WO2001094655A1 - Tuyau d'acier a haute aptitude au formage et son procede de fabrication - Google Patents
Tuyau d'acier a haute aptitude au formage et son procede de fabrication Download PDFInfo
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- WO2001094655A1 WO2001094655A1 PCT/JP2001/004800 JP0104800W WO0194655A1 WO 2001094655 A1 WO2001094655 A1 WO 2001094655A1 JP 0104800 W JP0104800 W JP 0104800W WO 0194655 A1 WO0194655 A1 WO 0194655A1
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- Prior art keywords
- steel pipe
- less
- average
- diameter reduction
- thickness
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/10—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of tubular bodies
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/004—Very low carbon steels, i.e. having a carbon content of less than 0,01%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2201/00—Treatment for obtaining particular effects
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2201/00—Treatment for obtaining particular effects
- C21D2201/05—Grain orientation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S148/00—Metal treatment
- Y10S148/902—Metal treatment having portions of differing metallurgical properties or characteristics
- Y10S148/909—Tube
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a steel pipe used for a panel, a suspension, a member, and the like of an automobile, and a method for manufacturing the same. It is particularly suitable for use in hydroforming (see JP-A-10-175270).
- the steel pipe of the present invention includes both a steel pipe not subjected to a surface treatment and a steel pipe subjected to a surface treatment such as hot-dip galvanizing or electric plating for protection.
- Zinc plating includes plating of alloys whose main component is zinc, in addition to pure zinc.
- the steel pipe according to the present invention is extremely excellent in hydroformability, in particular, in which an axial pushing force acts, and can improve the production efficiency of automotive parts during hydroforming. Furthermore, since the present invention can be applied to high-strength steel pipes, it is possible to reduce the thickness of parts, which is considered to contribute to global environmental conservation. Background art
- the present invention provides a steel pipe having better formability and a method for producing the same without increasing the cost.
- An object of the present invention is to find an assembling structure of a material having excellent formability such as a hydrofoam and a method of controlling the same, and to provide a steel pipe excellent in formability such as a hydroform by limiting the method.
- the gist of the present invention is as follows.
- the steel pipe has an r value of 1.4 or more in the axial direction, and the steel pipe has a ⁇ 1
- the average of the X-ray random intensity ratio of the orientation group of 1 0 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0> to ⁇ 3 3 2> ⁇ 1 1 0> is 3.5 or more, or the ⁇ A steel pipe with excellent formability, characterized in that the average of the X-ray random intensity ratio of 110 ⁇ ⁇ 110> has one or both of the characteristics of 5.0 or more.
- the volume fraction of the ferrite phase is 75% or more
- the average particle size of the ferrite is 10 ⁇ or more
- a steel pipe having excellent formability characterized by having an area ratio of crystal grains having an aspect ratio of 0.5 to 3.0 of 90% or more.
- the r value in the longitudinal direction of the steel pipe is 1.0 or more, and ⁇ 1 1 0 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0> to ⁇ 3 3 2 ⁇ 1 1 0
- the characteristic feature is that the average of the X-ray random intensity ratio of the azimuth group is> 2.0 and the average of the X-ray random intensity ratio of ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ 111> is 1.5 or less.
- the average of the X-ray random intensity ratio of ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ 110> of the sheet surface at 5.0 is 5.0 or more, and the ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ 111 of the sheet surface at 1/2 sheet thickness of the steel pipe 2.
- the steel pipe further comprises: 0 0 0 0 1 ⁇ 0.0 5%
- the balance of ⁇ 001 ⁇ ⁇ 110>, ⁇ At least one of the orientations of 1 1 6 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇ 1 1 4 ⁇ 1 1 0>, and ⁇ 1 1 2 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0> has an average X-ray random intensity ratio.
- the r-value of the steel pipe in the axial direction is 1.4 or more, and the ⁇ 110 ⁇ to 1103 of the plate surface at 1/2 the thickness of the steel pipe
- the average of the X-ray random intensity ratio of the orientation group of 110> is 3.5 or more, or the X-ray random intensity ratio of ⁇ 1 1 0 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0> Any of the averages of 5.0 or more
- the diameter of the mother pipe is reduced by 8 mm.
- Heat to 50 ° C or more perform diameter reduction at 20% or more in a temperature range of less than 3 Ar to 750 ° C or more, and complete diameter reduction at 75 ° C or more
- the relationship between the tensile strength (TS) and the n value of the steel pipe satisfies the following equation (3)
- the volume fraction of the ferrite phase is 75% or more
- the average particle size of the ferrite is 10 m or more.
