WO2002057754A1 - Procede et systeme pour la detection d'une substance chimique - Google Patents
Procede et systeme pour la detection d'une substance chimique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002057754A1 WO2002057754A1 PCT/JP2002/000267 JP0200267W WO02057754A1 WO 2002057754 A1 WO2002057754 A1 WO 2002057754A1 JP 0200267 W JP0200267 W JP 0200267W WO 02057754 A1 WO02057754 A1 WO 02057754A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- chemical substance
- substrate
- gas
- measured
- detecting
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/55—Specular reflectivity
- G01N21/552—Attenuated total reflection
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for detecting a chemical substance capable of analyzing a chemical substance present in the environment with high sensitivity and high speed.
- VOCs volatile organic compounds
- thermal desorption GC-MS In thermal desorption GC-MS, first, a measurement gas is adsorbed on a porous substance such as TENAX. Next, this is heated to release the adsorbed chemical substances, and the components of the chemical substances are identified and quantified by a mass spectrometer. This makes it possible to perform component separation and structural analysis of trace amounts of chemical substances as a series of measurements.
- FTIR infrared light source 100 irradiates an infrared ray to a gas to be measured.
- the infrared ray that has passed through the gas to be measured is spectrally analyzed by the spectroscopic analyzer 102 to determine an absorption spectrum.
- FTIR is a real-time measurement method because the instrument configuration is simpler than GC-MS and the time required for measurement is shorter. In addition, FTIR has the advantage that the instrument can be brought into the measurement environment and measurements can be made on the spot.
- GC-MS usually requires several hours for measurement, so it can be said that it is a measurement method lacking in real-time from the viewpoint of environmental monitoring.
- the work of preparing the column for GC-MS input must be performed in a laboratory or the like, and the environment cannot be measured on the spot. For this reason, it was difficult to effectively feed back the measurement results to environmental management and the like.
- FTIR has a problem that it is difficult to measure the atmospheric environment with high sensitivity.
- an infrared light source and a spectroscopic analyzer are installed in the measurement environment, and the infrared light is directly radiated into the gas for spectral analysis. Is used.
- the detection sensitivity of FTIR for the chemical substance present in the gas is proportional to the optical path length irradiated with infrared rays. For example, in order to detect a chemical substance present at a concentration of 1 ppm in a gas by FTIR, the optical path length of the infrared ray is required to be about 1 m.
- an optical path length of 10 Om of infrared light is required. That is, in order to detect a trace amount of a chemical substance by FTIR, a large-scale optical system is required to secure the optical path length of infrared rays. For this reason, if it was attempted to detect trace chemical substances in the atmosphere using FTIR, the advantages of FTIR, which enabled in-situ measurement and had real-time properties, would be lost.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for detecting a chemical substance which can detect a chemical substance existing in the environment at high speed and with high sensitivity.
- the object is to expose a substrate to which a chemical substance is attached to a gas to be measured, to promote the chemical substance contained in the gas to be measured to adhere to the substrate, Infrared rays are incident on the substrate, and by analyzing infrared rays emitted after passing through the substrate or infrared rays reflected on the surface of the substrate, the type of the chemical substance attached to the substrate is identified and / or Calculate the amount of the chemical substance attached, and identify the type of the chemical substance in the gas to be measured and / or calculate the concentration of the chemical substance based on the amount of the chemical substance attached to the substrate. This is achieved by a method for detecting a chemical substance.
- the substrate may be cooled to promote the chemical substance in the gas to be measured to adhere to the substrate.
- the substrate may be exposed to the gas to be measured after the relative humidity of the gas to be measured is reduced.
- the relative humidity of the gas to be measured may be reduced by removing moisture in the gas to be measured. Further, in the chemical substance detection method described above, the relative humidity of the measurement target gas may be reduced by mixing the measurement target gas and the dry gas.
- the concentration of the chemical substance in the gas to be measured is determined in consideration of the concentration of the chemical substance, which has decreased with a decrease in the relative humidity in the gas to be measured. You may make it calculate.
- the chemical substance of the gas to be measured is promoted to adhere to the substrate. Is also good.
- the substrate is accommodated in a container having an intake port and an exhaust port, the gas to be measured is introduced into the container from the intake port, and the substrate is introduced from the exhaust port.
- the measurement target gas may be caused to flow.
- the substrate is made of a substance that transmits infrared rays, and the infrared rays emitted after multiple reflections inside the substrate are analyzed, whereby the chemical substance attached to the substrate is analyzed.
- the type may be identified and the amount of Z or the attached chemical substance may be calculated.
- the substrate is made of a substance that transmits infrared light, is incident on one surface side of the substrate, is transmitted through the substrate, and is emitted from the other surface side of the substrate.
- the type of the chemical substance attached to the substrate may be identified and / or the amount of the chemical substance attached may be calculated by analyzing infrared rays.
- the substrate has a pair of substrates arranged substantially in parallel, and analyzing the infrared light emitted after multiple reflection between the pair of substrates, The type of the chemical substance attached to the substrate may be identified and / or the amount of the chemical substance attached may be calculated.
- the surface state of the substrate may be initialized by periodically removing the chemical substance attached to the substrate.
- the chemical substance attached to the substrate may be removed by heating the substrate.
- the substrate may be irradiated with ultraviolet rays to remove the chemical substance attached to the substrate.
- the object is to provide a substrate to which a chemical substance in a gas to be measured is adhered, an adhesion rate improving means for promoting the adhesion of the chemical substance in the gas to be measured to the substrate, and the chemical substance
- An infrared incident means for injecting an infrared ray into the adhered substrate; and an infrared ray emitted after passing through the substrate or an infrared ray reflected on the surface of the substrate, whereby the chemical substance adhered to the substrate is analyzed.
- Infrared analysis means for identifying the type of and / or calculating the amount of adhesion of the chemical substance, and based on the analysis result of the infrared analysis means, identifying the type of the chemical substance in the gas to be measured and / or
- the present invention is achieved by a chemical substance detection device having a chemical substance detection means for calculating the concentration of a chemical substance.
- the substrate is made of a substance that transmits infrared light, and the infrared analysis means adheres to the substrate by analyzing infrared light emitted after multiple reflection inside the substrate.
- the type of the chemical substance may be identified and / or the amount of the chemical substance attached may be calculated.
- the substrate is made of a substance that transmits infrared light
- the infrared analysis means is incident from one surface side of the substrate, transmits the substrate, and transmits the infrared light to the other side of the substrate.
- the type of the chemical substance attached to the substrate may be identified, and Z or the attached amount of the chemical substance may be calculated.
- the substrate has a pair of substrates arranged substantially in parallel, and the infrared analysis means emits infrared light emitted after multiple reflection between the pair of substrates.
- the analysis may identify the type of the chemical substance attached to the substrate and / or calculate the amount of the chemical substance attached.
- the adhesion rate improving unit may be a cooling device that cools the substrate.
- the cooling device may cool a portion of the substrate that does not serve as an infrared light path.
- a humidity reducing unit that reduces a relative humidity of the gas to be measured may be further included.
- the humidity reducing unit may be a filter that removes moisture in the gas to be measured.
- the humidity reducing unit includes a cooling unit that cools the gas to be measured before the gas reaches the infrared-transmitting substrate, and is formed by dew condensation in the cooling unit.
