WO2005100823A1 - ピニオンシャフト - Google Patents
ピニオンシャフト Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005100823A1 WO2005100823A1 PCT/JP2005/007563 JP2005007563W WO2005100823A1 WO 2005100823 A1 WO2005100823 A1 WO 2005100823A1 JP 2005007563 W JP2005007563 W JP 2005007563W WO 2005100823 A1 WO2005100823 A1 WO 2005100823A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- pinion
- shaft
- mass
- hardness
- pinion shaft
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
- F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
- F16H55/06—Use of materials; Use of treatments of toothed members or worms to affect their intrinsic material properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D3/00—Steering gears
- B62D3/02—Steering gears mechanical
- B62D3/12—Steering gears mechanical of rack-and-pinion type
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/25—Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/28—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for plain shafts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/19—Gearing
- Y10T74/1987—Rotary bodies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pinion shaft used for a steering device of an automobile, for example.
- the electric power steering device (E P S) is hydraulic, This is preferable in terms of energy saving because the fuel efficiency can be improved by 3 to 5% compared to the water steering system.
- pinion-assist type electric power steering systems have the advantages of being easier to secure mounting space in vehicles and of lower manufacturing costs than rack-assist type electric power steering systems. It is becoming popular.
- the stress and surface pressure acting on the joint between the pinion and the rack par as the steering shaft extending in the left and right direction of the vehicle are hydraulic pressure. Significantly (for example, 6 to 10 times) higher than with a water steering device.
- the pinion shaft of the pinion shaft used in the hydraulic power steering device is also used in the pinion assist type electric power steering device.
- the pinion shaft has a higher wear resistance, strength (including static torsional strength and torsional fatigue strength) and brittleness in medium-sized and higher-sized vehicles with high stress and high surface pressure S. flJ, and as a result, the adoption of electric power steering systems tended to be limited to small cars.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a pinion shaft which is inexpensive and can withstand high stress and high surface pressure.
- the pinion shaft includes a shaft portion and a pinion tooth forming portion connected to the shaft portion.
- the pinion forming portion includes a pinio and a tooth bottom, and the pinion forming portion and the shaft are provided with a hardened layer subjected to induction hardening and tempering. 55 wt%, S i:. 0. 10 ⁇ 0 50 mass 0/0, Mo:. 0. 15 ⁇ 0 2 5 mass 0, B:. 0. 0005 ⁇ 0 005 weight 0 /.
- the surface hardness of the pinion tooth forming portion and the shaft portion is 650 to 760 HV in Vickers hardness.
- the surface hardness of the pinion # forming part and the shaft part was limited to 650 to 760 HV for the following reasons. That is, if it is less than 650 HV, the surface hardness of the pinion tooth forming portion becomes insufficient and the wear resistance to the rack used in combination decreases, while if it exceeds 760 HV, the toughness of the surface layer increases. This is because the strength decreases and the static torsional strength is insufficient. Therefore, by setting the surface hardness of the pinion tooth forming part and the shaft part to 650 to 760 HV, the wear resistance to the rack was increased and the torsional strength against static load was secured.
- a more preferred lower limit of the surface hardness of the pinion ⁇ * forming portion and the shaft portion is 680 HV, a more preferred upper limit is 730 HV, and a still more preferred upper limit is 710 HV.
- the steel further contains Mn: 0.5 to 1.2% by mass.
- the above steel has Cr: 0.5 mass 0 /.
- Cu 0.5 mass 0 /. It is preferable that at least one selected from the group consisting of Ni and 0.5 mass% or less be further contained.
- the steel P: 0. 025% by mass or less, S: 0. 025% by mass or less, T i: 0. 005 ⁇ 0 10 mass 0 I N:.
