WO2005086216A1 - 半導体素子及び半導体素子の製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体素子及び半導体素子の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005086216A1 WO2005086216A1 PCT/JP2005/004124 JP2005004124W WO2005086216A1 WO 2005086216 A1 WO2005086216 A1 WO 2005086216A1 JP 2005004124 W JP2005004124 W JP 2005004124W WO 2005086216 A1 WO2005086216 A1 WO 2005086216A1
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a through electrode of a semiconductor device, and more particularly, to a structure of such a through electrode and a method of manufacturing the same.
- the conventional semiconductor substrate penetrating electrode penetrates through the insulator 9 on which the surface force deep hole is deposited on the substrate surface after the substrate surface process is completed (after the processing of the multilayer metal wiring layer 8), and the semiconductor substrate 1
- An oxide film 6 thermal oxidation, insulator deposit
- metal 7 copper etc.
- the front surface and the back surface of the semiconductor substrate are connected by forming and processing the film 13.
- Tr. 2 is formed on the surface of a semiconductor substrate 1 (for example, Si single crystal and P-type), and Tr. 2 is a gate of high melting point metal material (polysilicon etc.) 3 And a source and a drain formed of the high concentration diffusion layer 4 of the semiconductor substrate 1 and the reverse type (N type as the example of the semiconductor substrate 1 is the P type).
- the semiconductor substrate 1 has a plurality of metal wiring layers 8, and the metal material used is a wiring 5 of the same high melting point metal material as the gate, a low resistance metal wiring (Al, Cu, etc.), etc. It has become.
- An insulating film 9 which insulates these wiring layers is formed between the metal wiring layers 8, and Si02 is often used as the material of the insulating film 9 (other metal oxide films and organic materials can also be used).
- FIG. 15 shows an assembly mounting structure of a conventional semiconductor device such as a high-speed CPU.
- Semiconductor element 22 is connected to package 20 through metal bump 21 attached to bonding pad 11 of semiconductor surface 25 (the lower surface in the figure), and package 20 is solder bump 19 to board 18. It is connected.
- the semiconductor back surface 24 is in contact with the heat sink 23 of the package (directly or through an adhesive such as an organic material).
- FIG. 16 shows an assembly mounting structure of a semiconductor element such as a conventional semiconductor sensor (CCD, MOS, etc.).
- CCD conventional semiconductor sensor
- Non-Patent Document 1 Tomisaka Manabu, “Technology for forming tip through electrodes used in three-dimensional mounting”, Denso technical review, 2001, Vol. 6, No. 2, p78- 83
- Non-Patent Document 2 Yuki Shirai, "Three-dimensional stacked LSI as a SIP solution", 2003 Electronics Society Conference of the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, 2003, SS-16- SS-17
- Patent Literature 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-237468 Official gazette
- the through electrode of the above-described conventional structure a process of opening a deep hole (several tens of [um]), complete oxide film 6 (insulator) is formed on the side wall in the deep hole, and the hole is formed.
- the process requires complicated and long process steps such as embedding metal, etc., and the yield is significantly reduced as compared to the case where the through electrode is not formed, resulting in an increase in cost, and the reliability is degraded.
- the through hole process can not be used as another wiring area because the hole opening process is performed after forming the connection metal on the surface of the substrate where the melting point of embedded metal 7 (copper) is low in deep holes.
- the takeout port from the substrate surface side of the through electrode is the uppermost layer on the surface, and the connection distance to the wiring on the substrate and Tr. 2 becomes long, making high speed operation difficult.
- the through electrode of the conventional structure in order to form an outlet for the through electrode from the substrate surface side, it is necessary to newly form one metal wiring layer and two insulating film layers by an additional process.
- the size and shape of the hole must be the same due to the deep hole opening process and the metal burying process in the hole, so the cross-sectional area may be different or the shape may be different. It is impossible to make electrodes simultaneously.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and a semiconductor device having a novel through electrode structure which maintains a sufficient yield, suppresses an increase in cost, and maintains a reliability, and a method of manufacturing the same. Intended to provide.
- the semiconductor device is from the surface (with Tr. Formed) to the back surface (with no Tr. Formed) of a single crystal semiconductor substrate (silicon: Si, gallium arsenide: GaAS etc)
- a through electrode is formed by the same material as the substrate.
- the through electrode is formed of the same material as the substrate, processing such as grinding or insertion of the constituent material of the through electrode with respect to the wafer is unnecessary when forming the through electrode. It can be formed inexpensively and easily.
- the main component is Si, whether it is single crystal or polycrystal, or if it contains impurities or mixture (for example, high melting point metal such as W). It is said that.
- “same” here means “the main component is the same”, and does not always require perfect identity. That is, for example, a force of 1% or less which is a large amount of impurities (specifically, 0.1 [%] or less) in the material of Si is sufficiently possible, and it is assumed to be more than this.
