WO2005113183A1 - 切断機及び切断ヘッドの移動方法 - Google Patents
切断機及び切断ヘッドの移動方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005113183A1 WO2005113183A1 PCT/JP2005/009234 JP2005009234W WO2005113183A1 WO 2005113183 A1 WO2005113183 A1 WO 2005113183A1 JP 2005009234 W JP2005009234 W JP 2005009234W WO 2005113183 A1 WO2005113183 A1 WO 2005113183A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cutting
- moving
- axis direction
- cutting head
- head
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16P—SAFETY DEVICES IN GENERAL; SAFETY DEVICES FOR PRESSES
- F16P3/00—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body
- F16P3/12—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body with means, e.g. feelers, which in case of the presence of a body part of a person in or near the danger zone influence the control or operation of the machine
- F16P3/14—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body with means, e.g. feelers, which in case of the presence of a body part of a person in or near the danger zone influence the control or operation of the machine the means being photocells or other devices sensitive without mechanical contact
- F16P3/147—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body with means, e.g. feelers, which in case of the presence of a body part of a person in or near the danger zone influence the control or operation of the machine the means being photocells or other devices sensitive without mechanical contact using electro-magnetic technology, e.g. tags or radar
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K10/00—Welding or cutting by means of a plasma
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K10/00—Welding or cutting by means of a plasma
- B23K10/006—Control circuits therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/03—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/0869—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction
- B23K26/0876—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction in at least two axial directions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
- B23K26/142—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor for the removal of by-products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/006—Safety devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/02—Carriages for supporting the welding or cutting element
- B23K37/0288—Carriages forming part of a cutting unit
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K7/00—Cutting, scarfing, or desurfacing by applying flames
- B23K7/002—Machines, apparatus, or equipment for cutting plane workpieces, e.g. plates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K7/00—Cutting, scarfing, or desurfacing by applying flames
- B23K7/10—Auxiliary devices, e.g. for guiding or supporting the torch
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q15/00—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
- B23Q15/007—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work while the tool acts upon the workpiece
- B23Q15/08—Control or regulation of cutting velocity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
- B23Q5/22—Feeding members carrying tools or work
- B23Q5/28—Electric drives
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16P—SAFETY DEVICES IN GENERAL; SAFETY DEVICES FOR PRESSES
- F16P3/00—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body
- F16P3/12—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body with means, e.g. feelers, which in case of the presence of a body part of a person in or near the danger zone influence the control or operation of the machine
- F16P3/14—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body with means, e.g. feelers, which in case of the presence of a body part of a person in or near the danger zone influence the control or operation of the machine the means being photocells or other devices sensitive without mechanical contact
- F16P3/141—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body with means, e.g. feelers, which in case of the presence of a body part of a person in or near the danger zone influence the control or operation of the machine the means being photocells or other devices sensitive without mechanical contact using sound propagation, e.g. sonar
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16P—SAFETY DEVICES IN GENERAL; SAFETY DEVICES FOR PRESSES
- F16P3/00—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body
- F16P3/12—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body with means, e.g. feelers, which in case of the presence of a body part of a person in or near the danger zone influence the control or operation of the machine
- F16P3/14—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body with means, e.g. feelers, which in case of the presence of a body part of a person in or near the danger zone influence the control or operation of the machine the means being photocells or other devices sensitive without mechanical contact
- F16P3/144—Safety devices acting in conjunction with the control or operation of a machine; Control arrangements requiring the simultaneous use of two or more parts of the body with means, e.g. feelers, which in case of the presence of a body part of a person in or near the danger zone influence the control or operation of the machine the means being photocells or other devices sensitive without mechanical contact using light grids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/18—Sheet panels
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/43—Speed, acceleration, deceleration control ADC
- G05B2219/43124—Adapt speed as function of material, thickness, depth, volume, width, uniform surface quality
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/45—Nc applications
- G05B2219/45044—Cutting
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/49—Nc machine tool, till multiple
- G05B2219/49074—Control cutting speed
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T83/00—Cutting
- Y10T83/04—Processes
- Y10T83/05—With reorientation of tool between cuts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T83/00—Cutting
- Y10T83/081—With randomly actuated stopping means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T83/00—Cutting
- Y10T83/869—Means to drive or to guide tool
- Y10T83/8726—Single tool with plural selective driving means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cutting machine that cuts a plate material placed on a table using a cutting head that moves along the surface of the plate material, and cuts out a product of a desired shape.
