WO2005008700A1 - 電気二重層キャパシタ - Google Patents
電気二重層キャパシタ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005008700A1 WO2005008700A1 PCT/JP2004/010222 JP2004010222W WO2005008700A1 WO 2005008700 A1 WO2005008700 A1 WO 2005008700A1 JP 2004010222 W JP2004010222 W JP 2004010222W WO 2005008700 A1 WO2005008700 A1 WO 2005008700A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- double layer
- electric double
- electrolyte
- layer capacitor
- formula
- Prior art date
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000005678 chain carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical group COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- -1 phenyl anion Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GOYDNIKZWGIXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-difluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1F GOYDNIKZWGIXJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZQBFAOFFOQMSGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F ZQBFAOFFOQMSGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- WACNXHCZHTVBJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,5-pentafluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F WACNXHCZHTVBJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SOZFIIXUNAKEJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4-tetrafluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=C(F)C(F)=C1F SOZFIIXUNAKEJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UHHYOKRQTQBKSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,5-tetrafluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1 UHHYOKRQTQBKSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AJKNNUJQFALRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trifluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(F)=C1F AJKNNUJQFALRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SDXUIOOHCIQXRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4,5-tetrafluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC(F)=C(F)C=C1F SDXUIOOHCIQXRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXCVBOQRPQKVKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-triphenylbenzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C=C1C=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 XXCVBOQRPQKVKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UEMGWPRHOOEKTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-difluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(F)=C1 UEMGWPRHOOEKTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUGUFLJIAFISSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-difluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=C(F)C=C1 QUGUFLJIAFISSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMJLMPKFQPJDKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylthiolane 1,1-dioxide Chemical compound CC1CCS(=O)(=O)C1 CMJLMPKFQPJDKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003026 Acene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000198134 Agave sisalana Species 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001111 Fine metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 240000000907 Musa textilis Species 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical class C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZTOMUSMDRMJOTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutaronitrile Chemical compound N#CCCCC#N ZTOMUSMDRMJOTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- FUCULZLKZDDJCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanolate;triethyl(methyl)azanium Chemical compound [O-]C.CC[N+](C)(CC)CC FUCULZLKZDDJCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphate Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/54—Electrolytes
- H01G11/58—Liquid electrolytes
- H01G11/60—Liquid electrolytes characterised by the solvent
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/54—Electrolytes
- H01G11/58—Liquid electrolytes
- H01G11/62—Liquid electrolytes characterised by the solute, e.g. salts, anions or cations therein
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electric double layer capacitor, particularly to an electric double layer capacitor having a low resistance, a high withstand voltage and an excellent low temperature characteristic.
- a conventional electric double layer capacitor has a shape in which a separator formed between a pair of polarizable electrodes mainly composed of activated carbon formed on a current collector is placed in a metal case together with an electrolytic solution.
- a coin-shaped element that is housed and sealed with a metal lid via a gasket, or an element formed by winding a pair of sheet-shaped polarizable electrodes with a separator interposed therebetween is housed in a metal case together with an electrolyte in a metal case. There is a wound type that is sealed so that the electrolyte does not evaporate from the opening.
- nonaqueous electrolytes are used in addition to an aqueous electrolyte containing a mineral acid such as sulfuric acid, an alkali metal salt or an alkali.
- Solvents for non-aqueous electrolytes include propylene carbonate, ⁇ -butyrolataton, acetonitrile, dimethylenolenomamide (see JP-A-49-68254), and sulfolane derivatives (see JP-A-62-237715). It has been known. Comparing the withstand voltage, the aqueous electrolyte is 0.8 V, while the non-aqueous electrolyte is 2.5-3.3 V.
- the electrostatic energy of the capacitor is proportional to the square of the withstand voltage, the electrostatic energy In this respect, the non-aqueous electrolyte is more advantageous.
- these high-dielectric solvents which have high electrolyte solubility, generally have high viscosity and high electrolysis.
- an electrolytic solution having a high concentration cannot be obtained, but a high electric conductivity cannot be obtained.
- chain ethers, chain esters, and chain carbonates which are low-viscosity solvents, have a low dielectric constant, so that they cannot substantially dissolve the electrolyte and cannot obtain high electric conductivity. there were.
- Propylene carbonate which is generally used as a solvent for an electrolytic solution of an electric double layer capacitor, has a high dielectric constant and a relatively high viscosity, and is preferably used as a solvent. 2.
