WO2005071138A1 - 基板処理方法及び触媒処理液及び基板処理装置 - Google Patents
基板処理方法及び触媒処理液及び基板処理装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005071138A1 WO2005071138A1 PCT/JP2005/001167 JP2005001167W WO2005071138A1 WO 2005071138 A1 WO2005071138 A1 WO 2005071138A1 JP 2005001167 W JP2005001167 W JP 2005001167W WO 2005071138 A1 WO2005071138 A1 WO 2005071138A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02041—Cleaning
- H01L21/02057—Cleaning during device manufacture
- H01L21/02068—Cleaning during device manufacture during, before or after processing of conductive layers, e.g. polysilicon or amorphous silicon layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1619—Apparatus for electroless plating
- C23C18/1632—Features specific for the apparatus, e.g. layout of cells and of its equipment, multiple cells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
- C23C18/1689—After-treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C18/1803—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces
- C23C18/1824—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of metallic material surfaces or of a non-specific material surfaces by chemical pretreatment
- C23C18/1837—Multistep pretreatment
- C23C18/1844—Multistep pretreatment with use of organic or inorganic compounds other than metals, first
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02041—Cleaning
- H01L21/02057—Cleaning during device manufacture
- H01L21/02068—Cleaning during device manufacture during, before or after processing of conductive layers, e.g. polysilicon or amorphous silicon layers
- H01L21/02074—Cleaning during device manufacture during, before or after processing of conductive layers, e.g. polysilicon or amorphous silicon layers the processing being a planarization of conductive layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/283—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
- H01L21/288—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a liquid, e.g. electrolytic deposition
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67005—Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67011—Apparatus for manufacture or treatment
- H01L21/67017—Apparatus for fluid treatment
- H01L21/67028—Apparatus for fluid treatment for cleaning followed by drying, rinsing, stripping, blasting or the like
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76841—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers
- H01L21/76843—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers formed in openings in a dielectric
- H01L21/76849—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers formed in openings in a dielectric the layer being positioned on top of the main fill metal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76841—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers
- H01L21/76871—Layers specifically deposited to enhance or enable the nucleation of further layers, i.e. seed layers
- H01L21/76874—Layers specifically deposited to enhance or enable the nucleation of further layers, i.e. seed layers for electroless plating
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76877—Filling of holes, grooves or trenches, e.g. vias, with conductive material
- H01L21/76883—Post-treatment or after-treatment of the conductive material
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a substrate processing method, a catalyst processing liquid, and a substrate processing apparatus.
- the present invention relates to a substrate processing method and apparatus, and more particularly to an embedded wiring having a conductor (wiring material) such as copper or silver embedded in a fine wiring recess provided on the surface of a substrate such as a semiconductor wafer.
- the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for treating a substrate used for selectively forming a protective film for covering a wiring and protecting the wiring on an exposed surface by electroless plating.
- the substrate processing method and apparatus of the present invention have a function of preventing thermal diffusion of wiring material into the interlayer insulating film or a function of improving adhesion between the wiring and the interlayer insulating film on the bottom and side surfaces of the embedded wiring. It is also used to form a conductive film.
- a process for embedding a metal (conductor) as a wiring material in trenches and contact holes is being used. This is because after embedding a metal such as copper, silver or copper in a recess for wiring such as a trench or a contact hole formed in advance in the interlayer insulating film, the excess metal is removed by chemical mechanical polishing (CMP). It is a process technology for removing and flattening.
- CMP chemical mechanical polishing
- this type of wiring for example, copper wiring using copper as the wiring material, prevents thermal diffusion of wiring (copper) to the interlayer insulating film and improves electrification resistance in order to improve reliability.
- wiring (copper) in an oxidizing atmosphere when forming a barrier film on the bottom and side surfaces of the wiring to improve the wiring, and then laminating an insulating film (oxide film) to produce a semiconductor device having a multilayer wiring structure.
- a method such as formation of an acid-proof film is used to prevent the use of water.
- metals such as tantalum, titanium or tungsten or nitrides thereof have been generally employed as barrier films of this type, and silicon nitrides have been employed generally as antioxidant films.
- FIG. 1A to 1D show an example of forming a copper wiring in a semiconductor device in the order of steps.
- a S i 0 2 oxide film or L ow- k material film such as an insulating film ( An interlayer insulating film) 2 is deposited, and a contact horn hole 3 and a trench 4 are formed inside the insulating film 2 by, for example, lithography and etching techniques, as fine concave portions for a hot spring, and T aN is formed thereon.
- a seed layer 6 as a power supply layer for electrolytic plating is formed thereon by sputtering or the like.
- FIG. 1B copper is applied to the surface of the substrate W, thereby filling the contact holes 3 and the trenches 4 of the substrate W with copper and depositing a copper layer 7 on the insulating film 2.
- the barrier layer 5, the seed layer 6, and the copper layer 7 on the insulating film 2 are removed by chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) or the like, and the copper layer 7 filled in the contact horn 3 and the trench 4 is removed.
- CMP chemical mechanical polishing
- the surface of the insulating film 2 are made substantially flush with each other.
- a wiring (copper wiring) 8 including the seed layer 6 and the copper layer 7 is formed inside the insulating film 2.
- a protective film (cover material) 9 made of, for example, a Co WP alloy is selectively formed on the surface of the wiring 8.
- a protective film 9 made of, for example, a Co WP alloy is selectively formed on the surface of the wiring 8.
- the surface of the wiring 8 is covered and protected by the protective film 9.
- a process of selectively forming such a protective film (cover material) 9 made of a CoWP alloy film on the surface of the wiring 8 by general electroless plating will be described.
- a substrate W such as a semiconductor wafer that has been subjected to CMP treatment is immersed, for example, in dilute sulfuric acid at room temperature for about 1 minute, so that CMP residues such as copper remaining on the surface of the insulating film 2 ⁇ acid on the wiring. The film is removed.
- the surface of the activated wiring 8 is immersed in, for example, a Co WP plating solution having a liquid temperature of 80 for about 120 seconds. Then, the surface of the substrate W is washed with a cleaning solution such as pure water and dried. Thus, the protection film 9 made of a CoWP alloy film is selectively formed on the exposed surface of the wiring 8 to protect the wiring 8.
- a catalyst such as Pd described above uses electrons (e-1) emitted by the etching of wiring (base metal) as the driving force for the reaction in principle, and is based on the general “substitution plating”. Done.
- the catalytic metal (nucleus) 40 such as Pd is applied to the surface of the wiring 8
- the particularly fragile crystal grain boundaries of the wiring 8 as the base metal are excessively etched.
- voids are generated in the wiring 8 due to the over-etching of the wiring 8 and physical properties are deteriorated, thereby lowering the reliability of the wiring 8 and increasing the resistance of the wiring 8, and establishing a practical process. Is difficult.
- a pretreatment unit inside the electroless plating apparatus in addition to the electroless plating unit not only increases the footprint of the apparatus, but also reduces the plating throughput. . Furthermore, if the post-processing of the substrate after CMP and the pre-processing of electroless plating are performed separately with different apparatuses, similar processes will be duplicated and the processing efficiency will also decrease. Leads to Further, in order to prevent the protective film on the insulating film is formed, it is necessary to remove the CM P residue and the like for example, from the remaining copper or the like on the insulating film, which is generally HF, H 2 S_ ⁇ This is done using an inorganic acid such as 4 or HC1. For this reason, when the amount of dissolved oxygen in the processing liquid is large, the surface of the substrate is easily oxidized, which may adversely affect the electrical characteristics of the processed wiring.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances.
- a metal film can be reliably formed by electroless plating on an exposed surface of a base metal without generating voids inside the base metal such as wiring. It is a first object of the present invention to provide a substrate processing method and apparatus capable of improving the power and throughput.
- the present invention can stably form a metal film (protective film) on the surface of a wiring formed by CMP without deteriorating the reliability of the wiring by electroless plating, and further improve the throughput. It is a second object of the present invention to provide a substrate processing method and apparatus capable of performing the same.
- a third object is to provide a substrate processing method and apparatus which can be formed well.
- a substrate processing method comprises: The surface of the substrate is washed with a washing solution obtained by adding a surfactant to an aqueous solution of an organic acid having a carboxyl group or a salt thereof, and the surface of the washed substrate is mixed with a solution containing a metal catalyst ion to mix the washing solution.
- a catalyst is applied to the surface of the substrate by contacting the substrate, and a metal film is formed on the surface of the substrate to which the catalyst has been applied by electroless plating.
- the catalyst application treatment using a treatment solution (catalyst treatment solution) containing an organic acid having a carboxyl group as a chelate allows for a smaller size than Pd ions, for example.
- a large Pd complex is formed.For example, it is difficult for the Pd complex to enter a copper crystal grain boundary forming a wiring or a gap between a wiring and a barrier layer. It is possible to prevent copper and the like from being locally excessively etched along the interface between the wiring and the barrier layer.
- a complex When applying a catalyst, a complex is formed with a wiring material such as copper, and the complex is attached to a wiring surface, a copper crystal grain boundary, a gap between the wiring and a barrier layer, or the like.
- this complex can serve as a protective film. As a result, it is possible to prevent a void from being generated inside a wiring made of copper or the like, and to suppress an increase in wiring resistance.
- a carboxyl group-containing organic acid chelating agent
- a surfactant in addition to the metal catalyst ion, stabilizing the properties of the treatment solution (catalyst treatment solution) and allowing the treatment solution to be circulated. It becomes. That is, as described above, for example, a stable Pd complex is formed with a chelating agent, and the surface tension between the Pd complexes is reduced with a surfactant to reduce the probability that the Pd complexes are combined with each other. In addition, it is possible to prevent the Pd complexes from coalescing with each other to form fine particles and to precipitate or adhere to an insulating film or the like. In addition, a surfactant can reduce the surface tension of the processing solution, for example, increasing the chance that the Pd complex approaches the wiring surface, and effectively replace Pd on the wiring surface made of copper.
- the base metal is, for example, an embedded wiring formed by flattening a surface of a wiring material embedded in a wiring recess provided on a surface of a substrate by CMP.
- a metal film (protective film) can be selectively formed on the exposed surface of the embedded wiring while protecting the wiring from increasing, thereby protecting the wiring.
- the metal 'catalyst ion is, for example, palladium ion
- the solution containing the metal catalyst ion is, for example, a solution obtained by dissolving a palladium salt in an aqueous solution of an inorganic acid or an organic acid. is there.
- the metal catalyst ion there are various substances such as Sn ion, Ag ion, Pt ion and the like, but Pd ion is preferably used from the viewpoint of the reaction rate and other easiness of control.
