WO2005101476A1 - 半導体素子及び半導体素子の製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体素子及び半導体素子の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005101476A1 WO2005101476A1 PCT/JP2005/007348 JP2005007348W WO2005101476A1 WO 2005101476 A1 WO2005101476 A1 WO 2005101476A1 JP 2005007348 W JP2005007348 W JP 2005007348W WO 2005101476 A1 WO2005101476 A1 WO 2005101476A1
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a through electrode of a semiconductor device, and more particularly, to a structure of such a through electrode and a method of manufacturing the same.
- a semiconductor substrate having a conventional through electrode which is a background art, is an insulator in which deep holes are deposited on the surface of the semiconductor substrate from the surface after completion of the substrate surface process (after processing of the multilayer metal interconnection layer 8).
- An oxide film 6 thermal oxidation, insulator deposition
- metal 7 such as copper
- the additional insulating film 12 is formed and processed, and the additional metal wiring 14 is deposited thereon.
- the front surface and the back surface of the semiconductor substrate 1 are connected by processing the through-electrode metal 7 and the bonding pad 11 and forming the additional protective insulating film 13 thereon and processing (see FIG. 13).
- Tr. 2 is formed on the surface of a semiconductor substrate 1 (for example, Si single crystal and P-type), and Tr. 2 is a gate of high melting point metal material (polysilicon etc.)
- a semiconductor substrate 1 and a source / drain formed of a high concentration diffusion layer 4 of an inverted type (N-type as the example of the semiconductor substrate 1 is P-type) are formed.
- the semiconductor substrate 1 has a plurality of metal wiring layers 8 and the metal material used is a high melting point metal wiring 5 of the same high melting point metal material as the gate, a low resistance metal wiring (Al, Cu, etc.), etc. It has a laminated structure.
- An insulating film 9 which insulates these wiring layers is formed between the metal wiring layers 8, and Si02 is often used as the material of the insulating film 9 (others can be metal oxide films or organic materials).
- the signal extraction is performed by opening the back surface insulating film 16 from the front surface extraction electrode 15 and the back surface, and forming a back surface extraction electrode metal with the through electrode.
- FIG. 14 shows an assembled mounting structure of semiconductor elements such as a conventional high-speed CPU.
- Semiconductor element The child 22 is connected to the package 20 through the metal bump 21 attached to the bonding pad 11 on the semiconductor surface 25 (the lower surface in the figure), and the package 20 is connected to the board 18 by the solder bumps 19. ing.
- the semiconductor back surface 24 is in contact with the heat sink 23 of the package (directly or through an adhesive such as an organic material).
- FIG. 15 shows an assembled mounting structure of a semiconductor element such as a conventional semiconductor sensor (CCD, MOS, etc.).
- a semiconductor element such as a conventional semiconductor sensor (CCD, MOS, etc.).
- CCD semiconductor sensor
- MOS complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor
- FIG. 15 shows an assembled mounting structure of a semiconductor element such as a conventional semiconductor sensor (CCD, MOS, etc.).
- a semiconductor element 22 an electrical signal is taken out on the package 20 by the bonding wire 26 from the bonding pad 11 on the semiconductor surface 25 (upper surface in the figure), and the semiconductor back surface (lower surface in the figure) is mechanically attached to the package 20.
- the semiconductor sensor receives light, it passes from the light source 28 through the lens 29 to the light receiving portion of the semiconductor surface through the transparent material 27 on the surface of the package 20.
- Non-Patent Document 1 Tomisaka Manabu, “Technology for forming tip through electrodes used in three-dimensional mounting,” Denso Technical Review, 2001, Vol. 6, No. 2, p78-83
- Non-Patent Document 2 Yuki Shirai, “Three-Dimensional Stacked LSI as SIP Solution”, 2003 Electronics Society Conference of the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, 2003, SS-16-SS-17 17
- Patent Literature 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-237468 Official gazette
- the through electrode holes are opened after completion of the multilayer wiring process, and thermal oxidation (to form the insulating film 6 between the substrate and the through electrodes) around the substrate Si through electrode is C) can not be made.
