas from which engine power is also discharged.
- FIG. 9 is a side view showing an example of a sports-type motorcycle.
- a motorcycle 200 shown in FIG. 9 includes a V-type engine 201 and an exhaust pipe 202 for guiding exhaust gas.
- the V-type engine 201 includes a cylinder 203, a cylinder head 204, and a head cover 205. Since the V-type engine 201 has an excellent aesthetic appearance, it has a great influence on the appearance of the entire motorcycle that is often mounted on the motorcycle so as to be exposed to the outside.
- the exhaust pipe 202 is led from each of the two cylinders 203 of the V-type engine 201, is assembled into one, and is extended to the rear wheel side so as to eject exhaust gas from the rear part of the vehicle body.
- the exhaust pipe 202 needs to have a predetermined thickness in order to efficiently exhaust the exhaust gas generated in the engine 201, and in the portion constituting the silencer 202a, the silencer 202a
- the diameter increases to accommodate the structure for. For this reason, the proportion of the exhaust pipe in the overall appearance of the motorcycle is relatively large.
- the shape and color of the exhaust pipe have a great influence on the overall design of the motorcycle.
- Engine parts such as the cylinder 203, the cylinder head 204, and the head cover 205, and the exhaust pipe 202 and its cover for guiding exhaust gas also by the engine power are referred to as engine parts in the present specification.
- engine parts are important factors in determining the design of the entire motorcycle.
- Decorative chrome plating has excellent metallic luster and excellent corrosion resistance, and is therefore used in various fields other than engine parts. To obtain excellent appearance and corrosion resistance, it is not necessary to form a thick decorative chrome finish. On the other hand, if the decorative chrome plating is formed thickly, the color tone and surface finish will deteriorate. For this reason, decorative chrome plating is generally used at a thickness of 0.1 m force to 0.15 m.
- hard chromium plating (industrial chromium plating) is also widely used in industrial products.
- Hard chromium plating is used for sliding parts of various machine parts because of its low friction coefficient and excellent wear resistance. Due to the requirement for wear resistance, hard chrome plating is usually formed with a thickness of several meters or more. Further, hard chrome plating does not have a surface with excellent decorative properties like decorative chrome plating.
- decorative chrome plating after plating has a surface roughness (Ra) of 1 ⁇ m or less, typically 0.2 ⁇ m or less, whereas hard chrome plating is 1 ⁇ m. It has the above surface roughness.
- a chromic acid plating solution containing hexavalent chromium (Cr 6+ ) is usually used to form a decorative chromium plating.
- Hexavalent chromium is inexpensive, and the chromium plating layer formed from a plating solution containing hexavalent chromium (hereinafter referred to as hexavalent chromium plating solution) has good adhesion to the base material. Corrosion resistance is excellent in wear resistance.
- Sarameko a chromium plating layer formed from hexavalent chromium plating solution, has a silvery white color with a unique metallic luster. For these reasons, hexavalent chromium plating solution is widely used for motorcycle engine parts.
- hexavalent chromium is known to be highly toxic to living organisms, and when plating with hexavalent chromium plating solution, safety of workers is ensured and environmental pollution is prevented. It has become necessary to do that!
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-41933
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 52-065138
- Patent Document 3 JP-A 52-092834
- Patent Document 4 JP-A-9-95793
- Patent Document 5 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-228069
- a plating solution containing trivalent chromium (hereinafter referred to as a trivalent chromium plating solution).
- a chromium plating layer formed using a conventional trivalent chromium plating solution is not suitable for the growth of the chromium plating layer and the corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the formed chromium plating layer.
- Engine parts are heated to a high temperature by heat generated by combustion of fuel and high-temperature exhaust gas.
- a chromium plating layer is formed on an engine part using a conventional trivalent chromium plating solution, there is a problem that the chromium plating layer is easily cracked by heating. If a crack occurs in the chrome plating layer, the rust is also generated on the chrome plating layer, and the appearance is significantly impaired.
- trivalent chromium plating liquids having various compositions have been proposed for more than 20 years, but in particular, trivalent chromium plating liquids are rarely used for engine parts. won.
- the present invention solves such a conventional problem and has good film forming characteristics equivalent to those of a plating layer formed using a trivalent chromium plating solution and formed with a hexavalent chromium plating solution. It is an object of the present invention to provide an engine component having a chromium plating layer having excellent heat resistance.
- An engine component of the present invention includes an engine comprising a metal base material, and a chromium plating layer that covers at least part of the surface of the metal substrate and is formed of a trivalent chromium plating solution.
- the content of boron contained in the chromium plating layer is 0.05 mass% or more and 0.3 mass% or less, and the thickness of the chromium plating layer is 0.7 m or less. It is.
- the content of boron contained in the chromium plating layer is 0.05% by mass or more and 0.1% by mass or less.
- the content of iron contained in the chromium plating layer is 2 quality. % Or less.
- the chromium plating layer is formed on the surface of the metal substrate.
- the engine component further includes an undercoat layer provided between the surface of the metal substrate and the chrome plating layer, In the region heated to a temperature of 350 ° C. or higher, the thickness is from 0. to 0.
- the undercoat layer includes at least one of C and S.
- the undercoat layer further contains Ni.
- the undercoat layer has a lower hardness than Cr constituting the chrome plate layer and is formed of a metal.
- the undercoat layer also has Ni plating power.
- the color tone of the chrome plated layer has an L * value measured by CIE (Commission Internationale de I'Eclairage) 1976 in the range of 68 to 80.
- the metal base material is constituted by a material force mainly composed of Fe, Al, Zn, or Mg.
- the metal base is a metal tube that defines a passage through which exhaust gas having engine power passes.
- An engine of the present invention includes any one of the engine parts described above.
- a transportation device of the present invention includes any one of the engine parts or engine described above.
- the boron content in the chromium plating layer is adjusted to 0.05 mass% or more and 0.3 mass% or less, and the thickness of the chromium plating layer is 0.7 m or less. Therefore, using a trivalent chromium plating solution, it is as good as a plating layer formed with hexavalent chromium plating solution. A chromium plating layer having film forming characteristics and excellent heat resistance can be obtained. Therefore, an engine component having a good appearance can be obtained using the trivalent chromium plating solution.
- the chromium content in the hexavalent chromium plating liquid is formed by setting the boron content in the chromium plating layer to 0.1 mass% or less and the iron content to 2 mass% or less. A silver-white color similar to that of the attached layer can be obtained. Furthermore, by setting the thickness of the chrome plating layer in the range of 0.2 ⁇ ⁇ to 0.7 m, engine parts that do not easily cause thermal discoloration can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of an engine component according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 (a) is a diagram showing the results of analysis of a chromium plating layer formed using trivalent chromium by an X-ray diffraction method, and (b) is formed using hexavalent chromium. It is a figure which shows the analysis result by the X ray diffraction method of a chromium plating layer.
