WO2003027964A1 - Appareil et procede de creation d'images, dispositif electronique et programme informatique - Google Patents
Appareil et procede de creation d'images, dispositif electronique et programme informatique Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003027964A1 WO2003027964A1 PCT/JP2002/009844 JP0209844W WO03027964A1 WO 2003027964 A1 WO2003027964 A1 WO 2003027964A1 JP 0209844 W JP0209844 W JP 0209844W WO 03027964 A1 WO03027964 A1 WO 03027964A1
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- Prior art keywords
- image
- information
- object information
- coordinate conversion
- drawing object
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
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- 235000012633 Iberis amara Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T15/00—3D [Three Dimensional] image rendering
- G06T15/10—Geometric effects
- G06T15/20—Perspective computation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/26—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 specially adapted for navigation in a road network
- G01C21/34—Route searching; Route guidance
- G01C21/36—Input/output arrangements for on-board computers
- G01C21/3626—Details of the output of route guidance instructions
- G01C21/3635—Guidance using 3D or perspective road maps
- G01C21/3638—Guidance using 3D or perspective road maps including 3D objects and buildings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T13/00—Animation
- G06T13/20—3D [Three Dimensional] animation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T19/00—Manipulating 3D models or images for computer graphics
- G06T19/003—Navigation within 3D models or images
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63F—CARD, BOARD, OR ROULETTE GAMES; INDOOR GAMES USING SMALL MOVING PLAYING BODIES; VIDEO GAMES; GAMES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- A63F2300/00—Features of games using an electronically generated display having two or more dimensions, e.g. on a television screen, showing representations related to the game
- A63F2300/20—Features of games using an electronically generated display having two or more dimensions, e.g. on a television screen, showing representations related to the game characterised by details of the game platform
- A63F2300/205—Features of games using an electronically generated display having two or more dimensions, e.g. on a television screen, showing representations related to the game characterised by details of the game platform for detecting the geographical location of the game platform
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63F—CARD, BOARD, OR ROULETTE GAMES; INDOOR GAMES USING SMALL MOVING PLAYING BODIES; VIDEO GAMES; GAMES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- A63F2300/00—Features of games using an electronically generated display having two or more dimensions, e.g. on a television screen, showing representations related to the game
- A63F2300/60—Methods for processing data by generating or executing the game program
- A63F2300/66—Methods for processing data by generating or executing the game program for rendering three dimensional images
- A63F2300/6661—Methods for processing data by generating or executing the game program for rendering three dimensional images for changing the position of the virtual camera
Definitions
- the present invention belongs to the technical field of an image creating apparatus and method for creating a 3D image based on three-dimensional coordinate information, an electronic device such as a navigation system equipped with such an image creating apparatus, and a computer program. .
- an electronic device such as a navigation system equipped with such an image creating apparatus
- a computer program for creating a 3D image based on three-dimensional coordinate information
- This navigation system has various databases, and has a basic configuration that displays map information, current location information, various kinds of guidance information, etc. on a display device, and further searches for a drive route based on input conditions. What you do is common.
- the system is configured so that the searched drive route and the current position based on GPS (Global Positioning System) positioning or self-contained positioning are displayed on a map to provide guidance to the destination (navigation). .
- GPS Global Positioning System
- the display of the navigation system mounted on the vehicle for guidance to the destination shows the scenery ahead from the current driving point, and also indicates the driving route, The direction of the turn at the intersection, the distance to the intersection, the distance to the destination, the estimated time of arrival, etc. are displayed.
- the scenery in front is displayed as an image using a technique that gives a three-dimensional visual expression on a plane based on the driver's gaze, that is, an image using a perspective method (herein referred to as a “3D image”).
- 3D image a perspective method
- a technique for storing image information in an area larger than the display area in a large frame buffer and enabling immediate display of an image when the display area is moved within that area is not a simple 3D image display.
- the viewpoint generally changes, so that no matter how large the frame buffer is, it is not possible to deal with the movement of the display area using the image information stored in the frame buffer. There is a point.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and has an image creating apparatus and method capable of continuously changing a 3D image at high speed, an electronic apparatus including such an image creating apparatus, and And to provide a computer program.
- an image creating apparatus including: a drawing application processing unit that causes a drawing device to draw a 3D image; and a graphics library, wherein the drawing application processing unit includes: Drawing object information generating means for generating drawing object information for drawing an image for each object in a single coordinate system for each predetermined information unit based on the three-dimensional coordinate information of the object included in the 3D image to be rendered; And a coordinate conversion information generating means for generating coordinate conversion information defining at least a viewpoint and a field of view when drawing a 3D image, wherein the graphics library stores the generated drawing object information.
- the stored coordinate conversion information is applied to the stored drawing object information for each of the predetermined information units to draw the 3D image, and the drawing object information generating means outputs one 3D image to be displayed this time.
