WO2005022141A1 - 排気ガスセンサの制御装置 - Google Patents
排気ガスセンサの制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005022141A1 WO2005022141A1 PCT/JP2004/013016 JP2004013016W WO2005022141A1 WO 2005022141 A1 WO2005022141 A1 WO 2005022141A1 JP 2004013016 W JP2004013016 W JP 2004013016W WO 2005022141 A1 WO2005022141 A1 WO 2005022141A1
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- Prior art keywords
- determination
- exhaust gas
- sensor
- impedance
- sensor element
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1454—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1493—Details
- F02D41/1495—Detection of abnormalities in the air/fuel ratio feedback system
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a control device for an exhaust gas sensor mounted in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine, and more particularly to an exhaust gas sensor suitable as a device for controlling an exhaust gas sensor having a sensor element that is activated when a temperature reaches an activation temperature.
- an exhaust gas sensor suitable as a device for controlling an exhaust gas sensor having a sensor element that is activated when a temperature reaches an activation temperature.
- an air-fuel ratio sensor is disposed in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-487761, and a fuel injection amount is determined based on a detection value of the sensor.
- the air-fuel ratio sensor includes a sensor element that is activated by being overheated to an activation temperature, and a heater that overheats the sensor element.
- the above-mentioned conventional system utilizes the fact that a correlation is found between the temperature of the sensor element and the element impedance, and performs feedback control of the power supplied to the heater so that the element impedance becomes a predetermined target impedance.
- the target impedance is the impedance of the sensor element at the activation temperature. According to such a heat control method, the sensor element can be maintained at the active temperature, and the air-fuel ratio sensor can be stably maintained in the active state.
- the above-described sensor element has a characteristic that the element impedance decreases as the temperature increases, and the element impedance increases as the deterioration proceeds. For this reason, as the deterioration of the sensor element progresses, when the temperature of the sensor element reaches the activation temperature, the element impedance becomes the target impedance. There is a situation where the impedance does not decrease. In this case, if the feedback control of the heater is continued while the target impedance is fixed, the sensor element temperature is eventually heated to a temperature exceeding the activation temperature.
- the above-described conventional apparatus determines that the sensor element has deteriorated when the heater is continuously energized for more than a predetermined determination time during the feedback control of the heater. Then, the target impedance is corrected in the increasing direction. According to such processing, an increase in element impedance due to deterioration of the sensor element is quickly detected, and the target impedance is increased in accordance with the deterioration, whereby overheating of the sensor element can be effectively prevented.
- the delay in the activation determination is directly linked to the delay in starting the feedback control of the fuel injection amount.
- the feedback control of the fuel injection amount be started as early as possible. It has the characteristic that the emission characteristics of the internal combustion engine tend to deteriorate in accordance with the deterioration of the engine.
- Such a delay in the activity determination can be eliminated by, for example, applying the correction method applied to the target impedance by the conventional device to the activity determination value. In other words, if the deterioration of the sensor element is determined during the operation of the internal combustion engine, the activation determination value is corrected in the upward direction at that point and stored, and at the next start, the corrected activation determination is performed. If the activity determination is performed using the value, the delay of the activity determination due to the deterioration of the sensor element can be avoided.
- the deterioration of the sensor element is not determined until the feedback control of the heater is started (that is, until the temperature of the sensor element reaches the vicinity of the activation temperature). Is not reflected in the activity judgment value. That is, the correction of the activation determination value is always delayed by one trip, and the deterioration state of the sensor element cannot be reflected on the activation determination method in real time when the internal combustion engine is started.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem, and does not rely on learning of an activation determination value, and always determines a deterioration state of a sensor element in real time when the exhaust gas sensor is warmed up, and quickly performs the determination. It is an object of the present invention to provide a control device for an exhaust gas sensor capable of determining the activity. Disclosure of the invention
- the control device for an exhaust gas sensor according to the present invention is mounted in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine, and is activated when an activation temperature is reached.
- a sensor element is provided.
- the control device according to the present invention includes an impedance detection device that detects an element impedance of the sensor element, and an impedance determination device that determines whether the element impedance has decreased to an activation determination value.
- the control device according to the present invention may further include a received heat amount estimating device for estimating the received heat amount of the sensor element, a heat amount determining device for determining whether the received heat amount has reached the activity determination heat amount, and the impedance determination.
- An activation determining device is provided for determining the activation of the exhaust gas sensor when either the determination by the device or the determination by the calorific value determining device is satisfied.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a configuration of an air-fuel ratio sensor used in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the overall configuration of the control device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining temperature characteristics of element impedance of the air-fuel ratio sensor.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a heater control routine executed in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the temperature characteristic of the element impedance of the air-fuel ratio sensor and the deterioration of the sensor element.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a cause of a delay in the activity determination time that may occur in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a sensor activity determination routine executed in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a water temperature storage routine at start-up executed in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart of an intake air amount integrated value calculation routine executed in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is an example of a map of a sensor activity determination intake air amount GAsumtg referred to in the execution process of the routine shown in FIG.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart of an intake air amount integrated value calculation routine executed in the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart of a battery voltage trimming calculation routine executed in the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is an example of a map of the sensor activity determination intake air amount GAsumtg which is referred to in the execution process of the routine shown in FIG.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart of an intake air amount integrated value calculation routine executed in the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart of an initial processing routine executed in the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a flowchart of a learning control routine executed in the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the air-fuel ratio sensor 10 used in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the air-fuel ratio sensor 10 shown in FIG. 1 is a sensor arranged in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine and used for detecting an air-fuel ratio of exhaust gas.
- the air-fuel ratio sensor 10 includes a cover 12 and is assembled to the exhaust passage so that the cover 12 is exposed to exhaust gas.
- the cover 12 has holes (not shown) for guiding exhaust gas inside. Have been killed.
