WO2006025259A1 - 蛍光体とその製法及びこれを用いた発光デバイス - Google Patents
蛍光体とその製法及びこれを用いた発光デバイス Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006025259A1 WO2006025259A1 PCT/JP2005/015470 JP2005015470W WO2006025259A1 WO 2006025259 A1 WO2006025259 A1 WO 2006025259A1 JP 2005015470 W JP2005015470 W JP 2005015470W WO 2006025259 A1 WO2006025259 A1 WO 2006025259A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- phosphor
- emission
- light
- activator
- wavelength
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/58—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing copper, silver or gold
- C09K11/582—Chalcogenides
- C09K11/584—Chalcogenides with zinc or cadmium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/54—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing zinc or cadmium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/56—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing sulfur
- C09K11/562—Chalcogenides
- C09K11/565—Chalcogenides with zinc cadmium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/58—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing copper, silver or gold
- C09K11/582—Chalcogenides
- C09K11/586—Chalcogenides with alkaline earth metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
- C09K11/7783—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals containing two or more rare earth metals one of which being europium
- C09K11/7792—Aluminates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
- H05B33/14—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of the electroluminescent material, or by the simultaneous addition of the electroluminescent material in or onto the light source
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a luminescent material, and more particularly to a phosphor that emits light in the ultraviolet region.
- the present invention relates to a phosphor suitable for a light-emitting device as a means for separating, decomposing or sterilizing harmful substances, bacteria 'viruses and the like.
- the present invention also relates to a phosphor used for a light emitting device that emits light by emitting ultraviolet rays by inorganic electoluminescence (EL) and a manufacturing method thereof.
- the present invention also relates to a fluorescent lamp as a light emitting device and a field emission display using the fluorescent lamp.
- the present invention relates to a surface emitting device having a surface light emitter that emits visible light by radiating visible light or ultraviolet light with an inorganic EL and that emits visible light by exciting the phosphor with the emitted visible light or ultraviolet light. To do.
- a typical photocatalyst is TiO, which generally has a wavelength of 400 nm or less.
- anatase TiO has a wavelength of 400 nm or less.
- Rutile TiO which has a lower function than 2 but functions up to a wavelength of about 420 nm, has also been developed.
- Devices that emit light of such a wavelength include mercury lamps and light emitting diodes, but they are point or line light sources and are not suitable for uniformly exciting a large area photocatalyst.
- Inorganic EL devices are devices that emit light uniformly over a large area.
- phosphor powder having a function of emitting light is dispersed in a dielectric resin, and light is emitted mainly by applying an alternating electric field.
- phosphors that emit ultraviolet rays with high efficiency are required for light sources such as photocatalytic excitation, insect trapping, UV exposure, and resin curing.
- Examples of phosphors that emit light with high efficiency include ZnS phosphors.
- ZnS phosphors that emit light at short wavelengths are activated by Ag.
- Power emission wavelength is 450 nm. It is blue and does not emit light force in the visible light region.
- This light emission mechanism is based on the fact that the activator Ag added in ZnS forms an acceptor level, and C1 and A1 added as a coactivator form a donor level.
- DA-A pair type aka Green-Cu type, hereinafter referred to as G-Cu type
- G-Cu type Green-Cu type
- This G-Cu type light emission can be shortened by increasing the band gap of the phosphor base material as a mixed crystal of ZnS and a compound having a larger band gap than ZnS.
- a compound that can increase the band gap by making a mixed crystal with ZnS includes Group 2A element sulfate.
- Zn Mg S Ag phosphors in which MgS is dissolved to the limit of dissolution in ZnS
- JP-A-2002-231151 discloses a co-activator having a molar concentration of Cu or Ag as an activator on a phosphor base material, which is a mixed crystal semiconductor of ZnS and group 2A element sulfides. It is described that luminous efficiency and chromaticity can be improved by simultaneously adding. However, the emission spectrum indicates that there is no emission other than the main emission of the G-Cu type, and the emission wavelength is in the visible light region.
- Typical devices that use mercury are lighting or light source devices such as fluorescent lamps, low-pressure / medium-pressure / high-pressure-high pressure mercury lamps. All of these operate on the principle of emitting visible light or ultraviolet light by irradiating phosphors with ultraviolet light generated by mercury discharge.
- a fluorescent lamp such as a fluorescent display tube. It emits visible light by irradiating phosphors with an electron beam generated from a hot cathode or cold cathode power sword. It has features such as long life, high reliability, and low power consumption. It is used as a display for outdoor use and as an outdoor display device (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-176433).
- the most standard fluorescent lamp has a phosphor attached to the anode (plate) of a directly heated triode. (Patterning), the thermoelectrons irradiated from the filament are controlled by the grid, and the phosphor emits light when the thermoelectrons hit the anode.
- the filament material is basically a tanta- sten alloy, and various other alloys are also used.
- the conventional fluorescent display tube is intended only for display device applications and is not intended to generate ultraviolet rays.
- a method has been proposed in which the surface of a phosphor powder that emits visible light when irradiated with an electron beam is coated with a phosphor that emits ultraviolet light when irradiated with an electron beam. This is based on the principle that visible light having a desired wavelength is generated by irradiating an ultraviolet ray emitting phosphor with an electron beam to once generate ultraviolet rays and irradiating the phosphor with a visible light emitting phosphor.
- ZnO, ZnO 2 -Ga 2 O: Cd, etc. have been reported as ultraviolet emitting phosphors.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-231151
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-176433
- Patent Document 3 JP-A-8-127769
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-45438
- G-Cu type blue light emission in the ZnS phosphor can reach only the purple region even when the emission wavelength is shortened by increasing the band gap of ZnS, and light emission in the ultraviolet region does not occur.
- ZnS phosphors activated with Cu and Ag have a blue-Cu type (hereinafter referred to as G-Cu type light emission) on the short wavelength side of G-Cu type light emission when Cu or Ag penetrates not only between the Zn positions of the crystal lattice but also between the lattices.
- B—Cu type is said to produce light emission.
- the activator is Ag
- the ionic radius of Ag is 0.133 nm and the ionic radius of Zn is 0.08 nm.
- EL emission does not occur.
- the activator is Cu
- the ion radius of Cu is almost the same as that of Zn ions smaller than Ag, there is an advantage that it can easily penetrate between crystal lattices. Since the energy level of Cu, the activator that causes EL emission, is deeper than that of Ag, the emission wavelength of B-Cu emission has been shortened only to about 450 nm. The bottom of the short wavelength side exceeded 400 nm. In other words, there was no light emitting component in the ultraviolet region below 400 nm.
- the present invention provides a ZnS phosphor.
- a further object of the present invention is to provide a phosphor that emits short-wavelength EL ultraviolet light when Cu is used as an activator, and a method for producing the same.
- Another further object of the present invention is that when Ag is used as an activator, a mixed crystal of ZnS and other sulfides, Ag, etc., so that Ag can easily penetrate into the lattice.
- the invention in which the surface of the phosphor powder that emits visible light when irradiated with the electron beam is coated with a phosphor that emits ultraviolet light when irradiated with the electron beam. It is for obtaining a display tube, not a device that emits ultraviolet rays. The reason is estimated as follows. This is because the phosphor power S that can efficiently generate ultraviolet rays when irradiated with an electron beam S has never existed. In this fluorescent display tube, the visible light-emitting phosphor absorbs the ultraviolet light emitted from the ultraviolet light-emitting phosphor and emits visible light.
- the visible light-emitting phosphor itself absorbs an electron beam to emit visible light. Even if the intensity of ultraviolet rays is not so high, it does not work. However, when only the ultraviolet light emitting phosphor is used, the luminous efficiency is too low to be practically used as an ultraviolet light emitting fluorescent lamp.
- the present invention can cope with such a problem.
- the phosphor of the present invention is used, the principle of a fluorescent lamp or a fluorescent display tube is used, and the whole structure has high brightness and long life.
- Another objective is to provide a fluorescent lamp that can be used as an ultraviolet light source.
- the surface phosphor obtained by covering the above-mentioned afterglow phosphor in a sheet shape requires a light source when used in a house.
- a fluorescent lamp since a fluorescent lamp is required, there is a drawback that the device becomes bulky.
- ultraviolet light having a large energy, but since the amount of ultraviolet light contained in the fluorescent lamp is very small, it can be irradiated for a long time. Is necessary and power consumption increases.
- an ultraviolet lamp such as a black light is used instead of a fluorescent lamp, the irradiation time is short, but the problem of bulkiness is the same. In particular, when a thin function is required such as a backlight of a mobile phone or a personal computer, bulkiness is fatal.
- a thin EL sheet is applied to a backlight of a mobile phone or a watch.
- these can be displayed on the screen with a knock light on during user operation. Basically, these lights are turned off after several tens of seconds after the 1S operation is completed, so they cannot be seen in dark places. Therefore, to see the time etc. at a place, do not turn on the backlight by pressing the light button again. I have to.
- a further object of the present invention is to provide a surface-emitting device using the phosphor of the present invention, which is a low power consumption type that can excite the phosphor in a short time, and is bulky! /. Is to provide.
- a phosphor having a general formula represented by Zn A S: E, D,
- A is a group force consisting of Be, Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba. At least one 2A group element selected, E is an activator containing Cu or Ag, D is a group 3B and 7B group element force.
- the phosphor base material is a mixed crystal base material obtained by mixing 2A group sulfides such as MgS and CaS having a large band gap based on ZnS, and Cu or an activator (acceptor). It is a phosphor containing B-Cu type light-emitting function. It is made by adding 3B or 7B group elements in the short periodic table such as C1 or A1 as a coactivator (donor). is there.
- Such a phosphor having B-Cu emission can be produced by containing an activator containing Cu or Ag at a molar concentration equal to or higher than the molar concentration of the coactivator.
- an activator containing Cu or Ag at a molar concentration higher than the molar concentration of the coactivator to the ZnS-based phosphor, the amount of Cu or Ag that is not charge-compensated is increased.
- Many activators containing Cu or Ag can easily enter between the lattices.
- the ZnS-based phosphor described in JP-A-2002-231151 is obtained by adding a co-activator having a molar concentration higher than the molar concentration of the activator Ag. Since the coactivator added to the ZnS phosphor also plays the role of charge compensation of the activator, all of the activator Ag in the ZnS phosphor described in JP 2002-231151 is charge compensated. It is thought that. The charge-compensated Ag substitutes the Zn position of the crystal lattice and does not penetrate between the lattices! Therefore, the phosphor described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-231151 does not emit B-Cu light. G-Cu type emission only.
- B-Cu light emission will be described below.
- a ZnS: Cu, C1 phosphor replaces the position of the rubbed Cu force 3 ⁇ 4n, and at the same time C1 replaces the S position. Since the emission wavelength shows a green color around 530 nm, it is called G-Cu type emission.
- the Cu force n position is replaced and entering the gap in the crystal lattice of ZnS, light emission called ⁇ -Cu type light emission near 460 ⁇ m of short wavelength occurs. Since these two emissions occur simultaneously, two peaks appear in the emission spectrum.