- the drawing object information is generated in advance for other objects that are not included in the drawing object information, and the drawing object information storage unit generates the drawing object information.
- the drawing object information generating unit reproduces the drawing object information for the other object. No, the drawing device draws the other 3D image using the drawing object information stored in advance.
- the image creating apparatus includes a drawing application processing unit, a graphics library, and a drawing device, and converts data for drawing an image into coordinate conversion information and drawing object information.
- a drawing application processing unit a graphics library
- a drawing device converts data for drawing an image into coordinate conversion information and drawing object information.
- Each is generated by its own information generation means, stored and managed.
- a 3D image is generated as a display image by a drawing device based on the stored and managed data, and output to a display device.
- the coordinate conversion information and the drawing object information are treated separately and independently, and the drawing processing based on these is performed at once, thereby improving the drawing speed by the drawing device.
- the coordinate transformation which is an important element of drawing, operates as a state machine with an internal state, so the function of the drawing device in this coordinate transformation is a library that absorbs general device dependence. This is because the substitution of a single function cannot cope with this, while the data configuration of the present invention can avoid this limitation.
- the drawing object information generating means generates drawing object information in advance for other objects not included in the one 3D image to be displayed this time, and the drawing object information storage means stores the drawing object information in advance. I do. Then, when another object is included in another 3D image to be displayed later, such as next time or one after another, the drawing object information generating means does not regenerate the drawing object information for the other object. At this time, the drawing device draws the other 3D image using the drawing object information generated and stored in advance. In this way, even if the viewpoint or field of view indicated by the coordinate conversion information changes, if the other object is included in the 3D image to be displayed after the change, the related object is generated and stored in advance.
- the drawing object information can be used as it is.
- a 3D image By applying new coordinate transformation information to this drawing object information, a 3D image can be obtained.
- the viewpoint and the field of view indicated by the coordinate conversion information change continuously, the prediction or estimation of the 3D image to be displayed next time or one after another becomes possible more or less, so that it is generated in advance. It is possible to increase the possibility that the stored drawing object information can be used as it is, and to speed up image formation.
- the drawing object information generating means is described as “generating drawing object information in a single coordinate system for each predetermined information unit”.
- the predetermined information unit is, for example, a display list. This is the unit of coordinate conversion information that is applied to the drawing object information when the drawing device draws a 3D image.
- the coordinate system is unified within the same predetermined information unit such as the same display list, but it is not necessary to unify the coordinate system between different predetermined information units.
- the drawing object information generating means includes an object existing around an area of a view corresponding to the one 3D image, and the drawing object information as the other object. Generate in advance.
- an object existing around the area of the view corresponding to one 3D image is set as another object, in the case of an application in which the viewpoint and the view change continuously, for example, In the case of continuously displaying 3D images that reflect the scenery around the vehicle with a navigation system or the like, the possibility that the other object is included in the 3D images to be drawn next time, one after another increases, It is possible to speed up image formation of drawing object information.
- the drawing object information generating means may generate the drawing object information in advance as an object existing in a region extending backward from the field of view as viewed from the viewpoint.
- the image creating apparatus further includes a change information supply unit that supplies change information in accordance with a predetermined rule, wherein the coordinate conversion information generation unit is configured to perform the change in accordance with the supplied change information. Generate coordinate conversion information.
- the change information supply means generates change information based on, for example, a mathematical expression, or generates the change information based on the current position information observed by the positioning device mounted on the moving body. Provide change information based on the change information. Then, if the coordinate conversion information generating means generates the coordinate conversion information in accordance with such change information, for example, an image that changes sequentially according to the operation of the moving object or an image in which the change of the object over time and the like changes continuously is obtained. can get.
- the image forming apparatus includes a configuration in which each time the coordinate conversion information generated by the coordinate conversion information generating unit changes, the drawing device sequentially draws by acting on the drawing object information. I do.
- each time the coordinate conversion information changes that is, when the position of the moving body changes due to movement, or when the coordinate information calculated by a predetermined calculation changes, the drawing is performed in synchronization. . Therefore, it is possible to output and display images while maintaining immediacy with the operation of the moving object.
- the drawing application processing unit includes: a list creation program that creates a list of the drawing object information relating to an area wider than an area corresponding to the one 3D image.
- a setting program for setting the coordinate conversion information includes: a setting program for setting the coordinate conversion information; and an execution command program for commanding drawing execution in the drawing device.
- the information and the coordinate conversion information are handled separately, and each information is supplied together with the execution command to the Dramatic Library connected to the subsequent stage. This ensures portability even if the system consisting of the graphic library and the drawing device is changed to a system using another combination. Also, by changing the coordinate conversion information using the drawing object information as it is or using the drawing object information generated in advance, a 3D image of the same drawing object having changed coordinates can be easily obtained.
