WO2006028260A1 - 金属膜の成膜方法及び装置 - Google Patents
金属膜の成膜方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006028260A1 WO2006028260A1 PCT/JP2005/016874 JP2005016874W WO2006028260A1 WO 2006028260 A1 WO2006028260 A1 WO 2006028260A1 JP 2005016874 W JP2005016874 W JP 2005016874W WO 2006028260 A1 WO2006028260 A1 WO 2006028260A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- substrate
- wiring
- film
- forming
- plating
- Prior art date
Links
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 145
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
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- YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]propan-1-one Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)CCC(=O)N1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- JUPQTSLXMOCDHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,4-diol;bis(4-fluorophenyl)methanone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JUPQTSLXMOCDHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/283—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
- H01L21/288—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a liquid, e.g. electrolytic deposition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1619—Apparatus for electroless plating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1633—Process of electroless plating
- C23C18/1655—Process features
- C23C18/1664—Process features with additional means during the plating process
- C23C18/1669—Agitation, e.g. air introduction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/31—Coating with metals
- C23C18/32—Coating with nickel, cobalt or mixtures thereof with phosphorus or boron
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76841—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers
- H01L21/76843—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers formed in openings in a dielectric
- H01L21/76846—Layer combinations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76841—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers
- H01L21/76843—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers formed in openings in a dielectric
- H01L21/76849—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers formed in openings in a dielectric the layer being positioned on top of the main fill metal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76841—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers
- H01L21/76871—Layers specifically deposited to enhance or enable the nucleation of further layers, i.e. seed layers
- H01L21/76874—Layers specifically deposited to enhance or enable the nucleation of further layers, i.e. seed layers for electroless plating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for forming a metal film, and more particularly to a metal film that covers an exposed surface of an embedded wiring formed on the surface of a substrate such as a semiconductor wafer to protect the wiring, and a surface of the substrate.
- the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for forming a metal film used to form a metal film or the like that is embedded in a recessed portion for wiring to form a field wiring.
- a process for forming semiconductor devices As a process for forming semiconductor devices, a process (so-called damascene process) in which metal (conductor) is buried in trenches and contact holes as wiring recesses is being used. This is because the trench or contact hole formed in advance in the interlayer insulating film is filled with aluminum, and in recent years, metal such as copper or silver, and then the excess metal is removed by chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) and planarized. Process technology.
- CMP chemical mechanical polishing
- this type of wiring for example, copper wiring using copper as the wiring material, prevents thermal diffusion of the wiring (copper) to the interlayer insulation film and improves electrification to improve reliability.
- a metal such as tantalum, titanium or tungsten or a nitride thereof has been generally used as this type of barrier film, and a silicon nitride or the like has been generally used as an anti-oxidation film.
- the wiring protective film made of cobalt alloy, nickel alloy, or the like is used to selectively cover the bottom and side surfaces of the embedded wiring, or the exposed surface. Prevention of thermal diffusion, electromigration and oxidation of wiring is being studied.
- the recording wiring is covered with a magnetic film such as a cobalt alloy or a nickel alloy in order to suppress an increase in write current due to miniaturization.
- This cobalt alloy, nickel alloy, or the like can be obtained, for example, by non-electric square plating.
- FIG. 1A to 1D show an example of forming a copper wiring in a semiconductor device in the order of steps.
- an insulating film such as an oxide film made of Si 2 O 2 or a low-k material film is formed on a conductive layer 1 a on a semiconductor substrate 1 on which a semiconductor element is formed.
- Interlayer insulating film 2) is deposited, and contact hole 3 and trench 4 are formed as recesses for wiring inside this insulating film 2 by, for example, lithography 'etching technology, and a barrier made of T a N or the like is formed thereon.
- a seed layer 6 as a power supply layer for electrolytic plating is formed on the layer 5 by sputtering or the like.
- the contact hole 3 and the trench 4 of the substrate W are filled with copper, and the copper layer 7 is formed on the insulating film 2.
- the barrier layer 5, the seed layer 6, and the copper layer 7 on the insulating film 2 are removed by chemical mechanical polishing (CMP), and the surface of the copper layer 7 filled in the contact hole 3 and the trench 4. And the surface of the insulating film 2 are almost flush with each other.
- CMP chemical mechanical polishing
- a wiring protective film (covering material) 9 made of, for example, a Co WP alloy is selectively applied to the surface of the wiring 8.
- a wiring protective film 9 made of, for example, a Co WP alloy
- the substrate W such as a semiconductor wafer subjected to the CMP process is immersed in, for example, dilute sulfuric acid at room temperature for about 1 minute, and the copper remaining on the surface of the insulating film 2 is left on the wiring. Remove oxide film and the like.
- a cleaning solution such as pure water, for example, P d SO ⁇
- Substrate W is immersed in the mixed solution of ZH 2 S 0 4 or P d C 1 2 / HC 1 for about 1 minute, and this causes Pd as a catalyst to adhere to the surface of wiring 8, thereby exposing the exposed surface of wiring 8. Activate.
- the substrate W was immersed in a Co WP plating solution at a solution temperature of 80 for about 120 seconds for activation.
- a selective electroless plating is applied to the surface of the wiring 8, and then the surface of the substrate W is cleaned with a cleaning solution such as pure water and dried.
- a wiring protective film 9 made of a CoWP alloy is selectively formed on the exposed surface of the wiring 8 to protect the wiring 8.
- a wiring protective film (metal film) 9 made of an alloy having W such as CoWP or CoWB is selectively formed on the surface of the wiring 8 by electroless plating
- the W content in the metal film (alloy) is low (for example, 2 wt% or less)
- the metal film is not easily affected by the surface condition (morphology) of the underlying metal (wiring).
- the surface roughness of the film becomes good.
- the deposition reaction is relatively fast, and the deposition of the metal film tends to be the rate-limiting of the supply of each composition of the processing solution. Therefore, the pattern dependency is increased, and the wiring width on the surface of the substrate is increased or decreased As a result, the variation in the thickness of the metal film on the entire surface of the substrate increases.
- the precipitation reaction is relatively slow because there are many W components in the plating bath during film formation.
- the film thickness of the metal film on the entire surface of the substrate becomes less dependent on the size of the wiring width on the substrate surface and the density of the wiring.
- the metal film is easily affected by the surface state (morphology) of the underlying metal (wiring), and therefore the surface roughness of the metal film is deteriorated and the film thickness of the metal film becomes non-uniform.
