WO2004012964A1 - 乗物用電源装置およびこの電源装置を備えた乗物 - Google Patents
乗物用電源装置およびこの電源装置を備えた乗物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004012964A1 WO2004012964A1 PCT/JP2003/009772 JP0309772W WO2004012964A1 WO 2004012964 A1 WO2004012964 A1 WO 2004012964A1 JP 0309772 W JP0309772 W JP 0309772W WO 2004012964 A1 WO2004012964 A1 WO 2004012964A1
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- Prior art keywords
- power supply
- circuit
- thermal battery
- voltage
- ignition
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M16/00—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/30—Deferred-action cells
- H01M6/36—Deferred-action cells containing electrolyte and made operational by physical means, e.g. thermal cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/50—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance, e.g. for maintaining operating temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
- H02J7/1423—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle with multiple batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/30—The power source being a fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
- H02J2310/46—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for ICE-powered road vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02B90/10—Applications of fuel cells in buildings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power supply device and a vehicle such as a vehicle including the power supply device and an electronic control system such as a brake-by-wire system.
- the wheels are braked by driving the actuator based on a dynamic signal, and as the driving of the actuator, a brake pad is directly attached to a disk for each wheel using a motor or the like.
- a method has been conceived in which the wheel braking force is obtained by pressing the wheel and the wheel cylinder pressure is generated by a pump to generate wheel cylinder pressure.
- the present invention is a vehicle power supply device provided with a main power supply and a backup power supply, wherein a thermal battery is provided as a backup power supply.
- the main power supply preferably includes a generator and a main storage battery.
- the present invention includes an electronic control system and the vehicle power supply device of the present invention, and is configured such that electric power for operating the electronic control system is supplied from the vehicle power supply device to the electronic control system. It is a vehicle characterized by being carried out. By using a thermal battery as a backup power supply in this way, charging of the backup power supply becomes unnecessary, and long-term reliability of the backup power supply is also ensured. Further, the present invention is particularly suitable for the case where an electronic control system is used which drives a vehicle related to the operation of a vehicle based on an electric signal and performs acceleration / deceleration of the vehicle, adjustment of a moving direction, and the like. A highly reliable vehicle is realized.
- the configuration of the power supply device of the present invention preferably has the following configuration according to each of the following problems.
- a preferred configuration is shown below.
- a better power supply device can be configured by appropriately combining the configurations, and a better vehicle can be realized by using such a power supply device.
- thermal battery Since a thermal battery is a battery that can supply power when activated, it is necessary to ensure that the thermal battery can be activated in an emergency when a standby power supply is required.
- a first one having such a configuration is characterized by including the above-mentioned thermal battery.
- a first switch means for performing a switch operation by detecting a voltage of a main power supply, and when the first switch means operates, the first power supply is electrically connected to the main power supply, and the thermal battery
- Second switch means for switching the connection state with the device is provided.
- a second device having such a configuration is a power supply device according to the present invention, characterized in that the power supply device includes the thermal battery, and a first switch means for performing a switch operation by detecting a voltage of a main power supply.
- a constant current circuit for receiving a power supply from a main power supply by a switch operation of the switch and supplying a constant current to the thermal battery; and an energy for supplying a backup power supply to the constant current circuit when the power supply from the main power supply is interrupted.
- a third configuration having such a configuration is a power supply device according to the present invention, including the above-described thermal battery, wherein a backup power supply connected to a main power supply via a power supply line; A thermal battery ignition circuit for activating the thermal battery by the power from the backup power source; and boosting the voltage of the main power source to supply the boosted power source to the backup power source side and decreasing the voltage of the backup power source side.
- a voltage conversion circuit connected to the power supply line for selectively supplying power to the main power supply, and a voltage conversion circuit connected to the power supply line between the main power supply and the voltage conversion circuit;
- a thermal battery ignition control circuit that activates the thermal battery by controlling the thermal battery ignition circuit in response to a voltage drop of the main power source during the operation; and the main power source and the voltage conversion.
- circuit A diagnostic circuit that is connected to the power supply line between the main power supply and the voltage conversion circuit, the diagnostic circuit being operated by power from the power supply line to perform diagnosis for activating the thermal battery; A point, and the connection point A disconnection detection circuit that detects a disconnection of the power supply line between the main power supply and the main power supply; and a control unit that is controlled by the disconnection detection circuit, wherein the disconnection of the power supply line is not detected.
- the voltage on the power supply side is stepped up and supplied to the backup power supply side, and in a state where the disconnection of the power supply line is detected, the voltage conversion circuit steps down the voltage on the backup power supply side and supplies it to the main power supply side
- a step-up / step-down control circuit for causing the diagnostic circuit to stop operating in response to the detection of the disconnection of the power supply line by the disconnection detection circuit.
- the voltage conversion circuit boosts the voltage from the main power supply under the control of the buck-boost control circuit to charge the backup power supply. Can be accumulated.
- the main power supply supplies power to the thermal battery ignition control circuit and the diagnostic circuit, and they operate.
- the disconnection of the power supply line is detected by the disconnection detection circuit.
- the step-up / step-down control circuit controls the voltage conversion circuit to step down the voltage on the backup power supply and supply it to the main power supply.
- the thermal battery ignition control circuit is compensated for proper operation, and the operation stop control circuit controls the diagnostic circuit to stop the diagnostic operation of the diagnostic circuit, and the backup power supply Eliminate power consumption.
- the proper operation of the thermal battery ignition circuit can be compensated for using only one backup power supply, and the power consumption of the backup power supply is also reduced. Therefore, the operation of various control circuits using the backup power supply as a power supply can be secured for a longer time.
- a fourth device having such a configuration is the power supply device according to the third configuration, wherein the diagnostic circuit is a resistance circuit, and the operation stop control circuit is a cutoff circuit.
- the resistance circuit is connected so that power is supplied from the backup power supply, and both ends of the portion for activating the thermal battery for diagnosing the portion for activating the thermal battery.
- the back-up power supply is charged by the main power supply as in the case of the first invention. They accumulate and the main power supply supplies power to the thermal battery ignition control circuit, which operates.
- the resistor circuit is connected to a backup power supply.
- the thermal battery ignition control circuit compensates for proper operation using the backup power supply as a power supply.
- the cutoff circuit cuts off the supply of power from the backup power supply to the resistance circuit in response to a signal from the disconnection detection circuit that detects a break in the power supply line.
- the proper operation of the thermal battery ignition circuit can be compensated for with only one backup power supply, and the power consumption of the backup power supply is suppressed.
- the operation of various control circuits using the backup power supply as a power supply can be secured for a longer time. Either configuration can improve the reliability of the thermal battery ignition ball ignition device.
- a power supply device characterized in that the thermal battery is provided with: a main power supply abnormality detecting means for detecting abnormality of a main power supply; Power supply means for supplying start-up power to the power supply, and an auxiliary power supply means different from the battery provided in the main power supply, and an abnormality of the main power supply is detected by the main power supply abnormality detection means.
- a main power supply abnormality detecting means for detecting abnormality of a main power supply
- Power supply means for supplying start-up power to the power supply
- an auxiliary power supply means different from the battery provided in the main power supply and an abnormality of the main power supply is detected by the main power supply abnormality detection means.
- Control means for controlling the auxiliary power supply means to supply start-up power to the thermal battery.
- the thermal battery can be independently activated by the auxiliary power source without relying on the residual power of the battery. It is possible to start, and it becomes the configuration that can start the thermal battery surely in case of emergency.
- the power supply unit has a suitable configuration that can secure the power for starting independently of the battery, and operates stably by an independent power supply system even in an emergency.
- the auxiliary power supply unit has a configuration including a generator that generates electric power based on driving energy by a driving mechanism in the vehicle, and the control unit converts the electric power obtained by the generator into electric power for starting the thermal battery. It can also be controlled to use as
- a generator driven by an engine, a motor capable of driving wheels, and a battery (hereinafter also referred to as a main battery) configured to supply power to the motor are mounted.
- the hybrid vehicle is configured to be capable of regenerative braking during braking while driving by driving the motor with the electric power of the vehicle, and the regenerative power generated by the regenerative braking is applied to the thermal battery.
- the auxiliary power supply means can be configured to be used as starting power. By configuring the auxiliary power supply means in this way, during driving, regenerative braking ensures starting power irrespective of the battery (main battery and other batteries), and is driven by the engine. Power can be supplied without using a generator that can be used, so even if both the battery and the generator driven by the engine (such as an alternator) are abnormal, power can be supplied, and an extremely reliable device Structure It becomes
- a power supply device comprising the above-mentioned thermal battery, wherein a main power source is a main storage battery having a negative electrode grounded, and a negative electrode is grounded.
- a first capacitor having a positive electrode connected to the positive electrode of the main storage battery, a negative electrode grounded, and a positive electrode connected to the positive electrode of the main storage battery via a positive-side current limiting resistor;
- a negative electrode is connected to a second capacitor grounded via a current limiting resistor on the negative electrode side, and one terminal is connected to a positive electrode of the main storage battery via a voltage sensor which is electrically closed upon detecting a voltage drop of the previous power supply.
- a thermal battery activation circuit having the other terminal connected to the negative electrode of the second capacitor, an anode connected to the other terminal of the thermal battery activation circuit, and a cathode connected to the second capacitor. Diode connected to the positive electrode of the A and Mei Nsuitsuchi for grounding the positive electrode of the second capacitor, - the Meinsuitsuchi is obtained by such a control unit for closed by detecting the voltage drop of the main power supply.
- the first capacitor and the second capacitor are connected in series to supply energy to the thermal battery activation circuit.
- the supply voltage to the primer heat cell activation circuit can be increased without increasing the main storage battery voltage. In other words, it is possible to apply a sufficient voltage to the thermal battery activation circuit of the thermal battery activation device without using a capacitor which is also a noise source, and one of the two capacitors can be used. Even if a failure occurs, it becomes possible to apply a voltage to the thermal battery activation circuit.
- a main power supply in the power supply device according to the present invention, which includes the thermal battery, includes a main storage battery having a negative electrode grounded, and a main storage battery having a negative electrode grounded.
- the negative electrode to be pressed is connected to the grounded DC-DC converter, the positive electrode is connected to the positive electrode of the DC-DC converter, the negative electrode is connected to the first capacitor, and the positive electrode is connected to the positive electrode through a positive-side current limiting resistor.
- DC- A second capacitor connected to the positive pole of the DC converter, the negative pole of which is grounded via the negative-side current limiting resistor, and one of the terminals is electrically closed upon detecting a voltage drop of the main power supply.
- a thermal battery activation circuit connected to the positive electrode of the DC-DC converter via a voltage sensor serving as a negative electrode of the second capacitor, and the other terminal connected to the negative electrode of the second capacitor;
- a sub-switch for grounding the other terminal of the circuit via a negative voltage protection diode, a main switch, and a main switch for grounding a positive electrode of the second capacitor when the main switch is closed;
- Main power supply A control unit that closes the sub switch when a voltage drop is detected, and closes the second switch after a lapse of a predetermined time from the closing of the main switch.
- the second switch when the supply current to the thermal battery activation circuit decreases below a predetermined value, the second switch is closed and energy is supplied from the second capacitor. . That is, even when the capacitance of the capacitor is reduced, it is possible to supply energy that can operate the thermal battery activation circuit by discharging the two capacitors with a time lag.
- the time from when the sub-switch is closed to when the main switch is closed is set to be shorter as the main power supply voltage is lower, the energy supply to the thermal battery activation circuit becomes more efficient. It is preferable because it can be surely performed.
- a power supply device comprising the above-described thermal battery, wherein an ignition current to be supplied to a thermal battery activation circuit for activating the thermal battery is supplied.
- the limiting circuit includes: a semiconductor integrated circuit in which a thermal battery activation circuit ignition drive circuit is formed; a reference power supply formed in the semiconductor integrated circuit; and a semiconductor integrated circuit connected to the outside of the semiconductor integrated circuit.
- a thermal resistance is applied to the thermal battery activation circuit based on a load resistance supplied with a current from a reference power supply and a reference current value formed inside the semiconductor integrated circuit and supplied to the pull-down resistor from the reference power supply.
- a current limiting circuit for limiting an ignition current value to be supplied to a predetermined range.
- the current limiting circuit includes a current mirror circuit for detecting the reference current value and the ignition current value.
- the current value can be accurately detected in the semiconductor integrated circuit.
- the ignition current to be supplied to the thermal battery activation circuit for activating the thermal battery is limited.
- a current limiting circuit for limiting an ignition current value detected from a potential difference between both ends of the pull-down resistor to a predetermined range based on a potential difference between both ends of the pull-down resistor.
- the ignition current is limited by the current detection resistor in the semiconductor integrated circuit and the external pull-down resistance, the current detection in the semiconductor integrated circuit is restricted. Even when the output resistance has an absolute resistance value variation, the relative resistance value variation can be reduced, and the current can be accurately limited.
- a power supply device comprising the above-described thermal battery, wherein an ignition current supplied to a thermal battery activation circuit for activating the thermal battery is limited.
- the time limit means is provided.
- the ignition current energization time can be limited to a predetermined time, so it is necessary to use a microcomputer to control the ignition current energization time. Disappears. As a result, the load on the microcomputer can be reduced, and the number of parts can be reduced, thereby reducing the cost of parts. Since the time limiting means limits the time by the resistor and the capacitor, the capacity of the resistor and the capacitor can be set according to the requirements of the thermal battery activation device, and can be set as required. It is possible to easily change the set time. Furthermore, a plurality of capacitors can be provided in the time limiting means, and the resistance and the capacitance of the capacitor can be changed by the changing means.
- the changing means can be controlled by the microphone computer, it is also possible to set the ignition current conduction time by the microphone computer.
- invalidation means for invalidating the time limitation by the time limitation means from outside the semiconductor integrated circuit.
- the ignition current conduction time can be invalidated from outside the semiconductor integrated circuit. If it becomes necessary to change the ignition current conduction time, the time limitation by the time limitation means is invalidated.
- the power-on time can be controlled at the micro combination.
- the ignition current limiting method includes a thermal battery activation circuit having a current limiting function. It is preferable that the ignition drive circuit is formed as a semiconductor integrated circuit, and the time for supplying the ignition current is limited by circuits formed inside and outside the semiconductor integrated circuit.
- the main power supply abnormality detection means for detecting abnormality of the main power supply, and the sub power supply means for supplying power to the outside after the abnormality detection by the main power supply abnormality detection means According to the present invention, even when the main power supply becomes abnormal, it is possible to continuously supply power using the thermal battery, and after starting the thermal battery, Even before the power supply by the thermal battery is started, the power supply is secured without interruption by the sub-power supply means, and a device configuration with extremely high power supply stability can be realized.
- a thermal battery including a main electromotive force generator that generates an electromotive force based on a start signal, a period from when the start signal is given to the main electromotive force generator to when the main electromotive force generator starts up. It is also possible to configure a thermal battery provided with a sub-power source for generating an electromotive force. By adopting a thermal battery having such a configuration, the thermal battery itself has a function of eliminating a rise delay, and a configuration is possible in which power can be supplied immediately after a start signal is given. Therefore, there is no need to provide any special means for eliminating the rise delay, and the configuration is easy to apply to various objects. (Preferred configuration to achieve Task 4)
- the main power supply abnormality detection means for detecting abnormality of the main power supply, and when the abnormality of the power supply is detected by the main power supply abnormality detection means, the power supply to the outside is performed.
- a warning means for issuing a warning when the abnormality of the standby power supply is detected.
- this power supply device is useful because it has the effects described below without using a thermal battery as a backup power supply.
