WO2006025319A1 - 非水電解液およびこれを含む二次電池 - Google Patents
非水電解液およびこれを含む二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006025319A1 WO2006025319A1 PCT/JP2005/015650 JP2005015650W WO2006025319A1 WO 2006025319 A1 WO2006025319 A1 WO 2006025319A1 JP 2005015650 W JP2005015650 W JP 2005015650W WO 2006025319 A1 WO2006025319 A1 WO 2006025319A1
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- Prior art keywords
- mass
- electrolytic solution
- carbonate
- nonaqueous electrolytic
- aqueous electrolyte
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- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021470 non-graphitizable carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHYFEEDKONKGEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxathiane 2,2-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCCO1 MHYFEEDKONKGEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxogermanium Chemical compound [Ge]=O PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- UJMWVICAENGCRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen difluoride Chemical compound FOF UJMWVICAENGCRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)O1 RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M toluenesulfonate group Chemical class C=1(C(=CC=CC1)S(=O)(=O)[O-])C LBLYYCQCTBFVLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0568—Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- Nonaqueous electrolyte and secondary battery including the same
- the present invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte excellent in reliability and a secondary battery including the same. Specifically, the present invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte that provides a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery having excellent cycle life characteristics and excellent safety during overcharge.
- biphenyl terphenyl is a solid and has low solubility in a non-aqueous solvent. Therefore, at low temperatures, some of the biphenyl and terpheel may precipitate, degrading the battery characteristics.
- biphenyl and terphenyl have a relatively low oxidative polymerization potential, and therefore polymerize during charge / discharge cycles when stored at high temperatures. Therefore, the electrical characteristics of the battery may be deteriorated.
- biphenyl and terphenyl generate hydrogen during the polymerization.
- the internal pressure of the battery rises significantly, and leakage may occur during normal battery use.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent No. 3061756 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-106835)
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-058116
- the present invention has excellent charge / discharge cycle characteristics or high-temperature storage characteristics, and has excellent safety during overcharge and high reliability! ⁇ An object is to provide a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery. Means for solving the problem
- the present invention includes ( a ) a non-aqueous solvent, (b) a solute dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent, and (c) a hydrogenated terphenyl, and the solute (b) is an alkali salt containing boron. And no boron
- the hydrogenated terfel (c) is contained in the nonaqueous electrolytic solution in an amount of 0.5% by mass to 3.5% by mass 1.0. More preferably, it is contained in an amount of 1.5% to 1.5% by mass.
- alkali salt containing boron a group force consisting of LiBF, NaBF, and KBF was also selected.
- the alkali salt containing boron is contained in the non-aqueous electrolyte solution in an amount of 0.1% by mass to 0.5% by mass, 0.15% by mass to 0.35% by mass. It is even more desirable.
- Alkaline salts that do not contain boron include LiPF, LiCIO, LiAsF, LiCF SO, LiN (SO
- LiN LiN (SO C F)
- LiC LiC
- Alkaline salts that do not contain boron are 0.5% in the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- Desirable contained at a concentration of M-3M.
- the nonaqueous electrolytic solution of the present invention preferably further contains 0.1% by mass to 1% by mass of difluoroether (DPE).
- DPE difluoroether
- the present invention also includes a positive electrode including an active material made of a lithium-containing oxide, a negative electrode including an active material capable of occluding and releasing lithium, a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and
- the present invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery that also has any non-aqueous electrolyte power.
- the hydrogenated terfylene contained in the non-aqueous electrolyte undergoes acid polymerization when the battery is overcharged. As a result, the internal resistance of the battery increases and the battery is protected.
- the oxidation polymerization potential of terphenyl is increased by partial hydrogenation (hydrogenation). Therefore, the oxidation polymerization reaction is suppressed in the battery during high temperature storage or charge / discharge cycles. Therefore, it is possible to achieve both high-temperature storage characteristics or charge / discharge cycle characteristics and safety during overcharge.
- the battery's high-temperature storage characteristics, charge / discharge cycle characteristics, and safety during overcharge are further enhanced.
- the alkali salt containing boron has an action of suppressing acid-polymerization of terphenyl-diphenyl ether to which hydrogen is added during high-temperature storage and charge / discharge cycles of the battery.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view in which a part of a prismatic lithium ion secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention is cut away.