- the production of steel pipes having excellent formability characterized in that the area ratio of crystal grains having an aspect ratio of 0.5 to 3.0 is 90% or more.
- the steel pipe is characterized in that the steel pipe is subjected to a diameter reducing process such that the thickness change rate of the steel pipe after the diameter reducing process is +5 to 130%. For producing steel pipes with excellent moldability.
- the steel pipe further contains, by mass%, A1: 0.001 to 0.5%. (10), (11), (14) (1) 5) The method for producing a steel pipe excellent in formability according to any one of the above 1).
- the steel pipe further comprises:
- the component composition of the steel pipe of the present invention will be described.
- the component content is% by mass.
- 0.001 to 0.3% is more preferable, and 0.002 to 0.2% is a further preferable range.
- the upper limit is set to 2.5%.
- the lower limit is set to 0.001% because it is difficult to make the lower limit from the viewpoint of steelmaking technology.
- the lower limit is set to 0.01%.
- the upper limit is set to 3.0%.
- 0.05 to 0.50% is a more preferable range.
- Y ⁇ Q! Transformation temperature Has the effect of increasing a; + ⁇ 2 phase temperature range. It is also an effective element for increasing strength.
- the amount of addition may be determined in consideration of the required strength level ⁇ , balance with Si and A1, but if added in excess of 0.2%, defects may occur during hot rolling and diameter reduction. , Or the moldability deteriorates, so the upper limit is 0.2%. In addition, the lower limit is 0.001% because the steelmaking cost becomes higher.
- the range is more preferably from 0.02 to 0.12%.
- the content is preferably as low as possible. In order to prevent hot cracking, the content is set to 0.03% or less. Preferably it is less than 0.015%.
- N It is an impurity, and the lower the content, the better. Since the workability is deteriorated, the upper limit is set to 0.01%. A range of 0.05% or less is a more preferable range.
- a 1 Effective for deoxidation.
- excessive addition causes a large amount of crystallization and precipitation of oxides and nitrides, lowers ductility, and impairs plating properties. Therefore, the amount of addition is set to 0.001 to 0.50%.
- a 1 is an important element for (3) and (4) of the present invention, like Si and P. That is, it has the effect of raising the ⁇ ⁇ transformation temperature and expanding the o; + y two-phase temperature range.
- a 1 is also an effective element for obtaining a steel pipe with relatively low strength and excellent formability, since it hardly changes the mechanical strength.
- the amount of addition may be determined in consideration of the required strength level and the balance with Si and P.
- the upper limit is 2.5%.
- 0.01% is required as a deoxidizing element, so the lower limit is set to 0.01%. 0.1 to 1.5% is a more preferable range. O: If it is too much, the workability is deteriorated. Therefore, the upper limit is made 0.01%.
- Equation (1) is determined from the viewpoint of making the ⁇ / ⁇ transformation point of steel pipe higher than that of pure iron.
- Equation (2) means that ⁇ , ⁇ ; positively utilize S i, P and A 1 to raise the transformation point.
- n n ⁇ -0.1.26 X 1 n (TS) +0.94... (3) That is, since the n value, which is an index of formability, changes according to the TS, the n value is defined for each TS. There is a need. For example, Ding 3 is 3 5 0 3 ⁇ 41?
- the steel pipe in a must have an n value of at least about 0.20. More preferably,
- the T S and n values are measured by a tensile test using a JIS 11 tubular test piece or a JIS 12 arc-shaped test piece.
- the n value may be evaluated at 5% and 15% strain, but when the uniform elongation is less than 15%, the strain is 5% and 10%, and when the uniform elongation is less than 10%. , 3% and 5% strain.
- Mn, T i, N b Particularly important in (5) and (6) of the present invention.
- Mn, Ti, and Nb have the effect of suppressing the recrystallization of the ⁇ phase and having a favorable effect on the selection of the pariant during transformation, and improving the texture during diameter reduction processing in the ⁇ region. Therefore, add one or more of them, with the upper limits of 3.0%, 0.2% and 0.15%, respectively.
- Mn, Ti, and Nb are added within a range satisfying 0.5 ⁇ (Mn + 13 Ti + 29 Nb) ⁇ 5.