- the through electrode is doped with an impurity opposite to the substrate. , Is formed by diffusion.
- the through electrode and the semiconductor substrate are made of the same material, and the through electrode is formed as a diffusion layer of a type opposite to the semiconductor substrate.
- it since it has a structure in which both electrical insulation can be measured by PN junction without an insulation film, it is not necessary to form an insulation film, and cost reduction and reliability improvement can be measured.
- the through electrode is made of the same material as that of the substrate, as required.
- the through electrode may have a single crystal structure only at the boundary region with the semiconductor substrate, and a high melting point metal material (poly Si, polycide, silicide, etc.) at the center. Molybdenum, tungsten, titanium, etc.).
- a high melting point metal material poly Si, polycide, silicide, etc.
- Molybdenum, tungsten, titanium, etc. the central portion of the through electrode is filled with the high melting point metal material, and only the vicinity of the interface with the substrate is formed of the single crystal diffusion layer to obtain a normal PN junction. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the resistance of the through electrode and to operate at high speed.
- a plurality of the high melting point metal materials are provided separately as needed, and the plurality of high melting point metal materials share the diffusion layer.
- a plurality of high melting point metal materials are provided separately, and the plurality of high melting point metal materials can share the diffusion layer, and both sides are also connected by the diffusion layer shared by the through electrodes. It is possible to form a plurality of through electrodes having various shapes and cross-sectional areas simultaneously on the same semiconductor element by making a short circuit by air and forming a single through electrode having a large hot force.
- the through electrode penetrates from the surface to the back surface of the semiconductor substrate as needed, and the through electrode reaches a multilayer metal wiring layer above the surface of the semiconductor substrate. It is formed without. With such a configuration, it is possible to effectively use the portion directly above the through electrode in the upper layer portion above the surface of the semiconductor substrate. In addition, since the configuration is easy, manufacturing time can be shortened, and yield, cost and reliability can be improved. In addition, even if the through electrode penetrates from the front surface to the back surface of the semiconductor substrate and the through electrode is formed without penetrating the multilayer metal wiring layer above the semiconductor substrate surface, the same effect can be obtained. Have.
- the through electrodes may be plurally provided in the same chip as needed, and the surface shape (thickness, pattern) of the electrodes differs depending on the purpose.
- the present invention it is possible to lower the electrical resistance of the through electrode by changing the thickness and shape of the through electrode, and to lower the resistance of the through electrode such as the power supply wiring or the like.
- the layout restriction on the chip is reduced, and a free size through-electrode can be placed at a free place, to stabilize the operation and reduce the chip area.
- a metal wire different from the penetrating electrode is formed on the upper surface of the semiconductor substrate, if necessary, and the penetrating electrode is formed in the semiconductor wiring region or peripheral region. It is a thing.
- the metal wiring different from the through electrode is formed on the upper surface of the semiconductor substrate, and the through electrode is formed in the wiring region or peripheral region of the semiconductor. It has a structure in which metal wires as signal lines and power supply lines overlap, so that the chip area is reduced and the cost is reduced, and at the same time, the wire length is shortened and the speed can be increased.
- electrical connection from the through electrode on the surface of the semiconductor substrate may be formed by a diffusion layer (well, source, drain diffusion layer) of the same type as the through electrode. It is something to do.
- a diffusion layer well, source, drain diffusion layer
- the present invention since the structure is drawn out with the diffusion layer (well diffusion layer, source / drain diffusion layer) used in the Tr. Element without using metal wiring, the chip area is reduced, and the wiring resistance is reduced. The cost can be reduced, and high-speed operation is possible.
- the electrical connection from the through electrode on the surface of the semiconductor substrate may be formed by a diffusion layer (source / drain diffusion layer) having a higher impurity concentration than the electrode diffusion layer. It is something to do.
- the electrical connection from the penetrating electrode on the surface of the semiconductor substrate is performed by the diffusion layer (source, drain diffusion layer) having a higher impurity concentration than the electrode diffusion layer.
- the extraction port for extracting the electrode from the through electrode on the surface or the back surface of the semiconductor substrate has a plurality of extraction ports or electrodes per one through electrode. It is.
- the through electrode for power supply wiring can connect the plurality of extraction electrodes to lower the resistance value, and the through electrode for signal line One signal can be extracted from multiple locations, and it is possible to select a signal line as a branch connection. Ru.
- metal balls such as gold (Au) or the like and an ohmic connection may be disposed on the through electrodes on the back surface of the semiconductor substrate, if necessary.
- Au gold
- ohmic connection may be disposed on the through electrodes on the back surface of the semiconductor substrate, if necessary.