- the moisture in the gas to be measured may be removed to reduce the relative humidity of the gas to be measured.
- the humidity reducing means may reduce the relative humidity of the gas to be measured by mixing the gas to be measured and a dry gas.
- a container for accommodating the substrate may further include gas flow means for flowing the gas to be measured in the vessel.
- the apparatus may further include a substrate cleaning unit that removes the chemical substance attached to the substrate surface and initializes a surface state of the substrate.
- the substrate cleaning means may remove the chemical substance attached to the substrate by heating the substrate. In the above chemical substance detection device, the substrate cleaning means may remove the chemical substance attached to the substrate by irradiating the substrate surface with ultraviolet rays.
- a substrate to which a chemical substance is attached is exposed to a gas to be measured, a chemical substance contained in the gas to be measured is promoted to adhere to the substrate, and infrared rays are applied to the substrate to which the chemical substance is attached.
- the type of chemical substance attached to the substrate is identified and / or the amount of the attached chemical substance is calculated by analyzing the infrared ray emitted after being incident and transmitted through the substrate or the infrared ray reflected at the surface of the substrate. Since the type of chemical substance in the gas to be measured is identified and / or the concentration of the chemical substance is calculated based on the amount of the chemical substance adhered to the substrate, the chemical substance existing in the environment can be detected at high speed and with high sensitivity. It can be detected.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of a chemical substance detection method and device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the means for improving the substrate adhesion ratio in the chemical substance detection device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the means for improving the substrate adhesion ratio in the chemical substance detection device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the means for improving the substrate adhesion ratio in the chemical substance detection device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of detecting a chemical substance attached to a substrate surface by the infrared multiple internal reflection method.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a chemical substance detection means in the chemical substance detection device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a chemical substance detecting means in the chemical substance detection device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a chemical substance detection means in the chemical substance detection device according to the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing the structure of the chemical substance detection device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a method of cooling an infrared transmitting substrate by a cooling device in the chemical substance detection device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a graph showing an infrared transmission spectrum of GaAs.
- Figure 12 shows the infrared absorption spectrum of an acetone standard sample.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing a spectrum showing the result of acetone detection obtained by the chemical substance detection method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a chemical substance detection device according to a modification of the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a graph showing the relationship between humidity and dew point at room temperature of 25 ° C.
- FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure in a case where the humidity of a gas to be measured is reduced using a moisture removal filter in the chemical substance detection device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure in a case where the humidity of a gas to be measured is reduced using a pipe cooling device in the chemical substance detection device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure in a case where the humidity of the gas to be measured is reduced using a gas mixing device in the chemical substance detection device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram showing the measurement principle of FTIR.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of the method and apparatus for detecting a chemical substance according to the present invention.
- FIGS. 2 to 4 are schematic diagrams showing examples of the substrate adhesion rate improving means
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of detection of a chemical substance attached to the substrate surface by the infrared multiple internal reflection method
- FIGS. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a chemical substance detecting means.
- the chemical substance detection device comprises, as basic components, a substrate 10 to which a chemical substance in a gas to be measured adheres, and an adhesion rate of the chemical substance to the substrate 10 surface. And a chemical substance detecting means 14 for identifying the type of the chemical substance attached to the surface of the substrate 10 and / or calculating the amount of the attached chemical substance. .
- the substrate adhesion rate improving means 12 will be described with reference to FIGS.
- the chemical substance detection method and apparatus detects a chemical substance in a gas to be measured by analyzing a chemical substance attached to the surface of the substrate 10 exposed to the gas to be measured. Therefore, it is necessary to concentrate and attach the chemical substance to the surface of the substrate 10 in order to realize the detection of the chemical substance with higher sensitivity than the conventional technique.
- the means for improving the substrate adhesion rate 12 is for attaching the chemical substance to the surface of the substrate 10 in a concentrated state.
- a means for flowing the gas to be measured toward the surface of the substrate 10 can be used.
- an electric fan or the like can be used as the substrate adhesion rate improving means 12. This increases the probability that the chemical substance in the gas to be measured collides with the surface of the substrate 10. As a result, the chemical substance can be efficiently attached to the surface of the substrate 10.
- the substrate 10 is accommodated in the substrate enclosing container 16, and the substrate adhesion rate improving means 12 introduces and exhausts the gas to be measured into the substrate enclosing container 16. May be. This allows the gas to be measured to efficiently flow near the surface of the substrate 10. As a result, the efficiency with which the chemical substance in the gas to be measured adheres to the surface of the substrate 10 can be improved.
- the surface of the chemical substance The rate of adhesion to the particles can be improved.
- the chemical substance detection means 14 is for identifying the type of chemical substance attached to the surface of the substrate 10 from the gas to be measured and / or calculating the amount of the attached chemical substance. Based on the result of the detection of the chemical substance attached to the surface of the substrate 10 by the chemical substance detection means 14, it becomes possible to identify the type of the chemical substance in the gas to be measured and / or calculate the abundance.
- FTIR Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
- an infrared multiple internal reflection method can be used.
- the principle of detecting a chemical substance attached to the substrate surface by the infrared multiple internal reflection method will be described with reference to FIG.
- I is the light reflection intensity before and after the chemical substance adheres to the surface
- c is the concentration of organic matter on the surface
- A is a constant.
- Absorption of infrared rays described above is a property inherent to the structure of a molecule. Therefore, the type, Z, or the amount of the environmental pollutant 19 attached to the surface of the substrate 10 from the measurement target gas is measured by spectrally analyzing infrared light emitted after multiple reflection inside the substrate 10. It becomes possible. Based on this result, it becomes possible to identify the type of environmental pollutant 19 in the gas to be measured and / or calculate the concentration.
- the above-described method has advantages such as no need for complicated sample pretreatment, real-time measurement, and short measurement time.
- the spectral analysis of infrared light that has undergone multiple reflections improves the signal-to-noise ratio (SZN ratio), enabling highly sensitive detection of chemical substances such as environmental pollutants.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a chemical substance detecting apparatus using a multiple internal reflection FTIR method as the chemical substance detecting means 14 together with the substrate adhesion rate improving means 12 shown in FIG.
- an infrared light source 20 for injecting infrared light serving as probe light into the substrate 10 is arranged near one end face of the substrate 10 accommodated in the substrate enclosure 16. Infrared light from the infrared light source 20 enters the substrate 10 so as to be reflected multiple times.
- an infrared ray detection device 22 Near the end face of the substrate 10 opposite to the end face on which the infrared light source 20 is arranged, an infrared ray detection device 22 that detects infrared rays emitted from the substrate 10 after multiple reflection inside the substrate 10 is provided.
- the infrared detection device 22 for example, an FTIR device that performs Fourier transform spectroscopy analysis of incident infrared light is used.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a chemical substance detecting means for detecting a chemical substance by spectrally analyzing infrared light transmitted through the substrate 10 together with the substrate adhesion rate improving means 12 shown in FIG. 3.
- an infrared light source 20 for irradiating infrared rays to the surface of the substrate 10 is arranged near one surface of the substrate 10 housed in the substrate enclosing container 16.