- the first plating is performed using the first bath with low W content or without W, and then the second content with high W content or the second content with W content.
- a second stage plating in which the second stage plating is performed using a plating bath. In this way, when the second step is performed, not only the plating apparatus itself becomes larger and the footprint becomes larger, but also the metal film between each step of plating There are problems such as difficult management of the surface condition. Disclosure of the invention
- This film was developed in view of the above circumstances, and a metal film deposition method that allows metal films having different film quality to be continuously formed in the film thickness direction using the same processing solution. And to provide a device.
- the metal film deposition method of the present invention provides a substrate in which a buried wiring is formed in a concave portion for wiring on the surface, and the surface of the substrate is brought into contact with the treatment liquid By changing the relative flow state of the treatment liquid with respect to the film, metal films having different film qualities in the film thickness direction are continuously formed on the surface of the wiring.
- metal films having different film qualities in the film thickness direction can be continuously formed using the same processing liquid without performing the second step using plating liquids having different compositions. Can do.
- the flow state of the treatment liquid relative to the surface of the substrate can be changed by increasing or decreasing the relative flow rate of the treatment liquid relative to the substrate surface during film formation.
- the concentration of the W component in the electroless plating bath is different from other components.
- the W supply characteristic is the most suitable for the film quality of the deposited metal film. It is considered to have an influence. Therefore, the flow rate of the treatment liquid near the surface of the substrate is increased in the middle of the film formation to increase the concentration of the W component in the treatment liquid located near the surface of the substrate, so that the film is formed in the later stage of plating.
- the W content in the metal film is larger than the W content in the metal film formed at the initial stage, which can improve both the surface roughness and pattern dependence of the metal film. it can.
- a substrate having a wiring recess formed on a surface thereof is prepared, and the surface of the substrate is in contact with the treatment liquid while the treatment liquid is applied to the surface of the substrate.
- a metal film having a different film quality in the film thickness direction is continuously formed on the surface of the substrate, and the metal film is embedded in the recess.
- the film is formed by changing the flow state of the treatment liquid in the vicinity of the surface of the substrate.
- a metal film with different characteristic quantities (film quality) such as copper orientation and resistivity is continuously formed on the surface of the substrate in the film thickness direction.
- the flow state of the processing liquid with respect to the surface of the substrate can be changed by changing the rotation speed of the substrate.
- the flow state of the treatment liquid relative to the surface of the substrate may be changed by changing the flow rate of the treatment liquid in the treatment tank.
- the strength of the swirling flow is increased by changing the circulation amount so that the treatment liquid in the treatment tank is swirled.
- the flow state of the processing liquid in the vicinity of the surface of the substrate can be changed by changing the stirring strength.
- a substrate having embedded wiring formed of a plurality of wiring layers on the surface is prepared, and the flow state of the processing liquid in the vicinity of the surface of the substrate is changed while the surface of the substrate is in contact with the processing liquid, and the wiring
- the number of wiring layers is judged, and the flow state or flow state change method near the substrate surface is determined according to the number of layers. May be changed.
- the wiring pattern differs depending on the layer of the multilayer wiring, and the specifications required for the wiring or the wiring protective film on the wiring are required. None of them match.
- the metal film deposition apparatus of the present invention includes: a substrate holder that holds a substrate; a treatment tank that holds a treatment liquid that is in contact with the surface of the substrate held by the substrate holder; and A drive control system is provided that changes the relative flow state of the processing liquid to the substrate in the vicinity of the surface of the substrate in contact with the processing liquid in the tank.
- the drive control system includes a rotation device that rotates the substrate holder, and a control unit that controls the rotation speed of the rotation device.
- the drive control system preferably includes a liquid flow device that causes the treatment liquid to flow in the treatment tank, and a control unit that controls a drive unit of the liquid flow device.
- a substrate on which a first wiring layer is formed on the surface is prepared.
- a step of forming a wiring protective film on the surface of the second wiring layer while bringing the surface of the wiring layer into contact with a processing solution, and forming a wiring protective film on the surface of the first wiring layer In the step of forming a wiring protective film on the surface of the second wiring layer, the flow state of the treatment liquid relative to the surface of the wiring layer or the method of changing the flow state is different.
- the composition of the treatment liquid may be the same.
- FIG. 1A to 1D are diagrams showing examples of copper wiring formation in a semiconductor device in the order of steps.
- FIG. 2 is a plan layout view of a substrate processing apparatus provided with a film forming apparatus (electroless plating apparatus) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a front view of the substrate delivery with the outer tank of the cleaning and catalyst application device omitted. is there.
- FIG. 4 is a front view of the chemical treatment without the outer tank of the cleaning and catalyst application device.
- FIG. 5 is a front view at the time of rinsing with the outer tank of the cleaning and catalyst application device omitted.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a processing head at the time of substrate delivery of the cleaning and catalyst application unit integrated unit.
- FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of part A in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a view corresponding to FIG. 7 when the cleaning / catalyst applying device is fixed to the substrate.
- Fig. 9 is a system diagram of the cleaning and catalyst application device.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the substrate head during delivery of the substrate of the electroless plating apparatus (film forming apparatus).
- FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of part B of FIG.
- Fig. 12 is a diagram corresponding to Fig. 11 showing the substrate head when the substrate of the electroless plating apparatus is fixed.
- Fig. 13 is a view corresponding to Fig. 11 showing the substrate head during the plating process of the electroless plating apparatus.
- Fig. 14 is a partial cut front view showing the plating tank when the plating tank canopy of the electroless plating apparatus is closed.
- FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing the cleaning tank of the electroless plating apparatus.
- Fig. 16 is a system diagram of the electroless plating equipment.
- FIG. 17 is a plan view showing the post-processing apparatus.
- Fig. 18 is a longitudinal front view showing the drying device.
- FIG. 19 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between each component A to F of the plating solution and the limit concentration that affects the film quality of the metal film of each component A to F.
- FIG. 20 is a graph showing the results of SIMS analysis of the W content in the metal films obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 1 1 and 1 1 2.
- FIG. 1D An example in which a wiring protective film (cover material) 9 for protecting the wiring 8 is formed is shown.
