WO2005041342A1 - 鉛蓄電池及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
鉛蓄電池及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005041342A1 WO2005041342A1 PCT/JP2004/016282 JP2004016282W WO2005041342A1 WO 2005041342 A1 WO2005041342 A1 WO 2005041342A1 JP 2004016282 W JP2004016282 W JP 2004016282W WO 2005041342 A1 WO2005041342 A1 WO 2005041342A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- lead
- acid
- battery
- volatile organic
- separator
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
- H01M10/08—Selection of materials as electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0002—Aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0005—Acid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0011—Sulfuric acid-based
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention is a lead storage battery
- Lead-acid batteries have a history of more than 100 years. At present, despite the fact that new secondary ponds such as the Nikkei Hydrogen Battery Chikmyon ponds are being developed, they have stable quality and are inexpensive. The demand for lead-acid batteries is large. For this reason, it is expected that the capacity of lead storage and the life performance will be improved even now.
- the volatile organic acid dissolves the lead or lead alloy lattice and the active material constituting the lead thunder pond. Therefore, volatile organic acids are valuable for lead storage ponds.
- volatile organic acids are present in the electrolyte at a certain concentration, it will effectively increase the lead storage capacity * and improve the life performance.
- acetic acid turns into lead acetate in contradiction with lead. If acetic acid is present at a high concentration, the decay of the lattice consisting of m is continuous. The progression of the battery leads to a thinner grid, which is not preferred for lead-acid batteries.
- the inventors have found that the concentration of the volatile organic acid capable of obtaining such an effect is 250 mg / L or less. As shown in the examples, the unit is mg / L, and the unit is 1 gram of volatile organic acid per 1 volt of electrolyte. Indicates that it has.
- the volatile organic acid is an organic compound having a canoleboxinole group (one cooH) and having a molecular weight of 100 or less, specifically, HCOOH, CH 3 COOH, C 2 H coo Hn-C 3 H 7 COOH and iso--and H-oo H There is one of
- the first is a method of injecting an electrolyte containing a volatile organic acid into a lead-acid battery.
- the electrolyte When the electrolyte is added, it may be added during the initial charge or battery formation. It may be added after the first charge or battery formation is completed. However, since volatile organic acids are decomposed by charging, if added before initial charging * or tank formation, the volatile organic acid will be charged first, or the volatile organic acid after battery tank formation. Should be adjusted to a concentration of 250 mg L.
- the second is a method using a member that generates volatile organic acids in a lead storage tank.
- a method using a separator containing a specific surfactant in the lead storage tank This surfactant is more susceptible to oxidation with dilute sulfuric acid and anodic oxidation with the positive electrode than resins such as polyethylene, which are the material of the senor. No. As a result, the surfactant is decomposed to generate volatile organic acids.
- the inventor has noticed this point, and uses a separator containing a specific surfactant in a lead pond. This makes it possible to incorporate volatile organic acids into the electrolyte.
- Surfactants that oxidize with dilute sulfuric acid, generate anodes with the positive electrode, and generate volatile organic acids with the oxidation include, for example, di-2-ethyl butyl sulfo coha Sodium sodium citrate and disulfide — There is sodium sulfonyl sulfonate. Therefore, high molecular weight Mixing resin powder, mineral oil, and plasticizer into resin such as polyethylene and polypropylene, etc. These surfactants can be added to the mixture. The mixture is extruded in a sheet form, and after molding, excess surfactant is added to the trichlorethylene and the like. By being extracted and removed with an organic solvent such as oxane, a separator containing a predetermined amount of a surfactant can be obtained.
- an organic solvent such as oxane
- the concentration does not fall below 50 mg / L, that is, the concentration of the organic acid in the lysate of the lead ponds changes depending on the amount of the surfactant added to the separator.
- the reason why the concentration of volatile organic compounds changes over time is as follows.
- the present inventor investigated the concentration of acetic acid when the concentration of volatile organic acids derived from the senoreta forming the lead storage tank was investigated over time. As a result, during the initial charging and subsequent discharge, acetic acid was generated, and it was found that acetic acid was not generated after the liquid crystal period.