- Examples of the method of applying the catalyst include (1) immersing the substrate in a processing liquid held in a processing tank, and (2) directing the processing liquid pressurized from a spray nozzle toward the substrate while rotating the substrate. Injecting, (3) Injecting the processing liquid from the nozzle toward the substrate while rotating the substrate held with the surface (the surface to be processed) facing upward, (4) For example, from the nozzle disposed above the substrate, the processing liquid (5) Treatment bath by rotating the substrate made of porous material by rotating the substrate while supplying it or by letting the treatment liquid seep out from the inside of the nozzle. Arbitrary methods such as immersing the substrate in a treatment liquid held while flowing into the inside are adopted.
- organic acid having a carboxyl group examples include citric acid, oxalic acid, malic acid, maleic acid, tartaric acid, daltaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, succinic acid, malonic acid, fumaric acid or phthalenoic acid, or a mixture thereof.
- Organic salt examples include citric acid, oxalic acid, malic acid, maleic acid, tartaric acid, daltaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, succinic acid, malonic acid, fumaric acid or phthalenoic acid, or a mixture thereof.
- the washing liquid further includes a second chelating agent having a group other than a carboxyl group.
- the second chelating agent includes, for example, at least one of aminopolycarboxylic acids, phosphonic acids, condensed phosphoric acids, diketones, amines, halide ions, cyanide ions, thiocyanate ions, thiosulfate ions, and ammonium ions. Consisting of seeds.
- the second chelating agent may be a polyaminosulfonic acid or a methylenephosphonic acid, or an ammonium salt thereof.
- polyaminocarboxylic acids examples include triacetate triacetic acid (NTA;), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), trans-1,2-cyclohexanediaminetetraacetic acid (CyDTA) or N— (2-H Droxechinole) Ethylenediamine _N, N ,, N'-triacetic acid (EDTA-OH :) or a compound containing these.
- NTA triacetate triacetic acid
- DTPA diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid
- EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- CyDTA trans-1,2-cyclohexanediaminetetraacetic acid
- EDTA-OH 2-H Droxechinole
- the surfactant comprises, for example, an ionic long-chain alkyl ester-based surfactant.
- surfactants for example C 9 H 19 PhO (CH 2 CH 2 0) 4 S0 3 H, C 12 H 25 0 (CH 2 CH 2 0) 2 S0 3 HC x 2 H 25 0 (CH 2 CH 2 0) 4 S0 3 H or their ammonium salts, esters of sulfate, primary, secondary or tertiary amine salts, such as C 8 H 17 N (CH 3 ) 3 Br, C 2 H 25 N (CH 3 ) 2 Br.
- sulfuric acid esters for example C 9 H 19 PhO (CH 2 CH 2 0) 4 S0 3 H, C 12 H 25 0 (CH 2 CH 2 0) 2 S0 3 HC x 2 H 25 0 (CH 2 CH 2 0) 4 S0 3 H or their ammonium salts, esters of sulfate, primary, secondary or tertiary amine salts, such as C 8 H 17 N (CH 3 ) 3 Br, C 2 H 25 N (CH 3 ) 2 Br.
- an organic acid having a carboxyl group and a surfactant are added to a solution containing a metal catalyst ion.
- the catalyst treatment liquid preferably further includes a second chelating agent having a group other than a carboxyl group.
- the substrate processing apparatus of the present invention includes a cleaning unit for cleaning a surface of a substrate on which a base metal is formed with a cleaning solution obtained by adding a surfactant to an aqueous solution of an organic acid having a carboxyl group; A catalyst application unit for applying a catalyst to the surface of the substrate by contacting the treatment solution obtained by mixing the cleaning solution with a solution containing metal catalyst ions, and an electroless plating unit for forming a metal film on the surface of the substrate after cleaning; After plating, it has a unit to clean and dry the substrate.
- the substrate processing apparatus further includes a CMP unit for polishing and flattening the surface of the wiring material embedded in the wiring recess provided on the surface of the substrate.
- the CMP unit, the catalyst applying unit, and the electroless angle advance unit in the same apparatus frame, the quality of the metal film that protects the wiring between the process steps can be easily managed. Therefore, the overall throughput can be improved, and the footprint can be further reduced.
- cleaning unit and the catalyzed unit be integrated into one unit.
- the cleaning unit and the catalyst can be applied without raising concerns about cross contamination.
- a post-processing unit cleaning unit
- this integrated unit in an equipment frame in which a CMP unit and an electroless plating unit are installed, for example, a post-processing unit (cleaning unit) that performs post-processing (cleaning) after CMP Can be omitted.
- this integrated unit in, for example, a CMP apparatus, it is possible to install only the cut after the plating process in the electroless plating apparatus.
- the wiring material in the concave portion was formed into wiring.
- the surface of the substrate was brought into contact with a cleaning liquid to remove polishing residues and an oxide film on the wiring surface, and then brought into contact with the cleaning liquid.
- the surface of the substrate is brought into contact with a catalyst treatment liquid to apply a catalyst to the surface of the wiring, and the surface of the substrate provided with the catalyst is washed and dried.
- the surface provided with the catalyst such as Pd is generally more stable than the copper surface. For this reason, the polishing residue on the substrate and the oxide film on the wiring surface are removed immediately after polishing, and the substrate provided with a catalyst on the surface of the wiring is washed and dried. Oxidation can be suppressed. It is preferable that the dried substrate is stored in a storage container whose internal atmosphere is controlled.
- the surface and internal state of the copper wiring are prevented from changing during the storage of the substrate As a result, it is possible to prevent the reliability of the wiring from deteriorating, and from adversely affecting the formation of the protective film later.
- the washing of the substrate surface to which the catalyst has been applied may be performed by rinsing with pure water, or may be performed by rinsing with a chemical solution containing a chelating agent and then rinsing with pure water.
- the storage container can control at least one of internal humidity, temperature, oxygen concentration, and contaminants floating in the air, and is preferably a closed container that can be opened and closed. This stabilizes or improves the state of the board before plating by controlling the interior of the storage container from the outside and controlling the surface and internal state of the copper wiring, for example, to effectively prevent changes. can do. It is preferable to use, as the catalyst treatment liquid, a solution obtained by mixing the cleaning liquid with a solution containing catalytic metal ions.
- a substrate provided with a catalyst in advance on a surface of an embedded wiring formed on a surface of the substrate is carried into an apparatus frame of an electroless plating apparatus, and is carried into the apparatus frame.
- a protective film is selectively formed directly on the surface of the wiring of the substrate by electroless plating.
- Electroless angle Inside the plating apparatus, without applying a catalyst, a protective film is formed directly on the surface of the wiring of the substrate by electroless plating, thereby improving the plating process throughput. This eliminates the need to install a pretreatment unit inside the device, thereby reducing the footprint of the device.
- the substrate to be carried into the device frame of the electroless plating apparatus is stored in a storage container in which the internal atmosphere is controlled immediately before the substrate is carried.
- the substrate on which the protective film is formed is further post-processed and dried.
- the post-treatment of the substrate is, for example, a chemical cleaning treatment or an etching treatment for selectively removing impurities remaining on the non-metal surface of the substrate.
- the post-treatment of the substrate may be a plasma treatment for selectively removing or modifying impurities remaining on the non-metallic surface of the substrate.
- the film thickness and the film quality of the protective film is measured, and the measured value is compared with a target value to adjust the processing conditions for electroless plating in the electroless plating apparatus.
- Still another substrate processing method of the present invention is to provide a substrate on which a wiring recess is formed on a surface and a film is formed while a wiring material is embedded in the wiring recess, and an excess wiring material other than the inside of the recess is prepared.
- the surface of the substrate is brought into contact with a cleaning liquid to remove polishing residues and an oxide film on the surface of the wiring, and is then brought into contact with the cleaning liquid.
- the protective film is directly applied to the surface of the wiring by electroless plating.
- the substrate with the catalyst applied thereto and the surface thereof cleaned is dried immediately after the cleaning, and stored in a storage container whose internal atmosphere is controlled until immediately before the protective film is directly formed on the wiring surface by electroless plating. .
- a substrate processing apparatus of the present invention forms a wiring by forming a wiring concave portion on the surface and removing a surplus wiring material other than the inside of the concave portion of the film-formed substrate while embedding a wiring material into the wiring concave portion.
- the catalyst treatment liquid a solution obtained by mixing the cleaning liquid with a solution containing catalytic metal ions.
- first cleaning unit and the catalyst applying unit are integrated into one unit.
- the first cleaning unit, the catalyst applying unit and the second cleaning unit may be integrated into one unit.
- Still another substrate processing apparatus of the present invention has an electroless plating unit for selectively forming a protective film by electroless plating on the surface of a wiring to which a catalyst has been previously applied in a different apparatus.
- the substrate processing apparatus preferably further includes a post-processing unit that performs post-processing of the substrate after plating, and may further include a measurement unit that measures at least one of the film thickness and the film quality of the protective film. .
- a wiring recess is formed on a surface, and a wiring material is provided.
- a chemical mechanical polishing unit for forming wiring by removing excess wiring material other than in the concave portion of the substrate formed while being embedded in the concave portion for wire, and a polishing residue and a wiring surface by contacting the surface of the substrate with a cleaning liquid.
- a first cleaning unit for removing an oxide film of the catalyst, a catalyst applying unit for bringing the substrate surface into contact with a catalyst treatment solution and applying a catalyst to the surface of the wiring, and a catalyst metal residue for washing the substrate surface provided with the catalyst.
- a chemical mechanical polishing apparatus comprising: a second cleaning unit for removing the catalyst, a unit for applying the catalyst and drying the cleaned substrate surface, and a substrate provided with the catalyst, It has a storage container for storing and transporting, and an electroless plating unit for selectively forming a protective film on the surface of the wiring of the substrate stored and transported in the storage container by electroless plating.
- CMP chemical mechanical polishing
- Still another substrate processing apparatus is a wiring processing method, wherein a wiring concave portion is formed on a surface, and a wiring material is embedded in the wiring concave portion while removing excess wiring material other than in the concave portion of the film-formed substrate.
- a chemical mechanical polishing unit that forms a substrate; a first cleaning unit that contacts the surface of the substrate with a cleaning solution to remove polishing residues and an oxide film on the surface of the wiring; A catalyst applying unit for applying a catalyst to the surface, a second washing unit for washing the surface of the substrate to which the catalyst has been applied to remove catalytic metal residues, and a protective film selected by electroless plating on the wiring surface of the substrate It has an electroless plating unit to be formed on a regular basis and a cut for drying the substrate.
- Still another substrate processing method of the present invention is a method of processing a substrate comprising a nitrogen-containing organic substance and an organic substance having a Z or carboxyl group, which forms a complex with a base metal formed on the surface of the substrate, and a processing liquid containing a catalyst metal ion. Pretreatment of the metal surface is performed, and a metal film is selectively formed on the base metal surface after the pretreatment by electroless plating.
- a metal oxide film on the base metal surface and a CMP residue on the base metal surface are removed.
- a protective layer made of a complex of the metal can be formed on the surface of the underlying metal.