- the wiring protective film 9 is composed of a metal film made of a CoWP alloy.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view of a substrate processing apparatus provided with an electroless plating apparatus (film forming apparatus) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- this substrate processing apparatus is equipped with a substrate cassette containing a substrate W of a semiconductor device or the like in which a wiring (underlying metal) 8 made of copper or the like is formed on the surface in the state shown in FIG. 1C.
- a mouthpiece for unloading is provided.
- a cleaning device that cleans the surface of the substrate W (cleaning after CMP or cleaning before fitting), and a substrate surface after cleaning, for example, P d
- Two cleaning and catalyst application devices 14 that are integrated with a catalyst application device that applies a catalyst such as the above are arranged.
- the equipment frame 1 2 Inside the equipment frame 1 2 are two electroless plating devices 1 6 that perform electroless plating on the surface (surface to be treated) of the substrate W.
- the wiring formed on the surface of the wiring 8 by electroless plating In order to improve the selectivity of the protective film (metal film) 9 (see Fig. 1D), post-plating treatment equipment 1 8 that performs post-treatment of the substrate W, and drying equipment 2 that dries the post-treatment substrate W 2 0 and temporary table 22 are arranged.
- the apparatus frame 1 2 2 there are a first substrate transfer robot 2 4 for transferring the substrate W between the substrate cassette mounted on the load / unload unit 10 and the temporary table 2 2, and the temporary table.
- a second substrate transfer robot 26 that transfers substrates between 2 2 and each device 14, 16, 18, 2 ° is arranged to run freely.
- the washing and catalyst application device 1 4 uses a two-component separation system that prevents mixing of different liquids. Therefore, the periphery of the lower surface, which is the surface to be processed (front surface) of the substrate W transferred face down, is sealed, and the back surface is pressed to fix the substrate W.
- the washing and catalyst application device 14 includes a fixed frame 52 attached to the upper part of the frame 50 and a moving frame that moves up and down relative to the fixed frame 52.
- a processing head 60 having a bottomed cylindrical housing portion 56 and a substrate holder 58 is suspended and supported by the moving frame 54.
- a servo motor 62 for rotating the head is attached to the moving frame 5 4, and the output shaft (hollow shaft) 6 4 extending below the servo motor 62 is connected to the lower end of the processing head 60.
- Housing section 5 6 is connected.
- a vertical shaft 6 8 that rotates integrally with the output shaft 6 4 is inserted into the output shaft 6 4 via a spline 6 6. Further, a substrate holder 58 of the processing head 60 is connected via a pole joint 7 °. The substrate holder 58 is located inside the housing portion 56.
- the upper end of the vertical shaft 68 is connected to a fixed ring lifting cylinder 74 fixed to the moving frame 54 via a bearing 72 and a bracket. As a result, the vertical shaft 6 8 moves up and down independently of the output shaft 6 4 in accordance with the operation of the lifting cylinder 7 4.
- a linear guide 76 is attached to the fixed frame 52 to extend in the vertical direction and serves as a guide for raising and lowering the moving frame 54, and moves according to the operation of the head lifting cylinder (not shown).
- Frame 5 4 moves up and down using linear guide 7 6 as a guide.
- a substrate insertion window 56a for inserting the substrate W therein.
- a peripheral portion is sandwiched between a main frame 80 made of PEEK and a guide frame 82, for example, at the lower portion of the housing portion 56 of the processing head 60.
- the seal ring 84 is arranged. This seal ring 84 abuts on the peripheral edge of the lower surface of the substrate W and is used for sealing.
- a substrate fixing ring 8 6 is fixed to the peripheral edge of the lower surface of the substrate holder 58 and the elasticity of the spring 8 8 disposed inside the substrate fixing ring 8 6 of the substrate holder 58.
- a cylindrical pusher 90 protrudes downward from the lower surface of the substrate fixing ring 86 via force.
- the inside is hermetically sealed, for example, a flexible bellows plate 9 2 made of Teflon (registered trademark). Is arranged.
- the substrate W is inserted into the housing portion 56 through the substrate insertion window 56 a while the substrate holder 58 is raised. Then, the substrate W is guided to a taper surface 8 2 a provided on the inner peripheral surface of the guide frame 82, positioned, and placed at a predetermined position on the upper surface of the seal ring 84. In this state, the substrate holder 58 is lowered, and the pusher 90 of the substrate fixing ring 86 is brought into contact with the upper surface of the substrate W. Then, by further lowering the substrate holder 5 8, the substrate W is pressed downward by the elastic force of the spring 8 8, so that the peripheral edge of the surface (lower surface) of the substrate W is pressed by the seal ring 8 4. Then, the substrate W is sandwiched and held between the housing portion 56 and the substrate holder 58 while sealing here.
- a treatment tank 100 (see FIG. 9) is provided.
- a pair of leg portions 104 attached to the lid body 102 are rotatably supported on the outer peripheral portion of the inner tank 100 b.
- a crank 10 6 is connected to the leg 10 4 and a free end of the crank 10 6 is rotatably connected to a rod 1 1 0 of a housing moving cylinder 1 0 8. ing.
- the lid 10 2 moves between the processing position covering the upper end opening of the inner tub 10 0 b and the side retracted position.
- a nozzle plate 1 1 2 having a number of injection nozzles 1 1 2 a for injecting pure water outward (upward), for example.
- the chemical liquid supplied from the chemical tank 1 2 0 as the chemical pump 1 2 2 is driven, that is, the cleaning liquid, is disposed in the inner tank 1 0 0 b of the processing tank 1 100.
- a nozzle plate having a plurality of injection nozzles 1 2 4 a for injecting a treatment liquid (catalyst treatment liquid) upward 1 2 4 a is a transverse section of the inner tank 1 0 0 b It is arranged in a more evenly distributed state over the entire surface.
- a drain pipe 1 2 6 for discharging a chemical solution (drainage liquid) to the outside is connected to the bottom surface of the tank 100 b.
- a three-way valve 1 2 8 is installed in the middle of the drain pipe 1 2 6, and if necessary, via a return pipe 1 3 0 connected to one outlet port of the three-way valve 1 2 8.
- this chemical solution (drainage) can be returned to the chemical solution tank 120 and reused.
- the first chemical tank holding the above-mentioned cleaning liquid and the second chemical tank holding the above-mentioned processing liquid are shown. These two chemical liquid tanks are provided, and the cleaning liquid or the processing liquid is selectively supplied to the injection nozzle 1 2 4 a from one of the first chemical liquid tank or the second chemical liquid tank and injected.
