WO2005124843A1 - シリコンウエーハの製造方法及びシリコンウエーハ - Google Patents
シリコンウエーハの製造方法及びシリコンウエーハ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005124843A1 WO2005124843A1 PCT/JP2005/010215 JP2005010215W WO2005124843A1 WO 2005124843 A1 WO2005124843 A1 WO 2005124843A1 JP 2005010215 W JP2005010215 W JP 2005010215W WO 2005124843 A1 WO2005124843 A1 WO 2005124843A1
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- wafer
- silicon
- heat treatment
- polishing
- silicon wafer
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 155
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 109
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 60
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 40
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 40
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 40
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 304
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 29
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 11
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005247 gettering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004854 X-ray topography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000407 epitaxy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003325 tomography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/302—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to change their surface-physical characteristics or shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
- H01L21/304—Mechanical treatment, e.g. grinding, polishing, cutting
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/322—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to modify their internal properties, e.g. to produce internal imperfections
- H01L21/3221—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to modify their internal properties, e.g. to produce internal imperfections of silicon bodies, e.g. for gettering
- H01L21/3225—Thermally inducing defects using oxygen present in the silicon body for intrinsic gettering
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/04—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces
- B24B37/07—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces characterised by the movement of the work or lapping tool
- B24B37/08—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces characterised by the movement of the work or lapping tool for double side lapping
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/02—Elements
- C30B29/06—Silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B33/00—After-treatment of single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02002—Preparing wafers
- H01L21/02005—Preparing bulk and homogeneous wafers
- H01L21/02008—Multistep processes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/324—Thermal treatment for modifying the properties of semiconductor bodies, e.g. annealing, sintering
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/21—Circular sheet or circular blank
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a silicon wafer and a silicon wafer, and more particularly, to a method of manufacturing a silicon wafer having a polishing step of polishing a silicon wafer and a heat treatment step of performing a heat treatment on the silicon wafer.
- silicon wafers have oxide film breakdown voltage characteristics called “grown-in” defects such as FPD (Flow Pattern Defect), LSTD (Laser Scattering Tomography Defect), COP (Crystal Originated Particle), and device characteristics.
- FPD Flow Pattern Defect
- LSTD Laser Scattering Tomography Defect
- COP Crystal Originated Particle
- a wafer in which anneal is added to a nitrogen-doped substrate (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a nitrogen-doped anneal wafer) is developed by utilizing the effect of suppressing the agglomeration of the grown-in defect and the effect of promoting the precipitation of oxygen by nitrogen doping. Substrate.
- the effect of nitrogen doping improves the efficiency of elimination of surface defects due to a rule in which the size of defects is smaller than that of a normal crystal.
- BMD Bit Micro Defect
- the so-called OSF region is often included in the wafer surface (for example, Iida et al., 46th Applied Physics Joint Lecture 29a- ZB-9 and Inoue et al., 47th Applied Physics-Related Lecture 30a- YM-8), ⁇
- the distribution of grown-in defects in the e-plane was not uniform, and devices were formed. In this case, there is a problem in that the device characteristics also vary, thereby lowering the yield.
- the wafer that has been subjected to such double-side polishing is subjected to a heat treatment at a high temperature for the purpose of reducing the growth-in defects as described above, for example, the wafer is subjected to a heat treatment. Since the silicon wafer is held by the jig of the apparatus, contact marks (reverse scratches) between the wafer and the jig are formed on the back surface of the silicon wafer. Such contact marks on the backside of the wafer cause a defocusing defect in an exposure process at the time of fabricating a device that is not desirable in appearance.
- the heat treatment as described above is usually performed on mirror-finished wafers.
- silicon atoms on the wafer surface are rearranged.
- small steps such as steps and terraces were formed, and haze was generated on the surface of the wafer after the heat treatment, and the surface condition was worse than that of the mirror surface before the heat treatment.
- If foreign matter adheres to the wafer surface before heat treatment The material is burned to the surface of the wafer by heat treatment, and cannot be removed even if the wafer is washed thereafter, which is a factor that causes a decrease in yield when forming a device that is not only unfavorable in appearance. It was one.