- a sensor element 14 is disposed inside the cover 12.
- the sensor element 14 has a tubular structure in which one end (the lower end in FIG. 1) is closed.
- the outer surface of the tubular structure is covered with a diffusion resistant layer 16.
- the diffusion resistance layer 16 is a heat-resistant porous material such as alumina, and has a function of controlling the diffusion speed of the exhaust gas near the surface of the sensor element 14.
- An exhaust electrode 18, a solid electrolyte layer 20, and an atmospheric electrode 22 are provided inside the diffusion resistance layer 16.
- the exhaust side electrode 18 and the atmosphere side electrode 22 are electrodes made of a noble metal having a high catalytic action such as Pt, and are electrically connected to a control circuit described later.
- the solid electrolyte layer 2 0 is a sintered body, including Zr0 2, has a characteristic that allows the passage of oxygen ions.
- an atmosphere chamber 24 open to the atmosphere is formed inside the sensor element 14.
- a heater 26 for heating the sensor element 14 is disposed in the atmosphere chamber 24.
- the sensor element 14 shows stable output characteristics at an activation temperature of about 700 ° C.
- the heater 26 is electrically connected to a control circuit to be described later, and can be heated and maintained at an appropriate temperature by controlling the control circuit.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a control device of the air-fuel ratio sensor 12.
- the sensor element 14 can be equivalently expressed using a resistance component and an electromotive force component.
- the heater 26 can be equivalently represented using a resistance component.
- the sensor element drive circuit 28 is connected to the sensor element 14.
- the sensor element drive circuit 28 includes a bias control circuit for applying a desired voltage to the sensor element 14 and a sensor current detection circuit for detecting a current flowing through the sensor element 14. ing.
- the microcomputer 34 is connected to the bias control circuit included in the sensor element control circuit 28 via a low-pass filter (LPF) 30 and a DZA converter 32.
- the microcomputer 34 has those elements Through this, a voltage to be applied to the sensor element 14 can be commanded to the bias control circuit.
- the bias control circuit can apply a bias voltage for air-fuel ratio detection and a voltage for impedance detection to the sensor element 14 in accordance with a command from the microcomputer 34.
- a bias voltage for air-fuel ratio detection is applied, the sensor element 14 allows a sensor current corresponding to the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas to flow. Therefore, if the sensor current is detected, the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas can be detected.
- the bias voltage for the sensor element 14 When the bias voltage for the sensor element 14 is changed from the bias voltage for detecting the air-fuel ratio to the voltage for detecting the impedance, a change occurs in the sensor current corresponding to the change in the applied voltage. At this time, the ratio between the change amount of the applied voltage and the change amount of the sensor current is a value corresponding to the element impedance of the sensor element. Therefore, the element impedance of the sensor element can be detected by detecting the sensor current caused by the application of the impedance detection voltage.
- the microcomputer 34 is connected to the sensor current detection circuit included in the sensor element control circuit 28 via a DZA converter 36.
- the microphone computer 34 can read the sensor current detected by the sensor current detection circuit via the D / A converter 36. Therefore, the microphone computer 34 can detect the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas based on the sensor current when the air-fuel ratio detection voltage is applied to the sensor element 14. Further, in a situation where the impedance detection voltage is applied to the sensor element 14, the element impedance can be detected based on the sensor current.
- a heater control circuit 38 is connected to the heater 26.
- a microcomputer 34 is connected to the heater control circuit 38. Has been.
- the heater control circuit 38 receives a command supplied from the microcomputer, supplies a drive signal corresponding to the command to the heater 26, and generates a desired amount of heat in the heater 26. .
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the outline of the heat control performed in the device of the present embodiment.
- the curve shown in FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the element impedance and the element temperature.
- the element impedance has a temperature characteristic, and becomes smaller as the element temperature becomes higher.
- Zact and Ztg shown in FIG. 3 are an activity determination value and a target impedance, respectively.
- the activation determination value Zact is set to the element impedance when the element temperature is the activation determination temperature (for example, 65 ° C.).
- the target impedance Z tg is set to the element impedance when the element temperature is the activation target temperature (for example, 700 ° C.).
- the sensor element 14 exhibits stable sensor characteristics at a temperature equal to or higher than the activation determination temperature. For this reason, the device according to the present embodiment determines the activity of the air-fuel ratio sensor 10 when the element temperature reaches the activity determination temperature (for example, 650) after the start of the internal combustion engine, and determines the air-fuel ratio based on the output. Start fuel ratio feedback control. After that, the sensor element 14 is heated to an activation target temperature (for example, 700 ° C.) higher than the activation determination temperature to secure a margin for the fluctuation of the element temperature. Will be maintained. As a result, in a stable state, the air-fuel ratio feedback control is performed in a state where the element temperature is overheated to about 700 ° C.
- an activation target temperature for example, 700 ° C.
- the microcomputer 34 uses the correlation between the element temperature and the element impedance to determine whether the element temperature has reached the activation judgment temperature or not, and whether the element impedance has decreased to the activation judgment temperature Zact. Judge based on whether or not. In addition, in order to maintain the element temperature at the activation target temperature, the microcomputer 34 heats the element impedance so that the element impedance matches the target impedance Ztg. In the evening, feed-pack control is performed for the amount of electricity on 26 ⁇ .
- the heater 26 is driven at 100% duty in the region where the element impedance is higher than the activation determination temperature Zact (the 100% conduction region shown in FIG. 3). ), After that, when the element impedance decreases to the activation judgment temperature Zact, the drive duty is reduced to 70% and the drive of the heater 26 is continued to avoid overheating of the sensor element 14 (see Fig. 3). 0% energized area). Then, when the element impedance becomes a value close to the target impedance Ztg, the drive of the heater 26 is continued by feedback control based on the element impedance (the F / B control area shown in Fig. 3).
- FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of a heat control routine executed by the microcomputer 34 to realize the above heat control.
- the element impedance I is detected (step 100).
- step 108 it is determined whether the 100% energization condition is satisfied.
- the elapsed time after the start of the internal combustion engine is equal to or less than 10 sec and ⁇ ⁇ is equal to or greater than the determination value K1 (see FIG. 3) (synonymous with Z ⁇ Zact) Is determined.
- the drive duty RDUTY of the heater 26 is set to 100% (step 110). If it is determined that the condition of 100% energization is not satisfied by the processing in step 108, it is next determined whether ⁇ is greater than a determination value K2 (see FIG. 3).
- step 1 16 the element impedance F / B control routine is executed (step 1 16).
- the drive duty RDUTY of the heater 26 is set by the PID control method so that ⁇ becomes small, that is, the element impedance ⁇ approaches the target impedance Ztg.
- the smoothing process of the drive duty RDUTY is executed. (Step 1 18). According to such an annealing process, when the drive duty RDUTY set by the processes of steps 106, 110, 114 and 116 shows a stepwise change, the heat duty is reduced. A sudden change in the power supply to 26 can be avoided.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the deterioration of the sensor element 14 and the element impedance.
- the element impedance shifts in an increasing direction as the deterioration of the sensor element 14 progresses. Therefore, assuming that the activity determination value Zact is a constant value, the element temperature at which the activity of the sensor element 14 is determined increases as the deterioration proceeds, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 shows the time from when the sensor element 14 starts to warm up until the element impedance drops to the activation determination value Zact (defined as a constant value), that is, based on the element impedance. Time until activity can be determined FIG.
- the time required for the above determination includes (1) a delay due to a change in battery voltage (that is, a delay due to a decrease in the voltage applied to the heater 26), and (2) a delay due to a decrease in the voltage applied to the heater 26.
- the delay caused by the resistance deterioration of 26 that is, the delay caused by the decrease in the current flowing through the transistor 26
- the delay caused by (3) the admittance deterioration of the sensor element 14 increase of the element impedance
- the delays in (1) and (2) are accompanied by a delay in the temperature rise of the sensor element 14 itself, that is, a delay that actually delays the time until the element temperature reaches the activation determination temperature.
- the delay in (3) is a delay corresponding to the time from when the element temperature reaches the activation determination temperature to when its arrival is determined based on the element impedance.
- the delay ratio of (3) has a magnitude that cannot be ignored. Therefore, if the activation of the sensor element 14 is determined based only on whether or not the element impedance has decreased to the activation determination temperature Zact, the element temperature becomes lower than the activation determination temperature with the deterioration of the sensor element 14. After reaching, there is a considerable delay that cannot be ignored until the liveness judgment is actually made. Such a delay unduly delays the start time of the air-fuel ratio feedback, and it is desirable to compress as much as possible.
- the warm-up state of the sensor element 14 has a correlation with the integrated value of the amount of heat received by the sensor element 14 after the start of the internal combustion engine. Therefore, whether or not the sensor element 14 has reached the activation temperature can be determined based on the amount of heat received by the sensor element 14 in addition to relying on the element impedance. Therefore, in the apparatus of the present embodiment, the activation determination calorie is set in advance as a value that can reliably determine that the element temperature has reached the activation determination temperature (for example, 65O 0 C), and the sensor is set after the internal combustion engine is started. The amount of heat received by the element 14 is the If it can be estimated that the temperature has reached, the activity of the sensor element 14 is determined at that time even if the element impedance has not decreased to the activity determination value Zact.
- the activation determination calorie is set in advance as a value that can reliably determine that the element temperature has reached the activation determination temperature (for example, 65O 0 C), and the sensor is set after the internal combustion engine is started. The
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a sensor activation determination routine executed by the microcomputer in the present embodiment.
- a starting water temperature (TWO storage routine) is executed (step 120).
- FIG. 8 shows a flowchart of the starting water temperature storage routine executed as the processing of step 120 above.
- this routine first, it is determined whether or not before 50 ms ec has elapsed after the ignition switch (IG) of the internal combustion engine is turned on (step 122). As a result, if the above condition is satisfied, a determination is made at the time of starting the internal combustion engine, and the current cooling water temperature TW is stored as the starting water temperature TWI (step 124). On the other hand, if the above conditions are not satisfied, the current processing cycle ends without any processing.
- IG ignition switch
- the intake air amount integrated value calculation routine is a routine for calculating an integrated value Gasum of the intake air amount GA generated after the start of the internal combustion engine.
- a large intake air amount product value GAsum means a long elapsed time after the start of the internal combustion engine, and therefore a long energization time of the heater 26.
- a large intake air amount integrated value GAsum means that a large amount of exhaust gas flows around the air-fuel ratio sensor 10 after the start of the internal combustion engine.
- the amount of heat received by the sensor element 14 increases as the energization time of the heater 26 increases. In general, the larger the amount of exhaust gas flowing, the larger the amount. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the intake air amount integrated value GAsum can be used as a substitute value for the amount of heat received by the sensor element 14.
- FIG. 9 shows a flowchart of an intake air amount integrated value calculation routine executed as the process of step 130.
- this routine first, it is determined whether or not the internal combustion engine has been started (step 1332). As a result, if the above condition is satisfied, the intake air amount GA detected in the current processing cycle is added to the GAsum calculated by the previous processing cycle to obtain the intake air amount. The integrated value GAsum is updated (step 1 3 4). On the other hand, if the above conditions are not satisfied, the current processing cycle ends without any processing.
- a sensor activity determination intake air amount integrated value (GAsumtg) is calculated (step 140).