- the reason is that the melting point of multilayer wiring metals (Al, Cu, etc.) is low (less than 1000 ° C.). Therefore, the insulating film 6 has a problem that the film quality of the insulating film 6 is not good without using a process such as deposition, and the problems of yield loss, cost increase, and reliability deterioration are piled up.
- the insulating film 9 (S102) having a thickness stacked on the substrate surface and to etch the semiconductor substrate 1 thereunder.
- the etching rate of the insulating film 9 and the etching rate of the semiconductor substrate 1 are different, so that the side profile of the etching becomes worse, and the control of the hole diameter and the depth becomes very difficult, which causes the yield to be lowered.
- the through electrode to the deep hole Since the melting point of metal 7 (Cu) is low, the through hole process is performed after forming the connection metal on the substrate surface, so the through electrode part becomes a dead space that can not be used as another wiring area, and the chip area is larger than necessary. It has a problem of growing in size. Also, in the conventional through electrode semiconductor element, the takeout port of the through electrode from the substrate surface side becomes the surface top layer, and the connection distance to the wiring on the substrate and the transistor (Tr.) 2 becomes long, which hinders high speed operation.
- the heat sink can be attached to the back surface 24 of the semiconductor element in order to take out the electrode from the surface 25 of the semiconductor element.
- the electrode for exchanging electric signals is the surface 25 of the semiconductor element.
- the bonding pad force was also helpless except through bonding wire 26. Therefore, the height of the strong bonding wire 26 is an adverse effect, and the distance between the light receiving surface of the light sensor semiconductor element and the lens 29 can not be shortened, and the depth of focus can not be reduced.
- MOS Metal Oxide Semiconductor
- CCD Charge Coupled Devices
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and by changing the structure of a conventional through electrode, the manufacturing time can be shortened, and the yield, cost and reliability can be improved.
- the goal is to provide semiconductor devices that can operate at high speed by making efficient use of the space of the chip to make the chip itself smaller.
- a through electrode is formed in which the surface force of the single crystal semiconductor substrate also penetrates to the back surface, and the through electrode is a multilayer metal wiring layer above the semiconductor substrate surface. It is formed without reaching.
- a through electrode is formed which penetrates to the back surface of the surface of the single crystal semiconductor substrate, and the through electrode does not reach the multilayer metal wiring layer above the semiconductor substrate surface. Therefore, it is possible to shorten the manufacturing time with an easy configuration, to improve the yield, cost and reliability, and to effectively use the portion directly above the through electrode of the upper layer portion over the surface of the semiconductor substrate. .
- examples of the single crystal semiconductor substrate include those containing Si or GaAs
- examples of the metal wiring of the multilayer metal wiring layer include A and Cu. Not reaching the multi-layered metal wiring layer is about the extent to which it is reached rather than excluding those completely reaching the multi-layered metal wiring layer. This is because in the case where the through electrode is formed, the case where the through electrode is formed to a slight extent to the multi-layered metal wiring layer, and the case where the through electrodes are formed redundantly are assumed.
- a through electrode penetrating from the front surface to the back surface of the single crystal semiconductor substrate is formed, and the through electrode penetrates the multilayer metal wiring layer above the semiconductor substrate surface. It is formed without.
- the through electrode is a metal material having a melting point higher than that of the metal material of the multilayer metal wiring layer, and insulation is provided between the through electrode and the semiconductor substrate. A film is formed.
- the through electrode is a metal material having a melting point higher than that of the metal material of the multilayer metal wiring layer, and an insulating film is formed between the through electrode and the semiconductor substrate.
- a multilayer metal wiring layer or the like can be formed in the upper layer above the surface of the semiconductor substrate, and the through electrode of this structure can be formed.
- W, Ti, Poly-Si, etc., or these polycides, silicides, salicides, etc. correspond to high melting point metal materials.
- the through electrodes are plural in the same chip as needed, and one through electrode differs from the surface shape of the other through electrodes.
- the resistance of the through electrodes such as the electrode wiring is selected according to the purpose.