- C 0.015 mass 0/0 or less and, and C, S i, M n, Cr, Mo, Cu, Ni content and Cr (mass 0/0), respectively a (C), a (S i), a (Mn), a (Cr ), A (Mo), a (Cu), a (N i), and a (Cr), satisfying the following formulas (1) and (2), and the balance is preferably composed of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
- Equation 2 * f value ⁇ 1.0
- the dimensions of the steel material are 20 to 30 mm, and the hot rolling condition is a reduction of 10% or more at a temperature of 850 ° C or less at a temperature of 850 ° C or less.
- the cooling method is blast cooling, air cooling or pivot cooling, which is relatively inexpensive, the hardness after hot rolling is almost determined by the magnitude of C eq.
- Ceq needs to be 0.80 to 0.95. That is, if Ceq is less than 0.80, the hardness after hot rolling does not exceed 24 HRC, and if Ceq is greater than 0.95, the hardness becomes higher than 30 HRC. This is because the hardness becomes too hard, and the I ⁇ decreases and the tooth profile accuracy deteriorates.
- the amount of ferrite in the steel for pinion shafts is almost determined by the magnitude of the f-value.
- the ferrite area ratio required for steel for pinion shafts it is necessary to set the f-value to 1.0 or less. This is for the following reasons.
- the ratio DZR of the effective hardened layer depth D (corresponding to a depth of 450 HV from the surface) to the root of the tooth root is 0.1 to 0. Preferably 5 That's right. That is, when the ratio D / R exceeds 0.5, the distortion force S of the pieo increases. On the other hand, if the ratio DZR is less than 0.1, the pinion tooth may have insufficient static torsional strength and torsional fatigue strength. Therefore, by setting the ratio D / R in the range of 0.1 to 0.5, the distortion of the pinion teeth is prevented while securing the static torsional strength and the torsional fatigue strength of the pinion teeth. .
- a more preferred lower limit of the ratio DZR is 0.2, and a more preferred upper limit of the ratio D / R is ⁇ .4.
- the ratio dZr between the effective hardened layer depth d of the shaft portion and the size r of the shaft portion is preferably 0.05 to 0.6. If the ratio d / r is less than 0.05, the static torsional strength and torsional fatigue strength of the shaft will be insufficient, and there is a possibility that fatigue fracture at the internal origin may occur. On the other hand, 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ having a ratio dZr of more than 0.7 has a drawback that the toughness S decreases, and the manufacturing cost increases, which is not practical. Therefore, by setting the ratio d / r in the range of 0.05 to 0.6, the toughness was secured while securing the static torsional strength and torsional fatigue strength of the shaft.
- a more preferred lower limit of the ratio dr is 0.35.
- a more preferred upper limit of the ratio d / r is 0.5.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pinion assist type electric power steering device to which a pinion shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the pinion shaft.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG.
- Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view along the line IV-IV in Fig. 2.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a test apparatus for a positive input static crush test.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a test device for a reverse input static crush test.
- Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the test equipment for the reverse input test.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a test device for a positive input durability test.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a test device for a reverse input durability test.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of an electric power steering device using a steering rack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- an electric power steering system (EPS) 1 includes a steering shaft 3 connected to a steering wheel 2 such as a steering wheel, and a universal hand 4 connected to the steering shaft 3.
- Shaft 5 which is connected to the intermediate shaft 5 via a self-joint 6, and a rack tooth that engages with a pinion tooth 7a provided near the contact
- the rack member 8 is reciprocally supported in a housing 9 fixed to the vehicle body via a plurality of bearings (not shown). Both ends of the rack par 8 protrude to both sides of the housing 9, and tie rods 10 are respectively connected to the respective ends.
- Each tie rod 10 is connected to a corresponding steering wheel 11 via a corresponding knuckle arm ((to ⁇ ⁇ ).
- the steering shaft 3 is divided into an input shaft 3a connected to the steering shaft 2 and an output shaft 3b connected to the pinion shaft 7, and these input and output shafts 3a and 3b are connected via a torsion bar 12. They are connected to each other so as to be relatively rotatable on the same axis HJ :.
- a torque sensor 13 for detecting a steering torque based on the relative rotational displacement between the input and output shafts 3a and 3b via the torsion bar 12 is provided.
