WO2005028365A1 - Modifizierte zweischicht-tonminerale, verfahren zu deren herstellung und ihre verwendung - Google Patents
Modifizierte zweischicht-tonminerale, verfahren zu deren herstellung und ihre verwendung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005028365A1 WO2005028365A1 PCT/EP2004/052298 EP2004052298W WO2005028365A1 WO 2005028365 A1 WO2005028365 A1 WO 2005028365A1 EP 2004052298 W EP2004052298 W EP 2004052298W WO 2005028365 A1 WO2005028365 A1 WO 2005028365A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- layer clay
- kaolinite
- dispersion
- clay minerals
- storage
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
- C11D3/124—Silicon containing, e.g. silica, silex, quartz or glass beads
- C11D3/1246—Silicates, e.g. diatomaceous earth
- C11D3/1253—Layer silicates, e.g. talcum, kaolin, clay, bentonite, smectite, montmorillonite, hectorite or attapulgite
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/20—Silicates
- C01B33/36—Silicates having base-exchange properties but not having molecular sieve properties
- C01B33/38—Layered base-exchange silicates, e.g. clays, micas or alkali metal silicates of kenyaite or magadiite type
- C01B33/44—Products obtained from layered base-exchange silicates by ion-exchange with organic compounds such as ammonium, phosphonium or sulfonium compounds or by intercalation of organic compounds, e.g. organoclay material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/014—Additives containing two or more different additives of the same subgroup in C08K
Definitions
- the present invention relates to modified two-layer clay minerals, characterized in that they contain embedded organic molecules, processes for their preparation and their use.
- Kaolins are now of fundamental importance in the manufacture of paper, sanitary ware, plastics, adhesives, paints, varnishes, pharmaceutical products, cosmetics, fiberglass and rubber (natural latex and synthetic products).
- functional fillers With the definition of functional fillers and the simultaneous development of engineered minerals, there are a multitude of new fields of application in addition to the classic fields of application, for the development of which the application-oriented modification of the clay surface is becoming increasingly important.
- Kaolins are mostly formed by weathering or hydrothermal conversion of volcanic glasses and feldspar-bearing silicate rocks (granite, gneiss, arkose). Clay minerals in the kaolinite group are the main components of the kaolins.
- the kaolinite is an alumohydrosilicate with a layer structure (phyllosilicate).
- the chemical formula is AI 2 [Si 2 ⁇ 5 (OH)].
- An elementary layer (TO layer package) is formed from layer-wise crosslinked [Al (O, OH) 6 ] octahedra and layer-wise cross-linked [SiO] tetrahedra.
- the structure of this layered silicate is determined by a sequence of Layer packages and intermediate layers defined. There are hardly any substitutions of the tetrahedron and octahedron cations.
- the octahedron layer surfaces have hydroxyl groups to the intermediate layers.
- the layer packets are predominantly linked to one another by hydrogen bonds.
- the layered silicates used are primarily the clay minerals of the smectite family, which swell under natural conditions, which are 3-layer clay minerals. They have charges on the inner surfaces of the intermediate layers, which are balanced out by the cations embedded in the intermediate layers, as a result of which the individual layer packets hold together. These cations can be hydrated and thus expand the intermediate layers.
- the best-known representative of smectites, montmorillonite can absorb so much water, if only the intermediate layers are covered with sodium, that it tends to delaminate completely.
- Kaolinite a two-layer clay mineral that has no surface charges, has been used as a filler in the plastics industry for decades.
- the kaolinite is pure filler and is in particle sizes of one up to several micrometers in front.
- the clay mineral floats in the polymer matrix, so to speak, and gives the plastic slightly new properties so far.
- the catalytic properties of kaolinite can have a favorable effect on a polymerization process (GB 758 010, GB 838 368, GB 1 082 278).
- kaolinite has proven to be a coating material or pouring aid (DE 3937 799).
- the specific binding properties of the individual layers of kaolinite which are only held together by their polar character and hydrogen bond bonds, make it possible to use targeted, tailor-made molecules to intercalate the interlayers of kaolinite that would otherwise not swell under natural conditions.
- the kaolinite also has hydroxyl groups in the accessible octahedron layer surfaces, which can serve as anchor points for monomers in polymerization reactions.
- the 3-layer clay minerals used to date have all surface charges which make an "ammonium compound treatment" unavoidable, this treatment having negative effects on the polymer nanocomposite with regard to optical transparency and incomplete delamination of the layered silicate in the matrix polymer.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a process for the production of modified two-layer clay minerals which, however, do not have the disadvantages of the previously known 3-layer clay minerals.