- This configuration prevents the driver from continuing to operate without knowing the state of the standby power supply even when the standby power supply is unusable. Can be realized.
- the backup power supply abnormality detection means is configured to include a usage history detection means for detecting a usage history of the standby power supply, and when the usage history detection means detects that the standby power supply has been used, The warning by the warning means can be performed. As described above, by using the use history detecting means, even if the emergency power supply is already in an unusable state, it is possible to prevent the traveling from being performed continuously.
- a configuration may be included that includes a start regulating unit that regulates the start of the vehicle when the abnormality of the standby power supply is detected by the standby power abnormality detection unit.
- a start regulating unit that regulates the start of the vehicle when the abnormality of the standby power supply is detected by the standby power abnormality detection unit.
- a thermal battery is used as the standby power source, and the thermal battery is
- the standby power supply abnormality detecting means is configured to include a thermal battery detecting means for detecting whether the thermal battery is usable, and the starting is performed when the thermal battery detecting means detects that the thermal battery is unusable.
- the vehicle can be configured to be restricted from being started by the restricting means.
- the abnormal state of the standby power supply is detected by the standby power supply abnormality detecting means, and when an abnormality is detected, the vehicle is set to a deceleration state or a stop state.
- the driving state of the vehicle can be suppressed by the vehicle drive suppressing means.
- a thermal battery is used as the standby power source
- the standby power source abnormality detection unit is configured to include a thermal battery detection unit that detects whether the thermal battery is usable.
- the means detects that the thermal battery is unusable the driving state of the vehicle may be suppressed by the vehicle drive suppressing means.
- a configuration is adopted in which a highly convenient thermal battery is provided as an emergency power supply, and even if the thermal battery is not usable, driving is suppressed even if the thermal battery is disabled. Therefore, when the engine is running at high speed, both the main power supply and the backup power supply become unusable Can be prevented beforehand, and a highly secure system can be realized.
- the thermal battery detecting means is configured to include a thermal fuse that is blown at a predetermined temperature state and a thermal fuse state detecting means that detects a thermal fuse cutting state, and the thermal fuse state detection is performed. If it is detected by the means that the temperature fuse has been cut, the thermal battery may be determined to be in an unusable state (specifically, a used state). With such a configuration, it can be easily determined with a simple configuration whether or not the thermal battery can be used.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of an automobile provided with a by-wire steering control means.
- FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a vehicle power supply device including the control device 26.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a circuit configuration of the power supply unit ECU 46.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state of the storage battery 40 estimated from each voltage input.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the structure of a thermal battery.
- FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram illustrating a first example of the power supply device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing details of the thermal battery activation device 17.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a first example of the second embodiment in detail.
- FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram illustrating a second example of the power supply device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram showing a third example of the power supply device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram showing a fourth example of the power supply device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram showing a fifth example of the power supply device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram showing a first example of the power supply device according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a configuration diagram showing a second example of the power supply device according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a main part of the related art using a shunt resistance.
- FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a main part of the present example using a constant current circuit.
- FIG. 17 is a configuration diagram showing a third example of the power supply device according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a configuration diagram showing a first example of the power supply device according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 19 is a configuration diagram showing a second example of the power supply device according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 20 is a configuration diagram illustrating a third example of the power supply device according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 21 is a configuration diagram showing a first example of the power supply device according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 22 is a configuration diagram showing a second example of the power supply device according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram showing an example of a thermal battery.
- FIG. 24 is a configuration diagram showing a first example of the power supply device according to the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the first example.
- FIG. 26 is a configuration diagram showing a second example of the power supply device according to the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the second example.
- FIG. 28 is a configuration diagram showing a first example of an ignition current limiting circuit according to the power supply device of the seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram for explaining the details of FIG.
- FIG. 30 is a configuration diagram showing a second example of the ignition current limiting circuit according to the power supply device of the seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 31 shows a third embodiment of the ignition current limiting circuit according to the power supply device of the seventh embodiment. 3 009772
- -17-It is a block diagram showing an example.
- FIG. 32 is a configuration diagram showing a fourth example of the ignition current limiting circuit according to the power supply device of the seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 33 is a configuration diagram showing a fifth example of the ignition current limiting circuit according to the power supply device of the seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 34 is a configuration diagram showing a first example of a vehicle power supply device according to the eighth embodiment.
- FIG. 35 is a conceptual diagram conceptually showing an example of the electric brake system.
- FIG. 36 is a flowchart showing a control flow in the eighth embodiment.
- FIG. 37 is a configuration diagram showing a second example of the vehicle power supply device according to the eighth embodiment. .
- FIG. 38 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an internal circuit of the thermal battery used in the eighth embodiment.
- FIG. 39 is a configuration diagram illustrating the internal configuration of the thermal battery used in the eighth embodiment.
- FIG. 40 is a configuration diagram showing a third example of the vehicle power supply device according to the eighth embodiment.
- FIG. 41 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an internal circuit of a thermal battery used in the eighth embodiment.
- FIG. 42 is a configuration diagram showing a first example of a power supply device according to the ninth embodiment.
- FIG. 43 is a block diagram showing an outline of a power supply device according to the ninth embodiment.
- FIG. 44 is a configuration diagram showing a second example of the power supply device according to the ninth embodiment. It is. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- FIG. 5 shows an example of the structure of the thermal battery used in the present invention.
- a positive electrode 94, an electrolyte 95, a negative electrode 96, and a heating agent 93 correspond to a S1 cell, and these are laminated to obtain a predetermined voltage.
- the cell group is inserted and held in a metal container 98 together with a heat insulating material 97 and an ignition ball 91 and sealed.
- the ignition ball is ignited, the exothermic agent 93 starts burning, and the temperature inside the thermal battery rises. This heat melts the electrolyte 95 and allows power to be extracted from the output terminal 89 via the current collector 92.
- a thermal battery is a reserve battery that uses “inorganic salt electrolyte, which is a non-conductive solid at room temperature,” and “a quantity of ignition material that supplies sufficient thermal energy to melt the electrolyte” as essential constituent materials ( Batteries that can be stored and used immediately when needed) and have a high volumetric energy density, making them relatively small with respect to the required power.
- This thermal battery ignites the igniter ball 91 by applying energy from an external energy source to the built-in igniter ball 91, ignites the exothermic agent 93 as an ignition source, melts the electrolyte 95, and conducts electricity. Cause sexuality.
- the battery is activated so that a high electromotive force can be supplied in a short time.
- the storage life of the thermal battery is more than 10 years.
- the active discharge capacity of this thermal battery depends mainly on the chemical reaction and structure of the thermal battery and is determined by various requirements during use. Once the thermal battery is activated, it can be discharged, but when all of the exothermic agent inside the thermal battery completes the exothermic reaction, the molten electrolyte 95 (heat generating agent 93) solidifies and stops operating. State, that is, the state where it can no longer be discharged become. For example, see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-182674.
- lithium and lithium alloys are used for the negative electrode and sulfide is used for the positive electrode for higher capacity and higher output.
- Thermoelectric batteries using materials and oxides have also been developed.
- the lithium alloy an alloy of lithium and boron, aluminum, silicon, gallium, germanium, or the like can be used.
- sulfides and oxides such as iron, nickel, chromium, cobalt, copper, tungsten, and molybdenum are often used, which have high electromotive force and energy density.
- these metals are used as composite compounds or partially doped with lithium ions to improve thermal stability and discharge characteristics.
- a eutectic salt of L i C 1-59 mol% and K C 1-41 mol% is generally used, but KBr-LiBr-LiCl system, LiBr Other molten salts with high ionic conductivity, such as KBr—LiF, LiBr—LiCl—LiF, can also be used. It is sometimes used in a state where fluidity is lost by mixing an insulating powder such as zirconium oxide.
- the electrolyte is a conductor of the ion at the time of operation of the thermal battery, and also acts as a separator between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- the heating agent is formed by molding a mixture of iron powder and potassium perchlorate.
- the exothermic agent is ignited when the battery is activated, causing an oxidation-reduction reaction to generate heat, thereby heating the battery to its operating temperature.
- This exothermic agent contains iron in excess of that required for the exothermic reaction, has high conductivity even after the exothermic reaction, and also acts as a connection between adjacent cells.
- thermo-label that changes color according to the temperature is attached to the outside of the thermal battery, or a predetermined temperature is placed inside the thermal battery. If a thermal battery is provided with a use state determining means, for example, by incorporating a fuse that blows at the time, it is possible to determine whether the thermal battery is unused or used by visual and electrical means. It is preferable to keep the used thermal battery mounted, since it is possible to prevent erroneous use.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a vehicle provided with a by-wire steering control device.
- the handle 20 When the handle 20 is operated, the displacement of the handle (the amount of rotation) is transmitted to the displacement sensor 22, and an electric signal corresponding to the displacement is handled by the handle electronic control unit 24 (hereinafter referred to as the handle ECU 24).
- the steering wheel ECU 24 issues an electric output signal to the electric motor 14 that moves the steering wheel 12 that controls the direction change of the wheel (front wheel) 10.
- the electric motor 14 performs a predetermined operation in response to an output signal from the steering wheel ECU of t, changes the direction of the steering wheel 12, changes the direction of the wheels 10, and changes the traveling direction of the vehicle.
- the displacement sensor 22, the handle ECU 24, and the electric motor 14 constitute the controller 26.
- the displacement sensor 22 is a device that detects the amount of rotation of the handle shaft, and is a device that can generate an electric signal according to the amount of rotation.
- Handle ECU 24 is equipped with ROM, RAM, input / output circuits, and their connection lines.
- a type of computer that sends an electric signal to the electric motor 14 that determines the amount of direction change of the steering 12 according to the output signal of the displacement sensor 22 according to the amount of rotation of the steering wheel 20 is there.
- the traveling speed of the vehicle can be detected, and when other control is performed. It is often suitable for
- FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a vehicle power supply device including the control device 26 shown in FIG.
- a main power supply device 30 (main power supply) composed of an onboard generator 38 and a storage battery 40 is connected to the control device 26 via a main current supply line 34, and is connected to a standby power supply.
- Thermal battery 32 is connected via auxiliary current supply line 36.
- a reverse current of the current (when the heat battery 32 is activated, the main power supply 30 Current flowing to the
- a part of the voltage of the main power supply 30 is output from the control device 26 to a power supply electronic control unit 46 (hereinafter, power supply ECU 46) (hereinafter, this voltage is referred to as a main power supply monitor signal).
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a circuit configuration of the power supply unit ECU 46.
- the input terminal 50 of the power supply unit ECU 46 receives the voltage of the main power supply unit 30 composed of the alternator 38 and a storage battery.
- the main power supply unit 30 branches off from the main current supply line 34 and is connected to the power supply unit ECU 46. However, the main current supply line 34 may be directly connected to the power supply unit ECU 46.
- the thermal battery 32 is connected to the input terminal 52 of the power supply unit ECU 46, and the voltage of the thermal battery 32 in the activated state is input (in the inactive state, the voltage of the thermal battery 32 is zero. is there) .
- the power supply for driving the power supply unit ECU 46 is the ECU power supply 54, which is connected to the main power supply 30 and the heat supply unit via the input terminals 50 and 52. It is connected to the battery 32 and can receive current from at least one of the main power supply 30 and the thermal battery 32 when activated.
- the thermal battery 32 is activated to supply current to the control unit 26. To start. Activation of the thermal battery 32 is performed via the thermal battery ignition output of the power supply ECU 46.
- the power supply unit ECU 46 is provided with a determination circuit 60.
- the determination circuit 60 is a type of computer, and receives the voltage of the main power supply 30 via the input terminal 50 described above. Further, not only the voltage of the main power supply 30 but also the voltage of the alternator 38, which is a part of the main power supply 30, is input via the input terminal 64 as shown in FIG. In addition, the voltage of only the storage battery 40 which is a part of the main power supply device 30 can be input via the input terminal 64.
- a key switch 72 for determining whether or not the ignition key of the vehicle is in the operating position is connected to the power supply unit ECU 46 via an input terminal 68. Further, a handle switch 74 for determining whether or not the handle has been operated is connected via an input terminal 70.
- key switch 72 is closed and an ON signal is generated. By the ON signal, various devices of the vehicle, for example, the above-described electric motor 14 become operable, for example, by a relay.
- the electric motor 14 is operated, and the steering 12 is turned.
- Operating the handle 20 causes the handle switch 74 to emit a signal corresponding to the amount of operation. This signal enables the electric motor 14 to be operated by a relay or the like, and changes the direction of the wheel 10 by an amount corresponding to the signal.
- Input terminals 50 of control device 26 include key switch 72 and handle switch Since the voltage of the main power supply device 30 is applied separately from 74, the steering wheel 12 can be operated by operating the handle 20 even if the key switch 72 is not ON.
- the power supply unit ECU 46 is provided with an input terminal 75 for receiving a voltage signal (main power supply monitor input) which is a part of the voltage of the main power supply unit 30 and passes through the control unit 26. Then, the input terminal 75 is connected to the judgment circuit 60. Thereby, the power supply device ECU 46 can determine via the input terminal 75 that the voltage from the main power supply device 30 is being applied to the control device 26.
- a voltage signal main power supply monitor input
- the control device 26 By the way, if a voltage is applied to the control device 26 from the main power supply device 30, the control device 26 operates, but a failure of the main power supply device 30 or a change from the main power supply device 30 to the control device 26 is performed.
- the main power supply line 34 is disconnected and no voltage is applied to the control device 26 from the main power supply device 30, the control device does not operate, and the bi-wire control means (the handle in this case) does not operate. c If the vehicle is stopped, it is unlikely to lead to a major accident, but if the vehicle is running, the vehicle will fall out of control.
- a thermal battery is provided as an auxiliary power supply.
- a thermal battery 32 is connected to an output terminal 78 thereof via a capacitor 31 and a thermal battery ignition switch.
- a diode 35 is connected between the output terminal 78 and the capacitor 31.
- the input terminal 52 of the power supply ECU 46 connected to the output of the activated thermal battery 32 is connected to the output terminal 84 of the power supply ECU 46, and the output terminal 84 supplies auxiliary current. It is connected to controller 26 via line 36.
- controller 26 can operate.
- the operation time of the heat battery 32 is usually about several minutes to about 10 minutes, unless the vehicle is safely stopped within a predetermined time after the activation of the heat battery 32, the vehicle is controlled again. Become impossible.
- an output terminal 76 for outputting a power failure signal is provided, and based on this signal, the driver is activated by the thermal battery 32, and the lamp prompts the driver to quickly stop the vehicle in a safe place. It is preferable to equip vehicles with warning means to warn a buzzer, recorded sound, and the like.
- FIG. 2 shows an example in which a storage battery abnormality lamp 102, a stop notification buzzer 104, and a main current supply line abnormality lamp 106 for notifying the driver of an abnormality are provided.
- the main power supply 30 if there is no voltage input from the alternator 38 to the power supply ECU 46 and there is no voltage input from the main power supply 30, the main power supply 30 is configured. Yes It is determined that the storage battery 40 as another power source is abnormal. Next, as shown in the second line of FIG. 4, there is no voltage input for the alternator 38 to the power supply ECU 46, but if there is a voltage input from the main power supply 30, the main power supply 3 Storage battery 40, which is another power source constituting 0, is determined to be normal. As shown in the third and fourth lines of FIG. 4, when there is a voltage input of the alternator 38 to the power supply ECU 46, the main power supply does not matter whether or not there is a voltage input from the main power supply 30. The state of the storage battery 40, which is another power source constituting 30 cannot be determined.
- the essential condition for activating the thermal battery 32 is that the voltage of the main power supply monitor signal first becomes equal to or lower than a predetermined value (the minimum drivable voltage of the control device 26). .