- the torque detection result of the torque sensor 13 is as follows. It is given to ECU (Electronic Control Unit) 14.
- the ECU 14 controls the voltage applied to the electric motor 16 of the steering assist ffl via the drive circuit 15 based on the torque detection result, the vehicle speed detection result given from a vehicle speed sensor (not shown), and the like.
- the output torque of the electric motor 16 is reduced through the S reduction mechanism 17 and transmitted to the pinion shaft ⁇ , converted into the 3 ⁇ 4 motion of the rack par 8, and the steering force S is assisted.
- the reduction mechanism 17 includes a small gear 17 a such as a worm shaft that is integrally rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (not shown) of the electric motor 16, and a zero gear meshes with the small gear 17 a and a pinion shaft 7.
- a gear mechanism including a worm wheel large gear 17b that is integrally rotatably connected to the worm wheel can be exemplified.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the pinion shaft
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view along the line III-III in FIG. 2005/007563
- pinion shaft 7 includes a pinion tooth forming portion 70 and a pair of shaft portions 71 and 72 extending coaxially with axis 90 on both sides of pinion tooth forming sound 70.
- the shaft 71 is composed of a long shaft and is disposed on the intermediate shaft 5 side.
- the shaft portion 72 has a short axis.
- the pinion tooth forming section 70 includes the above-described pinion a in which a plurality of pins are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and a tooth bottom 7 b interposed between the hidden pinion ⁇ * 7 a. .
- the pinion tooth forming portion 70 and the shaft portions 71, 72 are provided with a hardened layer 80 subjected to induction hardening and tempering force S as a surface hardening process. Therefore, a hardness difference is provided between the hardened layer 80 and the inside 81 of the shaft, which is inside the hardened layer 80.
- the steel C 0. 45 ⁇ 0 55 wt%, Mo:. 0. 15 ⁇ 0 25 wt%, B: containing 0. ⁇ 005 to 0 005 mass 0/0..
- the addition of Mo enhances the quenchability, strengthens the inside of the crystal grain boundaries, and improves the resistance of the hardened layer 80 obtained by induction quenching to the effect of the impact stress, thereby suppressing the generation of the blast due to the impact. it can.
- it must be contained in an amount of 0.15% by mass or more. However, if it is contained in a large amount, martensite s is generated in a rolled state and becomes hard, and the exposed I ⁇ is reduced. %.
- the combined addition with B further promotes the toughness of the hardened layer 80 obtained by induction hardening.
- the content must be 0.0005% by mass or more. However, if the content is too large, the crystal grains are coarsened and the toughness is reduced, so the upper limit is made 0.005% by mass.
- Si 0.10 to 0.50 mass%
- Mn 0.50 to 1.20 563
- Si Since Si has a deoxidizing action during steel melting, it is an element to be contained for that purpose. In order to obtain the effect, it is necessary to contain 0.10% by mass or more. However, if the content is too large, the toughness of the steel decreases. Therefore, the upper limit is set to 0.50% by mass.
- Mn has a deoxidizing effect at the time of steel smelting and improves the hardenability of steel, and is therefore an element to be contained. In order to obtain these effects, it is necessary to contain 0.5% by mass or more. However, if the content is too large, the hardness becomes too high. Therefore, the upper limit is set to 1.2% by mass.
- P is an unavoidable impurity, and it is also an element that deviates at the grain boundary to lower toughness and promotes the occurrence of quenching cracks during induction hardening. Since the saturation and cost increase, the upper limit is set to 0.025% by mass.
- S is an unavoidable impurity, and forms sulfide-based inclusions and becomes a starting point of fatigue fracture, thereby lowering fatigue strength. Also, it may cause burning cracks. Therefore, the lower the S, the more preferable the force. Since the machinability decreases when the force becomes extremely low, the upper limit is set to 0.025% by mass.
- T i is an element to be contained for forming T i N to fix N in steel and prevent the generation of BN to increase the effective B amount.