- FIG. 3 A diagram schematically showing how a “CS enriched layer” or a “CS-Ni enriched layer” is formed in the vicinity of the interface between the chromium plating layer and the base plating layer by heating.
- FIG. 4 (a) is a schematic diagram for explaining that discoloration of the chrome plating layer can be prevented by increasing the thickness of the chrome plating layer. It is a figure which illustrates a part of nickel plating layer typically.
- FIG. 5 is a side view of a motorcycle in which the engine component of the present invention is used.
- FIG. 6 (a) is a diagram schematically showing a portion of an exhaust pipe directly connected to the engine, and (b) is a diagram schematically showing a cross section of a catalyst housing portion of the exhaust pipe. (C) is a figure which shows typically the cross section of a manifold hold part.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a chromium plating apparatus used in the present invention.
- FIG. 8 (a) is a diagram schematically showing a state in which the distance between the curved portion of the metal substrate and the electrode is the shortest, and (b) is a diagram of the curve of the metal substrate.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing a state where the distance between the portion and the electrode is increased.
- FIG. 9 is a side view showing the appearance of a motorcycle.
- the conventional chromium plating layer formed with a trivalent chromium plating liquid has a blackish color tone compared to the chromium plating layer formed with a hexavalent chromium plating. RU This proved to be related to the iron content of the formed chrome plating layer.
- the color tone of the surface may change due to heating, and the chromium plating layer may exhibit a bluish purple color.
- Such discoloration damages the appearance of motorcycles equipped with engine parts.
- the inventor of the present application has found that the discoloration force due to heating of the chrome plating layer depends on the thickness of the chrome plating layer.
- the engine component of the present invention includes a metal substrate 1, a chrome plating layer 3 covering at least a part of the surface of the metal substrate 1, and a metal substrate 1 and a chrome plating layer. 3 and a base plating layer 2 provided between the two.
- a metal substrate 1 a metal substrate 1 and a chrome plating layer. 3 and a base plating layer 2 provided between the two.
- the metal substrate 1 has strength suitable for the application, corrosion resistance as required, and the like, and can be formed of a material normally used as an engine part.
- a typical example is an Fe-based material.
- the metal substrate 1 may be formed from a non-Fe material such as an A1 material, a Zn material, an Mg material, or a Ti material.
- the Fe-based material is Fe or steel containing Fe as a main component, and steel for machine structure (for example, carbon steel for machine structure (STKM), alloy steel for machine structure, etc.), stainless steel (for example, Ferrite stainless steel, austenitic stainless steel, austenitic 'ferritic stainless steel, etc.), mild steel (eg SPCC, SPHC, etc.).
- Examples of the A1-based material include A alloys such as Al-Si alloys and Al-Si-Mg alloys.
- Zn-based materials include Zn, Zn-plated steel sheet coated with Zn, or Zn alloy plating containing Zn, the main component, and alloying elements such as Ni, Co, Cr, and Al. Alloy-plated steel sheet.
- Mg-based materials include Mg-A1 alloys and Mg-Zn alloys.
- Ti-based materials include Ti or Ti alloys containing Ti as the main component and containing elements such as Al, V, and Si.
- A1 is lightweight and brilliant
- Ti is lightweight and has excellent strength. For this reason, it is possible to select an appropriate material according to the application and required characteristics.
- the undercoat layer 2 formed on the metal substrate 1 is used as the undercoat of the chromium finish layer 3.
- the base plating layer 2 may not be provided.
- a base plating layer is usually formed under the chromium plating layer for the purpose of improving adhesion to the base material.
- the undercoat layer 2 is excellent in adhesion with various metal substrates and adhesion with a chromium plating layer.
- the metal constituting the undercoat layer 2 used in the present invention can be defined in relation to the hardness (Pickers hardness) of chromium used for forming the chromium attach layer.
- the metal constituting the undercoat layer 2 is preferably formed of a metal having a hardness lower than that of chromium (about 350 to 1200 Hv).
- a metal with lower hardness than chrome For example, nickel (Ni) (hardness: approx. 150-350Hv), copper (Cu) (hardness: approx. 40-250Hv), tin (Sn) (hardness: approx. 20-200Hv), lead (Pb) (not measurable), etc. Is mentioned.
- the undercoat layer containing these metals for example, a layer having strength such as nickel plating, copper plating, tin plating, lead plating, zinc-nickel plating is used. These plating layers may be formed independently, or two or more kinds may be combined to form a plurality of undercoat layers. In addition, it is possible to form a plurality of undercoat layers of the same type that have different types of additives and the like.
- a typical base plating layer used as a base treatment for the chromium plating layer is nickel plating, which further improves the corrosion resistance, gloss, and the like.
- the undercoat layer 2 contains elements constituting various additives. These additive agents are added to the plating solution for forming the base plating layer 2 in order to increase the gloss of the chromium plating layer. Specific examples include primary brighteners (non-butyne brighteners such as saccharin sodium, naphthalene-1,3,6-trisodium trisulfonate and benzenesulfonic acid), secondary brighteners (2-butyl-1,4- Diol, sodium aryl sulfonate, etc.) are used. All of these additives contain C and Z or S as constituent elements.
- primary brighteners non-butyne brighteners such as saccharin sodium, naphthalene-1,3,6-trisodium trisulfonate and benzenesulfonic acid
- secondary brighteners (2-butyl-1,4- Diol, sodium aryl sulfonate, etc.
- All of these additives contain C and Z or S as constituent
- C, Z, or S contained in the undercoat layer is a force that varies depending on the type of undercoat layer and the type of additive, etc. In general, the total is about 0.001 to 1.0% by mass. As detailed below, these elements thicken to about 0.1 to: LO mass% by heating, resulting in discoloration of the surface of the chromium plating layer. Furthermore, when the undercoat layer 2 is a nickel plating layer, Ni contained in the nickel plating layer is also greatly involved in the surface discoloration.
- Nickel plating which is a typical example of the undercoat layer, will be described in detail below.
- -Nickel plating is roughly classified into matte nickel plating, semi-bright nickel plating, and bright nickel plating, depending on the type of brightener added to the plating solution and the presence or absence of a filler. These can be combined appropriately and appropriately according to the required characteristics and applications, and thereby a desired appearance can be obtained.