- propylene carbonate was decomposed when a voltage of 9 V or more was applied.
- sulfolane which is electrochemically stable, has a high withstand voltage and does not decompose until a voltage of about 3.4 V is applied, but has a problem that the solubility of the electrolyte is low and the melting point is high, and particularly the low-temperature characteristics are poor.
- the present inventors have proposed that the electrolyte force 3 ⁇ 4 a R b R d N + (where, is an n-propyl group, R d is each independently a methyl group or an ethyl group.
- two members selected from R a —R d may form a tetramethylene group to form a cyclic pyrrolidinium cation), which is a chain quaternary ammonium cation.
- an electrolytic solution containing dimethyl carbonate as a solvent see US Publication No. 20 03137798).
- the cation is electrochemically stable, and the electrolyte having the cation has high solubility in dimethyl carbonate, which is a solvent having a low dielectric constant and a low viscosity.
- dimethyl carbonate solvent electrolytes are said to separate into a dimethyl carbonate phase as a solvent and an electrolyte phase in which the electrolyte is dissolved in a region where the electrolyte concentration is low. Phenomenon is seen. Therefore, an electrolytic solution containing this electrolyte at a high concentration provides a highly reliable electric double layer capacitor with high electrical conductivity and long-term use, but when the electrolyte has a low concentration, the capacitor operates. Sometimes it was difficult. Also, since the melting point of dimethyl carbonate is about 4 ° C, there was a problem that it would not work at low temperatures if the solvent consisted of only dimethyl carbonate.
- the present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and in particular, by examining an electrolytic solution, provides an electric duplex having high withstand voltage, low resistance, and excellent low-temperature characteristics. It is an object to provide a layer capacitor.
- the present invention provides an electric double layer capacitor having a pair of polarizable electrodes and an electrolytic solution forming an electric double layer at an interface between the polarizable electrodes, wherein the electrolytic solution is represented by Formula 1 as an electrolyte.
- Salt (however, in formula 1, R 2 is each independently an alkyl group having 14 to 14 carbon atoms, and X— represents an anion. ), And at least (1) a chain carbonate having 5 or less carbon atoms, (2) sulfolane or a derivative thereof, and (3) fluorobenzene as a solvent.
- the electrolyte is a salt represented by the above formula 1 (wherein, R 2 is each independently an alkyl group having 14 to 14 carbon atoms, and X— represents an anion.
- a solvent comprising at least (1) a chain carbonate having 5 or less carbon atoms, (2) sulfolane or a derivative thereof, and (3) fluorobenzene as a solvent.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, by adding sulfolane to a chain carbonate having 5 or less carbon atoms, such as dimethyl carbonate, a low level was obtained. It has been found that an electrolytic solution exhibiting high electrical conductivity without phase separation even in the concentration region can be obtained. However, the melting point of sulfolane was 28 ° C, and there was a problem that the low-temperature characteristics were further deteriorated. However, this was further reduced by a solvent with a low melting point of 41 ° C and a low viscosity. The present inventors have found that by adding certain fluorobenzene, it is possible to provide a low-resistance, high-withstand voltage electric double layer capacitor having excellent capacitor characteristics even in a low-temperature region, and reached the present invention.
- the electrolytic solution of the present invention has low resistance and high withstand voltage, and can exhibit excellent characteristics with low resistance and high withstand voltage even in a low temperature region. Therefore, the electric double layer capacitor of the present invention having this electrolytic solution has high withstand voltage and excellent low temperature characteristics.
- the electrolyte of the electrolytic solution of the electric double layer capacitor of the present invention is a Pirorijiniu beam salts of the formula 1, more force salt having a cation R 1 and R 2 in Formula 1 are different from each other R 1 Since the solubility in a solvent is higher than that of a salt in which R 2 and R 2 are the same, the concentration of the electrolyte can be increased, which is preferable. A high electric conductivity can be realized by increasing the concentration of the electrolyte.
- the carbon chain of the group bonded to the nitrogen atom be long, since solubility in a solvent is increased and the concentration can be increased.
- the longer the carbon chain of the group bonded to the nitrogen atom the larger the ionic radius, the smaller the amount of ions that can form an electric double layer per unit volume due to the inability to enter the micropores of the electrode. The shorter the better, the better.