- Fig. 8 schematically shows the relationship. In Fig. 8, transliteration indicates the amount of acetic acid generated, ⁇ indicates the residual amount of acetic acid, and Mt. The values on the vertical and horizontal axes are not specifically shown because 8 is a schematic diagram.As can be seen from FIG. 8, it can be seen from FIG.
- the amount of acetic acid decreases with the passage of many hours immediately after the formation of the tank, and the amount of acetic acid that is generated in a small amount after a fixed period of time has * generating properties and its volatiles are almost constant. Therefore, the concentration of acetic acid in the lead storage pond will gradually decrease until it eventually falls below the detection limit.However, for a short period immediately after the initial refilling * or battery case formation (usually 1 (Several months) The concentration of acetic acid present could have an adverse effect on lead-acid batteries. Therefore, the content of the volatile organic acid needs to be controlled, and the present application discloses a method for controlling the concentration of the volatile organic acid.
- a lead storage tank using a separator containing a surfactant is formed into a tank, left at 40 ° C or more for 12 hours or more, and further charged with a charge amount exceeding the rated capacity.
- 30% of the volume of the positive electrode active material provided in the positive electrode is charged into the lead storage battery.
- the surfactant contained in the separator is sufficiently extracted into the electrolyte and also acts as an oxidizing agent.
- the positive electrode active material partially oxidizes the surfactant. can do .
- the remaining part of the surfactant can be further charged by charging the battery with more than the rated capacity *, or by charging 30% of the volume of the positive electrode active material.
- the extracted surfactant is oxidized to a volatile organic acid, and the volatile organic acid is further oxidized to water and carbon dioxide. As a result, the concentration of volatile organic acids contained in the electrolyte
- the surfactant is oxidized quickly. --Therefore, it is preferable to set the temperature to 40 ° C or higher, which is higher than room temperature. If the temperature exceeds C, it softens or deforms, and the resin used for the battery case of the lead-acid battery, such as the lip of a pyrene, such as ABS or polyethylene, softens when the temperature exceeds 75 ° C. Or deformed-
- the temperature at the time of standing is 75 ° C or less. From the above, the preferable range of the temperature during the standing is 40. It is C or more and less than 75. However, if the material of the separator and the battery case used is changed to another material, the upper limit temperature of the preferable range naturally changes. If the storage time is 12 hours or less, the surfactant contained in the sensor cannot be sufficiently extracted, so a release time of 12 hours or more is required. However, after 72 hours, the concentration of the volatile organic acid in the electrolyte starts to decrease. This is because the volatile organic acid is not extracted, while it is not stored. It is thought that volatile organic acids gradually begin to be oxidatively decomposed.
- the battery needs to be charged, but the electricity is more than twice the rated capacity.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 6-52878 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Hei 4443570 are shown as prior art relating to such a lead storage battery relating to acetic acid.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-5252 / 88 describes that "a lead or lead alloy aggregate is filled with an active material, h, and then aged, followed by aging. Before filling the active material-slot with the method for manufacturing the current collector, a method of forming a salt of lead chloride on the surface of the current collector is described in J. After the formation of ⁇ -type lead acetate on the surface of the current collector, the current collector is exposed to carbon dioxide gas to produce lead chloride salt (white lead) ”. and, Kitoku No. 6 - the 5 2 7 No. 8, have been this and force s disclosure Ru physician use of acetic acid lead battery, acetic acid that has been used in the production of the electrode plate.
- the basic vinegar m-lead is formed. Exposure of the body to carbon dioxide produces basic lead carbonate (white lead). Since lead white has a higher solubility in the active material than Pb and PbO, it becomes PbO on the grid surface filled with the active material, and the bond between the current collector and the active material is reduced in a short time. Therefore, vinegar exists on the lattice surface in the form of lead chloride acetate, and acetic acid does not exist in the electrolyte.