- the nonaqueous electrolytic solution of the present invention contains a nonaqueous solvent, a solute dissolved in the nonaqueous solvent, and hydrogenated terfel, and the solute does not contain an alkali salt containing boron and boron. Alkaline salt power.
- Hydrogenated terfels have a higher oxidative polymerization potential than hydrogenated terfels compared to terfels. Therefore, the acid polymerization of hydrogenated terphenyl is suppressed during the charge / discharge cycle when the battery is stored at a high temperature. On the other hand, hydrogenated terphinyl undergoes oxidative polymerization when the battery is overcharged.
- the alkali salt containing boron has an action of suppressing acid-polymerization of hydrogenated terfel-diphenyl ether in the battery during high-temperature storage and charge / discharge cycles.
- the hydrogenated terphel may be a pure substance having a single compound force or a mixture having a plurality of compound forces.
- the hydrogenated terfel may be a mixture of two or more partial hydrides having different hydrogenation rates.
- hydrogenated terfol may be a mixture of two or more structural isomers with the same hydrogenation rate but different hydrogenated double bond positions.
- the hydrogenation rate is the ratio of the amount of hydrogen actually added to the amount of hydrogen necessary to add hydrogen to all of the terfel double bonds.
- incomplete hydride of terfel is o-terfenyl, m-terfel or p-terfel, where hydrogen is attached to a part of double bond of benzene ring.
- the complete hydride of terfel is o terphenyl, m-terfel or p terfell, which is a compound in which hydrogen is attached to all double bonds of the benzene ring.
- the hydrogenation rate of hydrogenated terphenyl is preferably in the range of 50% to 70%, assuming that the hydrogenation rate of terfenyl in which hydrogen is added to all double bonds is 100%. Although the hydrogenation rate may be less than 50%, the effect of suppressing the acid-polymerization of the hydrogenated terfel during the charge / discharge cycle is reduced when the battery is stored at a high temperature. The hydrogenation rate may be more than 70%, but the effect of improving safety during overcharge gradually decreases.
- the hydrogenated terfel is contained in the non-aqueous electrolyte solution in an amount of 0.5 mass% to 3.5 mass%. 1.0 mass% to 2.5 mass% More preferably, it is contained in an amount of 1.0 to 1.5% by mass. If the hydrogenated terphenyl content is less than 0.5% by mass, the effect of ensuring safety during overcharge will be reduced, and if it exceeds 3.5% by mass, the charge / discharge cycle characteristics will be reduced. There is.
- the nonaqueous electrolytic solution of the present invention further contains diphenyl ether (DPE). Even if diphenyl ether is added to the non-aqueous electrolyte alone, the effect of improving safety during overcharge is small. However, when diphenyl ether is added to a non-aqueous electrolyte together with an alkali salt containing hydrogenated terphenyl boron, a great effect can be obtained. In other words, the effect of improving safety during overcharging is increased, and the cycle characteristics or high-temperature storage characteristics of the battery are also improved.
- DPE diphenyl ether
- diphenyl ether is contained in the non-aqueous electrolyte solution in an amount of 0.1% by mass to 1% by mass, and 0.2% by mass to 0.8% by mass. It is particularly preferable (in other words, 0.1% by mass to 1% by mass of the whole non-aqueous electrolyte is preferably diphenyl ether. 0.2% by mass to 0.8% by mass is diphenyl ether). It is particularly preferred to be ruether). If the diphenyl ether content is less than 0.1% by mass, the effect of further improving the safety of the battery is hardly obtained. Diphenyl ether content exceeds 1% by mass In other words, the capacity recovery rate during high-temperature storage of the battery may be reduced.
- EC ethylene carbonate
- PC propylene carbonate
- BC butylene carbonate
- Examples include carbonate (EMC).
- EMC carbonate
- Examples of the cyclic carboxylic acid ester include latatones such as ⁇ -butyral rataton and y-valerolataton.
- chain carboxylic acid ester examples include methyl propionate, methyl bivalate, octyl bivalate, and the like.
- ethers include tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, 1,4-di-dioxane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, 1,2-diethoxyethane, 1,2-dibutoxetane, and the like.
- nitriles include acetonitrile, and examples of amides include dimethylformamide.