- the chip can be lowered, the layout restrictions on the chip can be reduced, and through electrodes of free size can be formed at free places, leading to stabilization of operation and reduction of chip area.
- a metal wire different from the penetrating electrode embedded metal material is formed on the upper surface of the semiconductor substrate, if necessary, and the through electrode is formed in the wiring region or peripheral region of the semiconductor. It is formed.
- the metal wiring different from the metal embedded in the through electrode is formed above the surface of the semiconductor substrate, and the through electrode is formed in the wiring area or peripheral area of the semiconductor.
- the chip area can be reduced, the cost can be reduced, and at the same time, the wiring length can be shortened, and high-speed wiring can be measured.
- an extraction port for extracting the electrode from the through electrode on the front surface and the Z or the back surface of the semiconductor substrate is a plurality of extraction ports per one through electrode. Or it has an electrode.
- the above-described takeout port has a plurality of takeout ports or electrodes per one through electrode, it is possible to connect multiple takeout electrodes to lower the resistance value, for example.
- one signal can be extracted from multiple locations from the through electrodes for signal lines, and it becomes possible to select a signal line as a branch connection.
- metal balls such as gold (Au) or the like and an ohmic connection may be disposed on the through electrodes on the back surface of the semiconductor substrate, if necessary.
- Au gold
- ohmic connection may be disposed on the through electrodes on the back surface of the semiconductor substrate, if necessary.
- the semiconductor element according to the present invention forms, on the back surface of the semiconductor substrate, pads electrically connected to the through electrodes penetrating the back surface of the semiconductor substrate.
- the semiconductor element according to the present invention since double-sided connection can be made, a large number of terminals can be provided with a small chip area, thereby enabling cost reduction, chip area reduction, and high-speed operation.
- the pad on the surface of the semiconductor device is not formed as needed.
- the electrode having no insulating opening such as bonding nod on the surface of the substrate, bonding wire etc. It will be a structure without laminates Since the heat dissipating plate can be directly attached to the surface of the semiconductor element, heat generation can be efficiently dissipated. If a sensor such as a CCD or MOS is mounted on this semiconductor device, the distance between the surface of the semiconductor and the lens can be shortened as in the conventional case, and the system can be miniaturized.
- the predetermined semiconductor element is disposed in the uppermost layer, and the semiconductor element is disposed in the lower layer to form a laminated structure.
- a plurality of the present semiconductor devices are vertically stacked, and signals passing between the semiconductor devices are exchanged, or a wire connected to the upper (lower) semiconductor device is passed through the through electrode.
- the semiconductor interposer In the semiconductor interposer according to the present invention, only the metal wiring is formed on the surface of the semiconductor element without forming the Tr., And only the lead-out electrode of the through electrode is formed on the back surface of the semiconductor substrate. is there. As described above, in the present invention, only the metal wiring is formed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate without forming the Tr. On the surface of the semiconductor substrate, and the semiconductor element is mounted on the surface (rear surface).
- the structure can be made, that is, a structure in which the through electrode according to the present invention is used in the semiconductor interposer, which makes it easy to take out the electrode of the interposer force, and enables cost reduction and downsizing of the system. Become. Semiconductor elements can be connected by this interposer.
- the semiconductor element is disposed and mounted on the front surface and the back surface of the semiconductor interposer.
- a semiconductor system in which the semiconductor element described above is disposed and mounted on the front surface and the back surface of the semiconductor interposer allows penetration through the front surface and the back surface of the semiconductor interposer.
- the electrodes By having the electrodes, it becomes possible to mount semiconductor devices on the front and back of the interposer, and the mounting density can be improved. That is, this semiconductor system can be said to have a plurality of semiconductor elements electrically connected by through electrodes mounted.
- the semiconductor substrate is opened before forming the multi-layered metal wiring layer above the surface of the semiconductor substrate, and the inner wall of the semiconductor substrate around the hole is oxidized. A film is formed, and a high melting point metal is filled in the through electrode hole to form a through electrode.