- a predetermined value the minimum drivable voltage of the control device 26.
- a continuous voltage drop of about 0.05 to 0.1 second can be detected so that the thermal battery 32 is not activated against a momentary voltage drop. Choosing this time must be done with care, as longer times can lead to longer periods of vehicle uncontrollability.
- the next prerequisite is that the vehicle is running. For this detection, the rotation speed of the wheel can be detected by a sensor or the like as described above. However, even if the wheels are not completely stopped, the vehicle is running if it is fast enough to stop the vehicle with the side brake. 3 009772
- the thermal battery can start supplying power within several hundred milliseconds after the ignition signal is issued. It is desirable to select a thermal battery that operates for several minutes to about ten minutes.
- FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing a first example of the present power supply device.
- the generator 10 and the main storage battery 11 which are the main power supply are connected to the diodes 13 and 14 in the forward direction via the identification switch 12 respectively.
- the identification switch 12 first switch means
- the current flowing through one of the diodes 13 charges the backup capacitor 15 which is a backup power supply.
- the charged backup capacitor 15 is not discharged by the action of the diode 13 even if the voltage of the generators 10 and Z or the main battery 11 becomes low.
- the discharge current from the backup capacitor 15 is supplied to the thermal battery activation device 17 via the normally open switch 16 which is the second switch means. Meanwhile, thermal battery activation
- the device 17 is separately supplied with current from the generator 10 and / or the main battery 11 via a diode 14.
- the normally open switch 16 is operated by a detection circuit 18 that determines whether to discharge the backup capacitor 15 via the thermal battery activation device 17. When the detection circuit 18 determines that the capacitor 15 should be discharged, the detection circuit 18 closes the contact of the normally open switch 16 and uses the discharge current of the backup capacitor 15 to activate the thermal battery activation device 17 Pour
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing details of the thermal battery activation device 17.
- the thermal battery activation device 17 is composed of a stabilized power source 171, which uses the current flowing through the diode 14 and the current flowing through the switch 16 shown in FIG. 1 as power sources, and a generator 10 And Z or a voltage sensor 176 that detects the voltage of the main storage battery 1 1 1, a voltage drop determination circuit 1 7 5 that is activated by the voltage sensor 1 6, and a first switch based on a signal generated by the voltage drop circuit 1 7 5
- a switch 172 for closing a normally open contact, which is a means, and an ignition device 173 for activating a thermocell supplied with current through the switch 172 are provided.
- the ignition device 173 is grounded via a transistor 174.
- Voltage drop determination circuit 175 determines voltage drop of generator 10 and battery or main battery 11 (normally both generator 10 and main battery 11 are preferable) by voltage sensor 1776 Then, a signal for turning on transistor 1 '74 is issued. That is, when the voltage sensors 1 16 detect a voltage drop in the generators 10 and Z or the main storage battery 11, the voltage drop determination circuit 1775 needs to supply power from the standby power battery to the by-wire control means. Then, the thermal battery is activated. According to the result of this judgment, Transit is 174 at ON. Here, the power supply of the voltage drop determination circuit 1775 and the voltage sensor 176 is the stabilized power supply 171.
- FIG. 8 shows the embodiment of FIG. 6 in more detail. 2003/009772
- the second switch means, normally open switch 16 is composed of P-channel FET.
- the thermal battery activation device 17 receives the output signal from the voltage drop judgment circuit 17 5 due to the voltage drop of the generator 10 and the battery or the main storage battery 11 detected by the voltage sensor 17 6 and outputs the output signal to the receiver 1 9 And supplies it to the gate of the FET that configures switch 16. If the voltage sensor 176 does not detect a voltage drop of the generators 10 and Z or the main storage battery 11, the voltage drop judgment circuit 175 does not emit an output signal, and the voltage drop judgment circuit 175 The output of the switch keeps the open level, giving a high level signal to the gate of the FET, and the normally open switch 16 is kept open.
- the thermal battery for the standby power supply of the mobile device according to the present invention is a primary battery that cannot be used for the second time once it has been used, so it is necessary to activate the thermal battery when it is necessary to activate the thermal battery. While it is necessary to activate the battery, it is more preferable to provide a protection circuit so as not to activate the thermal battery due to a malfunction.
- a signal indicating that the moving body is moving is input to a thermal battery activation circuit to generate power. It is preferable that the thermal battery be activated when there is a voltage drop of the machines 10 and Z or the main storage battery 11 and a signal indicating that the moving body is moving is input.
- the output is determined by the voltage drop determination circuit 1775 of the thermal battery activation unit 17. No signal, so the first switch PT / JP2003 / 009772
- the normally open switch 174 as the switch means and the normally open switch 16 as the second switch means are in the state of 0 FF (open contact).
- the backup capacitor 15 is connected to the generator 10 and the main battery 1 as described above. In this state, the backup capacitor 15 is not connected to the thermal battery activating device 17, so that the backup capacitor 15 can hold a predetermined charging voltage.
- thermal battery activation device 17 can be supplied with voltage directly from the generators 10 and Z or the main storage battery 11 via the diode 14 and can continue to operate.
- the voltage of the generators 10 and Z or the main storage battery 11 decreases (preferably, the voltage of both the generator 10 and the main storage battery 11 decreases).
- the normally open switch 172 which is the first switch means, is turned ON (closed contact) by the output signal of the voltage drop judgment circuit 175, while the voltage drop judgment circuit 17 The output from 5 goes high, turning on transistor 174.
- the normally open switch 16 which is the second switch means is turned on (closed contact) by the output signal of the voltage drop determination circuit 175, the electric charge stored in the backup capacitor 15 is activated by the thermal battery.
- the thermal battery it flows to the ignition device 17 3 of the gasifier 17, and activates the thermal battery to enable by-wire control of the vehicle (moving body) having the by-wire control means for a certain period of time. If the thermal battery is activated, the vehicle (moving object) must be stopped in a safe place while the by-wire control means is operable, and then after a certain period of time, the If the thermal battery is activated, a system that warns the operator of the moving object with a buzzer, lamp, sound recording, etc. at the same time should be installed at the same time, since the control system of the burner type becomes inoperable. It becomes suitable.
- FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram showing a second example of the present power supply device.
- the voltage generated between both ends of the ignition device 173 is detected by the differential amplifier 20.
- the normally open switch 16 as the second switch means is set to ⁇ N (closed contact) by the output of the differential amplifier 20. That is, if the voltage of the generator 10 and / or the main storage battery 11 of the mobile body does not decrease, the transistor is switched along with the normally open switch 172 as the first switch means in the thermal battery activation device 17. Evening 174 is OFF, so current does not flow to ignition device 173.
- the differential amplifier 20 does not detect a voltage, its output is kept at a single level, and the normally open switch 16 as the second switch means is kept OFF (open contact).
- the voltage drop determination circuit 175 determines that the first switch means a normally open switch 172 and a transistor. 17 4 turns on, current flows to the ignition device 17.3, the voltage at both ends increases, and the output of the differential amplifier 20 goes high, causing the backup capacitor 15 to store power. The generated charge flows to the ignition device 173.
- FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram showing a third example of the present configuration power supply device.
- the stabilized power supply 171, the voltage drop determination circuit 1-5, and the voltage sensor 1-6 for operating the normally open switch 172, which is the first switch means are omitted.
- Switch 161 which is the second switch means shown in FIG. 10, is composed of a switch that is turned on when the voltage of the generator 10 and / or the main storage battery 11 drops, similar to the transistor 174. You. Therefore, switch 16 1 is the energy stored in backup capacitor 15 It has a function of determining whether or not to flow the heat into the thermal battery activation device 17 and a function of switching the energy stored in the backup capacitor 15.
- the switch 16 1 is independently a second switch means and a connection control means. According to this embodiment, there is an advantage that the circuit is simplified.
- FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram showing a fourth example of the present configuration power supply device.
- a stabilized power supply 17 1 for operating the normally open switch 17 2 which is the first switch means, a voltage drop judging circuit 17 5, a voltage sensor 1 7 and 6 are omitted.
- a voltage monitoring circuit 21 is provided on the input side of the diode 14.
- This voltage monitoring circuit 21 is composed of a zener diode 2 11 connected to the input side of the diode 14 and a resistor 2 1 2 provided on the ground side of the zener diode 2 1 1.
- the monitoring circuit 21 monitors the voltage of the generator 10 and the main storage battery 11, and sets the voltage at which the voltage of the generator 10 and the main storage battery 11 can operate the thermal battery activation device 17 normally. If it can be maintained, the voltage signal obtained by the Zener diode 211 and the resistor 211 keeps the second switch means switch 16 OFF (open contact).
- FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram showing a fifth example of the present power supply device.
- 0 Stabilized power supply 17 1 to operate the normally open switch 17 2 which is the first switch means as in Fig. 11, voltage drop judgment circuit 1 75, voltage sensor 1 76 omitted are doing.
- the electric charge stored in the backup capacitor 15 is activated by the thermal battery.
- a discharge control circuit for flowing the gasification device 17 is provided.
- the booster circuit 30 current flows from the generators 10 and Z or the main storage battery 11 via the diode 31, and the current flows to the backup capacitor 15 via the booster circuit 30. That is, the backup capacitor 15 is charged after the voltage of the generator 10 and / or the main storage battery 11 is increased.
- the booster circuit 30 since the discharge of the backup capacitor 15 is prevented by the diodes 13 and 316, the booster circuit 30 may have a small capacity.
- the booster circuit 30 allows the backup capacitor 15 to store enough energy to operate the thermal battery activation device 17 even when the voltage of the generator 10 and ⁇ or the main storage battery 11 drops. become.
- the booster circuit 30 can be constituted by a known DC-DC converter, a charge pump, and the like.
- the output from the booster circuit 30 is grounded by the resistor 32 and the transistor 33, and by the resistor 34 and the transistor 35.
- the transistor 35 is connected in parallel to the backup capacitor 15, and a circuit having these transistors 33 and 35 constitutes a discharge control circuit.
- the current passing through the diode 31 is grounded via the diode 36, the resistor 37, and the capacitor 38.
- the current branched from the resistor 37 and the capacitor 38 flows to the base of the transistor 33 via the resistor 39.
- the base of the transistor 33 is grounded via the resistor 40.
- the output voltage from the generators 10 and Z or the main storage battery 11 is applied to the base of the transistor 33 through the CR circuit composed of the capacitor 38, the resistor 39, and the resistor 40. You. Then, when the transistor 33 is turned on, the base of the transistor 35 is set to the ground potential and turned off, and the discharge circuit of the backup capacitor 15 is cut off.
- the charging voltage from the generator 10 and / or the main storage battery 11 is applied to the capacitor 38 by turning on the initiation switch 12.
- the capacitor 38 charges, the base potential of the transistor 33 rises, and the conduction of the transistor 33 is controlled.
- the voltage boosted by the booster circuit 30 is applied to the backup capacitor 15. Therefore, when the resistance of the resistor 32 connected in series to the transistor 33 is set to a relatively high value, the discharge from the backup capacitor 15 via the resistor 32 can be suppressed.
- the ignition switch 12 when the ignition switch 12 is turned off, for example, when the vehicle is stopped, the charge stored in the backup capacitor 15 is discharged after a predetermined time has elapsed. This prevents energy that can start the thermal battery activation device 17 from being stored in the backup capacitor 15.
- the thermal battery activation device 17 can be prevented from being activated. According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the reliability of the mobile device provided with the by-wire control means for preventing malfunction.
- ON and OFF of the switch 16 are controlled by the transistor 41.
- the base of the transistor 41 is supplied with a voltage from a connection point between the resistor 42 and the resistor 43.
- the series circuit of the resistors 42 and 43 is connected in parallel to the ignition device 173.
- the voltage generated at both ends of the ignition device 17 3 is divided by the resistor 42 and the resistor 43, and the divided voltage is supplied to the base of the transistor 41. . Therefore, when a current flows through the ignition device 173 and the voltage across the igniter increases, the base voltage of the transistor 41 increases and the transistor 41 conducts.
- the ON of the transistor 41 the gate of the switch 16 as the second switch means is grounded to 0 N, and a current flows from the backup capacitor 15 to the ignition device 173.
- the operation principle of the switch 16 as the above-mentioned second switch means is the same as that of the example shown in FIG. 9, but is not limited to the second embodiment, and the transistor 41 as described in the fifth embodiment. Even with a configuration in which the resistors 42 and 43 are combined, it is possible to detect that a current is flowing to the ignition device 173.
- all of the switches are the second switch means.
- the switch 16 is configured by a P-channel FET is shown, the normally open switch 16 that is the second switch means may be configured by a bipolar transistor, an N-channel FET, a relay circuit, etc. You can also.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of a circuit of the thermal battery ignition ball ignition device according to the present configuration.
- This circuit includes a main storage battery 1 and an initiation switch 2 connected in series, and a backup capacitor 3 connected in parallel.
- the backup capacitor 3 is charged by the main storage battery 1 by operating the initiation switch 2 (closing the contact).
- a constant current circuit ⁇ is connected to a power supply unit having a main storage battery 1, an ignition switch 2, and a knock-up capacitor 3 (energy storage means). It flows to the thermal battery ignition ball ignition section 5 that ignites the ignition ball 5a of the thermal battery for use.
- Reference numeral 4 denotes a voltage detection switch (first switch means) for detecting the voltage of the generator and Z or the main storage battery 1 (not shown) to control the energization of the thermal battery ignition ball ignition section 5.
- the constant current circuit A is composed of transistors 6 and 7 for controlling the magnitude of the current flowing to the ignition part 5 of the thermal battery ignition ball, a current detection resistor 8, and a bias resistor 9 for providing current to the transistor 6.
- the resistors 8 and 9 and the transistors 6 and 7 are set so that a constant current that allows the thermal battery ignition ball ignition unit 5 to start reliably can flow.
- the main storage battery 1 charges the backup capacitor 3.
- This ba The backup capacitor 3 can maintain the constant current circuit even if the specified power cannot be supplied due to failure or damage of both the alternator and the main storage battery (not shown) and the disconnection or disconnection of the generator cable and main storage battery cable.
- A is an emergency thermal battery ignition ball ignition power supply for ensuring that A can flow current to the thermal battery ignition ball ignition section 5.
- connecting a diode (not shown) to the backup capacitor 3 in series prevents discharge of the backup capacitor 3 when the main storage battery 1 fluctuates in voltage, which is preferable. is there.
- the above-mentioned predetermined power supply impossible state occurs. That is, by-wire control of a moving body (vehicle in this case) equipped with by-wire control means When sufficient power for operating the means cannot be supplied, the voltage detection switch 4 is turned on, and the power supply unit including the thermal battery ignition ball ignition unit 5, the main storage battery 1, and the backup capacitor 3 is closed. A circuit is formed, a current flows through the thermal battery ignition ball ignition section 5, and the thermal battery ignition ball point is ignited.
- the constant current circuit A In the current detection resistor 8 of the constant current circuit A, an added current of the current flowing in the thermal battery ignition ball ignition section 5 and the base drive current of the transistor 7 flows. However, if the current amplification factor of the transistor 6 is sufficiently high, the current flowing through the thermal battery ignition ball ignition section 5 and the current flowing through the current detection resistor 8 become substantially the same. Therefore, the voltage across the current detection resistor 8 is proportional to the current flowing through the thermal battery ignition ball ignition unit 5 connected in series to the constant current circuit A. When the voltage across the current detection resistor 8 activates the transistor 7, the transistor 6 is reverse-biased by the bias resistor 9, so that the current flowing through the thermal battery ignition ball ignition section 5 is limited.