- an infrared detection device 22 that detects infrared light transmitted through the substrate 10 and performs spectral analysis is disposed.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a chemical substance detection apparatus using an ATR method as the chemical substance detection means 14.
- the substrate enclosing container 16 accommodates a pair of substrates 25a and 25b arranged substantially in parallel.
- an infrared light source 20 for injecting infrared light serving as probe light between the substrates 25a and 25b is arranged.
- the infrared light from the infrared light source 20 is incident so as to cause multiple reflection between the opposing substrates 25a and 25b. Near the end face of the substrates 25a and 25b opposite to the end face on which the infrared light source 20 is disposed, the infrared light emitted after multiple reflection between the opposed substrates 25a and 25b is provided.
- An infrared detector 22 for detecting and performing spectral analysis is provided.
- the chemical substance detection method and apparatus by providing the substrate adhesion rate improving means 12, efficiently adheres a large amount of the chemical substance in the gas to be measured to the substrate 10 surface, It is characterized in that the chemical substance attached to the surface of the substrate 10 is detected by the chemical substance detecting means 14 using infrared rays. This makes it possible to realize highly sensitive detection of chemical substances present in minute amounts in the atmospheric environment.
- the method and apparatus for detecting a chemical substance according to the present invention are capable of simultaneously collecting a sample from a gas to be measured and detecting a chemical substance, that is, have real-time properties. Therefore, the measurement time can be significantly reduced as compared with the conventional measurement method using GC-MS.
- the conventional GC-MS-based measurement method requires a minimum of several hours of measurement time, but according to the present invention, a measurement time of several minutes to about 10 minutes is required. It is possible to detect chemical substances such as dioxin in a short time. (First Embodiment)
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of the chemical substance detection device according to the present embodiment
- FIG. 10 is a plan view illustrating an example of a method of cooling the infrared transmitting substrate by the cooling device
- FIG. 11 is an infrared transmitting crystal
- Fig. 12 shows the infrared absorption spectrum of the acetone standard sample
- Fig. 13 shows the detection of acetone in the air measured by the chemical substance detection device. This is a spectrum showing the result.
- an infrared transmitting substrate 26 for attaching a chemical substance in a gas to be measured and performing the measurement is mounted on a support 28.
- the support 28 is provided with a cooling device 30 so that the infrared transmitting substrate 26 can be cooled.
- the infrared transmitting substrate 26 is enclosed in a substrate enclosure 36 having an intake port 32 into which the gas to be measured is introduced and an exhaust port 34 from which the gas to be measured is exhausted. Opposite end surfaces of the outer transmission substrate 26 are exposed to the outside from both side surfaces of the substrate enclosure 36.
- the substrate enclosing container 36 is provided with a heating device 38, which can heat the entire substrate enclosing container 36 including the infrared transmitting substrate 26.
- a sampling pump 40 for flowing the gas to be measured in the substrate enclosure 36 is connected to the exhaust port 34 of the substrate enclosure 36.
- An incident optical system 42 is arranged near one end face of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 exposed outside the substrate enclosing container 36.
- the incident optical system 42 includes an infrared light source 44 that emits infrared light serving as probe light, a reflecting mirror 48 that guides infrared light emitted from the infrared light source 44 to a concave mirror 46, and a reflecting mirror 48. And a concave mirror 46 for condensing the guided infrared light and introducing it to the inside of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 so as to be reflected multiple times from the end face thereof.
- An infrared detector 50 is disposed via a detection optical system 52.
- the detection optical system 5 2 is a concave mirror 5 6 that collects infrared light emitted from the end face of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 and guides the infrared light to the reflecting mirror 54, and an infrared detector 5 that converts infrared light guided from the concave mirror 56 It is composed of a reflecting mirror 54 leading to zero.
- the infrared detector 50 for example, an FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) device that performs spectroscopic analysis of incident infrared light is used.
- an infrared detector 50 which is an FTIR device, is connected to a calculation and display device (not shown) for identifying the type of chemical substance in the gas to be measured and calculating the concentration based on the analysis result. .
- the chemical substance detection device uses both the sampling pump 40 for flowing the gas to be measured in the substrate enclosure 36 and the cooling device 30 as a means for improving the substrate adhesion rate. It is.
- a chemical substance detecting means for detecting a chemical substance attached to the surface of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 from the gas to be measured, an apparatus based on the multiple internal reflection FTIR method is applied.
- the infrared transmitting substrate 26 is for absorbing a chemical substance in the gas to be measured and providing it for measurement. Therefore, it must be a material that transmits light in the wavelength range corresponding to the molecular vibration of the chemical substance to be detected.
- the wavenumber range corresponding to the fundamental vibration of a typical organic substance is in the range from 500 cm- 1 (wavelength 20 m) to 500 cm- 1 (wavelength 2 ⁇ m). It is in the infrared region.
- the organic material of the infrared absorption wave number region at least transmits the wavenumber range corresponding to a wave number band, for example, CH 3 asymmetric stretching vibrations of the infrared absorption due to the molecular vibration of certain types of substances have the Common
- the substance is selected as the infrared transmitting substrate 26.
- the infrared transmitting substrate 26 is exposed to the air, so that the material must be non-deliquescent.
- gallium arsenide has a transmission wavelength range of about 1.0 to 18 ⁇ and is a stable substance in the atmosphere, so that the infrared transmitting substrate 26 is formed. Can be selected as one material.
- gallium arsenide selenium Zinc (ZnSe: transmission wavelength range 0.6 to 13 ⁇ ), silicon (Si: transmission wavelength range 1.2 ⁇ to 6 ⁇ ), potassium bromide (KBr: transmission wavelength range) 0.4 to 22 ⁇ m), calcium fluoride (C a F 2 : transmission wavelength range 0.2 to 8 ⁇ m), germanium
- the shape of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 is desirably polished to, for example, 45 degrees at the end face. By doing so, the efficiency of incidence of infrared light into the infrared transmitting substrate 26 can be increased, and the infrared light can be reflected multiple times inside the infrared transmitting substrate 26. In addition, in order to prevent light from being scattered when infrared rays are reflected by multiple rays, it is necessary to use a substrate polished on both sides as the infrared transmitting substrate 26.
- An infrared transmitting substrate 26 is placed on the support 28. At this time, beneath the infrared transmitting substrate 26, the chemical substance in the gas to be measured adheres not only to the upper surface of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 but also to the lower surface of the infrared transmitting substrate 26.
- a device may be designed so that the side surface and the support table 28 do not completely adhere to each other. For example, a plurality of convex structures are provided on the mounting surface of the support 28, and the infrared transmitting substrate 26 is mounted thereon. Then, the lower surface of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 is exposed to the gas to be measured. As a result, the area of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 to which the chemical substance can be attached increases, and the signal-to-noise ratio (S / N ratio) can be improved.
- the substrate enclosing container 36 contains an infrared transmitting substrate 26, through which the gas to be measured flows. Infrared transparent substrate from both sides of substrate enclosure 36
- both end surfaces of the substrate 26 are exposed to the outside, the portion of the side surface where the end surface of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 is exposed is processed so as to ensure airtightness.
- the sampling pump 40 exhausts the gas in the substrate enclosing container 36 from the exhaust port 34 to make the pressure in the substrate enclosing container 36 negative.