- This object is achieved by a method in which in a first step a) alkali acetate and / or ammonium acetate are mixed in aqueous solution with the two-layer clay mineral, as a result of which the acetate is incorporated in the two-layer clay mineral and in a second step b) organic Molecules with or without further solvent are mixed with the two-layer clay mineral obtained in step a), as a result of which organic molecules are incorporated into the two-layer clay mineral.
- Modified two-layer clay minerals are preferred. It is advantageous if the modified two-layer clay minerals are based on clay minerals from the group of kaolinites, particularly preferably haloysite, dickite, nacrite and kaolinite, particularly preferably kaolinite.
- the acetate incorporated in step a) is completely or at least partially displaced.
- the acetate is stored at from 15 ° C. to 30 ° C., preferably at room temperature.
- room temperature means approx.
- the storage of the organic molecules can take place at temperatures of
- Step b) can be divided into two successive, separate steps, step b1) initially comprising the actual mixing in a period between 5 minutes and 24 hours, and step b2) storage, optionally at elevated temperature, over a period of a few Hours up to 14 days.
- the period of time that steps b1) and b2) comprise depends on the desired degree of storage. If a small amount of storage is required, the period should be chosen to be short, but if a stronger or (almost) complete storage is to be carried out, a long period should be selected.
- step b2) is carried out according to the invention at temperatures of 15 15 ° C, preferably 35 35 ° C, particularly preferably> 50 ° C, particularly preferably> 60 ° C.
- step b1) can also be carried out independently of b2) at temperatures of> 15 ° C.
- step b1) is carried out at from 15 ° C. to 30 ° C., most preferably at room temperature.
- the acetate to be incorporated in step a) is selected from the group consisting of ammonium and / or alkali metal acetates. Accordingly, it is possible to use both ammonium acetate and acetates of the various alkali metals. A certain acetate can be used as well as a combination of different acetates, whereby it is preferred not to use a combination.
- preferred acetates for step a) are ammonium acetate and potassium acetate. According to the invention, it is particularly advantageous and therefore particularly preferred if the acetate used in step a) is potassium acetate.
- the organic compounds that can be used to displace the acetate are initiator molecules and / or monomer molecules for polymerization reactions.
- initiator molecules are understood to mean those organic compounds which carry one or more functional groups which are capable of initiating a polymerization reaction by thermal excitation or excitation by radiation or other catalytic excitation.
- Monomer molecules are those organic compounds which carry functional groups which, in a polymerization reaction, can lead to these compounds being incorporated into the polymer.
- An example of such groups are carbon-carbon double bonds which can be polymerized by free radicals.
- Further embodiments of the initiator molecules and / or monomer molecules are familiar to the person skilled in the art and need not be explained here.
- the organic compounds to be stored according to the invention must be able to form hydrogen bonds.
- R 1 and R 2 each independently of one another represent hydrogen or an optionally substituted alkyl or alkylene radical having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, in particular methyl or vinyl radical. According to the invention, the following are particularly suitable for the organic compounds:
- A) hydroxyl-functional compounds in particular ethylene glycol, glycerol, triethylene glycol and polyethylene glycols, less preferably triethyl-lycol monomethyl ether;
- halogen-functional compounds in particular bromomaleic anhydride, N-bromosuccinimide, diethymeso-2,5-dibromoadipate, 4-chlorocatechol, tetrabromocatechol and 3-chloropropanesulfonyl chloride;
- the process according to the invention can optionally also include the addition of polymerization inhibitors in step b) in order to suppress premature polymerization, in particular at elevated temperatures, if this is not yet desired at this time.
- organic solvents and / or water can optionally be added in step b).
- This additive has two effects: on the one hand, the organic compounds to be stored are dissolved or dispersed, which facilitates their handling, and on the other hand, the addition of organic solvent and / or water facilitates the mixing of organic compound and two-layer clay mineral.
- the invention accordingly also relates to the modified two-layer clay minerals obtainable by the process according to the invention.
- modified two-layer clay minerals according to the invention or those produced by the process according to the invention are used. modified two-layer clay minerals for the production of nanocomposites.
- the surface of the octahedral layers of two-layer clay minerals is modified in such a way that their hydroxyl groups offer anchor points for polymers.
- the polymers should be able to be coupled to the surface of the elementary layers by covalent bonds.