- a constant current flows through the thermal battery ignition ball ignition section 5. That is, when the voltage detection switch 4 is turned on, that is, when the contact of the voltage detection switch 4 is closed, a constant current specified by the constant current circuit A flows to the thermal battery ignition ball ignition section 5, and the thermal battery ignition ball ignition section 5 ignites the thermal battery ignition ball 5a to make the thermal battery dischargeable.
- the backup capacitor 3 functions as a power source, supplies power to the thermal battery ignition ball ignition section 5, and the thermal battery ignition ball 5a ignites. Is done.
- the thermal battery ignition ball ignition section 5 when the voltage of the main storage battery 1 and the backup capacitor 3 is low, the current flowing through the thermal battery ignition ball ignition section 5 is small, not when the power cannot be completely supplied in the above-mentioned predetermined power supply disabled state. Therefore, the voltage across the current detection resistor 8 is also reduced. At this time, the transistor 7 does not enter the active state, and the transistor 6 remains completely on. Therefore, except for a small voltage drop in the wiring resistance / constant current circuit A, the entire voltage of the main storage battery 1 or the voltage of all the backup capacitors 3 is applied to the thermal battery ignition ball ignition section 5, so that the main storage battery 1. Even if the voltage of the backup capacitor 3 is low, sufficient current can flow in the thermal battery ignition ball 5 and the thermal battery ignition ball 5a is reliably ignited.
- FIG. 14 it is also possible to provide a thermal battery ignition ball ignition portion at two locations 5 and 10. By providing the ignition ball at two locations of 5a and 10a in one thermal battery, the reliability when activating the thermal battery can be further improved.
- B in Fig. 14 is another constant current circuit.
- 1 1 1 2 is a transistor like 6 and 7, and controls the magnitude of the current flowing through the thermal battery ignition ball ignition section 10.
- 13 is a current detection resistor like 8
- 14 is a bias resistor which gives current capability to the transistor 11 like 9.
- FIG. 15 is an explanatory view of a main part of a firing circuit using a shunt resistor
- FIG. 16 is an explanatory view of a main part of an ignition circuit using a constant current circuit according to the present invention.
- Fig. 15 shows an ignition circuit using a shunt resistor.
- the shunt resistor includes a backup capacitor Cl, a voltage detection switch SI, a shunt resistor R1 and R2, and a thermal battery ignition ball ignition section SQ1 and SQ2.
- the thermal battery ignition ball ignition sections SQ 1 and SQ 2 Assuming that the current flowing through is 2 A, the voltage of the capacitor C 1 at the time of ignition is
- Fig. 16 showing an ignition circuit using a constant current circuit shows a backup capacitor C2, a voltage detection switch S2, constant current circuits T1 and T2, thermal battery ignition ball ignition sections SQ3 and SQ4. It consists of.
- the constant current value is 2 A
- the saturation voltage of the constant current circuit is 1 V
- the voltage of the capacitor C 2 at the time of ignition is
- the constant current circuit is not limited to the current detection resistor and the transistor.
- a current detection resistor and an operational amplifier can be used as shown in FIG.
- the same members as those in Figs. 13 and 14 are given the same reference numerals, bias resistors 16 and 18, op amps 15 and 17 and reference voltage. Consists of source 19.
- the operation of the constant current circuit C in FIG. 17 is such that when the voltage detection switch 4 is turned on, the same current as the thermal battery ignition ball ignition section 5 flows through the current detection resistor 8.
- the voltage at both ends of the current detection resistor 8 is proportional to the current flowing through the thermal battery ignition ball ignition section 5, and as the voltage across both ends of the current detection resistor 8 increases, the current flowing from the operational amplifier 15 also increases.
- the transistor 6 is reverse-biased, and the current flowing through the ignition part 5 of the thermal battery ignition ball becomes a predetermined value under a certain limitation.
- the operation of the constant current circuit D shown in FIG. 17 is the same as the operation of the constant current circuit C described above.
- the voltage of the reference voltage source 19 is set to about 0.4 V, the resistance of the current detection resistors 8 and 13 can be reduced. Can be reduced. this Therefore, even when the voltage of the storage battery or the voltage of the backup capacitor is low, the thermal battery ignition ball igniters 5, 10 can be reliably started.
- the same configuration can be obtained by forming a constant current circuit by using a magnetic field generated by a current, or by giving a current limiting capability to the element itself (for example, by using a constant current diode).
- a semiconductor sensor, a piezo element, or the like can be used instead of the voltage detection switch described in the present embodiment.
- a storage battery can be used in place of the backup capacitor.
- FIG. 18 is a configuration diagram showing a circuit configuration of the first power supply device according to the present configuration.
- the thermal battery activation device shown in Fig. 18 has a resistor 12 and a backup power source, which is a capacitor 13 having a relatively large capacity, which is connected to the main storage battery 10 and one end of Z or one end of the generator 1.
- Supply line 11 Connected to 1.
- the other ends of main storage batteries 10 and Z or generator 1 and one end of capacitor 13 are grounded, respectively.
- a voltage conversion circuit 2 composed of a coil 21, FETs (field effect transistors) 22, 23, diodes 24, 25, and capacitors 26, 27.
- One end of the coil 21 provided in the voltage conversion circuit 20 is connected to the main storage battery 10 and / or the generator 1 (main power supply) via the diode 14, and the other end of the coil 21 is provided.
- the drain and source of the N-channel FET 22 are connected between the anodes of the coil 21 and the diode 24 and between the ground.
- FET22 is turned on when a high-level signal is applied to the gate, and turned off when a single-level signal is applied to the gate.
- the drain and the source of the P-channel type FET 23 are connected in parallel to both ends of the diode 24.
- FET 23 turns on when a low-level signal is applied to the gate, and turns off when a high-level signal is applied to the gate.
- the anode of diode 25 is then grounded, and the power source of diode 25 is connected between coil 21 and FET 23.
- the capacitors 26 and 27 provided in the voltage conversion circuit 20 have relatively small capacities, and are provided to remove the ripples generated by the above-described step-up and step-down operations of the voltage conversion circuit 20.
- the thermal battery activation device having the above-described voltage conversion circuit 20 also includes a control circuit 40 that controls an ignition device 30 for activating the thermal battery.
- the control circuit 40 is composed of, for example, a semiconductor integrated circuit, and includes a thermal battery ignition circuit 4 1. a thermal battery ignition control circuit 42, a resistance circuit 43, a diagnostic circuit 44, and a disconnection detection circuit. 45, step-up / step-down control circuit 46, and reguille overnight circuit 47.
- the thermal battery ignition circuit 41 supplies power to the capacitor 13 when the voltage of the main battery 10 and / or the generator 1 (preferably both the main battery 10 and the generator 1) falls below a predetermined value. In this case, the ignition device 30 is ignited to activate the backup power battery.
- the thermal battery ignition circuit 41 includes a constant current circuit 41a and an N-channel FET 41b serving as a switching element.
- the constant current circuit 41 a includes a normally open switching element 41 a 1 connected between the terminal 40 a and the terminal 40 b of the control circuit 40, and is normally opened by the thermal battery ignition control circuit 42.
- the switching element 41 a1 is controlled, and when the voltage of the main storage batteries 10 and Z or the voltage of the generator 1 falls below a predetermined value, the normally open switching element 41 a1 is turned on, and one end of the ignition device 30 is turned on. A constant current flows through the terminal 40b. It is necessary that the constant current supplied here is a current sufficient to ignite the ignition device 30 and activate the thermal battery. As described above, since the thermal battery for the standby power supply of the mobile device according to the present invention is a primary battery that cannot be used for the second time once it is used, it is necessary to activate the thermal battery when the thermal battery needs to be activated. While it is necessary to activate the thermal battery, it is more preferable to provide a protection circuit so as not to activate the thermal battery due to a malfunction.
- a signal indicating that the moving body is moving is input to a thermal battery activation circuit, It is preferable to activate the thermal battery when there is a voltage drop of the storage battery 10 and / or the generator 1 and a signal indicating that the moving object is moving is input.
- the terminal 40 a provided in the control circuit 40 is connected to one end of the capacitor 13 via a diode 15. This terminal 40a is connected to the main battery 10 And the first voltage supply terminal (backup power supply terminal) of the control circuit 40 connected to the capacitor 13 that has increased the voltage of the Z or the generator 1 and has accumulated the charge.
- the constant current circuit 41 a provided in the thermal battery ignition circuit 41 is provided with a terminal 40 provided in the control circuit 40 for the purpose of obtaining a voltage necessary to drive the switching element 41 a 1. Also connected to d.
- the terminal 40 d provided in the control circuit 40 is connected to the output portion (between the diode 24 and the resistor 12) of the voltage conversion circuit 20, while the diode 40 d is connected to one end of the capacitor 13.
- the FET 41b provided in the thermal battery ignition circuit 41, which is the second voltage supply terminal of the control circuit 40 connected via the control circuit 16, has its drain and source connected to the control circuit 40 Connected to the terminal 40e and the terminal 40 provided in the terminal.
- the FET 41b is turned on when a high-level signal is applied to the gate, turned off when a mouth-level signal is applied, and the ignition device 30 is connected to the terminal 40 of the control circuit 40. Connected to b and terminal 40, terminal 40f is grounded.
- the thermal battery ignition control circuit 42 is connected to the terminal 40 g of the control circuit 40, and detected by the voltage sensor 61 via the terminal 60 b of the microcomputer 60. And the constant current circuit 4 1 of the thermal battery ignition circuit 4 1 in response to a signal indicating that the voltage of Z or generator 1 (preferably both main battery 10 and generator 1) has dropped below a predetermined value. A control signal for generating a constant current is output to a, and at the same time, a control signal for turning on the FET 41 b of the thermal battery ignition circuit 41 is output. To operate the thermal battery ignition control circuit 42, the voltage of the main storage battery 10 and / or the voltage of the generator 1 is also applied from the terminal 40c of the control circuit 40. The thermal battery ignition control circuit 42 is also grounded.
- the terminal 40 c of the control circuit 40 is It is connected between the diode 14 of the power supply line 11 and the voltage conversion circuit 20 and the coil 21, and is connected to the main storage battery 10 and the battery or generator 1, or the voltage of the step-down capacitor 13. This is a voltage supply terminal. Further, the thermal battery ignition control circuit 42 has a boosted voltage from the terminal 40 d in order to operate the switching element 41 a 1 of the constant current circuit 41 a provided in the thermal battery ignition circuit 41. Voltage is also input.
- the resistor circuit 43 uses the capacitor 13 as a power source and applies a voltage across the ignition device 30 to diagnose the quality of the ignition device 30.
- the resistances 43 a and 43 b of the resistance circuit 43 are connected in series, and the portion between them is connected to the terminal 40 b of the control circuit 40.
- One end of the resistor 4 3a of the resistor circuit 4 3 is connected to the terminal 40 d of the control circuit 40 via the drain and source of the FET 51, and one end of the resistor 4 3b of the resistor circuit 43 is grounded. Is done.
- One end of the resistor 43 c of the resistor circuit 43 is connected to the terminal 40 e of the control circuit 40, and the other end is grounded.
- the FET 51 connected to one end of the resistor 43 of the resistor circuit 43 applies the voltage from the terminal 40 d of the control circuit 40 to the resistor circuit 43 in the on state, and turns off in the off state.
- This block prohibits the application of a voltage from the terminal 40 d of the control circuit 40, and forms a cutoff circuit that cuts off the supply of power to the resistance circuit 43 when the power supply line 11 is disconnected.
- FET 51 is a P-channel type, and is turned on when a single-level signal is applied to the gate, and is turned off when a high-level signal is applied to the gate.
- the diagnostic circuit 44 diagnoses the ignition device 30. More specifically, the ignition device 30 and the connection line leading to the ignition device 30 may be disconnected or short-circuited. In order to determine whether an abnormality has occurred, the voltage of both the terminals 40b and 40d of the control circuit 40 is input to the diagnostic circuit 44. As will be described in detail later, the diagnostic circuit 44 includes a terminal 40 h of the control circuit 40 and a terminal 40 h for determining whether or not a predetermined reference voltage is generated by the regulator circuit 47. Terminal 40 i voltage is input. Then, the diagnosis result of the diagnostic circuit 44, that is, each voltage of the terminal 40b, the terminal 40d, the terminal 40h, and the terminal 40i is supplied to the microcomputer 40 via the terminal 40j of the control circuit 40.
- the operating power supply of the diagnostic circuit 44 is the voltage of the main storage battery 10 and / or the generator 1 or the stepped-down capacitor 13, and is input from the terminal 40 c of the control circuit 40 via the FET 52. At the same time, the diagnostic circuit 44 is grounded.
- FET 52 When the FET 52 connected to the diagnostic circuit 44 is turned on, the voltage from the terminal 40 c of the control circuit 40 is applied to the diagnostic circuit 44 when it is on, and the voltage from the terminal 40 c of the control circuit 40 is turned off when it is off. When the power supply line 11 is broken, the circuit becomes the operation stop control circuit of the diagnostic circuit.
- FET 52 is a P-channel type, which is turned on when a low-level signal is applied to the gate and turned off when a high-level signal is applied to the gate.
- the voltage signals output from the diagnostic circuit 44 are input to the micro computer 60 via the terminal 60 c of the microcomputer 60 connected to the terminal 40 j of the control circuit 40. Is done. Then, the microcomputer 60 determines whether or not each of the voltage signals output by the diagnostic circuit 44 is normal. When the microcomputer 60 determines that each of the voltage signals output by the diagnostic circuit 44 is abnormal, the microcomputer 60 records the time of occurrence of the abnormality, and outputs an alarm device connected to the terminal 60 d of the microphone computer 60. For example, a warning light, buzzer, or recorded sound) 62 Outputs a signal indicating an abnormality. Alarm 62 notifies the pilot of the abnormality in response to the signal.
- the disconnection detection circuit 45 is a circuit that detects a disconnection of the power supply line 11 that connects the main storage battery 10 and / or the generator 1 to the voltage conversion circuit 20, and has a comparator 45a.
- the potential between the resistors 45 b and 45 c connected in series between the terminal 40 k of the control circuit 40 and the ground is applied to the positive input terminal of the comparator 45 a. Is done.
- the terminal 40 k of the control circuit 40 is connected to the control circuit
- the diode 1 is located between the main battery 10 of the power supply line 11 and the coil 21, away from the main battery 10 and near the coil 21. Connected via 7.
- the reference voltage of the reference voltage generator 45 d provided in the disconnection detection circuit 45 is applied to the negative input terminal of the comparator 45 a.
- the operating power supply for the comparator 45 a and the reference voltage generator 45 d provided in the disconnection detection circuit 45 is the voltage of the main storage battery 10 and / or the generator 1, or the voltage of the step-down capacitor 13. .
- the comparator 45a and the reference voltage generator 45d provided in the disconnection detection circuit 45 are also grounded.
- the reference voltage of the reference voltage generator 45 d provided in the disconnection detection circuit 45 is set to a small value. If the power supply line 11 is not disconnected and the voltage from the main storage batteries 10 and Z or the generator 1 is normally applied to the terminal 40 k of the control circuit 40, the disconnection detection circuit 45 Comparator 4
- the step-up / step-down control circuit 46 is a circuit for selectively switching between the step-up operation and the step-down operation of the voltage conversion circuit 20 under the control of the disconnection detection circuit 45. Specifically, when a high-level signal is applied from the comparator 45a of the disconnection detection circuit 45, the buck-boost control circuit 46 transmits the high-level signal through the terminal 40m of the control circuit 40. To apply to the gate of FET 23 to keep FET 23 off. On the other hand, a pulse signal that repeats a low-level signal and a high-level signal is applied to the gate of the FET 22 via the terminal 40n of the control circuit 40, and the FET 22 is turned on and off periodically. .