- the glossy-Keckenore sag is obtained by adding a brightener such as saccharin or benzenesulphonic acid to the plating solution. Dense Due to its excellent adhesion, it is widely used as an underlayer formed directly under the chromium plating layer. Brightening agents used for bright nickel plating usually contain about 0.001 to 1.0% by mass in total of at least one of S and S in the plating layer, and the corrosion resistance decreases as the S content increases. Tend to.
- a brightener such as saccharin or benzenesulphonic acid
- matte nickel plating is different from bright nickel plating in that it does not contain a brightener in the plating solution. Matte nickel plating is inferior in brightness to bright nickel plating, but has excellent plating layer adhesion (adhesion), corrosion resistance, and discoloration prevention.
- Semi-bright nickel plating is obtained by adding a non-coumarin semi-bright agent to a plating solution.
- Semi-brighteners unlike the above-mentioned brighteners, have a low content of C and Z or S. Therefore, the corrosion resistance is better than the bright nickel plating.
- nickel plating layers having different S contents are formed in layers, a potential difference is generated between each plating layer, and a film having a high S content is preferentially corroded.
- nickel plating is often composed of two or more layers to improve corrosion resistance.
- the luster layer has a lower potential than the semi-gloss layer and is preferentially corroded. . For this reason, the base metal under the semi-glossy layer is protected without being corroded.
- a trinickel plating layer with a high S content (a type of bright nickel plating layer) is formed between the semi-bright nickel plating layer and the bright nickel plating layer in order to further improve the corrosion resistance.
- the third layer is attached.
- S contained in the trinickel plating layer is mainly supplied with additive powers other than brighteners.
- the uppermost bright nickel plating layer is preferentially corroded, and then the intermediate trinickel plating layer is corroded to protect both the semi-bright nickel plating layer and the base metal. It will be.
- the total thickness of the nickel plating layer is preferably about 10 to 30 / ⁇ ⁇ . More preferably, it is about 15 / zm or more and 25 ⁇ m or less. [0050] It should be noted that, when forming an undercoat layer other than the nickel plating layer, it is preferable to control the thickness to approximately 10 to 30 ⁇ m.
- a chrome plating layer 3 is formed on the base plating layer 2.
- the chrome plating layer 3 is a decorative chrome plating layer formed by electrical plating using a trivalent chromium plating solution, as will be described in detail below.
- Chromium plating strength Whether it is formed using a trivalent chromium plating solution or a hexavalent chromium plating solution is determined by measuring the crystalline state of the chromium plating layer. Can do. Specifically, it can be easily identified by X-ray diffraction of the chromium plating layer.
- Figures 2 (a) and 2 (b) show the results of analysis of the chromium plating layer by the X-ray diffraction method, respectively. Details of the measurement method are as follows.
- Fig. 2 (b) shows the X-ray diffraction results of the chromium plating layer formed using the hexavalent chromium plating solution.
- An extremely large diffraction peak of about 1200 cps is observed near the diffraction angle of about 40 ⁇ to 50 ⁇ , and a large diffraction peak of about 200 cps is observed near the diffraction angles of about 65 ⁇ and about 83 ⁇ , respectively.
- These peaks come from (111) -oriented crystals, (200) -oriented crystals, and (211) -oriented crystals in order of increasing diffraction angle.
- the X-ray diffraction result of the chromium plating layer formed using the trivalent chromium plating solution is as shown in FIG. 2 (a).
- the diffraction angle of about 40 to 500 only a small diffraction peak of about lOOcps derived from the (111) oriented crystal is observed.
- the value obtained by dividing the half width of the peak derived from the (111) oriented crystal by the peak intensity (half width Z peak height) is about 0.6 rad Zcps, which is observed when hexavalent chromium is used (111 ) Very broad compared to the value of oriented crystals (about 7.9 X 10 " 4 rad / cps).
- the chromium plating layer formed using the trivalent chromium plating solution has a substantially amorphous structure, whereas the chromium plating layer using hexavalent chromium is used. It can be seen that the plating layer has a crystal structure composed of multiple crystals. The plating layer has a crystalline or amorphous structure Whether or not there is, for example, whether or not a diffraction peak having a (half-value width Z peak height) of about 0.00 IradZcps or less is observed in the vicinity of a diffraction angle of about 40 to 500.
- the amount of boron contained in the chromium plating layer 3 is 0.05% by mass or more and 0.3% by mass or less.
- the boron content is more than 0.3% by mass, the chromium plating layer 3 is cracked by heating at 400 ° C or higher.
- the boron content is less than 0.05%, the corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the chromium plating layer 3 are lowered.
- the stability of the plating growth when forming the chromium plating layer 3 is reduced.
- the boron content is 0.05 mass% or more and 0.2 mass% or less, and more preferably 0.05 mass% or more and 0.1 mass% or less. The lower the boron content, the more reliably the cracks can be prevented, and the better the corrosion resistance and wear resistance.
- “stability of plating growth” means that the contact (adhesion) of the chromium plating layer by plating treatment is constant over time. Specifically, when a hull cell test is performed, there is no lack of plating thickness, burnt marks, streaks and other appearance defects over a wide range of current density, or parts that are difficult to be stuck on the brazing material. This means that a plating layer having a predetermined thickness is formed (for example, a covering surface disposed on the side opposite to the electrode).
- corrosion resistance of plating means corrosion resistance imparted by plating treatment. Specifically, when the crest test of the plating corrosion resistance test method stipulated in JIS H8502 is performed using the plated sample, if the resting number satisfies 7.0 or higher, ⁇ Excellent plating corrosion resistance '' "
- Abrasion resistance of plating means the wear resistance (hardness) imparted by the plating process. Specifically, when the Vickers hardness specified in JIS Z 2244 is measured using a sample after plating, and the Vickers hardness is in the range of 350HvO.1 (test force 0.9807N) or more, ⁇ plating wear resistance It is excellent in performance. "
- the chromium plating layer 3 contains boron, whereby a chromium plating layer having excellent corrosion resistance and wear resistance can be obtained.
- the chromium plating layer can be stably grown.
- it has a hardening effect on the boron adhesion layer, and when the content exceeds the above range, it is heated to a high temperature (especially 400 ° C or more), so that the chromium adhesion layer is heated.
- a high temperature especially 400 ° C or more
- the thickness of the chromium plating layer 3 is preferably 0.7 m or less. If the chromium plating layer 3 is thicker than 0, it is difficult to form a chromium plating layer without cracks even if the boron content is within the above range. In order to more reliably prevent the occurrence of cracks, the thickness of the chromium plating layer 3 is preferably 0.5 m or less.