- This coupling with the matrix polymers offers a variety of improvements in the product properties of the plastics.
- the further development of the coating technology aims to increase the bond strength between the mineral surface and the matrix polymer.
- primarily polar molecules with a pronounced tendency to form hydrogen bonds are embedded in the kaolinite.
- the incorporation of alkali acetates in kaolinite causes an increase in the base layer spacing from 0.7 to 1.4 nm.
- Modified two-layer clay minerals can z. B. in radical polymerization, atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) o- the UV-initiated polymerization, whereby polymers can be obtained with clay minerals bound in the polymer.
- ATRP atom transfer radical polymerization
- the embedded molecules allow the design of both two-layer clay mineral polymer and polymer-polymer compounds.
- the desired properties of the two-layer clay mineral nanocomposite can be generated.
- the in-situ polymerization in the two-layer clay mineral can, for example, achieve the delamination of the elementary layers, which leads to a homogeneous distribution of the elementary layers in the matrix polymer. This guarantees constant material properties even in the nanoscale range.
- An advantage of the present invention is the provision of kaolinite as a nanocomposite component in layered silicate nanocomposites, by means of which the incorporation of tailor-made initiator or monomer molecules for simultaneous delamination and dispersion of the kaolinite in a matrix polymer (“in situ” - Polymerization in the interlayers of the kaolinite, as well as crosslinking with the matrix polymer while simultaneously forming covalent bonds with it) is made possible.
- the kaolinite can replace the 3-layer clay minerals as a nanocomposite component with a simple and inexpensive pretreatment method.
- the field of application of kaolinite is expanded by its property as a functional filler with the formation of covalent bonds to the matrix polymer
- the present invention also includes modified two-layer clay minerals in which a polymerization already takes place during the incorporation of the organic compounds. Also included in the present invention are those modified two-layer clay minerals in which a polymerization already takes place during the incorporation of the organic compounds and which thereby delaminate during the incorporation or the polymerization.
- Controlled conditions - a suitable substance is first stored in the intermediate layers of the two-layer clay mineral, which serves as a reaction partner for a subsequent polymerization, such as polycondensation, or which can serve as an initiator for ATRP or possibly UV-initiated polymerization. During the subsequent - initiated - polymerization reaction, this polymerization causes delamination of the two-layer clay mineral layers.
- water is used in the following examples, it is double-distilled water.
- the incorporation of the foreign molecules and the degree of incorporation was determined by means of X-ray diffractometry (XRD).
- XRD X-ray diffractometry
- An inclusion can be recognized by a diffraction-reflex shift from -14 ⁇ (d (ooi) -reflex of the potassium acetate kaolinite) to ⁇ 11 ⁇ , the exact value depending on the embedded compound.
- the d (ooi) reflex of the untreated kaolinite is 7.2 A.
- d is written instead of "d (ooi)" in the examples for the XRD reflexes.
- a prepared kaolin (kaolinite content> 9%) and potassium acetate were used for the pretreatment.
- the potassium acetate became aqueous
- the weight ratio of kaolinite to acetate salt to water is 62% to 27% to 11%.
- the potassium acetate kaolinite pretreated in this way is further treated in accordance with its monomer / initiator molecule to be incorporated (examples 1 to 17 see below).
- Example 7 Preparation: 30 g of n-vinylacetamide (NVA) (1 cm salt crystal aggregates) were dissolved in 4 ml of water using a magnetic stirrer. The result was approximately 34 ml of NVA solution.
- NVA n-vinylacetamide
- XRD no storage 7.3
- 1 g of potassium acetate kaolinite and 4 ml of NVA solution were shaken in a 20 ml bottle and in an overhead shaker for 1 hour to completely homogenize the dispersion and then left to stand at 20 ° C. After 7 days, the solids content was separated from the dispersion by centrifugation.
- XRD no storage 7.3
- Example 8 Preparation: Dissolve 2 g of acrylamide in 4 ml of water while stirring.
- Example 9 Preparation: 500 mg of 4-chlorocatechol were dissolved in 2 ml of ethanol (> 99.8%, WF) with stirring. 9.1) (comparison) 250 mg of kaolinite were dried (150 ° C./48 h) and shaken with 1 ml of 4-chlorocatechol-ethanol solution in 2 ml headspace bottles in an overhead shaker for 1 hour to completely homogenize the dispersion and then at 20 ° C. ditched. After 6 days, the solids content was separated from the dispersion by centrifugation.