- the present invention relates to a technique for controlling the moving speed of a cutting head to improve one put.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a moving mechanism improved so as to reduce the weight of a mechanism for moving a laser torch or a plasma torch in order to facilitate processing speed control and increase processing accuracy.
- Patent Document 2 a plurality of exhaust chambers are provided in a table, each exhaust chamber is connected to a dust collector through an exhaust port with a damper, and a damper that is opened as the cutting head moves is shifted. It has been disclosed to efficiently discharge fumes that come into the table when cutting.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-108395
- Patent Document 2 JP 2003-136247 A
- an object of the present invention is to improve the throughput of the cutting machine while suppressing the cost increase of the cutting machine as much as possible.
- a cutting machine includes a head moving device that moves a cutting head in the X-axis and Y-axis directions of an orthogonal XY coordinate system with respect to a plate material, and a controller that controls the head moving device.
- the head moving device When the cutting head is moved without cutting the plate material, the head moving device is controlled so that the moving speed in the Y-axis direction is higher than the moving speed in the X-axis direction.
- the head moving device when the cutting head is moved without cutting the plate material, the head moving device is arranged so that the moving speed force in the Y-axis direction is higher than the moving speed in the 3 ⁇ 4-axis direction. Operate. This improves the throughput.
- the X axis and Y axis are preferably along the long side and the short side of the rectangular work area on which the plate material is placed.
- the weight of the portion moving in the Y-axis direction of the head moving device is preferably lighter than the weight of the portion moving in the X-axis direction.
- the controller when the controller sequentially cuts a plurality of products from the plate material on the work area, the controller performs the cutting to the cutting start position of each product or from the cutting end position of each product.
- the moving speed when the cutting head is moved without control is controlled so as to be faster than the moving speed of the cutting head when cutting each product.
- Nesting force that forms a meandering pattern is preferred because it uses the plate material without waste and facilitates product removal.
- the movement distance in the short side direction is large in the total movement distance of the cutting head. In this case, increasing the moving speed in the short side direction faster than the moving speed in the long side direction has a great effect of improving the throughput.
- the controller controls the moving speed of the cutting head according to the thickness and material of the plate material, while moving the cutting head without performing cutting.
- the moving speed is controlled without depending on the thickness and material of the plate material.
- the moving speed at the time of cutting is set according to the cutting conditions such as the thickness and material of the plate, but the moving speed at the time of not cutting depends on the thickness and material of the plate.
- the maximum speed in the Y-axis direction and the maximum speed in the X-axis direction of the head cutting device can be set regardless of the cutting conditions. This increases the throughput improvement effect.
- the head moving device is attached to the X-axis moving device so as to move in the X-axis direction together with the X-axis moving device that moves in the X-axis direction.
- a Y-axis track that extends in the Y-axis direction, and a Y-axis moving device that is mounted on the Y-axis track so as to move in the Y-axis direction and that mounts the cutting head.
- the weight of the portion moving in the Y-axis direction (that is, the cutting head and the Y-axis moving device) is the same as the portion moving in the X-axis direction (that is, the cutting head and the cutting head). It is lighter than the Y-axis movement device, Y-axis trajectory, and X-axis movement device. Therefore, according to the principle of the present invention, by making the moving speed in the Y-axis direction higher than the moving speed in the X-axis direction, the throughput can be improved without increasing the cost.
- a plurality of exhaust chambers arranged in the X-axis direction below the work area inside the table, and one or more exhausted from the plurality of exhaust chambers
- an exhaust chamber selecting device for selecting the exhaust chamber.
- Means are further provided for controlling the exhaust chamber selection device such that the chamber transitions.
- the exhaust chamber to be exhausted can be selected even if the principle of the present invention of making the moving speed in the Y-axis direction faster than the moving speed in the X-axis direction is applied.