- the sensor activation determination intake air amount integrated value GAsumt g is a value set in advance as a minimum value of the intake air amount integrated value GAsum sufficient to determine that the sensor element 14 has reached the activation temperature. That is, GAsumt g is a determination value determined by adaptation or the like as a value by which the activity determination of the sensor element 14 can be determined when GAsum ⁇ GAsumt g is satisfied.
- FIG. 10 is an example of a map of the GAsumtg stored in the microcomputer 34 in the present embodiment.
- This map uses the cooling water temperature at startup TWI as a parameter, and determines that the lower the TWI, the larger the GAsumt g.
- the amount of heat received until the sensor element 14 reaches the activation temperature increases as the element temperature at the start decreases.
- the sensor activation judgment Intake air amount integrated value GAsumt g Can be set to a large value.
- the minimum GAsum that can determine that the sensor element 14 has reached the activation temperature can always be appropriately set as the GAsumtg, regardless of the level of the element temperature at the start of the operation.
- Step 1 42 it is next determined whether or not the first activation determination has already been performed after the start of the internal combustion engine. More specifically, after the internal combustion engine is started, it is determined whether or not the activation determination end flag xactst that is turned ON when the activation determination of the sensor element 14 is performed for the first time is already ON ( Step 1 42).
- step 144 it is determined whether at least one of the following conditions A and B is satisfied.
- Condition A is set to be satisfied when the element temperature reaches the activation determination temperature when the sensor element 14 has an initial impedance characteristic.
- a certain tolerance for example, 10%
- the condition A is satisfied when the tolerance of the element impedance is not satisfied.
- the determination may not be performed until the element temperature becomes higher than the activity determination temperature by the corresponding temperature ⁇ .
- the condition B is that the element temperature is “active determination temperature (for example, 65 0 ° C) + ⁇ ”. That is, the condition ⁇ is set to be satisfied at the same time as the condition A when the sensor element 14 includes an error of the full tolerance frame. For this reason, according to the processing of the above step 144, if the error of the element impedance with respect to the element temperature is within the tolerance, the activity of the sensor element 14 is determined by the satisfaction of the condition A. On the other hand, when the error exceeds the range of the tolerance, the activity of the sensor element 14 is determined by the satisfaction of the condition B.
- the element temperature is set to the upper limit temperature (activity judgment temperature + ⁇ ) that is allowed within the tolerance range. Activity determination can be completed before reaching. Therefore, according to the routine shown in FIG. 7, it is possible to reliably prevent the timing of the activity determination from being significantly delayed due to the deterioration of the sensor element 14.
- Step 148 it is next determined whether or not the element impedance Z maintains a value equal to or lower than the activation determination value Zact (Z ⁇ Zact?) (Step 148). As a result, if it is determined that Z ⁇ Zact is satisfied, the activation flag xact is turned ON to indicate that the activity of the sensor element 14 is maintained (step 150).
- the activation flag xact is turned off (step 152). .
- the condition A immediately after the element temperature actually reaches the activation determination temperature.
- the activity can be determined.
- the activity can be determined at the latest when the actual element temperature reaches (activity determination temperature + ⁇ ).
- the deterioration state of the sensor element 14 is determined in real time when the air-fuel ratio sensor 10 is warmed up without relying on any learning processing, and the activation is always quickly performed. The determination can be completed.
- whether or not the amount of heat received by the sensor element 14 has reached the activation determination amount of heat is determined based on the intake air amount integrated value GAsum (whether GAs ui ⁇ GAsum tg is satisfied). (Or not) based on the judgment, but the method of judgment is not limited to this. For example, such a determination is made based on the integrated value of the energizing time of the heater 26 after the internal combustion engine is started, the integrated value of the electric power to the heater 26 after the start of the J3 ⁇ 4 fuel engine, or the integrated value of the fuel injection amount. It may be performed based on.
- step 130 the energizing time of the heater 26, the electric energy to the heater 26, or the integrated amount of the fuel injection amount is integrated, and in step 140, the "sensor Activating time of activation determination heater "," Integrated value of electric energy for sensor activation determination ", or” Integrated value of fuel injection amount for sensor activation determination ", and in step 144 above, instead of the determination of GAsum ⁇ GAsumtg, , (Heater energization time) ⁇ (sensor activation judgment heater energization time), (heater power integration value) ⁇ (sensor activation determination power amount integration value) or (fuel injection amount integration value) ⁇ ( This can be realized by performing the determination of the sensor activation determination fuel injection amount integrated value).
- whether or not the amount of heat received by the sensor element 14 has reached the activation determination amount of heat is determined based only on the integrated value of the intake air amount GAsum. It is not limited to this. That is, whether or not the amount of heat received by the sensor element 14 has reached the activation determination calorie is determined by whether (1) the intake air amount integrated value GAsum has reached the sensor activation determination intake air amount integration value, or (2) Whether the evening energizing time has reached the sensor energizing time or not is determined by the integrated value of the amount of power to the heater 26 after the internal combustion engine is started. (4) Determine whether the fuel injection amount has reached the fuel injection amount integrated value, based on a combination of two or more conditions. Is also good.
- the sensor activation determination intake air amount integrated value GAsum tg is made different according to the cooling water temperature TWI at the time of starting (see FIG. 10).
- the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the sensor activation determination intake air amount integrated value GAsum tg may be always substituted with a constant value regardless of the cooling water temperature TWI (the sensor activation determination heater energizing time, the sensor activation determination power amount integrated value, and the sensor activation value). The same applies to the judgment fuel injection amount integrated value).
- the device of the present embodiment is realized by causing the microphone computer 34 to execute a routine shown in FIG. 11 described later instead of the routine shown in FIG. 7 in the device of the above-described first embodiment. be able to.
- the integrated value of the intake air amount GAsum is used as a substitute value for the amount of heat received by the sensor element 14.
- the value GAsumt g can be used to actually activate the sensor element 14.