- Ultrafine glass fibers with a fiber diameter of 10 m or less are generally produced as a satisfaction separator.
- the glass fibers for which a separator is used are chemically stable. Therefore, it is safe to oxidize dilute sulfuric acid or anodic oxidation of the positive electrode, and elutes volatile organic acids.
- Figure 1 shows the relationship between the volatile organic acid concentration and the life ratio.
- FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the concentration of the volatile organic acid and the volume ratio.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an apparatus for the water vapor 7 distillation method for analyzing volatile organic acids in a fixed manner.
- Figure 5 shows the change in vinegar concentration when left untreated.
- Figure 6 shows the effect of temperature during the leaving process on the change in acetic acid concentration during the charging process.
- FIG. 7 shows the transition of the concentration of acetic acid contained in the electrolytic solution.
- Fig. 8 shows the changes over time in the amount of acetic acid generated, the amount of volatiles and the residue.
- 1 is a distillation flask
- 2 is copper
- 3 is a cooler
- 4 is a cooler.
- a current collector made of lead or a lead alloy is used as the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector of the lead storage battery.
- the positive electrode collector holds lead oxide
- the negative electrode collector holds sponge-like gold, thereby producing an electrode plate. Thereafter, these are laminated or wound via a separator to form an electrode group.
- These electrode plates are housed in a battery case, and an electrolyte containing a dilute sulfuric acid aqueous solution as a main component is injected into the battery case to produce a lead-acid battery.
- the electrode plate for a lead-acid battery is prepared by filling the positive and negative paste-like raw materials into the positive and negative grids, respectively, and subjecting them to aging and drying processes as necessary. As a result, the electrode plate at this time has no power generation function, and is referred to as “1—unformed electrode plate”.
- An unoxidized electrode plate is supplied with an electric energy to cause an electrochemical oxidation / reduction reaction, and lead oxide is used for the positive electrode and lead is used for the negative electrode (usually called spongy lead). ), '_
- the pole plate has a power generation function as an existing pole plate
- This process usually involves two methods:
- the electrode plate that has completed this tank formation process is called the “former electrode plate”.
- These preformed electrode plates undergo a washing process and a drying process. Thereafter, the electrode plates are formed by laminating the formed electrode plates via a separator.
- a lead-acid battery is configured using this electrode group. Since the negative electrode plate is partially oxidized during drying, the lead storage battery may lose a small amount of capacity in some cases.
- charging is further performed after injecting the electrolyte. This charge is called “first charge”
- the other is to form an electrode group by laminating or winding the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, which are unformed electrode plates, through a senolator, and insert them into a battery case. Then, dilute sulfuric acid is injected to charge more than 250% of the theoretical capacity of the positive electrode plate, thereby giving a lead-acid battery a firing function. This method is called “battery formation”
- Example 1 the C 5 stipulated in JISD 5301 was used.
- the positive and negative electrode plates were manufactured according to a standard method, and tank printing was performed in advance. Since the fabricated positive and negative electrode plates are laminated via a separator, the senor with the 46 ⁇ 24 L-type electrode plate formed thereon has: Glass fibers with a fiber diameter of 1 m or less were used. The electrode group was inserted into a battery case made of polypropylene resin, and a lid made of polypropylene resin was welded to the battery case.
- Acetic acid was used as the volatile organic acid. Acetic acid was added to sulfuric acid having a specific gravity of 128 to obtain a predetermined concentration, and the mixture was stirred to produce an electrolytic solution. Predetermined concentrations are shown in Table 1. This electrolyte was injected into the lead-acid battery. After that, the lead-acid battery was charged with the amount of electricity corresponding to the rated capacity (in this example, the amount of electricity of 36 Ah) by the first charge.
