WO2004087992A2 - Procede de formation d'un revetement d'oxydes metalliques sur un substrat electroconducteur, cathode activee en resultant et son utilisation pour l'electrolyse de solutions aqueuses de chlorures de metaux alcalins. - Google Patents
Procede de formation d'un revetement d'oxydes metalliques sur un substrat electroconducteur, cathode activee en resultant et son utilisation pour l'electrolyse de solutions aqueuses de chlorures de metaux alcalins. Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004087992A2 WO2004087992A2 PCT/FR2004/000746 FR2004000746W WO2004087992A2 WO 2004087992 A2 WO2004087992 A2 WO 2004087992A2 FR 2004000746 W FR2004000746 W FR 2004000746W WO 2004087992 A2 WO2004087992 A2 WO 2004087992A2
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- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/04—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
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- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/08—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of metallic material
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- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
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- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/1204—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material inorganic material, e.g. non-oxide and non-metallic such as sulfides, nitrides based compounds
- C23C18/1208—Oxides, e.g. ceramics
- C23C18/1216—Metal oxides
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- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/1225—Deposition of multilayers of inorganic material
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- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/1229—Composition of the substrate
- C23C18/1241—Metallic substrates
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/125—Process of deposition of the inorganic material
- C23C18/1275—Process of deposition of the inorganic material performed under inert atmosphere
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- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/12—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of inorganic material other than metallic material
- C23C18/125—Process of deposition of the inorganic material
- C23C18/1279—Process of deposition of the inorganic material performed under reactive atmosphere, e.g. oxidising or reducing atmospheres
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- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/14—Alkali metal compounds
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- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
- C25B11/091—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
- C25B11/093—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds at least one noble metal or noble metal oxide and at least one non-noble metal oxide
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for forming a coating of metal oxides comprising at least one precious metal of group VIII of the periodic table of elements possibly associated with titanium and / or zirconium, on an electroconductive substrate.
- the invention also relates to an activated cathode obtained from the electroconductive substrate coated according to the method of the invention.
- the invention also relates to the use of said activated cathode, in particular for the electrolysis of aqueous solutions of alkali metal chlorides and particularly for the preparation of chlorine and sodium hydroxide as well as for the preparation of sodium chlorate.
- chlorine and sodium hydroxide as well as sodium chlorate
- electrolytic cells each of which comprises a plurality of steel cathodes and a plurality of titanium anodes coated with a mixture of titanium oxides. and ruthenium.
- electrolytic solution consisting of about 200 to 300 g / l of sodium chloride.
- sodium chlorate they generally contain 50 to 250 g / l of sodium chloride.
- overvoltage is meant the difference between the thermodynamic potential of the redox couple concerned (H2O / H2) with respect to a reference cathode and the potential actually measured in the medium concerned, with respect to the same reference electrode.
- overvoltage we use the term overvoltage to designate the absolute value of the cathode overvoltage.
- a cathode whose substrate is a plate of titanium, zirconium, niobium or alloy consisting essentially of a combination of these metals and on which is applied a layer of metal oxide, essentially consisting of an oxide of one or a plurality of metals selected from ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium and platinum and optionally an oxide of one or more metals selected from calcium, magnesium, strontium, barium, zinc, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, selenium and tellurium.
- US Pat. No. 4,100,049 describes a cathode comprising a substrate of iron, nickel, cobalt or an alloy of these metals and a coating of palladium oxide and zirconium oxide.
- the intermediate and superficial layers can be constituted by the oxide of the only metal concerned or by a mixed oxide of the metal in question and the second metal in a small proportion.
- an activated cathode constituted by an electroconductive substrate, either titanium or nickel, coated with an intermediate layer of titanium-based oxides and a precious metal of the group VIII of the Periodic Table of Elements and an outer layer of metal oxides comprising titanium, zirconium and a precious metal of group VIII of the Periodic Table of Elements; said coating being obtained by thermal decomposition of a solution of chloride or oxychloride of these metals in ethanol or isopropanol.
- the Applicant has found that by judiciously choosing organometallic compounds and their solvents, it obtained coatings of the aforementioned metal oxides having a very good adhesion to substrates made of steel or iron.