- the photoluminescence (PL) spectrum when the phosphor is excited with ultraviolet light has the highest peak intensity on the long wavelength side.
- the force sword luminescence (CL) when excited with an electron beam or electric field is used.
- the peak intensity on the short wavelength side may be the highest, or a clear peak may not appear on the long wavelength side.
- Ag is doped instead of Cu, the same phenomenon occurs.
- the light emission on the short wavelength side is called B-Cu type.
- the peak wavelength of the emission spectrum can be controlled by changing the value of the mixed crystal ratio X. As X increases, the emission wavelength peak shifts to the shorter wavelength side. At this time, it is preferable to control the peak wavelength of light emission to a range of 360 to 375 nm. This wavelength band is, for example, the wavelength most used for resin curing with ultraviolet rays.
- Judgment as to whether the emission spectrum includes a B-Cu type or not can be made, for example, by the following means. For example, in the case of phosphor base material 3 ⁇ 4nS-MgS, if the concentration ratio of Mg to Zn is known, the band gap of the base material can be calculated, and the coactivities with the activator element doped in the phosphor If the type of activator element is known, the emission peak wavelength when DA pair type emission or B-Cu type emission occurs can be calculated from the energy level, so it is judged by comparison with the actual emission wavelength. There is a way to do it.
- B—Cu type light emission is included.
- XAFS analysis using powerful X-rays, It is also possible to determine the position where the light is to be emitted, so it is necessary to distinguish between G-Cu light emission and B-Cu light emission.
- the phosphor base material is a mixed crystal of ZnS and at least one selected from Group 2A sulfate selected from BeS, MgS, CaS, SrS, and BaS.
- the crystal lattice was expanded so that more activator containing Cu or Ag could easily enter between the lattices.
- MgS it expands about 0.05 nm in the a-axis direction and expands about 0.04 nm in the c-axis direction at the MgS solid solubility limit.
- B-Cu type light emission due to an activator containing Cu or Ag entering between the lattices can be obtained.
- the band gap of the phosphor base material is increased, so that there is an advantage that B-Cu type light emission is further shortened and light emission in the ultraviolet region of a shorter wavelength can be obtained.
- This phosphor can be used as a phosphor for PL applications and CL applications that emit light in the ultraviolet region, and can also be used as a conductive phase for Cu-S compounds such as Cu S and carbon nanotubes.
- a light emitting element using PL, CL, EL using the present invention can be expected to be used as an ultraviolet light source.
- ZnS powder which is a raw material of the phosphor base material, a group 2A sulfur powder, an activator raw material powder (if Ag, a predetermined amount of Ag S powder), Co-activator raw material
- Powder for example, a predetermined amount of Al S, Ga S, NaF, NaCl, NaBr and Nal powder, which is at least one of Al, Ga, F, Cl, Br and I
- Al S, Ga S, NaF, NaCl, NaBr and Nal powder which is at least one of Al, Ga, F, Cl, Br and I
- Raw material-dispersed ethanol is dried with an evaporator into which dry nitrogen or dry argon is introduced in order to prevent hydrolysis and oxidation of group 2A sulfide.
- the collected dried raw material is put into an alumina crucible or quartz crucible with a lid and baked at 100 ° C for 2 hours in hydrogen sulfide gas, hydrogen gas, argon gas, or nitrogen gas, and then cooled. 'Combine with annealing.
- the integrated emission intensity in the region of 420 nm or less which is a force that shifts the entire emission spectrum to a short wavelength as the MgS amount increases, is 25% or more of the total emission intensity.
- the integrated emission intensity in the region of 400 nm or less is preferably 5% or more of the total emission intensity.
- the amount of Mg when the integrated emission intensity in the region below 400 nm is 5% of the total emission intensity is about 25 mol% of the total of Zn and Mg.
- MgS is up to about 25 mol% with respect to ZnS.
- rock salt-type MgS which has a crystal structure different from that of hexagonal ZnS, begins to precipitate alone. This shifts to MgO or Mg (OH), which is extremely weak against moisture, and degrades phosphor performance.
- MgS can be dissolved by rapidly cooling the firing temperature.
- MgS solid solution at that temperature.
- 25 mol 0/0 approximately MgS is a solid solution.
- the tendency of the firing temperature, the solid solution amount, and the emission spectrum is the same regardless of whether A is any force or combination of Be, Ca, Sr, and Ba in the general formula of the phosphor of the present invention.
- a phosphor By rapidly quenching from the firing temperature, a phosphor can be obtained while maintaining the amount of solid solution at the firing temperature. For example, using a firing furnace with a fast cooling rate and quenching to room temperature at about 30 ° CZmin, the solid solution amount of Mg can be set to the above value.
- Other cooling methods include the method of cooling while flowing a large amount of gas after holding, and the method of transferring the phosphor powder taken out of the furnace to a container with high thermal conductivity floating in water. is there. When natural cooling is performed in the furnace, the cooling rate is CZmin ⁇ : L00 ° CZmin. If a rapid quench in water is used, cooling rates higher than these values can be obtained.
- underwater quenching may be desirable when the firing temperature is high.
- the atoms or ions of the activator that have entered between the lattices are unstable, so they are expelled from the lattice during cooling, and strain is introduced into the crystal lattice due to rapid cooling, resulting in light emission.
- the strength may decrease. Therefore, before quenching to room temperature during quenching, or after quenching to room temperature, annealing is performed for a long time at a temperature lower than the firing temperature. It is effective to stabilize the atoms and remove the distortion of the crystal lattice.
- a method for introducing the strain for example, a method of applying mechanical stress to the fired phosphor powder, a method of irradiating an electron beam, or the like can be considered. A certain amount of twins are formed inside the phosphor after firing, but the twin density increases further when mechanical stress is applied. When such twin-containing powder is annealed, Cu, Ag, or Au contained in the phosphor in the anneal may be biased to the twin interface and function as a conductive phase.
- the raw material mixing before firing is preferably performed in a non-aqueous solvent or a non-acidic gas.
- the group 2A sulfide which is the raw material for the phosphor matrix, is unstable and is particularly hydrolyzed by contact with water. In addition, acid crystals are generated in dry air, so a mixed crystal phosphor cannot be obtained. In addition, there is a problem that the group 2A oxide is mixed as an impurity after firing.
- raw materials are mixed with a solvent such as ethanol, and the raw materials are dried in an inert gas using an evaporator to prevent deterioration of the raw materials and obtain a phosphor according to the material design according to the charged concentration. be able to.
- the inert gas include nitrogen and argon.
- B Cu-type light emission is produced by firing in hydrogen sulfide gas, hydrogen gas, nitrogen gas or argon gas, and particularly when fired in hydrogen gas, hydrogen sulfide gas or argon gas, it is produced with high brightness.
- sulfur sublimation from ZnS can be prevented by firing in a gas containing hydrogen sulfide.
- Cu can be preferably used as an activator. That is, in the above phosphor, the activator E in the above general formula is Cu, X is 0 ⁇ ⁇ 1, and the partial power wavelength of the electroluminescence spectrum measured by applying an alternating electric field wavelength 40 There is provided a phosphor further characterized by being in a region below Onm.
- the emission wavelength of a ZnS-based phosphor has a broad shape.
- the short wavelength side tail is not more than 400 nm in the region where the peak wavelength of the emission vector is not more than 400 nm. means.
- the skirt on the short wavelength side can be shifted to 400 nm or less by increasing the band gap of the base material and adjusting the contents of the activator and coactivator.
- the concentration of Cu as an activator is preferably 0.006 to 6 mol% with respect to the metal elements of the phosphor base material (the sum of Zn and A in the above general formula). If it is smaller than this, B-Cu light emission is unlikely to occur. Above this, the effect is saturated. More preferably, 0.2 to: Lmol%.
- Examples of D as a coactivator include Al, Ga, Cl, F, and the like. A1 and C1 are preferable in terms of raw material costs.
- the concentration of the coactivator is preferably 0.1 to 90 mol% of the activator concentration. Above this value, the intensity of B-Cu light emission is small. Beyond this, B-Cu light emission is unlikely to occur. More preferably, it is 0.1 to 60 mol%.
- the ratio of the coactivator concentration to the activator concentration described above is a concentration contained in the phosphor body to the last, and may not necessarily match the concentration ratio at the time of preparation of the raw material powder. . That is, in order to produce a phosphor that emits light with high brightness, it is necessary to increase the crystallinity, and therefore a large amount of flux is usually used. Flux is a liquid phase at a low temperature, and salted products such as KC1 and NaCl are generally used. Increasing the concentration of these fluxes increases the concentration of the coactivator contained in the starting material, and in the starting material, the concentration of the coactivator becomes higher than the concentration of the activator.
- the phosphor concentration can be increased regardless of the amount of flux by increasing the concentration of activator in the starting material to 0.1 mol%.
- the inside activator concentration can be made higher than the coactivator concentration. This is a phenomenon that appears prominently when Cu is used as an activator.
- B-Cu light emission is often obtained even when the concentration of the flux is increased. This is because Cu is easier to enter the lattice than Ag.
- annealing is effective because distortion occurs in the crystal lattice of the phosphor rapidly cooled after firing.
- the effect of annealing is not only improved crystallinity of the phosphor base material by removing strain, but also has the following effects. That is, inside the phosphor As a result of the introduction of strain, a large number of crystal dislocations or twins (stacking faults) have occurred. However, by squeezing, excess Cu component of Cu introduced as an activator is The crystal dislocation diffuses into the twin interface and becomes Cu S, which is dispersed as a conductive phase at a high density, resulting in EL emission.
- Dislocations and grain boundary precipitates may be Cu S, and Cu S
- Cu atoms are segregated at high density at the twin interface.
- Cu S particles adhere to the surface of the phosphor containing Cu S by the above-described method.
- the electric field is transmitted through the surface and no voltage is effectively applied to the inside of the phosphor, and the light emission intensity is reduced, it is preferable to remove it by etching or the like.
- MgS weight composition of 50 mole 0/0 the peak wavelength of 400nm of about emission spectrum, foot on the short wavelength side is about 350 nm, cumulative light emission intensity of below 400nm are those large increase to 36 per cent There is also.
- the phosphor of the present invention is obtained by adding Cu as an activator. Therefore, the phosphor of the present invention can emit light even when irradiated with an electron beam or ultraviolet rays.
- Cu acts as an activator, while excess Cu is dispersed in the phosphor as a Cu sulfate after firing. Since Cu sulfide is highly conductive, when an electric field is applied, an electric field that is approximately two orders of magnitude higher than the voltage applied locally is applied to the phosphor. Luminous intensity can be obtained.
- the activator E in the phosphor of the present invention, Ag can be preferably used as the activator E. That is, in the above phosphor, the activator E in the general formula is Ag, X is 0 ⁇ ⁇ 1, and the activator Ag is added to a molar concentration of the coactivator D or higher. A phosphor characterized in that it is contained in a concentration is provided.