- the semiconductor substrate is opened, and an oxide film is formed on the inner wall of the semiconductor substrate around the holes. Since the through electrodes are formed by filling the through electrode holes, it is possible to easily form the semiconductor element in which the through electrodes do not reach the multilayer metal wiring layer.
- the opening etching process for opening the semiconductor substrate may be performed on the substrate before forming the transistor components on the surface of the semiconductor substrate, as necessary. It is a thing. As described above, in the present invention, since the opening etching process treatment force for opening the semiconductor substrate is performed on the substrate before forming the transistor component on the surface of the semiconductor substrate, the insulating film is formed when the through electrode is formed. The high melting point metal is filled only in the through electrode hole which is not etched to form the through electrode, and the semiconductor element can be manufactured rapidly without waste.
- the opening etching process for opening the semiconductor substrate may be performed after forming the transistor component on the surface of the semiconductor substrate before forming the multilayer metal wiring layer, as necessary. Is performed on the substrate of As described above, in the present invention, since the opening etching process is performed on the substrate before forming the multilayer metal wiring layer after forming the transistor components on the surface of the semiconductor substrate, high melting point metal is disposed in a part of the insulating layer. Although such a high melting point metal can be used as a wiring for the through electrode, a multilayer metal wiring layer can be formed on the through electrode without forming the through electrode penetrating the multilayer metal wiring layer. can do.
- through electrode holes to a predetermined depth are formed without penetrating to the back surface of the semiconductor substrate at the time of forming the through electrodes, Grinding or polishing.
- the penetrating electrode hole is formed to a predetermined depth and the penetrating electrode hole is filled with the high melting point metal, and after the semiconductor substrate surface processing process is completed, the substrate surface is polished ij, etching If the desired thickness is achieved, the refractory metal is exposed, and as a result, the through electrode can be formed, the through electrode forming process (particularly the etching portion) becomes easy, and the manufacturing cost as a whole can be reduced. so Can.
- the through electrode material has a melting point higher than that of the wiring material on the substrate surface.
- the through electrode can be completed before the wiring process.
- the process for through electrodes can be simplified, and reliability, yield, and characteristics can be improved.
- the process is simplified because the opening hole through the substrate from the surface oxide film of the through electrode is not necessary and the embedding of the low melting point metal (Cu etc.) is not necessary. It can be improved.
- the electrode resistance can be lowered, and the resistance of the through of the signal wiring of the load capacitance and the power supply wiring is lowered to increase the speed of the semiconductor. , Stable operation is obtained.
- the chip area can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.
- the through electrodes can be arranged in the wiring region in the central portion of the semiconductor, so that high-speed operation and stable operation of the semiconductor can be measured.
- a multi-terminal semiconductor can be easily realized.
- the semiconductor surface can be mounted directly on the package, the heat dissipation can be improved, and the reliability can be improved.
- the present invention it is not necessary to take out the terminal of the semiconductor surface force, and a short focus of an optical sensor or the like can be realized, so that the device can be miniaturized.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a through electrode structure of a semiconductor device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a through electrode structure of a semiconductor device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a plan layout view of a semiconductor device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a lamination state diagram of a semiconductor device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a semiconductor device assembly / mounting structure according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a mounting structure in which the semiconductor device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is applied to a CCD.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a through electrode structure of a semiconductor device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a lamination view of a semiconductor device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a through electrode structure of a conventional semiconductor device.
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional assembled and mounted structure of a semiconductor device.
- FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of a mounting structure of a conventional CCD.
- DRAM Stacked Semiconductor Device
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a through electrode structure of a semiconductor device according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 3 is a schematic of a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to the present embodiment. It is a flowchart.
- the semiconductor device comprises a transistor (Tr.) 2 and through electrodes 31, 32 on a single crystal semiconductor substrate 1 made of silicon (Si), and the semiconductor substrate in the upper part of the figure. 1 surface is a gate 3 made of high melting point metal material of transistor (Tr.) 2, high melting point metal (Ho Si, W, Ti, silicide, polycide etc.) same as the gate material, wiring 5 and multilayer metal (Al, Cu Etc.)