- the subject of the invention is therefore a process for forming a coating of metal oxides comprising at least one precious metal of group VIII of the periodic table of elements possibly associated with titanium and / or zirconium, on an electroconductive substrate, said method consisting in applying to said substrate a solution comprising at least one organometallic compound and then converting said (or said) organometallic compound (s) into metal oxide (s) by means of a heat treatment; said method being characterized in that the electroconductive substrate is of steel or iron and in that the only solution applied to said substrate is a non-aqueous solution of metallic acetylacetonate or a mixture of dissolved metal acetylacetonates ( ) in a solvent (s) specifically solubilizing each metal acetylacetonate, the solvent (s)
- precious metal of Group VIII of the Periodic Table of Elements is currently ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium or platinum.
- ruthenium or iridium and especially ruthenium will be used.
- alcohols which can be used according to the present invention, mention may be made of ethanol and isopropanol.
- ketones used according to the present invention include acetone, methyl ethyl ketone.
- chloromethanes that may be used according to the present invention, mention may be made of methylene chloride or chloroform.
- the solution which is applied to the electroconductive substrate is a solution of an acetylacetonate of a metal selected from the group: Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt, Ti and Zr or a mixture of acetylacetonates of two or more of the metals included in this group.
- a metal selected from the group: Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt, Ti and Zr or a mixture of acetylacetonates of two or more of the metals included in this group.
- said solution contains only a metal acetylacetonate, it can be obtained by dissolving this metal acetylacetonate in its specific solvent, or in a solvent mixture containing the specific solvent.
- the solution can be advantageously carried out with stirring, at room temperature, or at a slightly higher temperature to improve the dissolution of metal acetylacetonates.
- concentrated solutions of metal acetylacetonates will preferably be used and, to prepare said solutions, it is for the person skilled in the art to take into account the solubility of the various metal acetylacetonates in the solvents (or mixture of solvents). usable according to the present invention.
- an ethanolic solution of ruthenium acetylacetonate (0.25 mole / liter) will be used, and an acetone solution of titanyl acetylacetonate (CsH7O2) 2 TiO 3 at 0, 8 mole / liter.
- a preferred method of forming a metal oxide coating according to the present invention is, in a first step, to pretreat the steel or iron substrate to impart roughness characteristics to the surface and then, in a second step depositing on said pretreated substrate the solution containing the metal acetylacetonate (s) prepared as indicated above; then to dry and calcine the substrate thus coated.
- This second step - impregnation / drying / calcination - can be advantageously repeated one or more times to obtain the coating.
- this second step is repeated until a desired metal mass is obtained.
- this step is repeated between 2 and 6 times.
- the pretreatment generally consists of subjecting the substrate to sandblasting, followed optionally by acid washing, or to etching with an aqueous solution of oxalic acid, hydrofluoric acid, a mixture of hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid, a mixture of hydrofluoric acid and glycerol, a mixture of hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and glycerol or a mixture of hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide, followed by one or more washing (s) with degassed demineralised water.
- the substrate may be in the form of a solid plate, perforated plate, expanded metal or cathode basket made from the expanded or perforated metal.
- the solution can be deposited on the pretreated substrate using various techniques such as sol-gel, spraying or coating.
- the pretreated substrate is coated with the solution, for example with the aid of a brush.
- the substrate thus coated is then dried in air and / or in an oven at a temperature at most equal to
- the substrate is calcined under air or under inert gas enriched with oxygen at a temperature of at least 300 ° C and preferably between 400 ° C and 600 ° C for a period of 10 minutes to 2 hours.
- This method of operation makes it possible to convert the acetylacetonate (s) metal (s) into a coating of metal oxide (s) uniform and adherent on the substrate steel or iron.
- the solution can be deposited on one of the pretreated substrate faces as well as on both sides.
- the weight of precious metal deposited, expressed in g / m 2 relative to the geometrical surface of the substrate is at least equal to 2 g / m 2 , generally between 2 and 20 g / m 2 and preferably between 5 and 10 g / m 2 .
- the subject of the invention is also an so-called activated cathode obtained from an electroconductive substrate coated according to the invention.