- the boron content force of the chromium plating layer should be 0.3% by mass or less only in the region where the temperature of the engine component becomes high.
- the boron content in the chromium plating layer is preferably within the above-mentioned range in any region of the chromium plating layer.
- the engine component of the present invention be used in an environment where the whole is heated to a high temperature by using the force within the above-mentioned range in any region of the boron-containing force chromium plating layer.
- the present invention is suitably used for engine parts that are at least partially exposed to high temperatures.
- the chromium plating layer 3 has the above-described boron content, the chromium plating layer has good film forming characteristics comparable to those of the plating layer formed with hexavalent chromium plating and has excellent heat resistance.
- the attached layer can be formed using a trivalent chromium plating solution.
- the chromium plating layer which also forms trivalent chromium plating fluid, has a darker color tone than the chromium plating layer formed by hexavalent chromium plating. The reason why this color tone becomes dark is related to the concentration of iron and boron contained in the chrome plating layer, and the color tone becomes darker as the iron content increases.
- the iron in the chromium plating layer is trivalent chromium plating solution. This is thought to be due to the formation of precipitates containing black iron, for example, when iron is combined with various elements in the plating solution when the chromium plating layer is grown.
- the boron content in the chromium plating layer 3 is 0.1 mass. %
- the iron content is preferably 2% by mass or less. The lower the iron content, the better.
- the content is preferably 1% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.5% by mass or less.
- the boron content is 0.3 mass.
- the iron content is 7% by mass or less, a chrome-plated layer having a color tone comparable to that of the chrome chrome is obtained although the color tone is somewhat dull.
- the color tone of the chromium plating layer is CIE (Commission Internationale de 1 ( ⁇ & 8 6) 1 ⁇ * value measured in 1976 satisfies the range of 68 to 80.
- L value is measured with a spectroscopic color difference meter (for example, TC-1800MK-II manufactured by Tokyo Denshoku Color Analyzer). This value is about the same as the chromium plating layer formed by hexavalent chromium plating, so the chromium plating layer has a limited iron content within the above range. The difference in color tone is almost inconspicuous even when comparing 3 and hexavalent chromium plating fluidity.
- the engine component has such a structure, it has a good film forming property comparable to that of a plating layer formed by using a trivalent chromium plating solution and a hexavalent chromium plating solution.
- a chrome plating layer having excellent heat resistance can be obtained.
- the boron content in the chromium plating layer is 0.1% by mass or less and the iron content to 2% by mass or less.
- a hexavalent chromium plating liquid is formed. The same silver-white color tone can be obtained.
- the engine component of the present invention can be suitably used for an engine portion such as a cylinder, a cylinder head, and a head cover, and an exhaust pipe for guiding exhaust gas to engine power.
- an engine portion such as a cylinder, a cylinder head, and a head cover
- an exhaust pipe for guiding exhaust gas to engine power.
- the chromium plating layer may exhibit a bluish purple color.
- the chromium plating layer has a thickness of 0.2 m or more.
- FIG. 3 shows a “C—S concentrated layer” or “C—S—Ni concentrated layer” (hereinafter simply referred to as a “concentrated layer”) that is thought to cause discoloration of the surface of the chromium plating layer.
- a “concentrated layer” that is thought to cause discoloration of the surface of the chromium plating layer.
- Fig. 3 shows a typical configuration of the present invention in which a nickel plating layer is formed between an Fe substrate and a chromium plating layer.
- the nickel plating layer is formed in order from the Fe substrate side. It consists of three layers of a semi-bright nickel plating layer, a trickle plating layer, and a bright nickel plating layer.
- Fig. 3 shows the elements that are considered to be involved in the discoloration of the chromium plating layer, that is, the elements (at least one of C, S, and Ni) that make up the above-described concentrated layer, and these elements. Only elements that are easy to bond (Fe, Cr, etc.) are shown, and other elements (for example, O that gathers in the vicinity of the interface by heating) are omitted.
- C or S mainly moves from the nickel plating layer side to the chromium plating layer side, and gathers in the vicinity of the interface. As mentioned earlier, C or S mainly moves from the nickel plating layer side to the chromium plating layer side, and gathers in the vicinity of the interface. As mentioned earlier, C or S mainly moves from the nickel plating layer side to the chromium plating layer side, and gathers in the vicinity of the interface. As mentioned earlier, C or S mainly moves from the nickel plating layer side to the chromium plating layer side, and gathers in the vicinity of the interface. As mentioned earlier, C or S mainly moves from the nickel plating layer side to the chromium plating layer side, and gathers in the vicinity of the interface. As mentioned earlier, C or S mainly moves from the nickel plating layer side to the chromium plating layer side, and gathers in the vicinity of the interface. As mentioned earlier, C or S mainly moves from the nickel plating layer side to the chromium plating layer side, and gather
- a non-butyne brightener such as benzenesulfonic acid
- the bright nickel plating layer and the trinickel plating layer contain a large amount of S. Yes. Therefore, a “C—S concentrated layer” in which a large amount of C or S is collected is formed in the vicinity of the interface.
- c—S enriched layer means a layer in which at least one of C or S is gathered. Note that C or S diffuses and moves on the chrome plating layer side Possible force in some cases Compared to the case of diffusion movement from the nickel plating layer side, the ratio is very small and is not shown.
- C—S—Ni concentrated layer containing Ni is formed. Ni, like C or S, is thought to be involved in discoloration.
- C—S—Ni concentrated layer means a layer in which at least one of C, S, or Ni is gathered.
- the reason why the formation of the concentrated layer causes discoloration of the surface of the chromium plating layer is not clear in detail, but for example, Cr constituting the chromium plating layer is the above-mentioned concentration. Bonding with the elements (C or S or Ni) that make up the layer and changing the refractive index of the chromium plating layer may cause discoloration. Iron is also considered a causative substance that causes discoloration. When the metal base is composed of Fe-based material, the Fe-based material may be diffused by heating and concentrated near the interface (not shown).
- Fig. 4 (b) is a diagram schematically illustrating a part of a conventional Cr-nickel plating layer.
- the thickness of the conventional chromium plating layer is as small as about 0.1 m or less, so the incident light is transmitted to the vicinity of the interface between the chromium plating layer and the nickel plating layer. It becomes like this. As a result, a part of incident light is absorbed by the concentrated layer generated near the interface, and the degree of discoloration due to heating becomes more prominent.
- the thickness of the chromium plating layer is 0.2 ⁇ m or more, as shown in Fig. 4 (a), most of the incident light is near the surface of the chromium plating layer. Is reflected and does not penetrate to the vicinity of the interface between the chromium plating layer and the nickel plating layer. Therefore, only the interference color due to the acid film formed on the outermost surface of the normal chrome plating layer can be obtained, and the influence of the concentrated layer can be suppressed.