- metal balls such as gold are used as a material compatible with the substrate (through electrode) material. Therefore, the back electrode is taken out from the through electrode. The resistance is lowered, and reliability improvement and high speed operation are possible.
- pads are formed on the back surface of the semiconductor substrate by the through electrodes on the back surface of the semiconductor substrate in addition to the pads on the front surface of the semiconductor device.
- double-sided force can also be connected, many terminals can be provided with a small chip area, which enables cost reduction, chip area reduction, and high-speed operation.
- the pad on the surface of the semiconductor device is not formed as needed.
- the electrode having no insulating opening such as bonding nod on the surface of the substrate, bonding wire etc. It will be a structure without laminates
- the heat dissipating plate can be directly attached to the surface of the semiconductor element, heat generation can be efficiently dissipated.
- sensors such as CCDs and MOSs are mounted using this semiconductor device, the distance between the surface of the semiconductor and the lens can be shortened as in the conventional case, and the system can be miniaturized.
- the semiconductor element having the pad on the back surface is disposed in the uppermost layer, and the semiconductor element having the pad on the surface is disposed in the lower layer to form a laminated structure. is there.
- the semiconductor interposer In the semiconductor interposer according to the present invention, only the metal wiring is formed without forming the Tr. In the semiconductor element, and only the lead-out electrode of the through electrode is formed on the back surface of the semiconductor substrate. Thus, in the present invention, the semiconductor interposer is Not formed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate, but only metal wiring is formed, and a semiconductor element can be mounted on the surface (rear surface). That is, a semiconductor interposer is used.
- the structure using the through electrode of the present invention makes it easy to take out the electrode from the interposer, and enables cost reduction and downsizing of the system.
- the semiconductor elements described above are disposed and mounted on the front surface and the back surface of the semiconductor interposer.
- the semiconductor element described above is disposed and mounted on the front and back surfaces of the semiconductor interposer to form through electrodes penetrating the front and back surfaces of the semiconductor interposer.
- the penetrating electrode of the semiconductor device injects an impurity to be diffused by a partial force that becomes an opening of the penetrating electrode and diffuses the impurity by diffusion. It forms a PN junction with the through electrode.
- the present invention is a manufacturing method in which impurity diffusion to the through electrode is transferred from the surface of the substrate by using the oxidation prevention film as a mask or the like to transfer a predetermined shape, opened, and diffused through the opening. The process can be simplified and cost reduction and high reliability can be realized.
- the diffusion method in addition to thermal diffusion, lamp annealing, high energy implantation, etc. can be used, and it is not particularly limited to one method (the same applies to the following methods).
- the through electrode of the semiconductor device is embedded with a high melting point metal material in which an impurity to be diffused is excessively contained in a portion to be an opening of the through electrode.
- the impurity is diffused to form a PN junction between the semiconductor substrate and the through electrode.
- the high melting point metal material such as doped silicon
- the through electrode of the semiconductor device etches the semiconductor substrate in the depth direction through the opening of the diffusion prevention film formed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate to form a hole or a hole.
- the impurity is diffused to form a PN junction between the semiconductor substrate and the through electrode, the opening force of the diffusion preventing film is filled with a high melting point metal material, and the surface is polished (CMP etc.) to be flat.
- the through electrode is to etch the semiconductor substrate in the depth direction through the opening of the diffusion preventing film formed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate to form a hole or a hole and diffuse it into the hole or hole.
- Impurities are implanted, and the impurities are diffused by thermal diffusion to form a PN junction between the semiconductor substrate and the through electrode, a refractory metal material is filled from the opening of the diffusion preventing film, and the surface is polished (CMP etc.) It is possible to flatten the surface, transfer the oxidation prevention film from the surface of the semiconductor substrate to a predetermined shape using a mask etc., open it, slightly etch the semiconductor substrate through the opening, and diffuse the through electrode formation. As a result, the process steps can be simplified, cost reduction and high reliability can be realized, and at the same time thin through electrodes can be formed.
- the through electrode of the semiconductor device is formed to penetrate to the back surface of the semiconductor substrate when the through electrode is formed, as needed.
- the depth of the through electrode is diffused until reaching the back surface of the substrate at the time of the through electrode extension diffusion layer, the back surface etching of the substrate after wafer processing (after substrate processing) becomes unnecessary.
- the through electrode can be obtained as it is.
- the through electrode of the semiconductor device is formed without penetrating to the back surface of the semiconductor at the time of forming the through electrode, if necessary. It is As described above, in the present invention, when the through electrode is elongated and diffused, the semiconductor device normally diffuses in the lateral direction by the same distance as the depth because of the nature of the diffusion. Grinding and etching the back surface to a desired thickness, and reducing the diffusion depth can suppress the spread of lateral diffusion ⁇ , which can reduce the chip area and at the same time reduce the diffusion time. The cost is reduced.