- XRD No storage 9.2
- 250 mg of potassium acetate kaolinite were shaken with 1 ml of 4-chlorocatechol ethanol solution in 2 ml headspace bottles in an overhead shaker for 1 hour to completely homogenize the dispersion and then left to stand at 20 ° C. After 6 days, the solids content was separated from the dispersion by centrifugation.
- XRD No storage 9.3
- Example 10 Preparation: 500 mg of tetrabromocatechol were dissolved in 2 ml of ethanol (> 99.8%, WF) with stirring. 10.1) 250 mg of potassium acetate kaolinite were shaken with 1 ml of tetrabromocatechol-ethanol solution in 2 ml headspace bottles in an overhead shaker for 1 hour to completely homogenize the dispersion and then left to stand at 20 ° C. After 14 days, the solids content was separated from the dispersion by centrifugation.
- XRD: storage with d 11.3 A 10.3) 250 mg of potassium acetate kaolinite were shaken with 1 ml of tetrabromocatechol-ethanol solution in 2 ml headspace bottles in an overhead shaker for 1 hour to completely homogenize the dispersion and then at 65 ° C. left in the drying cupboard.
- Example 12 Preparation: 1 g of diethyl / 7eso-2,5-dibromo adipate were dissolved in 3 ml of ethanol (WF) with stirring.
- Example 13 Preparation: 1 g of N-bromosuccinimide was dissolved in 3 ml of ethanol (WF) with stirring. 13.1) (comparison) 250 mg of kaolinite were shaken with 1 ml of N-bromosuccinimide in 2 ml of headspace bottles in an overhead shaker for 1 hour to completely homogenize the dispersion and then left to stand at 20 ° C. After 6 days, the solids content was separated from the dispersion by centrifugation. XRD: No storage
- XRD delamination of the kaolinite 14.2) 250 mg of potassium acetate kaolinite were mixed with 1000 ⁇ l bromomaleic anhydride in 2 ml GC glass vials under an argon atmosphere in a glove box, shaken in an overhead shaker for 1 hour to completely homogenize the dispersion, sealed with a crimp cap and then left at 65 ° C. After 5 days, the solids content was separated from the dispersion by centrifugation.
- XRD delamination of the kaolinite 14.3) 250 mg of kaolinite were mixed with 1000 ⁇ l of bromomaleic anhydride in 2 ml GC glass vials in an argon atmosphere in a glove box, shaken in an overhead shaker for 1 hour to completely homogenize the dispersion, sealed with a crimp cap and then left to stand at 20 ° C. , After 5 days, the solids content was separated from the dispersion by centrifugation. XRD: no storage
- DMSO-kaolinite 250 mg were mixed with 1000 ⁇ l bromomaleic anhydride in 2 ml GC glass vials in an argon atmosphere in a glove box, shaken in an overhead shaker for 1 hour to completely homogenize the dispersion, sealed with a crimp cap and then at 20 ° C. ditched. After 7 days, the solid portion was separated from the dispersion by centrifugation.
- XRD no storage 14.6
- 250 mg of DMSO-kaolinite were mixed with 1000 ⁇ l bromomaleic anhydride in 2 ml GC glass vials in an argon atmosphere in a glove box, shaken in an overhead shaker for 1 hour to completely homogenize the dispersion, sealed with a crimp cap and then left to stand at 65 ° C. , After 7 days, the solids content was separated from the dispersion by centrifugation.