- a wire 8, an insulating film 9 and a protective insulating film 10 are formed, and a part of the protective insulating film 10 is opened to expose the top metal of the multi-layered metal wire 8, thereby forming a bonding pad 11.
- the back surface of the semiconductor substrate in the lower part of the figure is composed of a back surface insulating film 38 and a back surface electrode metal 40 bonded to the opening 39.
- the through electrodes 31 and 32 are embedded with refractory metal and embedded to the same plane as the surface of the semiconductor substrate 1. From the surface of through electrodes 31, 32, the signal can be transmitted to a desired place through the metal wiring of multi-layered metal wiring layer 8 through the through hole.
- the structure is
- the semiconductor substrate 1 uses P-type, and a transistor (Tr.) 2 is formed on the surface from a source 4, a drain 4 and a gate 3.
- the source 4 and the drain 4 have the lowest impurity concentration in the N-type diffusion layer compared to the substrate 1 and the lowest electrical resistance among the diffusion layers.
- P-type MOS Tr. With P-type diffusion layer source and drain is omitted from Fig.1.
- through electrodes 31, 32 vertically penetrate the substrate in a columnar shape.
- An insulating film 34 is present between the through electrodes 31 and 32 and the semiconductor substrate 1.
- the shape of the through electrode is free.
- the small current electrode for transmitting a signal is a thin cylindrical shape like the through electrodes 31 and 32, and the large current electrode such as a power source is a thick oval or wall shape. It is also possible to create a through electrode which is That is, by changing the thickness and shape of the through electrode, the through electrode electrical resistance can be lowered, the resistance of the through electrode such as the power supply wiring can be lowered, and the restriction on the layout on the chip can be reduced. Through-hole vias of free size can be placed in places to stabilize the operation and reduce the chip area.
- a plurality of extraction electrodes may be provided on the front surface and the back surface of the through electrode.
- the through electrode for power supply wiring can connect the plurality of extraction electrodes to reduce the resistance value, and one signal can be output from the through electrode for signal line. It can be taken out from multiple places, and it becomes possible to select the signal line as a branch connection.
- the electrodes from the back surface of the through electrodes 31 and 32 have a structure in which a back surface electrode metal (such as a metal ball) 40 is provided in the back surface electrode opening 39 of the back surface insulating film 38 to take out the electrodes.
- a back surface electrode metal such as a metal ball
- metal balls such as gold are used as a material compatible with the substrate (through electrode) material, so the back electrode extraction resistance from the through electrode is lowered and the reliability is improved. It is possible to improve and operate at high speed.
- the through electrodes 31 and 32 are formed up to the surface of the semiconductor substrate 1 and not formed thereon, and various high melting point metal interconnections 5 and multilayer metal interconnection layers 8 are freely formed thereon.
- FIG. 2 is a view showing a method of manufacturing the cross-sectional structure shown in FIG.
- the opening etching process of the semiconductor substrate 1 is performed before the formation of the transistor (Tr.) 2 region (well, diffusion, gate) on the semiconductor substrate 1.
- an etching prevention film 45 (S102) is formed (oxidized, debossed) on the surface of the semiconductor substrate 1 (Si), and a penetration electrode formation pattern is formed thereon by exposure using a penetration electrode photomask and etching.
- the anti-etching film opening 46 is formed). At this time, it can be similarly formed by direct exposure without using a photomask.
- the corresponding portion of the semiconductor substrate 1 is etched using the etching prevention film opening 46.
- the substrate is washed and oxidized in an oxygen atmosphere to grow Si02 on the inner wall of the through electrode hole 47 of the semiconductor substrate 1 (temperature is usually 1000 ° C. to 1200 ° C.).
- the insulating film 34 may be formed by growing Si02 or the like by a vapor deposition method such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD), which is not oxidized under an oxygen atmosphere.
- CVD chemical vapor deposition
- the means of filling may be CVD, vapor deposition, plating, etc., but the optimum method is selected according to the characteristics of the filling material. For example, in the case of poly-Si, CVD is optimal, and in the case of tungsten, CVD or evaporation is optimal.