- the graphics library has a function of managing the coordinate conversion information, a function of managing the drawing object information, and a function of controlling the drawing device. .
- the function of managing the coordinate conversion information possessed by the graphics library, the function of managing the drawing object information, and the function of controlling the drawing device are provided.
- the 3D image that the drawing device actually draws is controlled.
- the drawing application processing unit has a function of supplying map information including the three-dimensional coordinate information from a map database included in a navigation system.
- the display is performed.
- a 3D image based on the map information including the three-dimensional coordinate information is displayed after the predetermined coordinate conversion is performed.
- guidance information without coordinate conversion is superimposed on the display, and displayed. It is also possible to provide the service for the elderly.
- the drawing device draws an image conforming to perspective as a 3D image.
- a scene that the mobile operator sees from the cockpit is displayed as a 3D image by a perspective drawing method, and the operator can recognize the image by matching the actual scene. It will be easier.
- the image forming apparatus further includes information defining a light source in addition to the information defining the viewpoint and the field of view.
- the drawing object information is converted based on the light source information in addition to the viewpoint information and the view information as the coordinate conversion information, and can be displayed as a more realistic image.
- the 3D image to be displayed after the change includes the same object as that displayed before the change, this is particularly true.
- a new 3D image can be obtained by applying new coordinate conversion information with the changed light source information to the same drawing object information. Even if the drawing device is replaced, the coordinate conversion information such as viewpoint information, view information, and light source information can be applied as it is.
- the viewpoint is set based on a viewpoint of a mobile operator.
- a landscape that is seen with the gaze of the pilot is displayed as a 3D image, and the pilot can recognize it as a three-dimensional image that matches the actual landscape. It will be easier.
- the viewpoint may be set manually.
- the field of view is set based on a field of view of a mobile operator.
- a landscape that is in the field of view of the mobile operator is displayed as a 3D image.
- the field of view may be set manually.
- the viewpoint in the 3D image is set at a central portion of an image display device included in a navigation system.
- the drawing object is displayed by performing coordinate conversion so that the viewpoint of the mobile operator is located at the center of the display.
- the drawing device in another aspect of the image creating apparatus of the present invention, superimposes a plurality of partial frame images drawn based on a plurality of pieces of drawing object information generated and accumulated for each of the objects to form one sheet of the image. Draw a 3D image.
- one 3D image can be finally drawn by superimposing a plurality of partial frame images drawn corresponding to each drawing object information, so that a more realistic 3D image can be drawn by the drawing device. Can be drawn relatively quickly.
- the apparatus may further include a frame buffer for temporarily storing the plurality of partial frame images.
- a plurality of partial frame images are temporarily stored in a frame buffer provided in a buffer memory managed by a drawing device. Can be drawn.
- the drawing application processing unit is configured to perform the drawing object processing on an object included in both two consecutive 3D images that continuously change with time.
- the coordinate conversion information is regenerated by the coordinate conversion information generating means while the information is fixed.
- the coordinate conversion information is changed while the drawn object information is fixed, so that the processing load for drawing can be reduced.
- the processing load for drawing can be reduced.
- continuously changing 3D images For example, by changing the viewpoint continuously based on the same drawing object information, not only the drawn image that changes sequentially according to the operation of the moving object, but also the light source It is possible to obtain a continuous image in which the change in the shadow of the object due to the lapse of time and the like.
- the drawing application processing unit and the graphics library generate and accumulate the drawing object information and the coordinate conversion information for a plurality of 3D images by multitasking. I do.
- the image creating apparatus includes the drawing device.
- a drawing device in addition to the drawing application processing unit and the graphics library, a drawing device is built in or externally attached, so that the image creating apparatus is constructed. Therefore, if a display device such as a monitor is connected to the image creating device, an environment capable of displaying and outputting a 3D image can be obtained relatively easily.
- an electronic apparatus includes the above-described image forming apparatus of the present invention (including its various aspects) and information for providing the three-dimensional coordinate information to the drawing application processing unit. And a display device for outputting a 3D image drawn by the drawing device.
- a navigation system such as an in-vehicle navigation system capable of rapidly displaying a 3D image
- a game apparatus such as an arcade game or a video game.
- Various electronic devices such as a computer such as a personal computer capable of displaying 3D images can be realized.
- the computer program of the present invention causes a computer to function as the above-described image creating apparatus of the present invention (including its various aspects). More specifically, a computer is caused to function as the above-described drawing application processing unit, graphics library, and drawing device of the present invention. More specifically, the above-described drawing object information generating means of the present invention, coordinate conversion information It functions as a generation unit, a drawing object information storage unit, a coordinate conversion information storage unit, and the like.