- Nitrogen-containing organic substances are electrostatically adsorbed to the underlying metal because nitrogen in the structure has polarity. This can prevent the catalyst metal from excessively reacting with the base metal.
- the nitrogen-containing organic substance is, for example, a group consisting of quaternary salts of polydianolex / reaminoethyl phthalate, polyallyldimethylammonium chloride, polyethyleneimine, polybutylpyridine, quaternary salts, polyvieramidine, polyallylamine and polyaminesulfonate. And nitrogen-containing polymers selected from
- the nitrogen-containing polymer is added to the treatment solution in an amount of about 0.0 to about lOOppm, preferably about 1 to about lOOppm.
- the molecular weight of the nitrogen-containing polymer is preferably at least 100, more preferably at least 100.
- the organic substance having a carboxyl group preferably has two or more carboxyl groups and a complexing compound for Z or a base metal.
- an organic substance having two or more carboxyl groups is used as a component that forms a complex with the base metal, at least one carboxyl group is adsorbed on the base metal and the catalyst metal reacts excessively with the base metal Can be prevented.
- the organic substance having a carboxyl group is added to the treatment liquid in an amount of about 0.1 to 100 sq./cm, preferably 0.1 to about 0 g / L.
- the treatment of the surface of the base metal with the treatment liquid is preferably performed in a treatment liquid having a dissolved oxygen content of 3 ppm or less.
- the reaction between the underlying metal and dissolved oxygen during the pretreatment is reduced, and the reliability of the underlying metal is reduced. It is possible to prevent the property from being impaired.
- the substrate may be, for example, a semiconductor device having a buried wiring structure, and a wiring of the semiconductor device may be used as a base metal, and a metal film serving as a protective film may be selectively formed on a surface of the wiring.
- the wiring is protected by selectively covering the exposed surface of the wiring with a metal film (protective film) without generating a void inside the wiring.
- FIG. 1A to 1D are views showing an example of forming a copper wiring in a semiconductor device in the order of steps.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a state of a base metal after application of a catalyst in a conventional electroless plating. '
- FIG. 3 is a plan layout view of the substrate processing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart for performing the substrate processing method according to the embodiment of the present invention using the substrate processing apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a front view of the integrated unit of the substrate processing apparatus shown in FIG. 3 when the substrate is delivered.
- FIG. 6 is a front view of the integrated unit of the substrate processing apparatus shown in FIG. 3 during chemical solution processing.
- FIG. 7 is a front view of the integrated unit of the substrate processing apparatus shown in FIG. 3 at the time of rinsing.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a processing head at the time of substrate delivery of the integrated unit of the substrate processing apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion A in FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 9 when the integrated unit of the substrate processing apparatus shown in FIG. 3 is fixed to the substrate.
- FIG. 11 is a system diagram of an integrated unit of the substrate processing apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a substrate head at the time of substrate transfer of the electroless plating unit of the substrate processing apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of part B of FIG.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 13 showing the substrate head when the substrate of the electroless plating unit of the substrate processing apparatus shown in FIG. 3 is fixed.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 13 showing a substrate head during plating of the electroless plating unit of the substrate processing apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 16 is a partially cutaway front view showing the plating tank when the plating tank cover of the electroless plating unit of the substrate processing apparatus shown in FIG. 3 is closed.
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing a cleaning tank for the electroless plating unit of the substrate processing apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 18 is a system diagram of the electroless plating unit of the substrate processing apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 19 is a plan view showing a post-processing unit of the substrate processing apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 20 is a vertical sectional front view showing a drying unit of the substrate processing apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 21 is a plan layout view of a substrate processing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is a flowchart for performing a substrate processing method according to another embodiment of the present invention using the substrate processing apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 23 is a plan layout view of a substrate processing apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 24 is a flowchart showing the operation of the substrate processing method according to the embodiment of the present invention by the substrate processing apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 25 is a plan layout view of a substrate processing apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 26 is a flowchart for performing the substrate processing method according to the embodiment of the present invention using the substrate processing apparatus shown in FIG.
- 27A to 27D are cross-sectional views schematically showing a processing flow in the substrate processing apparatus shown in FIG. 25 in the order of steps.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram schematically showing, in an enlarged manner, the state of the base metal after the catalyst is applied in FIG. 27D.
- FIG. 29 is a graph showing the rate of change of resistance in Example 1, Example 2, and Comparative Example.
- the exposed surface of the wiring 8 as a base metal is selectively covered with a protective film (cover material) 9 made of a Co WP alloy.
- a protective film (alloy film) 9 made of a Co WP alloy.
- the wiring (base metal) 8 is protected by a protective film (alloy film) 9.
- a metal film such as a Co alloy film or a Ni alloy film may be formed on the surface of copper or silver. It is needless to say that the present invention may be applied to an example in which the surface of copper or silver is coated with a metal film.
- FIG. 3 is a plan layout view of the substrate processing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the substrate processing apparatus mounts a substrate cassette accommodating a substrate W of a semiconductor device or the like having a wiring (base metal) 8 made of copper or the like on its surface, which corresponds to the state of FIG. 1C.
- a loading / unloading unit 10 is provided.
- a cleaning unit for cleaning the surface of the substrate W cleaning after CMP or cleaning before plating
- a cleaning unit for cleaning the surface of the substrate W for example, Pd And a catalyst application unit that applies the catalyst, etc.
- Two integrated units (washing and catalyst application unit) are arranged.
- two electroless plating units 16 that perform electroless plating on the surface (substrate to be processed) of the substrate W are formed on the surface of the wiring 8 by electroless plating.
- a post-plating treatment unit 18 for post-plating treatment of the substrate W, and drying of the substrate W after the post-treatment A drying unit 20 and a temporary table 22 to be dried are arranged.
- a first substrate transport robot 24 that transfers a substrate W between the substrate cassette mounted on the load / unload unit 10 and the temporary mounting table 22, and a temporary substrate transfer robot 24.
- a second substrate transfer robot 26 that transfers substrates between the mounting table 22 and each of the units 14, 16, 18, and 20 is arranged so as to be able to travel freely.
- the substrate W having the wiring 8 formed on the surface and dried is stored with the surface of the substrate W facing upward (face-up), and the substrate cassette mounted on the loading / unloading unit 1 ° is loaded. Then, one substrate W is taken out by the first substrate transport robot 24, transported to the temporary mounting table 22 and placed thereon. Then, the substrate W on the temporary table 22 is transferred to the integrated unit 14 by the second substrate transfer robot 26. In this integrated unit 14, the substrate W is held face-down, and on this surface, Cleaning treatment with the cleaning solution (chemicals).
- washing solution a solution obtained by adding a surfactant and, if necessary, a second chelating agent having a group other than the carboxyl group to an aqueous solution of an organic acid having a carboxyl group (first chelating agent) is used.
- organic acid having a carboxyl group examples include, for example, formic acid, oxalic acid, malic acid, maleic acid, tartaric acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, succinic acid, malonic acid, fumaric acid Or phthalic acid, or organic salts thereof.
- the second chelating agent examples include aminopolycarboxylic acids, phosphonic acids, condensed phosphoric acids, diketones, amines, halide ions, cyanide ions, thiosionate ions, thiosulfate ions and ammonium ions.
- the second chelating agent may be a polyaminosulfonic acid or a methylenephosphonic acid, or an ammonium salt thereof.
- Polyaminocarboxylic acids include triacetate triacetic acid (NTA), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), trans-1,2-cyclohexanediaminetetraacetic acid (CyDTA) or N— (2 —Hydroxityl) Ethylenediamine N, N, N, monotriacetic acid (EDTA_ ⁇ H), or compounds containing these.
- NTA triacetate triacetic acid
- DTPA diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid
- EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- CyDTA trans-1,2-cyclohexanediaminetetraacetic acid
- EDTA_ ⁇ H 2- —Hydroxityl
- Examples of methylene phosphonic acids include ethylenediamine tetrakis and compounds containing these.
- the surfactant is preferably composed of a long-chain alkyl ester surfactant.
- the surfactant may be a non-ionic surfactant.
- Nonionic boundary surface active agent sulfuric acid esters, for example C 9 H 19 PhO (CH 2 CH 2 0) 4 S0 3 H, C 12 H 25 0 (CH 2 CH 2 0) 2 S0 3 H, C x 2 H 25 0 (CH 2 CH 2 ⁇ ) 4 SO 3 H or their Anmoniumu salts, sulfuric acid ester first, second, or tertiary amine salt, for example C 8 H 17 N (CH 3 ) 3 B r, C 2 H 25 N (CH 3) 2 B r and the like.
- This cleaning solution is sprayed toward the surface of the substrate W for, for example, one minute to remove the oxides and the like on the wiring 8 by etching, thereby activating the surface of the wiring 8 and, at the same time, remaining on the surface of the substrate W.
- the remaining CMP 'residue is removed, and thereafter, the cleaning liquid remaining on the surface of the substrate W is rinsed (cleaned) with a rinsing liquid such as pure water as needed.
- a catalyst application process for applying a catalyst such as Pd to the surface is continuously performed.
- a solution containing a metal catalyst I O emissions for example, a P d S 0 4 as a catalyst metal source, in solution in an aqueous solution of non-machine acids such as H 2 S_ ⁇ 4, was used to wash the above
- a treatment liquid catalyst treatment liquid prepared by mixing the cleaning liquid is sprayed toward the surface of the substrate W for, for example, one minute, thereby applying Pd as a catalyst to the surface of the wiring 8. That is, a Pd nucleus as a catalyst nucleus (seed) is formed on the surface of the wiring 8, and the exposed surface of the surface wiring of the wiring 8 is activated. Thereafter, the treatment liquid remaining on the surface of the substrate W is rinsed (cleaned) with a rinse liquid such as pure water.
- an organic acid having a sulfoxyl group (first chelate group), a surfactant, and, if necessary, a group other than the sulfuric acid group as a treatment liquid for imparting a catalyst to the substrate.
- a complex (copper complex) is formed with the wiring material such as copper, and the complex is formed between the surface of the wiring 8 and the copper grain boundary, between the wiring 8 and the barrier layer 5.
- the copper complex can serve as a protective film by being attached to such a gap. This prevents a void from being generated inside the wiring 8 made of copper or the like, thereby suppressing an increase in wiring resistance.
- the properties of the treatment liquid are stabilized, and the treatment liquid can be circulated for use. That is, as described above, for example, a stable Pd complex is formed with a chelating agent, and the surface tension between the Pd complexes is reduced with a surfactant, thereby reducing the probability of the Pd complexes being combined with each other. Thus, it is possible to suppress the Pd complexes from being combined with each other to form fine particles and to precipitate, and from adhering to an insulating film or the like.