- the step-up / step-down control circuit 46 outputs the low-level signal through the terminal 40 n of the control circuit 40. Applied to the gate of FET 22 to keep FET 22 off. On the other hand, a pulse signal that repeats a low-level signal and a high-level signal is applied to the gate of the FET 23 via the terminal 4 Om of the control circuit 40, and the FET 23 is periodically turned on and off.
- the operation power supply of the step-up / step-down control circuit 46 is the main storage battery 10 and / or the generator 1 connected to the terminal 40 c of the control circuit 40, or the step-down capacitor 13.
- the buck-boost control circuit 46 is also grounded.
- the voltage of the capacitor 13 is also input to the step-up / step-down control circuit 46 from the terminal 40 d of the control circuit 40 in order to operate the P-channel type FET 23.
- the inverter circuit 48 is a circuit that inverts a high-level signal or a low-level signal generated by the comparator 45a of the disconnection detection circuit 45 into a low-level signal or a high-level signal, and outputs the inverted signal.
- the operating power supply of the inverter circuit 48 is the main storage battery 1 connected to the terminal 40 c of the control circuit 40. 0 and / or generator 1 or step-down capacitor 13. Also the inverter circuit 48 is grounded.
- the regulation circuit 47 includes a first reference voltage Vref1 for supplying a constant current to the ignition device 30 and a second reference voltage Vref for supplying a constant current for diagnosis of the ignition device 30. ref 2 is generated.
- the regulator circuit 47 is connected to the first reference voltage Vref1 and the second reference voltage by the resistors 47a and 47b connected to the terminals 40h and 40i of the control circuit 40. Outputs the voltage V ref 2.
- the operating power supply of the regulator circuit 47 is the main storage batteries 10 and Z or the generator 1 or the stepped-down capacitor 13 connected to the terminal 40 c of the control circuit 40.
- the voltage of the terminal 40 h and the terminal 40 i of the control circuit 40 is input to the diagnostic circuit 44 because the constant current circuit 41 a provided in the thermal battery ignition circuit 41 This is for diagnosing the normal operation of the ignition device 30 and for diagnosing the ignition control of the ignition device 30 (diagnosing whether the constant current for diagnosis of the ignition device 30 is normally generated). It is preferable that the resistance 47 a and the resistance 47 b are not provided in the control circuit 40 but are externally provided in the control circuit 40. This is because it is difficult to form a highly accurate resistor in a semiconductor integrated circuit such as the control circuit 40. .
- the thermal battery ignition control circuit 42, the comparator 45a provided in the disconnection detection circuit 45 and the reference voltage generator 45d, the step-up / step-down control circuit 46, the regulator circuit 47, and the inverter circuit 48 It is ready to operate. Further, the comparator 45a of the disconnection detection circuit 45 outputs a high-level signal based on the voltage applied to the terminal 4 Ok of the control circuit 40. The high-level signal is inverted to a low-level signal by the inverter circuit 48 and applied to the FET 51 and the FET 52, so that the FETs 51 and 52 remain on. At this time, the power supply voltage from the main storage batteries 10 and Z or the generator 1 is applied to the diagnostic circuit 44 via the terminal 40c of the control circuit 40, and the diagnostic circuit 44 is in a state where it can be operated. Become.
- the buck-boost control circuit 46 applies a high-level signal to the gate of the FET 23 via the terminal 40m of the control circuit 40, thereby keeping the FET 23 in the off state and simultaneously controlling the buck-boost control.
- the circuit 46 applies a pulse signal that repeats a low-level signal and a high-level signal to the gate of the FET 22 via the terminal 40 ⁇ of the control circuit 40 to periodically turn on and off the FET 22. I do. Therefore, in the voltage conversion circuit 20, the coil 21, F ⁇ 2 22, and the diode 24 boost the voltage from the main storage batteries 10 and ⁇ or the generator 1, and the boosted voltage is applied to the terminal 40. d is directly applied to the control circuit 40 via the terminal 40 d of the control circuit 40.
- the constant current circuit 41a provided in the thermal battery ignition circuit 41, the thermal battery ignition control circuit 42, the buck-boost control circuit 46, F Applied to ET51.
- the voltage from the main storage battery 10 and Z or the generator 1 boosted by the voltage conversion circuit 20 is stored in the backup capacitor 13 via the resistor 12.
- the capacitor 13 is connected to the terminal 40 a of the control circuit 40 via the diode 15, and the constant current circuit 4 of the thermal battery ignition circuit 4 1 A voltage is applied to the switching element 4 1 a 1 of 1 a, and the capacitor 13 is connected to the terminal 40 d of the control circuit 40 via the diode 16.
- the constant current circuit of the thermal battery ignition circuit 41 41 1a, thermal battery ignition control circuit 42, buck-boost control circuit 46, apply voltage to FET 51.
- the boosted voltage of the capacitor 13 is applied to the constant current circuit 41 a of the thermal battery ignition circuit 41, the thermal battery ignition control circuit 42, and the step-up / down control circuit 46, so that the thermal battery ignition circuit 41 becomes operable.
- the voltage of the capacitor 13 applied to the terminal 40 d of the control circuit 40 is also applied to the resistors 43 a and 43 b. Is done. This voltage is divided by the resistors 43 a and 43 b and applied to one end of the ignition device 30 via the terminal 40 b of the control circuit 40. This voltage is not for starting the igniter 30 but for flowing a small current to the igniter 30 and the resistor 43c. For this reason, the voltage of the terminal 40e of the control circuit 40 becomes a voltage slightly higher than the ground voltage.
- the diagnostic circuit 44 In addition to the voltage of the terminal 40 b and the terminal 40 e of the control circuit 40, the diagnostic circuit 44 has a voltage between the regulation circuit 47 and the terminals 40 h and 40 i of the control circuit 40. A voltage is applied. Then, the diagnostic circuit 44 outputs these voltages to the microcomputer 60 via the terminal 40 j of the control circuit 40, and the microcomputer 60 that has received the signal from the diagnostic circuit 44 outputs the voltage. From these signals, it is determined whether or not the ignition control of the ignition device 30 is abnormal.
- the microcomputer 60 determines that the thermal battery activation device is normal. However, if the voltage output by the diagnostic circuit 44 is abnormal, such as a circuit disconnection or short circuit, the microphone computer 60 determines that the thermal battery activation device is abnormal, The time when this abnormality occurs is recorded, and an abnormality signal is output to the alarm 62. The alarm 62 issues an alarm based on this abnormality signal, and informs the operator that an abnormality has occurred in the thermal battery activation device.
- the microcomputer 60 determines that the thermal battery activation device is normal, the main storage battery 10 and / or the generator 1 (the main storage battery 10 and the When the vehicle is running due to rotation of tires or the like, the microcomputer 60 communicates via the terminal 60a of the microcomputer 60, A signal is issued to the terminal 40 g of the control circuit 40. This signal is input to the thermal battery ignition control circuit 42.
- the thermal battery ignition control circuit 42 to which the signal has been input outputs a control signal to the constant current circuit 41 a of the thermal battery ignition circuit 41 and applies a high-level signal to the FET 41 b. Switch FET 41b from off to on.
- the constant current circuit 41 a of the thermal battery ignition circuit 41 generates a constant current using the capacitor 13 via the terminal 40 a of the control circuit 40 as a power supply.
- the FET 41 b is Since it is in the ON state as described above, the constant current generated by the constant current circuit 41 a of the thermal battery ignition circuit 41 flows to the ignition device 30, thereby activating the thermal battery.
- the first reference voltage V ref 1 of the regulator circuit 47 is also used.
- the power supply line 11 is disconnected for any reason, it is possible to control the mobile unit equipped with the by-wire type control means. I can no longer do it.
- the comparator 45 of the disconnection detection circuit 45 becomes a step-up / step-down control circuit 4.
- the buck-boost control circuit 46 that has output the low-level signal passes through the terminal 40n of the control circuit 40.
- a low-level signal is output to the gate of FET22 to keep the FET22 off, while a low-level signal is applied to the gate of F FT23 via the terminal 40m of the control circuit 40.
- a high-level signal that repeats the pulse signal to turn on and off the FET 23 periodically.
- the coil 21, the FET 23, and the diode 25 of the voltage conversion circuit 20 step down the voltage of the backup capacitor 13 and apply the stepped-down voltage to the terminal 40 c of the control circuit 40. I do.
- stepped-down voltages are respectively used as a thermal battery ignition control circuit 42, a disconnection detection circuit 45, a comparator 45a, a disconnection detection circuit 45, a reference voltage generator 45d, a step-up / step-down control circuit 46, and a regulator. Used as power supply for overnight 47, Inva overnight circuit 48. Therefore, these circuits can continue to operate properly even if the power supply line 11 is disconnected for some reason.
- the voltage of the capacitor 13 that has not been stepped down depends on the constant current circuit 41 of the thermal battery ignition circuit 41, the switching element 41 a of the thermal battery ignition circuit 41, the thermal battery ignition control circuit 42, and the buck-boost control circuit 46.
- the thermal battery activation device can operate even when the power supply line 11 is disconnected for some reason, and activates the thermal battery which is a backup power source, and uses the thermal battery as a power source in a bi-wire type. Enable control.
- the high-level signal inverted by the inverter circuit 48 is applied to the FETs 51 and 52, and the FETs 51 and 52 are turned off. become.
- the FET 51 is turned off, the capacitor 13 and the resistance circuit 43 are cut off, so that no diagnostic current flows from the capacitor 13 to the ignition device 30 and the resistance circuit 43.
- diagnosis is made by turning off FET 52. No voltage is applied to the circuit 44. In this way, if the power supply line 11 is disconnected for any reason, the power consumption of the capacitor 13 can be suppressed, so that an indispensable circuit for starting the thermal battery activation device is provided. It can be operated for a longer time.
- This thermal battery activation device is provided with a circuit as shown in Fig. 19, and differs from the one shown in Fig. 18 in that when the power supply line 11 is disconnected, a voltage is applied to the resistance circuit 43 and the diagnostic circuit 44.
- the connection positions of the FETs 51a and 52a for cutting off the application of voltage are different.
- the microcomputer 60 shown in FIG. 18 is omitted, and those having the same functions as those in FIG. 18 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is given. Is omitted.
- the resistance 43a of the resistance circuit 43 is directly connected to the terminal 40d of the control circuit 40, and the resistance 43b of the resistance circuit 43 is connected to the terminal 40b of the control circuit 40.
- the other side is connected to the resistor 43 c of the resistor circuit 43.
- the resistance 43 c of the resistance circuit 43 is connected to the terminal 40 e of the control circuit 40, while the other side is connected to the resistance 43 b of the resistance circuit 43.
- the diagnostic circuit 44 is directly connected to the terminal 40c of the control circuit 40, and the diagnostic circuit 44 is grounded via the FET 52a.
- these FETs 51a and 52a are N-channel FETs, and turn on when a high-level signal is applied to the gate, and turn off when a low-level signal is applied to the gate. It is in a state. Therefore, the inverter circuit 48 shown in FIG. 1 can be omitted.
- the comparator 45a of the disconnection detection circuit 45 outputs a single-level signal, and both the FET 51a and the FET 52a are turned off, and the control When the power supply from the terminals 40 d and 40 c of the circuit 40 is cut off, the operation of the resistance circuit 43 and the diagnosis circuit 44 is stopped, and the power consumption is suppressed.
- the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 has the same effect as the embodiment shown in FIG.
- This thermal battery activation device has a circuit as shown in FIG. 20. Unlike the one shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, the second ignition device is added to the first ignition device 30. The ignition of the device 30A can also be controlled, and the reliability of activation of the thermal battery is improved.
- the capacitor 13 for controlling the first ignition device 30, the voltage conversion circuit 20, the control circuit 40, and the like are almost the same as those in the embodiment shown in FIG. 18, but the control circuit 40 includes an inverter.
- a terminal 4 Op for outputting the output signal of the evening circuit 48 to the outside is provided. Parts having the same function are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. Also in this case, the microcomputer 60 is omitted as in the embodiment shown in FIG.
- the control circuit 40A of the second ignition device 30A shown in FIG. 20 is also configured by a semiconductor integrated circuit, like the control circuit 40 of the first ignition device 30.
- the control circuit 4 OA of the second ignition device 3 OA has a thermal battery ignition circuit 41 similar to the control circuit 40 for the first ignition device 30, a thermal battery ignition control circuit 42, Equipped with an anti-circuit 43, a diagnostic circuit 44, a regi-yure 47, a FET 51, a FET 52, and terminals 40a to 40j. Electric power is supplied to the control circuit 4 OA of the second ignition device 30 A from the capacitor 13 and the voltage conversion circuit 20, similarly to the control circuit 40 of the first ignition device 30.
- control circuit 40A of the second ignition device 30A does not include the disconnection detection circuit 45 and the step-up / step-down control circuit 46, and is connected to the terminal 40p newly provided in the control circuit 40.
- the terminal 40 q is provided.
- the terminal 40q is connected to the gate of the FET 51 and the FET 52 in the control circuit 40A of the second ignition device 3OA.
- the ignition of the ignition device 3OA and diagnosis of abnormality are controlled in the same manner as the embodiments shown in FIGS.
- the control circuit 40A the disconnection of the power supply line 11 is not detected, and the detection of the disconnection of the power supply line 11 by the control circuit 40 causes the operation of the resistance circuit 43 and the diagnostic circuit 44 to be performed. Stop is controlled.
- the ignition of the plurality of ignition devices 30 and 30A can be accurately controlled, and the diagnosis of the ignition devices 30 and 30A can also be accurately performed. In addition, even when the power supply line 11 is disconnected, it is possible to suppress the consumption of the power stored in the backup capacitor 13.
- control circuit similar to the control circuit 40A shown in FIG. 20 is connected in parallel with the control circuit 40 as shown in FIG. 20, more ignition devices can be easily ignition-controlled, and the thermal battery The reliability of the activation device can be improved.
- the FET 51 and the FET 52 are provided on the ground side as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 19, and when the power supply line 11 is disconnected, The operation and stop of the resistance circuit 43 and the diagnostic circuit 44 can also be controlled. In this case, the output of the comparator 45a of the disconnection detection circuit 45 may be directly applied to the terminal 40p of the control circuit 40.
- the terminal 4 of the control circuit 40 In the example shown above, FET 51, FET 52, FET 51a, and FET 52a were used to cut off the supply of power from terminal 0c and terminal 40d.
- a switching element other than the FET, such as a relay switch, can also be used.
- a vehicle power supply device 1 (hereinafter, also simply referred to as a power supply device 1) is configured for a hybrid electric vehicle.
- a generator 42 driven by an engine a traveling motor 5 drivingly connected to driving wheels of the vehicle, and a main power supply configured to supply power to the traveling motor 5 are provided.
- the battery 2 is mounted, and the vehicle is driven by driving the driving motor 5 with electric power from the generator 42 or the main battery 2, while regenerative braking can be performed during braking.
- the main battery 2 is connected to the driving mode 5 via the inverter 6, while the generator 42 is connected to the inverter 6 and the main battery 2 via the comparator 43.
- An engine 41 is connected to and driven by the generator 42, and the electric power of the generator 42 is transmitted to the traveling motor 5 and the main battery 2 via the converter 43. It is configured to be supplied.
- an auxiliary battery 4 made of, for example, a lead storage battery or another battery is provided.
- This auxiliary battery 4 is a DC / DC converter 3 (hereinafter referred to as a DC converter) that constitutes a transformer. It is also connected to the main battery 2 through the DC converter 3 and the DC converter 3 changes the voltage level of the power supply system for traveling from the voltage level of the power supply system for auxiliary equipment to the voltage level of the power supply system for auxiliary equipment.
- the auxiliary battery 4 is used to control an electric brake system (to be described later), an electric power steering, a motor controller (not shown) for controlling a driving motor 5, and a generator 42.
- Auxiliary electrical components such as control electrical components such as a generator controller (not shown) are connected as a load 40.
- the electric power stored in the main battery 2 is supplied to the traveling motor 5 via the impeller 6 and the traveling motor 1
- the electric wheel can be driven by rotating the driving wheel 11 that is drivingly connected to the electric vehicle 2.
- the vehicle travels eight times, driving the engine 18 to operate the generator 42, and storing the generated power in the main battery 2 while storing the power in the main battery 2.
- Electric power is supplied to the traveling motor 5 via 6 and the traveling motor 5 can be driven to drive the vehicle.
- regenerative power generated in the drive motor 5 by the regenerative braking is supplied to the main battery 2 and the DC converter 3 via the inverter 6.
- the electric power stored in the main battery 2 is transformed and stored in the auxiliary battery 4 by the DC converter 3, and the various loads 40 are supplied to the DC converter 3 and It can be operated by the electric power supplied from the auxiliary battery 4. Further, at the time of regenerative braking, regenerative power is transformed by the DC converter 3 in addition to the power stored in the main battery 2 and supplied to the auxiliary battery 4 and the load 40.
- the power supply device 1 is composed of a main battery 2 and an auxiliary battery 4 configured as batteries, a generator 42 for generating power under the establishment of predetermined conditions, and a driving motor 5. It functions as a main power supply that is used during normal times, and in addition to those main power supplies, the power of that main power supply
- the thermal battery 10 is provided as a standby power supply that supplies power to the load 40 only when an abnormality in supply is detected.
- the vehicle power supply device 1 includes an auxiliary battery 4 and a DC converter 3.
- the power supply is always supplied to the load 40.
- a main power supply abnormality detecting means for detecting the abnormality of the power supply a voltage level of the DC converter 3 and the auxiliary battery 4 is used. Is provided.
- a terminal A for detecting the voltage level of the DC converter 3 and a terminal B for detecting the voltage level of the auxiliary battery 4 are provided, respectively. I have. Then, the voltage levels of these terminals A and B can be detected for each terminal, and it is configured to determine whether the voltage levels of these terminals are equal to or higher than a predetermined reference value.
- FIG. 21 shows a configuration in which an auxiliary power supply for auxiliary equipment 33, which is a power supply means for auxiliary equipment, is provided.
- the auxiliary power supply for auxiliary equipment 33 is also a part of the main power supply. Functions as a department. Therefore, the main power supply abnormality may be determined by detecting the output voltage level of the auxiliary machine alternator 33.
- the voltage level of the terminal C is determined by the voltage determination circuit 20 via a detection line (not shown). It is also possible.
- a configuration may be adopted in which such an auxiliary machine alternative 33 is not provided.
- the abnormality detection configuration shown here is only an example, and it is possible to detect the voltage level of only the DC compa- nator 3 or the auxiliary battery 4 or the auxiliary alternator 33 only. Good.
- An abnormality detection method other than the voltage detection method may be used.
- a method may be used in which the number of rotations of the generator 42 or the auxiliary alternator 33 is detected and these abnormalities are determined based on the number of rotations.
- the power from the main power supply Various configurations can be adopted as long as the configuration detects a power supply abnormality.
- the specific configuration of the voltage determination circuit 20 may be any configuration as long as it can detect whether or not the output voltage level of the DC converter 3 or the auxiliary battery 4 is equal to or higher than a predetermined reference value.
- the output voltage of the DC converter 3 and the auxiliary battery 4 can be detected by a comparison circuit that compares the output voltage with a predetermined reference voltage.
- a comparison circuit that compares the output voltage with a predetermined reference voltage.
- the control circuit 30 activates the thermal battery 10 based on the output signal, and based on the signal, by a control method described later.
- the thermal battery 10 configured as described above is configured such that when the ignition terminal 11 is energized, the ignition ball 15 (FIG. 23) is ignited and activated.
- the ignition terminal 11 is energized by turning on the switch SW1.
- the switch SW1 When the switch SW1 is turned on, the starting power is supplied from the DC converter 3, the auxiliary battery 4, and the like.
- the starting power is supplied to the thermal battery 10 from the auxiliary power source (running motor 5, electric motor 42, etc.) other than the battery (main battery 2, auxiliary battery 4). This ensures that the thermal battery 10 is started regardless of the remaining capacity of the battery.
- the starting power is supplied by both the auxiliary power supply means and the battery.
- the starting power may be supplied only by the auxiliary power supply means.
- the auxiliary power supply is indispensable for supplying power for starting.
- the electric power from the running motor 5 and the generator 42 is mainly used, and the ignition current is supplied to the ignition terminal 11 via the ignition line 19.
- a capacitor C1 connected in parallel with the auxiliary battery 4 is provided.
- the capacitor C 1 is configured to be connected in parallel to the main power supply via a charging resistor R 1, and is charged by the main power supply.
- the ignition line 19 is provided with a diode D 2 for preventing backflow.
- a diode D4 for rapid discharge is connected in parallel with the charging resistor R1, and when the switch SW1 is turned on while the capacitor C1 is charged, the diode D4 And discharges rapidly to the ignition terminal 11. Note that a configuration without using the charging resistor R1 and the diode D4 may be used, or a configuration without such a capacitor C1 may be used.
- an output line 24 is provided from the output terminal 12 of the thermal battery 10 to the load 40, and a switch SW2 is interposed between the output terminal 12 and the load 40.
- the switch SW 2 When the switch SW 2 is turned on, the output current from the thermal battery 10 is supplied to the load 40.
- the output terminals 1 2 are not shown here, the output terminals 1 2
- a starting generator 35 for starting the thermal battery 10 is independently provided as an auxiliary power supply means (FIG. 22).
- the other parts are almost the same as those of the first embodiment, and therefore the description is omitted.
- the starting generator 35 can be configured as an alternator (AC generator) or a dynamo (DC generator).
- AC generator alternator
- DC generator dynamo
- it can be configured to be driven by an engine.
- the present invention may be applied to a fuel cell vehicle (including a fuel cell hybrid vehicle).
- the thermal battery 10 is configured as an emergency power source for auxiliary equipment.
- the thermal battery 10 is configured as an emergency power source for traveling, and power is supplied from the thermal battery 10 to the traveling motor 5 in an emergency. You may comprise so that it can be performed.
- the electric vehicle including the driving motor and the hybrid electric vehicle have been described.
- the power supply device may be used for a vehicle that does not include the driving motor and drives the wheels only with the engine. Good.
- FIG. 24 is a first example showing a circuit of the thermal battery activation device provided in the power supply device of this configuration.
- the main power supply of this circuit is composed of a generator 1 and a main storage battery 11.
- the generator 1 is generally an AC generator, but if it is mounted on a mobile object, it is often used as a DC power supply, in which case a rectifier (not shown) generates the AC generator. It is common to rectify the current that flows. While the moving body is moving, generator 1 is an internal combustion engine not shown. The power is supplied to various electrical components provided in the moving body by the power supply, and the generator 1 charges the main storage battery 11.
- the negative electrode 1N of the generator 1 and the negative electrode 11N of the main storage battery 11 are grounded to the vehicle body.
- the circuit shown in FIG. 24 includes a first capacitor 12 and a second capacitor 13.
- the positive electrode 12 P of the first capacitor 12 is connected to the positive electrode 1 P of the generator 1 and the positive electrode 11 P of the main battery 11, and the negative electrode 12 N of the first capacitor 12 is connected to the vehicle body. Grounded.
- the positive electrode 13 P of the second capacitor 13 is connected to the positive electrode 1 P of the generator 1 and the positive electrode IIP of the main storage battery 11 via the positive current limiting resistor 14, and the second capacitor 13 P
- the negative electrode 13 N is grounded via the negative-side current limiting resistor 15.
- the circuit shown in FIG. 24 further includes a thermal battery activation circuit 16.
- the terminal 16 P on the positive electrode side of the thermal battery activation circuit 16 is connected to the main storage battery 11 and Z or the voltage sensor 17 that detects the voltage drop of the generator 1 and closes electrically. And the positive electrode 11 P of the main storage battery 11. This is to prevent the operation of the thermal battery activation circuit 16 caused by the malfunction of the control unit 10 by the voltage sensor 17.
- the negative terminal 16 N of the thermal battery activation circuit 16 and the positive electrode 13 P of the second capacitor 13 are connected via the diode 18.
- the diode 18 has its anode connected to the negative terminal 16 N of the thermal battery activation circuit 16 and its power source connected to the positive electrode 13 P of the capacitor 13.
- the circuit shown in FIG. 24 includes an NPN transistor 19.
- the collector 19 C of the NPN transistor 19 is connected to the positive electrode 13 P of the second capacitor 13, the emitter 19 E of the NPN transistor 19 is grounded, and the base 19 of the NPN transistor 19 is connected.
- B is connected to the control unit 10.
- the NPN transistor 19 functions as a switch for grounding the positive electrode 13 P of the second capacitor 13.
- the control unit 10 shown in FIG. 24 is configured by a logic circuit such as a microcomputer, and when detecting a drop in the voltage of the main storage batteries 11 and Z or the generator 1, the base unit of the NPN transistor 19 is detected. Apply bias voltage to 19 B.
- the NPN transistor 19 with the bias voltage applied to the base 19 B can flow current. That is, the NPN transistor 19 functions as a main switch.
- FIGS. 25 (A) to 25 (C) are equivalent circuits for explaining the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. (A) shows the case where both the first capacitor 12 and the second capacitor 13 are normal, and (B) shows the case where a failure has occurred on the negative electrode 13 N side of the second capacitor 13 (C) shows a case where a failure has occurred on the positive electrode 12 P side of the first capacitor 12.
- the broken lines in Fig. 25 (A) to (C) indicate that they are not operating.
- both the voltage sensor 17 and the NPN transistor 19 are closed.
- the first capacitor 12 and the second capacitor 13 are substantially connected in series, and the voltage of the main storage battery 11 is about twice as large as the thermal battery activation circuit 16. Voltage can be applied.
- FIG. 26 is a second example showing the circuit of the thermal battery activation device provided in the power supply device of this configuration.
- the same components as those in the embodiment shown in FIG. 24 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and differences from FIG. 24 will be described.
- the generator 1 and the main storage battery 11 are connected to the converter 30 and the voltage boosted from the voltage of the generator 1 and the main storage battery 11 is applied to the thermal battery activation circuit 16. It is configured to be applied to
- the circuit shown in FIG. 26 includes a negative voltage protection diode 32 and a second NPN transistor 31 functioning as a sub-switch.
- the anode of the negative voltage protection diode 32 is connected to the negative terminal 16 N of the thermal battery activation circuit 16, and the cathode of the negative voltage protection diode 32 is the collector of the second NPN transistor 31. Connected to C.
- the emitter 31 E of the second NPN transistor 31 is grounded, and the base 31 B of the second NPN transistor 31 is connected to the control unit 10.
- the control unit 10 When detecting the voltage drop of the main storage battery 11 and / or the generator 1, the control unit 10 first applies a bias voltage to the base 3 1B of the second NPN transistor 3 1 1 allows current to flow.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the circuit shown in FIG. 26.
- the horizontal axis represents time
- the vertical axis represents the current flowing through the thermal battery activation circuit 16. It is assumed that in order to operate the thermal battery activation circuit 16 reliably, it is necessary to continuously supply a current equal to or greater than the predetermined value i S for a time equal to or greater than the predetermined value t S.
- the first capacitor 12 and the second capacitor 13 have relatively small capacities, they are charged by the converter 30 so as to be charged at a high voltage. Charged. Therefore, when the voltage drop of the main storage battery 11 and / or the generator 1 is detected, the voltage sensor 17 is closed, and the second NPN truck is closed. When the transistor 31 becomes capable of conducting current, the voltage of the first capacitor 12 is applied to the thermal battery activation circuit 16.
- the control unit 10 sets the NPN transistor 19 to a state in which current can flow after a predetermined time t2 has elapsed since the detection of the voltage drop of the main storage battery 11 and / or the generator 1, and sets the second capacitor 1
- the electric charge stored in 3 is applied to the thermal battery activation circuit 16.
- the electric charge stored in the capacitor 13 at the time t2 is superimposed, and the thermal battery activation circuit 16 can be reliably operated.
- the time t 2 at which the NPN transistor 19 can flow current is adjusted so that the lower the voltage of the main storage battery 11 and the power of the generator 1 is, the earlier the time is. . This is because the current using the capacitor 12 as a power source is reduced early, whereby the supply of energy to the thermal battery activation circuit 16 can be further ensured.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an ignition current limiting circuit 10 showing a first example according to the present configuration.
- the ignition current limiting circuit 10 includes a semiconductor integrated circuit 11, a thermal battery activation circuit 12, a capacitor 19, a main storage battery 17, and a pull-down resistor 21.
- the semiconductor integrated circuit 11 includes an ignition drive circuit 13 connected to the thermal battery activation circuit 12, a reference power supply 15, and a reference current detection.
- a circuit 16 and an ignition current detection circuit 20 are provided.
- the ignition drive circuit 13 includes an NPN-type ignition transistor 14.
- Electric power supplied to the ignition current limiting circuit 10 is supplied from a main storage battery 17 mounted on the vehicle, a generator (not shown), and the like.
- a predetermined value more preferably, the moving object is moving
- the thermal battery activation device activates the thermal battery ignition ball.
- the thermal battery activation circuit 12 it is necessary to activate the thermal battery even if the cable connected to the main storage battery and / or the generator breaks while the moving object is moving for some reason. Even in such a case, the ignition current can flow to the thermal battery activation circuit 12 by the main storage battery 17 and the capacitor 19 that temporarily stores the electric charge from the generator.
- the reference voltage generated by the reference voltage source 15 causes a constant reference current to flow through a pull-down resistor 21 connected to the outside of the semiconductor integrated circuit 11, and the reference current is used as a reference.
- the current detection circuit 16 Detected by the current detection circuit 16. Then, by controlling the ignition transistor 14 by comparing the ignition current with the reference current, the ignition current is controlled so as to be within a predetermined range (see FIG. 29 for the reference current detection circuit 16 and the ignition current). Details of the current detection circuit 20 are shown in Fig. 29. These circuits 16 and 20 are composed of a single current mirror circuit in Fig. 29.
- the comparison circuit 25 compares the outputs of the two current mirror circuits. The comparison controls the ignition transistor 14.
- the current mirror circuit 30 constituting the reference current detection circuit 16 includes PNP transistors 31 and 32, and their emitter and base are connected in common.
- the base is commonly connected to this collector, so that the other PNP transistor 32 and the other PNP transistor 32 PNP transistor 3 1 Emmit Evening
- a current corresponding to the current flowing between the emitter and the collector flows between the emitter and the collector.
- This current generates a predetermined voltage across the resistor 33.
- the current mirror circuit 40 constituting the ignition current detection circuit 20 includes PNP transistors 41 and 42 in which the emitter and the base are connected in common.
- the emitter and the base of the transistors 31 and 32 and 41 and 42 have the same ratio as the emitter and the base of the transistors 31 and 41. Since the current corresponding to the current flowing between the collector and the collector flows between the emitter and the collector of the other transistor 32, 42, the ratio of the junction area between the emitter and the base, the resistance 33, and the resistance By appropriately setting the resistance value ratio of 43, the comparison circuit 25 can compare the reference current with the ignition current.
