WO2005003770A1 - 生化学反応装置、生化学反応用基板、ハイブリダイゼーション用基板の製造方法及びハイブリダイゼーション方法 - Google Patents
生化学反応装置、生化学反応用基板、ハイブリダイゼーション用基板の製造方法及びハイブリダイゼーション方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005003770A1 WO2005003770A1 PCT/JP2004/009544 JP2004009544W WO2005003770A1 WO 2005003770 A1 WO2005003770 A1 WO 2005003770A1 JP 2004009544 W JP2004009544 W JP 2004009544W WO 2005003770 A1 WO2005003770 A1 WO 2005003770A1
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- substrate
- electrode
- biochemical reaction
- electric field
- hybridization
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
- G01N33/54366—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing
- G01N33/54373—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing involving physiochemical end-point determination, e.g. wave-guides, FETS, gratings
- G01N33/5438—Electrodes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
- G01N33/551—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals the carrier being inorganic
- G01N33/553—Metal or metal coated
Definitions
- Biochemical reaction apparatus substrate for biochemical reaction, method for producing substrate for hybridization, and method for hybridization
- the present invention relates to a biochemical reaction apparatus for performing a biochemical reaction using a substrate, a substrate for a biochemical reaction such as a DNA chip, a hybridization method for hybridizing nucleotide chains, and a probe.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a substrate for hybridization to which a nucleotide chain for immobilization is fixed.
- a substrate called a so-called DNA chip or a DNA microarray (hereinafter, collectively referred to as a DNA chip) on which predetermined DNA (full length or a part thereof) is finely arranged by microarray technology is used for gene mutation, SNPs. It has been used for (base polymorphism) analysis, gene expression frequency analysis, etc., and has begun to be widely used in drug discovery, clinical diagnosis, pharmacological dienomitas, forensic medicine and other fields.
- a DNA analysis method using a DNA chip involves PCR amplification of mRNA (messenger RNA) extracted from cells and tissues using a reverse transcription PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) while incorporating a fluorescent probe dNTP to generate sample DNA. Then, the sample DNA is dropped onto the probe DNA solid-phased (fixed) on the DNA chip, and the probe DNA and the sample DNA are hybridized. Then, a fluorescent labeling agent is inserted into the double helix of DNA, and the fluorescence is measured with a predetermined detector. From this, it is determined whether or not the base sequences of the sample DNA and the probe DNA are the same.
- mRNA messenger RNA
- reverse transcription PCR Polymerase Chain Reaction
- single-stranded DNA forms a random coil rather than a linear one in solution, so that the hybridization between probe DNA and sample DNA has high steric hindrance through high-speed hybridization. Difficult to do. Even if the suspended sample DNA is moved in the direction of the probe DNA by the electric field, the degree of steric hindrance does not change and it is difficult to perform hybridization at high speed.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a biochemical reaction device capable of performing hybridization at a high speed in order to solve such conventional problems.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a biochemical reaction substrate having a simple structure and performing hybridization at a high speed.
- the present invention is a biochemical reaction apparatus for performing a biochemical reaction using a substrate, a reaction region for performing a biochemical reaction, holding means for holding a substrate having an electrode formed in the reaction region, and An external electrode is provided so as to face the electrode, and electric field control means for generating an electric field between the electrode on the substrate and the external electrode.
- the biochemical reaction substrate according to the present invention is a biochemical reaction substrate that is a substrate used for a biochemical reaction, and a reaction region for performing a biochemical reaction and an electric field are formed in the reaction region.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a substrate for hybridization, comprising: forming a plurality of wells having a bottom surface modified with a first functional group on a flat substrate surface; A solution containing a nucleotide chain, one end of which has been modified with a second functional group that binds to the group, is dropped into each cell, and the first functional group is applied while applying a vertical AC electric field to the flat substrate. And the second functional group to bind the nucleotide chain to the bottom of the well.
- this substrate manufacturing method one end is connected to the surface of a flat substrate while a probe nucleotide chain is extended and moved in a vertical direction by applying an AC electric field in a direction perpendicular to the surface.