- N is an unavoidable impurity, and forms a nitride-based nonmetal in steel and lowers fatigue strength. Therefore, the upper limit is set to 0.015% by mass.
- Cu may be contained to control the f-value, but if it is contained in a large amount, the hot work: C ⁇ production of the steel is reduced. Therefore, the upper limit is set to 0.5% by mass.
- Ni may be contained to control the f-value, but if it is contained in a large amount, the exposed IJ property of the steel is lowered.
- Cr may be contained to control the f-value, but if it is contained in a large amount, the hardenability of the steel increases, martensite is generated in the rolled state, and the hardness becomes too high.
- the upper limit is set to 0.50 mass%.
- Nb and Ta are elements to be included for the purpose of improving the toughness by finely structuring the structure of the high-perforated fiber-filled layer.However, if the Nb and Ta content is large, the effect is saturated, so the upper limit is set to 0. 20% by mass.
- Zr improves the toughness by finely structuring the structure of the induction hardened layer and forms oxides to form nuclei of sulfides, thereby improving the extensibility of copper MnS to form granular sulfides.
- it is an element to be included for improving the torsional fatigue strength, but the effect is saturated when the content is large, so the upper limit is set to 0.10 mass%.
- A1 has a strong deoxidizing action when smelting steel, and also improves the toughness by reducing the size of the crystal grains.
- the upper limit is set to 0.10% by mass because the inclusion of 12 O 3 -based inclusions increases the fatigue strength.
- C contents of C, Si, Mn, Cr, Mo, Cu, Ni, and Cr (mass 0 /.)
- a (C), a (S i) and a (Mn) are defined as a (C), a (S i) and a (Mn), respectively.
- a (Cr), a (Mo), a (Cu), a (Ni) and a (Cr) are defined as a (C), a (S i) and a (Mn), respectively.
- a (Cr), a (Mo), a (Cu), a (Ni) and a (Cr) and preferably satisfy the following equations 1 and 2.
- the hardness of the intermediate for production after hot rolling is desirably 24 to 30 HRC. If it is less than 24 HRC, the strength S required for the pinion shaft cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 30 HRC, the tool life will be shortened, the cost will increase, and additional time will be required. is there.
- the dimensions of the steel material are 20 to 30 mm, the hot rolling conditions are 850 ° C or less, the reduction in area is 10% or more, and the cooling method is Since it is relatively inexpensive blast cooling, air cooling or pivot cooling, the hardness after hot] is almost determined by the magnitude of Ceq. In order to make this hardness above 24-30HRC, PT / JP2005 / 007563
- Ceq it is necessary that Ceq be between 0.80 and 0.95. That is, if Ceq is less than 0.80, the hardness after ripening does not exceed 24 HRC, and if Ceq is greater than 0.95, the hardness becomes higher than 3 OHRC. This is because it becomes too hard and the received mail drops, resulting in poor tooth profile accuracy.
- the amount of ferrite in steel for pinion shafts is determined by the magnitude of the f value.
- the ferrite area ratio required for steel for pinion shafts it is necessary to set the f-value to 1.0 or less.
- the thread Iya after hot rolling preferably has a three-phase structure of ferrite + norite 10 bainite. This is because, when the martensitic force S3 ⁇ 4E, the hardness after hot rolling increases remarkably and the straightness decreases.
- the maximum pearlite block size in the structure after hot rolling is preferably 100 or less in terms of circle equivalent diameter for the following reason.
- it is effective to reduce the size of yarn J in order to suppress the occurrence of tearing during hobbing.
- the pearlite blocking force S is large, peeling will occur during hobbing, causing tearing.
- the equivalent circle diameter of the pearlite block be 100 ⁇ m or less.
- the surface hardness of the pinion forming portion 70 and the shaft portions 71, 72 is set to be from 650 to 760 HV. That is, if it is less than 65 HV, the surface hardness of the pinion tooth forming portion 70 is not sufficient. T / JP2005 / 007563
- the effective depth of the hardened layer 80 at the root 7b that is, the effective hardened layer depth D of the root 7b (the depth from the surface to the 450 D / R is set in the range of 0.:! To 0.5.