- a method for manufacturing a semiconductor substrate comprising a step of performing a heat treatment using a semiconductor substrate and a step of removing a predetermined amount of the back surface of the semiconductor substrate subjected to the heat treatment.
- an existing etching apparatus or polishing apparatus is used to remove a small amount of the back surface of the semiconductor substrate after the heat treatment, thereby removing the semiconductor substrate caused by the substrate holding jig. According to the company, the removal of particles and scratches on the back surface will reduce the occurrence of defective semiconductor substrates and defective devices.
- a method for manufacturing a silicon wafer having a heat treatment step of heating at a temperature of 1 to 24 hours, and a polishing step of polishing one or both surfaces of the wafer after this heat treatment to a mirror surface by a chemical mechanical polishing method.
- the wafer is polished on one side with a thickness of 5 to 15 ⁇ m in the polishing step after the heat treatment step, so that boron is removed in the heat treatment step, resulting in a low boron concentration.
- the concentration of boron in the vicinity of the new surface layer after polishing can be kept constant, and furthermore, the haze caused by minute steps generated in the heat treatment step can be removed. Further, in the case of double-side polishing after the heat treatment step, it is assumed that traces of contact with the support tool can be completely removed, and that deposits adhered to the surface of the wafer can also be removed.
- the mirror-polished surface of the heat-treated silicon wafer was polished with a polishing amount of 5 to 15 ⁇ m on one side.
- the DZ layer (defect-free layer) on the surface formed by the heat treatment may be completely scraped off, and COP does not exist on the surface layer of the manufactured silicon wafer.
- the free region could not be sufficiently secured and the oxide film of the wafer deteriorated in withstand voltage characteristics and device characteristics. Disclosure of the invention
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to ensure that a COP-free region and an oxygen precipitate-free region are sufficiently ensured, and that the haze It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a silicon wafer, which is capable of producing a high-quality silicon wafer having no burn-in or foreign matter and no trace of contact with a jig on the back surface of the wafer.
- a method for producing a silicon wafer from a silicon single crystal wherein the wafer cut from the silicon single crystal has at least both sides of the wafer.
- a silicon wafer characterized by performing a double-side polishing step of mirror-polishing the wafer, a heat treatment step of heat-treating the mirror-polished wafer, and a re-polishing step of polishing again the surface or both sides of the heat-treated wafer.
- a manufacturing method is provided.
- the silicon wafer is manufactured by performing at least a double-side polishing step, a heat treatment step, and a re-polishing step of polishing the surface or both sides of the wafer again on the wafer thus cut out of the silicon single crystal force.
- the flatness of the wafer can be improved in the double-side polishing process, and then, in the re-polishing process, The generated haze and seizure of foreign matter can be removed, and contact marks with the jig formed on the back surface of the wafer can be easily removed.
- the double-side polishing step is performed before the heat treatment step as described above, even if the polishing amount in the re-polishing step is reduced, the surface of the wafer can be easily mirror-finished again.
- a defect-free layer such as a COP-free region or an oxygen precipitate-free region formed in the surface layer of the wafer during the heat treatment process can be sufficiently secured without being lost in the re-polishing process.
- the concentration of nitrogen to be doped into the silicon single crystal is set to 1 ⁇ 10 13 to 1 ⁇ 10 15 atoms / cm 3. Is preferred.
- the mirror-polished wafer is heat-treated in an Ar atmosphere at a temperature of 1100 ° C. to 1300 ° C. for 30 minutes to 24 hours.
- the mirror-polished wafer is heat-treated in an Ar atmosphere, so that, for example, when silicon wafer is doped with boron, it is possible to prevent the evaporation of boron during the heat treatment. Therefore, boron loss does not occur in the wafer, and it is not necessary to consider the boron loss when determining the polishing amount in the subsequent repolishing process.
- the silicon wafer after polishing can be used.
- the boron concentration in the vicinity of the surface layer can be made constant.