- the resistors 33 and 43 integrated inside the semiconductor integrated circuit 11 have a large variation in the absolute value of the resistance value as described above, but are integrated inside the semiconductor integrated circuit 11. This method of setting the ratio of the resistance values of the resistors 33 and 43 enables accurate comparison between the reference current and the ignition current. Become.
- FIG. 30 is a schematic configuration of an ignition current limiting circuit 50 showing a second example according to the present configuration.
- This ignition current limiting circuit 50 includes a thermal battery activation circuit 12, a capacitor 19, and a semiconductor integrated circuit 51 in the same manner as shown in FIG.
- the semiconductor integrated circuit 51 includes an ignition drive circuit 53, a current detection resistor 55, a voltage detection circuit 56, a constant current source 57, a pull-down resistor 58, and a voltage detection circuit.
- An output circuit 59 is provided.
- a constant current source 57 provided in the semiconductor integrated circuit 51 allows a constant current to flow through a pull-down resistor 58 provided in the semiconductor integrated circuit 51, and a voltage generated thereby is detected by a voltage detection circuit. 5 9 detects. Based on the voltage value detected by the voltage detection circuit 59, the voltage detection circuit 56 reads the voltage drop value generated at the current detection resistor 55 when the ignition current flows, thereby limiting the ignition current. Also in this case, the resistors 55 and 58 provided in the semiconductor integrated circuit 51 have large variations in the absolute values of the resistance values, but as described in the example of FIG. Since the variation can be reduced, the ignition current can be accurately limited.
- FIG. 31 is a schematic configuration of an ignition current limiting circuit 60 showing a third example according to the present configuration.
- This ignition current limiting circuit 60 includes a thermal battery activating circuit 12, a capacitor 19, a semiconductor integrated circuit 61, and a time limiting means 64 in the same manner as that shown in FIG.
- the semiconductor integrated circuit 51 includes a reference power supply 15, an ignition drive circuit 53, a current detection circuit 62, a current limit switch 63, and a voltage detection circuit 65.
- the time limiting means 64 includes an integrating circuit in which the resistor 66 and the capacitor 67 are connected in series.
- the current detection circuit 62 detects the ignition current and controls the ignition transistor 14 provided in the ignition drive circuit 53.
- the current limit switch 63 detects the limit current between the reference power supply 15 and the current detection circuit 62.
- the time limit means 64 derives a voltage output corresponding to the duration of the reference voltage supplied from the reference power supply 15 by the operation of the current limit switch 63.
- the voltage detection circuit 65 detects the output voltage of the time limiting means 64.
- the voltage detection circuit 65 detects the output of the capacitor 67, which is charged by the time constant of the resistor 66 and the capacitor 67 via the resistor 66. Detect charging voltage. When the charge voltage of the capacitor 67 exceeds a predetermined threshold, the voltage detection circuit 65 Rungis works to cut off evening 14.
- the predetermined time can be changed by changing the resistance value of the resistor 66 and the capacitance of the capacitor 67 provided in the time limiting means 64.
- FIG. 32 is a schematic configuration of an ignition current limiting circuit 70 showing a fourth example according to this configuration.
- This ignition current limiting circuit 70 includes a thermal battery activating circuit 12, a capacitor 19, a semiconductor integrated circuit 71, and a time limiting means 74 in the same manner as that shown in FIG.
- the semiconductor integrated circuit 71 includes a reference power supply 15, an ignition drive circuit 53, a current detection circuit 62, and a current limit switch.
- the time limiting means 74 comprises a plurality of capacitors 76, 77,
- the time limiting means 7 4 is an external integrating circuit of the semiconductor integrated circuit 7 1, and the capacitor 7 6,
- the time constant can be changed by the switching switch 79 between 77 and 78, the energizing time of the ignition transistor 14 provided in the ignition drive circuit 53 can be arbitrarily changed.
- the switching switch 79 can be controlled by a micro computer.
- FIG. 33 is a schematic configuration of an ignition current limiting circuit 80 showing a fifth example according to the present configuration.
- This ignition current limiting circuit 80 also includes a thermal battery activating circuit 12, a capacitor 19, a semiconductor integrated circuit 6, and a time limiting means 64, as shown in FIG.
- the semiconductor integrated circuit 51 includes a reference power supply 15, an ignition drive circuit 53, a current detection circuit 62, a current limit switch 63, a voltage detection circuit 65, and an invalid switch 82 and an enable terminal. .
- portions corresponding to those shown in FIG. 31 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and a description thereof will be partially omitted.
- the invalidation switch 82 is for invalidating the time control of the ignition current conduction time by the time limiting means 64 connected to the outside by an external input.
- the entire thermal battery activation device When the computer for controlling the microphone applies a signal to the enable input of the invalid switch 82, the time control by the externally connected time limiting means 64 does not operate, and the microcomputer controls the thermal battery activation circuit 12 from the microcomputer. Only the “ignition OF F” command to end ignition is valid. This makes it possible to flexibly cope with a case where the ignition time needs to be changed.
- the present invention is not limited to the NPN transistor, and a PNP transistor, a MOS FET, etc. may be used depending on the circuit. It is also possible to use various switching elements.
- the reference current detection circuit 16 and the ignition current detection circuit 20 show examples of current mirror circuits 30 and 40 using PNP transistors, but the transistors used in this current mirror circuit also use PNP transistors. Not only transistors but also other types of transistors can be used.
- An example of an electronic control system to which the present invention is applied is an electric brake system 50 as shown in Fig. 35.
- the electric brake system 50 when the driver operates the pedal 51, the pedaling force is reduced.
- the sensor 52 detects the treading force, and transmits an electric signal corresponding to the treading force to the brake ECU 53 via a communication line.
- the brake ECU 53 can be configured to include, for example, a microcomputer and various ICs.
- the brake ECU 53 controls an electric motor 54 provided for each wheel according to an electric signal transmitted from the treading force sensor 52. Control, and the brake pads are The wheel is pressed against the wheel to obtain the wheel braking force.
- the electric brake system 50 has a configuration in which electric power generated by the battery 14 and the alternator 33 is supplied via the power supply control device 1.
- FIG. 34 is a circuit diagram showing a main part of the vehicle power supply device according to the first example of the present embodiment.
- a power supply 1 includes a battery 4 composed of, for example, a lead storage battery and an alternator 3 for supplying power to a load 40 composed of an electronic control system such as a bi-wire control system such as an electric brake system.
- the main power supply consisting of the main power supply 3 and the main power supply abnormality detecting means for detecting abnormality of the main power supply. (Corresponding to the detection means).
- the voltage determination circuit 20 is provided with a terminal A for detecting the voltage level of the alternator 33 and a terminal B for detecting the voltage level of the battery 4.
- a thermal battery 10 is provided to supply power to the load 40 when an abnormality in the main power supply is detected by the voltage judgment circuit 20, so that power can be supplied even if the main power supply is abnormal.
- the configuration is as follows. Further, after the abnormality is detected by the voltage determination circuit 20 and before the power supply by the thermal battery 10 starts up, the capacitor C 2 as a sub-power supply means for supplying power to the load 40 is provided. The power supply is not interrupted in the initial stage when the power supply is started by the thermal battery 10.
- the abnormality detection configuration shown here is only an example. It may be configured to detect the voltage level of only the battery 33 or the battery 4 only.
- An abnormality detection method other than the voltage detection method may be used.For example, a method of detecting the rotation speed of the alternator 33 and determining the abnormality of the alternator 33 based on the rotation speed may be used. May be used. In any case, various configurations can be adopted as long as the configuration detects an abnormality in power supply from the main power supply.
- the specific configuration of the voltage detection circuit 20 is only required to be able to detect whether or not the voltage level of the alternator 33 and the battery 4 is equal to or higher than a predetermined reference value, and various configurations are possible.
- It can be configured to detect the voltage of the battery 4 with a comparison circuit that compares the voltage of the battery 4 with a predetermined reference voltage.
- a comparison circuit that compares the voltage of the battery 4 with a predetermined reference voltage.
- the voltage determination circuit 20 sends the main power supply to the control circuit 30.
- a signal indicating abnormality is output, and the control circuit 30 activates the thermal battery 10 based on the signal by a control method described later.
- thermal battery 10 is a high-temperature battery using molten salt for the electrolyte.
- a heating agent is arranged inside the battery, and the heating agent is ignited and burned when necessary. It is configured to be activated by melting an inorganic salt that is solid and nonconductive at room temperature.
- a plurality of unit cells 17 are stacked via a heating agent layer 18 and sealed in a container 16 to form a heat cell 10.
- This thermal battery 10 is provided with ignition terminals 11 (terminals 11 A and 11 B) for ignition, and a heat insulating material 23 for keeping heat is arranged around the unit cell 17. ing.
- the electrolyte generally includes a eutectic salt having a composition of L i C 1 -K C 1, a composition of KB r -L i B r -L i C l, a composition of L i B r -KB r -L i F, and a composition of L i B
- a thermal battery 10 is suitable as an emergency power supply because it is solid before activation, has almost no self-discharge, and can be stored for a long period of time.
- the exothermic agent a mixture of an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent that generates little gas due to combustion can be used. Then, in the activated state, high output discharge is possible due to the high ionic conductivity of the molten salt.
- V205, W3, CaCrO4, FeS2, etc. are used as the positive electrode active material, and Mg, Ca, Li, Li alloy, etc. are used as the negative electrode active material.
- Mg, Ca, Li, Li alloy, etc. are used as the negative electrode active material.
- the thermal battery 10 configured as described above, by passing an ignition current to the ignition terminal 11, the thermal battery 10 is activated, and the positive terminal 12 A and the negative terminal of the output terminal 12 are activated. An electromotive force is generated during 12 B, and power can be supplied to the load 40 (Fig.
- the thermal battery 10 is provided with a thermal fuse 14 that is cut in a high temperature state (for example, a hundred and several tens of degrees).
- a high temperature state for example, a hundred and several tens of degrees.
- the temperature fuse 14 for example, a low-melting-point metal or a combination of a resin and an electric contact is used. Then, when the heating agent is ignited and burned in the thermal battery 10, the temperature inside the thermal battery 10 becomes high and the thermal fuse 14 is cut off. It is possible to determine whether the temperature has reached the high temperature state, that is, whether it has already been ignited and used. In the example of FIG. 34, the temperature fuse for detecting the state of the thermal fuse 14 is used.
- the fuse state detecting means 22 is connected to the fuse terminal 13 (positive terminal 13 A, negative terminal 13 B) corresponding to the thermal fuse 14.
- the temperature fuse state detecting means 22 is configured to detect whether the temperature fuse 14 is in a cut state, and to output an abnormal signal to the control circuit 30 when the temperature fuse 14 is cut. is there.
- a configuration can be adopted in which a minute current is caused to flow through the line of the thermal fuse 14 and the minute current is detected by a current detection circuit.
- the line of thermal fuse 14 If a current is detected in, the thermal battery 10 is considered to be in a connected state, and if no current is detected, the thermal battery 10 is determined to be unusable, and an abnormal signal is sent to the control circuit 30. Will be output.
- the example shown here is only an example, and the circuit configuration allows the cutoff state of the thermal fuse 14 to be detected.
- the thermal battery 10 configured as described above is configured such that when the ignition terminal 11 is energized, the ignition ball 15 (FIG. 23) is ignited to be in an activated state.
- the ignition terminal 11 is energized by turning on the switch SW1.
- the ignition current is supplied by the ignition line 19 connected to the power supply line ⁇ configured to continue from the main power supply to the load 40.
- an ignition capacitor C1 connected in parallel with these main power supplies is provided.
- the ignition capacitor C1 is configured to be connected in parallel to a main power supply via a charging resistor R1, and is charged by the main power supply.
- the ignition line 19 is provided with a diode D 2 for preventing backflow. Furthermore, a diode D4 for rapid discharge is connected in parallel with the resistor R1 for charging, and when the switch SW1 is turned on while the capacitor C1 for ignition is being charged, this switch is turned on. The ignition terminal 11 is rapidly energized through the diode D4, and the thermal battery 10 is started. Note that a configuration in which the charging resistor R1 and the diode D4 are not used may be employed.
- an output line 24 is provided from the output terminal 12 of the thermal battery 10 to the load 40, and a switch SW2 is interposed between the output terminal 12 and the load 40. Then, when this switch SW 2 is turned on, The output current from the thermal battery 10 is supplied from the positive terminal 12 A of the output terminal 12 to the load 40.
- a configuration is adopted in which a constant voltage circuit is interposed between the output terminal 12 of the thermal battery 10 and the load 40 to supply a constant voltage to the load. I can do it.
- a capacitor C2 is provided as a sub-power supply in a form electrically connected to the main power supply line 7 of the vehicle power supply 1, and the capacitor C2 is connected to the main power supply. It is configured to be charged by power supply. Further, one side of the capacitor C2 is grounded, and the other side is provided with a charging line 29 and a discharging line 28 branched from the terminal C, respectively.
- the charging line 29 is connected to the main power supply line 7 via a backflow preventing diode D3, and is energized in a direction from the main power supply to the capacitor C2.
- the discharge line 28 is connected to the output line 24 of the thermal battery 10 (the line extending from the output terminal 12 to the power supply line 7), and is electrically connected to the load 40 by turning on the switch SW2.
- the Rukoto is provided to the output line 24 of the thermal battery 10 (the line extending from the output terminal 12 to the power supply line 7), and is electrically connected to the load 40 by turning on the switch SW2.
- a charging resistor R2 is connected in series with the charging line 28, and a diode D5 for rapid discharge is connected in parallel with the charging resistor R2.
- the current from the main power supply is supplied to the capacitor C 2 via the charging resistor R 2, while at the time of discharging, it flows through the discharge line 28 via the diode D 5, and is shared with the thermal battery 10. It will be supplied to the load 40 via the output line 24.
- the charging resistor R2 and the rapid discharging diode D5 are provided, but these may not be provided.
- the configuration is such that the capacitor C2 is discharged by turning on the switch SW2 provided on the output line 24. However, a configuration in which the switch SW2 is not provided may be employed. ⁇ Next, an abnormality detection process during traveling will be described.
- the flow chart of FIG. 36 shows the flow of the abnormality detection processing in the control circuit 30. If the voltage determination circuit 20 detects that the voltage of the alternator 33 or the battery 4 has fallen below the predetermined value while the vehicle is running, the process proceeds to NO in S100 and proceeds to S110. Then, the disconnection state of the thermal fuse 14 in the thermal battery 10 is detected. If the temperature fuse 14 is in an abnormal state, that is, if the thermal fuse state detecting means 22 detects the disconnection of the thermal fuse 14, the process proceeds to YE S at S 120. At 0, an abnormal signal is output from the control circuit 30 to the outside. .
- an abnormal signal is output to a warning means 8 such as a display means (warning lamp or the like) for warning the driver or a voice means (warning buzzer or the like).
- a warning means 8 informs the driver of the abnormal state of the thermal battery 10.
- a signal for activating the switches SW1 and SW2 is output from the control circuit 30 in S140.
- the ignition current is supplied to the thermal battery 10, and power is supplied to the load 40 by the thermal battery 10 after starting.
- the control circuit 30 that performs such processing can be configured to include, for example, a microcomputer and various ICs.
- the processing shown in FIG. 36 is performed by software according to a predetermined program.
- the circuit may be configured to perform the operation in hardware.
- the abnormality detection processing of the thermal battery 10 such as S110, S120 and S130 is not performed, and when the main power supply abnormality occurs, the switch start signal is output immediately and the thermal battery 1 is output. 0 may be started.