- the addition amount of the activator / co-activator, the addition amount of the group 2A sulfur sulfide as a mixed crystal, the firing conditions and the raw materials are set so that more Ag penetrates between the lattices of the ZnS phosphor. Devised in mixing.
- the emission spectrum of the phosphor of the present invention may have two peak wavelengths.
- Ag when used as an activator, it often has two PL peaks.
- Cu when used, it often has one peak wavelength. This is because Cu has a greater force than S Ag.
- the emission peak intensity on the short wavelength side is preferably 20% or more of the emission peak intensity on the long wavelength side. In the case of 20% or more, a CL spectrum having a peak wavelength only at the short wavelength side is obtained as an emission spectrum upon electron beam irradiation.
- the ZnS-2A group phosphor phosphor of the present invention emits light in the wavelength region of 355 to 387 nm, which is ultraviolet light necessary for various applications such as photocatalyst excitation, insect trapping, UV exposure, and resin curing.
- light having a wavelength of around 365 nm, which is highly versatile, can be obtained. Therefore, PL, CL, and EL light-emitting elements using the phosphor of the present invention can be expected to be used as light sources for these applications.
- the ZnS phosphor of the present invention is synthesized by firing at about 900 to 1200 ° C, but it contains many ⁇ -types with large lattice spacing by performing a cooling treatment at a cooling rate of 1 ° CZmin to 100 ° CZmin after firing. As a result, it was possible to obtain a crystal phase in which more Ag easily enters between crystal lattices.
- the ⁇ phase content is 0 to 40%, and the crystal lattice spacing is large. It is predicted that the activator Ag hardly penetrates into the crystal lattice with a small ⁇ phase content. This is also presumed to be one of the reasons why B-Cu light emission cannot be obtained.
- the base material of the phosphor of the present invention is a mixed crystal with a group 2A sulfide, and includes at least one kind selected from the group force consisting of BeS, MgS, CaS, SrS, and BaS. Sulfur is dissolved. At this time, the concentration of sulfide is preferably 5 to 50 mol%, more preferably 15 to 50 mol%.
- the rapid cooling treatment also has an advantage that the interstitial atoms can be stabilized.
- the rapid cooling treatment introduces strain into the crystal lattice, which causes the problem that the light emission intensity decreases.
- annealing it is desirable to anneal at a low temperature of about 100 ° C to 500 ° C for a long time.
- interstitial Ag discharge occurs, resulting in a decrease in B-Cu emission intensity. it is conceivable that.
- high-concentration Ag can easily enter between lattices.
- B-Cu type ultraviolet light emission can be realized, and the light emission intensity can be improved to the maximum.
- the coactivator D is preferably at least one selected from the group 3B elements A1 and Ga and the group 7B elements F, C1, Br and I. Further, the concentration of the activator Ag is preferably 0.006 to 6 mol% with respect to the metal element of the phosphor base material (the sum of Zn and A in the above general formula), more preferably 0.001 to lmol%.
- the phosphor of the present invention emits light in the ultraviolet region at PL and CL.
- the phosphor of the known EL panel can be replaced with the phosphor of the present invention.
- An ultraviolet light emitting EL device can be easily manufactured.
- Ag and Cu are suitable as the activator for the phosphor of the present invention.
- Ag and Au can be used as the activator. That is, in the above phosphor, the activator E in the above general formula is Ag and Au, X is 0 ⁇ ⁇ 1, and the fluorescence is further characterized by light emission by electoluminescence. The body is provided. The reason why Ag and Au are preferable is as follows.
- the activator is Cu
- Cu 1+ ions (0.6 A) are almost the same size as Zn 2+ ions (0.6 A), so they easily penetrate into the gaps between the lattices.
- B—Cu light emission occurs.
- Cu ions that could not penetrate between the lattices are ejected out of the crystal lattice, reacting with S in ZnS to form highly conductive copper sulfide such as Cu S, and the grain boundaries of ZnS crystals. To form. like this
- the size of the Ag ion (4-coordinate 1.OA) is larger than the Cu ion.
- the Ag ions can invade into the gaps between the lattices, and B-Cu type light emission of 400 nm or less can be generated.
- the Ag ions that could not enter between the lattices formed Ag sulfides such as Ag S with low conductivity. Because the electric field concentration does not occur as described above, EL emission is relatively small.
- This phosphor can be realized by making the sum of the molar concentrations of Ag and Au as the activator E larger than the sum of the molar concentrations of the coactivator D.
- An activator having a concentration higher than that of the coactivator penetrates into the gap between the lattices without replacing the position of Zn in order to maintain the neutrality electrically. Further, it is desirable that the molar concentration of the activator Ag is larger than the sum of the molar concentrations of the coactivator D.
- the concentration of the coactivator is preferably 0.1 to 80 mol% of the total molar concentration of Ag and Au. If it is less than 0. lmol%, the emission intensity decreases. Exceeding 80 mol% is not preferable because the intensity of DA pair emission on the long wavelength side, which exists simultaneously with B—Cu type emission, starts to increase. More preferably, the concentration of the coactivator is 0.005 to 80 mol% of the molar concentration of Ag.
- the difference in ionic radius between Ag and Au is not as great as that between Cu and Ag, not only Ag but also Au may enter between the lattices.
- the emission spectrum has two humps, with the peak on the short wavelength side attributed to Ag and the long wavelength side attributed to Au.
- the addition amount of Ag and Au and the addition amount of the co-activator are optimal.
- the cooling rate from the firing temperature is also important. Basically, the higher the cooling rate, the more easily Ag enters the gaps between the lattices. If it is excessively large, Au ions with larger ion radii tend to enter.
- the phosphor temperature can be obtained by maintaining the solid solution amount of the group 2A sulfate (second component) at the firing temperature by rapid cooling, but the quenching rate is too high. In this case, care must be taken because Au tends to enter between the lattices.
- the effect of the force annealing in which strain is introduced inside the rapidly cooled phosphor has the following effect in addition to the improvement of crystallinity of the phosphor base material by removing the strain. .
- a large number of crystal dislocations and stacking faults were generated, so that Ag and Au introduced as activators were not incorporated into ZnS.
- Excess components diffuse again into crystal dislocations and stacking faults. Excess components may be deposited on the surface of the phosphor.
- Au it remains as Au as a second phase and is dispersed at high density in the crystal dislocations and grain boundaries.
- Ag S does not emit EL due to its low conductivity, but Au is conductive.
- the brightness at the time of EL emission is improved due to its extremely high performance.
- Au particles are also attached to the surface of the phosphor in which Au is incorporated by these methods.
- the emission spectrum should have at least two peaks. It often appears as a peak. Also, whenever B-Cu light emission occurs, G-Cu light emission also coexists. Since two kinds of activator, Ag and Au, are used, G-Cu type light emission (the emission wavelength also changes depending on the band gap of the phosphor base material) is generated. If it is weak, it will not be a clear peak, so the shape of the CL or EL spectrum may have a long tail on the long wavelength side. Many. In general, B-Cu type luminescence emits more strongly under strong excitation.
- the emission spectrum of phosphors with B-Cu type emission obtained by doping Ag and Au is broad and often has one or two humps.
- ZnS: Cu, C1 which emits B-Cu light, emits EL at approximately the same peak wavelength as the PL spectrum, but G-Cu light emission (approximately 525nm) also occurs, and the emission spectrum becomes asymmetrical, and the tail on the long wavelength side shifts to about 600nm.
- the base material of the phosphor is a mixed crystal such as 3 ⁇ 4nS-MgS.
- the peak wavelength at least on the short wavelength side of the emission spectrum is 420 nm or less because rutile TiO can be excited.
- the phosphor of the present invention can be suitably used as a fluorescent lamp. That is, according to the present invention, there is provided a fluorescent lamp using the above phosphor, comprising a hot cathode or a field emission cold cathode, a cathode, and a phosphor layer formed on the anode. There is provided a fluorescent lamp characterized in that X is 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.5 and has a function of generating ultraviolet light having a wavelength of less than 400 nm by force sword luminescence.
- ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of 365 nm are favored by insects, and are also used for curing resin and exposure equipment by ultraviolet rays.
- Ultraviolet rays having this wavelength as the peak center are widely used in the present invention. Uses a phosphor with a main emission band in this range of wavelengths, so it can be used in various applications.
- a field emission cold cathode as an electron emission source of the cathode, there is no need for residual heat that becomes a problem when using an incandescent lamp or the like, thereby improving response speed and reducing power consumption.
- power By using a single-bonn nanotube, the amount of electrons emitted is increased. Therefore, fluorescent lamps can achieve sufficiently high brightness as ultraviolet lamps.
- a carbon nanotube layer is formed on the cathode surface as an electron emission source, and a gate electrode is disposed so as to cover the outside of the emission source. Since the electrons collide with the entire area of the light emitting part and emit light, a fluorescent lamp without uneven brightness can be obtained.
- the amount of emitted electrons increases, and the brightness can be further increased.
- the same effect can be obtained by using a diamond columnar crystal with a sharp tip instead of carbon nanotubes.
- a surface emitting device the first phosphor having a function of emitting visible light or ultraviolet light having a peak wavelength of 460 nm or less upon application of an alternating electric field, and irradiation with visible light or ultraviolet light.
- a surface light emitting device comprising a surface phosphor that is a composite of a second phosphor that emits visible light and emits light by inorganic electoluminescence.
- the phosphor of the present invention can be preferably used for a surface emitting device. That is, the surface light emitting device has a surface light emitter that is a composite of a first phosphor and a second phosphor, and the first phosphor is the phosphor of the present invention described above, and is an inorganic elect It has the function of emitting visible light or ultraviolet light with a peak wavelength of 460 nm or less when an alternating electric field is applied, and the second phosphor emits visible light when irradiated with visible light or ultraviolet light.
- a featured surface emitting device is provided.
- a general inorganic EL sheet has a high dielectric constant and emits visible light by applying an AC electric field to electrodes formed above and below a layer in which EL phosphor powder is dispersed in a resin. .
- EL phosphor powder first phosphor
- PL firefly having a function of emitting visible light having a longer wavelength than those lights.
- second phosphor By mixing the light body (second phosphor), a surface emitting device having afterglow characteristics can be obtained. If this is used for the backlight of a mobile phone or watch, the backlight can continue to shine even after the operation is completed.
- the first phosphor those that emit ultraviolet rays of less than 400 nm are preferred. Any phosphor of the present invention can be preferably used as long as it emits light sufficiently with EL.
- the first phosphor has a general formula represented by Zn A S: Cu, D, in which A is
- At least one group 2A element selected from the group of Be, Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba, D is a coactivator containing at least one group selected from group 3B or group 7B elements, and X is 0 It is preferable to include a phosphor having a mixed crystal ratio satisfying ⁇ x ⁇ 0.5 and having a B—Cu type light emitting function.
- Examples of the coactivator D include Al, Ga, Cl, and F. Al and C1 are preferable in terms of raw material costs.
