WO2003004750A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum behandeln einer fasermasse - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zum behandeln einer fasermasse Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003004750A1 WO2003004750A1 PCT/EP2002/004316 EP0204316W WO03004750A1 WO 2003004750 A1 WO2003004750 A1 WO 2003004750A1 EP 0204316 W EP0204316 W EP 0204316W WO 03004750 A1 WO03004750 A1 WO 03004750A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fiber mass
- press
- treatment fluid
- fiber
- arrangement according
- Prior art date
Links
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- LFTLOKWAGJYHHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylmorpholine N-oxide Chemical compound CN1(=O)CCOCC1 LFTLOKWAGJYHHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B23/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of apparatus or machines, specially adapted for the treating of textile materials, not restricted to a particular kind of apparatus, provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B21/00
- D06B23/02—Rollers
- D06B23/025—Perforated rollers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B1/00—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating
- D06B1/10—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating by contact with a member carrying the treating material
- D06B1/14—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating by contact with a member carrying the treating material with a roller
- D06B1/16—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating by contact with a member carrying the treating material with a roller the treating material being supplied from inside the roller
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B3/00—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
- D06B3/02—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of fibres, slivers or rovings
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for treating a fiber mass such as a fabric or a nonwoven, in which the fiber mass is passed through a press plant, in which the fiber mass is pressed in at least one press zone through the press surface of at least one press roller by means of a pressing pressure acting on the fiber mass and the pressed-off fiber mass is impregnated with a treatment fluid, the fiber mass being passed through an expansion area in the press zone in which the pressing pressure decreases in the direction of passage of the fiber mass.
- the invention also relates to a press roll arrangement for treating a fiber mass moving relative to the press roll arrangement, comprising a press roll with a press jacket surface, by means of which a pressure acting on the fiber mass is generated in a press zone, and with an impregnation device, by means of which a treatment fluid is used during operation is fed to the fiber mass, wherein in operation the press zone forms an expansion area in which the pressure decreases in the direction of movement of the fiber mass.
- the press surface area is the surface which, as an imaginary or actually existing surface area, delimits the press zone to the top or bottom of the fiber mass, that is to say the idealized envelope surface via which the pressure exerts pressure on the fiber mass.
- a polymeric mass is usually melted or dissolved in a solvent and then drawn into continuous filaments by means of spinning devices.
- spinning processes such as dry and wet spinning processes or a combination of dry and wet spinning processes are possible to produce the continuous filaments.
- the spinning threads are produced in a spinning machine and drawn off from it by means of one or more take-off members, wherein they are simultaneously formed into bundles of threads or cables.
- the filaments are then washed in further processing steps and treated.
- the cable drawn off from the spinning machine from continuous filaments arranged in parallel is fed to a cutting device. After leaving the cutting device, a fiber fleece is generally formed from the individual staple fibers and placed on a transport device for further treatment.
- stacks are produced by means of stack cutting machines, for example in dry cutting by the machine described in "Ullman Volume 11, fiber production process", pages 249-289.
- Viscose fibers are usually spun as regenerated cellulosic fibers in aqueous media.
- a cutting machine which essentially consists of a pair of rollers for feeding the spinning cable to the cutting apparatus, the actual cutting apparatus and a staple fiber washing device.
- the cutting device pulls the cable fed from the take-off device to the horizontally rotating cutting knives by means of a water jet injector.
- the cutting knives stay in shape during the cutting process due to constant regrinding.
- the water jet feed leads to a first dissolution of the staple fiber packages that arise during the cutting process before the staple fiber packages are suspended on the aftertreatment machine.
- Such a machine is manufactured, for example, by the company A. Maurer S. A.
- the aftertreatment of viscose fibers can or must be carried out over several treatment steps.
- post-treatment machines for viscose fibers the following treatment steps are typically carried out with the supply of a treatment fluid: deacidification, desulfurization, washing, bleaching and washing, antichlorine treatment, water washing and application of finishing agent or a fat coating.
- These treatment steps are usually carried out in a device to which the cut staple fiber, also referred to as "flake", comes from the cutting machine via a pre-washing device to form a nonwoven layer that is distributed as evenly as possible.
- the device for treating the fiber mass is conventionally designed as a long unit in which the fiber mass or fiber mass distributed into a uniform nonwoven is conveyed through the individual treatment zone on a transport device.
- a belt conveyor with, for example, an endless screen belt or an endless wire mesh belt, an oscillating conveyor or an eccentric latch conveyor can be used as the transport device.
- a press roller arrangement which exerts a pressing pressure on the fiber mass.
- the treatment fluid is pressed out of the fiber mass by the pressing pressure.
- the pressed fiber mass is then impregnated with the treatment fluid assigned to this treatment step.
- the press roller arrangement thus separates two successive treatment steps from one another.
- the press zone In the area in which the pressing pressure acts on the fiber mass, i.e. the press zone, an area is formed shortly behind the point of the highest press pressure, in which the press pressure decreases in the conveying direction of the fiber mass. This area is called the expansion area.
- the fiber mass In order to wet the fiber mass with the treatment fluid, the fiber mass is conventionally guided on a transport device below the sprinkling tanks. Immediately after pressing, the treatment fluid is dripped onto the fiber mass through sprinkler systems above. However, dripping on the treatment fluid only results in an uneven impregnation and wetting of the fiber mass which has just been squeezed out.
- a special problem arises in the production of cellulose fibers or non-woven fabrics from cellulose fibers which are produced by an NMMO or Lyocell process. A spinning solution containing water, cellulose and tertiary amine oxide is extruded into a continuous thread and drawn.