- a surfactant can be used to reduce the surface tension of the processing solution, for example, to increase the chance of the Pd complex approaching the surface of the wiring 8 and to effectively replace Pd on the surface of the wiring 8 made of copper. it can.
- the catalytic metal ion in addition to the Pd ion in this example, Sn ion, Ag ion, Pt ion, Au ion, Cu ion, Co ion, Ni ion, or the like is used. It is particularly preferable to use Pd ions from the viewpoint of the reaction rate and the ease of control.
- aqueous solution to dissolve the metal catalyst ions in addition to H 2 S0 4 in this example, and inorganic acids such as HC 1, HN0 3 or HF, and organic acids such as carboxylic acid or alkanesulfonic acid is used.
- the substrate W is transferred to the electroless plating unit 16 by the second substrate transfer port pot 26, where the substrate W is transferred.
- This surface is subjected to an electroless plating process.
- the surface of the substrate W is brought into contact with the Co WP plating solution having a solution temperature of 80 for, for example, about 120 seconds to selectively remove the surface of the wiring 8 carrying Pd as a catalyst.
- Electrolytic plating electroless Co WP lid covering
- the composition of the plating solution is, for example, as follows.
- a stop solution composed of a neutral solution of 6 to 7.5 is brought into contact with the surface of the substrate W to stop the electroless plating process.
- the time of this treatment is preferably, for example, 1 to 5 seconds.
- the stop solution include pure water, hydrogen gas-dissolved water, and electrolytically-sworded water.
- the protective film 9 made of a CoWP alloy film is selectively formed on the surface of the wiring 8 to protect the wiring 8.
- the substrate W after the electroless angle plating is applied by the second substrate transfer robot 26.
- the substrate is transported to the post-processing unit 18, where a post-plating process (post-cleaning) is performed to improve the selectivity of the protective film (metal film) 9 formed on the surface of the substrate W and increase the yield.
- a post-plating treatment solution (chemical solution) is supplied to the surface of the substrate W while applying a physical force such as roll scrub cleaning or pencil cleaning to the surface of the substrate W, thereby remaining on the interlayer insulating film 2.
- a post-plating treatment solution chemical solution
- the substrate W after the post-attachment processing is transported to the drying unit 20 by the second substrate transport robot 26, where a rinsing process is performed as necessary. Spin and spin dry.
- the substrate W after the spin drying is placed on the temporary placing table 22 with the second substrate carrying port bot 26, and the substrate placed on the temporary placing table 22 is removed by the first substrate carrying robot 24. Return to the substrate cassette mounted on the load-unload unit 10.
- copper (Cu) is used as a wiring material, and a protective film 9 made of a Co WP alloy film is selectively formed on the surface of the wiring 8 made of copper.
- a Cu alloy, Ag or Ag alloy may be used as a material for the tortoise-based spring, and Co WB, Co P, Co B, Co alloy, Ni WP, A film made of NiWB, NiP, NiB or Ni alloy may be used.
- Integrated unit (Cleaning and catalyst application unit) 1 4 adopts a 2 night separation method that prevents mixing of different liquids.
- the substrate W is fixed by pressing the rear surface side.
- the integrated unit 14 includes a fixed frame 52 mounted on an upper portion of a frame 50 and a moving frame 54 vertically moving with respect to the fixed frame 52.
- a processing head 60 having a bottomed cylindrical housing part 56 and a substrate holder 58 opened downward is suspended and supported by the moving frame 54. That is, a servomotor 62 for rotating the head is mounted on the moving frame 54, and the housing of the processing head 60 is provided at the lower end of the output shaft (hollow shaft) 64 extending below the servomotor 62. 5 and 6 are connected.
- a vertical shaft 68 that rotates integrally with the output shaft 64 is attached to the inside of the output shaft 64 through a spline 66, as shown in FIG. a, c the substrate holder 5 8 substrate holder 5 8 of head 6 0 to process through the ball Lumpur joint 7 0 is connected is positioned inside the housing unit 5 6.
- the upper end of the vertical shaft 68 is connected to a fixed ring elevating cylinder 74 fixed to the moving frame 54 via a bearing 72 and a bracket.
- the vertical shaft 68 moves up and down independently of the output shaft 64 with the operation of the lifting cylinder 74.
- the fixed frame 52 is provided with a rear guide 76 that extends vertically and serves as a guide for moving the moving frame 54 up and down.
- the moving guide 54 moves along with the operation of a head lifting cylinder (not shown).
- Frame 54 moves up and down using linear guide 76 as a guide.
- a substrate input window 56a for inserting the substrate W therein is provided on the peripheral wall of the housing portion 56 of the processing head 60.
- a peripheral portion is sandwiched between a main frame 80 made of, for example, PEEK and a guide frame 82, at a lower portion of the housing portion 56 of the processing head 60.
- the seal ring 84a is arranged.
- the seal ring 84 a is in contact with the peripheral edge of the lower surface of the substrate W, and is used for sealing.
- a substrate fixing ring 86 is fixed to the peripheral edge of the lower surface of the substrate holder 58, and the elastic force of a spring 88 arranged inside the substrate fixing ring 86 of the substrate holder 58 causes the circular shape.
- the columnar pusher 90 projects downward from the lower surface of the substrate fixing ring 86.
- the inside is hermetically sealed, for example, a Teflon (registered trademark) bendable cylindrical snake ⁇ ⁇ plate. 9 2 are arranged.
- the substrate W is inserted into the housing portion 56 through the substrate insertion window 56a with the substrate holder 58 raised. Then, the substrate W is guided by the tapered surface 82 a provided on the inner peripheral surface of the guide frame 82, positioned, and mounted at a predetermined position on the upper surface of the scenery ring 84 a. In this state, the substrate holder 58 is lowered, and the pusher 90 of the substrate fixing ring 86 contacts the upper surface of the substrate W.
- the substrate W By further lowering the substrate holder 58, the substrate W The substrate W is pressed downward by the force, and is pressed against the peripheral edge of the surface (lower surface) of the substrate W with a sinorelle ring 84 a, and the substrate W is sealed with the housing W 56 and the substrate holder 58. And hold it between.
- the output shaft 64 and the vertical shaft attached to the inside of the output shaft 64 are driven.
- the housing part 56 and the substrate holder 58 rotate integrally with each other via the spline 66.
- An outer tank 100a and an inner tank 100b which are located below the processing head 60 and open upward with an inner diameter slightly larger than ⁇ of the processing head 60 (see FIG. 11) is provided.
- a pair of legs 104 attached to the lid 102 is rotatably supported on the outer periphery of the inner tank 100b of the processing tank 100.
- a crank 106 is connected to the leg 104, and a free end of the crank 106 is rotatably connected to a rod 110 of the lid moving cylinder 108. ing. Accordingly, with the operation of the lid moving cylinder 108, the lid 102 is moved to the processing position covering the upper end opening of the inner tank 100b of the processing tank 100, and to the side retracting position. It is configured to move between positions.
- the surface (upper surface) of the lid 102 is provided with a nozzle plate 112 having a large number of injection nozzles 111 a for injecting, for example, pure water outward (upward).
- the chemical supplied from the chemical tank 120 with the driving of the chemical pump 122 that is, Nozzle plate with multiple spray nozzles 1 2 4 a for spraying cleaning liquid or processing liquid (catalyst processing liquid) upwards 1 2 4 Force
- the injection nozzles 1 2 4 a are cross sections of inner tank 100 b Are arranged in a more evenly distributed manner over the entire surface.
- a drain pipe 126 for discharging a chemical solution (drain) to the outside is connected to the bottom surface of the inner tank 100b.
- a three-way valve 128 is interposed, and if necessary, through a return pipe 130 connected to one outlet port of the three-way valve 128, This chemical (drain) is returned to the chemical tank 120 so that it can be reused.
- the nozzle plate 112 provided on the surface (upper surface) of the lid 102 is connected to a rinse liquid supply source 132 supplying a rinse liquid such as pure water.
- a drainage pipe 127 is also connected to the bottom of the outer tank 100a.
- the processing head 60 holding the substrate is lowered, and the upper opening of the outer tank 100a of the processing tank 100 is covered with the processing head 60 so as to cover it.
- a chemical solution that is, a cleaning solution for the above-described cleaning process, and a processing solution
- a processing solution By spraying the catalyst treatment liquid onto the substrate W, the chemical solution is evenly sprayed over the entire lower surface (processed surface) of the substrate W, and the chemical solution is prevented from scattering outside while preventing the chemical solution from scattering outside. Drain pipe 1 26 can be discharged to the outside.
- the cleaning solution used for cleaning is one of the main components of the processing solution used for applying the catalyst, so that the cleaning process and the catalyst applying process can be performed by one integrated unit 14 in a cross contamination manner. Can be done without raising concerns.
- the processing head 60 is raised, and the substrate held by the processing head 60 with the upper end opening of the inner tank 100 b of the processing tank 100 closed with the lid 102.
- the rinsing process cleaning process
- the rinse liquid passes between the outer tank 100a and the inner tank 100b and is discharged through the drainpipe 127, so that the rinsing liquid is discharged into the inner tank 100b. Inflow is prevented, so that the rinsing liquid does not mix with the chemical liquid.
- the substrate W is inserted and held inside the processing head 60 in a state where the processing head 60 is raised, and thereafter, as shown in FIG.
- the processing head 60 is lowered to a position covering the upper end opening of the inner tank 100b of the processing tank 100.
- the nozzle plate 1 24 disposed inside the inner tank 100b of the processing tank 100 is rotated.
- Chemical liquid, ie, cleaning liquid or processing liquid contact The solvent treatment liquid is sprayed toward the substrate W, so that the chemical solution is sprayed uniformly over the entire surface of the substrate W.
- the processing head 60 is raised and stopped at a predetermined position, and as shown in FIG.
- the lid 102 located at the retracted position is opened at the upper end of the inner tank 100 b of the processing tank 100. Move to a position that covers the mouth. Then, in this state, the rinsing liquid is sprayed from the spray nozzle 1 1 2 a of the nozzle ⁇ 1 12 arranged on the upper surface of the lid 102 toward the substrate W held and rotated by the processing head 60. Inject. Thereby, the treatment of the substrate W with the chemical solution and the rinsing treatment with the rinse solution can be performed while the two liquids are not mixed.
- Electroless angle plating unit 16 is shown in FIGS. 12 to 18.
- the electroless plating unit 16 is connected to a plating tank 200 (see FIG. 18) and a substrate which is disposed above the plating tank 200 and holds the substrate W in a detachable manner. And a head 204.
- the substrate head 204 has a housing part 230 and a head part 232, and the head part 232 is a suction head. And a substrate receiver 236 surrounding the periphery of the suction head 234 and the suction head 234.
- a housing rotation motor 230 and a substrate receiving drive cylinder 240 are housed in the housing portion 230, and the output shaft (hollow shaft) 24 of the substrate rotation motor 23 The upper end is connected to the rotary joint 244 and the lower end is connected to the suction head 234 of the head part 232, and the mouth of the substrate receiving drive cylinder 240 is Of the board part 2 32 is connected to the board receiver 2 36.