- the combination program is stored in a storage medium such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read Only Memory), a DVD-ROM (DVD Read Only Memory), or a hard disk that stores the computer program. If the computer program is read and executed by the computer, or if the computer program is executed after being downloaded to the computer via the communication means, the integrated control of the image creating apparatus according to the present invention described above is performed. It can be realized relatively easily.
- a storage medium such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read Only Memory), a DVD-ROM (DVD Read Only Memory), or a hard disk that stores the computer program.
- an image creating method for an image creating apparatus including a drawing application processing unit that causes a drawing device to draw a 3D image and a graphics library.
- the processing unit generates drawing object information for drawing an image for each object in a single coordinate system for each predetermined information unit based on the three-dimensional coordinate information of the object included in the 3D image to be drawn.
- the drawing device draws the 3D image by applying the stored coordinate conversion information to the stored drawing object information for each of the predetermined information units, and the drawing object information generating step includes displaying the current time.
- the drawing object information is also generated in advance for other objects not included in the power 3D image, and the drawing object information storage unit stores the previously generated drawing object information in advance and displays the drawing object information later.
- the drawing object information generating step does not regenerate the drawing object information for the other object.
- the other 3D image is drawn using the accumulated drawing object information.
- data for drawing an image is separated into coordinate conversion information and drawing object information, and each of the data is independently created. Is generated, stored, and managed by the information generation means.
- the drawing device Based on the stored and managed data, the drawing device generates a 3D image as a display image and outputs it to the display device. At this time, the coordinate conversion information and the drawing object information are separately and independently displayed, and the drawing processing based on these is collectively executed, whereby the drawing speed by the drawing device is improved.
- drawing object information is generated in advance for other objects that are not included in the one 3D image to be displayed this time, stored, and displayed to be displayed later.
- the present invention it is possible to appropriately omit generation of time-consuming drawing object information, so that an image can be formed at a high speed as a whole.
- the drawing object information generating step includes the step of generating the drawing object information as an object existing around a field of view corresponding to the one 3D image as the other object. Generate in advance.
- an object existing around the field of view corresponding to one 3D image is set as another object. Therefore, in an application in which the viewpoint and the field of view change continuously, the other object is used. It is more likely that the object will be included in the 3D image to be drawn next time, one after another, etc., and the image formation of the drawn object information can be accelerated.
- coordinate conversion information and drawing object information are handled separately, and no coordinate conversion information is added to the display list.
- a display list is created with drawing object information corresponding to a range wider than the range of the view corresponding to the 3D image to be displayed this time, and if the 3D image to be displayed later is within the wide range, The 3D image can be moved simply by changing the coordinate conversion information. Therefore, it is not necessary to create a time-consuming display list every time the 3D image is changed, and high-speed drawing is realized.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a basic configuration of an image forming apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the internal configuration of the graphics library of the image creating apparatus.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining management of a scene object of the image creating apparatus.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the operation flow of the graphics library of the image creating apparatus.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the flow of the operation of the drawing device of the image creating apparatus.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the flow of the operation of the image creation device drawing application processing unit.
- FIG. 7 is a sequence chart showing the operation of the image creating apparatus.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of drawing.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of drawing.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a configuration of a navigation system applied to the image creating apparatus of the present invention as a second embodiment.
- the image creating apparatus of the present invention is constructed so as to be used for an in-vehicle navigation system, but the present invention is applied to a personal computer without being concerned with this embodiment. It is also suitable for use in the creation of images for video games and for video games.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a basic configuration of an image creating apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining an internal configuration of a graphics library of the image creating apparatus.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the management of scene objects in the image creating apparatus.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the operation flow of the graphics library
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation flow of the drawing device of the image creating apparatus
- FIG. 6 is a drawing application processing unit.
- FIG. 7 is a flow chart showing the flow of the operation of FIG. 7, and FIG. 7 is a sequence chart showing the operation of the image forming apparatus. 8 and 9 show examples of drawing.
- the image creating apparatus 1 includes a drawing application processor 1 1, and the graphics library 1 2, the drawing device 1 It is composed with 3 and drawing
- the application processing unit 11 receives coordinate conversion information 14 such as viewpoint, field of view, and light source, and drawing object information 15 such as road, building, and map information.
- the coordinate conversion information 14 receives coordinate information from the position information means 16 and the like, and the coordinate conversion information is sequentially set based on this information.
- the position information means 16 constitutes an example of the change information supply means, and may be, for example, a positioning device, a program, an arithmetic device, or a manual input device applied to a moving object.
- the position of the moving body is input at a predetermined cycle or at a predetermined moving distance according to the operation of the moving body, and the program can be set so that the intended display can be performed in advance. If it is an arithmetic unit, the coordinates that match the answer can be input by inputting parameters to the function indicating the state, and if it is manual, the appropriate coordinates can be input while monitoring various states.