- the required intake air integrated value GAsum is to be matched.
- the amount of heat received by the sensor element 14 after the start of the internal combustion engine is determined mainly by the total amount of heat generated from the heater 26.
- the total amount of heat generated from the heater 26 is determined by the heat generated per unit time by the heater 26 and the energizing time of the heater 26.
- the heat value per unit time of the heater 26 changes according to the voltage applied to the heater 26. Therefore, if the battery voltage is different, the sensor element The received heat of 14 will be different. On the other hand, there is a significant change in the notter voltage according to the state of the notter.
- the activation determination calorie (here, GAs umt g) must be set at the time of starting the machine.
- the element temperature here, TWI
- the heater applied voltage eg, battery voltage
- FIG. 11 shows a flowchart of a sensor activity determination routine executed in the present embodiment in order to respond to the above request.
- the routine shown in FIG. 11 is similar to the routine shown in FIG. 7, except that steps 130 and 140 are replaced by steps 160 and 170.
- steps 130 and 140 are replaced by steps 160 and 170.
- FIG. 11 the same steps as those in the routine shown in FIG. 7 will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted or simplified. .
- a battery voltage smoothing value (VBsm) calculation routine is next executed (step 160).
- VBsm battery voltage smoothing value
- FIG. 12 shows a flowchart of a battery voltage round-off value calculation routine executed as the process of step 160.
- this routine first, after the start of the internal combustion engine, it is determined whether or not the energization of the heater 26 has already been started (step 162).
- the battery voltage VBsm is calculated according to the following equation.
- VBsm (VBsm X 63 + VB) / 64 (1)
- VBsm on the left side is calculated in the current processing cycle. This is the latest battery voltage smoothed value.
- VBsm on the right side is the battery voltage smoothed value VBsm calculated in the previous processing cycle
- VB on the right side is the battery voltage VB detected in the current processing cycle. According to the above equation (1), it is possible to update the smoothed battery voltage VBsm to the latest value by reflecting the latest battery voltage VB at a ratio of 1 to 64 for each processing cycle.
- a calculation process of a sensor activation determination intake air amount integrated value (GAsumtg) is executed (step 170).
- GAsumtg is calculated based on the starting cooling water temperature TWI and the smoothed battery voltage value VBsm for the reason described above.
- FIG. 13 is an example of a GAsumtg map stored in the microcomputer 34 in the present embodiment.
- the sensor activation determination intake air amount integrated value GAsumtg is set to be larger as the starting coolant temperature TWI is lower and as the battery voltage VBsm is lower.
- the lower the cooling water temperature at startup TWI the greater the amount of heat required to warm up the sensor element 14, and the lower the battery voltage VB, the longer the heater power to warm up the sensor element 14.
- the larger the integrated value GAsumtg of the sensor activation determination intake air amount can be set.
- the device of the present embodiment it is possible to determine that the sensor element 14 has reached the activation temperature without being affected by the level of the battery voltage VB in the element warm-up process during the warm-up start.
- the minimum GAsum can always be properly set as GAsumtg.
- the processing executed after step 170 is the same as the processing executed in the routine shown in FIG. 7 (steps 142 to 152).
- the element impedance Z The activation judgment of the sensor element 14 is determined depending on whether the value falls below the value Zact (condition A) or whether the integrated intake air amount GAsum reaches the sensor activation determination intake air amount integrated value GAsumt g (condition B). Done.
- the activation determination based on the condition B is performed with higher accuracy than in the first embodiment. Can be done. Therefore, according to the device of the present embodiment, in addition to achieving the same effects as the device of the first embodiment, the activity of the sensor element 14 can be determined with higher accuracy than that of the device. The effect can be obtained.
- Embodiment 2 it is determined whether or not the amount of heat received by the sensor element 14 has reached the activation determination amount of heat based on the intake air amount integrated value GAsum.
- the method is not limited to this. For example, such a determination is made based on the integrated value of the energizing time of the heater 26 after the internal combustion engine is started, the integrated value of the electric power to the heater 26 after the internal combustion engine is started, or the integrated value of the fuel injection amount. (See a modification of the first embodiment).
- whether or not the amount of heat received by the sensor element 14 has reached the activation determination amount of heat is determined based only on the intake air amount integrated value GAsum. It is not limited to this. That is, whether or not the amount of heat received by the sensor element 14 has reached the activation determination calorie is determined by whether (1) the intake air amount integrated value GAsum has reached the sensor activation determination intake air amount integration value, or (2) (3) Whether the integrated value of the electric energy for the heater 26 after the start of the internal combustion engine has reached the integrated value of the sensor activation determination electric power. And (4) the determination of whether the fuel injection amount has reached the sensor activation amount determination may be made based on a combination of two or more conditions. Embodiment 3.
- the device of the present embodiment is different from the device of the above-described first or second embodiment in that the microcomputer 34 is replaced by the routine shown in FIG. 7 or FIG. This can be achieved by executing the routine shown.
- the condition A is satisfied before the condition B, and when the sensor element 14 deteriorates to the extent that the sensor element 14 is out of the tolerance range, the condition B is satisfied before the condition A.
- the settings are established so as to be established. In this case, if the condition B is satisfied before the condition A, it can be determined that the sensor element 14 has deteriorated. By the way, when the sensor element 14 deteriorates and the element impedance Z shifts in the increasing direction, the element impedance Z reaches the target impedance when the element temperature reaches the activation temperature (700 ° C.). A situation does not occur until Z tg.
- the apparatus of the present embodiment determines whether or not the condition B is satisfied before the condition A, and shifts the target impedance Z tg in the ascending direction when the condition is satisfied.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart of a sensor activation determination routine executed by the microcomputer 34 in the present embodiment to realize the above functions.