- a stopper 2446 for mechanically restricting the rise of the substrate receiver 236.
- a similar spline structure is adopted between the suction head 2 34 and the board receiver 2 36, and the board receiver 2 36 is moved with the operation of the board receiver driving cylinder 240. Although it moves up and down relatively to the suction head 234, when the output shaft 242 is rotated by the driving of the substrate rotation motor 238, the rotation of the output shaft 242 causes The suction head 2 34 and the substrate receiver 2 36 are configured to rotate integrally.
- a suction ring 250 holding the substrate W by suction and holding the substrate W as a holding surface is provided on the peripheral edge of the lower surface of the suction head 234 as shown in FIGS.
- the concave portion 2 '50a continuously provided in the circumferential direction on the lower surface of the suction ring 250 and the vacuum line 255 extending inside the suction head 234 are attached by suction.
- the holes 250 communicate with each other through communication holes 250 b formed in the ring 250.
- the substrate W is sucked and held by evacuating the concave portion 250a. In this manner, the substrate W is held by being evacuated circumferentially with a small width (radial direction).
- the absorption ring 250 is immersed in the plating solution (processing solution) to reduce the surface (lower surface) of the substrate W. Not only the edges, but also all the edges can be immersed in the plating liquid.
- the substrate W is released by supplying N 2 to the vacuum line 25 2.
- the substrate receiver 236 is formed in a cylindrical shape with a bottom opening downward, and a peripheral wall thereof is provided with a substrate insertion window 236a for inserting the substrate W therein, and a lower end is provided with an inner side.
- a disk-shaped claw portion 254 protruding in the direction is provided.
- a projection piece 256 having an inner peripheral surface with a tapered surface 256a for guiding the substrate W is provided on the upper portion of the claw portion 255.
- the substrate W is inserted into the substrate receiver 236 from the substrate insertion window 236a with the substrate receiver 236 lowered. Then, the substrate W is guided by the tapered surface 256 a of the projection piece 256, is positioned, and is placed and held at a predetermined position on the upper surface of the claw portion 254. In this state, the substrate receiver 2 36 is raised, and as shown in FIG. 14, the upper surface of the substrate W placed and held on the claw portion 25 4 of the substrate receiver 2 36 is attached to the suction head 23 4 Abut the suction ring 250.
- the concave portion 250a of the suction ring 250 is evacuated through the vacuum line 255, so that the periphery of the upper surface of the substrate W is sealed to the lower surface of the suction ring 250 while the substrate W is sealed. Holds by adsorption. Then, when performing the plating process, as shown in Fig. 15, lower the board receiver 2 36 by several mm, separate the board W from the claw section 25 4 and hold it by suction using only the suction ring 250. State. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the peripheral edge of the front surface (lower surface) of the substrate W from being caught by the claw portion 254.
- FIG. 16 shows details of the plating tank 200.
- the plating tank 200 is connected at the bottom to a plating solution supply pipe 304 (see FIG. 18), and a plating solution recovery groove 260 is provided on the peripheral wall.
- a plating solution supply pipe 304 see FIG. 18
- a plating solution recovery groove 260 is provided on the peripheral wall.
- Inside the plating tank 200 there are arranged two rectifying plates 26 2 and 26 4 for stabilizing the flow of the plating solution flowing upward therethrough, and further, at the bottom, a plating tank 20 Temperature measurement to measure the temperature of the plating liquid introduced inside A measuring instrument 2 6 6 is installed.
- the outer peripheral surface of the plating tank 200 is positioned slightly above the liquid level of the holding liquid held by the plating tank 200 and is slightly obliquely upward in the diameter direction.
- a jet nozzle 2688 for jetting a stop solution consisting of a neutral solution having a pH of 6 to 7.5, for example, pure water is provided inside, a jet nozzle 2688 for jetting a stop solution consisting of a neutral solution having a pH of 6 to 7.5, for example, pure water.
- a stop solution consisting of a neutral solution having a pH of 6 to 7.5, for example, pure water
- a plating tank cover 270 is installed to be able to open and close freely to prevent wasteful evaporation.
- the plating tank 200 extends from the plating solution storage tank 302 at the bottom and is provided with a plating solution supply pump 304 and a three-way valve 300 on the way. It is connected to the liquid supply pipe 308.
- the plating solution is supplied into the plating tank 200 from the bottom thereof.
- the plating solution can be circulated by recovering the excellent plating solution from the plating solution recovery groove 260 to the plating solution storage tank 302.
- a plating solution return pipe 312 returning to the plating solution storage tank 302 is connected to one outlet port of the three-way valve 3 ⁇ 6. As a result, the plating solution can be circulated even during the stand-by state, thereby forming a plating solution circulation system.
- the rate of decrease in the concentration of the plating solution can be reduced as compared with the case where the plating solution is simply stored.
- the number of substrates W that can be processed can be increased.
- the temperature measuring device 2666 provided near the bottom of the plating tank 200 measures the temperature of the plating solution introduced into the plating tank 200, and based on the measurement result, The heater 3 16 and the flow meter 3 18 are controlled.
- water that has been heated using a separate heater 3 16 and passed through the flow meter 3 18 is used as a heat medium, and the heat exchanger 3 20 is attached to the liquid storage tank 3 0. 2 inside
- a heating device 322, which is installed in the plating solution and indirectly heats the plating solution, and a stirring pump 3224, which circulates and stirs the plating solution in the plating solution storage tank 302, are provided.
- the plating solution may be used at a high temperature (approximately 80 ° C.) in plating, and this is to cope with this.
- the in-line-heating method is used. In comparison with this, it is possible to prevent unwanted substances from being mixed into the very delicate tanning liquid.
- FIG. 17 shows details of the cleaning tank 202 attached to the side of the plating tank 200.
- a plurality of spray nozzles 280 for spraying a rinsing liquid such as pure water upward are attached to the nozzle plate 282 and arranged. Is connected to the upper end of the vertical shaft 284. Further, the nozzle vertical shaft 284 moves up and down by changing the screwing position of the nozzle position adjusting screw 2887 and the nut 288 screwed with the screw 287, whereby The distance between the injection nozzle 280 and the substrate W disposed above the nozzle 280 can be adjusted optimally.
- a cleaning liquid such as pure water is sprayed into the inside of the cleaning tank 202 downwardly and slightly obliquely in the radial direction, located above the injection nozzle 280 on the outer peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the cleaning tank 202.
- a head cleaning nozzle 286 for spraying a cleaning liquid onto at least a portion of the head portion 232 of the substrate head 204 that comes into contact with the plating liquid is provided.
- the substrate W held by the head portion 230 of the substrate head 204 is arranged at a predetermined position in the cleaning tank 202, and the injection nozzle 2
- the substrate W is cleaned (rinsed) by spraying a cleaning liquid (rinse liquid) such as 80% pure water.
- the cleaning liquid such as pure water is simultaneously discharged from the head cleaning nozzle 286.
- the plating bath cover 2 7 0 Open, the Tsu 2 0 4 to the substrate is lowered while rotating, to dipping the substrate W held by the head unit 2 3 2 in the plating solution of the plated tub 2 0 within 0.
- the substrate head 204 is raised, and the substrate W is pulled up from the plating solution in the plating bath 200.
- Injecting pure water (stop solution) from the spray nozzle 2688 toward the substrate W immediately cools the substrate W, raises the substrate head 204, and attaches the substrate W to the tank.
- the substrate head 204 is stopped by rotating it up to a position above 200.
- the substrate head 204 is moved to a position immediately above the cleaning tank 202 while holding the substrate W by the head portion 232 of the substrate head 204. Then, while rotating the substrate head 204, the substrate W is lowered to a predetermined position in the cleaning tank 202, and a cleaning liquid (rinse liquid) such as pure water is sprayed from the spray nozzle 280 to discharge the substrate W. Cleaning (rinsing) is performed, and at the same time, a cleaning liquid such as pure water is sprayed from the head cleaning nozzle 2886 to at least the plating liquid of the head part 230 of the substrate head 204. The part that comes in contact with the liquid is washed with the washing liquid.
- a cleaning liquid such as pure water
- the rotation of the substrate head 204 is stopped, the substrate head 204 is raised, and the substrate W is pulled up to a position above the cleaning tank 202.
- the plate head 2 O 4 is moved to a transfer position with the second substrate transfer port pot 26, and the substrate W is transferred to the second substrate transfer robot 26 and transferred to the next process.
- FIG. 19 shows a post-plating treatment unit 18.
- the post-plating processing unit 18 is a unit that forcibly removes unnecessary objects on the substrate W with a whip-shaped brush, and a plurality of holding units that hold the substrate W by sandwiching the outer peripheral portion of the substrate W.
- Roller 410, chemical nozzle 412 for supplying treatment liquid (2 systems) to the surface of substrate W held by roller 410, and pure water for supplying pure water (1 system) to the back of substrate W Water horns (not shown) are provided.
- the substrate W is held by the roller 410, the roller drive motor is driven to rotate the roller 410, and the substrate W is rotated, and at the same time, the substrate is discharged from the chemical solution nozzle 412 and the pure water nozzle.
- a predetermined processing liquid is supplied to the front and back surfaces of W, and the substrate W is cleaned by sandwiching the substrate W from above and below with an appropriate pressure with an upper and lower roll sponge (mouth / re-shaped brush) (not shown).
- an upper and lower roll sponge mouth / re-shaped brush
- the post-plating processing unit 18 is provided with a sponge (PFR) 419 that rotates while being in contact with the edge (peripheral portion) of the substrate W.
- the sponge 419 is applied to the edge of the substrate W Here, scrubbing is to be performed.
- FIG. 20 shows the dry tub 20.
- the drying unit 20 is a unit that first performs chemical cleaning and pure water cleaning, and then completely dries the cleaned substrate W by rotating a spindle.
- the clamping mechanism 4 grips an edge portion of the substrate W. It has a substrate stage 422 provided with 20 and a substrate loading / unloading elevating plate 424 for opening and closing the clamp mechanism 420.
- the substrate stage 422 is connected to the upper end of a spindle 428 that rotates at a high speed with the driving of the spindle rotation motor 426.
- a mega-hole is provided on the upper surface side of the substrate W gripped by the clamp mechanism 420 and supplies pure water with an enhanced cleaning effect by transmitting ultrasonic waves when passing through a special nozzle by an ultrasonic oscillator. It is mounted on the free end side of a swivel arm 4 3 4 with a jet nose 4 30 and a rotatable oscillating type washing sponge 4 3 2.
- the substrate W is gripped and rotated by the clamp mechanism 420, and the pure water is supplied from the megajet nozzle 430 toward the cleaning sponge 432 while rotating the rotator 434.