- the salt represented by Formula 2 or Formula 3 is particularly preferable in terms of solubility in a solvent, ion amount, and electric conductivity of a solution.
- the anion of the electrolyte contained in the electrolytic solution of the electric double layer capacitor of the present invention is BF_, P
- BF- is notable in terms of solubility in solvents, electrical conductivity of solutions, and electrochemical stability. Preferred. Therefore, particularly preferred among the electrolytes in the present invention is ethylmethylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate (hereinafter referred to as EMPyBF) represented by the formula (4).
- EMPyBF ethylmethylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate
- MPPyBF methylpropylpyrrolidinium tetrafluoroborate
- the solvent of the electrolytic solution in the present invention contains at least (1) a chain carbonate having 5 or less carbon atoms, (2) sulfolane or a derivative thereof, and (3) fluorobenzene.
- Specific examples of (1) include dimethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, getyl carbonate, methyl propyl carbonate and the like.
- (2) includes sulfolane, 3-methylsulfolane, and the like.
- (3) includes monofluorobenzene, 1,2-difluorobenzene, 1,3-difluorobenzene, 1,4-difluorobenzene, 1,2,3-trifluorobenzene, 1, 2,4-Triphenyl benzene, 1,3,5-Triffinole benzene, 1,2,3,4-tetrafluorobenzene, 1,2,3,5-tetrafluorobenzene, 1 , 2,4,5-tetrafluorobenzene, pentafluorobenzene and hexafluorobenzene.
- the solvent of the electrolytic solution may consist of only (1)-(3), but other solvents may be further added.
- solvents can be used as the other solvent.
- cyclic carbonates such as propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate and butylene carbonate
- cyclic ratatatons such as ⁇ -butyral ratatone and ⁇ -valerolatanone
- nitriles such as acetonitrile and glutaronitrile
- dimethylformamide 1,2-dimethoxy Ethane, nitromethane, trimethyl phosphate and the like.
- An electrolytic solution in which dimethyl carbonate is used as a solvent in combination with EMPyBF is about 2.0-
- the concentration is in the range of 9 mol / kg, it becomes a single phase. 2.
- the electric conductivity reaches a peak at about 20.9 mSZcm.
- the electrolyte solution combined with MPPyBF becomes a single phase in the range of about 1.8-4.2 mol / kg and 2.6 mol / kg
- this solution contains 336% of sulfolane or a sulfolane derivative in the total mass of the solution, so that the electrolyte has high electric conductivity. become. Further, since the melting points of dimethyl carbonate and sulfolane are about 3 ° C. and 28 ° C., respectively, the performance of the above-mentioned electrolytic solution is lowered in a low temperature region. On the other hand, when 3-36% of fluorobenzene, which is a low-viscosity solvent having a melting point of about 141 ° C., is contained, the electric conductivity in the low temperature region is remarkably improved. The same applies to the case where another electrolyte represented by Formula 1 is used.
- the electrolyte concentration is 0.5-2.5mol / kg
- the proportion of the electrolyte in the total mass of the electrolyte is preferably 1060% in any of the electrolytes represented by Formula 1.
- dimethyl carbonate is preferably contained at 2584% in the total mass of the electrolytic solution. If the content of dimethyl carbonate is less than 25%, the solubility of the electrolyte decreases, and the concentration of the electrolyte may not be sufficiently increased.
- the composition of the electrolytic solution of the present invention contains 1060% of the electrolyte, 25 to 84% of dimethyl carbonate, 3 to 36% of sulfolane, and 3 to 36% of fluorobenzene by mass ratio to the total mass of the electrolytic solution. It is better to be.
- the electrolytic solution of the present invention is a non-aqueous electrolytic solution, and the smaller the amount of metallic impurities and water, the more preferable.
- the polarizable electrode used in the electric double layer capacitor of the present invention is mainly made of activated carbon, carbon black, and fine metal particles as long as it is mainly composed of an electrochemically inactive material having a high specific surface area. And those made of conductive oxide fine particles. Among them, it is preferable to use a metal current collector having an electrode layer made of a carbon material powder having a high specific surface area such as activated carbon formed on the surface thereof.
- the electrode layer is made of a carbon material powder such as activated carbon or polyacene having a large specific surface area.
- Electrode layer Water, N-methylpyrrolidone, etc. may be mixed with activated carbon, a conductive agent, and a binder to form a slurry, which may be applied to both surfaces of the metal current collector and dried to form an electrode layer.