- the non-aqueous solvent one kind may be used alone, or two or more kinds may be used in combination. However, it is desirable that the non-aqueous solvent includes both a cyclic carbonate having no C ⁇ C unsaturated bond and a chain carbonate having no C ⁇ C unsaturated bond.
- C C tired
- the non-aqueous electrolytic solution of the present invention can be used for diphenyl ether (DPE) and can further contain various additives.
- VC vinylene carbonate
- VEC butyl ethylene carbonate
- PEC vinyl ethylene carbonate
- the dicarboxylic acid anhydride succinic acid anhydride, maleic acid anhydride and the like can be used.
- the cycle characteristics and the high-temperature storage characteristics are remarkably improved by including bi-phenylene carbonate (VC) together with diphenyl ether (DPE) in the non-aqueous electrolyte of the present invention. This is considered to be related to the fact that the nonaqueous electrolytic solution of the present invention contains an alkali salt containing boron.
- sulfite esters such as ethylene sulfite, dimethyl sulfite, propylene sulfite, dipropyl sulfite and dimethyl sulfite, propane sultone, butane sultone, methanesulfonic acid Sulfates such as methyl and toluene sulfonates, sulfates such as dimethyl sulfate, ethylene sulfate and jetyl sulfate, sulfones such as sulfolane, dimethyl sulfone and jetyl sulfone, sulfones such as dimethyl sulfoxide, jetyl sulfoxide and tetramethylene sulfoxide Sulfides such as hydroxide, disulfursulfide and thioanol, disulfides such as disulfurdis
- the additive is preferably contained in the non-aqueous electrolyte in an amount of 0.001% to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.1% to 5% by mass. It is particularly preferable that it is contained in an amount of 5% by mass to 3% by mass (in other words, 0.001% by mass to 10% by mass of the whole non-aqueous electrolyte is preferably an additive). More preferably, 5% by mass to 5% by mass is an additive, and 0.5% by mass to 3% by mass is particularly preferably an additive).
- an alkali salt containing boron and an alkali salt not containing boron are dissolved as solutes.
- the alkali salt containing boron suppresses the hydrogenated terfel diphenyl ether from undergoing oxidative polymerization during high temperature storage and charge / discharge cycles.
- the alkali salt containing no fluorine plays a role of sufficiently ensuring the ionic conductivity of the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- alkali salt containing boron examples include LiBF, NaBF, and KBF.
- the alkali salt containing boron is preferably contained in the non-aqueous electrolyte solution in an amount of 0.1% by mass to 0.5% by mass, and 0.15% by mass to 0.35% by mass. More preferably. If the content of the alkali salt containing boron is less than 0.1% by mass, the effect of improving the storage characteristics may not be sufficiently obtained. If the content exceeds 0.5% by mass, the cycle characteristics may be deteriorated. There is.
- lithium salts having strong electron-withdrawing ions.
- LiPF LiCIO, LiAsF, LiCF SO, LiN (SO C
- LiN (SO C F), LiC (SO CF), or the like can be used. These are for use alone
- the concentration of the alkali salt containing no boron in the non-aqueous electrolyte is preferably 0.5M to 3M (mol Z liter), more preferably 0.5M to 1.5M.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an example of a prismatic lithium secondary battery.
- electrode Group 1 is housed in a bottomed rectangular cylindrical battery case 4.
- One end of a negative electrode lead 3 is connected to the negative electrode plate.
- the other end of the negative electrode lead 3 is connected to a rivet 6 at the center of the sealing plate 5 via an upper insulating plate (not shown).
- the rivet 6 is insulated from the sealing plate 5 by an insulating gasket 7.
- One end of a positive electrode lead 2 is connected to the positive electrode plate.
- the other end of the positive electrode lead 2 is connected to the back surface of the sealing plate 5 through an upper insulating plate.
- the lower end of the electrode group 1 and the battery case 4 are insulated by a lower insulating plate (not shown).
- the upper insulating plate is insulated between the negative electrode lead 3 and the battery case 4 and between the electrode group 1 and the sealing plate 5.
- the periphery of the sealing plate 5 is fitted to the opening end of the battery case 4, and the fitting portion is sealed by laser welding.
- the non-aqueous electrolyte injection hole provided in the sealing plate 5 is closed by a plug 8 and sealed by laser welding.