- EL emission occurs due to electric field concentration.
- the emission wavelength of this emission depends on the band gap of the semiconductor that is the base material of the phosphor, and the shorter the emission, the longer the band gap. Therefore, when using B—Cu type light emission, for example, ZnS: Cu, CI, Al (450 to 460 nm) and ZnMgS: Cu, Al (421 nm) can be used.
- the first phosphor for EL preferably has a function of emitting ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of less than 400 nm when an alternating electric field is applied. This is because the user has a short time to operate the mobile phone and the like, and therefore, high energy that can excite the afterglow phosphor in a short time and ultraviolet rays are preferred. Further, an ultraviolet light emitting phosphor having an emission peak wavelength of less than 400 nm, more preferably in the range of 300 to 375 nm is particularly preferable. This is because the second phosphor described later emits light most efficiently when irradiated with ultraviolet rays having a wavelength in this range.
- the first phosphor that emits EL in this wavelength range has a general formula force 3 ⁇ 4n A S: Ag, D
- A is at least one group 2A element selected from the group forces of Be, Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba
- D is at least one selected from group 3B or group 7B elements Co-activator containing
- X is a mixed crystal ratio satisfying 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.5
- D include Al, Ga, Cl, F, etc.
- Al and C1 are preferable from the viewpoint of raw material cost.
- the emission mechanism of this phosphor is exactly the same as that of ZnS: Cu, CI, and even when Ag is doped, it is called B-Cu type emission.
- ZnS: Ag, CI, Al (399 nm) or Zn Mg S: Ag, CI, Al (369 nm) can be used.
- Ag type same as Cu type
- Cu S phase is combined with the prepared phosphor by other means.
- the first phosphors are CaS: Gd, (emitted at 31511111), J & 3: j u (emitted at 400 nm), CaS: Ag, K (emitted at 388 nm), CaS : Pb (emission at 360 nm) is a candidate for UV-emitting phosphors.
- CaO F (emits light at 335 nm)
- Ca 0:01 emits light at 39011111
- & 0: 211 F (emitted at 324-340nm).
- Gd or a material doped with both Gd and Pr is also a phosphor that emits ultraviolet light, such as ZnF: Gd, a purple having a strong emission line spectrum around 3 l lnm.
- an oxide-based phosphor that has a long afterglow time and is excellent in moisture resistance and the like than the force that can be used by traditional phosphors such as ZnS: Cu, CI, etc. is preferable.
- ZnS Zinc S
- Cu Zinc S
- CI Zinc Oxide
- M represents at least one metal element selected from the group force consisting of Ca, Sr, and Ba
- the second phosphor makes this compound a mother crystal and Eu as an activator.
- it is added 0.002-20% in mol% with respect to the metal element represented by M, and also has co-activators such as Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu.
- co-activators such as Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu.
- SrAl O Eu, Dv ⁇ BaAl O: Eu, Lu and the like.
- Sr Al O Eu, Dy, Y O
- Oxide-based phosphors such as S: Eu, Mg, Ti, Y O S: Eu, Mg, Ti can also be preferably used.
- the surface-emitting device of the present invention can be manufactured in exactly the same process as the process for manufacturing a normal EL sheet. Considering the light emission luminance and persistence during electricular luminescence, the ratio of the first phosphor to the total phosphor is preferably 30-70 vol%! /.
- the surface-emitting device of the present invention including an afterglow phosphor as the second phosphor is used for a backlight of a mobile phone or a clock
- the backlight is turned on by the electoric luminescence when operated by the user.
- the knock light can be displayed even when the power is turned off after the operation is completed, so that it is a low light power consumption and can be seen even in the dark.
- a phosphor that emits ultraviolet rays is used as the first phosphor, and the color purity obtained when irradiated with ultraviolet rays is used as the second phosphor. If a phosphor that emits good visible light is used, a surface emitting device that emits visible light with good brightness and high color purity can be obtained. Examples of the phosphor that emits visible light with good color purity that can be used as the second phosphor in the present invention include ZnS: Ag, Cl, Y ⁇ S: Eu, and the like.
- FIG. 1 is an EL emission spectrum of Sample No. 6 in Example 1 measured by applying an alternating electric field.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of a fluorescent lamp according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a field emission display according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 shows a force sword luminescence spectrum of Sample No. 54 of Example 4.
- FIG. Figure 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a fluorescent lamp.
- the fluorescent lamp is composed of a fluorescent bulb 1 having a glass bulb la, a glass substrate 6 and a fluorescent part lb formed on the inner surface of the glass substrate 6 and the inside of which is evacuated, and cathode 2a and cathode 2a which are electrodes.
- a field emission cold cathode 2 comprising an electron emission source 2b formed on the surface and a gate electrode 2c arranged so as to cover the outside of the electron emission source 2b at a predetermined distance and for extracting electrons from the electron emission source 2b And a support base 3 that supports the cold cathode 2 at a substantially central portion of the glass bulb 1 and a socket 4 that fixes the support base 3 and the fluorescent container 1. . When in use, it is electrically connected to an external circuit via the socket 4 and receives power supply to operate.
- the fluorescent part lb is composed of a phosphor layer lc formed on the inner surface of the glass substrate 6 and a metal back layer (aluminum; Al) Id serving as an anode formed on the surface of the phosphor layer lc.
- the metal back layer Id has an effect of increasing luminance and preventing ion impact on the phosphor surface.
- the metal back layer Id is formed by depositing an aluminum film on the phosphor layer surface. If the metal back layer is too thin, the pinhole increases and the reflection to the phosphor layer lc decreases, and if the thickness is too thick, the collision of electrons with the phosphor layer lc is hindered and the amount of emitted light is reduced.
- the A1 metal back film is preferably formed with a thickness of about 150 nm.
- an anode lead pin 5a is electrically connected to the metal back layer Id.
- a lead pin 5b is connected to the cathode 2a, and a lead pin 5c is connected to the gate electrode 2c.
- 5a, 5b, 5c are all guard pins 5.
- the phosphor of the present invention having a function of generating ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of less than 400 nm with high efficiency by CL is used.
- a paste in which a phosphor is dissolved in a solvent is applied on a glass substrate by a method such as printing'slurry method, and then dried to form.
- the excitation with an electron beam increases the B-Cu type emission intensity on the short wavelength side.
- This wavelength band is the wavelength most used for curing the resin by ultraviolet rays.
- This wavelength band is the most utilized wavelength for curing the resin by ultraviolet rays.
- the wavelength centered around 365 nm is the wavelength most preferred by insects, and fluorescent lamps are suitable for insect collectors.
- a conductive material is coated or composited on the surface or inside of the phosphor layer.
- the electrons emitted from the electron emission source are accelerated, but when the acceleration voltage is low, the phosphor is negatively charged and the brightness is saturated, or In the worst case, no light is emitted.
- the conductive phase may be compounded inside the phosphor layer. ITO can be used as the conductive material.
- Cu S may be compounded inside, such as ZnS: Cu 2, C1 phosphor for general electoric luminescence.
- the electron emission source 2b constituting the field emission cold cathode is installed in the glass bulb la by a support base 3 which is also an insulating material fixed to the socket 4.
- a cathode 2a is installed at the upper end 3a of the support table except for the installation location with the table, and an electron emission source 2b is formed on the surface of the cathode 2a.
- the cathode 2a is electrically connected to a cathode lead pin 5b for applying a voltage.
- the insulating material of the support 3 glass, ceramics, etc. can be used.
- glass, ceramics, etc. forsterite, white plate “potassium glass, blue plate” soda glass, or the like can be used.
- a wiring material that can be used for a semiconductor chip or the like can be used for the cathode 2 a installed on the support 3.
- Ti, W, Mo, Fe, Cu, Ni, and alloys and compounds thereof can be mentioned.
- any material that can be formed on the surface of the cathode 2a and easily emits electrons can be used.
- examples of such materials include carbon-based electron emission materials such as carbon nanotubes, diamond-like carbon (DLC), single crystal diamond, polycrystalline diamond, amorphous diamond, and amorphous carbon, and sharp tips. ZnO whisker etc.
- carbon nanotubes have a low voltage required for electron emission, and a large amount of electrons are emitted. Therefore, the ability to save power and increase the brightness of a fluorescent lamp can be suitably used.
- the cathode 2a is preferably a metal containing iron (Fe).
- a method for forming the electron emission source a printing method, a dip coating method, an electrodeposition coating method, an electrostatic coating method, a dry method, or the like is used. Among these, a dry method is preferable as a method for forming a carbon nanotube layer suitable for the present invention on the surface of the cathode 2a.
- the dry method refers to a laser deposition method, a resistance heating method, a plasma method, a thermal CVD method, a microwave plasma CVD method, an electron beam deposition method, etc.
- a method of forming Preferably, a dry method in which a reaction gas is introduced in the presence of an inert gas or hydrogen gas is more preferable. More preferably, a cathode made of a metal containing iron containing carbon monoxide introduced in the presence of hydrogen gas and pyrolyzed. A method of depositing carbon nanotubes on the surface is preferred. Also, the car directly on the cathode By forming the bon nanotube, a smooth coating can be formed on the surface of the metal plate. Therefore, when the electric field is uniformly applied to the surface, electrons are emitted uniformly at each location, so that unevenness in luminance can be prevented.
- the gate electrode 2c is an electrode for extracting electrons from the electron emission source 2b, and is configured by a metal net, a thin metal plate having an opening, and the like, so that the electrons extracted from the electron emission source 2b can reach the fluorescent part lb. Formed with.
- As a material of the gate electrode 2c 426 alloy, stainless steel (SUS304), invar, super invar, nickel (Ni), or the like can be suitably used.
- the shape of the gate electrode 2c has a plurality of openings, and has a shape that matches the shape of the electron emission source 2b, and is placed at a predetermined distance from the cold cathode power.
- the opening of the gate electrode can be formed by etching a metal thin plate.
- an insulating layer can be formed on the surface of the gate electrode 2c facing the electron emission source 2b (not shown).
- the gate electrode 2c is preferably fixed to the support base 3 using a fixing frit glass and a heat-resistant conductive paste. By using both of these, the gate electrode 2c can be fixed and the gate lead pin 5c can be electrically connected at the same time.
- the external circuit force also supplies a voltage to the cathode 2a and the gate electrode 2c via the lead pins 5b and 5c, an electric field is applied between the cathode 2a and the gate electrode 2c, and carbon nanotubes are applied. Extract electrons from layer 2b.
- the electrons emitted from the cold cathode 2 collide with the anode-side phosphor layer lc and emit ultraviolet light. happenss.
- the gate electrode 2c and the electron emission source 2b are set apart by about 0.1 to Lmm.
- the entire electron emission source on the surface of the cold cathode is extracted. If the electron emission source 2b itself is installed at the center of the luminous container 1, the electrons extracted from the electron emission source 2b collide with the entire phosphor layer formed on the inner surface of the luminous container 1 and emit light, resulting in uneven brightness. Does not occur.