- the graphics library 12 and the drawing device 13 form an integrated system, and the drawing application processing unit 11 can be replaced arbitrarily.
- the drawing application processing section 11 is provided with a coordinate conversion parameter creation routine 111 and a display list creation routine 112.
- the coordinate transformation parameter creation routine 1 1 1 creates coordinate transformation data based on coordinate transformation information such as viewpoint, field of view, and light source input as coordinate transformation information 14 c. Is managed as The operation of setting parameters for the scene object and applying it to drawing based on the setting values is performed by performing the operation on the scene object identifier.
- the display list creation routine 112 creates drawing object information from roads, buildings, map information, and the like, and inputs the information to the graphics library 12. This drawing object information does not include coordinate conversion information.
- the coordinate transformation information is separately set as the above-mentioned scene object. In this way, the coordinate conversion information and the drawing object information are separately created, and the drawing is performed by applying the coordinate conversion information to the drawing object information at the time of drawing. Realization.
- the display list creation unit 122 and the display list execution unit 123 are provided.
- the scene object setting unit 121 stores the coordinate conversion information created by the coordinate conversion parameter creation routine 111 of the drawing application processing unit 111 in the scene object corresponding to the identifier specified by the drawing application. Save and manage in The display list creator 1 2 2 directly and collectively displays the display list created by the display list creator 1 12 of the drawing application processor 11 so that the drawing device 13 can draw at high speed. Configure and manage to run.
- the display list execution unit 123 controls the drawing device 13 and acts on the scene object setting unit 121 and the display list creation unit 122 to convert the coordinates to the drawing device 13.
- the display list and the coordinate conversion parameters processed to enable the batch execution of the information and the drawing object information are sent, and the drawing operation is executed.
- the coordinate conversion information and the drawing object information are stored separately, and the drawing device 13 applies the coordinate conversion information to the drawing object information at the time of drawing, and is set as a scene object.
- the coordinates are transformed by adding conditions such as the viewpoint, field of view, and light source, and drawing is performed. Therefore, the drawing object information stored in a single display list is a display list in a single coordinate system independent of the viewpoint and field of view.
- the image created by the drawing device 13 is temporarily stored in the buffer memory 18 and then input to the display device 19 to be displayed.
- a display list is created as a procedure (1).
- the created display list is stored as the object display list (1) in the graphics library 12.
- step (2) c coordinate conversion information for setting coordinate conversion information is stored in the scene object (1).
- drawing is instructed as step (3).
- the graphics library 13 works on the object display list (1) and the scene object (1), and inputs the data to the drawing device 13 for drawing. Note that when setting the identifier, the position information means 16 Is performed based on the coordinate information.
- the drawing device 13 has a 3D coordinate conversion function, and based on the coordinate conversion parameter specified by the identifier, for example, when the vehicle is running, based on the driver's viewpoint, field of view, light source, etc., and the drawing object information. For example, the scenery that is actually being seen by the driver is drawn and displayed in 3D.
- a large number of display playlists or scene objects of the objects may be created and stored in advance, and each of them may be appropriately combined and drawn.
- the operation flow of the graphics library 12 will be described with reference to FIG. 4c.
- the operation input If there is, the type of the operation is determined (step S102).
- the operation of the graphics library 12 as the type of operation includes creation of a display list, setting of a scene object, and execution of the display list.
- a display list creation instruction When a display list creation instruction is issued, a display list is created based on drawing object information such as roads and buildings (step S103). After creating the display list, the process returns to step S101 and waits for the next operation input.
- step S102 if the operation input is a setting of a scene object, the operation input is set to a scene object specified by an identifier of coordinate conversion information based on a viewpoint, a field of view, a light source, and the like (step S102). Four ). When the setting of the scene object is completed, the process returns to step S101 again and waits for the next operation input.
- step S102 if the display list is to be executed, the scene object specified by the identifier is set to the drawing device 13 (step S105), and the display list is executed.
- step S101 the process returns to step S101 and waits for the next operation input.
- the drawing device 13 executes the display list in a lump to draw.
- Step S201 First, from the state of waiting for the operation input from the graphics library 1 2 (Step S201) If there is an operation input, the type of the operation is determined (Step S202).
- the types of operation include setting of a scene object and execution of a display list.
- the drawing device 13 sets a coordinate conversion parameter based on the identifier (step S203).
- the flow returns to step S201 again and waits for the next operation input.
- step S 202 If the result of determination in step S 202 is that the operation input is execution of a display list, drawing is executed based on the coordinate conversion parameters and the display list. The drawn device 13 outputs a drawn image.
- step S301 when there is a drawing request (step S301), it is determined whether or not the already created display list area as the drawing object information sufficiently covers the view to be drawn (step S301). S302). That is, it is checked whether or not the display information of the identifier to be executed can be displayed satisfactorily.