- the thickness of the electrode layer is not limited, but is usually about 10 / im-0.5 mm.
- Examples of the activated carbon material include natural plant tissues such as palms, synthetic resins such as phenol, and materials derived from fossil fuels such as coal, coats, and pitch.
- Activated carbon is activated by different methods depending on the raw materials used. Usually, a steam activation method or an alkali activation method (especially a KOH activation method) is applied. Since natural plant tissues and activated carbon derived from fossil fuels contain a relatively large amount of metal impurities, purification by acid washing or the like is generally required.
- the activated carbon activated by the alkali activation method a large amount of the alkali metal used for activation and the amount of metal impurities brought in by the reaction with the alkali from the activation device are large, so that a cleaning operation is essential.
- steam activated carbon using synthetic resin as a raw material is most preferable in terms of metal impurities.
- the element configuration of the electric double layer capacitor of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be a coin type configuration.
- the present invention can be suitably applied to any of the structure, cylindrical structure, and square structure.
- an electrode layer mainly composed of activated carbon is formed on a current collector, an element is formed by disposing a separator between a pair of electrode bodies, and the element is formed into a coin-type with an electrolytic solution. It can be sealed in a metal case with a metal sealing lid and a gasket that insulates both.
- the cylindrical structure is, for example, the following structure.
- current collecting leads respectively drawn from the positive electrode body and the negative electrode body were provided on, for example, an electrically insulating sealing lid. At the same time, they are connected to the electrode terminals, and the sealing lid is fitted into a metal case to form a cylindrical structure.
- the rectangular structure is, for example, the following structure.
- An electrode layer is formed on both sides of a rectangular metal current collector, and a plurality of positive electrode bodies and a plurality of negative electrode bodies are provided with current collecting leads. Laminated element body from which leads are drawn out
- the element body is housed in a square metal case, impregnated with an electrolytic solution, and the sealing lid is fitted into a square case to form a square structure.
- a current collector may be a metal that is electrochemically and chemically resistant to corrosion.
- a housing member such as a metal sealing lid or a metal case often serves as the current collector.
- the current collector is made of metal, such as aluminum, stainless steel, nickel, tantalum, or the like.
- An alloy foil, net or the like containing Even more preferred as a metal current collector is 99.9%, more preferably 99.99% pure aluminum foil.
- a current collecting lead is formed on a metal current collector.
- a tape-shaped or ribbon-shaped portion without an electrode layer is provided on the current collector, and conductive tab terminals, wires, tapes, ribbons, etc. are joined to the current-collector by welding or the like to form a current collecting lead.
- a portion where the electrode layer is not formed may be provided in a part of the current collector, and this portion may be used as a current collecting lead.
- a band-shaped portion where an electrode layer is not formed is provided along one end in the longitudinal direction of the band-shaped current collector, and a counter electrode is provided so that the band-shaped portion is reversed. Both end faces (the above-mentioned belt-shaped portion) of the element obtained by arranging, overlapping via a separator, and winding can be used as current collecting leads.
- the separator of the present invention is not particularly limited, and any porous separator through which ions can pass may be used, such as a microporous polyethylene film, a microporous polypropylene film, a polyethylene nonwoven fabric, a polypropylene nonwoven fabric, a polypropylene nonwoven fabric, and a glass fiber blend.
- a microporous polyethylene film such as a microporous polyethylene film, a microporous polypropylene film, a polyethylene nonwoven fabric, a polypropylene nonwoven fabric, a polypropylene nonwoven fabric, and a glass fiber blend.
- Non-woven fabric, glass mat, cellulose paper, kraft pulp, sisal / manila hemp, etc. can be suitably used.
- Separator thickness is 20 200 x m, especially 30-100 z m.
- a range of 90% is preferred, more preferably a range of 60-85%.
- Ethanol was added to a mixture of 8: 1: 1 by mass ratio of phenolic resin-based activated carbon, polytetrafluoroethylene, and carbon black, which had been activated by steam and having a specific surface area of 2000 m 2 / g, and kneaded to form a sheet. This was roll-rolled to a thickness of 0.6 mm to obtain an electrode sheet, and then punched into a disk having a diameter of 12 mm.
- the disc-shaped electrode was bonded to the inside of the positive electrode side and the negative electrode side of a stainless steel case, which was used as a current collector and a housing member of a coin cell, using a graphite-based conductive adhesive.