- the hybridization method according to the present invention relates to a sample nucleotide chain formed on the surface of a flat substrate and having one end of a probe nucleotide chain bonded to the bottom surface. Is dropped and a nucleotide chain for a probe and a nucleotide chain for a sample are hybridized while applying an AC electric field in a direction perpendicular to the flat substrate.
- one end is connected to the surface of a flat substrate to fix a nucleotide chain for a probe in a well, and an alternating electric field in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the flat substrate is formed.
- an alternating electric field in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the flat substrate is formed.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of a bioassay substrate according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a bioassay substrate according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing a step of forming a well of a substrate for a bioassay.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a silane molecule having an OH group modified on the bottom surface of a well.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing probe DNA bound to the bottom surface of the gel.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining control of dropping a solution onto a substrate for a nooassay.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a method of applying an AC electric field to a bioassay substrate.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a DNA analyzer for performing DNA analysis using the bioassay substrate according to the present invention.
- DNA analysis to which the present invention is applied
- the following describes a bioassay substrate for use and a bioassay method for performing DNA analysis using the bioassay substrate.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating the upper surface of the bioassay substrate 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating the cross section of the bioassay substrate 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention. Show.
- the overall shape of the bioassay substrate 1 is, for example, a flat plate having a circular main surface, like optical disks such as CDs (Compact Disks) and DVDs (Digital Versatile Disks).
- a center hole 2 is formed at the center of the main surface of the substrate 1 for bioassay.
- a chucking mechanism for holding and rotating the bioassay substrate 1 when the bioassay substrate 1 is mounted on the DNA analyzer is inserted into the center hole 2.
- the bioassay substrate 1 is formed of a substrate layer 3, a transparent electrode layer 4, a solid phase layer 5, and a well forming layer 6 from the lower side.
- the surface of the bioassay substrate 1 on the side of the well forming layer 6 is referred to as an upper surface la, and the surface on the side of the substrate layer 3 is referred to as a lower surface lb.
- the substrate layer 3 is a material that transmits excitation light for exciting a fluorescent labeling agent, which will be described in detail later, and fluorescent light of the fluorescent labeling agent.
- the substrate layer 3 is formed of a material such as quartz glass, silicon, polycarbonate, and polystyrene.
- the transparent electrode layer 4 is a layer formed on the substrate layer 3.
- the transparent electrode layer 4 is formed of a light-transmissive and conductive material such as ITO (indium-tin-oxide) or aluminum.
- the transparent electrode layer 4 is formed on the substrate layer 3 to a thickness of about 250 nm by, for example, sputtering electron beam evaporation or the like.
- the solid phase layer 5 is a layer formed on the transparent electrode layer 4.
- the solid phase immobilization layer 5 is formed of a material for immobilizing one end of the probe DNA.
- the solid phase layer 5 is made of Si ⁇ whose surface can be modified with silane, for example, by sputtering or electron beam evaporation.
- the well forming layer 6 is a layer formed on the solid-phased layer 5.
- the well forming layer 6 is a layer on which a plurality of wells 8 are formed.
- the well 8 has a hollow shape opened on the upper surface la side of the bioassay substrate 1, and has a depth enough to hold a liquid such as a solution containing sampnola DNA when the liquid is dropped. Size and size. For example, the hole 8 is formed to have an opening force of 100 ⁇ m square, the depth is about the same, and the solid phase layer 5 is exposed on the bottom surface 11.
- such a well forming layer 6 is formed by applying a photosensitive polyimide 13 on the solid phase layer 5 to a thickness of about 5 zm by spin coating or the like (Step Sl). ).
- a photomask 14 having a predetermined pattern is formed on the applied photosensitive polyimide 13, and the photosensitive polyimide 13 is exposed and developed using the photomask 14 (step S2).
- a plurality of wells 8 are formed in the well forming layer 6 (step S3).
- the bottom surface 11 of the well 8 is modified with a functional group such that the probe DNA modified at one end with the functional group is bonded to the bottom surface 11 (the portion where the solid phase layer 5 is exposed).