- the through electrode of the semiconductor device may be metal wiring on the surface of the semiconductor substrate (poly-Si, polycide, silicide, etc.) during the semiconductor substrate surface processing step. Molybdenum, aluminum, copper, etc.) at least before formation.
- the semiconductor substrate surface processing step includes the steps of: Since at least the through electrodes are formed before the formation of the metal wires (poly Si, polycide, silicide, molybdenum, aluminum, copper, etc.) on the surface, metal wires different from the through electrodes are formed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate.
- a semiconductor device having through electrodes formed in the region or the peripheral region can be easily manufactured.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a through electrode structure of a semiconductor device according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method of manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 1 does not show the N-type MOS Tr. Force, either N-type or P-type MOS Tr. (Inside or outside of the well) or both may be formed (the cross section described below). The same applies to the figures).
- the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1 comprises a transistor (Tr.) 2 and through electrodes 31, 32, 33 on a single crystal semiconductor substrate 1 capable of generating silicon (Si) power.
- a gate 3 made of a refractory metal material of Tr. 2; a refractory metal (poly Si, W, Ti, silicide, polycide, etc.) wiring 5 and a multilayer metal (Al, Cu etc.) wiring 8 which are the same as the gate material
- a part of the protective insulating film 10 is opened, and the top metal of the multilayer metal wiring 8 is exposed, forming a bonding pad 11.
- the back surface of the semiconductor substrate in the lower part of the figure is composed of a back surface insulating film 38 and a back surface electrode metal 40 bonded to the opening 39.
- the semiconductor substrate 1 is P-type, and is formed on the surface from a Tr. 2 force S source 4, a drain 4 and a gate 3.
- the source 4 and the drain 4 have the highest impurity concentration in the N-type diffusion layer compared to the substrate 1, the through electrodes 31, 32 and 33 diffusion layers, and the well diffusion layers 35, 36 and 37. It is made the lowest.
- the P-type MOS transistor with the P-type diffusion layer source and drain is omitted from FIG.
- the wall diffusion layers 35, 36, 37 are the same as those formed at the same time as the formation of the N holes when forming the P-type MOS transistor.
- N-type diffusion layers of through electrodes 31, 32, 33 vertically penetrate the substrate in a columnar shape.
- An insulating film is not interposed between the through electrodes 31, 32, 33 and the P type of the semiconductor substrate 1, and electrical insulation is performed by the PN junction 34.
- the through electrode 31 , 32 and 33 and the semiconductor substrate 1 are made of the same material, and the through electrodes 31, 32 and 33 are formed as diffusion layers of the opposite type to the semiconductor substrate 1 so that the electrical insulation of both can be made by PN junction without insulating film. With this structure, it is not necessary to form an insulating film, which can reduce costs and improve reliability.
- the shape of the through electrode is free and, for example, the small current electrode for transmitting a signal is a thin cylindrical shape like the through electrodes 31 and 32, and the large current electrode such as a power source is thick and elliptical like the through electrode 33. It may be shaped or wall-shaped. That is, by changing the thickness and shape of the through electrode, the through electrode electrical resistance can be lowered, the resistance of the through electrode such as the power supply wiring can be lowered, and the restriction on the layout on the chip can be reduced.
- a free-sized through-electrode can be placed at a location, which can stabilize the operation and reduce the chip area.
- a plurality of extraction electrodes may be provided on the front surface and the rear surface of the large through electrode 33.
- the penetration electrode for power supply wiring can connect the plurality of extraction electrodes to reduce the resistance value, and one signal from the penetration electrode for the signal line can be obtained. Can be extracted from multiple locations, and it becomes possible to select a signal line as a branch connection.
- the wiring from the surface of through electrodes 31, 32, and 33 is directly connected to Tr. 2 through the diffusion layers of well diffusion layers 35, 36, 37 or source 4 and drain 4. 31, a well diffusion layer 35, a path of drain 4) or a structure connected with a multilayer metal wiring layer 8 through a through hole (through electrode 32, whole diffusion layer 36, a path of high concentration diffusion layer 4, through electrode 33, the well diffusion layer 37, and the high concentration diffusion layer 4).
- the lead-out structure is used with the diffusion layer (well diffusion layer, source / drain diffusion layer) used in the Tr. Element without using metal wiring, the chip area is reduced and the wiring resistance is reduced. Cost reduction and high-speed operation become possible.
- the force impurity concentration shown in the order of through electrodes (diffusion layers) 31, 32, 33, well diffusion layers 35, 36, 37, source 4 and drain 4 diffusion layers is the through electrode diffusion. Only the well diffusion layer which is higher than the layer may be used, or only the diffusion layer of the source and drain may be used (the diffusion layer of the well diffusion layer, source and drain is used because it is easy to form and leads to cost reduction). ).