- the above-mentioned distillate has a Ba (O H) Define manually with 2 solutions. At this time, phenol phthalein or bromchimol blue is used. Subtract the value of the blank test result from the value obtained from the titration, and then calculate the consumption of 1/10 normal B a (oH) 2 solution per 1 L of dilute sulfuric acid. Calculate mL and determine the amount of volatile organic acid
- a blank test refers to a sample that has undergone steps (1), (2), and (3) for 50 mL of dilute sulfuric acid containing no volatile organic acids. JISC2310-19 as an analyzer for water retention method
- the volatile organic acid analyzed by this method was qualitatively analyzed by ion chromatography, and the volatile organic acid was acetic acid.
- the unit of concentration of volatile organic acid obtained by the water distillation method is m
- Acetic acid may be added in a concentration range of L or less.
- a particularly preferred acetic acid concentration range was 74 to 1 YmgZL.
- the concentration of acetic acid contained in the electrolytic solution should be 250 mg / L or less.
- No 2 to 8 of the present invention P did not differ from the corrosion amount of the conventional B containing no acetic acid. That is, o whereas has failed the adverse effects of acetic acid pairs to overcharge, concentration force of acetic s 3 0 8 m
- Example 2 the same type of lead-acid battery as in Example 1 was produced. That is, it is a 46B24L (12 V) lead-acid battery for automobiles whose battery has a rated capacity of 36 Ah at a 5-hour rate.
- the separator of this lead-acid battery contains sodium G-ethyl heptylsuccinate or g-methyl heptyl sulphate as a surfactant.
- a separator made by adding sodium fosuccinate in the ratio shown in the column of "Surfactant addition ratio" in Table 5 is used. .
- the addition ratio of the surfactant is based on the total weight of the raw materials, ie, the polyethylene resin, silica powder, oil, phenolic resin, and the surfactant. Means the weight ratio of the surfactant.
- a lead-acid battery manufactured using such a separator is formed into a battery case, and after 80 days, the concentration of volatile organic acids in the electrolyte of the lead-acid battery is quantitatively analyzed. It was done. Table 4 shows the above results.
- a lead-acid battery was manufactured using a separator made with the addition ratio of sodium 2-diethyl heptyl sulfonate to 0.2 wt% and 1.0 wt%. And the addition of sodium 2-methyl heptyl sulfonate sodium! Ratio was changed from 0.2 wt% to 1.0 wt%.
- the volatile organic acid contained in the electrolyte of the lead-acid battery was SSO mg ZL or less.
- the concentration of the volatile organic acid in the electrolyte was reduced by 2%. It can be reduced to 50 mg ZL or less. Also, the change in the concentration of the organic acid in the lead-acid battery of No. 10 in Table 4 was observed.
- the survey period will be one year from the first charge.
- Figure 3 shows the results. According to FIG. 3, the volatile organic acid was only slightly contained in the electrolyte after the formation of the battery case, and thereafter, the volatile organic acid gradually increased as the day passed. After that, it showed the maximum value of about 259 mg / L. After that, until about half a year had passed, the value was maintained while maintaining this value. However, after half a year, its concentration began to decrease, reaching about 100 mg / L a year later.
- the surfactant is eluted from the selenium taka and the volatile organic acid continues to increase by being oxidized to the lead dioxide of the electrode.
- the concentration of volatile organic acids decreased after half a year, as the amount of increase and then the decrease due to oxidation and the equilibrium with the power S seemed to be balanced. It is probable that the surfactant eluted from the reticle was exhausted, and the surfactant was decomposed into volatile organic acids, and the volatile organic acids were further decomposed. When volatile organic acids are decomposed, water and carbon dioxide are likely to be generated.
- the concentration / volume of volatile organic acids should be less than 250 mg / L.
- the same results as in Example 1 were obtained.
- the No. 5 lead-acid battery of Example 2 contained volatile organic acids in the electrolyte at a concentration higher than 250 mg / L and in concentration.
- Example 4 the lead-acid battery using the lead-acid battery for automobiles has a rated capacity specified in JISD 5301 of 36 Ah in C. 4 L.
- Unformed positive and negative electrode plates for 46 B24L prepared by a standard method were provided.