- the bottom surface 11 (the solid-phased layer 5 formed with the SiO force) is surface-modified with the silane molecule 16 having the SH group 15. For this reason, ⁇
- the bottom surface 11 of the hologram 8 is capable of binding a probe DNA, one end of which is modified with an SH group, for example.
- a probe DNA one end of which is modified with an SH group, for example.
- a plurality of wells 8 are directed radially from the center of the main surface to the outer peripheral direction at a plurality of rows at equal intervals of, for example, about 400 ⁇ m. They are arranged side by side.
- the bioassay substrate 1 has address pits 9 which can be read by irradiating a laser beam from the lower surface lb side of the bioassay substrate 1.
- the address pit 9 is information for specifying the position of each cell 8 on the plane of the bioassay substrate 1.
- a focus servo servo control for controlling the laser beam focusing position is performed by using a reproduction system similar to the optical disc system.
- positioning servo control for controlling the irradiation position of the laser beam in the radial direction and the dropping position by the dropping device, and information detection processing of the address pit 9 can be performed. In other words, by associating the information content recorded in the address pit 9 with the level 8 near the address pit 9, the information of the address pit 9 is read, and a specific level 8 is read.
- the position of the level 8 where the fluorescence is emitted or the position of the specific level 8 and the relative position of the dropping device are controlled, and the specific level of the specific level 8 is controlled.
- the solution can be dropped into the well 8.
- a parallel electric field can be formed between the electrode and the transparent conductive layer 4 by bringing the electrode close to the upper side of the well 8. Therefore, for example, in the case of performing DNA hybridization, an alternating electric field is applied to the well 8 to extend the DNA floating in the well to promote the progress of the hybridization. Can be.
- a solution S containing a probe DNA modified at one end with an SH group is dropped onto a predetermined well 8.
- a plurality of types of probe DNAs are dropped onto one bioassay substrate 1.
- one kind of probe DNA should be contained in one gel 8.
- an arrangement map or the like indicating the correspondence between the well and the probe DNA is generated in advance, and the drop control is performed based on the arrangement map.
- the drop control of the solution S is performed by controlling the drive of the bioassay substrate 1 in the same manner as in the optical disk drive system. That is, as shown in FIG.
- the plate 1 is rotated while being held in parallel with the upper surface la facing upward, and the address pit 9 is detected by irradiating the laser beam V from the lower side (lower surface lb side) of the bioassay substrate 1 to detect the address pit 9.
- the position of the drop may be controlled while specifying the position.
- a flat surface 18a (for example, a circular surface having a diameter of 300 ⁇ m) that is sufficiently larger than the size of the opening of the well 8 is externally provided on the upper surface la side of the bioassay substrate 1.
- a probe-shaped external electrode 18 formed at the tip is brought close to a predetermined well 8 so that the tip covers the same.
- an AC voltage is applied between the external electrode 18 and the transparent electrode layer 4 to apply an AC electric field in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the bioassay substrate 1.
- an AC electric field of about 1 MV / m and about 1 MHz is applied to the inside of the wafer 8.
- the probe DNA (P) floating in the solution in the well 8 extends in a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the bioassay substrate 1 and Then, the probe DNA moves vertically to the bioassay substrate 1. For this reason, the modified end of the probe DNA is bonded to the bottom surface 11 which has been subjected to the surface modification treatment in advance, and the probe DNA can be immobilized (immobilized) on the bottom surface 11 of the well 8.
- a flat surface 18a In order to apply a parallel electric field perpendicular to the main surface of the bioassay substrate 1, a flat surface 18a must be formed at the tip of the external electrode 18, and the flat surface must be parallel to the transparent electrode layer 4. desirable.
- a mirror-polished semiconductor wafer such as Si or GaAs, which is highly doped with an acceptor or donor ion at the tip, may be attached to the tip of the probe-shaped metal.
- nucleotide chain The reason that single-stranded DNA (nucleotide chain) extends and moves when an AC electric field is applied is as follows. In other words, it is considered that an ion cloud is formed in the nucleotide chain by the phosphate ion (negative charge) forming the skeleton of the nucleotide chain and the hydrogen ion (positive charge) obtained by ionizing water around the nucleotide chain. This is because the polarization vector generated by the negative and positive charges is directed in one direction as a whole by applying a high-frequency high voltage, and as a result, the nucleotide chain is elongated.