- the ratio D / R exceeds 0.5, the pinion tooth distortion becomes large.
- the ratio D / R is less than 0.1, the pinion teeth may have insufficient static torsional strength and torsional fatigue strength. Therefore, by setting the ratio D / R in the range of 0.1 to 0.5, distortion of the pinion teeth 7a is prevented while securing static torsional strength and torsional fatigue strength of the pinion teeth 7a. I did it.
- a more preferred lower limit of the ratio DZR is 0.2, and a more preferred upper limit of the ratio DZR is 0.4.
- the effective depth of the modified layer 80 at the shaft portions 71 and 72 ie, the effective hardened layer depth d of the shaft portions 71 and 72 and ⁇ r of the shaft portion (Hardened layer ratio) d / r is set in the range of 0.05 to 0.6.
- the ratio dZr is less than 0.05, the static torsional strength and torsional fatigue strength of the shaft portions 71 and 72 are insufficient, and there is a possibility that fatigue fracture occurs at the internal starting point.
- the ratio d / r force exceeds 0.6, the toughness decreases and the production cost increases, which is not practical.
- the ratio dZr in the range of 0.05 to 0.6, the toughness and cost can be maintained while securing the static torsional strength and torsional fatigue strength of the shafts 71 and 72. And practical utility.
- a more preferred lower limit of the ratio d / r is 0.35.
- a more preferred upper limit of the ratio dZr is 0.5.
- the Vickers hardness at a depth deeper than the hardened layer 80 is set to 260 to 300 HV. If the hardness of the shaft portion 81 is less than 260 HV, the strength of the pinion shaft 7 cannot be obtained.If the hardness exceeds 300 HV, the toughness of the entire pinion shaft 7 decreases. In addition, there is a problem that the tool life during hopping is shortened, or machining takes a long time. Therefore, by setting the above range, the strength is secured and the productivity is maintained and improved. It is possible to do.
- a more preferred lower limit of the hardness of the inside 81 of the shaft is 270 HV, and a more preferred upper limit of the hardness of the inside 81 of the shaft is 290 HV.
- the steels of Examples and Comparative Examples of the present invention having the component compositions shown in Table 1 below were each smelted and then formed into a billet, and hot-rolled at a temperature of 800 ° C. or less at a rolling reduction of 15% to a diameter of 2%.
- a material consisting of a 3 mm round bar was formed.
- This material, a non-heat treated steel is machined to produce a manufacturing intermediate having the shape of a pinion shaft, and then the manufacturing intermediate is heated to 900 to 100 ° C. Move! ] Heated, cooled to room temperature with 7 cooling, and subjected to induction hardening treatment. Thereafter, a tempering treatment was performed at an atmosphere temperature of 150 ° C.
- the pinion shaft has a length of 13 O mm, an average diameter of the shaft portion of 15 mm, an outer diameter of the tooth portion of 20 mm, and has five teeth.
- the ratio DZR of the effective hardened layer depth D at the root 7b to the radius R of the root 7b is 0.3
- the effective hardened layer at the shafts 7 1 and 7 2 is DZR.
- the ratio d / r force SO.3 between the depth d and the ⁇ r of the shaft portions 71 and 72 is SO.3.
- a test device as shown in Fig. 5 was used. Both ends of a housing 9 that holds a rack par 8 that engages with the pinion shaft 7 of the embodiment or the pinion shaft of the comparative example were fixed to fixed columns 31, respectively. The rack par 8 was fixed at the neutral position, and drive torque was applied to the pinion shaft 7 from the portal actuator 32 connected to the pinion shaft 7. The drive torque was increased to cause the fracture, and the fracture strength ( ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ) was measured.
- Table 2 the criteria for ⁇ , ⁇ , and X are as follows.
- a test device as shown in FIG. 7 was used. Both ends of a housing 9 that holds a rack par 8 that engages with the pinion shaft 7 of the embodiment or the pinion shaft of the comparative example were fixed to a pair of fixed arms 40 fixed to the fixed columns 39. The housing 9 is placed upright so that the side near the pinion shaft 7 faces upward. The pinion shaft 7 is fixed to the fixed column 41 in the neutral position. The receiving member 42 was fixed to the end of the rack par 8 near the pinion shaft 7.
- a weight 44 supported by a guide par 43 so as to be movable up and down is provided above the receiving bracket 42. 2005/007563
- a load cell 45 is fixed below the weight 44.
- the weight of the weight 44 to which the load sensor 45 is fixed is 0.98 kN, and the distance between the load cell 45 and the receiving sound 42 is set to 20 cm, and the weight 44 and the load sensor 45 are dropped and collide with the receiving device 42. Then, the number of times of drop until the damage was observed was examined.
- the dynamic strain meter 46 was connected to the load cell 45, the output of the dynamic strain meter 46 was recorded on an electromagnetic oscilloscope 47, and the reverse input impact strength (kNX count) was measured.
- the criteria for ⁇ , ⁇ , and X are as follows.
- a test device as shown in FIG. 8 was used. Both ends of a housing 9 holding a rack par 8 that fits with the pinion shaft 7 of the embodiment or the pinion shaft of the comparative example were fixed to fixed columns 54, respectively. Servo actuators 55 were connected to both ends of the rack bar 8, respectively. A rotary actuator 58 is connected to the pinion shaft 7 via a joint 56 and a torque meter 57, and a driving torque is applied to the pinion shaft 7 by the rotary actuator 58. The driving torque was 5 ON ⁇ m and the number of repetitions was 30,000 at a frequency of 0.15 Hz. After the test was completed, the amount of abrasion at the portion where the rack teeth were fitted was measured. In Table 2, the criteria for large, medium, and small wear are as follows.
- a test device as shown in FIG. 9 was used. Both ends of a housing 9 holding a rack par 8 that fits with the pinion shaft 7 of the embodiment or the pinion shaft of the comparative example were fixed to fixed columns 59, respectively.
- the pinion shaft 7 was fixed to the neutral position via the joint 60, and an axial force was applied to the rack par from the servo actuator 61 via the tie rod 10 connected to the end of the rack par near the pinion shaft 7.
- the axial force applied to the rack was 10 kN, and the number of repetitions was 700,000 at a frequency of 5 Hz. After the test is completed, 563
- the tooth profile error after cutting the pinion teeth of the pinion shafts of the example and the comparative example was determined. Specifically, the one with the maximum error (all teeth Max.) Among all the teeth was determined. In Table 2, the criteria for the maximum error are as follows.
- the positive input static fracture strength was 600 N.m or more, and the reverse input static fracture strength was 80 kN or more.
- the wear amount in the input durability test is 20 // m or less, the wear amount in the reverse input durability test is 60 ⁇ m or less, the surface hardness is 650 to 760 HV, and the tooth profile error is 10 ⁇ or less. It was small.
- Comparative Example 1 having a Ceq of 0.78 and slightly lower than Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention has a slightly lower surface hardness of 620 HV compared to Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention.
- the static fracture strength and the reverse input collective fracture strength were lower.
- the amount of wear in the durability test was greater, and the tooth profile error was greater.
- Embodiments of the present invention Comparative Example 2 in which the C content was slightly lower at 0.41% by mass, the Si content was considerably higher at 1.10% by mass, and the f-value was higher at 1.02 compared to As compared with Examples 1 to 5, the surface hardness was significantly lower at 570 HV, the static fracture strength was lower, the reverse input impact fracture strength was much lower. The difference was greater. Comparative Example 3 having a Ceq of 0.98 and higher than Difficult Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention had a lower static fracture strength and a reverse input impact fracture than Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention. Very low strength More wear from endurance test, larger tooth profile error.
- Comparative Example 4 which has a higher C content than Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention, has a considerably lower reverse input power strength than Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention, and further has a tooth profile error. It was big.
- the Mo content force S is slightly less than the examples 1 to 5 of the present invention, and the Ceq force S is slightly lower than the examples 1 to 5 of the present invention.
- the mechanical fracture strength was rather low, the reverse input total fracture strength was quite low, the amount of wear in the durability test was greater, and the tooth profile error was greater.
- the Si content is larger than the Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention, and the B content is higher than the Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention.
- Comparative Example 7 which had less than 5, had lower static breaking strength (corresponding to torsional strength) and much lower reverse input breaking strength than Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention.
- the Ti content and the N content of Comparative Example 8 which is higher than Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention, are higher in static fracture strength (corresponding to torsional strength) than Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention. And the reverse input crush strength was lower.
- Example 6- L1 was made as shown in the following Table 3 except that only DZR was different from that of Example 1. L1 was prepared, and positive input static fracture test and tooth profile accuracy measurement similar to the above were performed. As a result of the test, the skirts shown in Table 3 were obtained. Hardened layer ratio
- Example 11 shows the results of Examples 11 to 15 in which the positive input static rupture test and the torsion fatigue test shown below were performed. The results shown were obtained.
- Torsional Fatigue Test torsional fatigue test specimen was carried out torsional fatigue test to a specimen (a flat smooth specimens 100 mm long with a diameter of ⁇ 12 mm), saying a time intensity of 10 5 cycles Whip.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/594,629 US20070175288A1 (en) | 2004-04-14 | 2005-04-14 | Pinion shaft |
EP05734260A EP1757842A4 (en) | 2004-04-14 | 2005-04-14 | GEAR SHAFT |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2004119360A JP2005299854A (ja) | 2004-04-14 | 2004-04-14 | ピニオンシャフト |
JP2004-119360 | 2004-04-14 |
Publications (1)
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WO2005100823A1 true WO2005100823A1 (ja) | 2005-10-27 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
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PCT/JP2005/007563 WO2005100823A1 (ja) | 2004-04-14 | 2005-04-14 | ピニオンシャフト |
Country Status (5)
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---|---|
US (1) | US20070175288A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1757842A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2005299854A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100451394C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005100823A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007177941A (ja) * | 2005-12-28 | 2007-07-12 | Nsk Ltd | ラックアンドピニオン式ステアリング装置 |
JP5673013B2 (ja) * | 2010-11-24 | 2015-02-18 | 日本精工株式会社 | トロイダル型無段変速機 |
JP5945764B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-21 | 2016-07-05 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | パワーステアリング装置 |
JP6149927B2 (ja) * | 2013-04-10 | 2017-06-21 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | ステアリングラックバー用圧延丸鋼材およびステアリングラックバー |
CN106282854A (zh) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-01-04 | 合肥万向钱潮汽车零部件有限公司 | 汽车传动齿轮轴 |
JP6974983B2 (ja) * | 2017-08-25 | 2021-12-01 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | 転がり摺動部材及びその製造方法、並びに、当該転がり摺動部材を備えた転がり軸受 |
JP6939291B2 (ja) * | 2017-09-07 | 2021-09-22 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | ラックアンドピニオン式操舵装置及びラックアンドピニオン式操舵装置の製造方法 |