- the positive electrode plate is produced, for example, by applying a positive electrode mixture paste on one or both sides of a positive electrode current collector, drying and rolling to form a positive electrode active material layer.
- the positive electrode current collector is provided with a plain portion that does not carry the positive electrode active material layer, and a positive electrode lead is welded to the plain portion.
- the positive electrode current collector a metal foil, a ruster or an etched metal sheet or the like is used. Aluminum or aluminum alloy is preferably used as the material for the positive electrode current collector.
- the thickness of the positive electrode current collector is, for example, 10 ⁇ m to 60 ⁇ m.
- the positive electrode mixture paste is prepared by mixing the positive electrode mixture with a liquid dispersion medium.
- the positive electrode mixture includes a positive electrode active material as an essential component, and includes a binder, a conductive agent, a thickener, and the like as optional components.
- the positive electrode active material is not particularly limited.
- a lithium-containing oxide that can accept lithium ions as a guest is used.
- a composite metal oxide of lithium and at least one transition metal selected from conoret, manganese, nickel, chromium, iron and vanadium force is used.
- Li VO Li Co Ni O, Li Co M O, Li Ni M O, Li Mn O, Li Mn M O x 2 x y 1-y 2 x y 1 y z x 1-y y z x 2 4 x 2-y y 4
- Transition metal chalcogenides lithiated vanadium oxides, lithiated niobium oxides, and the like are preferable. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the above X value increases and decreases due to charge and discharge.
- the average particle size of the positive electrode active material is
- the negative electrode plate is produced, for example, by applying a negative electrode mixture paste on one or both sides of a negative electrode current collector, drying and rolling to form a negative electrode active material layer.
- a negative electrode current collector for the negative electrode current collector
- a plain portion that does not carry the negative electrode active material layer is provided, and a negative electrode lead is welded to the plain portion.
- the negative electrode current collector a metal foil, a rasker or an etched metal sheet, or the like is used. Copper or copper alloy is preferably used as the material of the negative electrode current collector.
- the thickness of the negative electrode current collector is, for example, 10 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m.
- the negative electrode mixture paste is prepared by mixing the negative electrode mixture with a liquid dispersion medium.
- the negative electrode mixture includes a negative electrode active material as an essential component, and includes a binder, a conductive agent, a thickener, and the like as optional components.
- the negative electrode active material is not particularly limited, but for example, a carbon material, a metal, an alloy, a metal oxide, a metal nitride, a metal oxynitride, or the like is preferably used. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the carbon material a material that can release and occlude lithium ions by charging and discharging is used.
- calcined organic polymer compounds phenol resin, polyacrylonitrile, cellulose, etc.
- calcined or pitch calcined products artificial graphite, natural graphite, graphitizable carbon materials, non-graphitizable carbon materials, pitch-based materials
- Carbon fiber, PAN-based carbon fiber, etc. are preferably used.
- the shape of the carbon material is not particularly limited, and for example, a fibrous material, a spherical shape, a scaly shape, or a massive shape can be used.
- the metal and alloy for example, a simple element, a simple alloy, a simple tin, a tin alloy, a simple germanium, a germanium alloy, or the like can be used.
- a simple element or a key alloy is preferable.
- the metal element other than the key element contained in the key alloy is a metal element that does not form an alloy with lithium.
- the metal element that does not form an alloy with lithium may be a chemically stable electron conductor, but for example, titanium, copper, nickel, and the like are desirable. One of these may be contained alone in the key alloy. Multiple types may be simultaneously contained in the key alloy.
- the molar ratio of TiZSi is 0 and preferably 2 and more preferably 0.1 ⁇ Ti / Si ⁇ 1.0.
- the silicon alloy contains Cu
- the molar ratio of CuZSi is 0, CuZSi, 4 or more, and 0.1 l ⁇ Cu / Si ⁇ 2.0 is particularly preferable.
- the silicon alloy contains Ni
- the Ni / Si molar ratio is preferably 0 ⁇ Ni / Si ⁇ 2, particularly preferably 0.l ⁇ Ni / Si ⁇ l.0.
- the metal oxide for example, a silicon oxide, a stannic oxide, a germanium oxide, or the like can be used. Of these, silicates are particularly preferred. It is desirable that the key oxide has a composition represented by the general formula SiOx (where 0 and X are 2). Here, the X value indicating the content of oxygen element is more preferably 0.01 ⁇ x ⁇ l.