- Mn + 13 Ti + 29 Nb is less than 0.5, the effect of improving the organizational structure is small.
- Mn + 13 Ti + 29 Nb is added in excess of 5, the effect of improving the texture is small and the steel pipe becomes extremely hard and impairs the ductility, so the upper limit is set to 5. 1-4 are more preferable ranges.
- Zr, Mg Effective as a deoxidizing element.
- excessive addition degrades cleanliness by causing large amounts of oxides, sulfides and nitrides to precipitate and precipitate, lowering ductility and impairing plating properties. Therefore, if necessary, one or more of these are added in a total amount of 0.0001 to 0.50%.
- V is carbide, nitride or carbonitrided with addition of 0.001% or more
- B Add as needed. B is effective for strengthening grain boundaries and increasing the strength of steel materials.However, if the addition amount exceeds 0.01%, not only does the effect saturate, but also the steel sheet strength increases more than necessary, Therefore, the content was set to 0.001% to 0.01%.
- Ni, Cr, Cu, Co, Mo, W, Sn are strengthening elements and these The total amount of one or more of the above was 0.001% or more. In addition, excessive addition causes cost increase and decrease in ductility, so it was set to 2.5% or less.
- C a An element effective for deoxidation in addition to inclusion control. Addition of an appropriate amount improves hot workability, but excessive addition conversely promotes hot embrittlement. In the range of 0.00001 to 0.01%.
- These elements such as Zr, Mg, V, B, Sn, Cr, Cu, Ni, Co, W, Mo, and Ca may be used alone or in combination of two or more as necessary. It is preferable that the total content be not less than 0.001% and not more than 2.5%.
- the average in the azimuth group was 3.5 or more.
- the main orientations included in this orientation group are ⁇ 1 1 0 ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇ 6 6 1 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇ 4 4 1 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇ 3 3 1 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇ 2 2 1 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇ 3 3 2 ⁇ and 1 1 0>.
- ⁇ 4 4 3 ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇ 5 4 4 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0>, and ⁇ 1 1 1 ⁇ 1 1 0> may also develop.
- this is the preferred orientation for form forming, it is also the orientation generally accepted for deep-drawn cold-rolled steel sheets. That is, the steel pipe of the present invention has a group of crystal orientations that cannot be obtained by simply forming a steel pipe from a deep drawn cold-rolled steel sheet by electric resistance welding or the like.
- ⁇ 111 ⁇ > 112> and ⁇ 5554 ⁇ 225> which are typical crystal orientations of the high r-value cold rolled steel sheet, Is 2.0 or less, and more preferably less than 1.0.
- the azimuth may deviate from these azimuth groups by about ⁇ 5 ° to 10 °.
- the average X-ray random intensity ratio of the group of orientations is the additive average of the X-ray random intensity ratios of the above orientations. . If all the intensities in the above orientations cannot be obtained, the phases of the orientations ⁇ 1 1 0 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇ 4 4 1 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0>, and ⁇ 2 2 1 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0> The averaging may be used instead. Among them, ⁇ 110 ⁇ and 110> are important, and it is particularly desirable that the X-ray random intensity ratio in this direction is 5.0 or more.
- the average intensity ratio of the orientation group is 3.5 or more, and the intensity ratio of ⁇ 1 1 0 ⁇ 1 1 0> is 5. Needless to say, if it is 0 or more, it is particularly suitable as a steel pipe for hydroforming. When molding is difficult, at least the average intensity ratio of the above orientation group is 5.0 or more, and the intensity ratio of ⁇ 110 ⁇ ⁇ 110> is 7.0 or more. It is desirable to satisfy one.
- orientations such as ⁇ 0 0 1 ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇ 1 1 6 ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇ 1 1 4 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇ 1 1 3 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇
- the strengths such as 1 1 2 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0> and ⁇ 2 2 3 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0> vary depending on the manufacturing conditions and are not particularly limited, but their average strengths are less than 3. ⁇ . It is preferred that there be.
- the characteristics of the texture of the present invention described above cannot be represented only by a normal inverse pole figure or a positive pole figure, but, for example, when an inverse pole figure representing the radial direction of a steel pipe is measured near the center of the sheet thickness, It is preferable that the X-ray random intensity ratio in each direction is as follows. ⁇ 1 0 0>: 2 or less, 4 11 1>: 2 or less, 2 11 1>: 4 or less, 1 1 1>: 15 or less, 3 3 2>: 15 or less, 2 2 1 ⁇ : 20.0 or less, 1 1 0>: 30.0 or less.