- the cathode of the present invention is particularly suitable for the electrolysis of aqueous solutions of alkali metal chlorides and especially aqueous solutions of NaCl.
- the use of the cathode of the present invention in combination with an anode makes it possible to electrolytically synthesize the chlorine and hydroxide of an alkali metal.
- the use of the cathode of the present invention in combination with an anode makes it possible to electrolytically synthesize the chlorate of an alkali metal.
- DSA Dissionally Stable Anode
- anodes consist of a titanium substrate coated with a layer of titanium oxide and ruthenium.
- the ruthenium / titanium molar ratio in this layer is advantageously between 0.4 and 2.4.
- the cathode of the present invention has the advantage of having a low overvoltage and of being a cheap substrate.
- the coating solution is prepared by dissolving 0.653 g of ruthenium acetylacetonate, 0.329 g of titanyl acetylacetonate and 0.178 g of zirconium acetylacetonate in 10 ml of ethanol + 10 ml of acetone + 10 ml. chloroform to obtain a molar distribution 45 Ru / 45 Ti / 10 Zr.
- the support consists of a solid iron plate (3.5 x 2.5 cm) on which is welded a steel rod; the total surface is 33 cm 2 .
- the substrate is sandblasted with Corundum and then rinsed with acetone.
- the support is then completely coated with the solution, placed in an oven at 120 ° C. for 15 minutes and then in an oven at 450 ° C. for 15 minutes. This gives a coating of 2.4 g / m 2 .
- This procedure is repeated 3 times (4 layers in total) so as to obtain a coating having a mass of 7.9 g / m 2 , ie an equivalent weight of 3.3 g (Ru) / m 2 .
- the last heat treatment of the support is 30 minutes at 450 ° C.
- the steel rod Prior to the electrochemical evaluation, the steel rod is masked with Teflon tape to delineate a well-defined surface.
- the coated support is then placed in an electrochemical cell containing 200 ml of 1 M sodium hydroxide at room temperature and will be tested cathode.
- a counter electrode consisting of a titanium anode coated with RuO 2 -TiO 2 and a saturated Calomel reference electrode (ECS) extended with a capillary containing a saturated solution of KCl is used.
- the electrodes are connected to the terminals of a potentiostat (Solartron).
- the activity of the cathode is measured from the polarization curves (from the drop potential up to -1, 3 or -1.4 V / ECS at a rate of I mV / s).
- An activation step is then carried out by applying a current of an intensity equal to 2 amperes to the cathode for 1 hour, and a new polarization curve is then drawn to evaluate the changes in the electrochemical performances of the cathode. This activation step is repeated until a stable polarization curve is obtained, that is to say identical to the curve preceding the last activation (generally 3 or 4 times).
- Table (1) below shows the evolution of the cathode potential for a current density of 1, 6 kA / m 2 as a function of the number of activation steps.
- the voltage gain is the difference between the potential of the activated cathode and the potential of the bare iron cathode for the same current density (here 1, 6 kA / m 2 ).
- the solution is prepared by dissolving 0.500 g of ruthenium acetylacetonate and 0.329 g of titanyl acetylacetonate in 10 ml of ethanol + 10 ml of acetone so as to obtain an equimolar Ru / Ti solution.
- the support consists of a solid iron plate (3.5 x 2.5 cm) on which is welded a steel rod; the total surface is 33 cm 2 .
- the support is sandblasted with Corundum and then rinsed with acetone.
- the support is then completely coated with the solution, placed in an oven at 120 ° C. for 15 minutes and then in an oven at 450 ° C. for 15 minutes. This gives a coating of 2.2 g / m 2 .
- This procedure is repeated 3 times (4 layers in total) so as to obtain a coating having a mass of 9.8 g / m 2 , ie an equivalent mass of 4.6 g (Ru) / m 2 .
- the last heat treatment is 30 minutes at 450 ° C.
- the solution is prepared by dissolving 0.500 g of ruthenium acetylacetonate in 10 ml of ethanol + 10 ml of acetone.
- the support consists of a solid iron plate (3.5 x 2.5 cm) on which is welded a steel rod; the total surface is 33 cm 2 .