- the nose / leather plate 1 1 2 provided on the surface (upper surface) of the lid body 10 2 is connected to a rinse liquid supply source 1 3 2 for supplying a rinse liquid such as pure water. Yes.
- a drain pipe 1 2 7 is also connected to the bottom surface of the outer tub 1 0 0 a.
- the processing head 60 holding the substrate is lowered to cover the upper end opening of the inner tub 10 O b so as to be covered with the processing head 60, and in this state, Nozzle plate 1 2 4 placed inside the inner tank 1 0 b b Spraying nozzle 1 2 4 a a chemical solution, that is, a cleaning solution for the cleaning process, a processing solution (catalyst processing solution) for the catalyst application process, and the substrate W
- a chemical solution that is, a cleaning solution for the cleaning process, a processing solution (catalyst processing solution) for the catalyst application process, and the substrate W
- the chemical solution is sprayed uniformly over the entire bottom surface (processing surface) of the substrate W, and the chemical solution is discharged from the drain pipe 1 2 6 while preventing the chemical solution from splashing outside. it can.
- the processing head 60 is raised, and the upper end opening of the inner tank 100 b is closed by the lid body 10 2, and the lid is directed toward the substrate W held by the processing head 60.
- the rinse liquid By spraying the rinse liquid from the nozzle plate 1 1 2 a of the nozzle plate 1 1 2 arranged on the upper surface of the body 1 0 2, The chemical solution remaining on the substrate surface is rinsed (cleaning treatment), and this rinse solution passes between the outer tank 10 0 a and the inner tank 1 0 0 b and is discharged through the drain pipe 1 2 7. Therefore, it is prevented from flowing into the inner tank 100 b, and the rinse liquid is not mixed with the chemical liquid.
- the substrate W is inserted and held therein, and then, as shown in FIG. As described above, the processing head 60 is lowered to be positioned so as to cover the upper end opening of the inner tank 100 b. Then, by rotating the processing head 60 and rotating the base plate W held by the processing head 60, the nozzle nozzle 1 2 4 disposed in the inner tank 100 b 1 2 4 aA chemical solution, that is, a cleaning solution or a treatment solution (catalyst treatment solution) is sprayed toward the substrate, so that the chemical solution is uniformly sprayed over the entire surface of the substrate W.
- a cleaning solution or a treatment solution catalyst treatment solution
- the processing head 60 is raised and stopped at a predetermined position, and as shown in FIG. 5, the lid 10 0 2 which is in the retracted position covers the upper end opening of the inner tank 100 0 b.
- the rinsing liquid is sprayed from the spray nozzles 1 1 2 a of the nozzle plate 1 1 2 placed on the upper surface of the lid body 10 2 toward the substrate W held and rotated by the processing head 60. Inject.
- the treatment of the substrate W with the chemical solution and the rinsing treatment with the rinse solution can be performed while preventing the two liquids from being mixed.
- FIGS. 10 to 14 An electroless plating apparatus 16 is shown in FIGS. 10 to 14. This electroless plating apparatus 16 is disposed above the plating tank 20 0 (see FIG. 14) as a processing tank and the plating tank (processing tank) 2 0 0 so that the substrate W can be freely attached and detached. It has a substrate head 204 to hold.
- the substrate head 2 0 4 has a housing portion 2 3 0 and a substrate holder 2 3 2, and the substrate holder 2 3 2 is a suction head 2 3 4 And a substrate receiver 2 3 6 surrounding the periphery of the adsorption head 2 3 4.
- the housing portion 2 3 0 contains a substrate rotation motor 2 3 8 and a substrate receiving drive cylinder 2 4 0, and an output shaft (hollow shaft) 2 4 of the substrate rotation motor 2 3 8
- the upper end of 2 is the rotary joint 2 4 4 and the lower end is the suction head 2 of the substrate holder 2 3 2
- the rods of the cylinder receiving drive cylinder 2 40 are connected to the substrate holder 2 3 6 of the substrate holder 2 3 2.
- a stock ring, 2 46 which mechanically restricts the rise of the substrate receiver 2 3 6.
- This substrate rotation motor 2 3 8 plays a role as a rotation device for rotating the substrate holder 2 3 2 holding the substrate W, and the rotation speed of this substrate rotation motor (rotation device) 2 3 8 is controlled It is arbitrarily controlled by the signal of the part 2 90 force.
- the substrate rotating motor (rotating device) 2 3 8 and the control unit 2 90 hold the substrate holder 2 3 2 and contact the plating solution in the plating bath 2 0 0 near the surface of the substrate W.
- a drive control system that changes the flow state of the plating solution is configured. That is, in this example, the rotational speed of the substrate holder 2 3 2 is controlled (changed) by the control unit 2 90, so that the sag liquid flowing along the surface of the substrate W held by the substrate holder 2 3 2 The flow rate changes.
- a spline structure is adopted between the suction head 2 3 4 and the substrate receiver 2 3 6, and the substrate receiver 2 3 6 is brought into the suction state by the operation of the substrate receiver drive cylinder 2 40. Force that moves up and down relative to the head 2 3 4 When the output shaft 2 4 2 rotates by driving the substrate rotating motor 2 3 8, the suction head 2 3 4 And the substrate holder 2 3 6 rotate together.
- the suction ring 2 5 0 has a holding ring 2 5 0 that holds the substrate W with the lower surface as a sealing surface.
- the concave part 2500a continuously attached in the circumferential direction to the lower surface of the suction ring 2550 and the vacuum line 252 extending in the suction head 2 3 4 Communicating with each other through a communication hole 2 5 0 b provided in the ring 2 5 0. In this way, the substrate W is sucked and held by evacuating the concave portion 2500a. Thus, the substrate W is held by vacuuming in a circumferential manner with a small width (radial direction).
- Substrate W Release is performed by supplying N 2 to the vacuum line 2 5 2.
- the substrate receiver 2 3 6 is formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape that opens downward, and the peripheral wall is provided with a substrate insertion opening 2 3 6 a for inserting the substrate W therein, and the lower end is provided with an inner A disc-shaped claw portion 2 5 4 is provided to protrude in the direction. Further, on the upper portion of the claw portion 25 4, a protruding piece 2 56 having a tapered surface 2 56 6 a serving as a guide for the substrate W on the inner peripheral surface is provided.