- the probe DNA when an AC electric field is applied, the probe DNA is stretched in a direction parallel to the electric field, resulting in a state in which steric hindrance is reduced, and a state in which the probe DNA is easily bonded to the bottom surface 11. Then, by bonding the probe DNA to the bottom surface 11, it is possible to immobilize (immobilize) the probe DNA on the bottom surface 11 of the well 8.
- the external electrode 18 comes close to the predetermined well 8 from outside the upper surface la side of the bioassay substrate 1 so as to cover the predetermined well 8.
- an AC voltage is applied between the external electrode 18 and the transparent electrode layer 4 while maintaining the temperature at about 60 ° C. That is, an AC electric field in the vertical direction is applied to the main surface of the bioassay substrate 1 while heating. For example, an AC electric field of about 1 MV / m and 1 MHz is applied to the well 8.
- the sample DNA and the probe DNA are extended in the vertical direction to reduce steric hindrance, and the sample DNA moves in the vertical direction with respect to the bioassay substrate 1.
- the sample DNA and the probe DNA whose base sequences are complementary to each other are in the same column 8, they cause hybridization.
- a fluorescent-labeled intercalator or the like is dropped into the vial 8 of the bioassay substrate 1.
- a fluorescent labeling agent is inserted and bound between the double helix of the hybridized probe DNA and the sample DNA.
- the surface la of the bioassay substrate 1 is washed with pure water or the like to remove the sample DNA and the fluorescent labeling agent in the gel 8 where the hybridization has not occurred. As a result, it was confirmed that the fluorescent labeling agent remained only in the gel 8 where hybridization occurred. Become.
- the fluorescence from the well 8 is detected. That is, while rotating the bioassay substrate 1 while holding it, the laser beam V is irradiated from the lower side (lower surface lb side) of the bioassay substrate 1 to detect the address pits 9 to identify the position of the level 8. I do. At the same time, the excitation light is irradiated from the lower side (lower surface lb side) of the bioassay substrate 1, and the fluorescence generated in response to the excitation light is also detected from the lower surface lb side. Then, it detects which power is generated and whether or not fluorescence is generated.
- a map indicating the position of the well 8 where the fluorescence was generated on the bioassay substrate 1 is created. Then, the base sequence of the sample DNA is analyzed based on the created map and the arrangement map indicating what base sequence of the probe DNA was dropped on each well 8.
- the probe DNA suspended in the solution is applied with an AC electric field in the vertical direction to the surface of the substrate 1 to extend and move in the vertical direction while applying one end to the probe DNA.
- an electric field is applied perpendicularly to the bioassay substrate 1, for example, it is not necessary to generate electrodes by patterning them on the substrate.
- probe DNA can be immobilized.
- a vertical AC electric field is applied to the sample DNA suspended in the solution and the probe DNA having one end fixed to the bottom of the well 8.
- both the sample DNA and the probe DNA extend and move in the same direction, which promotes hybridization.
- the probe DNA can be immobilized using an electrode having a very simple layer structure.
- the external electrode 18 is not limited to the force S shown in the example in which the shape of the external electrode 18 is a probe shape and an AC electric field is applied only to a small number of the wells 8, and the external electrode 18 is not limited to this. Any shape can be used as long as an AC electric field in the vertical direction is applied to the well 8. .
- an AC electric field may be simultaneously applied to all the wells 8 using a disk-shaped electrode having substantially the same size as the main surface of the bioassay substrate 1.
- the transparent electrode layer 4 is provided in the noise-assisting substrate 1, but the transparent electrode layer 4 is not provided, and an electrode similar to the external electrode 18 is brought close from the outside on the lower surface lb side.
- a vertical electric field may be applied to the level 8.
- the DNA analyzer 51 stores the external electrode 18 described above, the disk loading unit 52 that holds and rotates the bioassay substrate 1, and stores various solutions for hybridization.
- a dripping unit 53 for dropping the solution onto the well 8 of the bioassay substrate 1, an excitation light detection unit 54 for detecting excitation light from the bioassay substrate 1, and control for managing and controlling the above units
- a part 55 is provided.