- the filament and staple fibers produced by the NMMO or Lyocell process have a high crystallinity or orientation of the cellulosic molecules. Due to these product properties from the manufacturing process, Lyocell fibers tend to fibrillate. Fibrillation means that small fibrils separate from the circular fiber surface of a single fiber due to the strong crystallinity and orientation. Fibril formation continues along the fiber axis.
- the fiber can be treated with chemical crosslinkers which bind the fibrillar elements to the fiber stem body.
- chemical crosslinkers which bind the fibrillar elements to the fiber stem body.
- the crosslinking agents have to be introduced homogeneously into the fiber mass, the fiber optionally tempered and washed out of the fiber in subsequent treatment steps.
- the cellulose fiber has to be finished and dried.
- crosslinking agents tend to undergo spontaneous chemical degradation or hydrolysis reactions, since the chemicals hydrolyze in the aqueous environment or are not stable for a long time. If the reaction parameters - for example the reaction rate or the reaction temperature - are not exactly observed, degradation and decomposition reactions can also occur.
- the crosslinking agent must therefore be introduced in closed areas while controlling the course of the reaction as precisely as possible.
- the crosslinking agents usually require rapid introduction into the cellulose fiber with Closing, rapid tempering and subsequent washing out of the residual chemicals as quickly as possible with simultaneous cooling. During the so-called crosslinking, elevated temperatures and basic or acidic liquids act on the fiber mass.
- the chemical reaction of the cellulose with the crosslinker takes place at elevated pH values (for example approximately 11-14), which leads to hydrolysis of the crosslinking agent.
- the tendency of the crosslinking agent to decompose can be suppressed by the lowest possible temperatures in the crosslinking bath.
- the low temperatures can be set in or in front of the pressing device.
- the conventional method and the conventional device, in which the pressed-off fiber mass is merely sprinkled with a treatment fluid, are not sufficient for precise control of the process parameters, especially in the case of treatment fluids which react easily or decompose, such as crosslinking agents.
- the object of the invention is to improve the method or the device mentioned at the outset in such a way that the treatment fluid and the temperature control agent (hot water, hot steam) are distributed as quickly and homogeneously as possible and possibly other heat transfer media) as well as various washing media in the fiber mass and thus an exact process control is possible.
- the treatment fluid and the temperature control agent hot water, hot steam
- This object is achieved according to the invention in the method mentioned at the outset in that the treatment fluid in the expansion area is passed through the press jacket surface into the fiber mass.
- this object is achieved in that the press roll arrangement has openings in the expansion area, through which the treatment fluid is guided through the press jacket surface into the fiber mass during operation.
- This solution is simple and has the advantage that the treatment fluid is distributed very quickly and homogeneously in the pressed and compressed fiber mass and relaxing in the expansion zone. Since the pressing pressure decreases in the direction of movement of the fiber mass in the expansion area, the fiber mass in this area automatically draws in the treatment fluid through the pressing surface. A uniform and quick penetration of the pressed fiber mass with the treatment fluid thus already takes place in the press zone. This makes the treatment process more controllable and easier to control.
- the solution according to the invention has the further advantage that the overall length of a treatment machine can be significantly reduced.
- the next treatment step can take place immediately due to the immediate penetration Then impregnate the fiber mass with the treatment fluid.
- the pressing plant similar to a rolling mill in which the individual rolls follow one another directly in the rolling direction.
- several treatment steps can accordingly be carried out in succession in the treatment of the fiber mass, in that the fiber mass is passed successively through several press roller arrangements, a first treatment fluid being pressed out of the fiber mass in each case in a compression roller arrangement and the fiber mass also being expelled in the expansion zone is impregnated with a second treatment fluid.
- the fiber mass can be transported through the press zone by means of a separate conveying means, for example in the form of a conveyor belt, the press roller also turning passively.
- the press roller can also be provided with its own drive means.
- the peripheral speeds of the press roll can be between 0.1 and 400 m / min, preferably between 0.1 and 60 m / min, in particular between 0.1 and 10 m / min. With these peripheral speeds, a fiber throughput of 10 to 1500 kg / (m 2 h), preferably between 10 and 1200 kg / (m 2 h), can be achieved in a treatment zone.
- the fiber throughput is calculated from the weight of the fiber mass in the absolutely dry state divided by the dwell time per treatment field and depends on the length of the treatment field.
- the fiber mass in the press zone can be passed through a compression area in which the pressing pressure increases in the direction of passage of the fiber mass, so that a treatment fluid already present in the fiber mass is pressed off.
- the pressed-off treatment fluid can be derived from the fiber mass through the press jacket surface in the compression area.
- a suction device can be provided, through which the treatment fluid is sucked out of the compression area during operation.
- only openings in the press jacket surface can be provided, through which the treatment fluid automatically passes due to the increasing pressure in the compression area in the treatment direction, so that after the fiber mass has passed through the press zone, almost no treatment fluid from the previous treatment step is present in the fiber mass is.
- the line pressure with which a press roll according to the invention is pressed into the fiber mass is up to 100 N per mm roll width.
- treatment fluid in the compression zone can also be passed through the press jacket surface to rinse the fiber mass before pressing it into the fiber mass.
- the fiber mass in the compression zone ne are rinsed out with the treatment fluid supplied in the expansion zone of the upstream press roll, so that no treatment fluid is carried away from the treatment step which is arranged in the transport or conveying direction of the fiber mass through the device in front of the compression zone into the treatment step which is in the conveying direction behind the Expansion zone is arranged.
- a thorough and uniform impregnation of the fiber mass with the treatment fluid can be achieved if, according to a further advantageous embodiment, the treatment fluid is pressed into the fiber mass under pressure, for example through nozzles arranged in the compression region in the compression and / or expansion region.