- the frequency of switching is not significantly increased. Therefore, by applying the principle of the present invention, the throughput can be improved without a large cost increase.
- a human body sensor for detecting a person existing within a predetermined spatial range with respect to the cutting head is further provided.
- the controller controls the head moving device to stop the movement of the cutting head in response to detection by the human body sensor while moving the cutting head.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an overall configuration of a cutting machine 10 according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the internal structure of the table 12.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration and functions of the controller 40.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a flow of cutting control (control of driving and movement of the cutting head 24) performed by the controller 40.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a simple example of product nesting (arrangement of multiple products and cutting order) specified by the machining program 50.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a flow of fast-forward forced stop control using the human body sensor 25 performed by the controller 40.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the flow of dust collection control performed by the controller 40 and the exhaust control circuit 90.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the overall configuration of a cutting machine according to the present invention.
- the cutting machine 10 has a box-shaped table 12 installed on the floor.
- a work area 13 is provided on the upper surface of the table 12, and a plate material 14 as a material to be cut is placed on the work area 13.
- the planar size of the plate member 14 is a rectangular standard size such as 1.5 m ⁇ 3 m or 2.4 m ⁇ 6 m.
- the work area 13 of the table 12 also has a rectangular size that conforms to a specific standard size of the plate material, and the flat size of the table also has an exhaust duct and other additional parts described later around the work area 13. It becomes the size of a rectangle with the added.
- An XYZ orthogonal coordinate system is defined in terms of numerical calculation processing for controlling the cutting position of the plate member 14. This XYZ The X axis of the Cartesian coordinate system is parallel to the long side of the work area 13, the Y axis is parallel to the short side of the work area 13, and the Z axis is perpendicular to the plane of the work area 13.
- an X-axis track 16 is installed in parallel with the long side (X-axis) of the work area 13.
- a movable carriage 18 is installed on the X-axis track 16 and is movable along the X-axis track 16 in the Y-axis direction.
- a Y-axis track 20 is fixed to the movable carriage 18 and extends linearly in the direction of the short side (Y-axis) of the work area 13 above the work area 13.
- the Y-axis track 20 also moves in the X-axis direction.
- the Y-axis track 20 is a cantilever arm supported by the movable carriage 18 only at one end thereof, but this is merely an example, and a double-support arm supported at both ends may be used. .
- a carriage 22 is mounted on the Y-axis track 20 and is movable along the Y-axis track 20 in the Y-axis direction.
- a cutting head 24 is mounted on the carriage 22.
- the carriage 22 can move the cutting head 24 in the Z-axis direction.
- the cutting head 24 is, for example, a plasma torch in the case of a plasma cutting machine, a laser torch in the case of a laser cutting machine, a gas burner in the case of a gas cutting machine, and the above-mentioned different in the case of a combined cutting machine.
- a set of types of torches or panners The cutting head 24 is driven and controlled by a controller 40 described later.
- the above-described X-axis track 16, movable carriage 18, Y-axis track 20, and carriage 22 constitute a head moving device for moving the cutting head 24 in the ⁇ , ⁇ , and [axis directions.
- This head moving device can send the cutting head 24 to any position throughout the work area 13.
- the maximum speed that this head moving device can move the cutting head 24 in the axial direction is the maximum speed that can be moved in the X-axis direction (that is, the maximum moving speed of the moving carriage 18). ) Is faster.
- the weight of the head moving device that moves in the axial direction is the weight of the part that moves in the X-axis direction (that is, the X-axis track 16, the moving carriage 18, the vertical shaft track 20, Since the weight is significantly lighter than the weight of the carriage 22 and the cutting head 24), it is relatively easy to increase the maximum moving speed in the axial direction.
- This head moving device is driven and controlled by a controller 40 described later.
- a human body sensor 25 is also mounted on the carriage 20. This human body sensor 25 If there is a person above the work area 13 near the above-described head moving device, particularly the carriage 22 (cutting head 24) that can move at high speed (within a predetermined distance range), Is provided to detect.
- the human body sensor 25 is not limited to a human body, but is a device configured to detect that an object is present at a predetermined spatial position, for example, using a propagation wave such as infrared rays, light, radio waves, or sound waves.