- the disc loading unit 52 is inserted into the center hole 2 of the bioassay substrate 1 to hold the bioassembly substrate 1, and the bioassay substrate 1 is rotated by driving the chucking mechanism 61. It has a spindle motor 62.
- the disk loading unit 52 drives the bioassay substrate 1 in a state where the bioassay substrate 1 is horizontally held such that the upper surface la side faces upward. In the disk loading section 52, by holding the bioassay substrate 1 horizontally, it is possible to avoid the problem that the solution dropped on the well 8 drips.
- the dropping section 53 has a storage section 63 for storing the sample solution S and the fluorescent labeling agent, and a dropping head 64 for dropping the sample solution S and the fluorescent labeling agent in the storage section 63 onto the bioassay substrate 1.
- the dropping head 64 is disposed above the upper surface la of the horizontally loaded bioassay substrate 1. Further, the dropping head 64 controls the relative position with respect to the bioassay substrate 1 in the radial direction based on the position information and the rotation synchronization information read from the address pits of the bioassay substrate 1, and the sample DNA (target nucleotide chain T).
- the sample solution S containing the solution is dropped exactly following the reaction region 8 of the predetermined well 8.
- the number of combinations of the storage section 63 and the dropping head 64 in the storage section 63 is equal to the number of sample solutions used for hybridization.
- a dropping method based on a so-called “ink-jet printing method” is adopted in order to drop the sample solution S accurately at a predetermined position on the substrate 1 for a nanoassay.
- the “ink-jet printing method” is a method in which an ink ejection mechanism used in a so-called ink-jet printer is applied to the dropping head 64, and a sample solution S is jetted from the nozzle head such as an ink-jet printer onto the bioassay substrate 1. is there.
- the excitation light detector 54 has an optical head 70.
- the optical head 70 is disposed below the horizontally loaded bioassay substrate 1, that is, on the lower surface lb side.
- the optical head 70 is movable in the radial direction of the bioassay substrate 1 by, for example, a thread mechanism (not shown).
- the optical head 70 has an objective lens 71, a two-axis actuator 72 movably supporting the objective lens 71, and a light guide mirror 73.
- the objective lens 71 is supported by a biaxial actuator 72 such that the central axis thereof is substantially perpendicular to the surface of the bioassay substrate 1. Therefore, the objective lens 71 can collect the light beam incident from below the bioassay substrate 1 onto the bioassay substrate 1.
- the two-axis actuator 72 movably supports the objective lens 71 in two directions perpendicular to the surface of the bioassay substrate 1 and in the radial direction of the bioassay substrate 1.
- the focal point of the light condensed by the objective lens 71 can be moved in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the bioassay substrate 1 and in a radial direction. Therefore, the optical head 70 can perform the same control as the just focus control and the positioning control in the optical disk system.
- the light guide mirror 73 is arranged at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the optical path X.
- the optical path X is an optical path through which the excitation light P, the fluorescence F, the servo light V, and the reflected light R enter and exit the optical head 70.
- the excitation light P and the servo light V enter the light guide mirror 73 from the optical path X.
- the light guide mirror 73 reflects the excitation light P and the servo light V, refracts them by 90 °, and enters the objective lens 71.
- the excitation light P and the servo light V that are incident on the objective lens 71 are condensed by the objective lens 71 and irradiated on the bioassay substrate 1.
- the light guide mirror 73 receives the reflected light R of the fluorescent light F and the servo light V from the substrate 1 for the bioassay. Incident on the light source.
- the light guide mirror 73 reflects the fluorescent light F and the reflected light R, refracts them by 90 °, and emits them on the optical path X.
- a drive signal for driving the optical head 70 into a sled and a drive signal for driving the two-axis actuator 72 are provided from the control unit 55.
- the excitation light detection unit 54 is formed into a parallel light beam by an excitation light source 74 that emits the excitation light P, a collimator lens 75 that converts the excitation light P emitted from the excitation light source 74 into a parallel light beam, and a collimator lens 75. And a first dichroic mirror 76 for refracting the excitation light P on the optical path X and irradiating the light guide mirror 73 with the light.