- a COP-free region of, for example, about 5 m or more is formed on the surface layer of the silicon wafer.
- the oxygen precipitate free region can be stably and efficiently formed.
- the polishing amount of the wafer in the re-polishing step be 1.5 nm or more and 4 m or less on one surface.
- the polishing amount of the wafer in the repolishing step By setting the polishing amount of the wafer in the repolishing step to 1.5 nm or more on one surface, the surface or both surfaces of the wafer after the heat treatment can be surely mirror-finished.
- the haze generated on the wafer surface is about 1.5 nm in PV value, so that the polishing amount of the wafer on one surface is 1.5 nm or more. By doing so, the haze can be surely removed, and foreign matter sticking to the surface of the heat treatment step can be easily removed.
- the polishing amount on one side should be 300 nm. It is more preferable to make the above.
- the polishing amount of the wafer by setting the polishing amount of the wafer to 4 ⁇ m or less on one surface, and further to 3 ⁇ m or less, COP-free regions and oxygen formed on the silicon wafer in the heat treatment step are removed. It is possible to stably secure a precipitate-free region. For example, if a COP-free region or an oxygen precipitate-free region of about 5 ⁇ m or more is formed in the heat treatment step as described above, the polishing amount of the wafer in the re-polishing step is 4 m or less on one surface. By doing so, a COP-free region and an oxygen precipitate-free region of at least about 1 m can be reliably secured in the silicon wafer after the re-polishing step.
- the silicon wafer to be manufactured can have a diameter of 300 mm or more.
- the method of manufacturing a silicon wafer of the present invention is intended for manufacturing large-diameter silicon wafers having a diameter of 300 mm or more.
- the COP-free region or the acid A high-quality wafer with high flatness by ensuring a sufficient free area of elemental precipitates, removing haze and seizure of foreign matter on the surface of the wafer, and removing contact marks with jigs formed on the back of the wafer. Can be manufactured.
- the silicon wafer manufactured according to the present invention has a sufficient COP-free region and a free region of oxygen precipitates, and has no haze or seizure of foreign matter on the surface of the wafer, and is further cured on the back surface of the wafer. It is possible to obtain a high-quality wafer having a high flatness without any contact marks with the tool, and further, it is possible to provide a wafer having a similar distribution of grown-in defects in the surface of the wafer.
- the flatness of the wafer can be improved in the double-side polishing step performed before the heat treatment step.
- the haze on the wafer surface and the seizure of foreign substances, and the trace of contact with the jig on the back of the wafer are removed with a small amount of polishing, making the wafer surface easily mirror-finished.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an example of a method for manufacturing a silicon wafer of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing one example of a four-way type double-side polishing apparatus.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view showing a planetary gear structure.
- the polishing amount on one side of the wafer needs to be 5 m or more.
- polishing was performed with a polishing amount of 5 ⁇ m or more after the heat treatment step. It was found that the COP-free region and the oxygen precipitate-free region formed on the wafer surface by the heat treatment could be removed by the polishing.
- the COP-free region formed on the surface layer of the wafer during the heat treatment process has a surface force of about 5 ⁇ m at most and cannot be obtained. For this reason, if polishing is performed with a polishing amount of about 5 to 15 m as in JP-A-2003-257981 after the heat treatment step, the finally obtained COP-free region of silicon wafer is also polished. It turns out that there is a force that can not secure enough depth and it may be completely removed
- the present inventor can easily remove the haze or foreign matter generated on the surface of the wafer, and the contact mark with the jig formed on the back surface of the wafer, and finally the surface layer of the wafer can be finally removed.
- Extensive experiments and investigations were conducted on a silicon wafer manufacturing method that can sufficiently secure the formed COP-free region and oxygen precipitate-free region.
- the number ⁇ ! It is clear that polishing with a polishing amount of about 300 nm is sufficient.On the other hand, with this polishing amount, the wafer surface cannot be sufficiently mirror-finished.