- the gas to be measured is introduced into the substrate enclosure 36 from the intake port 32, and the substrate enclosure vessel is introduced from the exhaust port 34.
- the gas to be measured flows efficiently to the surface of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 by the sampling pump 40. As a result, The rate of attachment of the chemical substance to the surface of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 can be improved.
- the cooling device 30 cools the infrared transmitting substrate 26 placed on the support base 28 to increase the adhesion rate of the chemical substance in the gas to be measured to the surface of the infrared transmitting substrate 26. Things.
- a cooling device using a Peltier element that does not require a cooling material can be used.
- a Peltier element is a cooling element that utilizes the Peltier effect in which a temperature gradient occurs when current flows through a junction of dissimilar metals.
- the cooling of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 by the cooling device 30 may be performed by cooling the support 28, or the cooling device 30 may be cooled by the infrared transmitting substrate 26 as shown in FIG. It may be performed by direct bonding.
- the temperature of the entire infrared transmitting substrate 26 is lowered by about 30 ° C. with respect to the surrounding temperature.
- the ambient temperature is 20 ° C.
- the entire infrared transmitting substrate 26 is cooled to approximately ⁇ 10 ° C.
- the cooling device 30 is directly bonded to the infrared transmitting substrate 26, as shown in FIG. 10, the cooling device 30 is attached to the surface of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 that is off the optical path of the infrared light that is multiply reflected inside the infrared transmitting substrate 26. It is desirable to bond 0. In this way, by indirectly cooling the region of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 which is to be the infrared light path by heat conduction, the influence of the bonding surface on infrared absorption can be avoided.
- the infrared transmitting substrate 26 is cooled by a cooling device using dry ice or liquid nitrogen or a cooling device using a refrigerant used in a refrigerator or the like. You may make it. Further, the cooling temperature of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 can be appropriately adjusted according to the state of attachment of the chemical substance to be detected to the infrared transmitting substrate 26 and the like.
- the heating device 38 is, for example, of an electric heater type, and heats the infrared transmitting substrate 26 and the substrate enclosing container 36 with heat, and removes a chemical substance attached to these surfaces from the gas to be measured. It is. This initializes the infrared transmitting substrate 26 surface, It can be purified and new measurements can be made without being affected by previous measurements.
- the chemical substance adhered to the surface of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 and the inner surface of the substrate enclosing container without breaking the infrared transmitting substrate 26. Can be sufficiently eliminated.
- the heating device 38 may be used to heat only the infrared transmitting substrate 26.
- the chemical substance adhering to the inner surface of the substrate enclosing container 36 may affect the measurement from the next time onward. It is desirable to heat both the transmission substrate 26 and the substrate enclosure 36.
- Incident optical system 4 2 Infrared light source 4 4, Reflecting mirror 48, Concave mirror 4 6)
- the infrared light source 44 a light source that emits infrared light in a 2 to 25 m band corresponding to molecular vibration of organic molecules can be used.
- heat rays generated by applying a current to a silicon carbide (SiC) as a filament or a nichrome wire can be used as a light source.
- SiC silicon carbide
- the reflecting mirror 48 and the concave mirror 46 are for introducing the infrared light emitted from the infrared light source 44 from the end face of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 so that the infrared light is multiply reflected inside the infrared transmitting substrate 26. is there.
- Detection optical system 52 (concave mirror 56, reflecting mirror 54), infrared detector 50 concave mirror 56 and reflecting mirror 54 are infrared-transmitting substrates after multiple reflection inside infrared-transmitting substrate 26.
- the infrared rays emitted from the end face of 26 are guided to the infrared detector 50.
- the infrared detector 50 for example, an FTIR device including an infrared detector such as a nitrogen-cooled type InSb can be used.
- the infrared detector 50 detects infrared rays emitted from the end face of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 via the detection optical system 52, and detects the detected infrared rays by Fourier spectroscopy.
- An FTIR device used as the infrared detector 50 is, for example, a two-beam interferometer (My Infrared spectroscopy is performed by the mechanism of Fourier transform spectroscopy based on Kelson optical interferometer).
- My Infrared spectroscopy is performed by the mechanism of Fourier transform spectroscopy based on Kelson optical interferometer.
- an infrared spectrometer using a diffraction grating (grating) may be used instead of the FTIR device.
- the spectrum measurement data obtained by the infrared detector 50 is sent to the calculation / display device 20 to identify the chemical substance present in the gas to be measured and calculate the amount.
- the type of chemical substance and the calibration curve present in the gas to be measured are separately calculated and stored as a database in the storage unit of the display unit 20, and the measured data is quantified with reference to those databases. .
- the wave numbers of infrared absorption due to various molecular vibrations of various substances are stored in the arithmetic and display device 20 as a database.
- data on the number of absorption waves due to CH 3 symmetric stretching vibration, CH 3 asymmetric stretching vibration, CH 2 symmetric stretching vibration, CH 2 asymmetric stretching vibration, and the like are stored.
- data on the absorption wave number due to a specific molecular vibration is referred to from the database of the absorption wave number due to various molecular vibrations.
- each component of the chemical substance detection device has been described in detail.
- the sampling pump 40 and the FTIR device 58 have recently been miniaturized, and their portability has been improved.
- compact components such as a cooling device 30 using a Peltier element and an electric heating type heating device 38 can be used.
- the entire chemical substance detection device can be made compact and highly portable. By making the configuration of the chemical substance detection device highly portable, it becomes even easier to bring the device to a place where chemical substances in the environment should be detected and measure it there.
- FIG. 9 the chemical substance detection method according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 11 to 13.
- FIG. 9 is a diagrammatic representation of the chemical substance detection method according to the present embodiment.
- the chemical substance detection device is installed in the environment to be measured, and cooling of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 by the cooling device 30 is started.
- the sampling pump 40 is operated to make the inside of the substrate enclosure 36 negative pressure.
- the gas to be measured flows into the substrate enclosure 36 from the intake port 32 and flows inside the substrate enclosure 36.
- the infrared transmitting substrate 26 is cooled, a large amount of the chemical substance in the gas to be measured can adhere to the surface of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 more efficiently than when the substrate is not cooled. it can. '
- the incident optical system 42 After a lapse of a predetermined time required for attaching the chemical substance in the gas to be measured to the surface of the infrared transmitting substrate 26, the incident optical system 42 emits the infrared rays inside the infrared transmitting substrate 26 by multiple reflection. As described above, the infrared transmitting substrate 26 is introduced into the inside from the end face.
- the infrared light introduced into the infrared transmitting substrate 26 propagates inside the infrared transmitting substrate 26 while undergoing multiple reflections.
- infrared rays emitted from the end face after multiple reflection inside the infrared transmitting substrate 26 are detected by the infrared detector 50 via the detecting optical system 52, and an infrared transmitting spectrum is obtained.
- FIG. 11 is a graph showing an infrared transmission spectrum of GaAs, in which the vertical axis represents the transmittance of infrared rays, and the higher the transmittance, the higher the transparency.
- the infrared transmittance of GaAs varies greatly depending on the infrared wavenumber range.