- a carbon nanotube layer as an electron emission source, a fluorescent lamp with a large amount of emitted electrons and a high luminance can be obtained.
- the present invention is not limited to the one using the above-described cold cathode. That is, the present invention can also be applied to a fluorescent lamp using a hot cathode (hot filament) that has been used conventionally.
- a hot cathode hot filament
- FED Field Emission Display
- Figure 3 shows the principle of the FED of the present invention. It is the same as a normal FED that the luminous vessel force with the electron beam, gate electrode, and phosphor on the inner surface is also constructed.
- the phosphor an ultraviolet light emitting phosphor layer capable of generating ultraviolet rays by electron beam irradiation is formed on the outside of the light emitting container (FIG. 3 (a)), or a phosphor formed on the inner surface of the light emitting container.
- the layer is made of a mixture of an ultraviolet light emitting phosphor and a visible light emitting phosphor (Fig. 3 (b)).
- a phosphor is irradiated with an electron beam to emit red, green, and blue light.
- an electron beam is once converted into ultraviolet rays with high conversion efficiency, and each ultraviolet ray is irradiated with the ultraviolet rays to emit light of each color. Since there are many phosphors that emit various colors with excellent color purity and luminous efficiency by UV irradiation, there are a wide range of choices, so a full color display with excellent color rendering can be realized.
- Phosphor matrix ZnS, MgS, CaS, SrS, BeS with an average particle size of 1 ⁇ m
- Activator Cu S powder with an average particle size of 1 ⁇ m
- Co-activator Al S, Ga S, NaF ⁇ NaCl, Nal with average particle size 0 ⁇ 5 ⁇ m
- the raw material powder was dispersed in various solvents with a predetermined composition, and further mixed with ultrasonic vibration for 3 hours.
- the composition of each sample is shown in Table 1 below.
- the second component in Table 1 refers to Group 2A sulfides that make up the phosphor matrix. Thereafter, using an evaporator into which dry argon was introduced, various solvents were volatilized and the raw material mixture was dried.
- the collected raw material mixture is put into an alumina crucible with a lid of 20 x 200 x 20 mm (height), and fired at various temperatures in various gases at 1 atm for 6 hours using a tubular furnace. The gas was allowed to cool naturally in the furnace while flowing. For some samples, a 300 x 300 x 100 mm (height), 0.5 mm thick container was floated in a container filled with water. The crucible containing the sample was taken out from the firing temperature all at once, transferred upside down to a container floated in water, and cooled.
- the fired sample was loaded into a press molding machine and molded at a surface pressure of 50 MPa, and then the molded body was pulverized with a ball mill and returned to a powder.
- a 50 ⁇ 50 ⁇ 1 mm quartz glass substrate was subjected to recess processing at a depth of 40 ⁇ 40 ⁇ 50 m, and then aluminum was vapor-deposited to a thickness of 0 .: L m to form a back electrode. 35 vol% body with castor oil Ultrasonic mixing was performed at an integration rate to form a slurry, which was poured into the recess. Finally, a 50 ⁇ 50 ⁇ 1 mm quartz glass substrate coated with a 0.1 ⁇ m thick transparent conductive film (surface electrode) was used to make an EL device.
- Lead wires were attached to both electrodes, and an AC voltage with a voltage of 300V and a frequency of 3000H was applied.
- the emission spectrum was measured with a photonic analyzer.
- the emission intensity was measured with a luminometer with a measurement range of 310-900 nm.
- the light intensity of 420 nm or less and 400 nm or less in the total emission intensity was calculated.
- the results are shown in Table 1.
- the amount of the second component expressed in mol% is a value corresponding to X in the general formula, and the activator concentration, coactivator concentration, and coactivator Z activator are phosphors. It represents mol% of the total amount of Zn and A in the metal element of the base metal, that is, the general formula.
- Fig. 1 shows the EL emission spectrum of sample No. 6 measured by applying an alternating electric field [Table 1].
- the sample with strain (for example, No. 4) increased R compared to the sample without strain (for example, No. 3). This is because dislocations and defects occur inside the phosphor.
- the annealing temperature is 850 ° C
- ZnS powder in the amounts shown in Composition Table 1 to Composition Table 9 as raw materials, BeS, MgS, CaS, SrS and One of BaS powders selected from Group 2A sulfur powder, Ag as the source of activator Ag
- a powder selected from NaCl, NaBr and Nal was dispersed in ethanol, and further mixed for 3 hours by applying ultrasonic vibration tl.
- the numerical values in the table represent the weight (g) of the raw material powder.
- the compositions shown in these tables are only examples.
- the raw material mixture was dried by evaporating ethanol using an evaporator into which dry nitrogen or dry argon was introduced.
- the recovered raw material mixture was put into an alumina crucible with a lid, and was baked at 1200 ° C for 2 hours in vacuum, hydrogen sulfide gas, hydrogen, argon, or nitrogen gas to produce a phosphor.
- the synthesis method shown here is only an example of the synthesis method of the present invention.
- the emission characteristics of the synthesized phosphors were evaluated at PL and CL.
- PL measurement was performed using a Hitachi F4500 fluorescence spectrophotometer
- CL measurement was performed using a CL measurement apparatus attached to a scanning electron microscope manufactured by JASCO.
- the excitation sources are Xe lamp and 10kV electron beam.
- the measurement temperature is room temperature for both measurements.
- the phosphor of the present invention has two types of emission peaks having different wavelengths, and the bottom of each emission peak extends over about lOOnm, whereas the two emission peaks are separated by about 50 ⁇ m.
- the two emission peaks overlap, and the PL spectrum and CL spectrum are obtained in a form in which a light emission spectrum with a low light emission intensity appears as a shoulder in addition to a light emission spectrum with a high light emission intensity.
- the wavelength indicating the maximum value of the peak was defined as the emission wavelength.
- the emission spectrum with low emission intensity was separated as follows. First, an emission spectrum with high emission intensity is approximated by a Gaussian function.
- the emission spectrum with a low emission intensity that existed as a shoulder is obtained as a single peak.
- the wavelength indicating the value was defined as the peak emission wavelength with a small emission intensity.
- the emission spectrum on the long wavelength side is G-Cu type emission
- the emission spectrum on the short wavelength side is B-Cu type.
- Phosphors were produced by the above-described procedure using the raw material compositions in the amounts shown in Composition 1 and Composition 2 to 7 in Composition Table 1 and Composition Table 2 above. However, firing is performed in nitrogen gas. These compositions have a ZnZBe molar ratio of 100ZO, 95/5, 80/20, 70/30, 65/35, 50-50, 40-60, in addition to ZnS and BeS, and an AgZ (Zn + Be) molar ratio of 0. The composition contains Ag S in an amount of 2Z100 and NaCl in an amount of 0.5Z1 in a molar ratio of ClZAg.
- the emission wavelength of G-Cu light emission, the emission wavelength of B-Cu light emission, and the B-Cu / G Cu light emission intensity ratio in PL are shown in Table 11 below.
- the BeS content is 5 mol% or more, a B—Cu type emission peak appears, and as the BeS content increases, the B—Cu type ZG—Cu type emission intensity increases.
- the ratio increased. This is thought to be due to the increase in BeS content and the expansion of the crystal lattice and the increase in interstitial Ag, which is the B-Cu type emission center.
- the ZnZBe ratio 40Z60 emitted light of the same wavelength as that of 50-50.
- the B Cu-type ZG-Cu-type emission intensity ratio increases more than twice, and it is preferable because B-Cu type emission with high emission intensity can be obtained.
- CL the two emission peaks coincide with those of PL, and the B—Cu type ZG—Cu type emission intensity ratio is 1 or more, and the main emission is B—Cu type emission.
- a phosphor was produced by the above-described procedure using the raw material compositions in the amounts shown in Composition 1 and Composition 8 to 13 in Composition Table 1 and Composition Table 3 above. However, firing is performed in nitrogen gas. These compositions have ZnZMg molar ratios of 100ZO, 95/5, 80/20, 70/30, 65/35, 50/50, 40/60, ZnS and MgS, and calo-free Ag / (Zn + Mg) mono.
- the composition contains Ag S in an amount of 0.2 / 100 in kb ⁇ and NaCl in an amount of 0.5Z1 in a molar ratio of ClZAg.
- Table 12 shows the emission wavelength of G-Cu emission, the emission wavelength of B-Cu emission, and the B-Cu / G Cu emission intensity ratio in PL.
- a B-Cu type emission peak appeared when the MgS content was 5 mol% or more, and the B-Cu type ZG-Cu type emission intensity ratio increased as the MgS content increased. This is because the crystal lattice expands as the amount of MgS increases, and the B-Cu type emission center This is thought to be due to an increase in interstitial Ag.
- the Zn / Mg ratio 40/60 emitted light of the same wavelength as that of 50Z50.
- the B—Cu type ZG Cu type emission intensity ratio increases rapidly more than twice, and a B—Cu type emission with high emission intensity can be obtained.
- CL the two emission peaks coincide with PL
- the B Cu-type ZG Cu-type emission intensity ratio is 1 or more
- the main emission is B-Cu type emission.
- Phosphors were produced by the above-described procedure using the raw material compositions in the amounts shown in Composition 1 and Composition 14 to 19 in Composition Table 1 and Composition Table 4 above. However, firing is performed in nitrogen gas. These compositions have ZnZCa molar ratios of 100ZO, 95/5, 80/20, 70/30, 65/35, 50/50, and 40/60, respectively, in addition to ZnS and CaS, and Ag / (Zn + Ca) molar ratio. The composition contains Ag S in an amount of 0.2Z100 and NaCl in an amount of 0.5Z1 in a molar ratio of ClZAg.
- Table 13 shows the emission wavelength of G-Cu emission, the emission wavelength of B-Cu emission, and the B-Cu / G Cu emission intensity ratio in PL.
- a B-Cu type emission peak appeared when the CaS content was 5 mol% or more, and the B-CvM / G-Cu type emission intensity ratio increased as the CaS content increased. This is thought to be due to the increase in the amount of CaS and the expansion of the crystal lattice, resulting in an increase in the interstitial Ag that becomes the B-Cu type emission center.
- ZnZCa ratio 40Z60 Emitted light of the same wavelength as that of 50Z50.
- the B Cu-type ZG-Cu-type emission intensity ratio increases more than twice, and it is preferable because B-Cu type emission with high emission intensity can be obtained.
- CL the two emission peaks coincide with those of PL, and the B—Cu type ZG—Cu type emission intensity ratio is 1 or more, and the main emission is B—Cu type emission.
- Phosphors were produced by the above-described procedure using the raw material compositions in the amounts shown in Composition 1 and Composition 20 to 25 in Composition Table 1 and Composition Table 5. However, firing is performed in nitrogen gas. These compositions have ZnZSr molar ratios of 100ZO, 95/5, 80/20, 70/30, 65/35, 50/50, and 40/60, respectively, and ZnS and SrS with calo-free Ag / (Zn + Sr) mono The composition contains Ag S in an amount of 0.2 / 100 in kb ⁇ and NaCl in an amount of 0.5Z1 in a molar ratio of ClZAg.