- the liquid throughput based on the press roll width can be between 0.1 and 125 m 3 / (hm), preferably between 0.1 and 50 m 3 / (hm), in particular between 0.1 and 20 m 3 / (hm).
- a particularly compact design can be achieved if the impregnation device, through which the treatment fluid is fed to the fiber mass, is arranged at least in sections within the press roll.
- the treatment fluid can be guided from the interior of the press roll through openings into the fiber mass.
- the press roller can be provided on its surface facing the fiber mass with openings through which the treatment fluid is conducted into the fiber mass.
- the openings can be formed regularly or irregularly in the surface of the press roll and, for example, have an essentially nozzle-shaped cross section.
- the degree of opening of the roller that is to say the ratio of the areas occupied by the openings to the entire surface of the roller, can be between 1 and 95%, preferably between 3 and 90%, particularly preferably between 3 and 85%.
- the press roller can also form ribs on its surface facing the fiber mass, which at least in sections form the press jacket surface and between which the treatment fluid can be introduced into the fiber mass during operation.
- these ribs can extend essentially transversely to or essentially in the direction of movement of the fiber mass.
- the ribs can be designed as a weir which counteracts a flow of the treatment fluid through the press roll from the compression area to the expansion zone and thus a carryover.
- the height of the ribs can be dimensioned such that an upper end of a rib facing away from the fiber mass, essentially between the compression region and the expansion region, always above the level of the treatment fluid Compression area and / or expansion area protrudes.
- spray nozzles can be integrated in the interior of the press roll according to a further advantageous embodiment, through which the treatment fluid in operation in the form of a fog or jet onto the fiber mass preferably in the press zone is directed.
- the nozzles can also be directed towards the compression area in order to water down or displace the treatment fluid present there. A complete wetting of the fiber mass by the treatment fluid emitted by the spray nozzles is achieved when the spray cone of the nozzles essentially overlaps in the area of the fiber mass or in the press zone.
- the impregnation device can have an adjustment device by means of which the size and the orientation of the outlet area of the treatment fluid in the press jacket surface is adjusted.
- the adjusting device can be designed as a cover body arranged in the press roll with a slot, which covers that part of the press jacket surface or the press roll through which no treatment fluid is to pass. This cover body can be used, for example, as a slotted tubular body rotatably held in the press roll.
- the impregnation device can have a feed line through which the treatment fluid is guided in operation from outside the press roll essentially into the expansion area.
- this feed line can be arranged at least in sections at least in the press zone between two ribs which extend essentially in the direction of movement of the fiber mass. It is advantageous if the section of the feed line facing the press jacket surface is essentially flush with the ribs, so that the press jacket surface is as smooth as possible and offers little frictional resistance to the fiber mass.
- the invention also relates to a press unit for treating fiber masses, with at least one press roller arrangement for pressing the fiber masses and with a conveying means for transporting the fiber masses through the press unit, a press roller arrangement according to one of the configurations described above being used.
- the press plant and the press roll arrangement can be operated with a fiber mass, the weight of which is absolutely dry per unit area between 0.1 to 20 kg / m 2 , preferably 0.1 to 10 kg / m 2 . Cables or heavy, thick nonwovens can be treated as fiber masses.
- a further press roll can be arranged in the pressing zone in the press shop, which serves as a counterpressure means for receiving the press pressure.
- This second press roll can have the same configuration as the first press roll described above. In this embodiment, the fiber mass is passed between the two press rolls.
- Metals or plastics whose surface can be rubberized, polished or ground can be used as materials for the press rolls. In order to avoid damage to the fibers, the edges of the press rolls and possibly the edges of the openings and ribs arranged on the press roll should be broken.
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a plant for the production of a fiber mass.
- Fig. 2 shows a first embodiment of a press roll assembly according to the invention in cross section
- FIG. 3 shows a development of the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 2 in cross section
- FIG. 4 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a press roller arrangement according to the invention in a perspective view
- Fig. 5 shows the embodiment of Figure 4 in cross section.
- FIG. 6 shows a third exemplary embodiment of the press roll arrangement according to the invention in a perspective illustration
- Fig. 7 is an end view of the embodiment of Fig. 6;
- Fig. 8 shows a fourth embodiment of a press roll assembly according to the invention in cross section.
- an extrusion solution 2 is produced.
- a suspension of dry or moist crushed cellulose and water and / or tertiary amine oxide is formed in one or more mixers. Sufficient water is evaporated from the suspension using elevated temperatures under reduced pressure to produce a cellulose solution which serves as an extrusion solution.
- An extrusion solution 2 is prepared in a reaction container 1.
- the extrusion solution contains cellulose, water and tertiary amine oxide, for example N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) and optionally stabilizers for thermal stabilization of the cellulose and the solvent.
- Stabilizers can e.g. be: Propylgate or alkaline media or mixtures with each other.
- additives can be present, such as titanium dioxide, barium sulfate, graphite, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyethylene glycols, ketine, ketusan, alginic acid, polysaccharides, dyes, antibacterial chemicals, flame retardants containing phosphorus, halogens or nitrogen, activated carbon, carbon blacks or electrically conductive carbon blacks , Silica and organic solvents as diluents etc.
- the extrusion solution 2 is conveyed through a line system 4 via a pump 3.
- a pressure compensation container 5 is arranged in the line system 4, which compensates for pressure and / or volume flow fluctuations in the line system 4, so that an extrusion head 6 can be supplied with the extrusion solution 2 continuously and uniformly.