- the back surface insulating film 38 of the semiconductor substrate 1 is formed and opened to complete the wafer.
- the back electrode metal 40 in FIG. 1 is generally mounted before assembly, but the back electrode metal 40 may be pre-mounted before dicing the wafer after completion of the wafer.
- the back surface electrode metal 40 can be formed on the mounting side, and can be configured to be the back surface electrode metal 40 of the semiconductor element 1 as a result at the time of mounting.
- the through electrodes 31, 32 penetrating from the front surface to the back surface of the single crystal semiconductor substrate 1 are formed, and the through electrodes 31, 32 are upper layers than the semiconductor substrate surface. Since it is formed without reaching the multi-layered metal wiring layer 8, of the upper layer portion over the surface of the semiconductor substrate 1, the portion directly above the through electrodes 31, 32 can be effectively used.
- the through electrodes 31 and 32 are made of a metal material having a melting point higher than that of the metal material of the multilayer metal wiring layer 8, and the through electrodes 31 and 32 and the semiconductor substrate 1 Since the insulating film 34 is formed between them, the through electrodes 31, 32 are After the formation, the multilayer metal interconnection layer 8 or the like can be formed in the upper layer above the surface of the semiconductor substrate 1, and the through electrodes 31 and 32 of this structure can be formed. Further, according to the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment, a plurality of the through electrodes 31 and 32 exist in the same chip, and one through electrode 31 has the surface shape (thickness, pattern) of the other through electrode 32.
- the resistance of through electrodes such as electrode wiring can be lowered, layout restrictions on the chip can be reduced, and through electrodes with free sizes can be formed in free places, resulting in stable operation. It also leads to a decrease in chip area.
- the metal balls such as the through electrodes 31 and 32 made of copper (Au) are formed on the back surface of the semiconductor substrate 1 by means of ceramic connection. The back electrode extraction resistance from the through electrodes 31 and 32 is lowered, and the reliability improvement and the high speed operation become possible.
- the semiconductor substrate 1 is opened before forming the multi-layered metal wiring layer 8 above the surface of the semiconductor substrate, and the inner wall of the semiconductor substrate 1 around the hole is insulated. Since the film 34 is formed and the high melting point metal is filled in the through electrode holes 47 to form the through electrodes 31 and 32, the semiconductor device in which the through electrodes do not reach the multilayer metal wiring layer is easily formed. be able to.
- the etching process for forming the opening for opening the semiconductor substrate 1 is performed in the row relative to the substrate before forming the transistor components on the surface of the semiconductor substrate 1 As a result, it is possible to manufacture a semiconductor device in which the through electrode is formed by filling the refractory metal only in the through electrode hole 47 which does not etch the insulating film when forming the through electrode.
- the method of manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment is shown in FIG. 2, it can be as shown in FIG.
- the depth of the through electrode may be 50 [m] or more.
- the through electrode hole 48 is formed to a depth of about 60 [m]
- the high through melting metal is filled in the through electrode hole 48, and after the semiconductor substrate surface process processing is completed, the back surface of the substrate is ground and etched to a desired thickness. Then, the filled high melting point metal is exposed to the back surface of the substrate, and as a result, a through electrode can be formed.
- the through electrode forming process particularly, the etching portion
- the manufacturing cost can be reduced as a whole.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a through electrode structure of a semiconductor device according to the present embodiment
- FIGS. 5 and 6 are schematic flowcharts of a method of manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
- the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment in FIG. 4 is configured substantially the same as the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment, except that the manufacturing method is different. Similar to the above, the through electrode hole 47 penetrates to the upper portion of the wiring 5 of the gate material, and the refractory metal filled in the through electrode hole 47 corresponds to the multilayer metal wiring layer 8 on the surface of the semiconductor substrate 1. This is because the portion used as the lower high melting point metal wiring 33 is different. Then, as shown in FIG.
- the opening etching process for the through electrode hole 47 of the semiconductor substrate 1 is performed after completing the wiring 5 of the gate material.