- the electrode plate group was formed by inserting the negative electrode plate into a bag-shaped polyethylene cell / plate and alternately stacking the senor and the positive plate.
- the separator used at this time was volatile in the electrolyte. It is a seno-retorer made with a surfactant addition ratio of 1.5% in order to keep the concentration of the mechanical acid above 250 mg / L- At this time, surfactants include di-2-ethylheptylsulfur
- the electrode group is introduced into a battery case made of polypropylene resin, and the lid of polypropylene resin is removed.
- An unformed 46 B24 L-type lead-acid pond was produced by welding.
- a predetermined amount of dilute sulfuric acid at a predetermined ratio was injected into the produced lead storage battery.
- the enclosure ism. Degrees of 2 5 respectively.
- Ambient temperature is 40, as shown in FIG.
- the concentration of acetic acid in the lysate was kept almost constant after about 12 hours, because the surfactant was quickly extracted into the electrolyte and further extracted It is thought that the surfactant was oxidized by lead dioxide to produce acetic acid.After 72 hours, the concentration of acetic acid began to decrease. Water and — thought to be the force that has begun to decompose into carbon oxide — while the ambient temperature is 25 ° C and 3 ° C.
- the concentration of acetic acid when the temperature at the time of standing was set to 25 ° C. and 30 ° C., the concentration of acetic acid also increased at the time of charging, and exceeded 25 O mg.g / L. This is because the surfactant was not sufficiently extracted at the time of release, so that the surfactant continued to be extracted even during charging, and as a result, the charging power oxidized the surfactant to acetic acid.
- the concentration of acetic acid was 250 mg per charge equivalent to 1 CA. / L or less.
- the amount of acetic acid is too small to be charged, because the surfactant has already been extracted from the separation tank and turned into acetic acid, so that the amount of charged electricity is no longer necessary. If the temperature at which it is allowed to release for more than 12 hours is 40 ° C or more, it can be used to produce acetic acid. Acetic acid can be reduced to 25 Omg ZL or less by the subsequent charging process corresponding to the rated capacity.
- the lead storage battery that has been left untreated has a capacity of 0.05 CA (1.8 A), 0
- the rechargeable battery requires 1 CAh, and the amount of charge required to obtain the same effect is provided for the positive electrode. It was confirmed that it was equivalent to 30% of the theoretical capacity of the positive electrode active material.
- the charging time required to charge 1 C Ah depends on the charging current.For example, if the charging current is 0 1 C A, then 1 c A h
- CA requires only 2 hours, but requires a recharging power of s / J, otherwise it requires a lot of time, so it is not practical for production, and recharging is difficult.
- the charging efficiency decreases and the battery temperature tends to increase.Therefore, lead batteries are generally filled with a flow of 0.5 CA or less.
- the charging current during charging is preferably from 0 to 2 CA to 04 CA.
- the first step of forming the lead storage battery into a battery case the second step of discharging the lead storage battery at 40 ° C or more for 12 hours or more, and the lead storage mm
- the lead-acid battery passed through this step has a volatile organic acid concentration of 250 m / L was possible.
- the invention of the present application relates to a lead-acid battery with improved performance.
- the invention of the present application is used industrially, and its industrial value is extremely large.