- the infrared spectrum of the acetone attached to the surface of the GaAs substrate is the spectrum of the GaAs substrate shown in Fig. 11 and the spectrum of the acetone sample as shown in Fig. 12. Which greatly changes from the spectrum of acetone alone. Therefore, even if the infrared spectrum emitted by multiple reflection inside the infrared transmitting substrate 26 is directly analyzed, it is not possible to identify the chemical substance attached to the surface of the infrared transmitting substrate 26. Can not.
- the infrared transmission spectrum of the infrared transmission substrate 26 on which the surface to which the chemical substance is not attached is clean is acquired as reference data in advance.
- an infrared transmission spectrum of the infrared transmission substrate 26 to which the chemical substance is attached is obtained as measurement data.
- a ratio spectrum of the measured data of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 to which the chemical substance is attached with respect to the reference data is calculated.
- the spectrum component unique to the infrared transmitting substrate 26 is canceled, and an infrared absorption spectrum of only the chemical substance attached to the surface of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 can be obtained.
- Figure 13 is a spectrum obtained by the above method and showing the measurement results when acetone is mixed in the gas to be measured.
- the vertical axis represents the absorbance, so that the spectrum of the acetone standard sample shown in FIG. 12 is inverted upside down.
- an upwardly convex peak is detected in the spectrum of the measurement result shown in FIG. 13 corresponding to the peak of the acetone standard sample in the spectrum shown in FIG. This indicates that it is possible to identify chemical substances in the gas to be measured by the above method.
- the type of the chemical substance in the gas to be measured is identified from the infrared absorption spectrum of the chemical substance attached to the surface of the infrared transmitting substrate 26.
- Chemical substances identified as described above can be quantified as follows. For an ideal gas in which the concentration of the chemical substance to be detected is already known, the magnitude of the absorption peak is measured by the above method, and a calibration curve is created and stored in a database. The concentration of the chemical substance in the gas to be measured is calculated by comparing this database with the magnitude of the absorption peak actually obtained for the chemical in the gas to be measured.
- the infrared transmitting substrate 26 and the substrate enclosing container 36 are heated by the heating device 38 so that the infrared transmitting substrate 26 and the substrate enclosing container 36 adhere to the surface of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 and the substrate enclosing container 36. Remove chemicals. Thus, a new measurement can be performed while the surface of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 and the inner surface of the substrate enclosing container 36 are clean. The cleaning of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 and the substrate enclosing container 36 by heating may be performed before a new measurement. As described above, since the chemical substance detection device according to the present embodiment has a mechanism for cleaning the infrared transmitting substrate 26 and the substrate enclosing container 36, the chemical substance can be repeatedly detected. .
- the chemical substance in the gas to be measured is attached to the surface of the cooled infrared transmitting substrate 26 while the gas to be measured is flowing in the substrate enclosure 36. Since the chemical substance attached to the surface of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 is detected by the multiple internal reflection FTIR method, the chemical substance in the gas to be measured can be detected with high sensitivity and in real time.
- both end surfaces of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 are exposed to the outside from the side surface of the substrate enclosing container 36, infrared rays are incident from one exposed end surface, and are emitted from the other end surface.
- infrared rays are detected, as shown in FIG. 14, the entire infrared transmitting substrate 26 may be housed in the substrate enclosing container 36.
- an entrance window 60 and a detection window 62 made of a material transparent to infrared rays are provided on the side surface of the substrate enclosing container 36.
- infrared light from the incident optical system 42 is incident on one end face of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 through the incident window 60, and infrared light emitted from the other end face is detected via the detection window 62. 5 Detect by 2.
- both end surfaces of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 are exposed to the outside from the side surfaces of the substrate enclosing container 36, precise processing is necessary to ensure the airtightness of the substrate enclosing container 36.
- the airtightness of the substrate enclosure 36 can be easily increased.
- FIGS. Fig. 15 is a graph showing the relationship between humidity and dew point at room temperature of 25 ° C.
- Fig. 16 is the humidity of the gas to be measured using a moisture removal filter in the chemical substance detection device according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure for reducing Sectional view showing the structure when the humidity of the gas to be measured is reduced using a pipe cooling device.
- Fig. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure when the humidity of the gas to be measured is reduced using a gas mixing device. It is.
- the cooling device 30 is used to cool the infrared transmitting substrate 26 so that the chemical substance adherence rate to the infrared transmitting substrate 26 is improved. Is being improved. However, in this case, depending on the measurement conditions such as the humidity of the gas to be measured, there is a possibility that the infrared transmitting substrate 26 will form dew.
- FIG. 15 is a graph showing the relationship between humidity and dew point at room temperature of 25 ° C.
- the dew point means the temperature of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 at which dew condensation starts.
- the temperature is 25% at room temperature and the humidity is 50%, when the temperature of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 is set to 12 ° C or lower, dew condensation starts.
- infrared rays that are multiple-reflected inside the infrared transmitting substrate 26 are emitted to the outside of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 from places where the water droplets adhere. Is done.
- no infrared light is emitted from the end face of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 in which the detection optical system 52 is disposed in the vicinity, and no infrared light can reach the infrared detector 50. That is, dew condensation on the infrared transmitting substrate 26 may make it impossible to detect the chemical substance itself.
- the infrared transmitting substrate 26 when cooling the infrared transmitting substrate 26 to improve the adhesion rate of the chemical substance, it is necessary to cool the infrared transmitting substrate 26 within a temperature range where no dew condensation occurs. For example, when the room temperature is 25 ° C. and the humidity is 50%, the temperature difference between the temperature of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 and the room temperature needs to be 13 ° C. or less. However, such a temperature difference is sometimes insufficient to effectively improve the rate of attachment of the chemical substance to the infrared transmitting substrate 26.
- the cooling temperature of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 is limited.
- the humidity of the gas to be measured introduced into the substrate enclosure 36 is reduced in advance to prevent dew condensation on the infrared transmitting substrate 26, Allows 26 to be cooled even lower.
- the first is a configuration in which moisture in the gas to be measured is removed by a desiccant.
- the pipe 64 is connected to the intake port 32 of the chemical substance detection device according to the first embodiment.
- the piping 64 is provided with a moisture removal filter 66 filled with a desiccant. Silica gel or the like can be used as a desiccant filled in the water removal filter 66.
- the gas to be measured is introduced into the substrate enclosure 36 through the moisture removal filter 66. That is, the water in the gas to be measured is removed by the water removal filter 66, and the humidity of the gas to be measured is reduced. Then, the infrared transmitting substrate 26 is exposed to the gas to be measured whose humidity has been reduced. As a result, the infrared transmitting substrate 26 can be cooled to a lower temperature without dew condensation on the infrared transmitting substrate 26.
- the humidity of the gas to be measured is 50% at room temperature of 25 ° C
- the humidity is reduced to 25% by the moisture removal filter 66.
- the temperature of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 can be cooled to near 0 ° C. without dew condensation.
- the moisture removal filter 66 is not used, the temperature of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 can be cooled only to about 12 ° C. due to dew condensation.
- the moisture in the gas to be measured is removed by the moisture removal filter 66, the temperature of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 can be cooled to a lower temperature without dew condensation. As a result, the rate of attachment of the chemical substance in the gas to be measured to the surface of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 can be further increased, and the chemical substance in the gas to be measured can be detected with higher sensitivity.