- step 180 is inserted before step 130, and steps 144 and 146 are replaced by step 190. Except for this point, it is the same as the routine shown in FIG.
- FIG. 14 the same steps as those in the routine shown in FIG. 7 will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted or simplified.
- Step 180 initial processing is executed immediately after the startup.
- the initial processing is performed according to a flowchart shown in FIG.
- the process of reading the target impedance learning value Ztgg and the activity determination learning value Zactg from an SRAM (not shown) connected to the microcomputer 34 (step 182), and the learning values Ztgg and The process of setting Zactg to the target impedance Ztg and the activity determination value Zact, respectively (step 1884) is sequentially performed.
- the learning control routine is executed (step 19). 0).
- the learning control routine is a routine for learning the target impedance learning value Ztgg and the activity determination learning value Zactg.
- FIG. 16 shows a flowchart of the learning control routine executed in step 190 described above.
- the routine shown in FIG. 16 first, it is determined whether or not the intake air amount integrated value GAS is smaller than the sensor activation determination intake air amount integrated value GAsumtg (step 1992). That is, here, it is determined whether the condition B described above is satisfied.
- condition B If GAsum ⁇ GAsum is satisfied (condition B is not satisfied), it can be determined that the activity of the sensor element 14 cannot be determined yet as long as the amount of received heat is used as a basis for determination. In this case, it is next determined whether or not the element impedance Z is equal to or less than the activation determination value Zact, that is, whether or not the condition A is satisfied (step 194).
- step 194 if Z ⁇ Zact is not satisfied, it can be determined that the activity of the sensor element 14 cannot be determined even when the element impedance I is used as a basis for determination. In this case, after it is determined that the sensor element 14 is in the inactive state (step 1966), the learning control routine ends. On the other hand, if it is recognized that Z ⁇ Zact is satisfied in step 1 94 above It can be determined that the activity of the sensor element 14 can be determined when the element impedance Z is used as a basis for the determination. That is, in this case, it can be determined that the condition A has been satisfied before the condition B and that the sensor element 14 has been activated. In this case, first, the activity of the sensor element 14 is determined, and both the activity determination flag xact and the activity determination end flag xactst are turned on (step 198).
- Step 200 it is determined whether or not the learning correction amount Zg is a positive value.
- the activation determination value Zact (strictly, the activation determination learning value) is corrected (incremented) in the positive direction.
- the learning correction amount Zg is a coefficient corresponding to the correction amount of the activity determination value Zact. Therefore, when Zg> 0 holds, it can be determined that the activation determination value Zact is corrected in the increasing direction from the initial value.
- the process of step 200 is a process executed under the condition that the activity of the sensor element 14 cannot be determined from the condition B (GAsum ⁇ GAsumtg), but the condition A (Z ⁇ Zact) is satisfied.
- the learning correction amount Zg is a positive value, it can be determined that the activity determination value Zact may be an excessive value as a result of the learning. Therefore, if Zg> 0 is found to be satisfied in step 200, the learning correction amount Zg is decremented in order to delay the time when the condition A is satisfied (step 202). When the learning correction amount Zg is thus decremented, the target impedance learning value Ztgg and the activity determination learning value Zactg are also decremented.
- step 200 if Zg> 0 is not satisfied by the processing of step 200, there is no possibility that the activation determination value Zact is corrected to an excessive value. Can be determined. In other words, in this case, it can be determined that the condition A is satisfied before the condition B as originally set, and as a result, the activity of the sensor element 14 is determined only based on the satisfaction of the condition A. In this case, the learning control routine is terminated without any further processing.
- step 204 determines whether the learning condition is satisfied.
- step 208 it is determined whether or not a condition sufficient to result in deterioration of the sensor element 14 is satisfied from the phenomenon that the condition B is satisfied before the condition A. Specifically, it is determined whether the engine environment of the sensor element 14 was not a peculiar environment, such as whether the cooling water temperature at startup TWI was equal to or lower than the learning permission temperature (whether the internal combustion engine was started cold). Is done. As a result, if it is determined that the learning condition is not satisfied, the current processing cycle is immediately terminated. On the other hand, if the learning conditions are satisfied, the target impedance learning value Ztgg, the activity determination learning value Zactg, and the learning correction amount Zg are each incremented (step 210). According to the routine shown in FIG.
- the target impedance learning value Ztgg, the activity determination learning value Zactg, and the learning correction amount Zg are updated by the processing in step 202 and the processing in step 210 described above. You. The value updated in this way is written to the SRAM described above.
- the latest learning values Ztgg and Zactg are always set to the target impedance Ztg and the activation determination value Zact. For this reason, according to the device of the present embodiment, the satisfaction of the condition A is prevented from being unduly delayed after the deterioration of the sensor element 14 is advanced, and the sensor element 14 is not controlled in the feedback control region of the heater 26. Can be prevented from overheating.
- the activity determination value Zact is also learned together with the target impedance Ztg in accordance with the deterioration state of the sensor element 14, but the present invention is not limited to this. Absent. That is, only the target impedance Ztg may be learned while keeping the activity determination value Zact at a constant value.
- a first invention is a control device of an exhaust gas sensor mounted in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine, in order to achieve the above object, wherein the exhaust gas sensor is activated when it reaches an activation temperature.
- An element wherein the sensor An impedance detecting device for detecting an element impedance of the sensor element; an impedance determining device for determining whether the element impedance has decreased to an activation determination value; and a received heat amount for estimating a received heat amount of the sensor element.
- the exhaust gas sensor includes a heater that overheats a sensor element, and the heater driving device drives the heater in an environment in which the activity of the exhaust gas sensor is required.
- the calorific value determining device is configured to determine the amount of heat received by the sensor element based on whether or not the heater energizing time after the activation of the exhaust gas sensor has been requested has reached the activation determining time. Is determined.