- the metal nitride for example, silicon nitride, tin nitride, germanium nitride, or the like can be used. Of these, kaen nitride is particularly preferable.
- the silicon nitride desirably has a composition represented by the general formula SiNy (where 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 4Z3).
- the y value indicating the content of nitrogen element is more preferably 0.01 ⁇ x ⁇ l.
- a binder As a binder, a conductive agent, a thickener, and the like that can be included in the positive electrode mixture or the negative electrode mixture, the same materials as in the past can be used.
- the binder is not particularly limited as long as it can be dissolved or dispersed in the paste dispersion medium.
- fluorine resin acrylic rubber, modified acrylic rubber, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), acrylic polymer, bull polymer, and the like can be used. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- SBR styrene butadiene rubber
- Preferred examples of the fluorinated resin include polyvinylidene fluoride, a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene, and polytetrafluoroethylene. These can be used, for example, as a disperse yon.
- acetylene black, graphite, carbon fiber, or the like can be used. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose and the like are preferable.
- the binder in the dispersion medium mixed with the positive electrode mixture or the negative electrode mixture, can be dissolved or dispersed.
- U who prefers to use the ability.
- N-methyl 2-pyrrolidone, N, N dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, hexamethylsulfuramide, tetramethylurea when using a binder that dissolves or disperses in an organic solvent
- water or warm water is preferable.
- the method for preparing the positive electrode mixture paste or the negative electrode mixture paste by mixing the positive electrode mixture or the negative electrode mixture with a dispersion medium is not particularly limited.
- a planetary mixer, a homomixer, a pin mixer, a kneader, a homogenizer, or the like can be used. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- various dispersants, surfactants, stabilizers, etc. can be added as necessary when the paste is kneaded.
- the positive electrode mixture paste or the negative electrode mixture paste may be a current collector using, for example, a slit die coater, a river slow coater, a lip coater, a blade coater, a knife coater, a gravure coater, or a dip coater. Can be easily applied to.
- the paste applied to the current collector is preferably dried close to natural drying. However, considering productivity, it is preferable to dry at a temperature of 70 ° C to 200 ° C for 10 minutes to 5 hours.
- the rolling is performed several times with a roll press machine at a linear pressure of 1000 to 2000 kgZcm until the electrode plate has a predetermined thickness of 130 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m, for example. It is preferable to perform rolling a plurality of times while changing the linear pressure.
- a microporous film having a polymer strength is preferably used.
- Polymers include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylamide, polytetrafluoroethylene, polysulfone, polyether sulfone, polycarbonate, polyamide, polyimide, polyether (Polyethylene oxide or polypropylene oxide), cellulose (canoleboxymethylenocellulose cellulose hydroxypropyl cellulose), poly (meth) acrylic acid, poly (meth) acrylic acid ester, etc. are used.
- the microporous film may be a multilayer film composed of a plurality of layers. Of these, a microporous film having polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride and the like is preferable.
- the thickness of the separator is preferably 10 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m, for example.
- LiCoO average particle size 10 ⁇ m
- carbon black as the conductive agent
- PVdF Polyvinylidene fluoride
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- the positive electrode mixture paste was applied to both surfaces of a positive electrode current collector having an aluminum foil strength of 30 ⁇ m by a doctor blade method so that the thickness after drying was about 230 m. Thereafter, the dried coating film was rolled so as to have a thickness of 180 / zm, and cut to a predetermined size to obtain a positive electrode plate. A positive electrode lead made of aluminum was welded to the positive electrode plate.
- Carbon material (graphite) as the active material (average particle size 25 m) and styrene butadiene rubber as the binder are blended at a mass ratio of 100: 5, kneaded with an appropriate amount of water, and mixed with the negative electrode. An agent paste was obtained.
- the negative electrode mixture paste was applied to both sides of a negative electrode current collector having a copper foil strength of 20 m by a doctor blade method so that the thickness after drying was about 230 m. Thereafter, the dried coating film was rolled so as to have a thickness of 180 m, and cut into predetermined dimensions to obtain a negative electrode plate. A negative electrode lead made of nickel was welded to the negative electrode plate.