- the humidity of the gas to be measured can be reduced to about 10% or less with a very simple and small-scale device configuration.
- dew condensation Is used to remove moisture in the gas to be measured.
- a pipe cooling device 68 for cooling a pipe 64 connected to the intake port 32 is provided.
- the inner wall of the pipe 64 cooled by the pipe cooling device 68 is condensed.
- the moisture in the gas to be measured is removed before being introduced into the substrate enclosure 36.
- the humidity of the gas to be measured is reduced, and the infrared transmitting substrate 26 can be cooled to a lower temperature.
- a configuration in which a dry gas such as dry air or dry nitrogen is mixed with the gas to be measured As shown in FIG. 18, a gas mixing device 70 for mixing the gas to be measured and the dry gas is provided in a pipe 64 connected to the air inlet 32.
- the gas mixing device 70 is connected to a gas cylinder 72 filled with a dry gas to be mixed with the gas to be measured. It is desirable that the dry gas mixed with the gas to be measured does not contain special chemical substances and does not show infrared absorption as much as possible.
- the gas to be measured is mixed with the dry gas of the gas cylinder 72 by the gas mixing device 70 and then introduced into the substrate enclosure 36.
- This method has the advantage that the humidity of the gas to be measured can be reduced without changing the ratio of the absolute amounts of the chemical substances present in the gas to be measured.
- the concentration of the chemical substance in the gas to be measured introduced into the substrate enclosure 36 is diluted by mixing the dry gas.
- the infrared transmitting substrate 26 can be cooled to a lower temperature than when no dry gas is mixed, the detection sensitivity of the chemical substance can be improved as a whole.
- the gas mixing device 70 mixes the gas to be measured at room temperature of 25 ° C and humidity of 50% with the gas of 0% humidity in the substrate enclosing container 36 while mixing the gas in the ratio of 1: 1. Introduce.
- the relative humidity of the gas to be measured can be reduced to 25%, and the infrared transmitting substrate 26 can be cooled to a lower temperature than when the humidity is 50%.
- the concentration of the chemical substance to be detected by mixing the gas to be measured and the dry gas is halved. Therefore, if the cooling temperature of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 is the same, the detection sensitivity of the chemical substance is relatively reduced to one half.
- the infrared transmissive substrate 26 is further cooled to a lower temperature and the relative sensitivity is increased by a factor of 10, the sensitivity is increased by a factor of 5 even if the concentration of the chemical substance is reduced by half. can do.
- the cooling temperature of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 can be further reduced.
- the temperature can be low.
- the adhesion rate of the chemical substance to the infrared transmitting substrate 26 can be further improved, and the detection sensitivity can be further improved.
- the magnitude of the absorption peak is measured for an ideal gas having a known concentration of the chemical substance, and the calibration is performed.
- a line must be created.
- the following two methods are used to measure the magnitude of the absorption peak for an ideal gas and create a calibration curve.
- a measurement curve is created by measuring an ideal gas without using the above-described means for reducing humidity in advance.
- the cooling temperature of the infrared transmission substrate 26 is set to the same temperature as that at the time of measuring the gas to be measured.
- a calibration curve is created from the measurement results obtained for the ideal gas. Based on this calibration curve, the concentration of the chemical substance in the gas to be measured will be quantified from the measurement results obtained for the gas to be measured by the configuration that reduces the humidity.
- the adsorption coefficient which is the ratio of the chemical substance to be detected adsorbed to the desiccant, is calculated in advance.
- the concentration of the chemical substance calculated from the calibration curve by the first method is corrected using the adsorption coefficient. Thereby, the concentration of the chemical substance to be detected in the gas to be measured before passing through the water removal filter 66 is estimated.
- the chemical substance in the gas to be measured may adhere to the inner wall of the cooled piping 64. Therefore, in this case as well, it adheres to the inner wall of the pipe 64 cooled as a correction constant in advance. Determine the percentage of chemical substances to be used. Using this calibration constant, the concentration of the chemical substance calculated from the calibration curve by the first method is corrected. Thus, the concentration of the chemical substance to be detected in the gas to be measured before passing through the pipe 64 cooled by the pipe cooling device 68 is estimated.
- the concentration of the chemical substance in the gas to be measured introduced into the gas enclosure 36 is diluted. Therefore, the concentration of the chemical substance calculated from the calibration curve by the first method is corrected in consideration of the dilution ratio of the concentration due to the mixing of the dry gas. Thus, the concentration of the chemical substance to be detected in the gas to be measured before the dry gas is mixed by the gas mixing device 70 is estimated.
- the ideal gas is also measured using the moisture removal filter 66, and a calibration curve is created.
- the calibration curve obtained in this manner takes into account the amount of the chemical substance adsorbed on the desiccant of the water removal filter 66.
- a calibration curve in which the amount of the chemical substance attached to the cooled pipe 64 is added can be obtained. Also in the case where the gas mixing device 70 is used, a calibration curve can be obtained in which the dilution of the concentration of the chemical substance due to the mixing of the dry gas is taken into account.
- the concentration of the chemical substance in the gas to be measured before the humidity is reduced can be directly quantified without performing the calibration.
- the infrared transmitting substrate 26 since the infrared transmitting substrate 26 is exposed to the gas to be measured whose humidity has been reduced in advance, the infrared transmitting substrate 26 can be cooled to a lower temperature without dew condensation. it can. Therefore, the efficiency with which the chemical substance in the gas to be measured adheres to the surface of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 can be further improved. Thereby, the detection sensitivity of the chemical substance in the gas to be measured can be further improved.
- the surface of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 is cleaned by heating the infrared transmitting substrate 26 by the heating device 38, but the method of cleaning the surface is not limited to this. Not something.
- an ultraviolet irradiation device for irradiating the infrared transmitting substrate 26 with ultraviolet light may be provided. By irradiating the infrared transmitting substrate 26 with ultraviolet rays, it adheres to the surface of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 due to the oxidizing power of ozone generated when the ultraviolet rays are irradiated into the atmosphere and the energy of the ultraviolet light itself. Decomposed chemical substances can be removed.
- the surface of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 is cleaned by the heating device 38.
- the surface cleaning means of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 is not necessarily used. No need to provide.
- the infrared transmitting substrate 26 may be appropriately replaced with a substrate having a clean surface according to the number of times of measurement and the like.
- the infrared transmission substrate 26 is accommodated in the substrate enclosing container 36 and the gas to be measured is caused to flow by the sampling pump 40, but the infrared transmission substrate 26 is enclosed in the substrate. It may be configured to be directly exposed to the gas to be measured without being contained in the container 36. In this case, the attachment of the chemical substance in the gas to be measured is promoted by the cooling device 30. Also, a gas flow means such as a fan for flowing the gas to be measured to the infrared transmitting substrate 26 is provided to promote the adhesion of the chemical substance in the gas to be measured to the infrared transmitting substrate 26. Is also good.
- the chemical substance attached to the surface of the infrared transmitting substrate 26 was detected by the multiple internal reflection FTIR method, but the method of detecting the chemical substance attached to the surface is not limited to this. Absent.