- the exhaust gas sensor includes a heater that overheats a sensor element, and the heater driving device drives the heater under an environment in which the activity of the exhaust gas sensor is required.
- the calorific value determining device is configured to receive the sensor element based on whether or not the integrated value of the power amount to the heater after the activation of the exhaust gas sensor is requested has reached the active determination power amount integrated value. It is to determine whether the calorific value has reached the calorific value for activity determination.
- the heat amount determining device is configured to determine whether the integrated value of the intake air amount generated after the start of the internal combustion engine has reached the activation determination air amount. This is for determining whether or not the amount of heat received by the element has reached the activation determination amount.
- the calorie determination device is configured to determine whether the integrated amount of fuel supplied to the internal combustion engine after starting has reached the activation determination fuel amount. The amount of heat received by the sensor element reaches the amount of heat for determining activation. It is to determine whether or not it has been done.
- a sixth invention according to any one of the first to fifth inventions, further comprising a starting water temperature detecting device for detecting a starting cooling water temperature of the internal combustion engine, wherein the calorific value judging device comprises the starting cooling water temperature.
- the apparatus further includes an activity determination calorie setting device for increasing the activity determination calorific value as the value is lower.
- the exhaust gas sensor includes a heater that overheats a sensor element, and drives the heater in an environment in which the activity of the exhaust gas sensor is required.
- a determination value setting device that sets the sensor activity determination correlation value to a larger value as the battery voltage in the warm-up process is lower.
- the exhaust gas sensor includes a heater that overheats a sensor element, and drives the heater in an environment in which the activity of the exhaust gas sensor is required.
- a heater control device wherein the heater drive device includes a feedback control device that performs feedback control of the heater so that the element impedance becomes a target impedance;
- a deterioration determining device for determining deterioration of the sensor element when the impedance is determined to be excessive; and a target impedance for correcting the target impedance in an increasing direction when the deterioration of the sensor element is determined.
- a correction device is a correction device.
- the gas sensor includes a heater that overheats a sensor element, and includes a heater driving device that drives the heater in an environment in which the activity of the exhaust gas sensor is required.
- the heater driving device has a configuration in which the element impedance is equal to a target impedance.
- a feedback control device that performs feedback control of the heater element so that the element impedance is determined to be excessive with respect to the amount of heat received by the sensor element.
- An activation determination value correction device that corrects the activation determination value in an increasing direction when deterioration of the sensor element is determined.
- the condition determined by the impedance determining device and the condition determined by the accepted calorie estimating device are as follows: When the impedance is indicated, the former condition is set so as to be satisfied earlier than the latter condition, and the deterioration determination device is configured to determine whether the latter condition is satisfied earlier than the former condition. Then, it is determined that the element impedance is excessive with respect to the received heat amount.
- an eleventh invention is a control device for an exhaust gas sensor mounted on an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine, in order to achieve the above object, wherein the exhaust gas sensor is activated when it reaches an activation temperature.
- An impedance detection means for detecting an element impedance of the sensor element; an impedance determination means for determining whether the element impedance has decreased to an activation determination value; and a reception of the sensor element.
- a received calorie estimating means for estimating the calorific value, a calorific value judging means for judging whether or not the received caloric value has reached the activity judging calorie; And activation determining means for determining the activation of the exhaust gas sensor when any one of the conditions is satisfied.
- the element impedance becomes the activation determination value.
- the activity of the exhaust gas sensor can be determined at the time when the temperature of the exhaust gas sensor decreases or when the amount of heat received by the sensor element reaches the activity determination heat. In other words, even if a delay occurs when the element impedance decreases to the activation determination value due to the deterioration of the sensor element, the activity determination of the sensor element can be performed without delay by the determination based on the amount of heat received by the sensor element. . As described above, according to the present invention, the activity determination of the sensor element can always be quickly performed without relying on learning of the activity determination value.
- the second invention it is possible to accurately determine whether or not the amount of heat received by the sensor element has reached the activation determination heat amount based on whether or not the heater energization time has reached the activation determination time.
- the third aspect it is accurately determined whether or not the amount of heat received by the sensor element has reached the activation determination heat amount based on whether or not the integrated value of the power amount for the heater has reached the activation determination power amount integration value. Can be determined.
- the fourth invention it is determined whether or not the amount of heat received by the sensor element has reached the activation determination heat amount based on whether or not the integrated value of the intake air amount generated after the start of the internal combustion engine has reached the activation determination air amount. Can be accurately determined.
- the fifth aspect it is determined whether or not the amount of heat received by the sensor element has reached the activation determination heat amount based on whether or not the integrated amount of fuel supplied to the internal combustion engine has reached the activation determination fuel amount.
- the determination can be made with high accuracy.
- the lower the cooling water temperature at the start of the internal combustion engine the larger the calorific value for activity determination can be made.
- the amount of heat required for the exhaust gas sensor to become active increases as the cooling water temperature at start-up and the sensor element temperature at the start of warm-up are lower. According to the present invention, by considering such an environment at the start of warm-up, it is possible to enhance the accuracy of activity determination regarding the amount of heat received by the sensor element.
- the period in which the sensor element is warmed up using the heater It can be determined that the received calorific value has reached the activity determination calorific value when the value of becomes a value corresponding to the sensor activity determination correlation value.
- the sensor activity determination correlation value can be set to a larger value as the battery voltage in the warm-up process of the sensor element is lower.
- the amount of heat generated by the heater decreases as the battery voltage decreases. The longer the amount of heat generated by the heater, the longer the activation of the sensor element.
- the sensor activation determination correlation value is set to a large value. Can always be accurately determined.
- the eighth invention it is determined that the sensor element has deteriorated when the element impedance maintains an excessive value despite the amount of heat received by the sensor element being sufficiently large. be able to. Then, when the deterioration is determined, by correcting the target impedance in the increasing direction, it is possible to create a situation in which the sensor element is appropriately controlled to the active temperature by feedback control of the heater.