- the surface of the substrate W is cleaned by rubbing the cleaning sponge 432 against the surface of the substrate W.
- a cleaning nozzle (not shown) for supplying pure water is also provided on the rear surface side of the substrate W, and the rear surface of the substrate W is simultaneously cleaned with pure water jetted from the cleaning nozzle. .
- the substrate W thus cleaned is spin-dried by rotating the spindle 428 at high speed.
- the cleaning mechanism 436 is provided to surround the periphery of the substrate W gripped by the clamp mechanism 420 and prevent the processing liquid from scattering toward the P direction.
- the lifting / lowering cylinder 4 38 moves up and down with the operation of the cylinder.
- a cavitation function using cavitation may be mounted on the drying cut 20.
- FIG. 21 shows a substrate processing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- This substrate processing equipment The difference from the substrate processing apparatus shown in Fig. 3 is that one of the two integrated units (washing and catalyst applying unit) 14 is replaced with a first chemical mechanical polishing unit (first CMP unit) 30a.
- first CMP unit first chemical mechanical polishing unit
- second CMP unit second chemical mechanical polishing unit
- a substrate cassette accommodating a substrate W in which a copper layer 7 of a wiring material is deposited on the insulating film 2 in the contact hole 3 and the trench 4 as shown in FIG. 1B is mounted on the load / unload unit 10. They are to be stored.
- Other configurations are almost the same as the example shown in FIG.
- a substrate W on which a copper layer 7 was formed and dried was stored with the surface of the substrate W facing upward (face-up) and mounted on a load @ unload unit 10. From the cassette force, one substrate W is taken out by the first substrate transfer port bot 24, transferred to the temporary mounting table 22 and placed thereon. Then, the substrate W on the temporary table 22 is transferred to the first CMP unit 30a by the second substrate transfer robot 26. In the first CMP unit 30a, the substrate W is held face down, and while the substrate W is being rotated, the substrate W is pressed against the rotating polishing surface with a predetermined pressing force, and simultaneously the polishing surface is polished.
- the solution is supplied to remove mainly the copper layer 7 of the surplus wiring material on the surface of the substrate W by polishing. That is, the surface of the barrier layer 5 shown in FIG. 1B is exposed, and the polishing by the first CMP unit 30a ends at this time.
- the surface of the substrate W is rinsed (cleaned) with pure water, and then the substrate W is transported to the second CMP unit 30 b by the second substrate transport opening bond 26.
- the barrier layer 5 on the insulating film 2 is mainly polished and removed, and the contact hole 3 and the inside of the trench 4 are formed in substantially the same manner as the first CMP unit 30a. Insulated from the surface of copper layer 7 filled in) The two surfaces are almost flush with each other.
- a wiring (copper wiring) 8 including the seed layer 6 and the copper layer 7 is formed inside the insulating film 2.
- the substrate W on which the distribution 8 is formed is transported to the integrated unit 14 by the second substrate transport robot 26 in substantially the same manner as the substrate processing apparatus shown in FIG. Then, the substrate W is held face down, and this surface is cleaned as a post-processing (or pre-plating processing) of CMP.
- an aqueous solution of an organic acid having a lipoxyl group (first chelating agent) on the surface of the substrate W, a surfactant and, if necessary, a second chelating agent having a group other than a carboxyl group Perform cleaning treatment with a cleaning liquid (chemical) of the composition to which is added.
- the surface of the wiring 8 is activated by removing the oxide and the like on the wiring 8 by etching, and at the same time, the CMP residue remaining on the surface of the substrate W is removed.
- the integrated unit 14 is installed in the equipment frame 12 in which the CMP units 30a, 30b and the unit 16 with no electric disassembly are installed, so that after the CMP, A post-processing unit (cleaning unit) for processing (cleaning) can be omitted.
- FIG. 23 is a plan layout view of a substrate processing apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- this substrate processing equipment stores chemical mechanical polishing equipment (CMP equipment) 510, electroless plating equipment 512, and substrates processed by CMP equipment 510.
- CMP equipment chemical mechanical polishing equipment
- electroless plating equipment 512 electroless plating equipment
- substrates processed by CMP equipment 510 substrates processed by CMP equipment 510.
- a storage container 5 14 for transporting to the non-electrolytic plating device 5 12.
- the contact hole 3 and the trench 4 are filled with copper as a wiring material, and a substrate W (FIG. 1) in which a copper layer 7 is deposited on the insulating film 2.
- a load-unload unit 516 for mounting and storing the substrate cassette and the storage container 514 for storing the substrate cassette (see B).
- CMP units chemical mechanical polishing units
- An integrated unit cleaning and catalyzing unit that integrates a cleaning unit that performs cleaning after CMP
- a catalyst applying unit that applies a catalyst such as Pd to the substrate surface after cleaning into one unit.
- a drying unit 524 for rinsing and drying the substrate and a temporary mounting table 526 for temporarily mounting the substrate are arranged.
- the load frame and unload unit The first substrate transfer robot 5 28 that transfers the substrate W between the substrate cassette and storage container 5 14 mounted on the card 5 16 and the temporary table 5 2 6, the temporary table 5 2 6 and each unit 5
- the second substrate transfer robots 53 O for transferring the substrate to and from 20 a, 52 0 b, 52 2, and 52 24 are arranged to be freely movable.
- the storage container 5 14 is a closed container that can be opened and closed, and can control at least one of the internal humidity, temperature, oxygen concentration, and contaminants floating in the air.
- the substrate W is stored and transported by arbitrarily controlling the inside while the substrate treated in step 2 is sealed. In this way, the inside of the storage container 5 14 is shut off from the outside, and control is performed so that the surface and internal state of the wiring 8 made of, for example, copper are effectively prevented from changing. Can be stabilized or improved.
- the electroless plating apparatus 5 12 is provided with a load / unload unit 5 32 for placing and storing the substrate cassette and the storage container 5 14.
- An electroless plating unit 536 which performs electroless plating on the surface of the substrate W (the surface to be processed), is provided inside a rectangular device frame 534 with an exhaust system.
- Post-plating unit 5 3 8 for post-plating processing of substrate W to improve selectivity of protective film (alloy film) 9 (see Fig. 1D) formed on the surface of wiring 8
- a drying unit 540 for drying the substrate W ", a film thickness measuring unit 542 for measuring at least one of the film thickness and the film quality of the protective film 9, and a substrate transport unit 544 for transporting the substrate are arranged. Further, a process control unit 546 for controlling the plating processing conditions based on the measurement result of the film thickness / film quality measurement unit 542 is provided.
- the substrate W formed with the copper layer 7 on the surface and dried as shown in FIG. 1B is stored with the surface of the substrate W facing upward (face-up), and then the loading and unloading of the CMP device 5110 is performed.
- One substrate W is taken out from the substrate cassette mounted in the unit 5 16 by the first substrate transfer robot 5 28, taken into the device frame of the CMP device 5 10, and placed on the temporary mounting table. Put on 5 2 6 Then, the substrate W on the temporary table 5 26 is transferred to the second substrate transfer robot. It is conveyed to one of the CMP units 520a by the unit 530.
- the substrate W is held face down, and while rotating the substrate W, a predetermined pressing force is applied to the polishing surface during rotation, and at the same time, the polishing liquid is supplied to the polishing surface. Then, the excess copper layer (distribution / wire material) 7 on the surface of the substrate W is mainly removed by polishing. That is, the surface of the barrier layer 5 shown in FIG. 1B is exposed, and at this point, the polishing by the CMP unit 52a is finished.
- the surface of the substrate is rinsed (cleaned) with pure water, and then the substrate W is transported to another CMP unit 52b by the second substrate transport port bot 530.
- the barrier layer 5 on the insulating film 2 was mainly polished and removed to fill the contact hole 3 and the trench 4 in substantially the same manner as the above-mentioned CMP unit 502a.
- the surface of the copper layer 7 and the surface of the insulating film 2 are made substantially flush.
- a wiring (copper wiring) 8 including the seed layer 6 and the copper layer 7 is formed inside the insulating film 2.
- the substrate W is transferred to the integrated unit 522.
- the substrate W is held in a face-down state, and first, a cleaning process using a cleaning liquid (chemical) is performed as a post-process on the CMP.
- washing liquid for example, a surfactant and, if necessary, a second chelating agent having a group other than a carboxyl group are added to an aqueous solution of an organic acid having a carboxyl group (first chelating agent), as in the above-described example. Use the added one.
- This cleaning liquid is sprayed toward the surface of the substrate W for, for example, one minute, and oxides and the like on the wiring 8 are removed by etching to activate the surface of the wiring 8, and at the same time, polishing residues remaining on the surface of the substrate W are removed. After the removal, the cleaning liquid remaining on the surface of the substrate W is rinsed (cleaned) with a rinsing liquid such as pure water as needed.
- the substrate W is held face-down by the integrated unit 522, for example, in addition to the catalyst metal ion, for example, an organic acid having a carboxyl group (the
- a catalyst application treatment for applying a catalyst such as Pd to the surface is continuously performed. Then, the substrate W provided with the catalyst and rinsed (washed) with pure water is transported to the drying unit 524 by the second substrate transport robot 530, where it is subjected to a rinsing process as required, and thereafter, The substrate W is rotated at a high speed and spin-dried.
- the substrate W after the spin drying is placed on the temporary placing table 526 with the second substrate carrying port bot 5330, and the substrate placed on the temporary placing table 526 is placed in the first substrate carrying robot 5 28 Store in the storage container 5 14 mounted on the open-door unloading unit 5 16 at 8.
- the storage container 5 14 is moved from the loading / unloading unit 5 16 of the CMP device 5 10. Take it out, transport it, and mount it on the load'unload unit 532 of the electroless plating device 512.
- the polishing residue on the substrate and the oxide film on the surface of the wiring 8 were removed inside the CMP apparatus 5 10, and the substrate on which the catalyst was applied to the surface of the wiring 8 was removed.
- Storing in a storage container 5 14 with controlled atmosphere prevents the wiring 8 made of, for example, copper, from changing its surface and internal state during storage of the board, and improves the reliability of the wiring 8. Can be prevented from being reduced, or an uncertain adverse effect on the later formation of the protective film 9 can be prevented.
- a catalyst such as Pd is applied to the surface of the wiring, the surface provided with the catalyst such as Pd is generally more stable than the copper surface, and thus, the surface of the wiring 8 made of copper is also stable. Oxidation can be suppressed.
- a single substrate W is taken out from the storage container 514 mounted on the load-unload unit 532 of the electroless plating device 512 by the substrate transport unit 544, and the electroless plating is performed. It is carried into the device frame 534 of the device 512 and transported to the electroless plating unit 536.
- the surface of the substrate W to which the catalyst was previously applied is subjected to electroless plating, and the remaining liquid remaining on the surface of the substrate is rinsed with pure water or the like using the electroless plating apparatus 536.