- the substrate W is inserted into the substrate receiver 2 3 6 through the substrate insertion window 2 3 6 a with the substrate receiver 2 3 6 lowered. Then, this base plate W is guided by the taper surface 2 56 6 a of the projecting piece 2 56 6, positioned, and placed and held at a predetermined position on the upper surface of the claw portion 2 5 4. In this state, the substrate receiver 2 3 6 is raised, and as shown in FIG. 12, the upper surface of the substrate W placed and held on the claw portion 2 5 4 of the substrate receiver 2 3 6 is placed on the suction head 2 3 4. Contact the suction ring 2 5 0.
- the peripheral edge of the upper surface of the substrate W is sealed to the lower surface of the suction ring 2 5 0 Adsorb and retain W.
- the substrate holder 2 3 6 is lowered by several mm, the substrate W is separated from the claw portion 2 5 4, and the adsorption ring 2 5 0 is used to hold the suction. It will be in the state. As a result, it is possible to prevent the peripheral portion of the front surface (lower surface) of the substrate W from being plated due to the presence of the claw portions 25 4.
- FIG. 14 shows details of the plating bath 200.
- the plating tank 20 0 is connected to a plating solution supply pipe 30 8 (see FIG. 16) at the bottom, and a plating solution collecting groove 2 60 is provided on the peripheral wall portion.
- Two rectifying plates 2 6 2 and 2 6 4 for stabilizing the flow of the plating solution flowing upward are disposed inside the plating tank 2 0 0, and the plating tank 2 0 is further provided at the bottom.
- a temperature measuring device 2 6 6 is installed to measure the temperature of the nail solution introduced inside 0.
- the inside of the plating tank 200 is located slightly above the liquid surface of the plating solution held in the plating tank 20 0 on the outer peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the plating tank 200 and slightly upward in the diameter direction.
- a spray nozzle 2 68 for injecting a stop liquid composed of a neutral liquid having a pH of 6 to 7.5, for example, pure water is installed. This allows plating After the completion, the substrate W held by the substrate holder 2 3 2 is pulled up slightly above the surface of the plating solution and stopped, and in this state, pure water (stopping solution) is directed toward the substrate W from the spray nozzle 2 68. ) To immediately cool the substrate W, thereby preventing the plating from proceeding with the plating solution remaining on the substrate W.
- the upper end opening of the plating tank 200 is closed at the upper end opening of the plating tank 200 when the plating process is not performed during idling or the like.
- a cover tank 2 7 0 that prevents wasteful evaporation of water is openable and closable.
- this plating tank 20 0 extends from the plating solution storage tank 30 2 at the bottom, and includes a plating solution supply pump 3 0 4 and a three-way valve 3 0 6 in the middle. Therefore, it is connected to the liquid supply pipe 3 0 8.
- the plating solution is supplied from the bottom to the inside of the plating tank 200, and the overflowing plating solution is recovered from the fitting liquid recovery groove 26 0 to the plating solution storage tank 30. By doing so, the plating solution can be circulated.
- a plating solution return pipe 3 1 2 that returns to the plating solution storage tank 30 2 is connected to one outlet port of the three-way valve 3 06.
- the plating solution can be circulated even during standby, and this constitutes a plating solution circulation system.
- the rate of decrease in the concentration of the plating solution can be reduced compared to simply storing the plating solution. Therefore, the number of substrates W that can be processed can be increased.
- a plating solution circulation system that circulates the plating solution during the plating process is configured with a liquid flow device that causes the plating solution to flow in the plating tank 200, and as shown in phantom lines in FIG.
- the plating solution supply pump to be circulated 3 0 4 is controlled by the control unit 2 90.
- the control unit 2 90 By changing the circulation amount of the solution, the plating solution held by the substrate holder 2 3 2 is brought into contact with the solution in the 2 0 0 solution.
- a drive control system that changes the flow state of the plating solution in the vicinity of the surface of the substrate W may be configured.
- the plating solution in the plating tank is swirled and the strength of the swirling flow is increased.
- the flow state of the plating solution near the surface of the substrate may be changed, and by stirring the plating solution in the treatment tank and changing the stirring strength, The flow state of the plating solution may be changed.
- the temperature measuring device 2 6 6 provided near the bottom of the plating tank 2 00 measures the temperature of the plating solution introduced into the plating tank 2 0 0, and based on this measurement result, Heater 3 1 6 and flow meter 3 1 8 are controlled.
- the water heated by using a separate heater 3 1 6 and passed through the flow meter 3 1 8 is used as the heat medium, and the heat exchanger 3 2 0 is attached to the liquid storage tank 3 0. 2
- the plating solution may be used at a high temperature (about 80 ° C) in order to cope with this.
- the in-line 'heating method is used. Compared with, it is possible to prevent unwanted materials from entering the very delicate plating solution.
- FIG. 15 shows the details of the cleaning tank 20 2 attached to the side of the plating tank 200.
- a plurality of injection nozzles 2 80 for injecting a rinse liquid such as pure water upward are attached to the nozzle plate 2 8 2 at the bottom of the cleaning tank 20 2, and the nozzle plate 2 8 2 Is connected to the upper end of the vertical axis 2 84. Further, the nozzle vertical shaft 2 8 4 moves up and down by changing the screwing position between the nozzle position adjusting screw 2 8 7 and the nut 2 8 8 screwed with the screw 2 8 7. The distance between the spray nozzle 2 80 and the substrate W disposed above the spray nozzle 2 80 can be optimally adjusted.
- a cleaning liquid such as pure water is sprayed into the cleaning tank 20 2, located above the spray nozzle 28 0 on the outer peripheral surface of the peripheral wall of the cleaning tank 20 2 and slightly diagonally downward in the radial direction.
- a head cleaning nozzle 2 8 6 for spraying cleaning liquid on at least a portion of the substrate holder 2 3 2 of the substrate head 2 0 4 that comes into contact with the fitting liquid is installed.
- the substrate W held by the substrate holder 2 3 2 of the substrate head 2 0 4 is placed at a predetermined position in the cleaning tank 2 0 2, and the spray nozzle 2 8 0 to pure water, etc.
- the substrate W is washed (rinsed) by spraying the cleaning liquid (resin liquid) at this time.
- a cleaning liquid such as pure water is simultaneously ejected from the head cleaning nozzle 2 8 6 to It is possible to prevent the deposits from accumulating in the portion immersed in the plating solution by washing at least the portion of the substrate holder 2 3 2 in contact with the plating solution with the cleaning solution. it can.