- Example 17 Preparation: 3 g of methylene succinic acid were dissolved in 9 ml of ethanol (WF) with stirring. (After 48 hours, the methylene succinic acid did not dissolve completely, despite constant stirring, the clear supernatant was used for the test series.)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/571,422 US20070203250A1 (en) | 2003-09-18 | 2004-09-02 | Modified Double-Layer Clay Minerals, Method For The Production Thereof, And Use Thereof |
EP04766851A EP1670720A1 (de) | 2003-09-18 | 2004-09-02 | Modifizierte zweischicht-tonminerale, verfahren zu deren herstellung und ihre verwendung |
JP2006526645A JP2007505809A (ja) | 2003-09-18 | 2004-09-02 | 変性された二層粘土鉱物、その製造方法および使用 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10343130.6 | 2003-09-18 | ||
DE10343130A DE10343130A1 (de) | 2003-09-18 | 2003-09-18 | Modifizierte Zweischicht-Tonminerale, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und ihre Verwendung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005028365A1 true WO2005028365A1 (de) | 2005-03-31 |
Family
ID=34352922
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2004/052298 WO2005028365A1 (de) | 2003-09-18 | 2004-09-02 | Modifizierte zweischicht-tonminerale, verfahren zu deren herstellung und ihre verwendung |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070203250A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1670720A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2007505809A (de) |
DE (1) | DE10343130A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2005028365A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2013028627A (ja) * | 2007-04-25 | 2013-02-07 | Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd | 医薬賦形剤複合体 |
EP3235888A3 (de) * | 2005-05-12 | 2018-03-07 | tesa SE | Haftklebemassen und verfahren zu deren herstellung |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102009038528B4 (de) * | 2008-08-29 | 2017-07-06 | Bene_Fit Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verwendung einer Einlagerungsverbindung als Flammschutzzusammensetzung für Polymere |
US20130071672A1 (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2013-03-21 | Agency For Science, Technology And Research | Barrier layer, a process of making a barrier layer and uses thereof |
EP2537901A1 (de) | 2011-06-22 | 2012-12-26 | bene_fit systems GmbH & Co. KG | Reaktive anorganisch-organische Composites, deren Herstellung und Verwendung |
CN110272055B (zh) * | 2018-03-15 | 2022-12-02 | 枣庄市三兴高新材料有限公司 | 一种阳离子型有机物/高岭石插层复合物的简化制备工艺 |
CN113694824B (zh) * | 2020-05-20 | 2023-04-07 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种双面异性纳米片及其制备方法 |
CN115321551B (zh) * | 2022-07-29 | 2023-12-05 | 清华-伯克利深圳学院筹备办公室 | 一种粘土材料的插层方法、二维材料及其制备方法与应用 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3806548A1 (de) * | 1987-03-04 | 1988-09-15 | Toyoda Chuo Kenkyusho Kk | Verbundmaterial und verfahren zu dessen herstellung |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1197854B (de) * | 1963-03-05 | 1965-08-05 | Erbsloeh & Co | Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Eigenschaften von Kaolin und kaolinithaltigen Tonen |
GB1592271A (en) * | 1977-03-23 | 1981-07-01 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Overtreated higher dialkyl dimethyl ammonium clay gellants and their use in greases |
JPS6283108A (ja) * | 1985-10-09 | 1987-04-16 | サザン クレイ プロダクツ、インク. | 高ゲル化性オルガノクレ−の製造方法 |
JPH0684456B2 (ja) * | 1987-10-15 | 1994-10-26 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | ゴム組成物 |
JPH0730252B2 (ja) * | 1987-03-04 | 1995-04-05 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 複合材料及びその製造方法 |
JPH0730253B2 (ja) * | 1987-03-09 | 1995-04-05 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | 複合材料及びその製造方法 |
JPH0660013B2 (ja) * | 1989-09-28 | 1994-08-10 | 通商産業省工業技術院長 | 粘土鉱物の改質による粘土の可塑性付与法 |
DE69229018T2 (de) * | 1991-03-25 | 1999-08-26 | Ecc Int Ltd | Mineralische Füllstoffe |
JPH0859227A (ja) * | 1994-08-12 | 1996-03-05 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 耐水熱性の改善された粘土鉱物の製造方法 |
US5672555A (en) * | 1996-02-29 | 1997-09-30 | Thiele Kaolin Company | Kaolin-potassium acetate intercalation complex and process of forming same |
-
2003
- 2003-09-18 DE DE10343130A patent/DE10343130A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-09-02 JP JP2006526645A patent/JP2007505809A/ja active Pending
- 2004-09-02 EP EP04766851A patent/EP1670720A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-09-02 US US10/571,422 patent/US20070203250A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-09-02 WO PCT/EP2004/052298 patent/WO2005028365A1/de active Application Filing
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3806548A1 (de) * | 1987-03-04 | 1988-09-15 | Toyoda Chuo Kenkyusho Kk | Verbundmaterial und verfahren zu dessen herstellung |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3235888A3 (de) * | 2005-05-12 | 2018-03-07 | tesa SE | Haftklebemassen und verfahren zu deren herstellung |
JP2013028627A (ja) * | 2007-04-25 | 2013-02-07 | Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd | 医薬賦形剤複合体 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1670720A1 (de) | 2006-06-21 |
JP2007505809A (ja) | 2007-03-15 |
DE10343130A1 (de) | 2005-04-28 |
US20070203250A1 (en) | 2007-08-30 |
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