- the method and apparatus for detecting a chemical substance according to the present invention detect various chemical substances present in the environment at high speed and with high sensitivity for the purpose of specifying the source of the chemical substance, controlling and managing the amount of release to the environment, and the like. Especially useful.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2002195629 DE10295629T1 (de) | 2001-01-19 | 2002-01-17 | Verfahren zum Detektieren von Chemikalien |
US10/250,559 US7265369B2 (en) | 2001-01-19 | 2002-01-17 | Method and system for detecting chemical substance |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001-11604 | 2001-01-19 | ||
JP2001011604 | 2001-01-19 | ||
JP2001068863A JP2002286636A (ja) | 2001-01-19 | 2001-03-12 | 化学物質検出方法及び装置 |
JP2001-68863 | 2001-03-21 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002057754A1 true WO2002057754A1 (fr) | 2002-07-25 |
Family
ID=26607975
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2002/000267 WO2002057754A1 (fr) | 2001-01-19 | 2002-01-17 | Procede et systeme pour la detection d'une substance chimique |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7265369B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2002286636A (ja) |
DE (1) | DE10295629T1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2002057754A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103822891A (zh) * | 2014-02-12 | 2014-05-28 | 无锡中科智能农业发展有限责任公司 | 一种小尺寸ndir型气体传感器的光学结构 |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007011404A2 (en) * | 2004-10-27 | 2007-01-25 | Eltron Research, Inc | Infrared sensors |
US8092030B2 (en) | 2006-04-12 | 2012-01-10 | Plx, Inc. | Mount for an optical structure and method of mounting an optical structure using such mount |
US8487776B2 (en) * | 2007-06-13 | 2013-07-16 | Oy Halton Group Ltd. | Duct grease deposit detection devices, systems, and methods |
JP5453610B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-06 | 2014-03-26 | 独立行政法人 宇宙航空研究開発機構 | 測定方法及び測定装置 |
JP2009210455A (ja) * | 2008-03-05 | 2009-09-17 | Tokyo Metropolitan Industrial Technology Research Institute | ガス濃度測定装置および測定方法、累積ガス量測定装置および測定方法、ガス除去装置における除去剤の除去限界類推装置および類推方法 |
GB201001307D0 (en) | 2010-01-27 | 2010-03-17 | Univ Antwerp | Reaction chamber for studying a solid-gas interaction |
KR20120028688A (ko) * | 2010-09-15 | 2012-03-23 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 혼합물 분리 응축 장치 |
US9798051B2 (en) | 2011-02-28 | 2017-10-24 | Plx, Inc. | Mount for an optical structure having a grooved protruding member and method of mounting an optical structure using such mount |
US20130138226A1 (en) | 2011-11-23 | 2013-05-30 | Ftrx Llc | Quasi-translator, fourier modulator, fourier spectrometer, motion control system and methods for controlling same, and signal processor circuit |
US8638440B1 (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2014-01-28 | U.S. Department Of Energy | Plasmonic transparent conducting metal oxide nanoparticles and films for optical sensing applications |
US9013814B2 (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2015-04-21 | Plx, Inc. | Interferometer and optical assembly having beamsplitter securing apparatus and method of mounting same |
US9377600B2 (en) | 2013-02-21 | 2016-06-28 | Plx, Inc. | Mounts for an optical structure having a grooved protruding member with a damping ring disposed in or on the groove and methods of mounting an optical structure using such mounts |
DE102014104851B4 (de) * | 2014-04-04 | 2017-03-30 | Heraeus Noblelight Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Entkeimung mittels ultravioletter Strahlung |
JP6537992B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-30 | 2019-07-03 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 基板処理装置、基板処理装置の制御方法、及び基板処理システム |
DE102017111141A1 (de) * | 2017-05-22 | 2018-11-22 | Endress+Hauser Conducta Gmbh+Co. Kg | Inline-Sensoranordnung, Verfahren zur Herstellung und Inbetriebnahme desselben |
JP6850969B2 (ja) * | 2017-11-07 | 2021-03-31 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 成分センサ |
IT202000027308A1 (it) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-16 | Sense Square S R L | Sistema Raman di monitoraggio della qualità dell'aria (SMR) |
US20220326153A1 (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2022-10-13 | Dylan Elmer Wilks | Analysis of mixed volatile compounds |
Citations (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0682431A (ja) * | 1992-09-03 | 1994-03-22 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 匂い検知装置 |
JPH07174676A (ja) * | 1993-11-05 | 1995-07-14 | Ryoden Semiconductor Syst Eng Kk | 気中不純物捕集方法、並びに気中不純物量測定方法、並びに気中不純物捕集装置、並びに気中不純物量測定装置 |
JPH09145611A (ja) * | 1995-11-24 | 1997-06-06 | Fujitsu Ltd | 半導体ウェーハの分析方法及び装置 |
JPH11176898A (ja) * | 1997-12-09 | 1999-07-02 | Advantest Corp | 有機汚染検出・除去装置及びその有機汚染検出・除去方法並びに化学汚染検出・除去装置及びその化学汚染検出・除去方法 |
JPH11326193A (ja) * | 1998-05-19 | 1999-11-26 | Hitachi Ltd | センサおよびこれを利用した測定装置 |
JP2000055815A (ja) * | 1998-05-28 | 2000-02-25 | Advantest Corp | 表面状態測定方法及び装置 |
JP2000070704A (ja) * | 1998-08-28 | 2000-03-07 | Sharp Corp | 粒子表面改質方法および粒子表面改質装置 |
JP2000091295A (ja) * | 1998-07-16 | 2000-03-31 | Advantest Corp | 基板処理方法及び装置 |
JP2001165769A (ja) * | 1999-12-10 | 2001-06-22 | Nikon Corp | 汚染物または汚染ガスを検出する方法 |
JP2001194320A (ja) * | 2000-01-06 | 2001-07-19 | Advantest Corp | 表面状態測定装置及び方法 |
JP2001194297A (ja) * | 2000-01-12 | 2001-07-19 | Advantest Corp | 環境測定方法及び装置 |
JP2001305072A (ja) * | 2000-04-25 | 2001-10-31 | Advantest Corp | 基板の欠陥検出方法及び装置 |
JP2001311697A (ja) * | 2000-04-28 | 2001-11-09 | Advantest Corp | 表面状態測定方法及び装置 |
JP2001343323A (ja) * | 2000-05-31 | 2001-12-14 | Advantest Corp | 分子種測定方法及び装置 |
JP2001343324A (ja) * | 2000-06-01 | 2001-12-14 | Advantest Corp | 赤外線吸光スペクトルのベースライン補正方法及びそのプログラム記録媒体 |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5332901A (en) * | 1991-03-15 | 1994-07-26 | Li-Cor, Inc. | Gas analyzing apparatus and method for simultaneous measurement of carbon dioxide and water |
JP3211382B2 (ja) | 1992-06-29 | 2001-09-25 | 松下電工株式会社 | プリプレグの製造方法および電気用積層板 |
US5747808A (en) * | 1994-02-14 | 1998-05-05 | Engelhard Sensor Technologies | NDIR gas sensor |