- the excitation light source 74 is a light emitting means having a laser light source having a wavelength capable of exciting the fluorescent labeling agent.
- the excitation light P emitted from the excitation light source 74 is, here, a laser light having a wavelength of 405 nm.
- the wavelength of the excitation light P may be any wavelength as long as it can excite the fluorescent labeling agent.
- the collimator lens 75 converts the excitation light P emitted from the excitation light source 74 into a parallel light flux.
- the first dichroic mirror 76 is a reflecting mirror having wavelength selectivity, and reflects only the light having the wavelength of the excitation light P, and emits the light having the wavelength of the fluorescent light F and the servo light V (the reflected light R). To Penetrate.
- the first dichroic mirror 76 is inserted on the optical path X at an angle of 45 °, reflects the excitation light P emitted from the collimator lens 75, refracts it by 90 °, and excites it to the light guide mirror 73. Light P is being irradiated.
- the excitation light detection unit 54 also includes an avalanche photodiode 77 for detecting the fluorescent light F, a condenser lens 78 for collecting the fluorescent light F, and a fluorescent light F emitted from the optical head 70 onto the optical path X. And a second dichroic mirror 79 for irradiating the avalanche photodiode 77 with the light.
- the Avalanche photodiode 77 is an extremely sensitive photodetector, and is capable of detecting the fluorescent light F with a weak light amount.
- the wavelength of the fluorescence F detected by the avalanche photodiode 77 is about 470 nm here.
- the wavelength of the fluorescence F varies depending on the type of the fluorescent labeling agent.
- the condenser lens 78 is a lens for condensing the fluorescent light F on the avalanche photodiode 77.
- the second dichroic mirror 79 has an angle of 45 ° on the optical path X, and is disposed downstream of the first dichroic mirror 76 when viewed from the light guide mirror 73 side.
- the second dichroic mirror 79 Fluorescence F, servo light V and reflected light R enter, and no excitation light P enters.
- the second dichroic mirror 79 is a reflecting mirror having wavelength selectivity, reflects only light having a wavelength of fluorescence F, and transmits light having a wavelength of servo light (reflected light R).
- the second dichroic mirror 79 reflects the fluorescent light F emitted from the light guide mirror 73 of the optical head 70, refracts it by 90 °, and irradiates the fluorescent light F to the avalanche photodiode 77 via the condenser lens 78. .
- the avalanche photodiode 77 generates an electric signal corresponding to the amount of the fluorescent light F thus detected, and supplies the electric signal to the control unit 55.
- the excitation light detector 54 also detects a servo light source 80 that emits the servo light V, a collimator lens 81 that converts the servo light V output from the servo light V into a parallel light beam, and a reflected light R of the servo light V. It has a photodetector circuit 82, a cylindrical lens 83 that generates astigmatism to collect the reflected light R on the photodetector circuit 82, and an optical separator 84 that separates the servo light V from the reflected light. Te, ru.
- the servo light source 80 is a light emitting unit having a laser light source that emits a laser beam having a wavelength of, for example, 780 nm.
- the wavelength of the servo light V is such that address pits can be detected, and may be any wavelength other than 780 nm as long as it is different from the wavelengths of the excitation light P and the fluorescence F.
- the collimator lens 81 converts the servo light V emitted from the servo light source 80 into a parallel light flux.
- the servo light V converted into a parallel light flux enters the optical separator 84.
- the photodetector circuit 82 has a detector that detects the reflected light R, and a signal generation circuit that generates a focus error signal, a positioning error signal, and a reproduction signal of an address pit from the detected reflected light scale. Since the reflected light R is light generated by reflecting the servo light V on the bioassay substrate 1, its wavelength is 780 nm, which is the same as the servo light.
- the focus error signal is an error signal indicating the amount of displacement between the focus position of the light condensed by the objective lens 71 and the substrate layer 3 of the bioassay substrate 1.
- the positioning error signal is a signal indicating the amount of positional deviation between the position of the predetermined gap 8 and the focal position in the disk radial direction.