- an infrared sensor an optical sensor, a light barrier, or a radar that detects an object in a non-contact manner, such as a tape switch or a damper switch that responds to physical contact with the object
- a non-contact manner such as a tape switch or a damper switch that responds to physical contact with the object
- the carriage 22 is controlled under the control of the controller 40 described below. The high speed movement of is stopped.
- the controller 40 drives and controls the cutting machine 10 in accordance with a driving instruction from a person and in accordance with a cache program.
- the function of the controller 40 will be described later.
- a plurality of intake fans 26 for sending wind to the internal space of the table 12 are attached to the side surface of the table 12 along the Y-axis direction.
- the internal space of the table 12 is connected to the dust collector 30 through the connection duct 28.
- the dust collector 30 sucks the air inside the table 12 when the plate material 14 is cut, and removes fumes contained therein.
- the intake fan 26 helps exhaust air from inside the table 12 to the dust collector 30.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the internal structure of the table 12.
- a plurality of exhaust chambers 34 A- 34 F are arranged side by side in the long side direction (X-axis direction) of the work area 13. ing.
- the exhaust chambers 34A to 34F are separated from each other by a partition plate.
- one end force of the work area 13 extends to the other end in the short side direction (Y-axis direction) of the work area 13.
- Each of the exhaust chambers 34A-34F has the above-described intake fans 26A-276F at one end and exhaust ports 36A-36F at the other end.
- Exhaust dampers (see Fig. 3) 96A-96F are provided at the exhaust ports 36A-36F, respectively.
- Exhaust Danno (See Fig. 3) By selectively opening one or more of the 96A-96F dampers, one or more exhaust chambers to be exhausted are selected from the exhaust chambers 34A-34F. Exhaust vents 36A-36F are connected to exhaust duct 38 in table 12 It leads. The exhaust duct 38 is connected to the intake port of the dust collector 30 through the connection duct 28.
- the intake fans 26A-276F and the exhaust dampers 36A-36F are driven and controlled by the controller 40.
- the controller 40 detects the position of the cutting head 24 in the X-axis direction (long side) and exhausts the exhaust chamber as the cutting head 24 moves in the X-axis direction (long side) direction according to the detected position.
- the exhaust damper (see Fig. 3) 96A-96F is controlled so that the exhaust chamber to be moved changes. As a result, it is possible to efficiently collect dust from the table 12 while keeping the load of the dust collector 30 small.
- the position of the cutting head 24 now corresponds to a certain exhaust chamber 34C, and the moving direction along the X axis of the cutting head 24 is also the left force in the figure.
- the exhaust chamber 34C corresponding to the position of the cutting head 24 is selected, the exhaust port 36C of the exhaust chamber 34C is opened, and the intake fan 26C of the exhaust chamber 34C is driven. .
- the exhaust chamber 34D next to the exhaust chamber 34C, where the cutting head 24 has already left is also a predetermined time after the cutting head 24 has left (the time when fumes are still thought to remain, for example, several seconds ),
- the exhaust damper of the exhaust port 36D is still opened, and the intake fan 26D is maintained in the driven state to continue exhausting.
- the exhaust chamber 34B next to the exhaust chamber 34C corresponding to the position of the cutting head 24 the cutting head 24 will move to the next, the exhaust damper of the exhaust port 36B is closed, but the intake air Fan 26D is driven.
- FIG. 3 shows the configuration and function of the controller 40.
- the controller 40 includes an arithmetic processing device 42, a storage device 44, an input device 46, and a display device 48.
- the arithmetic processing unit 42 performs various arithmetic processes for controlling the operation of each part of the cutting machine 10, and issues a control signal corresponding to the arithmetic result to each part.
- programs and data used by the arithmetic processing unit 42 for example, power! ] Program 50, cutting condition data 52, status data 54 and rapid feed speed data 56
- the input device 46 is used by a person to input various operation instructions including a machining start instruction, the above-described machining program 50, cutting condition data 52, status data 54, and the like to the controller 40.
- the display device 48 provides a graphical user interface for the controller 40.