- the control circuit 30 When a start signal for starting the switches SW1 and SW2 is generated, the electric charge accumulated in the capacitor C2 is immediately discharged prior to the rise of the thermal battery 10, and power is supplied to the load 40. Then, during the power supply by the capacitor C 2, the rising of the thermal battery 10 is completed and the output current is supplied to the load 40, so that the power supply to the load 40 is not interrupted.
- t Figure 3 7 will be maintained stably is a view to circuit diagram a main portion of a vehicle power supply device according to the second example embodiment.
- the configuration of the sub power supply means (capacitor C 2), the heat battery 10, the output line 24, and the charging line 29 is different from that of the second embodiment.
- the third embodiment is the same as the first embodiment, the different parts will be described.
- a thermal battery 10 internally provided with auxiliary power supply means that is, a capacitor C 2
- the ignition terminal 11 and the fuse terminal 13 are omitted.
- this thermal battery 10 has a configuration in which a charging terminal 26 is provided in addition to an ignition terminal 11 and an output terminal 12. As shown in Fig. 39, one positive terminal 26A is connected to the power supply line 7 via the charging line 29, and the other negative terminal 26B is grounded. At the time (that is, when the main power supply is normal), the capacitor C 2 provided inside the heat battery 10 is charged. When the main power supply is abnormal, the main electromotive force generator 31 of the heat battery 10 outputs the charge. Before the power supply is started, the discharge from the capacitor C 2 is started and the power is supplied from the output terminal 12. After startup, the power from main electromotive force generator 31 is output. It will be supplied from the input terminal 12. In addition, as a specific internal configuration, the one shown in FIG. 39 can be cited.
- a capacitor C2 and a charging terminal 26 are provided in the thermal battery 10, and a charging terminal 26 positive electrode terminal 26A and an output terminal 23 differs from the configuration in FIG. 23 in that a positive electrode terminal 12 A of 12 is internally connected at terminals C and D, and a discharge line 28 is arranged inside the battery.
- the other parts have the same configuration and function as those in FIG.
- FIG. 40 is a circuit diagram illustrating a main part of the vehicle power supply device according to the third example of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 41 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an internal circuit of the thermal battery used in the third embodiment.
- the third embodiment has a configuration similar to that of the second embodiment, that is, a configuration in which a capacitor C2 is provided inside a heat battery 10 as shown in FIG.
- a configuration is provided in which a charging resistor R 2 connected to the charging terminal 26 and a rapid discharging diode D 5 connected in parallel to the charging resistor R 2 are provided.
- the positive terminal 26 A of the charging terminal 26 is directly connected to the main power supply line 7.
- the specific circuit operation is the same as that of the first embodiment, but Is different from the first embodiment in that a heating resistor R 2 and a rapid discharge diode D 5 are provided inside the thermal battery 10, and these are configured as a unit integrated as the thermal battery 10. ing.
- a diode D3 for preventing backflow in the charging line 29 is provided inside the battery, so that no current flows from the charging terminal 26 to the power supply line 7 side. .
- a diode D3 for preventing backflow in the charging line 29 is provided inside the battery, so that no current flows from the charging terminal 26 to the power supply line 7 side.
- the power supply device 1 supplies power to an electronic control system (here, the load 40 corresponds).
- Battery 4 and battery 12 are provided as the main power supply.
- an abnormality in the power supply of the main power supply was detected.
- a thermal battery 10 As a main power supply abnormality detecting means for detecting an abnormality of the main power supply, a battery abnormality detecting means and an alternator abnormality detecting means are provided, while a thermal battery driving means for driving a thermal battery is provided.
- a thermal battery abnormality detecting means for detecting an abnormality of the thermal battery is provided, and the thermal battery abnormality detecting means detects the thermal battery abnormality before and / or after starting the vehicle. If the warning is given, drive by warning means 8 It is configured to warn a person. In this way, stable power supply is realized by detecting not only the abnormality of the main power supply but also the abnormality of the emergency power supply.
- a specific configuration of the vehicle control device 1 will be sequentially described in detail.
- the applicable electronic control system is the same as that described in Fig. 35 above.
- the vehicle control device 1 is provided with a main power supply including a battery 4 made of, for example, a lead storage battery and an alternator 12, and the electric brake system 5 is provided by the main power supply.
- the power is always supplied to the load 40 such as 0 (Fig. 35).
- a thermal battery 10 is provided as an emergency power supply that supplies power only in an emergency when an abnormality occurs in these batteries 4 or 12 and an emergency power supply is provided.
- the power supply is configured so as not to be interrupted.
- the voltage levels of the alternator 12 and battery 4 are changed to correspond to the alternator for detecting abnormality of the alternator 12 and the battery abnormality of the battery 4 in FIG.
- a voltage determination circuit 20 for detecting is provided.
- a terminal A for detecting the voltage level of the alternator 12 is provided, and a terminal B for detecting the voltage level of the battery 4 is provided.
- the voltage levels of these terminals A and B can be detected for each terminal, and it is configured to determine whether the voltage levels of these terminals are equal to or higher than a predetermined reference value.
- the configuration of the abnormality detection shown here is only an example, and is configured to detect the voltage level of only the alternator 12 or the battery 4 only. You may.
- An abnormality detection method other than the voltage detection method may be used.For example, a method of detecting the rotation speed of the alternator 12 and determining the abnormality of the alternator 12 based on the rotation speed may be used. May be used. In any case, various configurations can be adopted as long as the configuration detects an abnormality in power supply from the main power supply.
- the specific configuration of the voltage determination circuit 20 may be any configuration as long as it can detect whether or not the voltage level of the battery 12 is equal to or higher than a predetermined reference value, and various configurations are possible.
- the voltage of the battery 4 is detected by a comparison circuit that compares the voltage of the battery 4 with a predetermined reference voltage.
- a comparison circuit that compares the voltage of the battery 4 with a predetermined reference voltage.
- the voltage determination circuit 20 sends the main power supply to the control circuit 30.
- a signal indicating abnormality is output, and the control circuit 30 activates the thermal battery 10 based on the signal by a control method described later.
- the temperature fuse state detecting means 22 for detecting the state of the thermal fuse 14 is connected to the fuse terminal 13 corresponding to the thermal fuse 14.
- the thermal fuse state detecting means 2 2 is configured to detect whether the thermal fuse 14 is in a disconnected state, and to output an abnormal signal to the control circuit 30 if the thermal fuse 14 is disconnected.
- a configuration can be employed in which a minute current is caused to flow through the line of the thermal fuse 14 and the minute current is detected by a current detection circuit. In this configuration, if a current is detected in the line of the thermal fuse 14.
- the thermal battery 10 can be used as a connected state, and if no current is detected, the thermal battery 10 can be used.
- the thermal battery 10 configured as described above is configured such that the ignition ball 15 (FIG. 23) is ignited when the ignition terminal 11 is energized to be activated. Therefore, when the thermal battery 10 is started, the ignition terminal 11 is energized by turning on the switch SW1.
- the ignition current can be supplied from either the battery 4 or the alternator 12 by the ignition line 19 connected to the power supply line 7. It is also assumed that the battery cannot be used.
- an ignition capacitor C 1 connected in parallel with the main power supply is provided.
- the ignition capacitor C1 is configured to be connected in parallel to a main power supply via a charging resistor R1, and is charged by the main power supply.
- the ignition line 19 is provided with a diode D2 for preventing backflow.
- a diode D4 for rapid discharge is connected in parallel with the resistor R1 for charging, and when the switch SW1 is turned on while the capacitor C1 for ignition is charged, the diode D4 is turned on.
- the ignition terminal 11 is rapidly energized after passing through the gate D4, and the thermal battery 10 is started. Note that a configuration in which the charging resistor R1 and the diode D4 are not used may be employed.
- an output line 24 is provided from the output terminal 12 of the thermal battery 10 to the load 40, and a switch SW2 is interposed between the output terminal 12 and the load 40.
- the switch SW 2 is turned on, the output current from the thermal battery 10 is supplied to the load 40.
- a configuration in which a constant voltage is supplied to the load by interposing a constant voltage circuit between the thermal battery 10 and the load 40 can be adopted.
- the abnormality detection processing is performed according to the flow described with reference to FIG.
- the abnormality of the thermal battery 10 is detected by using the detection of the abnormality of the main power supply as a trigger.
- another condition is satisfied (when the engine speed exceeds a predetermined speed, a predetermined condition is satisfied).
- the abnormality detection processing of the thermal battery 10 may be performed, or the abnormality detection processing may be performed periodically.
- an abnormal signal is output to the warning means 8 such as display means (warning lamp etc.) for warning the driver and voice means (warning buzzer etc.).
- the warning means 8 informs the driver of the abnormal state of the thermal battery 10. If it is determined in S120 that the temperature fuse 14 is normal, a signal to start the switches SW1 and SW2 is output from the control circuit 30 in S140. Thus, the ignition battery current is supplied to the thermal battery 10, and power is supplied to the load 40 by the thermal battery 10 after starting.
- the control circuit 30 that performs such processing may be configured to include, for example, a microcomputer or an IC, and the processing illustrated in FIG. 36 may be performed by software according to a predetermined program.
- the circuit may be configured so as to perform the operation in hardware.
- an abnormal signal is output to the drive suppressing means for suppressing the driving of the vehicle so that the vehicle is forcibly put into the stop state or the deceleration normal state. May be.
- the abnormality signal is output to the brake ECU 53 together with the warning means 8, and the brake ECU 53 that receives the abnormality signal outputs the motor signal regardless of the driver's intention.
- Evening 54 (Fig. 35) can be controlled to gradually apply a brake to the vehicle and gradually decelerate the vehicle, or to stop completely after deceleration. .
- FIG. 44 shows a configuration in which the abnormality of the thermal battery 10 is determined before the vehicle starts.
- the ignition terminal of the thermal battery is Output terminals are omitted.
- the configuration shown in FIG. 4 includes an identification switch (hereinafter, also referred to as an IG switch) and a relay 6 for turning on the main power supply line 7 when the IG switch is turned on.
- a thermal fuse 14 of a thermal battery 10 is connected in series to the main power supply line 7, and is connected to an electronic control unit (engine ECU 9) that starts the engine via a relay 6. ing.
- engine ECU 9 electronice control unit
- the thermal cutoff 14, the relay 6 and the main power supply line 7 constitute start-up restricting means.
- This start-up restricting means is provided when the emergency power supply (that is, the thermal battery 10) is abnormal. Cuts off the power supply to the engine ECU 9 so as not to start the engine.
- the voltage level between the IG switch and the relay 16 and the voltage level between the temperature fuse 14 and the relay 6 are respectively detected by the thermal fuse state detecting means 24. Specifically, when the voltage level of the terminal D is equal to or lower than a predetermined value (for example, zero level) while the IG switch is turned on (that is, the terminal C is at a predetermined voltage level), a warning means (the first embodiment) The same configuration as above is output.
- the use history detecting means may include a terminal resistance detecting means for detecting the terminal resistance of the ignition terminal instead of the thermal fuse. That is, the ignition terminal melts and deforms due to the high temperature state at the time of ignition, and the resistance value changes with respect to the terminal resistance before ignition. This resistance change may be detected, and if the resistance has changed by a predetermined level or more with respect to the reference value, it may be determined that the battery has been used.
- an abnormal signal of the thermal battery may be input to the engine ECU to perform fuel cut, cylinder reduction control, retard control, or the like, thereby reducing the output torque and suppressing the drive.
- the present invention it is possible to provide a vehicle power supply device that is highly reliable and does not require charging. Further, by using this, it is possible to provide a vehicle provided with a highly reliable electronic control system.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/522,613 US7420295B2 (en) | 2002-08-01 | 2003-07-31 | Power unit for conveyance and conveyance provided with the power unit |
JP2004525809A JP4324798B2 (ja) | 2002-08-01 | 2003-07-31 | 乗物用電源装置およびこの電源装置を備えた乗物 |
AU2003252451A AU2003252451A1 (en) | 2002-08-01 | 2003-07-31 | Vehicle power source device and vehicle using the power source device |
EP20030766684 EP1541422A1 (en) | 2002-08-01 | 2003-07-31 | Vehicle power source device and vehicle using the power source device |
Applications Claiming Priority (18)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002225023 | 2002-08-01 | ||
JP2002-225023 | 2002-08-01 | ||
JP2002230359 | 2002-08-07 | ||
JP2002-230359 | 2002-08-07 | ||
JP2002-230414 | 2002-08-07 | ||
JP2002230414 | 2002-08-07 | ||
JP2002-232071 | 2002-08-08 | ||
JP2002232071 | 2002-08-08 | ||
JP2002246390 | 2002-08-27 | ||
JP2002-246429 | 2002-08-27 | ||
JP2002-246390 | 2002-08-27 | ||
JP2002246429 | 2002-08-27 | ||
JP2002264601 | 2002-09-10 | ||
JP2002264665 | 2002-09-10 | ||
JP2002-264651 | 2002-09-10 | ||
JP2002264651 | 2002-09-10 | ||
JP2002-264665 | 2002-09-10 | ||
JP2002-264601 | 2002-09-10 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004012964A1 true WO2004012964A1 (ja) | 2004-02-12 |
Family
ID=31499736
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2003/009772 WO2004012964A1 (ja) | 2002-08-01 | 2003-07-31 | 乗物用電源装置およびこの電源装置を備えた乗物 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7420295B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1541422A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4324798B2 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003252451A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004012964A1 (ja) |
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US9450232B2 (en) | 2009-04-23 | 2016-09-20 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Process for producing negative plate for lead storage battery, and lead storage battery |
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US7923151B2 (en) | 2003-09-18 | 2011-04-12 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | High performance energy storage devices |
US8232006B2 (en) | 2003-09-18 | 2012-07-31 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | High performance energy storage devices |
US8659269B2 (en) * | 2004-12-15 | 2014-02-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Control unit for triggering a personal protection arrangement |
US9203116B2 (en) | 2006-12-12 | 2015-12-01 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Energy storage device |
US9666860B2 (en) | 2007-03-20 | 2017-05-30 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Optimised energy storage device having capacitor material on lead based negative electrode |
US9450232B2 (en) | 2009-04-23 | 2016-09-20 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Process for producing negative plate for lead storage battery, and lead storage battery |
US9401508B2 (en) | 2009-08-27 | 2016-07-26 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Electrical storage device and electrode thereof |
US9508493B2 (en) | 2009-08-27 | 2016-11-29 | The Furukawa Battery Co., Ltd. | Hybrid negative plate for lead-acid storage battery and lead-acid storage battery |
US9524831B2 (en) | 2009-08-27 | 2016-12-20 | The Furukawa Battery Co., Ltd. | Method for producing hybrid negative plate for lead-acid storage battery and lead-acid storage battery |
US9812703B2 (en) | 2010-12-21 | 2017-11-07 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Electrode and electrical storage device for lead-acid system |
JP7383443B2 (ja) | 2018-10-11 | 2023-11-20 | ディール、シュティフトゥング、ウント、コンパニー、コマンディート、ゲゼルシャフト | 消費ユニットのためのエネルギー供給システムおよび消費ユニットにエネルギーを供給するための方法 |
CN115151457A (zh) * | 2020-09-02 | 2022-10-04 | 株式会社万都 | 电子驻车制动系统的控制装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4324798B2 (ja) | 2009-09-02 |
US20050253458A1 (en) | 2005-11-17 |
AU2003252451A1 (en) | 2004-02-23 |
EP1541422A1 (en) | 2005-06-15 |
US7420295B2 (en) | 2008-09-02 |
JPWO2004012964A1 (ja) | 2006-09-21 |
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