- the irradiation position of the servo light V in the disk radial direction can be set to an arbitrary level. Will be matched.
- the reproduction signal of the address pit is a signal indicating information content described in the address pit recorded on the bioassay substrate 1. By reading this information content, it is possible to identify the well 8 currently irradiating the servo light V.
- the photodetector circuit 82 supplies the control unit 55 with a focus error signal, a positioning error signal, and a reproduction signal of an address pit generated based on the reflected light R.
- the cylindrical lens 83 is a lens for condensing the reflected light R on the photodetector circuit 82 and causing astigmatism. By causing astigmatism in this way, the focus error signal can be generated by the photodetector circuit 82.
- the optical separator 84 includes a light separating surface 84a formed of a deflection beam splitter and a quarter-wave plate 84b.
- the light incident from the opposite side of the quarter-wave plate 84b is transmitted through the light separation surface 84a, and when the reflected light of the transmitted light is incident from the 1Z4 wavelength plate 84, the light is separated.
- the surface 84a has a function of reflecting light.
- the light separator 84 has a light separating surface 84a inserted at an angle of 45 ° on the optical path X, and is disposed downstream of the second dichroic mirror 79 when viewed from the light guide mirror 73 side.
- the optical separator 84 transmits the servo light V emitted from the collimator lens 81 and makes the servo light V incident on the light guide mirror 73 in the optical head 70.
- the reflected light R emitted from the mirror 73 is refracted by 90 ° by being reflected, and irradiates the reflected light R to the photodetector circuit 82 via the cylindrical lens 83.
- the control unit 55 performs various servo controls based on the focus error signal, the positioning error signal, and the reproduction signal of the address pit detected by the excitation light detection unit 54.
- the control unit 55 drives the two-axis actuator 72 in the optical head 70 based on the focus error signal to control the distance between the objective lens 71 and the bioassay substrate 1, and sets the focus error signal to 0.
- Servo control is performed as follows. Further, the control / servo unit 55 controls the movement of the objective lens 71 in the radial direction of the bioassay substrate 1 by driving the two-axis actuator 72 in the optical head 70 based on the positioning error signal, and the focus error signal is 0.
- Servo control is performed as follows. Further, the control unit 55 controls the sled movement of the optical head 70 based on the reproduction signal of the address pit, and moves the optical head 70 to a predetermined radius. And move the objective lens 71 to the target well position.
- control unit 55 controls the AC power generation unit 31 and controls the supply of electric power at the time of the no and the hybridization.
- the DNA analyzer 51 having the above configuration performs the following operation.
- the DNA analyzer 51 drops the solution containing the sample DNA onto the well 8 while rotating the bioassay substrate 1, and causes the probe DNA and the sample DNA to react with each other (hybridization). At the time of hybridization, the electric field control described above is also performed. Further, a buffer solution containing a fluorescent labeling agent is dropped onto the bioassay substrate 1 that has been subjected to the hybridization treatment.
- the DNA analyzer 51 rotates the bioassay substrate 1 after the fluorescent labeling agent is dropped, and makes the excitation light P incident from the lower surface lb side of the bioassay substrate 1 so that the fluorescent label The agent is irradiated, and fluorescence F generated from the fluorescent labeling agent in response to the excitation light P is detected from below the bioassay substrate 1.
- the DNA analyzer 51 irradiates the bioassay substrate 1 with the excitation light P and the servo light V via the same objective lens 71. Therefore, the DNA analyzer 51 can specify the irradiation position of the excitation light P, that is, the emission position of the fluorescent light F by performing focus control, positioning control, and address control using the servo light V.
- the probe DNA bound to the sample DNA can be identified from the position of the fluorescence emission.
- a parallel electric field is formed in the reaction region by bringing the electrode close to a reaction region in which a biochemical reaction is performed and a substrate having an electrode formed in the reaction region. Therefore, for example, when performing hybridization of nucleotide chains, an alternating electric field is applied to the wells to extend the nucleotide chains floating in the wells to promote the progress of the hybridization. be able to.