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Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN2004800318998A CN1886860B (zh) | 2003-10-28 | 2004-10-27 | 铅蓄电池及其制造方法 |
US10/577,220 US7635543B2 (en) | 2003-10-28 | 2004-10-27 | Lead-acid battery and manufacturing method thereof |
JP2005515057A JP4923574B2 (ja) | 2003-10-28 | 2004-10-27 | 鉛蓄電池 |
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JP2003367255 | 2003-10-28 | ||
JP2003-367255 | 2003-10-28 | ||
JP2003394220 | 2003-11-25 | ||
JP2003-394220 | 2003-11-25 |
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PCT/JP2004/016282 WO2005041342A1 (ja) | 2003-10-28 | 2004-10-27 | 鉛蓄電池及びその製造方法 |
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US (1) | US7635543B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4923574B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1886860B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005041342A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2005243585A (ja) * | 2004-02-27 | 2005-09-08 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | 鉛蓄電池用セパレータ |
JP2011128102A (ja) * | 2009-12-21 | 2011-06-30 | Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd | 発酵液中の揮発性有機酸濃度のモニタリング装置 |
Families Citing this family (7)
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WO2015079631A1 (ja) * | 2013-11-29 | 2015-06-04 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | 鉛蓄電池 |
CN103682468B (zh) * | 2013-12-04 | 2017-01-11 | 河南超威电源有限公司 | 电动车铅酸蓄电池电解液 |
CN104064816B (zh) * | 2014-05-14 | 2016-10-05 | 超威电源有限公司 | 一种铅酸蓄电池抑制析氢的电解液添加剂及其制备方法 |
US9660306B2 (en) | 2014-09-12 | 2017-05-23 | Johnson Controls Autobatterie Gmbh & Co. Kgaa | Systems and methods for selectively separating and separately processing portions of lead-acid batteries |
CN106784805A (zh) * | 2015-11-25 | 2017-05-31 | 衡阳瑞达电源有限公司 | 铅蓄电池正极材料及铅蓄电池 |
CN106067527A (zh) * | 2016-07-20 | 2016-11-02 | 镇江奥美机电设备有限公司 | 铅酸蓄电池pe隔离板的生产系统 |
CN106129304A (zh) * | 2016-07-20 | 2016-11-16 | 镇江奥美机电设备有限公司 | 铅酸蓄电池pe隔离板的生产工艺 |
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JP2002008618A (ja) * | 2000-06-26 | 2002-01-11 | Nippon Muki Co Ltd | 鉛蓄電池用セパレータ |
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JPS5946761A (ja) | 1982-09-09 | 1984-03-16 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 鉛蓄電池用鉛合金部材の製造法 |
JP3232636B2 (ja) | 1992-02-29 | 2001-11-26 | ソニー株式会社 | 非水電解液電池 |
GB2305772B (en) * | 1995-09-28 | 1998-09-16 | Kenichi Fujita | Electrolyte solution and lead-acid batteries using the same |
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JP2003007300A (ja) * | 2001-06-22 | 2003-01-10 | Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd | 鉛蓄電池用エキスパンダの製造方法及びそれを用いた鉛蓄電池 |
CN1215595C (zh) | 2001-07-10 | 2005-08-17 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 非水系电解液和使用该电解液的蓄电池 |
GB2409715A (en) * | 2003-12-31 | 2005-07-06 | Autoliv Dev | Moulding of a plastic steering wheel integral with a metal frame by injecting a propellant to form a cavity |
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2004
- 2004-10-27 WO PCT/JP2004/016282 patent/WO2005041342A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-10-27 JP JP2005515057A patent/JP4923574B2/ja active Active
- 2004-10-27 CN CN2004800318998A patent/CN1886860B/zh active Active
- 2004-10-27 US US10/577,220 patent/US7635543B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
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JPH0443570A (ja) * | 1990-06-08 | 1992-02-13 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 密閉形鉛蓄電池の製造方法 |
JPH08185886A (ja) * | 1994-12-28 | 1996-07-16 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 鉛蓄電池 |
JP2002008618A (ja) * | 2000-06-26 | 2002-01-11 | Nippon Muki Co Ltd | 鉛蓄電池用セパレータ |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2005243585A (ja) * | 2004-02-27 | 2005-09-08 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | 鉛蓄電池用セパレータ |
JP2011128102A (ja) * | 2009-12-21 | 2011-06-30 | Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd | 発酵液中の揮発性有機酸濃度のモニタリング装置 |
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JPWO2005041342A1 (ja) | 2007-04-26 |
JP4923574B2 (ja) | 2012-04-25 |
US20070077497A1 (en) | 2007-04-05 |
CN1886860B (zh) | 2010-04-07 |
US7635543B2 (en) | 2009-12-22 |
CN1886860A (zh) | 2006-12-27 |
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