- EC ethylene carbonate
- DEC jetyl carbonate
- LiBF is dissolved as an alkali salt containing boron, and boron is further contained.
- LiPF was dissolved as an alkaline salt.
- hydrogenated terfel was further added to the mixed solvent in which the alkali salt was dissolved.
- a hydrogenated m-terfel composed of the following components was used.
- the composition analysis of hydrogenated m-terfel was performed by gas chromatography.
- the content of hydrogenated m-terfel was 2.5% by mass.
- a prismatic lithium ion secondary battery as shown in FIG. 1 was manufactured.
- the alloy No. 3000 series aluminum- It was housed in a prismatic battery case that also had a lum alloy power.
- the aluminum alloy has a thickness of 0.4 mm and contains a small amount of manganese and copper.
- the negative electrode lead pulled out from the electrode group was connected to a rivet located at the center of the sealing plate through the upper insulating plate.
- the positive electrode lead drawn out from the electrode group was connected to the back surface of the sealing plate through the upper insulating plate.
- the sealing plate has a safety valve and an injection hole. Next, 2.14 g of a predetermined non-aqueous electrolyte was injected from the injection hole. Thereafter, the liquid injection hole was closed with a plug and sealed with laser welding.
- the obtained battery was charged at a constant current of 170 mA until the battery voltage reached 4.2 V, and then charged and discharged three times until the battery voltage reached 3. OV. Thereafter, the battery was further charged with a constant current of 170 mA for 20 minutes.
- a prismatic lithium ion secondary battery was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the content of m-terphenyl, which was hydrogenated in the nonaqueous electrolytic solution, was 0.2 mass%.
- a prismatic lithium ion secondary battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the content of m-terphenyl, which was hydrogenated in the nonaqueous electrolytic solution, was 0.5 mass%.
- a prismatic lithium ion secondary battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the content of hydrogenated m-terphenyl in the nonaqueous electrolytic solution was 3.5% by mass.
- a prismatic lithium ion secondary battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except that 0.05 mass% of diphenyl ether was further contained in the nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- a prismatic lithium ion secondary battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the content of diphenyl ether in the nonaqueous electrolytic solution was 0.1 mass%.
- a prismatic lithium ion secondary battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the content of diphenyl ether in the nonaqueous electrolytic solution was 1.0 mass%.
- Example 1 except that the content of LiBF in the non-aqueous electrolyte was 0.1% by mass.
- Example 1 except that the LiBF content in the non-aqueous electrolyte was 0.7% by mass.
- Example 6 except that the content of LiBF in the nonaqueous electrolytic solution was 0.15% by mass.
- a rectangular lithium ion secondary battery was produced in the same manner as described above.
- Example 6 except that the content of LiBF in the non-aqueous electrolyte was 0.3% by mass.
- Example 6 except that the content of LiBF in the nonaqueous electrolytic solution was 0.35% by mass.
- a rectangular lithium ion secondary battery was produced in the same manner as described above.
- Example 11 The same as Example 11 except that the content of hydrogenated m-terphenyl in the non-aqueous electrolyte was 1.0 mass% and the content of diphenyl ether was 0.5 mass%. Thus, a square lithium ion secondary battery was produced.
- a prismatic lithium ion secondary battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 13 except that 2% by mass of beylene carbonate was further contained in the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- HVEC butyl ethylene carbonate
- a prismatic lithium ion secondary battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 2% by mass of beylene carbonate was further contained in the non-aqueous electrolyte.
- LiBF an alkali salt containing boron
- a rectangular lithium ion secondary battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the above.
- a prismatic lithium ion secondary battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the hydrogenated m-terphenyl was not contained in the nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- a rectangular lithium ion secondary battery was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the above.
- LiPF which is an alkali salt containing no boron
- Example 1 except that only LiBF, which is an alkali salt containing silicon, was contained at a concentration of 1. OM
- a prismatic lithium ion secondary battery was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 7, except that the hydrogenated m-terphenyl was not contained in the nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- a prismatic lithium ion secondary battery was fabricated in the same manner as in Comparative Example 5 except that the content of diphenyl ether in the nonaqueous electrolytic solution was 1.5 mass%.
- a prismatic lithium ion secondary battery was produced in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that 2% by mass of beylene carbonate was further contained in the nonaqueous electrolytic solution.