- the line system 4 is provided with temperature control devices (not shown), by means of which the temperature of the extrusion solution 2 used here as an example can be precisely controlled, and with a filtration unit (not shown). This is necessary because the chemical and mechanical properties of the extrusion solution are strongly temperature-dependent. The viscosity of the extrusion solution 2 thus decreases with increasing temperature and / or increasing shear rate. In the pipe system 4 there are further bursting devices which are necessary because of the tendency of the extrusion solution to spontaneously exotherm. In the event of a spontaneous exothermic reaction, the burst protection devices prevent damage to the line system 4 and to the pressure expansion tank 5 and to the downstream extrusion head 6, as can occur due to the reaction pressure.
- a spontaneous exothermic reaction in the extrusion solution 2 occurs, for example, when a certain temperature is exceeded and when the extrusion solution 2 ages, preferably in dead water areas.
- the line system 4 is designed to be flow-friendly in the entire area through which the highly viscous extrusion solution flows.
- the extrusion solution is distributed into a nozzle space 7 on a plurality of extrusion channels 8 in the form of spinning capillaries 8.
- the spinning capillaries 8 are arranged in a row, in FIG. 1 perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. A large number of continuous moldings is thus simultaneously produced by a single extrusion head 6.
- a multiplicity of extrusion heads 6 can also be provided, each of which embody a multiplicity of endless shapes or, in the case of the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1, form spinning threads. For the sake of simplicity, only one spinning capillary 8 is shown in FIG. 1.
- the spinning capillary usually has an inner diameter D of less than 500 ⁇ m, for special applications the diameter can also be less than 100 ⁇ m, preferably around 50 to 70 ⁇ m.
- the length L of the spinning capillary through which the extrusion solution flows is at least twice, at most 100 to 150 times the inner diameter D.
- the spinning capillary 8 is at least partially surrounded by a heating device 9, by means of which the wall temperature of the spinning capillary 8 can be controlled.
- the wall- The temperature of the spinning capillary 8 is around 150 ° C. during operation.
- the temperature of the spinning solution is between approx. 80 and 130 ° C during operation.
- the spinning capillaries 8 can also be mounted in any form in a carrier body which is heated from the outside, so that high hole densities result in the extrusion head 6.
- the heating device 9 preferably extends to the outlet opening 10 of the extrusion channel located in the flow direction S. As a result, the wall of the extrusion channel 8 is heated up to the extrusion channel opening 10.
- the extrusion solution is extruded in the extrusion channel 8 and then exits in the form of a spinning thread 11 into an air gap 12.
- the air gap has a height H in the flow direction S of the extrusion solution.
- Air 13 of the extrusion solution is fed from the extrusion head 6 in the air gap 12 at high speed.
- the direction of flow can be guided horizontally up to the extrusion thread;
- the flow speed of the air 13 can be greater than the extrusion speed of the filament with which the endless molded body exits from the extrusion channel opening 10. Due to an essentially coaxially guided air flow, a tensile stress acts on the interface between the continuous molded body 11 and the air 13, through which the continuous molded body 11 can be stretched.
- the continuous molded body After crossing the air gap 12, the continuous molded body enters a coagulation bath zone 14, in which it is moistened or wetted with a coagulation solution.
- the humidification can be done either by means of a spraying or wetting device (not shown), or by immersing the endless molded body 11 in the coagulation bath.
- the extrusion solution is stabilized by the coagulation bath solution.
- the endless molded body 11 is deposited on a conveyor device 15 essentially without tension.
- the conveyor 15 is equipped as a vibratory conveyor. Due to the reciprocating movement of the shaking conveyor 16, the endless filaments are deposited in ordered stacks 17 on the conveyor.
- the endless molded body 11 can stabilize itself without any adverse effects on the mechanical properties of the endless molded body 11, such as can occur, for example, due to an early mechanical stress shortly after the extrusion of the continuous molded body 11.
- the continuous form body 11 is drawn off before or after the conveyor device 15 by means of a take-off mechanism 18 and fed to a cutting machine 20 via deflection or conveyor devices 19.
- the corresponding fiber parameters such as titer, strength and elongation are set via the take-off mechanism 18.
- the continuous moldings 11 of only a part of the extrusion heads 6 or all of the extrusion heads 6 are introduced in parallel.
- the cutting machine 20 there is a pair of rollers (not shown) for feeding the continuous shape body bundle 11 of the various extrusion heads 6 to the cutting apparatus, the actual cutting apparatus (not shown) and a staple fiber washing device (not shown).
- the cutting device pulls the cable fed from the pair of draw-off rollers to horizontally rotating cutting knives by means of a water jet injector.
- the fiber mass is cut to a predetermined length by the cutting knife.
- the cutting knives stay in shape during the cutting process due to constant regrinding.
- the water jet feed leads to a first dissolution of the staple fiber packages that arise during the cutting process before the staple fiber packages are suspended to form a fiber mass.
- An essentially mat-shaped fiber mass 21 emerges from the cutting machine 21 and, together with the water that was fed in during the cutting process, is washed into a device 22 for treating the fiber mass 21.
- the fiber mass 21 is formed by a tangle of the fibers cut in the cutting machine 20.
- the device 22 for treating the fiber mass 21 essentially forms the subject of the present invention.
- typical treatment steps for viscose fibers are carried out, such as deacidification, desulfurization, washing, bleaching and washing, antichlor treatment, water washing and application of finish / fat coating or other chemicals.
- the individual treatment steps or phases each take place in treatment zones 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, which are separated from one another by press roller arrangements 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33.
- an impregnation device 34, 35, 36, 37, 38 in each case supplies a treatment fluid associated with this treatment zone or treatment step from corresponding reservoirs 39, 40, 41, 42, 43.
- the treatment zones have a distance of at least approx.