- the substrate is sandblasted with Corundum and then rinsed with acetone.
- the support is then completely coated with the solution, placed in an oven at 120 ° C. for 15 minutes and then in an oven at 450 ° C. for 15 minutes. This gives a coating of 1.9 g / m 2 .
- This procedure is repeated twice (3 layers in total) so as to obtain a coating having a mass of 3.8 g / m 2 , ie an equivalent mass of 2.9 g (Ru) / m 2 .
- the last heat treatment is timed at 450 ° C.
- the solution is prepared by dissolving 0.500 g of ruthenium acetylacetonate in 10 ml of ethanol.
- the support consists of a solid steel plate (3.5 x 2.5 cm) on which - is welded a steel rod; the total surface is 33 cm 2 .
- the substrate is sandblasted with Corundum and then rinsed with acetone.
- the support is then completely coated with the solution, placed in an oven at 120 ° C. for 15 minutes and then in an oven at 450 ° C. for 15 minutes. This gives a coating of 2.1 g / m 2 . This procedure is repeated 3 times (4 layers in total) so as to obtain a coating having a mass of 7.6 g / 2 , ie an equivalent mass of 5.8 g (Ru) / m 2 .
- the last heat treatment is 30 minutes at 450 ° C.
- Cathode for chlorine-soda electrolysis pilot diaphragm An activated cathode of 72 cm 2 was prepared for a laboratory pilot of electrolysis chlorine-soda diaphragm.
- the substrate consists of a steel mesh, used on industrial cells.
- the desired coating is of equimolar composition in Ru and Ti, it is prepared according to the procedure described in Example 2, it is deposited on both sides of the support material.
- the coating weight is 13.7 g / m 2 , ie 6.5 g (Ru) / m 2 , deposited in 4 layers. No electrochemical characterization is made on this cathode before its mounting on the pilot cell because of its size.
- the activated cathode is mounted in an electrolysis cell pilot diaphragm chlor-soda ® Polyramix using a diaphragm and operating continuously 24h / 24h, 7days / 7.
- a racking and feeding game keeps the concentration of the different products in the electrolysis cell constant.
- the operating conditions are as follows: 2.5 kA / m 2 , 85 ° C., sodium hydroxide concentration in the cathode liquor between 120 g / l and 140 g / l, expanded titanium anode coated Ru0 2 -TiO ⁇ .
- An uncoated iron cathode from the same industrial support is installed in an equivalent cell, operating with the same operating conditions.
- Graph (1) shows the evolution of the potential of these two cathodes over 120 days of operation. In this graph: ⁇ denotes activated cathode and denotes bare steel cathode.
- the gain in voltage, obtained by difference of the two potentials, is of the order of 180 mV over the period 20 days - 120 days of operation.
- EXAMPLE 6 Use of an Activated Cathode for Sodium Chlorate Electrolysis
- a 200 cm 2 (5 cm ⁇ 40 cm) activated cathode is prepared for a sodium chlorate electrolysis pilot.
- An iron support is coated on these two faces with an equimolar deposit of Ru and Ti according to the procedure described in Example 2, except that the final heat treatment is 1 hour at 450 ° C.
- the deposit mass is 10.3 g / m 2 , 4.9 g (Ru) / m 2 .
- This cathode is then placed in a pilot cell of sodium chlorate electrolysis.
- the anode consists of an expanded titanium support coated RuO2-TiO 2 .
- a racking and feeding game keeps the concentration of the different products in the electrolysis cell constant.
- a substrate consisting of a solid nickel plate and a substrate consisting of a solid iron plate are coated with an equimolar RuO 2 -TiO 2 deposit according to the procedure described in Example 2 by repeating the cycle "coating / drying / calcination "until a deposit of 9 - 10 g / m 2 is obtained, ie 4.3 to 4.7 g (Ru) / m 2 .
- the last heat treatment is 30 minutes at 450 ° C. 3 layers are necessary for the iron support, 6 layers for the nickel support: the deposit is less adherent on nickel than on iron; these cathodes are then evaluated electrochemically according to the procedure described in Example 1.