- step S If there is insufficient drawing object information, create a display list (step S
- step S302 If satisfied in step S302, the viewpoint, field of view, and coordinate conversion information of the light source are set in the scene object (step S304). Next, drawing is instructed by linking the scene object with the display list (step S305), and thereafter, the process returns to step S301 and waits for the next drawing request.
- the original display list can be used as it is, and the process of creating the time-consuming display list is reduced. Can be omitted. That is, by applying a new scene object to the original display list, a desired image can be drawn, and extremely high-speed drawing is enabled.
- step S303 when creating the display list in step S303, the drawing A display list is created for not only the objects included in the target image but also for multiple or many objects including those existing in the area wider than the field of view corresponding to the image. It is possible to increase the possibility that it is determined that step S302 is sufficient when a rendering request is made. Then, if step S302 is sufficient, high-speed drawing can be performed by applying a new scene object to the display list. In a multitasking environment, further high-speed drawing can be realized by creating the display playlist in a separate task, calculating the creation range by prediction, and creating it speculatively.
- This sequence chart shows the interrelationship between the drawing application processing unit 11, the graphics library 12, the drawing device 13, and the display device 19 over time, and the horizontal line shows the mutual relationship, The vertical line shows the passage of time from top to bottom.
- a display list is created in the drawing application processing unit 11 and input to the graphics library 12 (step S401).
- a coordinate conversion parameter that is, an identifier is set in the drawing application processing unit 11, and the setting of the scene object to which the coordinate conversion parameter is added is instructed to the graphics library 12 (step S402).
- the drawing application processing unit 11 instructs the graphics library 12 to draw by applying the scene object set to the created display list (step S403).
- the graphics library supplies a display list to the drawing device 13 (step S404), supplies a scene object (step S405), and displays the display list. Instruct the execution of the list (step S406).
- the drawing device 13 Upon receiving this instruction, the drawing device 13 executes drawing of the display list based on the coordinate conversion parameters of the scene object (step S407). When the drawing execution is completed, the drawing completion is notified to the graphics library 12 and the drawing application processing unit 11 (step S408), and the drawing end processing is performed and the drawn image is output to the display device 19. And display it (step S409).
- the drawing application processing unit 11 sets the next identifier (step S410). Next, it is determined whether the current display list can cover the field of view of the new identifier (step S411). If the display can be covered, the display list can be used, and the process returns to step S402, and a new drawing process is started from the scene object setting.
- step S401 if it is determined that the display cannot be covered, it is necessary to create a new display list, and the process returns to step S401 to create a new display list and start a new drawing process.
- FIG. 8 is an example of a display of the 3D image created as described above, and shows a scene seen from the driver's line of sight when the vehicle is traveling on a street in the city.
- light source 21, viewpoint 22, field of view 23, etc. are coordinate transformation information represented by identifiers embedded in the scene object, and buildings 24 a, 24 b, 24 c, '
- the first lane 25, the second lane 26, the third lane 27, etc. of the road c light source 21 corresponding to the drawing object information is, for example, the sun during the day and the streetlight at night. Is the parameter.
- the viewpoint can use a point corresponding to the driver's line of sight, and can be seen with the same feeling as the scenery of the environment in which the vehicle is actually running.
- the field of view 23 defines a predetermined display image range. A suitable range is set for the driver.
- the buildings 24a, 24b, 24c,... Correspond to the drawing object information, and the display list relating to them is created in a form that can be directly executed by the drawing device.
- the drawing object information information supplied from a map information database or the like of the navigation system can be used.
- the form as the drawing object information is represented by a single coordinate system having no coordinate conversion information.
- the light source 21, in this case, the sun is ahead, and the front side of the buildings 24 a, 24 b, 24 c, ... is dark and shaded.
- the viewpoint 22 is located above the second lane 26 and is based on the perspective method. In this viewpoint 22, the buildings 24a, 24b, 24c, ..., 1st lane
- Coordinate transformation is performed so that drawing objects such as 25 to third lane 27 converge.
- 3D images are obtained.
- the drawing range based on the display list is created for a drawing object in an area indicated by the field of view 23, that is, a drawing object wider than the area actually displayed.
- the actual display area is a part of the display area, and if the area to be extracted is within the display range of the display list, the same display playlist can be used when drawing with respect to the moved viewpoint.
- FIGS. 9 (a) to 9 (c) show the shifted state and the 3D image matched to the viewpoint position by the method according to the present invention.
- FIG. 9A is a 3D image when the driver is driving in the second lane 26 and the viewpoint 22 is above the second lane 26. This corresponds to the part surrounded by the solid line in the center of FIG.
- the driver changes lanes and moves to the first lane 25, simply cut out the area enclosed by the broken line in Fig. 8 and see the image that does not match the driver's line of sight, as shown in Fig. 9 (b).