- the present inventor has performed a mirror polishing in advance before performing the heat treatment process on the silicon wafer to improve the flatness of the wafer and to make both surfaces of the wafer mirror-finished. Then, it is considered necessary to polish both sides or the surface of the wafer again after the heat treatment step, thereby making it possible to reduce the amount of polishing to be performed after the heat treatment step. As a result, the silicon wafer is finally finished.
- the formed COP-free region and oxygen precipitate-free region can be sufficiently ensured.Furthermore, ⁇ ⁇ Haze generated on the surface of the wafer and seizure of foreign substances ⁇ ⁇ Contact marks with the jig formed on the back of the wafer can be easily removed. (4) The inventors have found that the surface of the wafer or both surfaces can be mirror-finished, and completed the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an example of the method for manufacturing a silicon wafer according to the present invention.
- a silicon single crystal is grown by the CZ method in a single crystal growing step (step A), and the grown silicon single crystal is sliced in a slicing step (step B).
- the chamfering step of chamfering the outer periphery of the wafer step C
- mechanically processing the wafer Lapping step to improve flatness Step D
- etching step to etch wafer to remove wafer processing distortion and contaminants Step E
- cleaning step to clean etched wafer Step E
- a nitrogen-doped silicon single crystal can be performed, for example, using a single crystal pulling apparatus generally used conventionally. More specifically, first, a raw material polycrystalline silicon is charged into a quartz crucible installed in a single crystal pulling apparatus, and a predetermined amount of silicon nitride with a nitride film is charged therein. Then, the raw material in the quartz crucible is heated by a heater to form a raw material melt, the seed crystal held in the seed holder above the quartz crucible is immersed in the raw material melt, and then the seed crystal is rotated.
- a silicon single crystal doped with nitrogen By pulling it gently, a silicon single crystal doped with nitrogen can be grown.
- nitrogen By doping nitrogen into a silicon single crystal as described above, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a growth-in defect during single crystal growth and to form oxygen precipitation nuclei at a high density in the silicon single crystal. Can be. Therefore, after slicing the wafer from the nitrogen-doped single crystal and performing a heat treatment in a heat treatment step (step H) described below, defects existing in the surface layer of the wafer can be efficiently eliminated. Therefore, the COP-free region and the oxygen precipitate-free region can be easily formed to a deeper position in the wafer surface layer portion, and the oxygen precipitates can be formed at a high density in the eehbartar portion. In addition, it is possible to stably manufacture a silicon wafer having excellent gettering ability.
- the concentration of nitrogen doped into the silicon single crystal be 1 ⁇ 10 13 atoms Zcm 3 or more, so that in the subsequent heat treatment step, the COP-free region and the oxygen precipitate-free The region can be formed stably so that the depth is, for example, 5 ⁇ m or more.
- the concentration of nitrogen doped in a silicon single crystal is preferably made to be l X 10 15 atomsZcm 3 below. It is more preferable that the concentration of nitrogen in the single crystal be 5 ⁇ 10 14 atoms / cm 3 or less, because the distribution of the grown-in defects in the plane can be made more uniform.
- the silicon wafer subjected to the above-described cleaning step is subjected to a double-side polishing step of polishing both sides of the wafer (step G in FIG. 1).
- the method of performing double-side polishing on the silicon wafer is not particularly limited.
- a so-called 4-way double-side polishing apparatus 50 having a planetary gear mechanism as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 may be used.
- double-side polishing can be performed on silicon wafer W.
- the wafer W is inserted and held in a plurality of wafer holding holes 58 formed in the carrier 51.
- the wafer W in the holding hole is sandwiched between the upper surface plate 56a and the lower surface plate 56b to which the polishing cloths 57a and 57b are attached, respectively, and the polishing slurry is supplied through the slurry supply hole 53, and the carrier 51 is interposed with the sun gear 54. Revolve around the null gear 55. Thereby, both surfaces of the wafer W in each holding hole can be polished simultaneously.
- a double-side polishing method that simultaneously polishes both surfaces of a wafer is effective for large-diameter silicon wafers having a diameter of 300 mm or more, and performs double-side polishing for such large-diameter silicon wafers having a diameter of 300 mm or more. This makes it possible to stably obtain a large-diameter mirror-polished wafer having excellent flatness up to the vicinity of the periphery of the wafer.