US6217695B1 (en) * | 1996-05-06 | 2001-04-17 | Wmw Systems, Llc | Method and apparatus for radiation heating substrates and applying extruded material |
US6620385B2 (en) * | 1996-08-20 | 2003-09-16 | Ebara Corporation | Method and apparatus for purifying a gas containing contaminants |
JPH11176878A (ja) | 1997-12-09 | 1999-07-02 | Hitachi Ltd | 半導体装置、その製造方法および実装方法 |
US6052191A (en) * | 1998-10-13 | 2000-04-18 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Coating thickness measurement system and method of measuring a coating thickness |
US6207460B1 (en) * | 1999-01-14 | 2001-03-27 | Extraction Systems, Inc. | Detection of base contaminants in gas samples |
AU6592700A (en) * | 1999-08-18 | 2001-03-13 | Advantest Corporation | Method and apparatus for environmental monitoring |
US6664550B2 (en) * | 1999-08-30 | 2003-12-16 | Sandia National Laboratories | Apparatus to collect, classify, concentrate, and characterize gas-borne particles |
US6547953B2 (en) * | 2000-01-28 | 2003-04-15 | Ebara Corporation | Substrate container and method of dehumidifying substrate container |
US6660528B1 (en) * | 2000-04-12 | 2003-12-09 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Method for monitoring contaminating particles in a chamber |
US6392745B1 (en) * | 2000-06-13 | 2002-05-21 | American Air Liquide, Inc. | Method and apparatus for the fast detection of surface characteristics |
JP2002168776A (ja) * | 2000-12-01 | 2002-06-14 | Advantest Corp | 環境モニタ方法及び装置並びに半導体製造装置 |
US6787783B2 (en) * | 2002-12-17 | 2004-09-07 | International Business Machines Corporation | Apparatus and techniques for scanning electron beam based chip repair |
JP4754196B2 (ja) * | 2003-08-25 | 2011-08-24 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 減圧処理室内の部材清浄化方法および基板処理装置 |
US7959970B2 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2011-06-14 | Tokyo Electron Limited | System and method of removing chamber residues from a plasma processing system in a dry cleaning process |
-
2001
- 2001-03-12 JP JP2001068863A patent/JP2002286636A/ja not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-01-17 US US10/250,559 patent/US7265369B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-01-17 WO PCT/JP2002/000267 patent/WO2002057754A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2002-01-17 DE DE2002195629 patent/DE10295629T1/de not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0682431A (ja) * | 1992-09-03 | 1994-03-22 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 匂い検知装置 |
JPH07174676A (ja) * | 1993-11-05 | 1995-07-14 | Ryoden Semiconductor Syst Eng Kk | 気中不純物捕集方法、並びに気中不純物量測定方法、並びに気中不純物捕集装置、並びに気中不純物量測定装置 |
JPH09145611A (ja) * | 1995-11-24 | 1997-06-06 | Fujitsu Ltd | 半導体ウェーハの分析方法及び装置 |
JPH11176898A (ja) * | 1997-12-09 | 1999-07-02 | Advantest Corp | 有機汚染検出・除去装置及びその有機汚染検出・除去方法並びに化学汚染検出・除去装置及びその化学汚染検出・除去方法 |
JPH11326193A (ja) * | 1998-05-19 | 1999-11-26 | Hitachi Ltd | センサおよびこれを利用した測定装置 |
JP2000055815A (ja) * | 1998-05-28 | 2000-02-25 | Advantest Corp | 表面状態測定方法及び装置 |
JP2000091295A (ja) * | 1998-07-16 | 2000-03-31 | Advantest Corp | 基板処理方法及び装置 |
JP2000070704A (ja) * | 1998-08-28 | 2000-03-07 | Sharp Corp | 粒子表面改質方法および粒子表面改質装置 |
JP2001165769A (ja) * | 1999-12-10 | 2001-06-22 | Nikon Corp | 汚染物または汚染ガスを検出する方法 |
JP2001194320A (ja) * | 2000-01-06 | 2001-07-19 | Advantest Corp | 表面状態測定装置及び方法 |
JP2001194297A (ja) * | 2000-01-12 | 2001-07-19 | Advantest Corp | 環境測定方法及び装置 |
JP2001305072A (ja) * | 2000-04-25 | 2001-10-31 | Advantest Corp | 基板の欠陥検出方法及び装置 |
JP2001311697A (ja) * | 2000-04-28 | 2001-11-09 | Advantest Corp | 表面状態測定方法及び装置 |
JP2001343323A (ja) * | 2000-05-31 | 2001-12-14 | Advantest Corp | 分子種測定方法及び装置 |
JP2001343324A (ja) * | 2000-06-01 | 2001-12-14 | Advantest Corp | 赤外線吸光スペクトルのベースライン補正方法及びそのプログラム記録媒体 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103822891A (zh) * | 2014-02-12 | 2014-05-28 | 无锡中科智能农业发展有限责任公司 | 一种小尺寸ndir型气体传感器的光学结构 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7265369B2 (en) | 2007-09-04 |
DE10295629T1 (de) | 2003-11-20 |
US20040108472A1 (en) | 2004-06-10 |
JP2002286636A (ja) | 2002-10-03 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2002057754A1 (fr) | Procede et systeme pour la detection d'une substance chimique | |
KR101098124B1 (ko) | 멀티가스 감시 및 검출 시스템 | |
Zhu et al. | Opto-fluidic micro-ring resonator for sensitive label-free viral detection | |
JP5452867B2 (ja) | 熱選択性多変量光学的コンピューティング | |
US8302461B2 (en) | Gas detector having an acoustic measuring cell and selectively adsorbing surface | |
JP2007519004A5 (ja) | ||
US6108096A (en) | Light absorption measurement apparatus and methods | |
Ng et al. | NDIR CO2 gas sensing using CMOS compatible MEMS ScAlN-based pyroelectric detector | |
Sipin et al. | Recent advances and some remaining challenges in analytical chemistry of the atmosphere | |
JP2000298094A (ja) | フォトメータ及び水銀蒸気濃度を測定する方法 | |
WO2001013093A1 (fr) | Procede et appareil de surveillance de l'environnement | |
WO2003002987A1 (fr) | Procede et dispositif de detection de composants chimiques | |
Chen et al. | In situ gas filter correlation: photoacoustic CO detection method for fire warning | |
JP2006145512A (ja) | 流体中含有物質を高感度検出する測定装置および方法 | |
JP4792267B2 (ja) | 表面状態測定方法及び装置 | |
CN112857961A (zh) | 一种大气有机硝酸酯的分类测量方法及系统 | |
WO2003005001A1 (fr) | Procede et dispositif de detection de substances chimiques | |
JP2001194297A (ja) | 環境測定方法及び装置 | |
JP4459791B2 (ja) | 油分濃度測定方法および油分濃度測定装置 | |
JP2001311697A (ja) | 表面状態測定方法及び装置 | |
JP5948746B2 (ja) | 検出装置 | |
EP0924508A2 (en) | Light absorption measurement apparatus and method | |
Pradhan et al. | Automated system for monitoring trace C2H2 in ambient air by cavity ring-down spectroscopy combined with sample preconcentration | |
JP2003156440A (ja) | 化学物質検出方法及び装置 | |
JPH06341950A (ja) | 光学的ガス濃度計測方法およびその装置 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): DE US |
|
RET | De translation (de og part 6b) |
Ref document number: 10295629 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20031120 Kind code of ref document: P |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 10295629 Country of ref document: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 10250559 Country of ref document: US |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: 8607 |