- processing program 50 information on nesting of a plurality of products to be cut out of the plate material 14 force, that is, a processing procedure instructing what kind of product arrangement and what order of cutting are performed for these products. Is described.
- the cutting condition data 52 includes various usable cutting conditions, for example, various usable plate materials 14 thickness and material, and various usable cutting head 24 rated powers (for example, plasma torch). Data such as the rated plasma current value, nozzle diameter, and rated laser beam power value in the case of a laser torch) are described. A desired cutting condition can be selected from various cutting conditions in the cutting condition data 52 by an instruction from the input device 46.
- the status data 54 describes data of various cutting statuses respectively corresponding to various cutting conditions that can be used.
- the cutting status is various statuses controlled when performing cutting.
- the cutting speed moving speed of the cutting head 24 during cutting
- the driving status of the cutting head 24 in the case of a plasma torch
- the moving speed in the Y-axis direction and the moving speed in the X-axis direction when the cutting head 24 is moved to perform cutting are set.
- the movement speed in the Y-axis direction and the movement speed in the X-axis direction set here are faster than the Y-axis direction speed component and X-axis direction speed component of the cutting speed described in the status data 54 described above. Is the value of Therefore, in this specification, moving the cutting head 24 to perform cutting is referred to as “fast forward” in the sense that it is faster than the moving speed (cutting speed) at the time of cutting.
- the movement speed in the Y-axis direction and the movement speed in the X-axis direction are called “Y-axis rapid feed speed” and “X-axis rapid feed speed”, respectively.
- the axis rapid traverse rate is set to a value faster than the X axis rapid traverse rate.
- the axis rapid traverse speed is
- the X-axis fast-forward speed is set to the maximum movement speed of the moving carriage 18 described above.
- the arithmetic processing unit 42 reads the machining program 50, the cutting status data corresponding to the cutting condition selected in the status data 54, and the rapid feed speed data 56.
- the arithmetic processing unit 42 controls the drive and movement of the cutting head 24 so as to sequentially cut a plurality of products from the plate material 14 in accordance with the procedure instructed by the machining program 50. In this control process, when processing each product, the processing unit 42 moves the cutting head 24 at a cutting speed indicated by the read cutting status data, while starting the cutting of each product.
- the cutting head 24 When the cutting head 24 is fast-forwarded to the position or from the cutting end position of each product, the cutting head 24 is set to the Y-axis direction according to the Y-axis rapid feed speed and X-axis rapid feed speed set in the fast-feed speed data 56, respectively. Move in the X-axis direction.
- the processing unit 42 monitors the output signal of the human body sensor 25 while moving the cutting head 24, and immediately forces the movement of the cutting head 24 when the output signal indicates the presence of a person.
- This forced stop control may be applied to both movement during cutting and fast-forwarding during non-cutting, or may be applied only to fast-forwarding.
- the processing unit 42 drives the cutting head 24 in accordance with the driving status indicated by the read cutting status data. Further, in the above control process, the arithmetic processing unit 42 operates to collect dust (exhaust) from the exhaust chamber (see FIG. 2) 34A-34F in the table 12 according to the position of the cutting head 24 in the X-axis direction. To control.
- the arithmetic processing unit 42 outputs a speed command in the Y-axis direction and a speed command in the X-axis direction to the moving carriage 18 and the carriage 22, respectively.
- the X-axis servo amplifier 60 controls the rotational speed of the X-axis drive motor 62 in accordance with the speed command in the X-axis direction.
- An X-axis drive motor 64 drives an X-axis drive mechanism 64 (for example, a rack and pinion mechanism or a ball screw mechanism) to move the movable carriage 18 in the X-axis direction.
- An X-axis displacement sensor 66 detects the displacement of the moving carriage 18 in the X-axis direction.
- the arithmetic processing unit 42 feeds back the detection signal of the X-axis displacement sensor 66 to Based on this, the position of the cutting head 24 in the X-axis direction is calculated, and this is used for the position control calculation of the cutting head 24 in the X-axis direction.
- the Y-axis servo amplifier 70 controls the rotational speed of the Y-axis drive motor 72 in accordance with the speed command in the Y-axis direction.