- the distance can be up to 10 m and more, depending on the requirements of the treatment process.
- the individual press roll arrangements 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33 can also follow one another directly, so that the press rolls do not just touch.
- the reservoirs 39 to 43 are supplied with treatment fluid in countercurrent, i.e. the treatment fluid from a step following in the direction of conveyance B of the fiber mass 21 is fed substantially unpurified to a treatment step lying upstream in the direction of treatment; the direction of the flow of the treatment fluid through the device 22 is opposite to the direction of conveyance of the fiber mass 21 through the device 22.
- the purity of the treatment fluid in the storage containers 39 to 43, which are arranged as a collecting container under the fiber mass 21, consequently increases.
- the fiber mass 21 is transported by the device 22 on a conveyor 44, which can be designed as a belt conveyor with an endless screen belt or wire mesh belt, as a vibratory conveyor or as an eccentric latch conveyor.
- the press roll arrangements 28 to 33 can, as shown in FIG. 1, either be designed as paired rolls or as stand-alone rolls with a fixed counter pressure surface.
- the contact pressure of the rollers can be adjusted electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically as well as mechanically, e.g. generated.
- the typical contact pressure of the press roll is up to approx. 100 N per mm roll width.
- the treatment fluid introduced in the respective treatment zone 23 to 27 is pressed out of the fiber mass and a carryover of the treatment fluid from a previous treatment step into the next treatment step is prevented.
- the fiber mass 21 can be fed to further treatment steps, not shown in FIG. 1.
- a drying device with opening units for dehumidification and loosening of the fiber mass can be connected, followed by a packaging unit for producing a product ready for dispatch.
- Fig. 1 shows an example of the production of a fiber mass from a cellulose-containing spinning solution.
- the use of the device 22 is, however, not limited to cellulose fibers, but can also be used on nonwoven or woven fiber masses made of spun threads of a different composition.
- Other manufacturing processes are known from the prior art for producing such fiber masses from non-viscous or non-cellulosic fibers.
- a press roll arrangement is described below as an example. Since the basic function of the press roll arrangements 28 to 33 is the same in each case, only a single press roll arrangement is dealt with in the following description by way of example.
- FIG 2 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a press roll arrangement 50 according to the invention for treating the fiber mass 21 in a section perpendicular to the direction of movement B of the fiber mass 21.
- the press roller arrangement shown in FIG. 2 is used for cable washing or for staple fiber washing at low speeds and large fiber masses, the fiber mass being moved in the conveying direction at a speed of approximately 40 m / min. This speed corresponds to the extrusion speed of the Endless molded body on the extrusion head.
- the fiber throughput is approx. 52 kg / (m 2 h), the treatment fluid being supplied at a flow rate of 125 m 3 / (hm) per m roll width.
- the press roll arrangement 50 has a press roll 51 which is rotatably mounted on a bearing (not shown in FIG. 2) and rotates in the direction of the arrow P with the movement of the fiber mass 21.
- the press roller 51 is pressed into the fiber mass 21 with a pressing force F.
- a press jacket surface 52 is formed, which is the imaginary envelope surface around the press roller 51 through which the press pressure generated by the press force F acts on the fiber mass 21.
- the area over which the pressing force F acts on the fiber mass 21 as a pressing pressure via the pressing surface 52 is referred to as the pressing zone 53.
- the pressing pressure initially increases in the press zone up to approximately the area in which the press roller 51 penetrates the deepest into the fiber mass 21.
- the area of the pressing pressure increasing in the direction of movement B of the fiber mass is referred to below as the compression area 54.
- the compression region 54 is followed by an expansion region 55 in the direction of movement B of the fiber mass 21, in which the pressing pressure decreases again in the direction of movement B of the fiber mass.
- the treatment fluid 56 received in the fiber mass 21 is pressed out, so that after the compression zone 54 there is almost no treatment fluid 56 from the previous treatment step in the fiber mass 21.
- the press roll 51 is provided with through openings 57 which extend from the inside of the press roll to the outside of the press roll.
- the through openings 57 end in recesses 58, the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the through openings 57.
- the recesses can also be provided in a slot shape along the press roller axis and distributed over the circumference accordingly. With a roller diameter of 400 mm, the diameter of the bores is 3 to 12 mm.
- the degree of opening of the press roller 51 is approximately 5 to 40%, largely independent of its diameter.
- the through bores 57 can be distributed randomly, in rows in the axial direction or in the circumferential direction or offset from one another on the outer circumferential surface 59.
- the interior of the press roll forms part of an impregnation device through which treatment fluid is introduced into the fiber mass.
- a cover body 60 which is essentially tubular and has an opening 61 in the form of a slot which extends in the axial direction of the press roller 51 and which faces the press zone.
- the cover body 60 does not move with the press roller 51, but is stationary.
- the cover body 60 is provided with sealing elements 62, so that no treatment fluid can get from the interior 63 of the press roller 51 between the cover body 60 and the inner peripheral surface 64 of the press roller 51.
- the cover body 60 serves to delimit the region 65 via which the treatment fluid is introduced into the fiber mass 21.
- the area 65 extends according to FIG. 2 mainly in the area of the expansion zone 55, but also - at least in sections - in the area of the compression zone 54. If treatment fluid, which for example under a pressure of 2.5 can be up to 3 bar, is passed through the through openings 57, this treatment fluid in the compression zone 54, the treatment fluid 56, indicated schematically in Fig. 2, from the previous treatment step and at the same time it becomes in the expansion zone 55 by the capillary action and that Swelling of the fiber mass 21 absorbed due to the decreasing pressure. The result is a homogeneous and rapid distribution of the treatment fluid fed through the press roller 51 or the press jacket surface 52.