- the emission wavelength of G-Cu light emission, the emission wavelength of B-Cu light emission, and the B-Cu / G Cu light emission intensity ratio in PL are shown in Table 14 below.
- Table 14 The emission wavelength of G-Cu light emission, the emission wavelength of B-Cu light emission, and the B-Cu / G Cu light emission intensity ratio in PL.
- Ca content ratio power 3 ⁇ 4 nZSr ratio 3 ⁇ 4 nZSr ratio
- a higher value than that of 80Z20 is preferable because the B Cu-type ZG Cu-type emission intensity ratio rapidly increases more than twice, and B-Cu type emission with high emission intensity can be obtained.
- CL the two emission peaks coincide with those of PL, and the B—Cu type, ZG—Cu type emission intensity ratio is 1 or more, and the main emission is B—Cu type emission.
- Phosphors were prepared by the above-described procedure using the raw material compositions in the amounts shown in Composition 1 and Composition 26-31 in Composition Table 1 and Composition Table 6. However, firing is performed in nitrogen gas. These compositions have a ZnZBa molar ratio of 100ZO, 95/5, 80/20, 70/30, 65/35, 50/50, 40-60, in addition to ZnS and BaS, and an AgZ (Zn + Ba) molar ratio of 0. The composition contains Ag S in an amount of 2Z100 and NaCl in an amount of 0.5 / 1 in a Cl / Ag molar ratio.
- Table 15 shows the emission wavelength of G—Cu type emission, the emission wavelength of B—Cu type emission, and the B—Cu type / G Cu type emission intensity ratio in PL.
- a B-Cu type emission peak appeared when the BaS content was 5 mol% or more, and the B-Cu type ZG-Cu type emission intensity ratio increased as the BaS content increased. This is thought to be due to the increase in the amount of BaS and the expansion of the crystal lattice and the increase in interstitial Ag, which is the B-Cu type emission center.
- the ZnZBa ratio 40Z60 emitted light of the same wavelength as that of 50Z50.
- the ratio of ⁇ -Cu type ZG-Cu type luminescence intensity increases more than twice, and it is preferable because B-Cu type luminescence with high ⁇ ⁇ emission intensity can be obtained.
- CL the two emission peaks coincide with PL, and the B—Cu type, ZG—Cu type emission intensity ratio is 1 or more, and the main emission is B—Cu type emission.
- a phosphor was produced by the above-described procedure using the raw material compositions in the amounts shown in Compositions 32-44 in Composition Table 7 above. However, firing is performed in nitrogen gas. These compositions are composed of ZnS and MgS with a ZnZMg molar ratio of 65Z35, and an AgZ (Zn + Ba) molar ratio of 0.2Z100 in an amount of Ag.
- Table 16 shows the B—Cu type ZG—Cu type emission intensity ratio of the prepared phosphor in PL.
- Co-activator C1Z activator B-Cu type luminescence was obtained when the Ag molar concentration ratio was 0 and 0.1 to 90%, but B-Cu type luminescence was not obtained when 100%. I got it.
- Co-activator Z When the concentration ratio of activator is 100%, the reason why B-Cu type light emission was not obtained was that activator Ag and coactivator C1 concentrations were equal, This is probably because Ag is charge-compensated by C1 and substituted at the position of the Zn lattice, so that it does not penetrate between the lattices.
- Co-activator C1Z activator When the Ag mole concentration ratio is 0-60%, the B-Cu-type ZG-Cu-type emission intensity ratio is 70% to 90%. It is preferable because B—Cu type light emission with emission intensity can be obtained.
- Table 16 The phosphor with the composition indicated by * in the middle is a comparative example.
- Phosphors were produced by the above-described procedure using the raw material compositions in the amounts shown in compositions 45 to 49 in the above composition table 8. However, firing is performed in nitrogen gas. These compositions are composed of ZnS and MgS with a ZnZMg molar ratio of 65Z35, and Ag / (Zn + Mg) molar ratio of 0.2 / 100 Ag S and coactivator Z activator Ag concentration Amounts of Al S, Ga S, NaF,
- the composition contains one of NaBr and Nal.
- the phosphor with any coactivator added has a B-Cu intensity of 20% or more relative to the G-Cu emission intensity, in addition to the G-Cu emission intensity, as in the case of the coactivator C1. Type luminescence was obtained.
- ⁇ and ⁇ are XRD intensities of 28.5 ° and 51.8 °, respectively.
- Table 17 shows the B—Cu type ZG—Cu type emission intensity ratio when the a-phase content power is 0 to 100%.
- the a-phase content was 40%, no clear B-Cu type emission peak was obtained.
- B-Cu type luminescence peaks were obtained when the ⁇ phase content was 50% or more. This is thought to be due to the increase in the amount of activator Ag that penetrates into the lattice due to the increase in the ⁇ -phase content with a large lattice spacing.
- the ⁇ -phase content is 80% or more, the B-Cu3 ⁇ 4ZG-Cu type emission intensity ratio is more than twice as high as that of less than 80%, and B-Cu type emission with high emission intensity is obtained. ,.
- composition 50 to 59 in the above composition table 9 phosphor base material force 3 ⁇ 4 nZMg molar ratio 65Z35 ZnS and MgS force, activator Ag concentration of 0.005 to 5m of the phosphor base metal element
- Table 18 below shows the relationship between phosphor concentration activator Ag concentration and B-Cu-type ZG-Cu-type emission intensity ratio of ol% and coactivator C1 concentration of activator Ag 50 mol%.
- Activators 0. O01mol% and 10.Omol% did not show B-Cu emission peak.
- the peak of B-Cu type light emission is obtained when the activator Ag is between 0.05 and 5 mol% of the metal element of the phosphor matrix.
- B—Cu type ZG Cu type emission intensity ratio is less than 0.2 mol%, more than twice as high as 5 mol% or more, and B—Cu type emission with high emission intensity is obtained. This is preferable.
- the phosphors marked with * are comparative examples.
- the raw materials having the composition shown in composition 11 of Table 3 are in vacuum, hydrogen sulfide gas, hydrogen gas, argon, and some! / Are baked at 1200 ° C in nitrogen gas according to the firing atmosphere of the phosphor.
- Table 19 shows the relationship between the B—Cu type, ZG and Cu type emission intensity ratios.
- B Cu-type luminescence was not obtained when fired in vacuum.
- Phosphors fired in hydrogen sulfide gas, hydrogen gas, argon gas, and nitrogen gas have a B-Cu intensity exceeding 20% of the G-Cu-type emission intensity.
- Phosphors fired in hydrogen gas, argon gas, and nitrogen gas, and B-Cu type ZG Cu type emission intensity ratio is more than double that of those fired in hydrogen sulfide gas. — Preferred because it provides Cu-type luminescence.
- Ag-activated Zn A S phosphors that were subjected to quenching treatment and annealing were performed at 300 ° C in nitrogen gas for 8 hours.
- the phosphor was used, and it was confirmed that the emission intensity was improved about 1.6 times for both B-Cu type emission and G Cu type emission compared with the phosphor. It is thought that the emission intensity is improved because only the crystal distortion introduced by the rapid cooling process is eliminated without discharging Ag that has entered the lattice due to the annealing process at a low temperature.
- the raw material powder having the composition shown in composition 11 of composition table 3 was mixed, dried in nitrogen, and fired to produce a phosphor.
- the emission wavelength was investigated.
- Table 20 shows the G-Cu type emission wavelength, B-Cu type emission wavelength, and B-CuZG-Cu emission intensity ratio for each mixed solvent.
- the phosphor mixed with ethanol produced B-Cu type light emission, but the phosphor mixed with water did not obtain B-Cu type light emission, and G-Cu type light emission was mostly ZnS alone. Therefore, it is considered that a mixed wavelength of ZnS and MgS has almost occurred since the wavelength was shortened.
- the raw material mixing of ZnS and Group 2A sulfide of the present invention does not cause decomposition of Group 2A sulfides such as ethanol, and is preferably mixed in an organic solvent.
- Phosphor matrix ZnS, MgS, CaS, SrS, BeS with an average particle size of 1 ⁇ m
- Co-activator AuCl (same as activator), NaCl powder with average particle size of 20 ⁇ m
- the raw material powder was dispersed in various solvents so as to have a predetermined doping composition, and further ultrasonic vibration was applied and mixing was performed for 3 hours. Thereafter, using an evaporator into which dry argon was introduced, various solvents were volatilized and the raw material mixture was dried.
- the collected raw material mixture was put into an alumina crucible with a lid of 20 x 200 x 20 mm (height), and calcinated at various temperatures in various gases at 1 atm using a tubular furnace.
- a 300 mm x 300 mm x 100 mm (height), 5 mm thick container was floated on a container filled with water.
- the crucible containing the sample was also taken out at once, and the temperature was transferred to a container floating in water upside down and cooled.
- the fired sample was loaded into a press molding machine and molded at a surface pressure of 50 MPa, and then the molded body was pulverized with a ball mill and returned to a powder.
- a 50 ⁇ 50 ⁇ 1 mm quartz glass substrate was subjected to a concave processing of a depth of 40 ⁇ 40 ⁇ 50 m, and then aluminum was vapor-deposited at a thickness of 0 .: L m to form a back electrode.
- the phosphor was cast into castor oil and ultrasonically mixed at a volume fraction of 35 vol% to form a slurry, which was poured into the recess.
- a 50 x 50 x 1 mm stone glass substrate coated with a 0.1 ⁇ m thick transparent conductive film (surface electrode) was used to make an EL device.
- the second component is a sulfide of the element represented by A in the general formula of the present invention
- the amount of the second component represented by mol% is a value corresponding to X in the general formula.
- Ag concentration, Au concentration, and coactivator concentration represent mol% with respect to the metal element of the phosphor base material (in the case of No. 28 sample, Zn and Mg).
- the samples marked with * in Table 21 are comparative examples. No. 28 and No. 34 do not contain Au, and No. 29 and No. 53 show 0-type and 11-type light emission.
- the length shifted to the long wavelength side (No. 48). This is thought to be because the solid solution amount of Be decreased.
- the activator concentration was 0.001 mol% or less, EL emission was confirmed, but it was not strong enough to identify the peak wavelength (No. 39). This is thought to be because the amount of doped activator is small, so that less Au exists as the conductive phase.
- the activator concentration exceeded lmol%, the emission intensity was saturated (No. 40).
- the Ag concentration exceeded 0.5 mol% the emission intensity was saturated (No. 41).
- the concentration of the coactivator with respect to the activator exceeded 60 mol%, the emission intensity decreased (No. 50).
- the concentration of the coactivator with respect to Ag exceeded 60 mol%, the emission intensity decreased (No. 38).
- the sample with a co-activator concentration greater than 100 mol% and an Ag concentration sufficiently higher than the Au concentration (No. 53) has a shorter wavelength than the same G-Cu type emission No. 29 G-Cu light emission occurred.