- the substrate W 2 4 is lifted by the substrate holder 2 3 2 at the position where the substrate head 2 0 4 is raised as described above. Adsorb and hold and circulate the plating solution in the plating tank.
- the plating tank cover 2700 of the plating tank 200 is opened, the substrate head 2004 is lowered while rotating, and the substrate W held by the substrate holder 2332 is loaded. Immerse in the plating solution in the bath.
- a wiring protective film (metal film) 9 made of a CoWP alloy is selectively formed on the surface of the wiring 8 to protect the wiring 8.
- the flow state of the plating solution in the vicinity of the surface of the substrate W held by the substrate holder 2 3 2 is changed, and the surface of the wiring (underlying metal) 8 has a different film quality in the film thickness direction.
- the wiring protective film (metal film) 9 made of WP alloy the metal film 9 having different film quality in the film thickness direction is continuously formed using the same plating solution. That is, according to this example, in the initial stage of plating, the substrate W is rotated at a low rotational speed, for example, 1 to 30 rpm, preferably 3 to 25 rpm, and more preferably 8 to 18 rpm. .
- the rotation speed of the substrate W is increased, and the substrate W is rotated at a high rotation speed, for example, 10 to 500 rpm, preferably 20 to 200 rpm, more preferably 3 Rotate at 0-60 rpm. This increases the flow rate of the plating solution near the surface of the substrate W during film formation.
- the W concentration in the plating solution located in the vicinity of the surface of the substrate W is increased.
- the W content in the metal film to be formed can be made larger than the W content in the metal film formed in the initial stage of plating.
- the composition of plating solution used for CoWP electroless plating is generally Co metal salt (component A), reducing agent containing P (component, W metal salt (component C), complexing agent (component D). ), A buffer (component E), and a pH adjusting agent (component F), and the film quality of the metal film made of the Co alloy is that of each of the components A to F in the plating solution located near the substrate surface. Although it is affected by the concentration (or substance supply state), the concentration range in which each of the components A to F affects the quality of the metal film is thought to vary depending on the reaction system.
- the thickness of the concentration boundary layer governing the mass transfer changes, and the concentration of each component of the plating solution near the substrate surface changes.
- the concentration boundary layer of each component of the plating solution becomes thinner, which promotes material diffusion near the substrate surface.
- the film quality of the film can be changed.
- the rotation speed of the substrate W during the plating process for example, a metal film made of a CoWP alloy having a different W concentration in the film thickness direction can be continuously formed on the surface of the wiring.
- the rotation speed of the substrate is increased later in the plating process than in the initial plating period, and the W concentration in the vicinity of the surface of the substrate W is increased in the later plating period than in the initial plating period.
- the W content is 2 wt% or less.
- the thickness of the metal film on the entire surface of the substrate can be made less dependent on the wiring width on the substrate surface and the density of the wiring.
- a wiring protective film (metal film) made of a CoWP alloy is formed.
- a metal film made of a single metal such as copper is formed on the surface of the substrate by electrolytic plating, and the metal film (copper) is formed in, for example, the contact hole 3 and the trench 4 shown in FIG. 1A.
- Metal films with different characteristics (film quality) such as copper orientation and resistivity can be continuously formed.
- the substrate head 20 4 is raised, and the substrate W is pulled up from the plating solution in the plating bath 200, and if necessary, As shown in the figure, pure water (stop liquid) is sprayed from the spray nozzle 2 6 8 toward the substrate W to immediately cool the substrate W, and the substrate head 2 0 4 is raised to catch the substrate W. Pull up to a position above 2 0 0 to stop the rotation of the substrate head 2 0 4.
- the plate head 20 4 is moved to a position directly above the washing tank 20 2. Then, while rotating the substrate head 204, the substrate head is lowered to a predetermined position in the cleaning tank 202, and a cleaning liquid (rinsing liquid) such as pure water is sprayed from the spray nozzle 28 80 to clean the substrate W. (Rinse) At the same time, a cleaning liquid such as pure water is sprayed from the head cleaning nozzle 2 8 6, and the substrate holder 2 3 2 of the substrate head 2 0 4 is in contact with at least the contact liquid. Is washed with the washing solution.
- a cleaning liquid such as pure water
- the rotation of the substrate head 204 is stopped, the substrate head 204 is raised, the substrate W is lifted to the upper position of the cleaning tank 202, and further to the substrate.
- the robot 20 is moved to a delivery position with the second substrate transfer robot 26, and the substrate W is transferred to the second substrate transfer port bot 26 and transferred to the next process.
- FIG. 17 shows the post-plating apparatus 18.
- the post-plating processing device 1 8 is a device that forcibly removes particles and unnecessary materials on the substrate W with a roll brush, and a plurality of rollers 4 1 0 holding the substrate W by sandwiching the outer periphery of the substrate W. And a chemical solution nozzle 4 1 2 for supplying treatment liquid (2 lines) to the surface of the substrate W held by the roller 4 1 0 and a pure water nozzle (1 line) for supplying pure water (1 line) to the back surface of the substrate W (Not shown) are provided.
- the substrate W is held by the mouth roller 4 10 and the roller drive motor is driven to rotate the mouth roller 4 1 0 to rotate the substrate W.
- the chemical nozzle 4 1 2 and the pure water nozzle are driven to rotate the front and back surfaces of the substrate W, and the substrate W is sandwiched and washed from above and below with an appropriate upper and lower roll sponge (roll brush).
- the cleaning effect can be increased by rotating the roll sponge alone.
- the post-plating processing device 18 is provided with a sponge (PFR) 4 1 9 that rotates while contacting the edge (outer peripheral portion) of the substrate W, and this sponge 4 1 9 is applied to the edge of the substrate W. Then scrub clean.
- PFR sponge
- FIG. 18 shows the drying apparatus 20.
- the drying apparatus 20 first performs chemical cleaning and pure water cleaning, and then completely drys the cleaned substrate W by rotating the spindle.
- the substrate stage 4 2 2 provided with the clamp mechanism 4 2 2 for holding the edge portion of the substrate W, and the substrate attachment lifting plate 4 2 4 for opening and closing the clamp mechanism 4 2 ° have.
- the substrate stage 4 2 2 is connected to the upper end of a spindle 4 2 8 that rotates at a high speed as the spindle rotating motor 4 2 6 is driven. Furthermore, it is located on the upper surface side of the substrate W gripped by the clamp mechanism 420, and is supplied with pure water with improved cleaning effect by transmitting ultrasonic waves when passing through a special nozzle by an ultrasonic oscillator.