- the battery was charged at a constant current of 850 mA (1. OItA, 1 hour rate) at 20 ° C until the battery voltage reached 4.2V.
- the battery was charged until it decayed to a current value of 42.5 mA (0.05 ItA, 20 hours rate) at a constant voltage of 4.2 V.
- the battery capacity after the first cycle and after 500 cycles was measured.
- the ratio of the battery capacity after 500 cycles to the battery capacity of the first cycle was calculated as a percentage.
- the average value of 10 batteries was obtained.
- the battery was charged with a constant current of 850 mA (l.0 ItA, 1 hour rate) until the battery voltage reached 4.2 V.
- the battery was charged at a constant voltage of 4.2 V until it decayed to a current value of 42.5 mA (0.05 ItA, 20 hours rate), and was fully charged.
- a fully charged battery was stored at 85 ° C for 3 days.
- the ratio of the battery capacity after storage to the battery capacity before storage was calculated as a percentage.
- the average value of 10 batteries was calculated and used as the capacity recovery rate.
- the battery was discharged at a constant current of 850 mA (l. 0 ItA, 1 hour rate) until the battery voltage reached 3.0 V, and then the constant of 850 mA (l. 0 ItA, 1 hour rate). Continued charging with current
- the battery containing the non-aqueous electrolyte of the present invention has excellent charge / discharge cycle characteristics, high-temperature storage characteristics, and excellent safety during overcharge. It was. This is presumably because the non-aqueous electrolyte of the present invention contains an alkali salt containing boron and a solute that also has an alkali salt power not containing boron, and hydrogenated terphenyl.
- the content of hydrogenated terfel is preferably 0.5 to 3.5% by mass. Further, from Example 2, it can be seen that even if the content of hydrogenated terphenyl is small, the effect of improving the safety during overcharge can be obtained to some extent.
- the content of diphenyl ether in the non-aqueous electrolyte is 0.1% by mass to 1% by mass. It is understood that is preferable. When the content of diphenyl ether is 0.05 mass%, the effect is not clear, but the safety is considered to be improved to some extent.
- the content is preferably in the range of 0.1% by mass to 0.5% by mass.
- Example 9 where the amount is 0.7% by mass, the high-temperature storage characteristics tend to decrease, but the other characteristics are good. Further, from Examples 10 to 13, LiBF which is an alkali salt containing boron
- the content of 4 is particularly preferably in the range of 0.15% by mass to 0.35% by mass.
- Metal 1 particle size 100 to 150 111
- metal Si average particle size 3 m
- stainless steel balls (2 cm in diameter) were added so as to occupy 70% by volume of the capacity in the mill apparatus.
- Ar purity 99.999%, manufactured by Nippon Oxygen Co., Ltd.
- the operating conditions of the mill device were an amplitude of 8 mm and a rotation speed of 1200 rpm. Under these conditions, mecha-caloring operation was performed for 80 hours.
- the TiSi alloy obtained by the above operation was collected and classified with a sieve to obtain a TiSi alloy having an average particle diameter of 5 ⁇ m.
- the obtained TiSi alloy was analyzed by X-ray diffraction measurement, and crystal grains (crystallites) were calculated from the half width of the peak. The average grain size was lOnm. From the X-ray diffraction image, the TiSi alloy has a single Si phase and a TiSi phase, and the weight ratio Si: TiSi is estimated to be 80:20.
- the alloy obtained above and graphite were mixed at a weight ratio of 50:50. 5 parts by weight of polyacrylic acid (molecular weight 150,000, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) is added as a binder to 100 parts by weight of the total of the alloy and graphite, and kneaded thoroughly with pure water. A mixture paste was obtained. The negative electrode mixture paste was applied to both sides of a negative electrode current collector made of 10 m thick electrolytic copper foil (Furukawa Circuit Oil Co., Ltd.), dried, rolled, cut to a predetermined size, and negative electrode I got a plate.
- a negative electrode current collector made of 10 m thick electrolytic copper foil (Furukawa Circuit Oil Co., Ltd.)