- a light lamp was produced.
- the distance between the grid electrode and the cathode surface was 0.2 mm.
- YOS: Eu (red) [0145] Thereafter, a metal back layer (A1) of about 100 ⁇ m was formed on the surface of the ultraviolet light-emitting phosphor layer by vacuum deposition. After assembling all the parts with an inorganic adhesive, exhausting the inside of the container, sealing it, flushing the getter to adsorb the residual gas, and adjusting the inside of the container to 10 -6 Pa, then stabilizing Processed. At this time, the ultraviolet light emitting phosphor layer side was inside the lamp.
- the luminance in this example is the luminance of visible light in the wavelength range of 400 to 700 nm and does not include the intensity of ultraviolet rays.
- Sample Nos. 2, 14, 19, and 22 are described as standard luminance 100 in each example.
- a phosphor made by selling ZnO powder with an average particle size of 5 m as an ultraviolet light-emitting phosphor was calcined at 800 ° C for 2 hours in an atmosphere of 40% oxygen and 80% nitrogen, and the same measurement was performed.
- the fluorescent lamp of the present invention showed high visible light luminance. This is because strong ultraviolet rays were generated from the ultraviolet light-emitting phosphors and excited various visible light-emitting phosphors. On the other hand, in the comparative example, the visible light luminance was very weak. The reason for this is thought to be that, in addition to the low intensity of the UV-emitting phosphors, these visible-light-emitting phosphors cannot be excited efficiently by 385 nm UV light.
- Figure 4 shows the CL spectrum of Sample No. 54.
- the peak at 369nm shows B-Cu type emission.
- the long tail on the long wavelength side is thought to be due to the appearance of G-Cu emission at around 420 nm.
- G-Cu emission is strongly excited.
- Example 4 The same measurement as in Example 4 was performed using various phosphors having an average particle diameter of 5 ⁇ m as the ultraviolet light-emitting phosphor. The results are shown in Table 23 below.
- the surface of Zn Mg S: Ag, Al with an average particle size of 5 ⁇ m is flat.
- a hot cathode fluorescent display tube was prepared, and the luminance was measured by applying an anode voltage of 50V.
- a visible light-emitting phosphor was applied to the outer surface of the fluorescent display tube in the same manner as in Example 4, and the luminance was measured. The results are shown in Table 24 below.
- a hot cathode fluorescent display tube was fabricated, and the luminance was measured by applying an anode voltage of 35V.
- a visible light-emitting phosphor was applied to the outer surface of the fluorescent display tube in the same manner as in Example 4, and the luminance was measured. The results are shown in Table 25.
- the relative brightness of Examples 4-7 indicates a comparison within each Example.
- a 100 x 100 mm size, 100 m thick UV transparent resin sheet (Mitsubishi Rayon # 00) was prepared.
- BaTiO Average particle size 0.2 ⁇
- a slurry was prepared by dispersing the powder (25 vol%).
- a coating layer with a thickness of 30 ⁇ m was formed on the A1 electrode in (1) by screen printing.
- a solution prepared by dispersing and dissolving rosin in cyclohexanone at 25 vol% was prepared.
- a slurry was prepared by dispersing phosphor powder (a powder obtained by mixing the first phosphor and the second phosphor with a predetermined yarn composition) in Ar gas (25 vol%).
- a coating layer having a thickness of 60 m was formed on the surface of the insulating layer by screen printing. All phosphors were stored for 24 hours in the dark before treatment, and then used after being removed.
- the resin sheet was coated with a transparent conductive film (ITO film) by 0.2 m by sputtering, and then the electrode lead wire was bonded to the A1 electrode film.
- ITO electrode side of this sheet and the light emitting layer were stacked and sealed by thermocompression bonding at 120 ° C. to obtain a surface light emitting device.
- a surface-emitting device was fabricated using only the first phosphor, and an AC electric field of 200 V and 800 Hz was applied between the electrodes.
- the emission wavelength (EL emission wavelength) was measured with a multi-photonic analyzer (manufactured by Hamamatsu Photo-Tus).
- a surface-emitting device was fabricated using only the second phosphor, and it was confirmed that no light was emitted at all when an AC electric field of 200 V and 800 Hz was applied between the electrodes.
- the PL wavelength was measured by irradiating the second phosphor with a commercially available black light having an emission wavelength of 360 nm.
- the emission wavelength means the peak wavelength on the long wavelength side of the obtained spectrum.
- the EL emission wavelength of the first phosphor was 516 nm, the light energy was low, so the second phosphor had no afterglow. This is thought to be due to lack of energy to excite the second phosphor.
- the afterglow time became longer as the EL emission wavelength of the first phosphor became shorter.
- the first phosphor is preferably 30 to 70 vol% of the whole. The longer the PL emission wavelength of the second phosphor, the longer the afterglow time.
- the phosphor of the present invention can emit ultraviolet light having a part of the emission wavelength of 400 nm or less by inorganic electoluminescence.
- the EL sheet using this is a compact and thin ultraviolet light source, so it can be used in combination with a photocatalyst to purify gases and liquids containing harmful substances and bacteria. Decomposing and removing NOx, SOx, CO gas, diesel particulates, pollen, dust, dust, etc., decomposing and removing organic compounds in sewage, sterilizing light sources such as general bacteria and viruses, in chemical plants It can also decompose harmful gases generated and odorous components.
- the EL sheet By forming a plurality of moderately sized through-holes in the EL sheet using the phosphor of the present invention, it becomes a filter having an ultraviolet light emission function that allows the fluid to pass through the inside of the sheet. Become a purification device.
- the fluid can permeate through the EL sheet, so the contact efficiency between the fluid and the photocatalyst is increased, and even higher photocatalytic performance is exhibited.
- the EL sheet can be cooled by the permeation of the fluid.
- the ZnS-2A group phosphor phosphor of the present invention has a wavelength of 355 to 387 nm, which is an ultraviolet ray necessary for various applications such as photocatalyst excitation, insect trapping, UV exposure, and resin curing. Since it emits light and emits light having a wavelength of around 365 nm, which is particularly versatile, PL, CL, and EL light-emitting elements using the phosphor of the present invention can be expected to be used as a light source for these applications.
- the one in which Au particles are deposited on the phosphor surface is used as the phosphor of an electron beam excitation type fluorescent lamp, particularly a low speed electron beam excitation type fluorescent lamp. In this case, the phosphor surface can be prevented from being charged up, so that stable light emission can be achieved. Light with an emission peak wavelength of 420 nm or less can be emitted by inorganic EL.
- the ZnS phosphor of the present invention can emit short-wavelength light having a peak wavelength of 420 nm or less by doping Ag between the lattices.
- Au when Au is doped at the same time, Au remains at the grain boundary, so that light can be efficiently emitted by EL.
- Light-emitting devices created using this phosphor are rutile TiO and anatase TiO.
- this phosphor contains highly conductive Au.
- the fluorescent lamp of the present invention has a light emitting container having a phosphor layer formed on the inner surface and the inside of which is evacuated, a cathode serving as an electron emission source inside the light emitting container, and a function of emitting ultraviolet rays by CL.
- a field emission cold cathode is used as a cathode rather than a hot cathode.
- a field emission cold cathode includes an electron emission source formed on the cathode and a gate electrode surrounding the electron emission source. Be prepared. If a cold cathode equipped with an electron gun such as carbon nanotube is used as an electron emission source, the voltage required for electron emission is low and the amount of emitted electrons is large. Can be planned.
- the use of a field emission cold cathode facilitates handling and manufacturing, such as eliminating the need for a heating power source, improving response speed and reducing power consumption, and significantly extending the life of the fluorescent lamp.
- the fluorescent lamp of the present invention is a fluorescent lamp capable of emitting ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of less than 400 nm, and serves as a light source capable of efficiently sterilizing bacteria, viruses and the like.
- a photocatalyst organic substances and bacteria 'viruses, NOx, SOx, CO gas, diesel particulates, pollen, dust, mites, etc. that become pollutants in the atmosphere are decomposed and organic compounds contained in sewage are decomposed and removed.
- It can decompose germicidal light sources such as general bacteria and viruses, decompose harmful gases generated by chemical brands, and decompose odorous components.
- UV light with a peak wavelength force of S360 to 375 nm is an effective wavelength for UV resin curing systems.
- it since it is a wavelength preferred by insects, it is also effective as a collecting lamp.
- the surface emitting device of the present invention comprises a phosphor that can emit visible light or ultraviolet light by EL (first phosphor) and a phosphor that emits visible light by emitted visible light or ultraviolet light (second phosphor).
- a surface light emitter which is a composite of By making the second phosphor an afterglow phosphor, it emits light by EL when an electric field is applied, and continues to light by afterglow when the electric field is cut off.
- the surface emitting device of the present invention is used for the backlight of a mobile phone or a watch, the backlight is turned on by EL when the user operates, and the knock light keeps on when the power is turned off after the operation is completed. It has low power consumption and can be seen in the dark.
- a knocklight for the second screen of a folding mobile phone screen placed outside when folded
- it is preferable that the time and incoming mail information is easy to see. It can also be used for emergency display boards.