- a jet nozzle 4 3 0 and a rotatable pencil-type cleaning sponge 4 3 2 are mounted and arranged on the free end side of the swivel arm 4 3 4.
- the substrate W is gripped and rotated by the clamp mechanism 4 2 0, and pure water is supplied from the mega jet nozzle 4 3 0 toward the cleaning sponge 4 3 2 while rotating the swing arm 4 3 4.
- the surface of the substrate W is cleaned by rubbing the cleaning sponge 4 3 2 on the surface of the substrate W.
- a cleaning nozzle (not shown) for supplying pure water is also provided on the back surface side of the substrate W, and the back surface of the substrate W is simultaneously cleaned with pure water sprayed from the cleaning nozzle.
- the substrate cleaned in this way is spin-dried by rotating the spindle 4 28 at high speed.
- the cleaning mechanism 4 3 6 is provided to surround the periphery of the substrate W gripped by the clamp mechanism 4 2 0 and prevent the processing liquid from splashing. Ascending / descending cylinder 4 3 8 moves up and down with the operation.
- the drying device 20 may also be equipped with a cavity jet function utilizing a cavity.
- the substrate W having the wiring 8 formed on the surface and dried is stored with the surface of the substrate W facing up (face up) and mounted on the load / unload unit 10. Then, the single substrate W is taken out by the first substrate transporting pot 24, transported to the temporary table 22 and placed thereon. And the substrate W on the temporary table 2 2 is replaced with the second substrate Transported to cleaning and catalyst application device 14 by transport robot 26. In this cleaning and catalyst application device 14, the substrate W is held face-down, and the surface is first cleaned with a cleaning liquid (chemical) as a pretreatment for substrate bonding.
- a cleaning liquid chemical
- This cleaning solution is sprayed toward the surface of the substrate W for 1 minute, for example, to remove the oxides etc. on the wiring 8 to activate the surface of the wiring 8, and at the same time, the CMP residue left on the surface of the substrate W After that, the cleaning liquid remaining on the surface of the substrate W is rinsed (cleaned) with a rinsing liquid such as pure water as necessary.
- a catalyst application process for applying a catalyst such as Pd to this surface is continuously performed while the substrate W is held face down by the cleaning and catalyst application device 14.
- the solution containing the metal catalysts ions for example, a P d S_ ⁇ 4 as a catalyst metal source
- the washing liquid used for washing the above-mentioned
- the mixed and adjusted treatment liquid is sprayed toward the surface of the substrate W for 1 minute, for example, and thereby Pd as a catalyst is imparted to the surface of the wiring 8.
- Pd nuclei as catalyst nuclei (seed) are formed on the surface of the wiring 8, and the exposed surface of the surface wiring of the wiring 8 is activated. After that, the treatment liquid remaining on the surface of the substrate W is rinsed (cleaned) with a rinse liquid such as pure water.
- Sn ion, Ag ion, P t ion, A u ion, Cu ion, Co i ion or Ni i ion are used as catalytic metal ions. Is done. It is particularly preferable to use Pd ions from the viewpoint of reaction rate and other ease of control.
- aqueous solution for dissolving the metal catalyst ions in addition to H 2 S 0 4 in this example, inorganic acids such as HC 1, HN 0 3 or HF, and organic acids such as carboxylic acid and alkane sulfonic acid are used. used.
- the substrate W is transferred to the electroless plating apparatus 16 by the second substrate transfer robot 26, The surface is subjected to electroless plating. That is, for example, the surface of the wiring 8 in which the surface of the substrate W is in contact with a Co WP plating solution having a liquid temperature of 80 ° C. for about 120 seconds, for example, and Pd as a catalyst is supported.
- Selective electroless plating electroless C o WP
- a wiring protective film (cover material) 9 made of CoWP alloy is selectively formed.
- the composition of this plating solution is, for example, as follows.
- the substrate W is rotated at a low rotational speed, for example, 1 to 30 rpm, preferably 3 to 25 rpm, more preferably
- a metal film that is not easily affected by the surface state (morphology) of the underlying metal (wiring) for example, having a W content of 2 wt% or less is formed.
- the rotation speed of the substrate W is increased, and the rotation speed of the substrate W is increased, for example, 10 to 500 rpm, preferably 20 to 200 rpm, and more preferably, By rotating at 30 to 60 rpm, this increases the flow rate of the plating solution in the vicinity of the surface of the substrate W during the film formation, so that the film thickness on the entire surface of the substrate is large or small.
- a metal film with a W content of 2 wt% or more is deposited.
- the substrate W is lifted from the plating solution, and 1) ⁇ 1 is brought into contact with a stop solution consisting of 6 to 7.5 neutral solution on the surface of the substrate W, and the electroless plating process is performed. Stop. This immediately stops the plating reaction immediately after the substrate W is lifted from the plating solution, and prevents plating unevenness from occurring in the plating film.
- This treatment time is preferably 1 to 5 seconds, for example, and examples of the stop solution include pure water, hydrogen gas-dissolved water, and electrolytic cathode water.
- rinsing liquid is rinsed (cleaned) with a rinsing liquid such as pure water to remain on the surface of the substrate.
- a wiring protective film 9 made of a CoWP alloy film is formed on the surface of the wiring 8. Selectively formed to protect the wiring 8.
- the substrate W after the electroless plating process is transferred to the post-processing apparatus 18 by the second substrate transfer robot 26, where the wiring protective film (metal film) formed on the surface of the substrate W is transferred.
- Post-plating treatment post-cleaning
- a post-plating processing solution chemical solution
- the plating residue such as metal fine particles is completely removed to improve the plating selectivity.
- the post-processed substrate W is transported to the drying apparatus 20 by the second substrate transport robot 26, where it is rinsed as necessary, and then the substrate W is rotated at high speed. Spin dry.
- the substrate W after the spin drying is placed on the temporary table 2 2 by the second substrate transport robot 26, and the substrate placed on the temporary table 22 is loaded into the first substrate transport port pot 24. Return to the substrate cassette mounted on the De-Unload Unit.
- a metal film (wiring protective film) made of Co WP alloy is formed.
- Co alloys such as Co WB, Co P, and Co B are shown.