- the stainless steel case was heat-treated under reduced pressure to remove water, etc., and 2.Omol / kg was added to a mixed solvent of dimethyl carbonate, sulfolane and monofluorobenzene at a mass ratio of 56:24:20. Impregnate the electrodes with the electrolyte solution in which EMPyBF is dissolved, and
- a stainless steel nonwoven fabric separator (thickness: 160 ⁇ , porosity: 70%) is sandwiched between the stainless steel cases, and the stainless steel case is caulked and closed via a gasket that is an insulator.
- a coin-shaped electric double layer capacitor having a thickness of 2. Omm was obtained.
- electrolytic solution a solution obtained by dissolving 1.OmolZkg of MPPvBF in a mixed solvent of dimethyl carbonate, sulfolane, and monofluorobenzene at a mass ratio of 64:16:20 was used.
- a coin-type electric double layer capacitor was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the liquid was used.
- Example 2 The same procedure as in Example 1 was repeated except that a solution prepared by dissolving 2.Omol / kg of EMPyBF in a mixed solvent of dimethyl carbonate and sulfolane at a mass ratio of 70:30 was used as the electrolyte.
- Example 2 The same procedure as in Example 1 was repeated except that a solution prepared by dissolving 1.Omol / kg of EMPyBF in a mixed solvent of dimethyl carbonate and sulfolane at a mass ratio of 80:20 was used as the electrolyte.
- the solubility of the electrolyte used in the examples and comparative examples in the solvent was confirmed.
- the electrical conductivity of the solution was measured at 25 ° C and -25 ° C, and the results are shown in Table 1.
- the electrolyte in the present invention dissolves without two-phase separation even in a low concentration region, and shows high electric conductivity without coagulation even in a low temperature region.
- Et MeNBF is for triethyl monomethyl ammonium methoxide.
- the electrolytic solution of the present invention has low resistance, high withstand voltage, and excellent low-temperature characteristics. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an electric double layer cannon having low resistance, high withstand voltage, and excellent in low temperature characteristics.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005511868A JPWO2005008700A1 (ja) | 2003-07-17 | 2004-07-16 | 電気二重層キャパシタ |
EP04747687A EP1648005A4 (en) | 2003-07-17 | 2004-07-16 | CAPACITOR WITH DOUBLE ELECTRIC LAYER |
US11/332,375 US7173807B2 (en) | 2003-07-17 | 2006-01-17 | Electric double layer capacitor |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003276171 | 2003-07-17 | ||
JP2003-276171 | 2003-07-17 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/332,375 Continuation US7173807B2 (en) | 2003-07-17 | 2006-01-17 | Electric double layer capacitor |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2005008700A1 true WO2005008700A1 (ja) | 2005-01-27 |
Family
ID=34074580
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2004/010222 WO2005008700A1 (ja) | 2003-07-17 | 2004-07-16 | 電気二重層キャパシタ |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US7173807B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1648005A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2005008700A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005008700A1 (ja) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006351915A (ja) * | 2005-06-17 | 2006-12-28 | Japan Carlit Co Ltd:The | 電気二重層キャパシタ用電解液及び電気二重層キャパシタ |
US7391603B2 (en) * | 2005-05-18 | 2008-06-24 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Electric double layer capacitor and electrolytic solution therefor |
WO2008123286A1 (ja) * | 2007-03-26 | 2008-10-16 | Showa Denko K. K. | 電気二重層キャパシタ |
JPWO2008018326A1 (ja) * | 2006-08-11 | 2009-12-24 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 電気二重層キャパシタ用非水系電解液およびそれを用いた電気二重層キャパシタ |
JP2011527838A (ja) * | 2008-07-09 | 2011-11-04 | マックスウェル テクノロジーズ, インク | 電極デバイス |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP2133895A1 (en) * | 2004-01-15 | 2009-12-16 | Panasonic Corporation | Nonaqueous electrolyte for electrochemical devices |
JP3996588B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-30 | 2007-10-24 | 株式会社パワーシステム | 電気二重層キャパシタ |