- the electrodes from the back surface of the through electrodes 31, 32, 33 have a structure in which a back surface electrode metal (such as a metal ball) 40 is provided in the back surface electrode opening 39 of the back surface insulating film 38 to take out the electrodes.
- a back surface electrode metal such as a metal ball
- metal balls such as gold are used as a material compatible with the substrate (through electrode) material. It becomes possible to operate.
- the through electrodes 31, 32, 33 are formed up to the surface of the semiconductor substrate 1 and not formed thereon, and various wirings 5 and multilayer metal wiring layers 8 are freely formed thereon.
- FIG. 2 is a view showing a method of manufacturing the cross-sectional structure shown in FIG.
- a diffusion preventing film (Si02) 45 is formed (oxidized, deposited) on the surface of the semiconductor substrate 1, and exposed by a photomask for a through electrode from above, and etched to form an electrode forming pattern. Form an opening 46.
- impurities arsenic (As), phosphorus (P), etc.
- N type opposite conductivity
- the impurity implantation (in the case of arsenic) is preferably at a dose of about 1.0 ⁇ E16 ⁇ E20 [Zcm2].
- high concentration N-type impurities are added to the substrate from the diffusion preventing film opening 46.
- stretching diffusion thermal diffusion, lamp annealing, etc.
- the diffusion temperature is preferably about 950 ° C. to 1200 ° C.
- the depth of the diffusion layer in this case needs to be equal to or greater than the depth of the through electrode (the thickness of the semiconductor substrate 1), and is characterized by reaching the back side of the semiconductor substrate 1.
- the depth of the through electrode is diffused until the through electrode extension diffusion layer has already reached the back surface of the substrate, the back surface etching after completion of the wafer (after the substrate processing process) becomes unnecessary, and the thick wafer is left as it is.
- Through electrodes are obtained.
- N-type diffusion layers of through electrodes 31, 32, 33 are formed.
- the depth of the diffusion layer can be controlled by the extension diffusion time.
- the impurity concentration of the N-type through electrode formed under this condition is 1.0 ⁇ E16 ⁇ E17 [Zcm3], and the resistance value is sufficiently several hundreds of ⁇ . Not limited to numbers: 100 ⁇ or less).
- the dose amount and the diffusion temperature described here can be largely changed depending on the conditions of the impurity used, the device, the electrode resistance, and the like, this is an example, and other conditions are possible. Absent.
- the extension diffusion it is the same as a normal semiconductor process step.
- the well diffusion caulking is started, and the uppermost layer metal wiring, the protective film opening for the bonding pad 11 is started. Proceed to.
- the back surface of the semiconductor element is cleaned, and then a back surface insulator 38 (inorganic material Si02 etc. or organic material etc.) is formed on the back surface of the semiconductor element. Attach to the electrode opening 39.
- the back surface electrode metal 40 may be attached to the mounting side at the time of semiconductor element mounting, and as a result, the metal may be connected to the semiconductor element back surface electrode at the time of mounting.
- the through electrode is formed of the same material as the substrate, when forming the through electrode, the material of the through electrode is ground against the wafer. And processing such as insertion is unnecessary, and can be formed inexpensively and easily.
- the diffusion of impurities into the through electrode is transferred by opening a predetermined shape by using a mask or the like with the substrate surface tension and anti-oxidation film, and diffusion is carried out through the opening. It is a manufacturing method to be carried out, the process steps can be simplified, and cost reduction and high reliability can be realized.
- the distance is usually the same as the depth from the nature of the diffusion. It also diffuses in the lateral direction (broadening and broadening). That is, if the substrate is diffused from the beginning to the back side of the substrate thickness (the force substrate thickness which is usually about 200 to 700 um in the present situation is not outside this range), the present invention can be applied. Becomes about 40 Oum or more. The substrate thickness of the final product is 5 to 70 um (currently this range is large, but the present invention can be applied without this range. The following numerical values are also illustrative and not limited to these).
- the electrode diffusion depth should be deeper than the final thickness of the substrate. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, for example, if the final thickness of the substrate is 50 um, the minimum thickness of the through electrode can be reduced to about 120 um if the through electrode extension diffusion depth is 60 um.
- the process steps after the stretching and diffusion are performed with a semiconductor substrate thickness of about 200 ⁇ m, and after the semiconductor substrate surface processing is completed, the back surface of the semiconductor substrate is ground and etched to obtain the desired thickness. I can do it. By this, it is possible to limit the lateral spread of the through diffusion layer of the through electrode, and it becomes possible to reduce the chip area, and at the same time, it is possible to shorten the diffusion time and to reduce the cost.
- the through electrode may be formed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate.