- the thickness of the chromium plating layer is set to 0.2 m or more. From the viewpoint of preventing thermal discoloration due to heating, it is better to have a thick chrome plating layer.
- the thickness of the chromium plating layer is 0.3 m or more, more preferably 0.4 ⁇ m. m or more.
- the thickness of the chromium plating layer is preferably not less than 0.3 and not more than 0.7 m. As described above, it is more preferably 0.5 m or less. If the thickness of the chrome plating layer is not less than 0.5 and not more than 0.5 m, the occurrence of cracks can be almost certainly prevented and the discoloration by heating can be surely prevented.
- the thickness of the chromium plating layer 3 is measured by observation with an optical microscope (magnification: 400 times). Specifically, the cross section in the thickness direction of the plating layer is mirror-polished and etched. As a result, the chromium plating layer and the undercoat layer are clearly separated. Since the surface roughness Ra of the chrome plating layer is at most about 0.01 ⁇ m, the influence of the surface roughness Ra on the thickness of the chrome plating layer is almost negligible. it is conceivable that. In addition, the thickness of the chrome plating layer varies slightly depending on the measurement site. Therefore, in any observation region, the measurement location was changed and a total of three measurements were taken. "
- discoloration preventing means by forming a thickened layer for example, a method of reducing the content of C or S is conceivable, but this method is not practical.
- the amount of brightener contained in the undercoat layer must be reduced mainly.
- the design of the parts will be severely damaged. When it is listed as one of the important issues that an excellent design is provided as in the present invention, it is most unavoidable that the design is damaged as the brightener is reduced.
- the metal substrate 1 can be formed. It is not necessary for all the portions of the chromium plating layer 3 to be formed to satisfy the thickness in the above range. In the region where the temperature is only 350 ° C or lower, the thickness of the chromium plating layer 3 may be 0 or less.
- the chrome plating layer is colored to silver white strength yellow and golden by heating, and further changes from golden to purple at a high temperature of about 350 to 500 ° C.
- the "part heated to a temperature of 350 ° C or higher” includes, for example, a part of engine parts constituting the engine such as a cylinder, a cylinder head, a head cover, and exhaust gas from which engine power is also discharged.
- a part of the exhaust pipe or a cover of the exhaust pipe constituting the flow path for guiding the gas may be mentioned.
- the exhaust pipe referred to here may be an exhaust pipe that directly guides the exhaust gas, or may be an exhaust pipe (double pipe) that is indirectly heated by the exhaust gas.
- the exhaust pipe includes a muffler that guides exhaust gas with each cylinder force, a catalyst device housing that covers the catalyst device, and a silencer (muffler).
- FIG. 5 shows a motorcycle 100 using an exhaust pipe which is an engine component of the present invention.
- the motorcycle 100 includes an engine 30 that also has a four-cycle internal combustion engine power, and an exhaust pipe 4 that guides the exhaust gas to exhaust the exhaust gas generated by the engine 30 as well as the rear force of the vehicle body. It has.
- the exhaust pipe 4 is connected to the engine 30, and an exhaust pipe collecting portion 4a that constitutes a greatly bent exhaust path to guide the exhaust gas discharged from the front side of the engine 30 to the rear, and a silencer 4b including.
- the exhaust pipe collecting portion 4a may be integrally constituted by one part or may be constituted by joining a plurality of parts.
- the exhaust pipe 4 is exposed as a whole so as to appear in the appearance of the motorcycle 100 and constitutes a part of the design of the entire motorcycle 100.
- the entire exhaust pipe 4 is exposed, cracks in the chrome plating layer of the exhaust pipe 4 will not occur for a long time, and rusting and discoloration due to heat will not occur.
- the effect of the present invention to maintain such an appearance appears remarkably in the appearance.
- a part of the exhaust pipe 4 may be covered with a power hull or a protector depending on the design of the motorcycle.
- the shape of the motorcycle using the exhaust pipe is not limited to that shown in FIG. 5.
- the exhaust pipe of the present invention may be adopted in a motorcycle having a structure as shown in FIG. [0086]
- the thickness of the chromium plating layer is not less than 0.
- the region heated to a certain temperature will be specifically described.
- FIG. 6 (a) shows an exhaust pipe assembly portion 4a of the exhaust pipe 4 that is directly connected to the engine.
- the exhaust pipe assembly 4a connected to the engine includes a metal pipe 5 defining a passage 6 through which exhaust gas passes, and an outer surface of the metal pipe 5. And an overlying plating layer 10.
- the metal tube 5 has a bent portion 9. The bent portion 9 is a portion where the passage 6 is bent or the direction in which the passage 6 extends is changed.
- the plating layer 10 is composed of a base plating layer and a chromium plating layer.
- the metal pipe 5 has a double pipe structure constituted by an inner pipe defining the passage 6 and an outer pipe force held so as to surround the outer side of the inner pipe.
- the connecting part 21 connecting the other exhaust pipe member 23 often adopts a single pipe structure. If a double pipe structure is used for the connecting part 21, the metal pipe 5 may be deformed or damaged due to the difference in thermal expansion between the outer pipe and the inner pipe during welding with other exhaust pipe members 23. Because there is.
- the inner surface of the connecting portion 21 is in direct contact with the hot exhaust gas, so that the connecting portion 21 has a temperature of about 350 ° C. or higher (for example, about 400 To 500 ° C).
- FIG. 6 (b) schematically shows a cross section of the catalyst storage unit 22 that stores the catalyst device 8 of the exhaust pipe 4.
- the catalyst device 8 is provided in the catalyst storage unit 22 and decomposes at least one component contained in the exhaust gas when the exhaust gas passes therethrough. Since the catalytic device 8 generates heat during decomposition, the catalyst storage unit 22 is heated to a temperature of about 350 ° C. or higher (for example, about 400 to 500 ° C.).
- FIG. 6 (c) shows the exhaust pipe 4 in which the branch pipes 4d and 4e connected to the cylinder are gathered by the hold part 15 and discharged by the exhaust pipe member 4f integrated together.
- the exhaust gas also collects in the multiple branch pipes 4d and 4e, thereby increasing the flow rate of the exhaust gas and bending the flow path. It collides with the inner surface of the marker 15. Therefore, the hold section 15 is heated to a temperature of about 350 ° C. or higher (for example, about 400 to 500 ° C.) by the exhaust gas.
- the motorcycle of the present embodiment is 0.2 m or more so as to cover the outside of the portions heated to high temperatures of these exhaust pipes exemplified with reference to FIGS. 6 (a), (b) and (c).