- a surface emitting device capable of emitting visible light with good color purity is obtained.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006532596A JPWO2006025259A1 (ja) | 2004-09-03 | 2005-08-25 | 蛍光体とその製法及びこれを用いた発光デバイス |
US11/661,686 US20080191607A1 (en) | 2004-09-03 | 2005-08-25 | Phosphor, Method For Producing Same, And Light-Emitting Device Using Same |
DE112005002127T DE112005002127T5 (de) | 2004-09-03 | 2005-08-25 | Leuchtstoff, Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben und lichtemittierende Vorrichtung unter Verwendung desselben |
Applications Claiming Priority (10)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004-256434 | 2004-09-03 | ||
JP2004256433 | 2004-09-03 | ||
JP2004256434 | 2004-09-03 | ||
JP2004-256433 | 2004-09-03 | ||
JP2004259438 | 2004-09-07 | ||
JP2004-259438 | 2004-09-07 | ||
JP2005017676 | 2005-01-26 | ||
JP2005-018124 | 2005-01-26 | ||
JP2005-017676 | 2005-01-26 | ||
JP2005018124 | 2005-01-26 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006025259A1 true WO2006025259A1 (ja) | 2006-03-09 |
Family
ID=35999916
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2005/015470 WO2006025259A1 (ja) | 2004-09-03 | 2005-08-25 | 蛍光体とその製法及びこれを用いた発光デバイス |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080191607A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2006025259A1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112005002127T5 (ja) |
TW (1) | TW200611962A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006025259A1 (ja) |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008013171A1 (fr) * | 2006-07-25 | 2008-01-31 | Panasonic Corporation | Élément émetteur de lumière et dispositif d'affichage |
WO2008023620A1 (fr) * | 2006-08-22 | 2008-02-28 | Panasonic Corporation | Dispositif électroluminescent et écran |
WO2008032737A1 (fr) * | 2006-09-14 | 2008-03-20 | Panasonic Corporation | Appareil d'affichage |
WO2008069174A1 (ja) * | 2006-12-06 | 2008-06-12 | Panasonic Corporation | 面状発光装置 |
WO2008072520A1 (ja) * | 2006-12-15 | 2008-06-19 | Panasonic Corporation | 線状発光装置 |
WO2008102559A1 (ja) * | 2007-02-23 | 2008-08-28 | Panasonic Corporation | 表示装置 |
WO2010114160A1 (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-10-07 | Fujifilm Corporation | Dispersion-type electroluminescence device |
WO2010147180A1 (ja) * | 2009-06-18 | 2010-12-23 | 株式会社クラレ | 硫化亜鉛系青色蛍光体の製造方法 |
JP2011012244A (ja) * | 2009-06-01 | 2011-01-20 | National Institute For Materials Science | 硫化亜鉛ナノベルト、紫外線検知センサー及びこれらの製造法 |
JP2012251147A (ja) * | 2011-06-03 | 2012-12-20 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | シリケート蛍光体、シリケート蛍光体の製造方法、及びシリケート蛍光体を含む発光装置 |
WO2014103851A1 (ja) * | 2012-12-25 | 2014-07-03 | タツモ株式会社 | 分散型el用蛍光体の製造方法 |
JP2015174974A (ja) * | 2014-03-18 | 2015-10-05 | 国立研究開発法人日本原子力研究開発機構 | ZnS蛍光体及びその製造方法 |
CN105567234A (zh) * | 2013-04-19 | 2016-05-11 | 四川新力光源股份有限公司 | 氮氧化物发光材料及其制备方法和应用、包含该氮氧化物的荧光粉以及由其制成的led光源 |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101299035B1 (ko) * | 2006-06-28 | 2013-08-27 | 톰슨 라이센싱 | 전계 방출 백라이트를 구비하는 액정 디스플레이 |
KR101361509B1 (ko) * | 2006-12-18 | 2014-02-10 | 톰슨 라이센싱 | 블랙 매트릭스를 갖는 전계 방출 유닛을 갖는 디스플레이 디바이스 |
US20100060820A1 (en) * | 2006-12-18 | 2010-03-11 | Thomsaon Licensing | Screen structure for field emission device backlighting unit |
US20090257796A1 (en) * | 2008-04-09 | 2009-10-15 | Houston Advanced Research Center | Nanotechnology based image reproduction device |
US20100050619A1 (en) * | 2008-09-03 | 2010-03-04 | Houston Advanced Research Center | Nanotechnology Based Heat Generation and Usage |
JP5580865B2 (ja) * | 2012-10-23 | 2014-08-27 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | 紫外光発生用ターゲット、電子線励起紫外光源、及び紫外光発生用ターゲットの製造方法 |
US20160373154A1 (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2016-12-22 | Ii-Vi Incorporated | Electronic Device Housing Utilizing A Metal Matrix Composite |
KR101690430B1 (ko) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-12-27 | 전남대학교산학협력단 | 자외선 발광 소자 |
JP6450809B1 (ja) * | 2017-06-28 | 2019-01-09 | 株式会社ソディック | 電子ビーム表面改質装置 |
CN109473337B (zh) * | 2018-12-28 | 2024-03-29 | 同方威视技术股份有限公司 | 一种外置栅控式热阴极阵列电子枪 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH08127769A (ja) * | 1994-09-09 | 1996-05-21 | Futaba Corp | 蛍光体及び表示装置 |
JP2002231151A (ja) * | 2001-01-30 | 2002-08-16 | Hitachi Ltd | 画像表示装置 |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3094961B2 (ja) * | 1997-07-31 | 2000-10-03 | 日本電気株式会社 | 液晶表示素子 |
JP2002264724A (ja) * | 2001-03-12 | 2002-09-18 | Toyoda Gosei Co Ltd | 車両用の室内照明装置 |
US6610985B2 (en) * | 2001-07-23 | 2003-08-26 | The Hong Kong University Of Science And Technology | ZnMgS-based UV detectors |
JP2005048158A (ja) * | 2003-07-15 | 2005-02-24 | Hitachi Ltd | 画像表示装置 |
-
2005
- 2005-08-25 WO PCT/JP2005/015470 patent/WO2006025259A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-08-25 US US11/661,686 patent/US20080191607A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-08-25 JP JP2006532596A patent/JPWO2006025259A1/ja active Pending
- 2005-08-25 DE DE112005002127T patent/DE112005002127T5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-08-26 TW TW094129394A patent/TW200611962A/zh unknown
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH08127769A (ja) * | 1994-09-09 | 1996-05-21 | Futaba Corp | 蛍光体及び表示装置 |
JP2002231151A (ja) * | 2001-01-30 | 2002-08-16 | Hitachi Ltd | 画像表示装置 |
Cited By (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPWO2008013171A1 (ja) * | 2006-07-25 | 2009-12-17 | パナソニック株式会社 | 発光素子、及び、表示装置 |
US7982388B2 (en) | 2006-07-25 | 2011-07-19 | Panasonic Corporation | Light emitting element and display device |
WO2008013171A1 (fr) * | 2006-07-25 | 2008-01-31 | Panasonic Corporation | Élément émetteur de lumière et dispositif d'affichage |
WO2008023620A1 (fr) * | 2006-08-22 | 2008-02-28 | Panasonic Corporation | Dispositif électroluminescent et écran |
US8207545B2 (en) | 2006-08-22 | 2012-06-26 | Panasonic Corporation | Light-emitting device and display |
JPWO2008023620A1 (ja) * | 2006-08-22 | 2010-01-07 | パナソニック株式会社 | 発光素子及び表示装置 |
JPWO2008032737A1 (ja) * | 2006-09-14 | 2010-01-28 | パナソニック株式会社 | 表示装置 |
JP5014347B2 (ja) * | 2006-09-14 | 2012-08-29 | パナソニック株式会社 | 表示装置 |
US8179033B2 (en) | 2006-09-14 | 2012-05-15 | Panasonic Corporation | Display apparatus |
WO2008032737A1 (fr) * | 2006-09-14 | 2008-03-20 | Panasonic Corporation | Appareil d'affichage |
WO2008069174A1 (ja) * | 2006-12-06 | 2008-06-12 | Panasonic Corporation | 面状発光装置 |
JPWO2008072520A1 (ja) * | 2006-12-15 | 2010-03-25 | パナソニック株式会社 | 線状発光装置 |
WO2008072520A1 (ja) * | 2006-12-15 | 2008-06-19 | Panasonic Corporation | 線状発光装置 |
WO2008102559A1 (ja) * | 2007-02-23 | 2008-08-28 | Panasonic Corporation | 表示装置 |
JP5191476B2 (ja) * | 2007-02-23 | 2013-05-08 | パナソニック株式会社 | 表示装置 |
US8110831B2 (en) | 2007-02-23 | 2012-02-07 | Panasonic Corporation | Display device having a polycrystal phosphor layer sandwiched between the first and second electrodes |
WO2010114160A1 (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-10-07 | Fujifilm Corporation | Dispersion-type electroluminescence device |
JP2011012244A (ja) * | 2009-06-01 | 2011-01-20 | National Institute For Materials Science | 硫化亜鉛ナノベルト、紫外線検知センサー及びこれらの製造法 |
WO2010147180A1 (ja) * | 2009-06-18 | 2010-12-23 | 株式会社クラレ | 硫化亜鉛系青色蛍光体の製造方法 |
JP2012251147A (ja) * | 2011-06-03 | 2012-12-20 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | シリケート蛍光体、シリケート蛍光体の製造方法、及びシリケート蛍光体を含む発光装置 |
WO2014103851A1 (ja) * | 2012-12-25 | 2014-07-03 | タツモ株式会社 | 分散型el用蛍光体の製造方法 |
JP5986225B2 (ja) * | 2012-12-25 | 2016-09-06 | タツモ株式会社 | 分散型el用蛍光体の製造方法 |
CN105567234A (zh) * | 2013-04-19 | 2016-05-11 | 四川新力光源股份有限公司 | 氮氧化物发光材料及其制备方法和应用、包含该氮氧化物的荧光粉以及由其制成的led光源 |
JP2015174974A (ja) * | 2014-03-18 | 2015-10-05 | 国立研究開発法人日本原子力研究開発機構 | ZnS蛍光体及びその製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TW200611962A (en) | 2006-04-16 |
US20080191607A1 (en) | 2008-08-14 |
DE112005002127T5 (de) | 2007-10-04 |
JPWO2006025259A1 (ja) | 2008-05-08 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2006025259A1 (ja) | 蛍光体とその製法及びこれを用いた発光デバイス | |
JP5229878B2 (ja) | 蛍光体を用いた発光器具 | |
TWI375710B (ja) | ||
JP5713305B2 (ja) | 蛍光体、その製造方法、発光装置および画像表示装置 | |
JP4836229B2 (ja) | 蛍光体および発光装置 | |
JP5224439B2 (ja) | 蛍光体、およびそれを用いた発光器具 | |
JP5322053B2 (ja) | 蛍光体、その製造方法および発光器具 | |
WO2006101096A1 (ja) | 蛍光体とその製造方法および発光器具 | |
WO2007004492A1 (ja) | 蛍光体とその製造方法および照明器具 | |
WO2005052087A1 (ja) | 蛍光体と蛍光体を用いた発光器具 | |
JP2011082529A (ja) | 発光装置 | |
WO2014017580A1 (ja) | 蛍光体、その製造方法、発光装置および画像表示装置 | |
JP2009167328A (ja) | 蛍光体とその製造方法および発光器具 | |
JP6061332B2 (ja) | 蛍光体、その製造方法、発光装置および画像表示装置 | |
JP2007262417A (ja) | 蛍光体 | |
JP3975451B2 (ja) | 蛍光体を用いた照明器具および画像表示装置 | |
TW200817493A (en) | Phosphor, phosphor paste containing the same, and light-emitting device | |
JP2017210529A (ja) | 蛍光体、その製造方法、発光装置、画像表示装置、顔料、および、紫外線吸収剤 | |
JP5187817B2 (ja) | 蛍光体と発光器具 | |
JP5071714B2 (ja) | 蛍光体、その製造方法およびそれを用いた発光器具 | |
WO2006001194A1 (ja) | 蛍光体及びその製法並びにそれを用いた粒子分散型elデバイス | |
JP2005008674A (ja) | 蛍光体および蛍光表示装置 | |
JP4849498B2 (ja) | ケイ酸塩系蛍光体及びケイ酸塩系蛍光体の製造方法 | |
TW201005074A (en) | Phosphor and method for producing the same | |
JP2006335915A (ja) | 粉末蛍光体とその製法、およびこれを用いた発光デバイス |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KM KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NG NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SM SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2006532596 Country of ref document: JP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1120050021270 Country of ref document: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 11661686 Country of ref document: US |
|
RET | De translation (de og part 6b) |
Ref document number: 112005002127 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20071004 Kind code of ref document: P |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |