WO2005075705A1 - 金属材の表面処理方法 - Google Patents
金属材の表面処理方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005075705A1 WO2005075705A1 PCT/JP2005/001862 JP2005001862W WO2005075705A1 WO 2005075705 A1 WO2005075705 A1 WO 2005075705A1 JP 2005001862 W JP2005001862 W JP 2005001862W WO 2005075705 A1 WO2005075705 A1 WO 2005075705A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metal material
- resin
- heat treatment
- treatment
- amino resin
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G5/00—Cleaning or de-greasing metallic material by other methods; Apparatus for cleaning or de-greasing metallic material with organic solvents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/34—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in more than one step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/30—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for crankshafts; for camshafts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a surface treatment method applied to a surface of a metal material.
- the sliding contact surface with which another prescribed member slides is provided with abrasion resistance, toughness,
- Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-29445 discloses that a certain type of steel, such as a steel having a high content of 1 " ⁇ ] ⁇ 1, etc., has a hydrogen ion or ammonia ion peak. Therefore, there is a disadvantage that the passivation film is insufficiently removed, which results in an insufficient thickness of the compound layer formed by the subsequent plasma nitriding. In some cases, there is a concern that a site where a compound layer is not formed may occur.
- a general object of the present invention is to enable a passive film existing on the surface of a metal material to be easily and easily removed regardless of the material of the metal material, and to be carried out in a safe environment. It is an object of the present invention to provide a surface treatment method for a metal material that can be performed.
- a main object of the present invention is to provide a surface treatment method for a metal material capable of continuously performing various surface treatments such as nitriding or carbonization after removing a passivation film.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a surface treatment method for a metal material that can improve the hardness of various metal materials to the inside and that can be easily and simply performed in a safe environment. Is to do. Disclosure of the invention
- a surface treatment method for treating a surface by heating a metal material for treating a surface by heating a metal material
- a surface treatment method for a metal material in which a heat treatment is performed on the metal material in a place where an amino resin is present to remove a passivation film.
- amino resins have no toxicity. Therefore, work can be performed in a safe environment. Since the amount of HCN generated is as small as several thousand ppm, and it is immediately decomposed into nitrogen and carbon dioxide gas when the exhaust gas is burned, there is no particular need to install abatement equipment.
- the disappearance of the passivation film proceeds, for example, during the heating process during the heating to the temperature at which the nitriding treatment or the carburizing treatment is performed. That is, according to the present invention, the passivation film can be eliminated during the temperature raising process when performing various surface treatments such as nitriding treatment and carburizing treatment. Therefore, there is no need to perform a temperature holding process for removing the passivation film. For this reason, there is no particular decrease in the efficiency of various surface treatments associated with the removal of the passivation film.
- the amino resin is thermally decomposed into a gas phase, and exists as an atmospheric gas around the metal material.
- the amino resin may be applied, for example, to the surface of a metal material. After that, if a surface treatment such as nitriding treatment or carburizing treatment is applied, various metal materials having a hardened layer with a higher hardness and a larger thickness than the surface-treated metal material in the absence of amino resin can be obtained. Can be obtained quickly. That is, the passivation film can be easily and simply and quickly removed.
- a surface treatment such as nitriding treatment or carburizing treatment
- the amino-based luster it is preferable to apply the amino-based luster to the surface of the metal material via a solvent. This is because coating unevenness is less likely to occur, so that the passivation film can be substantially uniformly removed.
- the amino resin may be housed in a heat treatment furnace together with the metal material and subjected to heat treatment. Also in this case, the passivation film can be easily and simply removed in a safe working environment.
- the amino resin refers to a resin obtained by polycondensing an amino group with formaldehyde. Typical examples thereof include a melamine resin, a urea resin, an aniline resin and a formalin resin.
- preferable examples of the metal material subjected to the surface treatment include a Fe alloy, a Ni alloy, an A 1 alloy, a Cu alloy, and a Zn alloy.
- a hardened layer or a compound layer can be formed on the surface of the metal material to modify the surface of the metal material.
- a hardened layer or a compound layer may be formed on the surface of the metal material while removing the passivation film.
- the hardness of the metal material subjected to the heat treatment in the presence of the amino resin is improved as compared to the metal material subjected to the heat treatment in the absence of the amino resin.
- the area where the hardness is improved extends further inside.
- the heat treatment may be performed in the presence of the amino resin, and there is no particular need to strictly control the types and ratios of the gases used, the reaction temperature, the reaction time, and the like. According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the hardness of various types of metal materials.
- the metal material subjected to the heat treatment in the absence of the amino resin is improved as compared with.
- the area where the hardness is improved extends further into the interior.
- Metal materials with excellent hardness have excellent wear resistance and strength. That is, according to the metal material surface treatment method of the present invention, a high-strength metal material that is not easily worn can be obtained.
- Examples of the reforming treatment include a nitriding treatment.
- ammonia gas, RX gas, or the like may be circulated during the heat treatment.
- a carburizing gas may be passed during the heat treatment.
- the metal material can be carburized.
- Figure 1 shows the steel material after the immobilized ii film has been removed and subjected to nitriding treatment, and the normal nitriding treatment.
- 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the distance from the surface and Vickers hardness of the applied steel material.
- Figure 2 is an optical micrograph (magnification 400x) of a cross section showing the compound layer in the surface layer of the 3ONi15Cr material that has been subjected to gas nitrocarburizing treatment with no amino resin applied. is there.
- Figure 3 is an optical micrograph (magnification 400x) showing the compound layer formed on the 30Ni15Cr material after gas passivation after the passivation film was removed. is there.
- Fig. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the distance from the surface and the hardness of the steel after the carburizing treatment with the passivation film removed and the steel with the normal carburizing treatment.
- Figure 5 shows the material of the crankshaft and engine valve, and the thickness, surface hardness, and diffusion layer depth of the compound layer or nitride layer after gas nitrocarburizing in the presence of melamine resin.
- 5 is a chart showing a comparison with a case where a gas soft nitriding treatment is performed under the condition where no resin is present.
- the surface treatment method according to the present embodiment includes a first step of applying an amino resin to the surface of a metal material, and a second step of heat-treating the metal material to which the amino resin has been applied.
- a description will be given of an example in which a gas soft nitriding treatment is performed on the metal material using a mixed gas of ammonia gas and RX gas.
- the metal material a member having a passivation film made of an oxide on its surface is selected.
- the passivation film is usually spontaneously generated by oxidizing the metal material with oxygen in the air.
- Examples of this type of metal material include a material made of a Fe alloy or a Ni alloy.
- the member made of the Fe alloy is not particularly limited, A preferred example is a member made of steel—a member made of steel, more specifically, a crankshaft that constitutes an internal combustion engine of an automobile.
- the member made of the Ni alloy is not particularly limited, but an engine pulp made of a so-called superalloy described as 30Ni15Cr material or the like can be exemplified. Of course, 75Nil 5Cr material or the like may be used.
- an amino resin refers to a resin obtained by polycondensing an amino group (-NH 2 ) with formaldehyde, and a typical example thereof is melamine represented by the following structural formula (1).
- Resin, urea resin represented by structural formula (2), ananiline resin represented by structural formula (3), and formalin resin are commercially available in solid or powder form.
- a typical example is a melamine formalin resin whose composition formula is represented by (C 6 H 3 N 9 ) n .
- the above-described amino resin powder may be directly applied to the surface of the metal material, but the powder is dispersed in a solvent such as water to prepare a suspension.
- a suspension is applied.
- the coating may be performed by a brush coating method using a brush.
- a known coating technique other than the brush coating method may be adopted.
- the metal material to which the amino resin is applied directly is subjected to heat treatment in a heat treatment furnace in a second step.
- the heat treatment furnace may be heated.
- the passivation film existing on the surface of the metal material can be formed by a very simple operation of applying the amino resin to the metal material and then heat-treating the metal material. Can be easily removed.
- existing facilities such as heat treatment furnaces can be used, which may require special capital investment. Absent.
- the amino resin since the amino resin has no toxicity, the work can be performed in a safe environment.
- the decomposed amino resin finally becomes a gaseous phase and exists as an atmospheric gas in the heat treatment furnace.
- nitriding of the metal material is performed following the removal of the passivation film. That is, the temperature is raised to reach a predetermined temperature, and the temperature is maintained for a certain period of time while flowing a mixed gas of ammonia gas and RX gas.
- the temperature and the holding time depend on the type of the metal material, for example, the holding may be performed at 600 ° C. for 2.5 hours.
- the surface of the exposed metal material is nitrided by N released from the amino resin or N of the ammonia gas. At this time, since the passivation film has already disappeared, N does not need to pass through the passivation film. Therefore, the time required for the nitriding treatment can be reduced, and the heat energy can be reduced.
- the passivation film can be removed during the heating process for performing the nitriding treatment, there is no need to perform a special heat treatment process such as maintaining the temperature at a constant temperature to remove the passivation film. Therefore, the efficiency of the nitriding treatment does not decrease as the passivation film is removed with the amino resin.
- N penetrates and diffuses from the surface of the metal material to the inside, thereby forming a compound layer.
- the thickness of the layer of the bonded material in other words, the diffusion distance of nitrogen in the metal material is smaller than that in the case where the gas soft nitriding treatment is performed under the same conditions except that the amino resin is not present. It becomes remarkably large. That is, if the passivation film is removed in the presence of an amino resin and then nitriding is performed, the thickness of the compound layer can be increased, and as a result, the metal material is hardened to the inside. can do.
- the thickness of the compound layer formed by ordinary gas nitrocarburizing is about 15 m, while melamine formalin resin is used.
- the thickness of the compound layer can be set to about 25. That is, a crank subjected to normal gas nitrocarburizing It is possible to obtain a crankshaft having a higher hardness inside than the shaft.
- the Vickers hardness measured from the surface to the inside of the steel material subjected to the normal gas nitrocarburizing treatment and the steel material subjected to the gas nitrocarburizing treatment after the melamine formalin resin was applied is shown in FIG. Shown in 1.
- the pressing load of the indenter at the time of measurement was 300 g. From FIG. 1, it is clear that the hardness of the steel material, and eventually the metal material, can be improved from the surface to the inside by applying the melamine resin.
- the metal material is a Fe alloy
- EPMA electron probe microanalyzer
- the compound layers are formed only in a dotted manner, and the thickness is at most about 3.75 z / m.
- the heat treatment is carried out at 60 for 2.5 hours while flowing a mixed gas of ammonia gas and RX gas by an easy and simple method.
- a compound layer can be provided over the entire surface of the engine valve.
- its thickness is about 37.5 m, which is about 10 times that of the case without coating.
- a metal material that is difficult to nitridate for example, a 75Ni15Cr material, a compound layer having a thickness of about 5 m can be obtained by heat treatment under the same conditions.
- the heat treatment is performed after the amino resin is applied to the surface of the metal material directly or via a solvent, so that the entire passivation film of the metal material is reduced. It can be removed easily and easily. Therefore, when the metal material is subjected to the nitriding treatment, the degree of the nitriding becomes substantially equal. That is, it is possible to avoid uneven thickness of the compound layer and to avoid generation of a portion where the compound layer is not formed, and also obtain a metal material having a large thickness of the compound layer and having a high hardness to the inside. be able to.
- a pretreatment such as removing the oxide film with hydrofluoric acid or the like. For this reason, there is an advantage that work can be performed in a safe environment.
- the same work as the first step of the first embodiment is performed. That is, the amino resin is applied to the surface of the metal material.
- a carburizing gas is flowed.
- a gas generally used in gas carburizing for example, propane gas, butane gas, RX gas, or so-called enriched gas may be used.
- the heat treatment conditions can be set, for example, to be maintained at 920 to 950 ° (for 1.5 hours. After that, the calcination is performed by maintaining the temperature at 850 ° C for 1 hour. An input process may be performed.
- Carburization proceeds by the diffusion of carbon through the metal material.
- the metal material is a Fe alloy, carburization proceeds rapidly.
- the diffusion distance of carbon in other words, the thickness of the hardened hardened layer, is greater than that of the metal material carburized without applying the amino resin. growing.
- the thickness of the effective hardened layer is about 0.5 mm in a carburized metal material without the application of an amino resin
- the passivation film is formed by applying a melamine formalin resin.
- the thickness of the effective hardened layer in the metal material obtained by removing and then carburizing is significantly increased to about 1.6 mm.
- the amino resin may be housed in a container, and then the container may be inserted into the heat treatment furnace together with the metal material. That is, in the present invention, the amino resin only needs to be present in the heat treatment furnace during the heat treatment, and it is not particularly necessary to apply the amino resin to the surface of the metal material.
- the amount of the amino resin may be about 1 to 10% per 1 kg of the metal material.
- the metal material is 10 kg
- 1 to 10% Z kg of the amino resin may be contained in a container and placed in the heat treatment furnace.
- the metal material is an engine valve made of 75Ni15Cr material
- 5% of the mass of the engine valve is inserted into a heat treatment furnace, and the temperature is raised.
- a compound layer having a thickness of about 5 m can be provided.
- the surface treatment performed in the presence of the amino resin is not limited to the nitriding treatment or the carburizing treatment, and other surface treatments can be performed.
- the steel material may be subjected to induction hardening.
- the thickness of the effective hardened layer of steel subjected to induction hardening without the amino resin applied is about 9 mm, whereas the thickness of the effective hardened layer of melamine formalin resin applied to the steel surface is about 9 mm. It is about 1 lmm, which is larger than the case without coating.
- a sulfurizing treatment may be performed.
- the passivation film can be easily and simply removed from the surfaces of various types of metal materials.
- the heat treatment may be performed in the presence of the amino resin, and there is no particular need to strictly control the type and ratio of the gases used, the reaction temperature, the reaction time, and the like.