- a protective film 9 made of a CoWP alloy film is selectively formed on the surface of the wiring 8 to protect the wiring 8.
- the substrate W after the electroless plating is transported to the post-processing unit 538 by the substrate transport unit 544, where it is formed on the surface of the substrate W in the same manner as in the above-described example.
- Protective film (metal film) after plating to improve the selectivity of 9 and increase the yield Perform processing (post-washing).
- the impurities remaining on the non-metallic surface of the substrate, such as on the insulating film (interlayer insulating film) 2 are selectively removed by etching, or selectively removed or modified by plasma treatment. Is also good.
- the substrate W after the post-attachment processing is transported to the drying unit 540 by the substrate transport unit 544, where a rinsing process is performed if necessary, and thereafter, the substrate W is rotated at a high speed. And spin dry.
- the substrate W after the spin drying is transported to a film thickness / film quality measurement unit 542 by a substrate transport unit 544, and a wiring 8 is formed as needed by the film thickness Z film quality measurement unit 542. At least one of the film thickness and the film quality of the protective film 9 formed on the surface of the substrate is measured, and the substrate W after the film thickness or the film quality measurement is loaded by the substrate transport unit 544 and mounted on the unload unit 532. Into the substrate.
- a measurement result obtained by measuring the film thickness or film quality of the protective film 9 formed on the exposed surface of the wiring 8 is input to the process control unit 546, and the measured value is compared with a target value.
- Selective formation on the surface of substrate wiring 8 by adjusting plating processing conditions for the next substrate, such as plating processing time and chemical (plating solution) components, according to variations in thickness and film quality are controlled.
- the protection film 9 is formed directly on the surface of the wiring 8 of the substrate by electroless plating without performing the catalyst application treatment inside the electroless plating apparatus 5 1 2. This improves the throughput of the apparatus, and eliminates the need to install a pretreatment unit inside the electroless plating apparatus 512, thereby reducing the footprint of the apparatus.
- the transfer of the substrate between each unit and the transfer port pot is preferably performed while the substrate is dried.
- FIG. 25 is a plan layout view of a substrate processing apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 25, this substrate processing apparatus includes a substrate W such as a semiconductor device in which a wiring (base metal) 8 made of copper or the like is formed inside a fine wiring recess 4 formed on the surface.
- a substrate W such as a semiconductor device in which a wiring (base metal) 8 made of copper or the like is formed inside a fine wiring recess 4 formed on the surface.
- a loading end loading unit 612 is provided for loading and storing the substrate cassette 610 that stores therein. Then, a first pre-processing (pre-cleaning) unit 6 18, which performs pre-cleaning (pre-processing) of the substrate W, at a position along one long side of the frame 6 16 having an exhaust system.
- a second pretreatment for applying a catalyst such as Pd to the exposed surface of the wiring 8 to be subjected to an electroless plating process on the surface of the unit 62 and the surface of the substrate W (the surface to be processed).
- the plating units 6 2 2 are arranged in series.
- a film thickness measuring unit 630 for measuring the film thickness of the protective film 9 formed on the surface of the wiring 8 is arranged in series. Furthermore, it can run along the rail 632 in parallel with the long side of the apparatus frame 616, and can be moved between these units and the substrate cassette 610 mounted on the load / unload unit 612.
- the transfer robot 634 that transfers the substrate by means of is arranged at a position sandwiched between the linearly arranged cuts.
- the device frame 616 is subjected to a light-shielding process, so that the following steps in the device frame 616 are performed in a light-shielded state, that is, light such as illumination light is applied to the wiring and lines. Can be done without hitting. In this way, by preventing light from shining on the distribution spring, it is possible to prevent the wiring made of, for example, copper from being irradiated with light and causing a light potential difference, thereby preventing the wiring from being corroded by the light potential difference. Can be.
- the substrate W on which the wiring 8 was formed and dried was stored with the surface of the substrate W facing upward (face up) and mounted on the load / unload unit 6 12. From the set 610, one substrate W is taken out at the transfer port 634 and transferred to the first pretreatment unit 618.
- the substrate W is held down in a face-down manner, and a pre-cleaning process (chemical solution cleaning) is performed as a pre-plating process on the surface. That is, for example, a liquid temperature is 2 5 ° C, the treatment solution such as dilute Ei 2 S 0 4 a (wash liquor) is injected toward the surface of the substrate W, as shown in FIG.
- Examples of the processing solution used here include inorganic acids such as hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid, and hydrochloric acid having a pH of 2 or less, and chelates having a pH of 5 or less such as formic acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, maleic acid, and salicylic acid. And acids having a pH of 5 or less to which a chelating agent such as a halide, carboxylic acid, dicarboxylic acid, oxycarboxylic acid, or a water-soluble salt thereof has been added.
- inorganic acids such as hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid, and hydrochloric acid having a pH of 2 or less
- chelates having a pH of 5 or less such as formic acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, maleic acid, and salicylic acid.
- acids having a pH of 5 or less to which a chelating agent such as a halide
- the CMP residue 44 composed of copper and the like remaining on the insulating film 2 and the metal oxide film 42 on the surface of the wire 8 are removed, and plating is performed. Adhesion with the selection and spring 8 can be improved.
- anticorrosive agents generally used in the CMP process usually inhibit deposition of the plating film, but alkali chemicals having an ability to remove the anticorrosive agent attached to the wiring 8, for example, tetramethylammonium hydroxide.
- PAM TMAH
- the same effects as those of the above-mentioned acids can be achieved even with an alkaline solution of an amino acid such as glycine, cysteine or methionine.
- this processing solution cleaning chemical
- Pretreatment is desirably performed, whereby the reaction between the wiring 8 and the dissolved oxygen during the pretreatment can be reduced, and the reliability of the wiring 8 can be prevented from being impaired. .
- Rinsing (cleaning) the surface of the substrate W with a rinsing liquid after pre-cleaning also ensures that the chemicals used for pre-cleaning remain on the surface of the substrate W and hinder the next activation step. Can be prevented.
- ultrapure water is used as the rinsing liquid.
- impurities such as hydrogen gas-dissolved water obtained by dissolving hydrogen gas in ultrapure water or electrolytic cathode water obtained by diaphragm electrolysis of ultrapure water are used as the rinse liquid. It is desirable to use water that does not contain and has high reducing power.
- the chemical used for the pre-cleaning treatment may have some corrosiveness to the wiring material and the like, the time between the pre-cleaning treatment and the rinsing treatment is preferably as short as possible.
- the substrate W after the pre-cleaning treatment is transferred to the second pre-processing unit 620 by the transfer pot 634, where the substrate W is held face down, and P A catalyst application treatment (pretreatment) for supporting a catalyst such as d is performed. That is, for example, at a liquid temperature of 25 ° C., a processing liquid (catalyst liquid) such as PdC 12 ZHC 1 is jetted toward the surface of the substrate W for, for example, one minute, thereby As shown in 27 C, Pd as a catalytic metal (nucleus) 40 is adhered to the surface of the ⁇ 8.
- a processing liquid such as PdC 12 ZHC 1
- a Pd nucleus as a catalyst metal nucleus (seed) is formed on the surface of the wiring 8, and the exposed surface of the surface wiring of the wiring 8 is activated. Thereafter, the treatment liquid (catalyst liquid) remaining on the surface of the substrate W is rinsed (cleaned) with a rinse liquid such as pure water.
- a solution to which a component that forms a complex with the wiring 8 is added as a base metal in addition to the catalyst metal ions is used.
- the catalytic metal ion in addition to the Pd ion in this example, Sn ion, Ag ion, Pt ion, Au ion, Cu ion, Co ion, or Ni ion is used. It is particularly preferable to use a Pdion in view of the reaction speed and the ease of control.
- examples of a component that forms a complex with the wiring (base metal) 8 include a nitrogen-containing organic substance and an organic substance having a carboxyl group.
- Nitrogen-containing organic substances are electrostatically adsorbed on the surface of the wiring 8 because nitrogen in the structure has polarity. As a result, as shown below, the catalyst metal (nucleus) 40 excessively reacts with the wiring 8. Response can be prevented.
- the nitrogen-containing organic substance is, for example, a group consisting of a quaternary salt of polydialkylaminoethyl atearylate, a polyallyldimethylammonium chloride, a polyethylenimine, a quaternary salt of polyvinylinoleviridine, a polyvinylamidine, a polyallylamine and a polyaminesulfonic acid.
- nitrogen-containing polymers selected from the group consisting of:
- the nitrogen-containing polymer is added to the processing solution in an amount of about 0.01 to: L0O'O ppm, preferably about 1 to 100 ppm. Further, the molecular weight of the nitrogen-containing polymer is preferably 100 or more, more preferably 100 or more.
- an organic substance having a carboxy group is used as the treatment liquid, it is preferable to use an organic substance having two or more lipoxyl groups, or an organic substance having a complexing effect on the underlying metal.
- an organic substance having two or more carboxyl groups it is possible to prevent the catalytic metal (nucleus) 40 from excessively reacting with the wiring 8 by adsorbing at least one carboxylic group on the wiring 8. it can.
- the organic substance having a carboxyl group is added to the treatment liquid in an amount of about 0.01 to about L 0 g ZL, preferably about 0.1 to 10 g / L.
- the catalyst applying treatment (pretreatment) on the surface of the wiring 8 is performed by using a component forming a complex with the wiring 8, for example, a treatment liquid (catalyst liquid) containing a nitrogen-containing polymer and a catalyst metal ion.
- a protective layer 46 made of a complex of copper or the like, which is a material of the wiring 8, and a nitrogen-containing polymer is formed on the surface of the wiring 8 to protect the surface of the wiring 8.
- the catalyst metal (nucleus) 40 can be supported on the surface of the layer 46.
- This complex is preferentially adsorbed on the surface of the wiring 8 which is particularly susceptible to corrosion, and as a result, the structure of the wiring 8 and the deterioration of the structure of the wiring 8 due to etching or the like are not reduced.
- a catalyst to the surface of the wiring 8
- selectivity for electroless plating can be improved.
- the catalytic metal there are various substances, but it is preferable to use Pd in terms of the reaction rate and the ease of control.
- an ultrapure water rinse is used.
- the treatment liquid as in the case of the pre-cleaning treatment, if the treatment liquid (catalyst liquid) remains on the substrate surface, it may have an adverse effect on the wiring material and other corrosion and plating processes. It is desirable that the time between is as short as possible.
- the rinsing liquid as in the case of the pre-cleaning treatment, any of ultrapure water, hydrogen gas-dissolved water, and electrolytically sworded water can be used, but the substrate is to be used before the next plating step Therefore, it is also possible to use an aqueous solution of the components constituting the electroless plating solution.
- the substrate W, on which the catalytic metal (nucleus) 40 is supported and rinsed on the surface of the wiring 8, is transferred to the electroless plating unit 622 by the transfer robot 634, and the surface is subjected to the electroless plating.