- the electrical connection from the source can be made with a diffusion layer (source / drain diffusion layer) higher in impurity concentration than the electrode diffusion layer, and the diffusion layer used in the element (well diffusion layer, source / drain diffusion layer) By connecting metal to metal through this, the connection resistance between the through electrode and metal wiring is reduced, and reliability can be improved and high-speed operation can be achieved.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a through electrode structure of a semiconductor device according to the present embodiment
- FIGS. 5 to 7 are schematic flowcharts of a method of manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
- the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment is configured in the same manner as the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment, and in addition, only the boundary region between the through electrode and the semiconductor substrate has a single crystal structure.
- the part is made of the high melting point metal material 41.
- Examples of the refractory metal material 41 include poly Si, polycide, silicide, molybdenum, tungsten, titanium and the like.
- a refractory metal material 41 is embedded in the center of the through electrodes 31, 32, 33, and the periphery of the refractory metal material 41 is surrounded by an N-type diffusion layer, and a PN junction with the semiconductor substrate 1 is obtained. Are electrically isolated.
- the high melting point metal material 41 itself may not be a single crystal, but if the PN junction 34 with the substrate is a single crystal, complete PN junction insulation can be performed.
- a substrate hole 47 is formed in the semiconductor substrate 1 by etching the substrate from the opening 46 of the diffusion preventing film 45 formed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate 1, and an N-type diffusion impurity is formed in the substrate hole 47.
- a high melting point metal (such as doped polysilicon) 41 containing a large amount is embedded.
- through electrodes 31, 32, 33 of the N type diffusion layer are formed around the embedded metal in the P type semiconductor substrate 1.
- the subsequent steps are the same as in the method of manufacturing the semiconductor device of the first embodiment.
- the depth of the substrate hole 47 may be a hole penetrating to the back surface of the semiconductor substrate 1.
- the central portions of the through electrodes 31, 32, 33 are filled with the high melting point metal material 41, and only the vicinity of the interface with the semiconductor substrate 1 is single crystal diffused. Because the structure is composed of layers and a normal PN junction can be obtained, the low resistance of the through silicon via It is possible to operate at high speed. Further, according to the method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to the present embodiment, the high melting point metal material 41 (such as doped silicon) embedded in the central part of the through electrodes 31, 32, 33 is excessively contained in advance and Since this is a manufacturing method in which diffusion is performed on the substrate side, the process steps can be simplified and cost reduction and high reliability can be realized.
- the high melting point metal material 41 such as doped silicon
- a plurality of high melting point metal materials are provided apart from each other in the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment, and the plurality of high melting point metal materials can share the diffusion layer, and the through electrodes are shared.
- the diffusion layer both side forces are connected, electrical short circuit is made, and a single hot electrode is formed as one through electrode, and a plurality of through electrodes with various shapes and cross sections are simultaneously completed on the same semiconductor element. Can do.
- the through electrodes 31, 32, 33 pass through the openings 46 of the diffusion preventing film 45 formed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate.
- the semiconductor substrate 1 is etched in the depth direction to form a hole or hole, and the impurity to be diffused is injected into the hole or hole, and the impurity is diffused by thermal diffusion to form a semiconductor substrate 1 and a through electrode 31, 32.
- And 33, and the high-melting point metal material 41 is filled from the opening 46 of the diffusion prevention film and the surface can be polished (CMP etc.) to make the surface of the semiconductor substrate 1 flat.
- the oxidation prevention film 45 is transferred to a predetermined shape using a mask or the like, the opening is formed, and the semiconductor substrate 1 is slightly etched through the opening to diffuse the formation of the through electrode, thereby simplifying the process step. Cost reduction, high reliability and at the same time the formation of thin through electrodes Become Concert.
- the back surface of the semiconductor substrate can be ground and etched to a desired thickness. As a result, it is possible to suppress the widening due to the spread diffusion, and it becomes possible to reduce the chip area, and at the same time, it is possible to shorten the diffusion time and to reduce the cost.
- FIG. 8 shows a plan layout view of the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
- the surface of the semiconductor element 1 is the periphery where the bonding pad 11 and the like are arranged.
- Region 42, Tr. 2 is arranged in a dense region Tr.
- through electrodes 31, 32, and 33 and a plurality of other through electrodes are disposed, and the location thereof is also disposed in a wiring region 44 which is lined only with the peripheral region 42. It is understood that is possible. This is because the through electrodes 31, 32, 33 stop at the surface of the semiconductor substrate 1, and various wirings 5 and multilayer metal wiring layers 8 can be freely wired on the upper layer thereof.
- the through electrodes can be of various sizes and shapes, the signal line is a thin through electrode 32, the signal line with a large load capacity such as a bus signal is a thick through electrode 31, and the power supply line is a large thick through electrode It is possible to use 33.
- the through electrode is formed before the formation of the metal wiring (poly Si, polycide, silicide, molybdenum, aluminum, copper, etc.) on the surface of the semiconductor substrate.