- various amino resins are not toxic as can be understood from the product safety data sheet. Therefore, work can be performed in a safe environment.
- various surface treatments are performed after the passivation film is removed. However, the surface treatment may be performed while removing the passivation film.
- a gas soft nitriding treatment was performed at 600 ° C. for 2 hours.
- gas nitrocarburizing was performed under the same conditions except that the melamine resin was not placed in the heat treatment furnace.
- the thickness and surface hardness of the compound layer or nitride layer in crankshafts and engine valves that have been subjected to gas nitrocarburizing in the presence of melamine resin, and the diffusion layer depth in crankshafts, under conditions where no melamine resin is present Fig. 5 also shows the multiples of the crankshaft and the engine valve after gas nitrocarburizing. It is apparent from FIG.
- the thickness or surface hardness of the compound or nitride can be increased by performing the nitriding treatment in the presence of the melamine resin. This means that when heat treatment is performed in the presence of a melamine resin, the passivation film is easily lost, and the hardness of various metal materials is improved to the inside.
- the heat treatment is performed on the metal material in the presence of the amino resin.
- the passivation film existing on the surface of various metal materials can be easily removed under a safe working environment.
- a compound layer having a substantially uniform thickness can be formed on substantially the entire surface of the metal material by performing a nitriding treatment at the same time or thereafter.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05709914A EP1712658B1 (en) | 2004-02-04 | 2005-02-02 | Method for surface treatment of metal material |
US10/587,275 US8414710B2 (en) | 2004-02-04 | 2005-02-02 | Method for surface treatment of metal material |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004027475 | 2004-02-04 | ||
JP2004-027475 | 2004-02-04 | ||
JP2004-032120 | 2004-02-09 | ||
JP2004032120 | 2004-02-09 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2005075705A1 true WO2005075705A1 (ja) | 2005-08-18 |
Family
ID=34840133
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2005/001862 WO2005075705A1 (ja) | 2004-02-04 | 2005-02-02 | 金属材の表面処理方法 |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8414710B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1712658B1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005075705A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101892450A (zh) * | 2010-05-11 | 2010-11-24 | 青岛征和工业有限公司 | 发动机齿形链的销轴氮碳共渗处理方法 |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2278038A1 (en) | 2009-07-20 | 2011-01-26 | Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (DTU) | A method of activating an article of passive ferrous or non-ferrous metal prior to carburizing, nitriding and/or nitrocarburizing |
US10110099B2 (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2018-10-23 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Rotor for rotating electric machine |
DE102014204348A1 (de) * | 2014-03-10 | 2015-09-10 | Wika Alexander Wiegand Se & Co. Kg | Messelement aus stahl mit gehärteter randzone |
DK3175012T3 (da) | 2014-07-31 | 2022-08-08 | Univ Case Western Reserve | Forbedret aktivering af selvpassiverende metaller |
CN105695928A (zh) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-22 | 太仓捷公精密金属材料有限公司 | 一种金属制品的氧化方法 |
WO2017197455A1 (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2017-11-23 | Commonwealth Steel Company Pty Ltd | Surface treatment process |
CN112236540B (zh) | 2018-06-11 | 2023-05-16 | 斯瓦戈洛克公司 | 自钝化金属的化学活化 |
CN115427604A (zh) | 2020-04-29 | 2022-12-02 | 斯瓦戈洛克公司 | 使用试剂涂料活化自钝化金属以用于低温氮碳共渗 |
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2005
- 2005-02-02 US US10/587,275 patent/US8414710B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-02-02 WO PCT/JP2005/001862 patent/WO2005075705A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-02-02 EP EP05709914A patent/EP1712658B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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DD296967B5 (de) | 1989-03-08 | 1995-11-16 | Ipsen Ind Int Gmbh | Verfahren zur Vorbehandlung von Eisenwerkstoffoberflaechen fuer das Nitrieren in gasfoermigen ammoniakhaltigen Gasmischungen |
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JPH1018017A (ja) * | 1996-07-04 | 1998-01-20 | Daido Hoxan Inc | オーステナイト系金属に対する浸炭処理方法およびそれによって得られたオーステナイト系金属製品 |
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Title |
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See also references of EP1712658A4 |
Cited By (1)
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---|---|---|---|---|
CN101892450A (zh) * | 2010-05-11 | 2010-11-24 | 青岛征和工业有限公司 | 发动机齿形链的销轴氮碳共渗处理方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1712658A1 (en) | 2006-10-18 |
US20070157997A1 (en) | 2007-07-12 |
EP1712658B1 (en) | 2011-07-13 |
EP1712658A4 (en) | 2008-12-10 |
US8414710B2 (en) | 2013-04-09 |
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