- the Y-axis drive motor 72 drives a Y-axis drive mechanism 74 (for example, a rack and pion mechanism or a ball screw mechanism) to move the carriage 22 in the Y-axis direction.
- Y-axis displacement sensor 76 (for example, a rotary encoder coupled to a pion shaft or a ball screw mechanism) detects the displacement of the force carriage 22 in the Y-axis direction.
- the arithmetic processing unit 42 feeds back the detection signal of the Y-axis displacement sensor 76, and based on this, calculates the position of the cutting head 24 in the Y-axis direction, and calculates the position control calculation of the cutting head 24 in the Y-axis direction. Used for.
- the arithmetic processing unit 42 includes a head driving device 80 (for example, a plasma power supply device and a gas supply valve in the case of a plasma cutting machine, a laser cutting machine) Head output control command is output to the laser oscillation device.
- the head driving device 80 controls the output power of the cutting head 24 in accordance with the head output control command.
- the arithmetic processing unit 42 is arranged in the X-axis direction of the cutting head 24.
- a head position signal indicating the position is output to an exhaust control circuit 90 (which may be incorporated in the force controller 40 in the table 12 in the example of FIG. 3).
- the exhaust control circuit 90 selects an intake fan that should also drive the medium power of multiple intake fans 26A-26F, and exhaust to open from the multiple exhaust dampers 96A-96F Select a damper.
- the exhaust control circuit 90 controls the fan motors 92A-92F to rotate only the selected intake fan, and controls the damper drive mechanism 94A-94F (for example, a set of electromagnetic valves and air cylinders). Open only the selected exhaust damper.
- the damper drive mechanism 94A-94F for example, a set of electromagnetic valves and air cylinders. Open only the selected exhaust damper.
- FIG. 4 shows a flow of cutting control (control of driving and movement of the cutting head 24) performed by the controller 40.
- step S1 the processing unit 42 receives the cutting program 50, the cutting status data corresponding to the cutting condition selected in the status data 54, and the fast-forwarding speed data 56. Read.
- step S2 the arithmetic processing unit 42 is changed from the input unit 42. In response to the machining start instruction, execution of the machining program 50 is started.
- step S3 the cutting head 24 is fast-forwarded to the origin of the plate member 14 (for example, the upper left vertex of the plate member 14 shown in FIG. 1).
- the rapid traverse speed in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction are set in the rapid traverse speed data 56.
- the rapid traverse speed in the X-axis direction is the maximum travel speed Vx_max of the moving carriage 18, and the rapid traverse speed in the Y-axis direction is the carriage 22 Maximum moving speed is Vyjnax.
- the Y-axis direction rapid feed speed Vyjnax is faster than the X-axis direction rapid feed speed Vxjnax.
- step S4 it is checked whether the product cutting instruction is described in the machining program 50. If the product cutting instruction is described (YES in S4), the control of steps S5 and S7 is performed according to the product cutting instruction. Done.
- step S5 the cutting head 24 is rapidly fed to the cutting start position instructed by the product cutting instruction.
- the Y-axis rapid traverse rate Vyjnax is faster than the X-axis rapid traverse rate Vx—max.
- step S6 the cutting head 24 is driven, and from the cutting start position instructed by the product cutting instruction to the cutting end position, along the cutting line instructed by the product cutting instruction, the cutting head 24 is moved, thereby cutting one product.
- the moving speed Vx in the X-axis direction and the moving speed Vy in the Y-axis direction are indicated by the cutting speed corresponding to the selected cutting condition (Vx 2 + Vy 2 ).
- the cutting speed is controlled to be Vcutting.
- Cutting speed Vcutting varies depending on cutting conditions. For example, the cutting speed Vcutting becomes faster as the thickness of the plate 14 is thinner and the rated capacity of the cutting head 24 is larger.
- the above-mentioned fast-forwarding X-axis speed Vxjnax and Y-axis speed Vyjnax are faster than the X-axis speed component Vx and Y-axis speed component Vy of the cutting speed Vcutting, respectively.
- step S7 the driving of the cutting head 24 is stopped, and the cutting of the product is finished.