- Graph (2) shows the polarization curves after stabilization of each of these cathodes.
- An equimolar coating solution Ru / Ti is prepared by dissolving 5.18 g of RuCl 3 , 1.5H 2 O and 3.1 ml of TiOCI 2 , 2HCl (124.5 g (Ti) / l) in 10 ml of absolute ethanol. The solution is stirred to allow the products to dissolve.
- a first support consists of a solid iron plate (3.5 x 2.5 cm) on which is welded a steel rod; the total surface is 33 cm 2 .
- the substrate is sandblasted with Corundum and then rinsed with acetone.
- a second support consists of a solid nickel plate (3.5 x 2.5 cm) on which is welded a nickel rod; the total surface is 33 cm 2 .
- the substrate is sandblasted with Corundum and then rinsed with acetone.
- Each support is then completely coated with the solution, placed in an oven at 120 ° C for 15 minutes, and then in an oven at 450 ° C for 15 minutes.
- the last heat treatment is 30 minutes at 450 ° C.
- Table (5) shows the evolution of the mass of the deposit as a function of the number of cycles "coating / drying / calcination" for each of the two supports.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
- Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (11)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006505751A JP4532471B2 (ja) | 2003-03-28 | 2004-03-25 | 導電性基材上に金属酸化物の被膜を形成する方法と、それによって得られる活性カソードと、アルカリ金属塩化物水溶液の電気分解でのその使用 |
US10/550,646 US7790233B2 (en) | 2003-03-28 | 2004-03-25 | Method for the formation of a coating of metal oxides on an electrically-conductive substrate, resultant activated cathode and use thereof for the electrolysis of aqueous solutions of alkaline metal chlorides |
BRPI0408905-7A BRPI0408905A (pt) | 2003-03-28 | 2004-03-25 | processo de formação de um revestimento de óxidos metálicos sobre um substrato eletrocondutor, catodo ativado que resulta dele e sua utilização para a eletrólise de soluções aquosas de cloretos de metais alcalinos |
PL04742353T PL1608795T3 (pl) | 2003-03-28 | 2004-03-25 | Sposób wytwarzania powłoki z tlenków metali na podłożu elektroprzewodzącym, katoda aktywowana będąca jego rezultatem i jej zastosowanie w elektolizie wodnych roztworów chlorków metali alkaicznych |
CN2004800147636A CN1795291B (zh) | 2003-03-28 | 2004-03-25 | 在导电基材上形成金属氧化物涂层的方法,由此得到的活化阴极及其在碱金属氯化物水溶液电解中的应用 |
MXPA05010353A MXPA05010353A (es) | 2003-03-28 | 2004-03-25 | Procedimiento de formacion de un revestimiento de oxidos metalicos sobre un substrato electroconductor, catodo activado resultante y su utilizacion para la electrolisis de soluciones acuosas de cloruros de metales alcalinos. |
UAA200510604A UA80610C2 (en) | 2003-03-28 | 2004-03-25 | Method for the coating of metal oxides formation on the electroconductive support, activated cathode, which is obtained by this method and its use for electrolysis of water solutions of alkali chlorides |
DE602004001230T DE602004001230T2 (de) | 2003-03-28 | 2004-03-25 | Verfahren zur herstellung einer metalloxidbeschichtung auf einem leitfähigen substrat, aktivierte kathode davon und ihre verwendung zur elektrolyse von wässriger alkalichlorid-lösungen |
EP04742353A EP1608795B1 (fr) | 2003-03-28 | 2004-03-25 | Procede de formation d un revetement d'oxydes metalliques sur un substrat electroconducteur, cathode activee en resultant et son utilisation pour l'electrolyse de solutions aqueuses de chlorures de metaux alcalins. |
KR1020057018365A KR101111369B1 (ko) | 2003-03-28 | 2004-03-25 | 전도성 기판상에 금속 산화물의 코팅을 형성하는 방법,그로 얻어진 활성 음극, 및 알카리 금속 염화물 수용액의전기분해에 사용되는 상기 음극의 용도 |