- a square lithium ion secondary battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 14, except that the obtained negative electrode plate was used. This battery was evaluated as described above. However, the number of charge / discharge cycles was set to 100. As a result, the charge / discharge cycle characteristics (after 100 cycles) were 89%, the capacity recovery rate was 83%, and the thermal runaway rates in the overcharge test were 105 ° C and 110 ° C, respectively, at 0Z1 0 (ie 0%). there were.
- Oxidic acid (SiO) (average particle size 10; ⁇ ⁇ , manufactured by Kojundo Chemical Laboratory Co., Ltd.) 100 parts by weight, carbon black 20 parts by weight, and a binder comprising polyfluorinated vinylideneca 7
- a negative electrode mixture paste was prepared by mixing parts by weight with an appropriate amount of ⁇ -methyl 2-pyrrolidone ( ⁇ ).
- the negative electrode mixture paste was applied to both sides of a copper foil having a thickness of 15 m, dried, rolled, and cut into a predetermined size to obtain a negative electrode plate.
- Example 17 and Example 18 From Example 17 and Example 18, it was confirmed that the present invention was effective regardless of the type of the negative electrode.
- the positive electrode active material instead of LiCoO, lithium nickelate (LiNiO), man
- LiMn O Lithium ganate
- batteries were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 and evaluated in the same manner. As a result, it was confirmed that the present invention was effective regardless of the type of the positive electrode active material.
- the shape of the battery to which the non-aqueous electrolyte of the present invention can be applied is not particularly limited, and may be any shape such as a coin shape, a button shape, a sheet shape, a cylindrical shape, a flat shape, and a square shape.
- the form of the electrode plate group including the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the separator cover is not limited, and the present invention can be applied to both a wound type and a laminated type.
- the size of the battery is not limited, and the present invention can be applied to any of a small size, a medium size, and a large size.
- the present invention relates to consumer electronic devices, portable information terminals, portable electronic devices, portable devices that require high reliability in charge / discharge cycle characteristics, high-temperature storage characteristics, safety during overcharge, etc. This is particularly useful in a driving power source for cordless devices.
- the present invention is also useful in power sources for household small-sized power storage devices, motorcycles, electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, and the like.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
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US11/661,682 US20070254215A1 (en) | 2004-09-03 | 2005-08-29 | Non-Aqueous Electrolyte and Secondary Battery Containing the Same |
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US (1) | US20070254215A1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100882387B1 (ja) |
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WO (1) | WO2006025319A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US8367252B2 (en) | 2006-02-28 | 2013-02-05 | Panasonic Corporation | Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery |
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CN100563058C (zh) * | 2005-07-21 | 2009-11-25 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | 非水电解质二次电池及其制造方法 |
JP5235373B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-28 | 2013-07-10 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
FR2933240B1 (fr) * | 2008-06-25 | 2010-10-22 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Electrolyte non-aqueux pour accumulateur au lithium a tension elevee |
CN101740822B (zh) * | 2008-11-21 | 2012-12-12 | 上海比亚迪有限公司 | 电解液及含有该电解液的锂离子电池 |
CN102484289B (zh) * | 2009-08-24 | 2014-12-31 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 非水电解液型锂离子二次电池 |
US10461358B2 (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2019-10-29 | Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. | Rechargeable lithium battery |
CN103165895A (zh) * | 2011-12-09 | 2013-06-19 | 协鑫动力新材料(盐城)有限公司 | 具有对-三联苯添加剂的锂离子二次电池的正极以及锂离子二次电池 |
DE102013201030A1 (de) * | 2013-01-23 | 2014-07-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Elektrolyt für Lithium-Zelle |
JP6287186B2 (ja) * | 2013-12-26 | 2018-03-07 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
CN104218258A (zh) * | 2014-09-17 | 2014-12-17 | 宜春金晖新能源材料有限公司 | 防过充阻燃电池电解液 |
CN104466251B (zh) * | 2014-12-12 | 2018-07-24 | 东莞新能源科技有限公司 | 一种电解液及使用该电解液的锂离子电池 |
CN107863557A (zh) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-30 | 桂林市漓江机电制造有限公司 | 锂离子二次电池电解液添加剂 |
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US20070254215A1 (en) | 2007-11-01 |
CN100527519C (zh) | 2009-08-12 |
KR20070047841A (ko) | 2007-05-07 |
CN101010828A (zh) | 2007-08-01 |
KR100882387B1 (ko) | 2009-02-05 |
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