- the insulating film 34 is formed on the inner wall of the semiconductor substrate around the holes and filled with a refractory metal, and the subsequent processing is performed according to the manufacturing of the first embodiment shown in FIG. It is almost the same as the method.
- the step of forming the through electrode is carried out, and the high melting point metal is disposed not only on the through electrode but also on the surface of the semiconductor substrate.
- a metal can be used as the high melting point metal wiring 33.
- the opening etching process for opening the semiconductor substrate 1 is performed by forming the above-described multilayer metal wiring layer after forming the transistor constituent elements on the surface of the semiconductor substrate.
- the high melting point metal is disposed on a part of the insulating layer because it is performed on the substrate before formation, such high melting point metal can be used as a wiring for the through electrode, and a multilayer metal wiring
- the multilayer metal wiring layer can be formed on the upper layer of the through electrode without forming the through electrode penetrating the layer.
- the rear surface of the semiconductor substrate is polished and etched after completion of the surface processing of the semiconductor substrate.
- the desired thickness can also be made. As a result, it is possible to suppress the widening due to the spread diffusion, and it becomes possible to reduce the chip area, and at the same time, it is possible to shorten the diffusion time and to reduce the cost.
- FIG. 7 shows a plan layout view of the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
- the surface of the semiconductor element is a peripheral region 42 where the bonding pad 11 and the like are disposed, a Tr. Region (cell region) 43 where the transistor (Tr.) 2 is closely disposed, and a plurality of metal wiring layers.
- the wiring area 44 where only the
- the through electrodes 30, 31, 32 and a plurality of other through electrodes are arranged, and the place thereof is also arranged in the wiring area 44 which is divided only by the peripheral area 42. It is understood that is possible. This is because the through electrodes 30, 31, 32 stop up to the surface of the semiconductor substrate 1, and various high melting point metal interconnections 5 and multilayer metal interconnection layers 8 can be freely wired on the upper layer thereof. is there.
- the through electrodes can be of various sizes and shapes, the signal lines are thin, through electrodes 32, the signal lines with large load capacity such as bus signals are slightly thick, through electrodes 31, and the power lines are large and thick. It is possible to use through electrodes 30.
- At least the through electrodes are formed before forming metal interconnections (poly Si, polycide, silicide, molybdenum, aluminum, copper, etc.) on the surface of the semiconductor substrate in the semiconductor substrate surface processing step.
- metal interconnections poly Si, polycide, silicide, molybdenum, aluminum, copper, etc.
- metal wires different from those of the through electrodes 30, 31, 32 are formed on the upper surface of the semiconductor substrate 1 and penetrate the wiring region 44 or the peripheral region 42 of the semiconductor device. Since the electrodes are formed, the upper part of the through electrode is overlapped with other signal lines and metal wiring as a power supply line, and the chip area is reduced to reduce the cost and reduce the wiring length as well as the cost. Can be measured at high speed.
- FIG. 8 shows a lamination state diagram of the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
- the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment is configured similarly to the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment, and additionally, in addition to the pads on the surface 25 of the semiconductor device, through electrodes penetrating the back surface 24 of the semiconductor substrate.
- a pad is formed on the back surface 24 of the semiconductor substrate as a conductive pad. That is, conventionally, the bonding pad 11 of the semiconductor element surface 25 is bonded Gwire 26 is connected, but as shown in Fig. 8, it can also be connected by back side electrode metal 40 besides this bonding wire, and double-sided force can also be connected. It is possible to reduce the cost, reduce the chip area, and operate at high speed.
- the through electrode of the present invention has a high degree of freedom in the formation location as compared with the conventional through electrode, cost reduction, chip area reduction, and high speed operation can be realized more.
- FIG. 8 a chip as shown on the left in the figure.
- signals and power can be supplied from both the back surface electrode metal 40 and the surface bonding pad 11 and high speed and low price can be realized when applied to a multi-pin semiconductor.
- the middle figure in the figure is an example in which semiconductor elements are stacked and both the back electrode metal 40 and the bonding pad 11 are used, and the right figure in the figure is stacked and the lower signal is through the through electrode at the top.