- Figure 9 (c) depicts such a problem with the new identifier acting on the old display list as described above.
- the viewpoint 22 can be obtained as a 3D image set in the center of the screen above the first lane 25.
- FIG. 9 (a) the chimney 28, which was behind the building and could not be seen because it was in the way, is drawn in FIG. 9 (c).
- a display list for such a chimney 28 is also created in advance when drawing in FIG. 9 (a), so that the display list from FIG. 9 (a) to FIG. Switching can be done quickly.
- 9 (a) to 9 (c) illustrate the drawing before and after the lane change.
- the position of the vehicle used as the coordinate conversion information can use the position information measured by the GPS positioning device or the self-contained positioning device.
- time-consuming display list creation can be omitted, it is suitable for image creation for a mobile operator whose position changes rapidly, such as a vehicle, to view.
- the display list that is not necessary for the current drawing can be further reduced.
- an image creating apparatus capable of high-speed rendering of 3D images can be realized.
- the navigation system consists of self-contained positioning devices 30 and 03 receivers 38, system controller 40, input / output (I / O) circuit 41, CD-ROM drive 51, DVD-ROM drive 52, hard disk Device (HDD) 56, wireless communication device 58, display unit 60, audio output unit 70, input device 80, and external interface (1 / F) unit 81. It is connected to a bus line 50 for transferring control data and processing data.
- the self-contained positioning device 30 includes an acceleration sensor 31, an angular velocity sensor 32, and a speed sensor 33.
- the acceleration sensor 31 is composed of, for example, a piezoelectric element, and outputs acceleration data obtained by detecting the acceleration of a vehicle.
- the angular velocity sensor 32 is constituted by, for example, a vibrating gyroscope, and outputs angular velocity data and relative azimuth data obtained by detecting the angular velocity of the vehicle at the time of changing the direction of the vehicle.
- Speed sensor 3 3 is mechanical, The rotation of the axle of the vehicle is detected magnetically or optically, and a signal of a pulse number corresponding to the vehicle speed is output every time the axle rotates at a predetermined angle.
- the 0 to 3 receiver 38 is a known device equipped with a digital signal processor (DSP) or microprocessor (MPU), V-RAM, memory, etc., together with a planar polarization omnidirectional receiving antenna and a high-frequency reception processing unit. It is a structure of. 0 to 3 receivers 38 receive radio waves from at least three GPS satellites flying in the sky, perform spectrum despreading, distance measurement, doppler measurement, orbit data processing, position calculation and travel speed The azimuth calculation is performed, and the absolute position information of the receiving point (vehicle driving point) is continuously output from the IZO circuit 41 to the bus line 50.
- the system controller 40 captures the information and displays the screen on the map road. It is configured to display.
- the system controller 40 includes a CPU 42, a ROM 43 which is a nonvolatile solid-state storage element, and a working RAM 44, and exchanges data with each unit connected to the bus line 50.
- the processing control by exchanging the data is executed by a boot program and a control program stored in the ROM 43.
- the RAM 44 temporarily stores, in particular, setting information for changing the map display by the user operation from the input device 80 (change to the whole or district map display).
- the CD-ROM drive 51 and the DVD-ROM drive 52 can store the map database information (for example, the number of lanes and road width in map information (foliage)) stored in the CD-ROM 53 and DVD-ROM 54, respectively. Reads and outputs various road data.
- map database information for example, the number of lanes and road width in map information (foliage)
- the hard disk drive 56 stores the map (image) data read by the CD-ROM drive 51 or DVD-ROM drive 52, and can read out the data at any time after the storage.
- the hard disk unit 56 can further store audio data and video data read from the CD-ROM drive 51 or the DVD-ROM drive 52.
- the audio data and the video data stored in the hard disk unit 56 are read and the audio output and the video output are performed.
- the navigation operation can be performed by reading the map data stored in the hard disk unit 56.
- the display section 60 displays various processing data on a screen under the control of the system controller 40.
- the display section 60 controls each section of the display section 60 based on control data transferred from the CPU 42 through the internal graphic controller 61 and the bus line 50.
- a buffer memory using V-RAM or the like is used to temporarily store image information that can be displayed immediately.
- the display controller 63 controls the display, and the image data output from the graphic controller 61 is displayed on the display 64.
- the display 44 is arranged, for example, near the front panel in the vehicle.
- the audio output unit 70 converts the audio signal transmitted through the bus line 50 into a digital signal under the control of the system controller 40, and outputs the digital signal from the DZA converter 71.
- the audio analog signal is variably amplified by a variable amplifier (AMP) 72 and output to a speaker 73.
- AMP variable amplifier
- the c input device 80 which outputs the voice from the speaker, has keys and switches for inputting various commands and data. , Buttons, remote controller, voice input device, etc.