- step S4 the control returns to step S4 again to check whether there is a product cutting instruction for the next product.
- the control of steps S5—S7 is executed, and the product is cut.
- FIG. 5 shows a simple example of product nesting (arrangement and cutting order of a plurality of products on the plate material 14) specified by the machining program 50.
- nesting is a computer program that creates the machining program 50 so that the amount of scrap coming out of the plate material 14 is as small as possible, and the rapid traverse distance (the wasteful moving distance without cutting) is as short as possible.
- the cut-out order pattern illustrated in FIG. 5 first proceeds from one end to the other end in the Y-axis (short side) direction of the plate material 14 (from product P1 to P5) as indicated by the dotted arrow. (Column line), then U-turn and return to the Y-axis (short side) direction and return to the other end (column line up to product P6 force P10), and U-turn again to the Y-axis (short side) Proceeding from one end to the other in the direction (column line up to product P11 force P15), it is a meandering pattern.
- the reason why the cut-out order pattern as illustrated in FIG. 5 is generally preferred is, in part, at the stage where the cutting work has progressed to some extent (for example, when the product PI-P15 has been cut), While the cutting operation of the product continues, the person can go up to the table and take out the cut product, so that the whole processing work can be efficiently performed. Also, if the number of products is not large enough to use all of the plate material 14, the shape of the remaining plate material after cutting out the product becomes a rectangle with poor vertical and horizontal balance, so it is easy to handle the remaining plate material! It is also because there is.
- the ratio of the distance component in the Y direction to the entire fast-forward distance of the cutting head 24 is larger than the ratio of the component in the X-axis direction. Therefore, make the Y-axis rapid traverse speed Vyjnax faster than the X-axis rapid traverse speed Vxjnax. As a result, the working time can be greatly reduced. Further, not only in the example of FIG. 5, but also by adopting a cutting order pattern nesting that makes the ratio of the distance component in the Y direction occupying the entire rapid traverse distance larger than the ratio of the component in the X axis direction, The effect of improving throughput by the principle is great.
- FIG. 6 shows a flow of fast-forward forced stop control using the human body sensor 25 performed by the controller 40.
- step S11 the arithmetic processing unit 42 determines whether or not the force is executing fast-forwarding.
- the control of step S3 or S5 shown in Fig. 4 it is determined that fast-forwarding is being executed. If so, the arithmetic processing unit 42 determines whether or not there is a person within a predetermined range from the carriage 22 on the table 12 based on the signal from the human body sensor 25 in step S12. . As a result, if there are no people (NO in S12), fast-forwarding continues. However, if it is determined that there is a person (YES in S12), the processing unit 42 forcibly stops fast-forwarding immediately in step S13. After forcibly stopping fast-forwarding, the processing unit 42 determines in step S14 whether or not there is a person based on the signal from the human body sensor 25. In S15, resume fast-forward.
- the arithmetic processing unit 42 monitors the signal from the human body sensor 25 in step S16. If it is determined that there is a person within a predetermined range from the carriage 22 on the table 12 (YES in step S16), the start of the next fast feed to be performed is prohibited in step S17. If the start of fast-forwarding is prohibited while a product is being cut, the start of fast-forwarding to the cutting start position of the next product will be waited until the prohibition is released even if the product has been cut. Become.
- step S18 the arithmetic processing unit 42 determines whether or not there is a person based on the signal from the human body sensor 25, and if there is no person (NO in S18), fast-forwarding is performed in step S19. Cancel start prohibition.
- FIG. 7 shows the flow of dust collection control performed by the controller 40 and the exhaust control circuit 90.
- the arithmetic processing unit 42 calculates the position of the cutting head 24 in the X-axis direction based on the signal from the X-axis displacement sensor 66 in step S21 and exhausts it. Notify the control circuit.
- the detection of the position of the cutting head 24 in the X-axis direction for the purpose of dust collection control is sufficient if the cutting head 24 is located at a position corresponding to which exhaust chamber.
- the Y-axis track 20 or the movable carriage 18 is turned on by using the limit switch arranged at the position corresponding to each of the exhaust chambers 34A-34B of the table 12. Other methods such as Z-off may be used.