- the chrome plating layer is formed. For this reason, even if it is exposed to high-temperature exhaust gas, discoloration of the chromium plating layer due to heating can be prevented.
- the chromium plating layer formed using trivalent chromium has the same level of superiority as that using hexavalent chromium because the Fe content contained in the chromium plating layer is reduced. The color can be expressed.
- the present invention also includes a transportation device including the above-described engine component.
- transportation equipment include vehicles such as motorcycles equipped with engines and all-weather four-wheeled vehicles, ships equipped with engines, transportation equipment such as airplanes, and the like.
- the engine component according to the present invention is manufactured by sequentially forming a base plating layer and a chromium plating layer on a metal substrate having a predetermined shape.
- the manufacturing method will be described in detail.
- the metal substrate is immersed in a tank such as a water washing tank, an ultrasonic alkaline degreasing tank, an electric field degreasing tank, or an acid treatment activation tank for a predetermined time. To do. As a result, the surface of the metal substrate is sufficiently degreased, so that it is easy to form an undercoat layer or a chrome plating layer on the metal surface.
- a tank such as a water washing tank, an ultrasonic alkaline degreasing tank, an electric field degreasing tank, or an acid treatment activation tank for a predetermined time.
- an undercoat layer and a chromium plate layer are sequentially formed on at least the outer surface of the metal substrate by electroplating.
- Groundwork Since both the plating layer and the chrome plating layer are formed by using electric plating, and the principle is the same, in the following description, the plating apparatus shown in FIG. The process for forming the undercoat layer will be described without referring to the drawings.
- the undercoat layer is formed by immersing the metal substrate in a plating tank containing a metal solution for which a plating layer is to be formed, and energizing until a desired thickness is obtained.
- a nickel plating layer that has a three-layer strength of a semi-bright nickel plating layer, a trinickel plating layer, and a bright nickel plating layer as the undercoat layer
- the metal substrate cleaned as described above Are immersed in a semi-bright nickel plating solution, a trinickel plating solution, and a bright nickel plating solution, respectively, and energized until a desired plating layer is formed.
- the specific plating conditions differ depending on the metal substrate used, the composition of the plating solution, the application, etc., and the conditions usually used for Ni-chrome plating may be selected as appropriate.
- a plating solution Preferably, the temperature is about 40 to 65 ° C., and the pH of the plating solution is about 2 to 5.
- the plating time is preferably about 10 to 20 minutes for semi-bright nickel plating and bright nickel plating, and about 1 to 5 minutes for trinickel plating.
- a strike nickel layer may be further provided between the base adhesive layer and the metal substrate.
- the chromium plating device 20 includes a chromium plating tank 11 for performing chromium plating, a pump 12 for pumping up the plating solution added to the chromium plating tank 11, and a plating solution.
- a filter 13 for removing impurities floating on the substrate, an adjustment valve 14 for adjusting the flow rate of the plating solution, a flow meter 15 for monitoring the flow rate of the plating solution, and a force are also configured.
- an ion exchange apparatus 16 is installed for removing metal ions such as Fe contained in the plating solution.
- the chromium plating device 20 and the ion exchange device 16 are connected by a metal tube (not shown).
- the chrome plating tank 11 is filled with trivalent chromium plating solution!
- the plating solution contains 30 to 40 g / l of basic chromium sulfate as a trivalent chromium ion source in terms of chromium content! / ⁇
- the plating solution contains 30 to 40 g / l of basic chromium sulfate as a trivalent chromium ion source in terms of chromium content! / ⁇
- the concentration of boron and iron in the plating solution to be used must be within a predetermined range.
- the trivalent chromium plating solution has a boric acid content in the range of 1 to 5 g / l in terms of boron content, and an Fe content of 0.5 mgZl or less.
- the content of boric acid has been reduced to about 1Z15 to 5Z6 compared to the amount of boron added to the conventional typical trivalent chromium plating solution (about 6 to 15gZD. Emissions into the environment are becoming regulated, and using a plating solution with a low boron concentration is also suitable for compliance with such environmental regulations.
- the chromium plating layer contains about 2 to 20% by mass of Fe.
- the trivalent chromium plating solution used in the present invention does not contain such an additive, and the Fe content is limited to 0.5 mgZl or less.
- the trivalent chromium plating solution used in the present invention is converted to 5-30 g Zl in terms of the amount of citrate or a compound of citrate. Included in the range.
- a citrate such as potassium citrate or a metal citrate such as nickel citrate can be used.
- the amount of citrate added is preferably from 1 OgZl to 25 gZl, and more preferably from 20 gZl to 25 gZl.
- Chrome plating is performed by electric plating.
- the chrome plating tank 11 is filled with the above trivalent chrome plating solution, and the metal substrate 17 to which chrome plating is applied is used as the cathode. Since chromium plating is performed with the plating solution supplied with chromium ions, the anode does not dissolve in the chromium plating solution! The insoluble anode 18 is used.
- a DC power source 19 is connected between the two poles and energized.
- the chromium ions contained in the chromium plating solution move toward the cathode-side metal substrate 17 and are reduced to metal Cr to be deposited.
- a metal substrate is formed so that a chromium plating layer having a desired thickness is formed. It is preferable to place the material and stick.
- a metal substrate such as an exhaust pipe with a curved shape, arrange the metal substrate so that the distance between the electrode and the material to be attached (metal substrate) is as short as possible. I prefer it.
- the convex portion 9a is defined as The chrome plating layer is formed on the opposite concave portion, and the chrome plating layer is formed immediately on the convex portion 9a, so that the plating efficiency is deteriorated.
- the thickness of the chromium plating layer can be controlled within a predetermined range by controlling, for example, the amount of electricity (current X time) passing through the electrode surface and the current density.
- the current density, etc. can be adjusted by devising the arrangement of electrodes or attaching auxiliary electrodes so that a predetermined chromium plating layer can be easily formed in a region heated to a temperature of 350 ° C or higher. Can be controlled.
- an appropriate condition may be appropriately selected depending on the type and shape of the metal substrate to be used, the composition of the plating solution, the thickness of the chromium plating layer, and the like.
- ferrous sulfate is not included in the plating solution, the contact density of the plating layer generally deteriorates. Therefore, it is necessary to consider that the current density is uniform by devising the arrangement of the electrodes.