- the first cover body held by 60 coaxially in the press roller 51 pivotable about its longitudinal axis X, as indicated by the double arrow A.
- FIG. 3 shows a further development of the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 2. Only the differences from the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 2 are discussed below.
- the fiber mass 21 can be used, for example, for washing a cellulose fleece with a weight of approximately 4.1 kg / m 2 as the fiber mass 21.
- the fiber mass is moved in the conveying direction at a speed of approx. 0.1 m / min.
- the fiber throughput per m roll width in such an application is around 40 kg / (hm 2 ).
- the treatment fluid is supplied with a throughput of 0.7 m 3 / (hm).
- the cover body in the development of FIG. 3 is divided into two cover bodies 60a and 60b.
- Each of the two cover bodies 60a, 60b is held independently of the other cover body on the inner peripheral surface 64 of the press roller 51 so as to be pivotable about its longitudinal axis X. 3, both the opening angle ⁇ and the orientation of the slot 61 can be changed by adjusting a cover body 60a, 60b or both cover bodies 60a, 60b.
- a sealing body 66 is provided which covers a movement slot 67, which is also formed by the two cover bodies 60a, 60b and ensures the mobility of the two cover bodies 60a, 60b relative to one another.
- the sealing body 66 can be arranged within the cover body 60a, 60b or, in an alternative embodiment, between the cover body 60a, 60b and the press roller 51. At its ends, the tubular sealing body 66 provided with a longitudinal slot is provided with sealing elements 68, which prevent treatment fluid from penetrating between the cover body and the sealing body.
- FIG. 4 A second exemplary embodiment of a press roll arrangement according to the invention is shown in FIG. 4.
- the same reference numerals are used for elements whose structure or function essentially correspond to the elements of the previous exemplary embodiment.
- the press roll 51 is formed from a plurality of ribs 70 running in the axial direction X of the press roll 51.
- the ribs have a wall thickness which increases in the radial direction from the inside of the press roll 51 to the outside.
- the ribs 70 form the press jacket surface 52 at least in sections in the press zone 53.
- the ribs 70 are each fastened to fastening disks or rings at the two ends of the press jacket surface lying in the axial direction X.
- the ribs 70 all run parallel to one another and are equally spaced from one another, the region 71 lying between them is essentially free of material.
- the ribs 70 can be connected to one another by circumferential, disc-shaped or annular struts, so that they achieve greater mechanical stability.
- the degree of opening of the press roller 40 can be up to between 90 and 95% in individual cases.
- the number of ribs is between 30 and 80, preferably around 60.
- the width of the rib in the circumferential direction can be between 1 and 20 mm, although with wider webs a higher pressure but a lower liquid throughput is achievable.
- An impregnation device 72 is arranged in the interior 63 of the press roller 51, through which treatment fluid is conducted into the interior 63 of the press roller 51.
- Such an impregnation device 72 can, for example, alternatively also be used in the embodiment of FIG. 2 instead of or together with the cover body 60.
- the impregnation device according to the embodiment of FIG. 2 or 3 together with the cover body 60 described there can also be used.
- the impregnation device 72 of the embodiment of FIG. 4 consists of a central feed line 73 which runs coaxially to the axis X of the press roller 51.
- the supply line 73 is shown in section in FIG. 4 at its end lying in the axial direction X, but an end cap can also be provided at its right end in FIG. 4, or the supply line 73 can extend through the entire press roller 51 in the axial direction X. and deliver the treatment fluid to a further press roll assembly.
- the end of the feed line 73 located in the flow direction S of the treatment fluid can be connected to the inlet of the feed line 73 in order to enable recycling of the treatment fluid in this treatment step.
- the impregnation device 72 is further provided with one or a plurality of spray nozzles 74 which are directed onto the fiber mass 21.
- the treatment fluid flows from the central feed line or the collecting pipe 73 through the individual nozzles 74 and between the ribs 70 into the fiber mass 21.
- FIG. 5 shows a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction X of the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 4.
- the treatment fluid forms a spray cone 75 from the spray nozzles 74, the spray cones 75 overlapping one another in such a way that there is no area in the pressing zone 53 which is not wetted by the treatment fluid ,
- the spray cones 75 can be conical or flat.
- each rib 70 is dimensioned such that the ribs essentially located in the press zone 53 form a weir through which one direct flow of the treatment fluid between the areas on both sides of the press zone is not possible.
- a spray nozzle 74 ' is directed towards the compression zone in order to rinse out any treatment fluid 56 flowing in there from the previous treatment step.
- the treatment area 65 can be adjusted in terms of size and orientation by adjusting the spray nozzles 74 via an adjusting device 76, for example by attaching the spray nozzles 74 to pipes 76 which are rotatable relative to one another and concentric with the feed line 73.
- the spacing of the ribs in the circumferential direction from one another is dimensioned such that a sufficient amount of treatment fluid can pass between the ribs and at the same time the pressing pressure in the pressing zone 53 can still act uniformly on the fiber mass 21.
- FIG. 6 shows a perspective illustration of a third exemplary embodiment of a press roll arrangement 50 according to the invention.
- the same reference numerals as in the previous exemplary embodiments are used for elements whose structure and function correspond to an element of the previous exemplary embodiments.
- the press roller 51 of the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 6 has ribs 70 which are spaced apart from one another in the axial direction X of the press roller 51 and between which an intermediate space 71 is formed.
- the press roll arrangement 50 also has two impregnation devices 72a, 72b which are arranged on both sides of the press roll 51 with respect to the direction of movement B of the fiber mass, which is not shown in FIG. 6 for the sake of simplicity.