- ⁇ 110> 10 or more, all directions other than 110> above: 3 or less.
- the r-value of the steel pipe of the present invention varies in various ways due to the change of the texture, but at least the r-value in the axial direction is 1.4 or more. Depending on the manufacturing conditions, the r value in the axial direction may exceed 3.0.
- the anisotropy of the r value is not particularly limited. That is, the r-value in the axial direction may be smaller than the r-value in the circumferential or radial direction, and vice versa.
- the present invention is clearly distinguished from such a steel pipe in that it has the above-described texture and, at the same time, has an r value of 1.4 or more.
- the evaluation of the r value may be performed using a JIS 11 No. 1 tubular specimen or a JIS 12 No. 2 arc-shaped specimen.
- the amount of strain at that time is evaluated at an elongation percentage of 15%. When the uniform elongation is less than 15%, the evaluation is based on the amount of strain within the uniform elongation. In addition, it is desirable to collect the test piece from other than the seam.
- the thickness of the steel sheet is important characteristic values in the present invention.
- the intensity ratio of the ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ 110> direction must be 5.0 or more, and the value of ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ 112> must be less than 2.0. is necessary.
- the ⁇ 1 1 1 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 2> orientation is a preferred orientation for form forming, but it is a typical crystal orientation of ordinary high r-value cold rolled steel sheets. It was dared to be less than 2.0.
- the texture obtained by box annealing a low-carbon cold-rolled steel sheet has the main orientation of ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ 110> and the secondary orientation of ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ 112>. Although it is similar to the features of the texture of the present invention, even in this case, since ⁇ 1 1 1 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 2> has a strength ratio of 2.0 or more, it is clearly distinguished from the steel pipe of the present invention. .
- ⁇ 1 1 1 ⁇ 1 1 0> is 7.0 or more and ⁇ 1 1 1 ⁇ 1 1 2> is less than 1.0.
- ⁇ 5 5 4 ⁇ 2 5> is also the main orientation of the high r value cold rolled steel sheet, but hardly exists in the steel pipe of the present invention described above. Its strength is less than 2.0, more preferably less than 1.0.
- the X-ray random intensity ratio for each of these orientations is a series based on three or more of the pole figures of ⁇ 110 ⁇ , ⁇ 100 ⁇ , ⁇ 2111 ⁇ , and ⁇ 310 ⁇ pole figures. It can be obtained from the three-dimensional texture calculated by the expansion method.
- the strength of ⁇ 010 ⁇ ⁇ 110> is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2.0 or less. These are the directions that decrease the r value in the axial direction. It is more preferably at most 1.0.
- the strength of other directions, such as ⁇ 1 1 6 ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇ 1 1 4 ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇ 1 1 3 ⁇ 1 1 0>, etc. is not particularly limited, but these are also axes. It is preferable that each is less than or equal to 2.0, because it decreases the r value in the direction.
- the above features relating to the texture of the present invention cannot be represented only by a normal inverse pole figure or a positive pole figure, but, for example, when an inverse pole figure representing the radial orientation of a steel pipe is measured in the vicinity of the center of the sheet thickness,
- the X-ray random intensity ratio in each direction is preferably as follows.
- the r value in the axial direction of the steel pipe, the r value in the circumferential direction, and the r value in the 45 ° direction, which is intermediate between the axial direction and the circumferential direction, are all 1.4 or more. .
- the r value in the axial direction can exceed 2.5.
- the anisotropy of the r value The r value in the axial direction is slightly larger than the r value in the circumferential direction or the 45 ° direction. However, the difference is less than 1.0.
- the r value in the axial direction may be 1.4 or more depending on the stripping.
- the present invention is clearly distinguished from such a steel pipe in having the texture described above.
- the structure of the steel pipe of the present invention described above is composed of a ferrite phase of 75% or more. If this is less than 75%, good moldability cannot be ensured. It is preferably at least 85%, and more preferably at least 90%. Although the effect of the present invention can be obtained even when the volume fraction of the fly phase is 100%, it is preferable to appropriately disperse the second phase particularly when it is necessary to increase the strength.
- the second phase other than the fly phase is one or more of perlite, cementite, austenite, payite, ash ferrite, martensite, carbonitride, and intermetallic compound. It consists of
- the average crystal grain size of ferrite is 10 ⁇ or more. If it is less than 10 ⁇ , it is difficult to secure good ductility. It is more preferably at least 20 m, even more preferably at least 30 ⁇ .