CA2520584A CA2520584C (fr) | 2003-03-28 | 2004-03-25 | Procede de formation d'un revetement d'oxydes metalliques sur un substrat electroconducteur, cathode activee en resultant et son utilisation pour l'electrolyse de solutions aqueuses de chlorures de metaux alcalins |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0303867A FR2852973B1 (fr) | 2003-03-28 | 2003-03-28 | Procede de formation d'un revetement d'oxydes metalliques sur un substrat electroconducteur; cathode activee en resultant et son utilisation pour l'electrolyse de solutions acqueuses de chorures de meteaux alcalins. |
FR03/03867 | 2003-03-28 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004087992A2 true WO2004087992A2 (fr) | 2004-10-14 |
WO2004087992A3 WO2004087992A3 (fr) | 2005-02-17 |
Family
ID=32947259
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2004/000746 WO2004087992A2 (fr) | 2003-03-28 | 2004-03-25 | Procede de formation d'un revetement d'oxydes metalliques sur un substrat electroconducteur, cathode activee en resultant et son utilisation pour l'electrolyse de solutions aqueuses de chlorures de metaux alcalins. |
Country Status (16)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7790233B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1608795B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP4532471B2 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR101111369B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1795291B (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE330043T1 (fr) |
BR (1) | BRPI0408905A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2520584C (fr) |
DE (1) | DE602004001230T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2270380T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2852973B1 (fr) |
MX (1) | MXPA05010353A (fr) |
PL (1) | PL1608795T3 (fr) |
UA (1) | UA80610C2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2004087992A2 (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA200507825B (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006283143A (ja) * | 2005-03-31 | 2006-10-19 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | 金属酸化物膜の製造方法 |
CN102482337A (zh) * | 2009-05-26 | 2012-05-30 | 新加坡科技研究局 | 吡咯啉-5-羧酸还原酶1的突变蛋白 |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB0714021D0 (en) * | 2007-07-18 | 2007-08-29 | Green Metals Ltd | Improvements in anode materials |
US8022004B2 (en) * | 2008-05-24 | 2011-09-20 | Freeport-Mcmoran Corporation | Multi-coated electrode and method of making |
CN102505127A (zh) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-06-20 | 文广 | 贵金属改性钛阳极材料的制备方法 |
JP6399083B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-12 | 2018-10-03 | Jsr株式会社 | 多層レジストプロセス用組成物および該多層レジストプロセス用組成物を用いたパターン形成方法 |
CN106521433A (zh) * | 2015-09-09 | 2017-03-22 | 宁波江丰电子材料股份有限公司 | 环件结构及其加工方法 |
IT201900020026A1 (it) * | 2019-10-30 | 2021-04-30 | Industrie De Nora Spa | Elettrodo per evoluzione elettrolitica di idrogeno |
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US4100049A (en) * | 1977-07-11 | 1978-07-11 | Diamond Shamrock Corporation | Coated cathode for electrolysis cells |
EP0209427A1 (fr) * | 1985-06-24 | 1987-01-21 | Elf Atochem S.A. | Cathode pour électrolyse et un procédé de fabrication de la dite cathode |
GB2347145A (en) * | 1999-02-25 | 2000-08-30 | Agency Ind Science Techn | Method for producing a metal oxide and forming a minute pattern thereof |
US6527924B1 (en) * | 1999-08-20 | 2003-03-04 | Atofina | Cathode for electrolyzing aqueous solutions |
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US3850668A (en) | 1972-06-05 | 1974-11-26 | Johnson Matthey Co Ltd | Impregnation of graphite with ruthenium compounds |
US4300992A (en) | 1975-05-12 | 1981-11-17 | Hodogaya Chemical Co., Ltd. | Activated cathode |
FR2596776B1 (fr) * | 1986-04-03 | 1988-06-03 | Atochem | Cathode pour electrolyse et un procede de fabrication de ladite cathode |
JPH0766816B2 (ja) * | 1989-01-13 | 1995-07-19 | 東洋インキ製造株式会社 | ガス拡散型複合電極の製造方法 |
EP0848658B1 (fr) * | 1995-08-04 | 2006-10-11 | nGimat Co. | Depot chimique en phase vapeur et formation de poudre par metallisation a chaud avec des solutions fluides quasi surcritiques et surcritiques |