- Each impregnation device 72a, 72b has a collecting pipe 73 running parallel to the axial direction X of the press roller 51, from which feed lines 80 extend into the spaces 71 between the ribs 70 and into the press zone 53.
- the feed lines 80 of the two impregnation devices 72a and 72b are connected to one another in one piece, so that the treatment flow id flows from the collecting pipe 73 of the impregnating device 72a to the collecting pipe 73 of the impregnating device 72b and some of the treatment fluid in the pressing zone 53 exits through openings of the supply lines 80, not shown in FIG. 6.
- the feed lines 80 of the impregnation device 72a and the feed lines 80 of the impregnation device 72b can also be separated from one another, so that a treatment fluid other than the treatment device 72b is fed into the press zone 53 through the treatment device 72b. This allows greater variability and adaptability of the treatment that can be carried out by the press roller arrangement 50 to different fiber masses and treatment fluids.
- the cross section of the feed lines 80 is designed such that it essentially corresponds to the cross section of the interstices 71 and thus largely fills the interstices 71.
- the flow S of the treatment fluid through the collecting pipe 73 is conducted through the feed lines 80 into the press zone 53. This can be seen in particular in FIG. 7, in which an end view of the embodiment of FIG. 6 in the direction of movement B of the fiber mass 21 is shown.
- FIG. 7 shows a feed line as a partial section in the area of the press zone, in particular in the area of the expansion area 55.
- the feed line has openings 81, through which the treatment fluid exits into the intermediate space 71 and enters the fiber mass 21 through the press surface 52.
- the section of the feed lines 80 facing the fiber mass 21 can also come into contact with the fiber mass 21. In this case, however, special precautions must be taken with regard to the surface quality and abrasion resistance of the feed lines 80 in order to prevent damage to the fiber mass 21 and premature wear of the feed lines 80 due to the fiber mass 21 being transported under pressure.
- the impregnation device which is at the front with respect to the direction of movement B of the fiber mass 21 can 72a can also be designed as a suction device with which treatment fluid is sucked out of the compression area, for example, via the openings 81 in the feed lines 80.
- FIG. 7 also shows a drive means 82, for example an electric motor, by means of which the press roller 51 is driven in rotation in synchronism with the movement of the fiber mass.
- a drive means 82 can also be used in other exemplary embodiments.
- the press roller itself can be used as a conveying means for the fiber mass 21, through which the fiber mass 21 is transported through the individual treatment steps of the press plant.
- Fig. 8 shows a fourth embodiment of a press roller arrangement 50 according to the invention in a section parallel to the direction of movement B of the fiber mass 21 and perpendicular to the axial direction X of the press roller 51.
- the press roller arrangement 50 according to FIG. 8 has a counter-pressure roller 90, which with one of the pressing force Fi Press roll 51 opposing pressing force F 2 of the same size is pressed into the fiber mass 21.
- the press roller 51 and the counter-pressure roller 90 both have the same structure, which corresponds to the structure of the first exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
- the treatment fluid from the previous treatment step is sucked off by the counter-pressure roller 90 in the expansion area 54, while in the expansion area 55, as indicated by the arrow S 2 , treatment fluid for the next treatment step is passed through the press roller 52 into the fiber mass.
- each roller 51, 90 in the press zone 53 can effect both suction and impregnation.
- the press roll arrangement responsible for the next treatment step can immediately follow, because due to the impregnation of the fiber mass 21 through the press jacket surface 52, an immediate homogeneous Distribution of the treatment fluid in the fiber mass 21 takes place.
- impregnation process Due to the immediate homogeneous distribution within the fiber mass 21, which is supported by the small fiber spacing in the expansion zone 55 and the resulting capillary action, the impregnation process can be carried out more precisely and controlled more easily. As a result, impregnation is also possible with treatment fluids that can be handled critically and that, under certain circumstances, tend to undergo spontaneous chemical reactions.
- rollers according to the invention can also be used elsewhere in a plant for fiber production, for example as take-off rollers with an integrated guard device.
- fiber masses made of natural or synthetic fibers can also be treated by the device and the method according to the invention, for example fiber masses made of viscose, acetate, polyester, polyamide and polyacrylic.
- a fiber cable produced by the Lyocell process is stacked using a wet cutting machine and, in this state, applied to a treatment device 22 as fiber mass 21.
- the weight is based on the fiber mass in the absolutely dry state.
- the fiber cable is directly riges cutting of the treatment device 22 supplied as a fiber mass 21.
- Water is used as the treatment fluid in all examples.
- the device 22 is designed in such a way that in each treatment zone the fiber mass 21 is completely penetrated by the treatment fluid over its entire thickness.
- Example 1 the impregnation of the fiber mass takes place according to the method from the prior art by sprinkling the fiber mass with the treatment fluid in the conveying direction behind the press roller.
- the fiber mass 21 is not completely penetrated immediately after the treatment fluid hits it, so that the treatment fluid collects in a kind of lake above the fiber mass and only gradually seeps through the fiber mass 21.
- This sea formation increases with increasing thickness of the fiber mass.
- a complete penetration of the fiber mass with the treatment fluid is only achieved with a longer residence time of the fiber mass in the treatment zone.
- the treatment zone must have a corresponding length in the conveying direction of the fiber mass through the treatment device.
- Example 2 on the other hand, the treatment is carried out with a press roll designed according to the invention under treatment conditions which are otherwise identical to Example 1.
- the fiber throughput per m 2 of treatment zone and hour in example 1 that is to say the solution from the prior art, is significantly lower than in example 2.
- the press rolls according to the invention are also used, so that the fiber mass is penetrated immediately upon contact with the liquid and long treatment fields are not required for the fiber mass to be completely penetrated.