- the input device 80 is arranged around a front panel or a display 64 of a main body of the vehicle electronic system mounted in the vehicle.
- the image creation device when introducing the image creation device according to the present invention into a navigation system, it is required to appropriately display an image that matches the drive route.
- the image viewed from the driver's glance on the road on which the vehicle is currently running is displayed in 3D, and the image when the vehicle is turning at an intersection ahead or at a location with poor visibility. It is also useful for safety to show the scenery in 3D and inform the driver. It is also necessary that various messages be superimposed and displayed on those images.
- an image forming apparatus is constructed as an integrated system by using various devices and functions of a navigation system, and an extremely effective navigation system is constructed.
- the image creating apparatus separates and captures coordinate transformation information such as a viewpoint, a field of view, and a light source and information on a drawing object such as a road and a building in a drawing application processing unit 11, and each of them is used as drawing data.
- the data is created by the graphic library 12 and the image is formed from the individual information by the drawing device 13.
- the drawing object information is map information including roads and buildings, and utilizes the map database of the navigation system.
- the map information is stored in the CD-ROM 53 and the DVD-ROM 54, and is read by the CD-ROM drive 51 and the DVD-ROM drive 52. Further, map information can be obtained from a predetermined site via the communication device 58 and stored in the hard disk device 56 for use.
- the map information of the drive route read by the CD-ROM drive 51 or the DVD-ROM drive 52 can be stored and read at any time after the storage. This work may be performed when creating a drive plan.
- the map information is divided into a number of areas, and is represented by a coordinate system for each area.
- the display list creation routine 1 12 of the drawing application processing unit 11 of the image creation apparatus 11 The data is converted into a single coordinate system that does not depend on the position, and an instruction is issued to the display list creation unit 122 of the graphics library 12 where the display list is created.
- viewpoint, field of view, and light source which are the coordinate conversion information required by the image creation device
- the viewpoint and field of view may be set at a predetermined position or range, or may be set manually.
- the traveling direction of the vehicle and the current time are known, the direction of the sun can be specified in consideration of seasonal factors, and its position is determined using the direction of the sun as a light source. Also, by applying the coordinate conversion information to the drawing object information on the condition of the momentarily changing time, it is possible to confirm the change in the shade of the landscape from sunrise to sunset. In particular, When displaying a 3D image corresponding to the scenery while traveling continuously on one road, the efficiency is improved by changing the coordinate transformation information with the travel while fixing the drawing object information as described above. Good 3D images can be displayed continuously.
- a scene object serving as coordinate conversion information can be determined using the function of the navigation system, and drawing object information can be determined using map information. Therefore, a 3D image can be drawn from the independent coordinate transformation information and the drawing object information, and the image is introduced into the display section 60 of the navigation system, and the graphic controller 61 uses the V-RAM or the like.
- the data is stored in the buffer memory 62, read out therefrom, and displayed on the display 64 via the display control unit 63.
- the present invention is not limited to this mode, and it is possible to create an image in a personal computer, a workstation, a mobile phone, a mobile phone, etc., a video game, an arcade game, and the like. It is also suitable for use in image creation in games, mobile games, etc., and in driving simulators or training equipment for various mobile objects such as cars, motorcycles, airplanes, helicopters, rockets, ships, etc. .
- the present invention relates to a navigation system, image creation in a personal computer, a mobile phone, etc., image creation in a video game, a mobile game, etc., image formation in a steering simulation device or a training device for various moving objects such as automobiles, airplanes, and ships. It can be used for
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- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Computer Graphics (AREA)
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- Geometry (AREA)
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Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP02775230A EP1435591B1 (en) | 2001-09-26 | 2002-09-25 | Image creation apparatus and method,; electronic device and computer program |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001-295152 | 2001-09-26 | ||
JP2001295152A JP4807693B2 (ja) | 2001-09-26 | 2001-09-26 | 画像作成装置及びその方法、電子機器並びにコンピュータプログラム |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2003027964A1 true WO2003027964A1 (fr) | 2003-04-03 |
Family
ID=19116634
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2002/009844 WO2003027964A1 (fr) | 2001-09-26 | 2002-09-25 | Appareil et procede de creation d'images, dispositif electronique et programme informatique |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US7221364B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1435591B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4807693B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100403340C (ja) |
TW (1) | TW569156B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2003027964A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20030071807A1 (en) | 2003-04-17 |
EP1435591A4 (en) | 2009-09-09 |
JP2003109040A (ja) | 2003-04-11 |
EP1435591B1 (en) | 2012-10-31 |
EP1435591A1 (en) | 2004-07-07 |
CN100403340C (zh) | 2008-07-16 |
JP4807693B2 (ja) | 2011-11-02 |
US7221364B2 (en) | 2007-05-22 |
TW569156B (en) | 2004-01-01 |
CN1559055A (zh) | 2004-12-29 |
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