WO2020209320A1 (ja) * | 2019-04-10 | 2020-10-15 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 鋼軸部品 |
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US2207289A (en) | 1937-01-09 | 1940-07-09 | Timken Roller Bearing Co | Ferrous bearing member |
JPH10324946A (ja) * | 1997-05-27 | 1998-12-08 | Komatsu Ltd | 鋼管用高強度非調質鋼 |
JPH11269601A (ja) * | 1998-01-19 | 1999-10-05 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 高周波焼入れ性に優れた冷間加工用鋼並びに機械構造用部品及びその製造方法 |
JPH11269552A (ja) * | 1998-03-25 | 1999-10-05 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | 伸びフランジ性に優れた中・高炭素鋼板の製造法 |
JP2000144307A (ja) * | 1998-11-09 | 2000-05-26 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 高周波焼入れ性に優れた冷間加工用鋼及び機械構造用部品並びにその製造方法 |
JP2002069566A (ja) | 2000-08-30 | 2002-03-08 | Nippon Steel Corp | 捩り疲労特性に優れた高周波焼入れ用鋼ならびに高周波焼入れ部品 |
JP2002194482A (ja) | 2000-12-22 | 2002-07-10 | Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd | 高周波焼入れ用鋼 |
JP2002332535A (ja) * | 2001-05-10 | 2002-11-22 | Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd | 被削性に優れた高強度高周波焼入用鋼 |
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JP2004027292A (ja) | 2002-06-25 | 2004-01-29 | Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd | 高強度非調質鋼 |
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JP3593255B2 (ja) * | 1998-04-17 | 2004-11-24 | 山陽特殊製鋼株式会社 | 高強度シャフトの製造方法 |
CN1113973C (zh) * | 1999-01-28 | 2003-07-09 | 住友金属工业株式会社 | 机械结构用钢材 |
US6319337B1 (en) * | 1999-02-10 | 2001-11-20 | Ntn Corporation | Power transmission shaft |
US6740175B2 (en) * | 2001-02-01 | 2004-05-25 | Sanyo Special Steel Co., Ltd. | High strength steel for induction hardening |
JP2002286115A (ja) * | 2001-03-23 | 2002-10-03 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 高強度歯車及びその製造方法 |
CN1116430C (zh) * | 2001-08-06 | 2003-07-30 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | 大线能量焊接非调质高韧性低温钢及其生产方法 |
-
2004
- 2004-04-14 JP JP2004119360A patent/JP2005299854A/ja not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-04-14 WO PCT/JP2005/007563 patent/WO2005100823A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-04-14 CN CNB200580011267XA patent/CN100451394C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-04-14 EP EP05734260A patent/EP1757842A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-04-14 US US10/594,629 patent/US20070175288A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US2207289A (en) | 1937-01-09 | 1940-07-09 | Timken Roller Bearing Co | Ferrous bearing member |
JPH10324946A (ja) * | 1997-05-27 | 1998-12-08 | Komatsu Ltd | 鋼管用高強度非調質鋼 |
JPH11269601A (ja) * | 1998-01-19 | 1999-10-05 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 高周波焼入れ性に優れた冷間加工用鋼並びに機械構造用部品及びその製造方法 |
JPH11269552A (ja) * | 1998-03-25 | 1999-10-05 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | 伸びフランジ性に優れた中・高炭素鋼板の製造法 |
JP2000144307A (ja) * | 1998-11-09 | 2000-05-26 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 高周波焼入れ性に優れた冷間加工用鋼及び機械構造用部品並びにその製造方法 |
JP2002069566A (ja) | 2000-08-30 | 2002-03-08 | Nippon Steel Corp | 捩り疲労特性に優れた高周波焼入れ用鋼ならびに高周波焼入れ部品 |
JP2002194482A (ja) | 2000-12-22 | 2002-07-10 | Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd | 高周波焼入れ用鋼 |
JP2002332535A (ja) * | 2001-05-10 | 2002-11-22 | Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd | 被削性に優れた高強度高周波焼入用鋼 |
JP2003253395A (ja) * | 2002-03-05 | 2003-09-10 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | 高周波焼入れ部品 |
JP2004027292A (ja) | 2002-06-25 | 2004-01-29 | Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd | 高強度非調質鋼 |
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See also references of EP1757842A4 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1757842A4 (en) | 2007-12-12 |
JP2005299854A (ja) | 2005-10-27 |
US20070175288A1 (en) | 2007-08-02 |
EP1757842A1 (en) | 2007-02-28 |
CN100451394C (zh) | 2009-01-14 |
CN1942692A (zh) | 2007-04-04 |
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