- a metal film (wiring protective film) made of an Ni alloy such as Ni WP, Ni WB, Ni P, or Ni B may be formed.
- a non-metallic wiring protective film such as Si N, Si C, or Si CN may be formed by a wet process.
- a copper film (metal film) 7 for example, on the surface of the substrate W having the contact hole 3 and the trench 4 as the recesses for wiring shown in FIG. 1A, for example, with an electrolytic contact, as shown in FIG. IB, a copper film (metal film) 7
- Metal films with different characteristics (film quality) such as copper orientation and resistivity can be continuously formed on the surface of the substrate in the film thickness direction.
- Sample 1 was a semiconductor wafer with a solid copper film on the surface and a diameter of 30 O mm. Prepared. A series of electroless plating processes were performed on the surface of Sample 1 under the plating conditions shown in Table 1 below to form a metal film made of a CoWP alloy.
- the W content in the metal film obtained by electroless plating while rotating the substrate at a high constant rotation speed of 3 N is electroless while rotating the substrate at a low constant rotation speed N.
- FIG. 20 shows the results of S IMS (secondary ion mass spectrometry) analysis of the W content in the metal films obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 1 1 and 1 1 2.
- Example 1 the W content on the surface of Sample 1 is changed by changing the rotation speed of Sample 1 from a low rotation speed N to a high rotation speed 3 N during film formation. It can be seen that different metal films can be continuously formed in the film thickness direction.
- a sample 2 was prepared as a semiconductor wafer with a diameter of 30 Omm in which a sparse wiring portion having a plurality of wirings on the surface and a dense wiring portion having a dense wiring were formed.
- a series of electroless plating processes were performed on the surface of Sample 2 under the plating conditions shown in Table 1 above, and a metal film made of CoWP alloy was selectively formed on the surface of the wiring of Sample 2. Filmed.
- metal films wiring protective films
- the W content different, both surface roughness and pattern dependency are improved, and the surface of the wiring formed on the substrate is selectively covered with a metal film made of ic OWP alloy to protect the wiring.
- the metal film forming method and apparatus of the present invention includes a metal film that covers an exposed surface of an embedded wiring formed on the surface of a substrate such as a semiconductor wafer to protect the wiring, and a metal film that is provided on the surface of the substrate. Used to form a metal film or the like that is embedded in a recess for a wiring and forms a wiring.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2004260527A JP4503401B2 (ja) | 2004-09-08 | 2004-09-08 | 金属膜の成膜方法及び配線の形成方法 |
JP2004-260527 | 2004-09-08 |
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WO2006028260A1 true WO2006028260A1 (ja) | 2006-03-16 |
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PCT/JP2005/016874 WO2006028260A1 (ja) | 2004-09-08 | 2005-09-07 | 金属膜の成膜方法及び装置 |
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US (1) | US7498261B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4503401B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006028260A1 (ja) |
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JP2006093357A (ja) * | 2004-09-22 | 2006-04-06 | Ebara Corp | 半導体装置及びその製造方法、並びに処理液 |
US20080082338A1 (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-03 | O'neil Michael P | Systems and methods for secure voice identification and medical device interface |
US20130234325A1 (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2013-09-12 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Filled through-silicon via and the fabrication method thereof |
US10325876B2 (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2019-06-18 | Nxp Usa, Inc. | Surface finish for wirebonding |
WO2016122584A1 (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2016-08-04 | Hewlett Packard Development Company, L.P. | Atomic layer deposition passivation for via |
Citations (5)
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JPH04183893A (ja) * | 1990-11-19 | 1992-06-30 | Shinko Kosen Kogyo Kk | Zn―Ni合金めっき鋼線及びその製造方法 |
JPH10261635A (ja) * | 1997-03-18 | 1998-09-29 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 半導体装置 |
JP2003179000A (ja) * | 2001-12-12 | 2003-06-27 | Sony Corp | 半導体装置及びその製造方法 |
JP2003253488A (ja) * | 2002-03-07 | 2003-09-10 | Ebara Corp | 電解処理装置 |
JP2003293193A (ja) * | 2002-04-02 | 2003-10-15 | Nec Electronics Corp | 微細回路配線形成方法およびこれに用いる装置 |
Family Cites Families (5)
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US5300813A (en) | 1992-02-26 | 1994-04-05 | International Business Machines Corporation | Refractory metal capped low resistivity metal conductor lines and vias |
US5695810A (en) | 1996-11-20 | 1997-12-09 | Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. | Use of cobalt tungsten phosphide as a barrier material for copper metallization |
US6114243A (en) | 1999-11-15 | 2000-09-05 | Chartered Semiconductor Manufacturing Ltd | Method to avoid copper contamination on the sidewall of a via or a dual damascene structure |
US7060619B2 (en) * | 2003-03-04 | 2006-06-13 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Reduction of the shear stress in copper via's in organic interlayer dielectric material |
US6924232B2 (en) * | 2003-08-27 | 2005-08-02 | Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. | Semiconductor process and composition for forming a barrier material overlying copper |
-
2004
- 2004-09-08 JP JP2004260527A patent/JP4503401B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2005
- 2005-09-07 US US11/219,777 patent/US7498261B2/en active Active
- 2005-09-07 WO PCT/JP2005/016874 patent/WO2006028260A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH04183893A (ja) * | 1990-11-19 | 1992-06-30 | Shinko Kosen Kogyo Kk | Zn―Ni合金めっき鋼線及びその製造方法 |
JPH10261635A (ja) * | 1997-03-18 | 1998-09-29 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 半導体装置 |
JP2003179000A (ja) * | 2001-12-12 | 2003-06-27 | Sony Corp | 半導体装置及びその製造方法 |
JP2003253488A (ja) * | 2002-03-07 | 2003-09-10 | Ebara Corp | 電解処理装置 |
JP2003293193A (ja) * | 2002-04-02 | 2003-10-15 | Nec Electronics Corp | 微細回路配線形成方法およびこれに用いる装置 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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HONMA T.ET AL: "Preparation of Functionally Graded Magnetic Thin Films by Electroless Deposition Process", JOURNAL OF THE SURFACE SCIENCE SOCIETY OF JAPAN, vol. 22, no. 6, 2001, pages 350 - 356, XP002998158 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20060057839A1 (en) | 2006-03-16 |
US7498261B2 (en) | 2009-03-03 |
JP4503401B2 (ja) | 2010-07-14 |
JP2006077275A (ja) | 2006-03-23 |
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