- a heat treatment step of heat-treating the mirror-polished silicon wafer is performed (step H in FIG. 1).
- BH is a substance that has a high vapor pressure and is easy to evaporate
- the heat treatment temperature in the heat treatment step is set to 1100 ° C or more, crystal defects in the wafer surface layer are very effectively eliminated, and the COP free region and the oxygen precipitate free region are efficiently formed.
- the heat treatment temperature exceeds 1300 ° C, problems such as deformation of the wafer and metal contamination may occur.
- the temperature is not less than ° C and not more than 1300 ° C. Further, by setting the heat treatment time to 30 minutes or more, for example, crystal defects existing in a region 5 m or more from the wafer surface are eliminated, and a COP-free region is formed in the surface layer of the wafer 5 mm or more. A precipitate-free region can be formed stably for about 20 m or more. On the other hand, if the heat treatment is performed for more than 24 hours, the deformation of the wafer due to the effect of oxygen precipitation is likely to occur, and the heat treatment time will be prolonged, increasing the burden on costs and not being economical. Is preferably within 24 hours.
- a re-polishing step of re-polishing the surface or both sides of the heat-treated wafer is performed (step 1 in FIG. 1).
- the silicon wafer is mirror-polished on both sides in advance before the heat treatment step and the flatness is improved, the amount of polishing in the re-polishing step can be reduced, and the surface of the heat-treated wafer is also reduced. Or, if both surfaces are small, and mirror polishing is performed again with the amount of polishing, even if haze or foreign matter generated on the surface of the wafer in the above heat treatment step or contact marks formed on the back surface of the wafer occur, Since these can be easily removed, the surface of the wafer can be mirror-finished.
- the polishing amount in the re-polishing step can be reduced in this way, the COP-free region and the oxygen precipitate-free region formed on the surface layer of the wafer in the heat treatment step can be sufficiently eliminated without being eliminated by polishing. Can be secured.
- the polishing amount of the wafer in the re-polishing step be 1.5 nm or more and 4 / zm or less on one surface.
- the polishing amount of the wafer in the re-polishing step is set to 1.5 nm or more on one side, whereby the surface or both sides of the wafer can be surely mirror-finished.
- the haze generated on the wafer surface is usually about 1.5 nm in PV value, so that the polishing amount on one surface is 1.5 nm or more.
- the contact mark with the jig formed on the back surface of the wafer during the heat treatment process is often about 300 nm, when polishing both sides before the re-polishing step, the polishing amount of the wafer is reduced to one side. By setting the surface to be 300 nm or more, contact marks formed on the back surface of the wafer can be reliably removed.
- the polishing amount of the wafer in the re-polishing step is reduced by one side.
- the thickness is at least 1 ⁇ m or more, and further 2 ⁇ m or more. Can be ensured.
- a silicon wafer as described above By manufacturing a silicon wafer as described above, a COP-free region and an oxygen precipitate-free region are sufficiently ensured, and the wafer surface is free from haze and seizure of foreign matter.
- a high-quality mirror-polished wafer with high flatness and no trace of contact with the jig on the back surface can be stably manufactured.
- the silicon wafer of the present invention can be doped with nitrogen at a predetermined concentration, the silicon wafer can have a uniform distribution of grown-in defects in the plane of the wafer.
- the production method of the present invention is very effective for producing a large-diameter silicon wafer having a diameter of 300 mm or more, and according to the present invention, the COP-free region and the oxygen precipitate A sufficient free area is secured, and high-quality large-diameter silicon wafers with even higher flatness without haze, seizure of foreign matter, and contact marks with jigs can be manufactured stably. .
- a silicon single crystal having a diameter of 300 mm and a nitrogen concentration of 5 ⁇ 10 13 at omsZcm 3 is grown by the CZ method, and the grown silicon single crystal is subjected to a slicing step (step B).