US5864051A (en) * | 1997-11-10 | 1999-01-26 | Uop | Selective oxidation catalyst process for preparing the catalyst and process using the catalyst |
US7258899B1 (en) * | 2001-12-13 | 2007-08-21 | Amt Holdings, Inc. | Process for preparing metal coatings from liquid solutions utilizing cold plasma |
US20040077494A1 (en) * | 2002-10-22 | 2004-04-22 | Labarge William J. | Method for depositing particles onto a catalytic support |
-
2003
- 2003-03-28 FR FR0303867A patent/FR2852973B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-03-25 CA CA2520584A patent/CA2520584C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-03-25 WO PCT/FR2004/000746 patent/WO2004087992A2/fr active Application Filing
- 2004-03-25 JP JP2006505751A patent/JP4532471B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-03-25 EP EP04742353A patent/EP1608795B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-03-25 BR BRPI0408905-7A patent/BRPI0408905A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-03-25 US US10/550,646 patent/US7790233B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-03-25 UA UAA200510604A patent/UA80610C2/uk unknown
- 2004-03-25 ES ES04742353T patent/ES2270380T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-03-25 PL PL04742353T patent/PL1608795T3/pl unknown
- 2004-03-25 CN CN2004800147636A patent/CN1795291B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-03-25 DE DE602004001230T patent/DE602004001230T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-03-25 MX MXPA05010353A patent/MXPA05010353A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2004-03-25 AT AT04742353T patent/ATE330043T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-03-25 KR KR1020057018365A patent/KR101111369B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2005
- 2005-09-27 ZA ZA200507825A patent/ZA200507825B/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
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US4100049A (en) * | 1977-07-11 | 1978-07-11 | Diamond Shamrock Corporation | Coated cathode for electrolysis cells |
EP0209427A1 (fr) * | 1985-06-24 | 1987-01-21 | Elf Atochem S.A. | Cathode pour électrolyse et un procédé de fabrication de la dite cathode |
GB2347145A (en) * | 1999-02-25 | 2000-08-30 | Agency Ind Science Techn | Method for producing a metal oxide and forming a minute pattern thereof |
US6527924B1 (en) * | 1999-08-20 | 2003-03-04 | Atofina | Cathode for electrolyzing aqueous solutions |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2006283143A (ja) * | 2005-03-31 | 2006-10-19 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | 金属酸化物膜の製造方法 |
CN102482337A (zh) * | 2009-05-26 | 2012-05-30 | 新加坡科技研究局 | 吡咯啉-5-羧酸还原酶1的突变蛋白 |
US9862986B2 (en) | 2009-05-26 | 2018-01-09 | Agency For Science, Technology And Research | Muteins of the pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2270380T3 (es) | 2007-04-01 |
DE602004001230T2 (de) | 2007-04-19 |
EP1608795A2 (fr) | 2005-12-28 |
CA2520584A1 (fr) | 2004-10-14 |
EP1608795B1 (fr) | 2006-06-14 |
ZA200507825B (en) | 2007-01-31 |
MXPA05010353A (es) | 2005-12-14 |
DE602004001230D1 (de) | 2006-07-27 |
KR20050114265A (ko) | 2005-12-05 |
ATE330043T1 (de) | 2006-07-15 |
JP2006521469A (ja) | 2006-09-21 |
CN1795291B (zh) | 2011-08-31 |
US20060263614A1 (en) | 2006-11-23 |
CA2520584C (fr) | 2011-08-23 |
PL1608795T3 (pl) | 2006-11-30 |
KR101111369B1 (ko) | 2012-04-09 |
FR2852973A1 (fr) | 2004-10-01 |
JP4532471B2 (ja) | 2010-08-25 |
FR2852973B1 (fr) | 2006-05-26 |
WO2004087992A3 (fr) | 2005-02-17 |
CN1795291A (zh) | 2006-06-28 |
BRPI0408905A (pt) | 2006-03-28 |
UA80610C2 (en) | 2007-10-10 |
US7790233B2 (en) | 2010-09-07 |
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