- the semiconductor elements according to the present embodiment are vertically stacked, and signals are exchanged between the semiconductor elements, or wires connected to the semiconductor elements located on the upper (lower) side are printed.
- the present invention can be carried out through the through electrode of the invention, and a laminated semiconductor can be easily realized, and a cost reduction, high density mounting, high speed operation, and a highly reliable system can be realized.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the assembled mounting structure of the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the mounting structure where the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment is applied to a CCD. More specifically, for example, it is a mounting structure of semiconductor devices such as a high-speed CPU (Central Processing Unit).
- a high-speed CPU Central Processing Unit
- the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment is configured in the same manner as the semiconductor device according to the fourth embodiment, and in addition, the pads on the surface 25 of the semiconductor device are not formed.
- insulator openings such as bonding pads 11 are formed on the surface 25 of the semiconductor element.
- the heat dissipating plate 23 can be attached directly to the semiconductor element surface 25 as shown.
- the back surface is bonded to the heat sink 23, but in the present embodiment, since it is surface bonding, heat generation from the transistor (Tr.) 2 of the semiconductor element surface 25 can be efficiently dissipated. it can. If the semiconductor device according to this embodiment is applied to a sensor such as a CCD or MOS, as shown in FIG.
- the distance between the semiconductor surface and the lens can be shortened because there is no bonding wire 26 as in the prior art.
- System can be miniaturized.
- the light receiving portion of the CCD or MOS needs to be protected by the transparent material 27 which is transparent to the surface of the semiconductor element 25 in the light source direction.
- the short focal length optical system can be constructed by shortening the distance between the lens 29 and the semiconductor element surface 25 as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the through electrode structure of the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 12 is a stacked state diagram of the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
- the transistor (Tr.) 2 or the like is not formed, and only the metal wiring is formed to be used as a semiconductor interposer.
- the semiconductor interposer according to this embodiment only the metal wiring is formed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate 1 without forming the transistor (Tr.) 2, and the semiconductor element is formed on the surface (rear surface). It can be a mounted structure, that is, a structure using the through electrode according to the present invention in a semiconductor interposer, which makes it easy to take out the electrode of the semiconductor interposer force, and reduces the cost and size of the system. Becomes possible.
- a semiconductor system according to each of the embodiments is disposed and mounted on the front and back surfaces of the semiconductor interposer according to the present embodiment, thereby penetrating the front and back surfaces of the semiconductor interposer.
- By having the through electrodes it becomes possible to mount semiconductor elements on the front and back surfaces of the interposer, and the mounting density can be improved.
- An example in which semiconductor elements are mounted on both the front surface and the back surface of the semiconductor interposer of the present invention is shown using FIG.
- the DRAM 50 and the Flash 51 are stacked on the top surface of the semiconductor interposer 49 having the through electrodes 30, 31, 32, and the logic LSI 52, the analog LSI 53 and the driver IC 54 are mounted on the back surface.
- Upper stacked memory group and lower mounted LSI are semiconductors
- the through electrodes in the heat source 49 may be directly connected, or in some cases, the wires may be connected on the semiconductor interposer 49, which allows free wiring.
- the semiconductor substrate 1 of P-type Si is used and the CMOS structure is shown as an example for the explanation of the through electrode, but the same applies to the case where the semiconductor substrate 1 of N-type Si is used.
- the structure is possible, and the same through electrode structure is possible in the NMOS structure, the PMOS structure, the bipolar structure, and the Bi-CMOS structure. It is obvious that the same structure is possible even if the semiconductor substrate 1 is a compound semiconductor (gallium arsenide, indium antimony, etc.) which is made of Si, and the same effect can be obtained.
- the back electrode metal 40 and the front electrode metal are divided and the force is described at the time of completion.
- the back electrode metal 40 shown in the above was not attached to the back surface, but at the time of mounting, the electrode metal was attached to the surface of the lower semiconductor element (laminated structure), board, interposer, etc. and mounted from above! It is good even if the semiconductor element is attached (crimping, thermocompression bonding, etc.)! ,.
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Abstract
Description
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