- a wire saw for slicing several ewas were produced. Among them, three wafers adjacent to each other were selected, and the three wafers were sequentially subjected to a chamfering step, a lapping step, an etching step, and a cleaning step (steps C to F).
- step G the three silicon wafers thus obtained were subjected to a double-side polishing step (step G) using the double-side polishing apparatus 50 shown in FIG. 2, and then the three mirror-polished silicon wafers were subjected to vertical molding. It was set in a heat treatment furnace and heat-treated at 1200 ° C for 1 hour in an Ar atmosphere (Step H).
- the COP on the surface of the wafer was measured using a particle counter SP-1 (KLA-manufactured by Tencor).
- the surface of the wafer a was polished by 1 ⁇ m, and the COP of the wafer surface after the polishing was measured again.
- Such COP measurement was repeated until the total polishing amount of ⁇ and a was 10 / z m, and the depth distribution of COP in the range from the surface of ⁇ to 10 m was obtained.
- the difference in the wafer thickness before and after the polishing measured by the capacitance type non-contact thickness meter CL 250 (manufactured by Ono Sokki Co., Ltd.) was also estimated for the polishing amount of the wafer.
- a wafer b another one of the three wafers prepared above (a wafer b) was subjected to an oxygen precipitation heat treatment at 800 ° C for 4 hours + 1000 ° C for 16 hours.
- the oxygen precipitation characteristics in the wafer surface were evaluated by X-ray topography.
- the wafer b was polished and etched obliquely to determine the BMD density and the depth of the oxygen precipitate free region.
- the remaining one of the three wafers prepared above (the wafer c) was re-polished so that the polishing amount of the wafer surface was 4 m and the polishing amount of the wafer back surface was 500 nm.
- the process was performed (Process I).
- the measurement results obtained by measuring the COP depth distribution of ⁇ eno, a are shown in Table 1 below.
- Table 1 the number of COPs of ⁇ Eno ⁇ a is less than 10 in the region from the surface of ⁇ E to 5 m, but the number of COPs increases rapidly when the depth of ⁇ Ea surface force exceeds 5 m. did. From these results, it was estimated that the COP-free region formed on the silicon wafer subjected to the heat treatment process of Example 1 was within a range of 5 m from the surface of the wafer.
- the BMD density at the center of the wafer obtained by performing the oblique polishing and etching is 5.4 ⁇ 10 5 / cm 2 (in terms of volume density, 5.4 ⁇ 10 9 / cm 3 ), and (4) The depth of the BMD-free region formed on the surface of the wafer was found to be 24 ⁇ m.
- the silicon ⁇ eno, c produced in Example 1 shows that the device active area of defect free for both COP and BMD is secured at the surface layer of ⁇ a: It is possible to confirm that a region with excellent gettering ability where oxygen precipitates are formed at a high density in the Habarta part is secured, and that the wafer can be supplied to a wafer suitable for device fabrication. all right.
- step A When growing a silicon single crystal by the CZ method in the single crystal growing step (step A), the same procedure as in Example 1 was repeated except that the concentration of nitrogen to be doped was set to 2 ⁇ 10 15 atoms Zcm 3 .
- step H After the silicon wafer is subjected to the heat treatment step (step H), the COP depth distribution, the BMD characteristics, and the final product of the silicon wafer are used in the same manner as in Example 1 using these three silicon wafers. The surface condition of both front and back surfaces was evaluated.
- the COP-free region in the wafer subjected to the heat treatment process of Example 2 was within 15 ⁇ m from the surface of the wafer, the COP-free region of the silicon wafer as the final product was ll / zm. It was found that it was wider than in Example 1. Also, the haze on the surface of the silicon wafer, which is the final product, is about the same as the mirror surface of the wafer, and on the back surface of the wafer, the contact mark with the jig of the heat treatment equipment is completely removed and becomes a mirror surface! I was able to confirm that.