- step S22 the exhaust control circuit 90 rotates the three exhaust fans in the exhaust chamber corresponding to the position of the cutting head 24 and the exhaust chambers on both sides thereof, and stops the exhaust fans in the other exhaust chambers.
- step S23 the exhaust control circuit 90 opens the exhaust damper of the exhaust chamber corresponding to the position of the cutting head 24, and also for a predetermined time after the cutting head 24 leaves the other exhaust chamber. Exhaust chamber exhaust dampers that have not yet elapsed (for example, a few seconds) remain open and exhaust chamber exhaust dampers are closed.
- the intake fan 26A-26F Switching on and off, and opening and closing of the exhaust damper 96A-96F will be less frequent. Therefore, in this embodiment, an effect of improving the throughput can be obtained without greatly increasing the cost of the configuration for collecting the dust.
- the high-speed carriage 22 of the lightweight carriage 22 can be made at a lower cost than the high-speed carriage 18 of the heavy-duty moving carriage 18. Therefore, without increasing the cost of the head moving device. As a result, a throughput improvement effect can be obtained.
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Abstract
Description
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US11/596,677 US20080066596A1 (en) | 2004-05-20 | 2005-05-20 | Cutting Machine and Method of Moving Cutting Head |
JP2006513738A JP4646905B2 (ja) | 2004-05-20 | 2005-05-20 | 切断機及び切断ヘッドの移動方法 |
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JP2004-150583 | 2004-05-20 | ||
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US (1) | US20080066596A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4646905B2 (ja) |
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WO (1) | WO2005113183A1 (ja) |
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- 2005-05-20 JP JP2006513738A patent/JP4646905B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-05-20 WO PCT/JP2005/009234 patent/WO2005113183A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-05-20 US US11/596,677 patent/US20080066596A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-05-20 CN CNB2005800161303A patent/CN100515644C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (11)
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EP1839798A1 (en) | 2006-03-27 | 2007-10-03 | SEI S.p.A. | Apparatus and method for laser cutting and/or marking using fixed motors and transmission belt for moving a laser light emitter |
WO2007111053A1 (ja) * | 2006-03-29 | 2007-10-04 | Komatsu Industries Corporation | 切断機及びそのヘッド移動装置の制御方法 |
JP2007265247A (ja) * | 2006-03-29 | 2007-10-11 | Komatsu Sanki Kk | 切断機及びそのヘッド移動装置の制御方法 |
KR101022999B1 (ko) * | 2006-03-29 | 2011-03-22 | 고마쓰 산기 가부시끼가이샤 | 절단기 및 그 헤드 이동 장치의 제어 방법 |
US8161855B2 (en) | 2006-03-29 | 2012-04-24 | Komatsu Industries Corporation | Cutting machine and method for controlling head moving device of same |
CN102009271A (zh) * | 2010-10-20 | 2011-04-13 | 武汉金运激光股份有限公司 | 一种大幅面激光切割机 |
CN102218600A (zh) * | 2011-03-30 | 2011-10-19 | 无锡华联精工机械有限公司 | 激光切割机主机抽风控制系统 |
JP2015013304A (ja) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-01-22 | パナソニック株式会社 | レーザ加工装置及びレーザ加工方法 |
CN106001934A (zh) * | 2016-06-07 | 2016-10-12 | 成都市松川金属材料有限公司 | 一种厚金属板材激光切割方法 |
CN106001936A (zh) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-10-12 | 安庆宜源石油机械配件制造有限责任公司 | 一种铝合金门窗加工用切割机 |
TWI624328B (zh) * | 2016-12-14 | 2018-05-21 | 南臺科技大學 | 裁切工具機之軟硬體協同控制系統 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2005113183A1 (ja) | 2008-03-27 |
KR20070014182A (ko) | 2007-01-31 |
KR100818138B1 (ko) | 2008-04-01 |
US20080066596A1 (en) | 2008-03-20 |
JP4646905B2 (ja) | 2011-03-09 |
CN100515644C (zh) | 2009-07-22 |
CN1964813A (zh) | 2007-05-16 |
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