- the substrate W is immersed in, for example, about 120 seconds in a CoWP plating liquid at a liquid temperature of 85 ° C., and the surface of the wiring 8 carrying the catalytic metal (nucleus) 40 such as Pd is By applying selective electroless angle quickening (electroless Co WP lid mounting), a protective film (lid material) 9 is selectively formed as shown in FIG. 27D.
- the composition of the plating solution is, for example, as follows.
- a stop solution composed of a neutral solution having a pH of 6 to 7.5 is brought into contact with the surface of the substrate W to stop the electroless plating process.
- the treatment time is preferably, for example, 1 to 5 seconds.
- the stop solution include pure water, hydrogen gas-dissolved water, and electrolytically-sworded water.
- the protective film 9 made of a CoWP alloy film is selectively formed on the surface of the wiring 8 to protect the wiring 8.
- the substrate W after the electroless plating is post-processed by the transfer robot 634. Then, the substrate is transported to the substrate 6 24, where a post-process is performed to improve the selectivity of the protective film (metal film) 9 formed on the surface of the wiring 8 and increase the yield.
- the post-processed substrate W is transferred to the drying unit 626 by the transfer port bot 634, where it is subjected to a rinsing process as required, and then the substrate W is rotated at a high speed and spin-dried. Let it.
- the substrate W after the spin drying is transported to the heat treatment unit 628 by the transfer robot 634, where the post-processed substrate W is subjected to a heat treatment (anneal) for modifying the protective film 9.
- a heat treatment for modifying the protective film 9.
- the temperature required for the modification of the protective film 9 is at least 120 ° C. or more considering the practicality of the processing time, and considering the heat resistance of the material constituting the device. It is desirable not to exceed 0 ° C. For this reason, the temperature of this heat treatment (annelling) is, for example, 120 to 450 ° C.
- the substrate W after the heat treatment is transferred to a film thickness measuring unit 630 such as an optical type, an AFM, an EDX, etc. by a transfer robot 634.
- the thickness of the protective film 9 formed on the substrate is measured, and the substrate W after the thickness measurement is returned to the substrate cassette 6 10 mounted on the load / unload unit 6 12 by the transfer robot 6 34.
- the integrated unit 14 shown in FIGS. 5 to 11 is used as the first pre-processing unit 6 18 and the second pre-processing unit 6 20.
- the electroless angle advance unit 62 2 the electroless plating unit 16 shown in FIGS. 12 to 18, as the post-plating processing unit 62 4, the post-plating processing unit 18 shown in FIG.
- the dried unit 20 shown in FIG. 20 is used as the dried unit 6 26.
- the first pre-processing unit 6 18 and the second pre-processing unit 6 20 having the same configuration using different processing liquids are provided, and the first pre-processing unit 6 18 performs pre-cleaning.
- 2 shows an example in which the catalyst application treatment is performed in each of the pretreatment units 6 and 20.
- a pretreatment liquid containing a component that forms a complex with the wiring (base metal) 8, a catalytic metal ion, and an acid having a function of cleaning the surface of the wiring 8, as the treatment liquid Perform pre-cleaning and catalyst application at the same time It may be.
- the surface of the wiring 8 is treated with a component that forms a complex with the wiring (base metal) 8 and a treatment liquid containing an acid having a function of cleaning the surface of the wiring 8 in addition to the catalyst metal ions.
- a component that forms a complex with the wiring (base metal) 8 and a treatment liquid containing an acid having a function of cleaning the surface of the wiring 8 in addition to the catalyst metal ions.
- FIG. 27A to FIG. 27C with the skip of FIG. 27B the metal oxide film 42 on the surface of the wiring 8 and the CMP on the wiring The residue 44 and the like are removed (washed), and at the same time, as shown in FIG. 28, a protective layer 46 made of a complex of copper and the like of the wiring material and the above component is formed on the surface of the wiring 8.
- the surface of the protective layer 46 can carry a catalytic metal (nucleus) 40 such as Pd.
- a catalyst can be applied to the surface of the wiring 8 without deteriorating the structure and physical properties of the wiring 8 due to etching or the like.
- a complex is formed with the tori wire 8.
- Pre-cleaning is carried out using a component-containing material.
- the treatment liquid (catalyst liquid) used for the catalyst application treatment by the second pre-treatment unit 620 contains ordinary catalyst metal ions, The catalyst application treatment may be performed using a component that does not include a component that forms a complex with the wiring 8.
- a catalytic metal (nucleus) 40 made of Pd or the like is carried on the surface of the wiring 8 on which the protective layer 46 has been formed in advance, so that the wiring 8
- the protective layer 46 prevents the structure and physical properties of the wiring 8 from being damaged by etching or the like, and furthermore, impurities in the processing solution containing the catalyst metal are prevented. Mixing can be prevented.
- the protective film 9 is formed on the surface of the buried wiring 8 formed on the substrate.
- the bottom surface and the side of the buried wiring 8 are provided with an interlayer insulating material of wiring material.
- a conductive film (metal film) having a function of preventing diffusion into the film may be formed in the same manner as described above.
- a sample was prepared in which a buried wiring (isolated wiring) having a width of 0.25 ⁇ m, a depth of 0.45 m, and a length of 185 ⁇ m was formed on the surface of a silicon substrate. Then, the surface of the sample was contacted (immersed) with diluted 0.5 M oxalic acid for 60 seconds to wash the sample surface, and rinsed with pure water for 60 seconds. The surface of the sample is contacted (immersed) for 60 seconds with a treatment solution (catalyst solution) containing a nitrogen-containing polymer (50 ppm) in addition to the j1 ⁇ 2 medium ion (Pd ion), and the catalyst is applied. Rinse with pure water for 60 seconds. Next, the surface of the sample was contacted (immersed) with a Co WP electroless plating solution for 120 seconds to perform an electroless plating process.
- a treatment solution catalyst solution
- a nitrogen-containing polymer 50 ppm
- Pd ion j
- Example 2 A sample similar to that of Example 1 was prepared. Then, the surface of the sample was contacted (immersed) with diluted 0.5 M oxalic acid for 60 seconds to wash the sample surface, and rinsed with pure water for 60 seconds. Then, a treatment solution (catalyst solution) containing a secondary carboxylic acid (lOgZL) in addition to the catalyst ion (Pd ion) is brought into contact (immersion) for 60 seconds with the sample surface to apply the catalyst. And rinsed with pure water for 60 seconds. Next, the surface of the sample was contacted (immersed) with a Co WP electroless solution for 120 seconds to perform electroless plating.
- a treatment solution catalyst solution
- lOgZL secondary carboxylic acid
- Example 1 the resistance value of the wiring before and after performing the series of electroless plating treatments was measured, and the rate of change was determined.
- Example 1 A sample similar to that of Example 1 was prepared. Then, the diluted inorganic acid was brought into contact (immersion) with the sample surface for 60 seconds to wash the sample surface, and rinsed with pure water for 60 seconds. Then, a treatment solution (catalyst solution) containing catalyst ions (Pd ions) was brought into contact (immersion) for 60 seconds on the surface of the sample to perform a catalyst application treatment, and rinsed with pure water for 60 seconds. Next, an electroless plating solution of CoWP was immersed in the surface of the sample for 120 seconds to perform electroless plating.
- a treatment solution catalyst solution
- Pd ions catalyst ions
- Example 1 Before and after performing this series of electroless plating, The resistance of the wiring was measured, and the rate of change was determined.
- FIG. 28 shows the ratio of the rate of change of resistance in Example 1 and Example 2 when the rate of change of resistance in Comparative Example was 1.0. From FIG. 28, it can be seen that in Examples 1 and 2, the increase in the resistance of the wiring before and after performing a series of electroless plating is significantly improved compared to the comparative example. You can see that. '
- the present invention for example, it is possible to prevent copper and the like from being locally excessively etched along a particularly fragile crystal grain boundary, an interface between a wiring and a barrier layer, and to improve a wiring (base metal).
- a metal film (protective film) can be reliably formed on the exposed surface by electroless plating.
- the surface of the wiring of a semiconductor device having a buried wiring structure can be selectively covered with a protective film and protected without inviting a decrease in wiring reliability or an increase in wiring resistance. it can.
- the polishing residue on the substrate and the oxide film on the surface of the wiring are removed immediately after polishing, and the substrate provided with a catalyst on the surface of the wiring is washed and dried. Oxidation of the wiring surface can be suppressed.
- the substrate after applying the catalyst and drying it in a storage container whose internal atmosphere is controlled it is possible to prevent the surface and internal state of the copper wiring, for example, from changing during the storage of the substrate. Prevention and stable formation of metal film (protective film) by electroless plating on the surface of wiring formed by CMP without deteriorating the reliability of wiring and improving throughput. Can be.
- a pretreatment such as applying a catalyst or pre-cleaning at night, which is a treatment optimized for the base metal, thereby deteriorating the electrical characteristics of the base metal such as wiring.
- a high-quality protective film metal film
- the substrate processing method and apparatus provide a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, such as a semiconductor wafer or the like, by embedding a conductor (wiring material) such as copper or silver in a fine wiring recess provided on the surface of a substrate such as a semiconductor wafer. It is used for selectively forming a protective film for covering the wiring and protecting the wiring by electroless plating.
- a conductor wiring material
- a protective film for covering the wiring and protecting the wiring by electroless plating.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP05704220A EP1717344A4 (en) | 2004-01-23 | 2005-01-21 | PROCESS FOR PROCESSING A SUBSTRATE, CATALYST PROCESS LIQUID, AND SUBSTRATE PROCESSING DEVICE |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
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JP2004-016379 | 2004-01-23 | ||
JP2004016379A JP2005206905A (ja) | 2004-01-23 | 2004-01-23 | 基板処理方法及び装置、並びに処理液 |
JP2004192061A JP2006009131A (ja) | 2004-06-29 | 2004-06-29 | 基板処理方法及び装置 |
JP2004-192061 | 2004-06-29 | ||
JP2004-192060 | 2004-06-29 | ||
JP2004192060A JP2006009130A (ja) | 2004-06-29 | 2004-06-29 | 基板処理方法及び装置 |
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WO2005071138A1 true WO2005071138A1 (ja) | 2005-08-04 |
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PCT/JP2005/001167 WO2005071138A1 (ja) | 2004-01-23 | 2005-01-21 | 基板処理方法及び触媒処理液及び基板処理装置 |
Country Status (3)
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US (3) | US7285492B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1717344A4 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005071138A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20100105154A1 (en) | 2010-04-29 |
US7285492B2 (en) | 2007-10-23 |
EP1717344A4 (en) | 2008-08-20 |
US20080000776A1 (en) | 2008-01-03 |
EP1717344A1 (en) | 2006-11-02 |
US20050245080A1 (en) | 2005-11-03 |
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