- the metal wiring poly Si, polycide, silicide, molybdenum, aluminum, copper, etc.
- the metal wiring different from the through electrode is formed on the upper surface of the semiconductor substrate, and the wiring region 43 or the peripheral region 42 of the semiconductor is formed. Since the upper part of the through electrode is overlapped with other signal lines and metal wiring as a power supply line, the chip area is reduced and the cost is reduced, and at the same time, the wiring length is shortened and the speed can be increased. .
- FIG. 9 shows a lamination state diagram of the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
- the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment is configured similarly to the semiconductor device according to the first embodiment, and in addition to the pads on the front surface of the semiconductor device, the pads on the back surface of the semiconductor substrate by the through electrodes on the back surface of the semiconductor substrate. Are formed. That is, conventionally, the bonding wire 26 is connected to the bonding pad 11 on the surface of the semiconductor element, but as shown in FIG. 9, other than this bonding wire, it can also be connected by the back electrode metal 40. Because it can be connected, it can have many terminals with a small chip area, enabling cost reduction, chip area reduction, and high-speed operation. In particular, since the through electrode of the present invention has a high degree of freedom in formation location as compared with the conventional through electrode, cost reduction, It is possible to realize the area reduction and the high speed operation more.
- a single chip is mounted on the board 18 as shown in the left diagram of the figure, and signals and power are supplied from both the back electrode metal 40 and the surface bonding pad 11 from both sides. It is possible, and high speed and low price can be realized when applied to a multi-pin semiconductor.
- the middle figure in the figure is an example in which semiconductor elements are stacked and both the back electrode metal 40 and the bonding pad 11 are used, and the right figure in the figure is stacked and the lower signal is through the through electrode at the top. , It is an example of the wiring method of transmitting the signal of the upper part to the lower part.
- the semiconductor elements according to the present embodiment are vertically stacked, and signals are exchanged between the semiconductor elements, or wires connected to the semiconductor elements located on the upper (lower) side.
- the present invention can be carried out through the through electrode of the present invention, and a laminated semiconductor can be easily realized, and a cost reduction, high density mounting, high speed operation, and a highly reliable system can be realized.
- FIG. 10 shows a cross-sectional view of the assembled mounting structure of the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
- the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment is configured in the same manner as the semiconductor device according to the fourth embodiment, and additionally has a configuration in which the pad on the surface of the semiconductor device is not formed.
- the distance between the semiconductor surface and the lens is short because the bonding wire 26 is not as in the prior art. It is possible to make the system smaller.
- the semiconductor element surface 25 needs to be protected by a transparent transmission material 27 in the light source direction.
- the surface electrode of the semiconductor surface is an obstacle. Therefore, a short focus optical system can be realized by the configuration as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the through electrode structure of the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 13 is a stacked state diagram of the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment.
- the semiconductor interposer In the semiconductor device according to the present embodiment shown in FIG. 12, only the metal wiring is formed without forming the Tr. 2 or the like, and is used as a semiconductor interposer.
- the semiconductor interposer according to the present embodiment only the metal wiring is formed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate 1 without forming the Tr. 2, and the semiconductor element is mounted on the surface (rear surface).
- the through electrode according to the present invention is used, which makes it easy to take out the electrode of the semiconductor interposer, and enables cost reduction and downsizing of the system. Become.
- a semiconductor system according to each of the above embodiments is disposed and mounted on the front and back surfaces of the semiconductor interposer according to the present embodiment, thereby penetrating the front and back surfaces of the semiconductor interposer.
- By having the through electrodes it becomes possible to mount semiconductor elements on the front and back surfaces of the interposer, and the mounting density can be improved.
- An example in which semiconductor elements are mounted on both the front and back surfaces of the semiconductor interposer of the present invention is shown using FIG.
- the DRAM 50 and the Flash 51 are stacked on the top surface of the semiconductor interposer 49 having the through electrodes 31, 32, and 33, and the logic LSI 52, the analog LSI 53, and the driver IC 54 are mounted on the back surface.
- the upper stacked memory group and the lower mounted LSI may be directly connected by the through electrodes in the semiconductor interposer 49, or may be connected by the wiring on the semiconductor interposer 49, so that free connection wiring is possible. It becomes.
- the semiconductor substrate 1 of P-type Si is used and the CMOS structure is shown as an example for the description of the through electrode, but the same applies to the case where the semiconductor substrate 1 of N-type Si is used.
- the structure is possible, and similar through electrode structures are possible in NMOS structure, PMOS structure, bipolar structure, and Bi-CMOS structure.
- a similar structure is possible even if the semiconductor substrate 1 is a compound semiconductor (gallium arsenide, indium antimony, etc.) which is made of Si and similar effects are obtained. It is obvious that
- the back electrode metal and the front electrode metal are separately described in each of the embodiments for explaining the lamination of the semiconductor element, they are the same at the time of completion, and the completed drawings in FIG. 1 and FIG.