- the result is a much more uniform and faster distribution of the treatment fluid in the fiber mass.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US10/482,312 US20050015889A1 (en) | 2001-06-30 | 2002-04-18 | Method and device for treating a fiber mass |
KR1020037016111A KR100562972B1 (ko) | 2001-06-30 | 2002-04-18 | 섬유재를 처리하는 방법 및 장치 |
CA002449733A CA2449733C (en) | 2001-06-30 | 2002-04-18 | Method and device for treating a fibre mass |
DE50206085T DE50206085D1 (de) | 2001-06-30 | 2002-04-18 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum behandeln einer fasermasse |
EP02745240A EP1402100B1 (de) | 2001-06-30 | 2002-04-18 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum behandeln einer fasermasse |
BR0211050-4A BR0211050A (pt) | 2001-06-30 | 2002-04-18 | Método e dispositivo para o tratamento de uma massa de fibras |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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DE10132214A DE10132214A1 (de) | 2001-06-30 | 2001-06-30 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Behandeln einer Fasermasse |
DE10132214.3 | 2001-06-30 |
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WO2003004750A1 true WO2003004750A1 (de) | 2003-01-16 |
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US (1) | US20050015889A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1402100B1 (de) |
KR (1) | KR100562972B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1283872C (de) |
AT (1) | ATE320519T1 (de) |
BR (1) | BR0211050A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2449733C (de) |
DE (2) | DE10132214A1 (de) |
MY (1) | MY135522A (de) |
TW (1) | TWI222478B (de) |
WO (1) | WO2003004750A1 (de) |
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CN101643983B (zh) * | 2009-09-07 | 2011-07-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 纤维丝悬滴涂覆上浆方法所用的装置 |
CN101824715B (zh) * | 2010-01-22 | 2012-05-16 | 中国人民解放军总后勤部军需装备研究所 | 一种纤维束漂洗柔软方法及装置 |
EP3564415A1 (de) * | 2013-10-29 | 2019-11-06 | Braskem S.A. | System und verfahren zur dosierung einer polymermischung mit einem ersten lösungsmittel |
KR102492969B1 (ko) * | 2015-06-11 | 2023-01-30 | 칼 마이어 쉬톨 알앤디 게엠베하 | 날실을 세척하기 위한 탱크 |
US10570542B2 (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2020-02-25 | Teresa Catallo | Apparatus and method for pre-shrinking a wet fabric prior to drying |
KR101953347B1 (ko) * | 2016-02-16 | 2019-05-22 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 에어로겔 시트용 제조기 |
CN109778463B (zh) * | 2019-01-28 | 2021-05-18 | 江苏华艺服饰有限公司 | 一种面料脱水装置的压挤式脱水结构 |
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US5546622A (en) * | 1994-07-05 | 1996-08-20 | Mcalister; Ronald E. | Fabric processing apparatus and method of treating a continous length of tubular-knit fabric in tubular form |
US6766817B2 (en) * | 2001-07-25 | 2004-07-27 | Tubarc Technologies, Llc | Fluid conduction utilizing a reversible unsaturated siphon with tubarc porosity action |
-
2001
- 2001-06-30 DE DE10132214A patent/DE10132214A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-04-18 AT AT02745240T patent/ATE320519T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-04-18 BR BR0211050-4A patent/BR0211050A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-04-18 CN CNB028133358A patent/CN1283872C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-04-18 US US10/482,312 patent/US20050015889A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-04-18 DE DE50206085T patent/DE50206085D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-04-18 CA CA002449733A patent/CA2449733C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-04-18 EP EP02745240A patent/EP1402100B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-18 KR KR1020037016111A patent/KR100562972B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-04-18 WO PCT/EP2002/004316 patent/WO2003004750A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-06-24 TW TW091113813A patent/TWI222478B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-06-27 MY MYPI20022431A patent/MY135522A/en unknown
-
2003
- 2003-11-28 ZA ZA200309318A patent/ZA200309318B/en unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2031475A1 (de) * | 1969-07-02 | 1971-03-18 | Iwanowskoje spesialnoje konstruk torskoje büro krasilno otdelotschnowo oborudowanija, SSSR Iwanowo (Sowjet union) | Einrichtung zur Flussigkeitsbe handlung eines sich im Strom kontinuier hch bewegenden Fasergutes |
DE2015787A1 (en) * | 1970-04-02 | 1971-11-04 | Brückner-Apparatebau GmbH, 6122 Erbach: | Applying thin dyestuff solutions |
DE3039834A1 (de) * | 1979-10-23 | 1981-05-07 | Société Anonyme des Ateliérs Houget Duesberg Bosson, Verviérs | Verfahren zum impraegnieren von vorgarn und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TWI461584B (zh) * | 2007-07-11 | 2014-11-21 | Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag | 處理纖維物質之裝置及方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MY135522A (en) | 2008-05-30 |
KR20040007670A (ko) | 2004-01-24 |
DE10132214A1 (de) | 2002-06-06 |
CN1283872C (zh) | 2006-11-08 |
ZA200309318B (en) | 2004-09-16 |
BR0211050A (pt) | 2004-07-20 |
CN1522322A (zh) | 2004-08-18 |
CA2449733C (en) | 2007-02-27 |
DE50206085D1 (de) | 2006-05-11 |
CA2449733A1 (en) | 2003-01-16 |
US20050015889A1 (en) | 2005-01-27 |
EP1402100B1 (de) | 2006-03-15 |
KR100562972B1 (ko) | 2006-03-23 |
TWI222478B (en) | 2004-10-21 |
EP1402100A1 (de) | 2004-03-31 |
ATE320519T1 (de) | 2006-04-15 |
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