JP2006332446A (ja) * | 2005-05-27 | 2006-12-07 | Tdk Corp | 電気二重層キャパシタ |
JP5820158B2 (ja) * | 2010-08-18 | 2015-11-24 | セイコーインスツル株式会社 | 電気二重層キャパシタ及びその製造方法 |
US9520243B2 (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2016-12-13 | Korea Institute Of Energy Research | Method of manufacturing flexible thin-film typer super-capacitor device using a hot-melt adhesive film, and super-capacitor device manufactured by the method |
KR102635455B1 (ko) | 2016-05-20 | 2024-02-13 | 교세라 에이브이엑스 컴포넌츠 코포레이션 | 고온용 울트라커패시터 |
KR102386805B1 (ko) | 2016-05-20 | 2022-04-14 | 교세라 에이브이엑스 컴포넌츠 코포레이션 | 울트라커패시터용 비수 전해질 |
CN107887176B (zh) * | 2016-09-29 | 2020-07-28 | 深圳新宙邦科技股份有限公司 | 一种用于超级电容器的有机电解液及超级电容器 |
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JP2001185213A (ja) * | 1999-12-28 | 2001-07-06 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | 非水電解質電池およびその製造方法。 |
EP1324358A2 (en) * | 2001-12-11 | 2003-07-02 | Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. | Electric double layer capacitor |
JP2003187868A (ja) * | 2001-12-21 | 2003-07-04 | Hitachi Maxell Ltd | 非水二次電池及びこれを用いた携帯機器 |
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JP2987162B2 (ja) | 1989-12-29 | 1999-12-06 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | 電気二重層キヤパシタ |
JP3244691B2 (ja) | 1990-10-18 | 2002-01-07 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 電気二重層コンデンサ |
JP2757573B2 (ja) | 1991-03-14 | 1998-05-25 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 電気二重層コンデンサ |
US5754393A (en) | 1995-03-07 | 1998-05-19 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Electric double layer capacitor |
JPH1027623A (ja) | 1996-07-09 | 1998-01-27 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 有機電解質電池 |
US5969936A (en) | 1997-03-24 | 1999-10-19 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Electric double layer capacitor and electrolyte therefor |
CA2353770C (en) * | 2000-07-25 | 2009-09-08 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | Activated carbon, process for producing the same, polarizable electrode, and electric double layer capacitor |
KR100477744B1 (ko) * | 2001-10-31 | 2005-03-18 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 유기 전해액 및 이를 채용한 리튬 2차전지 |
EP1365427B1 (en) * | 2002-04-22 | 2008-03-19 | Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. | Electric double layer capacitor |
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2004
- 2004-07-16 JP JP2005511868A patent/JPWO2005008700A1/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-07-16 WO PCT/JP2004/010222 patent/WO2005008700A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-07-16 EP EP04747687A patent/EP1648005A4/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-01-17 US US11/332,375 patent/US7173807B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JP2001185213A (ja) * | 1999-12-28 | 2001-07-06 | Japan Storage Battery Co Ltd | 非水電解質電池およびその製造方法。 |
EP1324358A2 (en) * | 2001-12-11 | 2003-07-02 | Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. | Electric double layer capacitor |
JP2003187868A (ja) * | 2001-12-21 | 2003-07-04 | Hitachi Maxell Ltd | 非水二次電池及びこれを用いた携帯機器 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7391603B2 (en) * | 2005-05-18 | 2008-06-24 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Electric double layer capacitor and electrolytic solution therefor |
JP2006351915A (ja) * | 2005-06-17 | 2006-12-28 | Japan Carlit Co Ltd:The | 電気二重層キャパシタ用電解液及び電気二重層キャパシタ |
JPWO2008018326A1 (ja) * | 2006-08-11 | 2009-12-24 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 電気二重層キャパシタ用非水系電解液およびそれを用いた電気二重層キャパシタ |
US7755879B2 (en) | 2006-08-11 | 2010-07-13 | Asahi Glass Company, Limited | Non-aqueous electrolytic solution for electric double layer capacitor and electric double layer capacitor using the same |
WO2008123286A1 (ja) * | 2007-03-26 | 2008-10-16 | Showa Denko K. K. | 電気二重層キャパシタ |
JP2011527838A (ja) * | 2008-07-09 | 2011-11-04 | マックスウェル テクノロジーズ, インク | 電極デバイス |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1648005A1 (en) | 2006-04-19 |
JPWO2005008700A1 (ja) | 2006-11-02 |
EP1648005A4 (en) | 2007-08-22 |
US20060171101A1 (en) | 2006-08-03 |
US7173807B2 (en) | 2007-02-06 |
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