- the boron content of the chromium plating layer to be formed depends not only on the boron concentration in the plating solution, but also on the temperature of the plating solution, the plating time, the stirring speed of the plating solution, etc. Dependent. Generally, as the temperature of the plating solution increases, the boron content in the chromium plating layer increases. For this reason, in order to keep the boron content in the chromium plating layer within the above range, it is preferable to control the temperature of the plating solution in the range of 25 ° C to 30 ° C.
- the iron concentration in the plating solution is regularly monitored during plating, and the iron is removed when the iron concentration exceeds a predetermined value. There is a need to.
- the iron ions mixed in the plating solution are removed using an ion exchange device 16 equipped with a cation exchange resin.
- the cation exchange resin used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can be easily exchanged with a valence metal cation such as Fe.
- a specific removal method is as follows. First, during plating, the pumping liquid is periodically pumped from the plating tank 11 and the suspended matter is removed using the filter 13. Next, the suspended liquid is removed, and the sag solution is introduced into the ion exchange device 16 while adjusting the flow rate by the regulating valve 14, and metal cations such as Fe ions are removed by the cation exchange resin. The flow rate of the plating solution is monitored with a flow meter 15. The scintillation solution processed by the ion exchanger 16 is periodically collected and the Fe concentration is checked.
- the Fe ions are removed, and the accumulating liquid (regenerated accumulating liquid) is circulated to the plating tank 11 through the outlet force line 24 of the ion exchanger 16.
- the regenerating solution may be stored, for example, in a suitable storage container (not shown).
- the chrome plating layer after plating has a surface roughness (Ra) of about 1 m or less, and preferably has a surface roughness of 0.2 m or less. For this reason, after plating, the chrome plating layer has sufficient luster even if the surface is not finished.
- a metal tube also comprising STKM material was prepared, and a Ni plating layer comprising a semi-bright Ni plating layer, a tri-Ni plating layer, and a bright Ni plating layer was formed by the following method.
- Table 1 shows the composition of the plating solution used to form these adhesive layers.
- C and Z or S contained in the tri-Ni plating solution are also supplied with additive powers other than brighteners.
- Plating conditions 10-12V (volt), 1800-2800A (ampere) energized.
- Tri Ni plating layer (thickness approx. 1-5 ⁇ m)
- Plating conditions 3 to 3.5 V, energized at 20 to 40A.
- Bright Ni plating layer (thickness approx. 5-15 m)
- Plating conditions 10-12V, 1800-2800A energized.
- a chromium plating layer was formed on the base plating layer (the thickness of the chromium plating layer was 0.3 / ⁇ ⁇ ).
- Table 2 Four types of trivalent chromium plating solutions (No. 1 to 4) shown in Table 2 were used as chromium plating solutions. Test from sample 1 The constituents of the trivalent chromium plating solution of Material 4 are the same except that the contents of ferrous sulfate and boric acid are different.
- these trivalent chromium plating solutions all contain taenoic acid, and the amounts of ferrous sulfate added were 0 (sample 1) and 2.5 mgZl (sample 2), respectively. ), 5 mgZl (Sample 3), and lOmgZl (Sample 4). In terms of Fe content, they are 0 (sample 1), 0.05 mgZl (sample 2), 0.1 mgZl (sample 3), and 0.3 mgZl (sample 4), respectively.
- the amount of boric acid added is 5 gZl (Sample 1), 5 gZl (Sample 2), 30 gZl (Sample 2), and 60 gZl (Sample 3).
- the temperature of the plating solution was changed in the range of about 25 to 60 ° C and the current density in the range of about 10 to 30 A / dm 2. The amount of air stirring of the plating solution was adjusted.
- the trivalent chromium plating solution of the inventive example of Sample 1 Fe ions mixed in during plating were removed using an ion exchange apparatus equipped with a cation exchange resin. Specifically, the plating solution was periodically sent to an ion exchange device, and the Fe concentration contained in the plating solution was controlled to be in the range of 0 to 0.001 mass%. As a result, the trivalent chromium of the present invention example of sample 1 When the plating solution was used, the Fe content in the chromium plating layer was 0.2 mass% at the maximum when measured in the thickness direction of the plating layer.
- the stability of the plating growth was measured according to the method described above, and the following criteria were evaluated based on the thickness of the chromium plating layer at each measurement site.
- the thickness of the chromium plating layer is in the range of 0.25 mm or more and less than 0.5 mm.
- the thickness of the chrome plating layer is in the range of 0.20 mm or more and less than 0.25.
- the thickness of a chromium plating layer is 0.05 mm or more and less than 0.20 mm.
- X The thickness of the chrome plating layer is less than 0.05 mm.
- the chromium plating layer does not contain boron at all (the content is zero).
- Plating growth is extremely unstable.
- the plating conditions so that at least 0.05% by mass or more of boron is contained in the chromium plating layer, the plating can grow stably.
- the higher the boron content in the chromium plating layer the better.
- boron is an indispensable component for securing the stability of plating growth, and simply adding citrate instead of boric acid does not provide excellent sag characteristics. Became clear. The force that allows the plating to grow stably by adding boron. This effect was observed regardless of the Fe content in the plating layer.
- A: Rating number is 9.0 or more.
- ⁇ Rating number is 7.0 or more and less than 8.0.
- A: Vickers hardness is 500 Hv or more.
- ⁇ Picker hardness is 450Hv or more and less than 500Hv.
- ⁇ Vickers hardness is 350 Hv or more and less than 450 Hv.
- Table 4 shows the obtained results. Table 4 also shows the results of plating growth stability.
- the L * value was measured based on the method described in CIE 1976 using a spectroscopic color difference meter (TC-1800MK——, manufactured by Tokyo Denshoku Color Analyzer).
- the color tone of the chromium plating layer obtained using the hexavalent chromium plating solution is in the range of 70-80 in terms of L * value.
- a chrome plating layer having the following was obtained: The same applies when the trivalent chromium plating solution of Sample 1 is used, the Fe content in the chromium plating layer is reduced to 0.2 mass%, and the boron content is controlled to 0.3 mass% or less. Results were obtained. When the Fe content in the chromium plating layer is reduced to 0.2 mass% and the boron content is controlled to 0.1 mass% or less, the hexavalent chromium plating fluidity is almost distinguishable from the chromium plating layer. A chrome-plated layer having a non-smooth color was obtained.
- a chromium plating layer was formed in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1 described above.
- the thickness of the chromium plating layer can be adjusted by appropriately controlling the plating time according to the size of the plating material used.
- the thickness of the chromium plating layer was changed from 0.1 to 1.5 / z m by changing the plating time in the range of 0.3 to 5 minutes.
- each of the above samples was placed in an atmospheric furnace, heated at 400 ° C for 8 hours, and then the occurrence of cracks after calorific heat was observed as the occurrence of cracks observed immediately after plating.