- the back electrode metal 40 shown was not attached to the back surface, but at the time of mounting, the electrode metal was attached to the surface of the lower semiconductor element (laminated structure), board, interposer, etc. and mounted from above! ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ It is good even if the semiconductor element is attached (crimping, thermocompression bonding, etc.)! ,.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a through electrode structure of a semiconductor device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a through electrode structure of a semiconductor device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a plan layout view of a semiconductor device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a lamination state diagram of a semiconductor device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a semiconductor device assembly / mounting structure according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a mounting structure in which the semiconductor device according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is applied to a CCD.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a through electrode structure of a semiconductor device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a stacked state diagram of a semiconductor device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a through electrode structure of a conventional semiconductor device.
- FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional assembled mounting structure of a semiconductor device.
- FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of a mounting structure of a conventional CCD.
Abstract
Description
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PCT/JP2005/004124 WO2005086216A1 (ja) | 2004-03-09 | 2005-03-09 | 半導体素子及び半導体素子の製造方法 |
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WO2009130839A1 (ja) * | 2008-04-25 | 2009-10-29 | パナソニック株式会社 | 光学デバイスとこれを備えた電子機器 |
JP2011523203A (ja) * | 2008-05-06 | 2011-08-04 | ガウサム ヴィスワナダム, | 相互接続を伴うウェハレベルインテグレーションモジュール |
US8034704B2 (en) | 2006-12-06 | 2011-10-11 | Sony Corporation | Method for manufacturing semiconductor device and semiconductor device |
US8247841B2 (en) | 2008-12-02 | 2012-08-21 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Semiconductor device and method for manufacturing semiconductor device |
JP2013012758A (ja) * | 2012-08-22 | 2013-01-17 | Renesas Electronics Corp | 電子装置 |
JPWO2011086612A1 (ja) * | 2010-01-15 | 2013-05-16 | パナソニック株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
JP2013524550A (ja) * | 2010-04-12 | 2013-06-17 | クアルコム,インコーポレイテッド | 積層集積回路のための二面の相互接続されたcmos |
JP2013175786A (ja) * | 2006-12-29 | 2013-09-05 | Cufer Asset Ltd Llc | スルーチップ接続を有するフロントエンドプロセス済ウェハ |
JP2013206986A (ja) * | 2012-03-27 | 2013-10-07 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | シリコンインターポーザ |
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US9147641B2 (en) | 2013-02-18 | 2015-09-29 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Semiconductor device |
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WO2018151066A1 (ja) * | 2017-02-16 | 2018-08-23 | 学校法人慶應義塾 | 積層半導体集積回路装置 |
CN112018068A (zh) * | 2019-05-31 | 2020-12-01 | 台湾积体电路制造股份有限公司 | 集成电路及其形成方法 |
JP2021068737A (ja) * | 2019-10-17 | 2021-04-30 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
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US8247841B2 (en) | 2008-12-02 | 2012-08-21 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Semiconductor device and method for manufacturing semiconductor device |
JPWO2011086612A1 (ja) * | 2010-01-15 | 2013-05-16 | パナソニック株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
JP2013524550A (ja) * | 2010-04-12 | 2013-06-17 | クアルコム,インコーポレイテッド | 積層集積回路のための二面の相互接続されたcmos |
CN104882441A (zh) * | 2010-04-12 | 2015-09-02 | 高通股份有限公司 | 用于叠层集成电路的双面互连cmos |
JP2016048780A (ja) * | 2010-04-12 | 2016-04-07 | クアルコム,インコーポレイテッド | 積層集積回路のための二面の相互接続されたcmos |
CN104882441B (zh) * | 2010-04-12 | 2018-10-02 | 高通股份有限公司 | 用于叠层集成电路的双面互连cmos |
JP2013206986A (ja) * | 2012-03-27 | 2013-10-07 | Toppan Printing Co Ltd | シリコンインターポーザ |
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WO2018151066A1 (ja) * | 2017-02-16 | 2018-08-23 | 学校法人慶應義塾 | 積層半導体集積回路装置 |
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KR20200138640A (ko) * | 2019-05-31 | 2020-12-10 | 타이완 세미콘덕터 매뉴팩쳐링 컴퍼니 리미티드 | 후면 기판 관통 비아(tsvs)를 위한 실드 구조 |
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KR102361276B1 (ko) * | 2019-05-31 | 2022-02-10 | 타이완 세미콘덕터 매뉴팩쳐링 컴퍼니 리미티드 | 후면 기판 관통 비아(tsvs)를 위한 실드 구조 |
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JPWO2005086216A1 (ja) | 2008-01-24 |
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