- the BMD density at the center of the wafer was about 2.4xl0 1G Zcm 3 and the BMD free area was 20 m ( in Ueha periphery result force was also found to have less oxygen analysis unloading of the final product in 16 m) and a force X-ray topography 2. is about 8xl0 7 Zcm 3, there is a slight bias in the defect distribution Ueha plane It was confirmed that. This is probably because the concentration of nitrogen doped in the single crystal was slightly higher.
- a slicing step (Step B) is performed, and then two adjacent wafers are selected. Then, a chamfering step, a lapping step, an etching step, and a cleaning step (steps C to F) were sequentially performed on these two wafers. Next, the obtained two silicon wafers were set in a vertical heat treatment furnace without polishing, and subjected to a heat treatment at 1200 ° C for 1 hour in an Ar atmosphere. Mirror polishing of ⁇ m was performed on both sides of the wafer.
- one of the two wafers obtained was subjected to an oxygen precipitation heat treatment at 800 ° C. for 4 hours + 1000 ° C. for 16 hours. Then, the BMD density and the depth of the oxygen precipitate free region were obtained.
- the remaining wafer was evaluated by measuring the surface condition of the front and back surfaces of the wafer by measuring with a particle counter SP-1, and the COP of the silicon wafer was measured within 10 m from the wafer surface.
- the depth distribution was measured in the same manner as in Example 1 above.
- the silicon wafer (mirror-polished wafer) manufactured in Comparative Example 1 had a uniform BMD density in the wafer surface and a BMD density in the center of the wafer of 5.4 ⁇ 1. It was found that the size of o cm 3 and BMD free area was 19 m.
- the silicon wafer of Comparative Example 1 had the same haze on the surface of the wafer as the mirror surface of the wafer, and the contact mark with the jig of the heat treatment apparatus was completely removed on the rear surface of the wafer to become a mirror surface. Was also confirmed.
- the silicon wafer of Comparative Example 1 did not have any COP-free region, and the surface condition of the wafer surface was at the level required by the user. It has not been reached yet, and it was proved that it was suitable for device fabrication.
- Comparative Example 1 two silicon wafers were produced in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the amount of mirror polishing performed after the heat treatment was 4 m per side.
- the BMD density and the depth of the oxygen precipitate-free region were determined in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 above, and for the other wafer, the remaining wafer was obtained.
- the depth distribution of COP in the range of 10 ⁇ m from the silicon wafer surface was measured.
- the silicon wafer fabricated in Comparative Example 2 (mirror-polished wafer) has a uniform BMD density in the wafer surface and a BMD density in the center of the wafer of 5.4 ⁇ 1.
- the size of the BMD-free region is 20 mu m, further COP-free region was found to be ensured 1 mu m. Furthermore, with respect to the silicon wafer of Comparative Example 2, it was confirmed that the haze on the surface of the wafer was almost the same as that of the mirror-finished wafer, and that the contact mark with the jig of the heat treatment apparatus was completely removed on the back of the wafer. When the surface condition of the wafer surface was measured, it did not reach the level required by the user, and it was found that the wafer was suitable for device fabrication.
- the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.
- the above embodiment is a mere example, and any one having substantially the same configuration as the technical idea described in the claims of the present invention and having the same function and effect will be described. Are also included in the technical scope of the present invention.
- the force described with reference to the case where a silicon wafer having a diameter of 300 mm is manufactured is not limited to this.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the diameter may be 100 to 400 mm or more.
- the same can be applied to the production of a silicon wafer.
- the case where the wafer is heat-treated using a vertical furnace is taken as an example, but it goes without saying that the present invention can be similarly applied to the case where a horizontal furnace is used.
- the description is made for the case of manufacturing a silicon wafer doped with nitrogen.
- the present invention can be similarly applied to the case of manufacturing a silicon wafer without doping nitrogen.