- the same measurement method and evaluation criteria as those used for the investigation were used.
- Measuring method Using an optical microscope (400 times magnification), observe the cracks generated on the surface of the chromium plating layer (about 10 mm x 10 mm).
- Table 6 summarizes the occurrence of cracks.
- Table 7 shows the color tone of the chrome plating layer immediately after plating. [0159] [Table 6]
- the boron content in the chromium plating layer is 1 when the thickness of the chromium plating layer is in the range of 0.1 to 0.3 m. Even when the content was increased to 5% by mass, almost no cracks were generated. Cracks are more likely to occur as the thickness of the chromium plating layer increases to 0.5 m or more, and when the thickness of the chromium plating layer is 1.5 m, it depends on the boron content of the chromium plating layer. A crack occurred.
- the thickness of the chromium plated layer is in the range of 0. 1 to 0. 7 / zm
- the boron content of the chromium plated layer is 0.05 to 0.3 mass 0/0 If it is not controlled, the generation of cracks cannot be effectively prevented. Further preferable boron content is 0.05 to 0.2% by mass.
- the thickness of the chromium plating layer should be 0. or less, and the boron content in the chromium plating layer It can be seen that it may be controlled in the range of 0.05 to 0.3 mass%.
- the thickness of the chromium plating layer is in the range of 0.05 111 to 0.7 m. The degree of discoloration due to heating was evaluated.
- Measurement method A spectroscopic color difference meter (TC 1800MK-II, manufactured by Tokyo Denshoku Color Analyzer) is used. Based on the method described in CIE1976, L * value, a * value, and b * value before and after heating are Measure each one. The values before heating are the L * value, a * value, and b *, respectively.
- the present invention relates to a vehicle such as a motorcycle equipped with an engine or an all-weather four-wheel vehicle, It can be widely used in transportation equipment such as ships and airplanes equipped with a vehicle.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP05793486A EP1845176A4 (en) | 2004-10-18 | 2005-10-17 | ENGINE PIECE |
US11/570,172 US20080274373A1 (en) | 2004-10-18 | 2005-10-17 | Engine Part |
JP2006520446A JP4691029B2 (ja) | 2004-10-18 | 2005-10-17 | エンジン用部品 |
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JP2004-302479 | 2004-10-18 | ||
JP2004302479 | 2004-10-18 |
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US (1) | US20080274373A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1845176A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4691029B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006043507A1 (ja) |
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JP2010185116A (ja) * | 2009-02-13 | 2010-08-26 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | クロムめっき部品及びその製造方法 |
JP2015510549A (ja) * | 2012-02-16 | 2015-04-09 | マクダーミッド アキューメン インコーポレーテッド | 三価クロム析出物の色彩制御 |
JP2015221944A (ja) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-12-10 | 日産自動車株式会社 | クロムめっき部品及びその製造方法 |
JP2016108641A (ja) * | 2014-12-10 | 2016-06-20 | 株式会社シマノ | チタン製部材 |
WO2019064672A1 (ja) * | 2017-09-27 | 2019-04-04 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 皮膜積層体及びその製造方法 |
WO2022044451A1 (ja) * | 2020-08-27 | 2022-03-03 | 日立Astemo株式会社 | 緩衝器および緩衝器の製造方法 |
WO2023095774A1 (ja) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-06-01 | 株式会社Jcu | クロムめっき部品およびその製造方法 |
JP7330349B1 (ja) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-08-21 | 株式会社Jcu | クロムめっき部品及びその製造方法 |
JP7350965B1 (ja) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-09-26 | 株式会社Jcu | クロムめっき部品及びその製造方法 |
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US20130071685A1 (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2013-03-21 | Iwaki Film Processing Co., Ltd. | Product and method for manufacturing the product |
US20130220819A1 (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2013-08-29 | Faraday Technology, Inc. | Electrodeposition of chromium from trivalent chromium using modulated electric fields |
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CA3058275A1 (en) * | 2017-04-04 | 2018-10-11 | Atotech Deutschland Gmbh | Controlled method for depositing a chromium or chromium alloy layer on at least one substrate |
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CN114729463A (zh) * | 2019-10-31 | 2022-07-08 | 科文特亚股份公司 | 基于硫酸根的无铵的三价铬装饰性镀覆工艺 |
EP4077773A1 (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2022-10-26 | Atotech Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG | Method for reducing the concentration of iron ions in a trivalent chromium eletroplating bath |
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US11248300B2 (en) | 2009-02-13 | 2022-02-15 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Chrome-plated part and manufacturing method of the same |
JP2010185116A (ja) * | 2009-02-13 | 2010-08-26 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | クロムめっき部品及びその製造方法 |
JP2015510549A (ja) * | 2012-02-16 | 2015-04-09 | マクダーミッド アキューメン インコーポレーテッド | 三価クロム析出物の色彩制御 |
JP2017106119A (ja) * | 2012-02-16 | 2017-06-15 | マクダーミッド アキューメン インコーポレーテッド | 三価クロム析出物の色彩制御 |
JP2016108641A (ja) * | 2014-12-10 | 2016-06-20 | 株式会社シマノ | チタン製部材 |
JP2015221944A (ja) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-12-10 | 日産自動車株式会社 | クロムめっき部品及びその製造方法 |
WO2019064672A1 (ja) * | 2017-09-27 | 2019-04-04 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 皮膜積層体及びその製造方法 |
JPWO2019064672A1 (ja) * | 2017-09-27 | 2020-04-02 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 皮膜積層体及びその製造方法 |
US11279112B2 (en) | 2017-09-27 | 2022-03-22 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Coating laminated body and method for producing the same |
WO2022044451A1 (ja) * | 2020-08-27 | 2022-03-03 | 日立Astemo株式会社 | 緩衝器および緩衝器の製造方法 |
JP7409998B2 (ja) | 2020-08-27 | 2024-01-09 | 日立Astemo株式会社 | 緩衝器および緩衝器の製造方法 |
WO2023095774A1 (ja) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-06-01 | 株式会社Jcu | クロムめっき部品およびその製造方法 |
JP7330349B1 (ja) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-08-21 | 株式会社Jcu | クロムめっき部品及びその製造方法 |
JP7350965B1 (ja) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-09-26 | 株式会社Jcu | クロムめっき部品及びその製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1845176A1 (en) | 2007-10-17 |
EP1845176A4 (en) | 2011-06-29 |
US20080274373A1 (en) | 2008-11-06 |
JP4691029B2 (ja) | 2011-06-01 |
JPWO2006043507A1 (ja) | 2008-05-22 |
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