- the ninth aspect it is determined that the sensor element is degraded when the element impedance maintains an excessive value despite the amount of heat received by the sensor element being sufficiently large. be able to. Then, when the deterioration is determined, the activation determination value is corrected in the increasing direction, thereby creating a situation where the activation determination based on the element impedance is properly performed. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent a delay in activity determination due to deterioration of the sensor element.
- the activity in a situation where the sensor element exhibits an initial impedance, the activity can be determined by the condition determination based on the element impedance. Then, when the deterioration of the sensor element progresses, and the state where the activation judgment is made based on the judgment based on the heat quantity received by the sensor element is reached, the element impedance becomes It is possible to determine that the sensor element is excessively large and the sensor element is deteriorated. As described above, according to the present invention, by using the result of the condition determination for enabling the quick activity determination, it is possible to accurately determine whether the element impedance has deteriorated without performing a new condition determination. can do.
- the microcomputer 34 detects the element impedance so that the “impedance detecting device” in the first invention or the “impedance detecting means” in the eleventh invention is used. By determining whether the condition A is satisfied in the step 144, the “impedance determination device” in the first invention or the impedance determination means in the first invention is determined. By executing the process, the “accepted heat amount estimating device” in the first invention or the accepted heat amount estimating means in the first invention determines whether the condition B is satisfied in the step 144.
- the “calorific value judging device” in the first invention or the “calorific value judging device” in the first invention is 1 4 6 activity determination means of the "activation determining device” or the first aspect of the present invention of the invention by the process for the execution of "are their respective realized.
- the heat control circuit 38 corresponds to the “night drive device” in the second or third invention
- the microcomputer 34 corresponds to the step 12.
- the heater control circuit 38 corresponds to the “heater driving device” in the seventh invention
- the microcomputer 34 corresponds to the above-described step 160.
- the “battery voltage detection device” in the seventh invention executes the process of step 130 to execute the “warm-up period correlation value calculation” in the seventh invention.
- the “apparatus” performs the determination based on the condition B in the above step 144, whereby the “apparatus that determines that the received calorific value has reached the activity determination calorie” in the seventh aspect of the present invention is the “ The “determination value setting device” according to the seventh aspect of the present invention is realized by executing the above processes.
- the heater control circuit 38 corresponds to the “heater drive device” in the eighth or ninth aspect of the present invention, and the microcomputer 34 performs the step 1
- the “feedback control device” in the eighth or ninth aspect of the present invention performs the processing in step 16 to execute the processing in steps 1992 and 204 described above.
- the “deterioration determination device” of the present invention executes the process of step 210 to realize the “target impedance correction device” of the eighth invention or the “activity determination value correction device” of the ninth invention. Is revealed.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Measuring Oxygen Concentration In Cells (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
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JP2005513564A JP4007385B2 (ja) | 2003-09-01 | 2004-09-01 | 排気ガスセンサの制御装置 |
US10/529,282 US7206714B2 (en) | 2003-09-01 | 2004-09-01 | Exhaust gas sensor control device |
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JP2003-309012 | 2003-09-01 | ||
JP2003309012 | 2003-09-01 |
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WO2005022141A1 true WO2005022141A1 (ja) | 2005-03-10 |
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US (1) | US7206714B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4007385B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100416268C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005022141A1 (ja) |
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JP2007009844A (ja) * | 2005-07-01 | 2007-01-18 | Toyota Motor Corp | 排気ガスセンサの制御装置 |
US10408149B2 (en) | 2013-02-18 | 2019-09-10 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Control device for internal combustion engine |
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JP2005207924A (ja) * | 2004-01-23 | 2005-08-04 | Toyota Motor Corp | 排気センサの制御装置 |
JP4645984B2 (ja) * | 2005-07-05 | 2011-03-09 | 株式会社デンソー | 排出ガスセンサの劣化検出装置 |
JP4023503B2 (ja) * | 2005-07-11 | 2007-12-19 | 株式会社デンソー | ガス濃度検出装置 |
DE102006053110B3 (de) * | 2006-11-10 | 2008-04-03 | Audi Ag | Verfahren zur Überprüfung des von einer binären Lambdasonde angezeigten Lambdawertes |
JP4775336B2 (ja) * | 2007-06-27 | 2011-09-21 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 排気ガスセンサのヒータ制御装置 |
DE102008013515A1 (de) * | 2008-03-07 | 2009-09-10 | Volkswagen Ag | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Lambdasonde während der Aufwärmphase |
US20110199094A1 (en) * | 2010-02-16 | 2011-08-18 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Gas Sensor Age Compensation and Failure Detection |
JP5519571B2 (ja) | 2011-04-28 | 2014-06-11 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | ガスセンサ装置およびその制御方法 |
JP5964678B2 (ja) * | 2012-07-16 | 2016-08-03 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | 酸素センサ制御装置 |
US9567934B2 (en) | 2013-06-19 | 2017-02-14 | Enviro Fuel Technology, Lp | Controllers and methods for a fuel injected internal combustion engine |
KR101822562B1 (ko) * | 2015-03-31 | 2018-01-29 | 도요타지도샤가부시키가이샤 | 내연 기관의 배기 정화 장치 |
JP6358148B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-31 | 2018-07-18 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
US10337384B2 (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2019-07-02 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | System and method for determining exhaust temperature |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN100416268C (zh) | 2008-09-03 |
CN1701231A (zh) | 2005-11-23 |
JPWO2005022141A1 (ja) | 2006-10-26 |
US7206714B2 (en) | 2007-04-17 |
US20060047468A1 (en) | 2006-03-02 |
JP4007385B2 (ja) | 2007-11-14 |
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