- the biochemical reaction substrate according to the present invention includes an electrode that generates an electric field between the substrate and an external electrode so that an electric field is formed in the reaction region. Therefore, in this biochemical reaction substrate, a parallel electric field can be formed in the reaction region by bringing the electrode close to the reaction region. Therefore, for example, in the case of performing hybridization of nucleotide chains, an alternating electric field is applied to the wells to extend the nucleotide chains floating in the wells to promote the progress of the hybridization. be able to.
- one end is connected to the surface of a flat substrate while a nucleotide chain for a probe is extended and moved in a vertical direction by applying an alternating electric field perpendicular to the surface. Therefore, in this substrate manufacturing method, an electric field is applied vertically to the flat substrate, so that the probe nucleotide chain can be fixed to the substrate at a high speed by using an electrode having a very simple configuration.
- one end of the probe is connected to the surface of the flat substrate to fix the nucleotide chain for the probe in the well, and the alternating current in the vertical direction is applied to the surface of the flat substrate.
- An electric field is applied to vertically extend and move the nucleotide chains in the well. Therefore, in this hybridization method, an electric field is applied vertically to the flat substrate, so that the hybridization can be performed at a high speed using electrodes having a very simple configuration.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04747013A EP1643250B1 (en) | 2003-07-07 | 2004-07-05 | Biochemical reaction system, biochemical reaction substrate, process for producing hybridization substrate and hybridization method |
US10/563,373 US20060166216A1 (en) | 2003-07-07 | 2004-07-05 | Biochemical reaction system, biochemical reaction substrate, process for producing hybridization substrate and hybridization method |
CN2004800193263A CN1816744B (zh) | 2003-07-07 | 2004-07-05 | 生化反应装置及基板,杂交用基板的制造方法及杂交方法 |
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JP2003193064A JP4285119B2 (ja) | 2003-07-07 | 2003-07-07 | 生化学反応装置、生化学反応用基板、ハイブリダイゼーション用基板の製造方法及びハイブリダイゼーション方法 |
JP2003-193064 | 2003-07-07 |
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WO2005003770A1 true WO2005003770A1 (ja) | 2005-01-13 |
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PCT/JP2004/009544 WO2005003770A1 (ja) | 2003-07-07 | 2004-07-05 | 生化学反応装置、生化学反応用基板、ハイブリダイゼーション用基板の製造方法及びハイブリダイゼーション方法 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20060166216A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1643250B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4285119B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1816744B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005003770A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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---|---|---|---|---|
EP1724018A3 (en) * | 2005-05-19 | 2008-07-09 | Sony Corporation | Substrate and device for bioassay and method for making the substrate |
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GB0804491D0 (en) * | 2008-03-11 | 2008-04-16 | Iti Scotland Ltd | Detecting analytes |
US10060850B2 (en) | 2015-04-03 | 2018-08-28 | Captl Llc | Particle detection using reflective surface |
US10613096B2 (en) | 2015-08-28 | 2020-04-07 | Captl Llc | Multi-spectral microparticle-fluorescence photon cytometry |
US10815521B1 (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2020-10-27 | Ravi Saraf | Electrochemical microarray chip and applications thereof |
WO2018191497A2 (en) | 2017-04-13 | 2018-10-18 | Captl Llc | Photon counting and spectroscopy |
CN107118960B (zh) | 2017-05-15 | 2019-10-01 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种基因测序芯片、基因测序系统及其测序方法 |
CN109060640B (zh) * | 2018-08-08 | 2021-04-06 | 上海汇中细胞生物科技有限公司 | 用于检测b淋巴细胞的cd系列细胞检测玻片 |
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- 2004-07-05 EP EP04747013A patent/EP1643250B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-07-05 WO PCT/JP2004/009544 patent/WO2005003770A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-07-05 CN CN2004800193263A patent/CN1816744B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4285119B2 (ja) | 2009-06-24 |
US20060166216A1 (en) | 2006-07-27 |
JP2005030783A (ja) | 2005-02-03 |
CN1816744B (zh) | 2010-05-26 |
EP1643250A4 (en) | 2008-11-05 |
EP1643250A1 (en) | 2006-04-05 |
CN1816744A (zh) | 2006-08-09 |
EP1643250B1 (en) | 2012-02-22 |
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