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Abstract
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US11/597,512 US20070295265A1 (en) | 2004-06-15 | 2005-06-03 | Method for Producing Silicon Wafer and Silicon Wafer |
EP05745693.1A EP1758154B1 (en) | 2004-06-15 | 2005-06-03 | Method for producing silicon wafer |
KR1020067026331A KR101155029B1 (ko) | 2004-06-15 | 2005-06-03 | 실리콘웨이퍼의 제조방법 및 실리콘웨이퍼 |
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JP2004176784A JP4854936B2 (ja) | 2004-06-15 | 2004-06-15 | シリコンウエーハの製造方法及びシリコンウエーハ |
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EP (1) | EP1758154B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4854936B2 (ja) |
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JP5211550B2 (ja) * | 2007-05-25 | 2013-06-12 | 株式会社Sumco | シリコン単結晶ウェーハの製造方法 |
JP5275585B2 (ja) | 2007-06-18 | 2013-08-28 | Sumco Techxiv株式会社 | エピタキシャルシリコンウェハの製造方法 |
JP5584959B2 (ja) * | 2008-05-07 | 2014-09-10 | 株式会社Sumco | シリコンウェーハの製造方法 |
JP2010040876A (ja) * | 2008-08-06 | 2010-02-18 | Sumco Corp | 半導体ウェーハの製造方法 |
JP5515253B2 (ja) * | 2008-08-07 | 2014-06-11 | 株式会社Sumco | 半導体ウェーハの製造方法 |
WO2010016586A1 (ja) | 2008-08-08 | 2010-02-11 | Sumco Techxiv株式会社 | 半導体ウェーハの製造方法 |
JP5515270B2 (ja) * | 2008-10-20 | 2014-06-11 | 株式会社Sumco | シリコンウェーハの熱処理方法及び熱処理装置、並びに、シリコンウェーハ |
JP5381304B2 (ja) * | 2009-05-08 | 2014-01-08 | 株式会社Sumco | シリコンエピタキシャルウェーハの製造方法 |
US8999864B2 (en) | 2009-06-03 | 2015-04-07 | Global Wafers Japan Co., Ltd. | Silicon wafer and method for heat-treating silicon wafer |
DE102011083041B4 (de) * | 2010-10-20 | 2018-06-07 | Siltronic Ag | Stützring zum Abstützen einer Halbleiterscheibe aus einkristallinem Silizium während einer Wärmebehandlung und Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung einer solchen Halbleiterscheibe unter Verwendung eines solchen Stützrings |
JP5912368B2 (ja) * | 2011-03-22 | 2016-04-27 | グローバルウェーハズ・ジャパン株式会社 | シリコンウェーハの熱処理方法及びシリコンウェーハ |
JP5682471B2 (ja) * | 2011-06-20 | 2015-03-11 | 信越半導体株式会社 | シリコンウェーハの製造方法 |
JP2013048137A (ja) * | 2011-08-29 | 2013-03-07 | Covalent Silicon Co Ltd | シリコンウェーハの製造方法 |
US9075188B2 (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2015-07-07 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Method of making lightweight, single crystal mirror |
US9315917B2 (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2016-04-19 | Solar World Industries America Inc. | Apparatus and method for the production of ingots |
CN103231302B (zh) * | 2013-04-12 | 2015-04-29 | 同济大学 | 一种获取超光滑表面低亚表面损伤晶体的方法 |
JP6047456B2 (ja) * | 2013-07-16 | 2016-12-21 | 信越半導体株式会社 | 拡散ウェーハの製造方法 |
JP6863251B2 (ja) * | 2017-12-04 | 2021-04-21 | 信越半導体株式会社 | シリコンウェーハの加工方法 |
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2005
- 2005-06-03 EP EP05745693.1A patent/EP1758154B1/en active Active
- 2005-06-03 US US11/597,512 patent/US20070295265A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-06-03 KR KR1020067026331A patent/KR101155029B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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EP1758154B1 (en) | 2016-04-20 |
KR101155029B1 (ko) | 2012-06-12 |
EP1758154A4 (en) | 2009-10-28 |
KR20070023734A (ko) | 2007-02-28 |
JP2006004983A (ja) | 2006-01-05 |
US20070295265A1 (en) | 2007-12-27 |
JP4854936B2 (ja) | 2012-01-18 |
EP1758154A1 (en) | 2007-02-28 |
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