- the upper limit of the average particle size of ferrite is not particularly defined. However, if the average particle size is too large, the ductility is rather deteriorated or the skin becomes rough. Therefore, the average particle size is preferably 200 ⁇ or less.
- the average grain size of the ferrite is determined by polishing the cross section (L cross section) of the steel plate parallel to the rolling direction and perpendicular to the plate surface to a mirror surface, etching it with an appropriate corrosive liquid, and then reducing the thickness of the steel plate to 1-8. 2 mm 2 or more in 7/8 range
- the box may be randomly selected and observed, and it may be determined by a point calculation method or the like.
- Ferrite is one in which 90% or more is occupied by crystal grains having an aspect ratio of 0.5 to 3.0. Since the above-described structure of the steel pipe of the present invention is finally formed by recrystallization, the ferrite tissue is sized, and the crystal grains having the above-described aspect ratio occupy the majority. Become. It is preferably at least 95%, more preferably at least 98%. Even at 100%, the effect of the present invention can be naturally obtained.
- a more preferable aspect ratio is 0.7 to 2.0.
- the aspect ratio is defined as follows. In other words, in the section (L section) of a steel sheet parallel to the rolling direction and perpendicular to the sheet surface, the value obtained by dividing the maximum length (X) in the rolling direction by the maximum length (Y) of the crystal grains in the thickness direction. (X / Y).
- the volume ratio of the crystal grains having the above-mentioned aspect ratio range is represented by the area ratio.
- the area ratio is determined by etching the L section with an appropriate etching solution and then reducing the thickness by a factor of 1/8.
- a range of 2 mm 2 or more in the range of 7 to 8 may be randomly selected and observed, and determined by a point calculation method or the like.
- the r-value of the steel pipe of the present invention varies in various ways due to the change in texture
- the r-value in the longitudinal direction of the steel pipe is preferably at least 1.0.
- a value of 1.5 or more is more desirable.
- the r value in the axial direction may exceed 2.5.
- the anisotropy of the r value is not particularly limited. That is, the r value in the axial direction may be smaller than the r value in the circumferential direction or the radial direction, or vice versa.
- the present invention (4) has a texture described below, and is distinguished from such a steel pipe in that the r value is at least 1.0 at the same time.
- the orientation group of ⁇ 1 1 0 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0> to ⁇ 3 3 2 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0> on the sheet surface at 1/2 sheet thickness, and X of [1 1 1] 1 1 2> The line random strength ratio is an important characteristic value for performing hydroforming and the like.
- the average value in the direction group was set to 2.0 or more.
- the main azimuths included in this azimuth group are ⁇ 1 1 0 ⁇ x 1 1 0>, ⁇ 6 6 1 ⁇ x 1 1 0>, ⁇ 4 4 1 ⁇ x 1 1 0>, ⁇ 3 3 1 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇ 2 2 1 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇ 3 3 2 ⁇ and 1 1 0>.
- ⁇ 4 4 3 ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇ 5 4 4 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0> and ⁇ 1 1 1 ⁇ 1 1 0> may also develop. Is a preferred orientation for form forming, but it is also the orientation generally accepted for cold-rolled steel sheets for deep drawing.
- the steel pipe of the present invention has a group of crystal orientations that cannot be obtained by simply forming a steel pipe from a deep drawn cold-rolled steel sheet as a material by electrode welding or the like.
- ⁇ 111 ⁇ and 112> which are typical crystal orientations of the high r-value cold-rolled steel sheet, and these are 1.5 or less, more preferably 1. It is less than 0.
- the X-ray random intensity ratio for each of these directions is based on three or more of the pole figures of ⁇ 110 ⁇ , ⁇ 100 ⁇ , ⁇ 2111 ⁇ and ⁇ 310 ⁇ . It can be obtained from the three-dimensional texture calculated by the series expansion method.
- the orientation showing the highest intensity is There may be deviations of ⁇ 5 ° to 10 °.
- the average X-ray random intensity ratio of the ⁇ 1 1 0 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0> to ⁇ 3 3 2 ⁇ 1 1 0> orientation groups is the arithmetic average of the X-ray random intensity ratio of each of the above orientations. . If all the intensities in the above orientations cannot be obtained, the intensity ratios in the orientations of ⁇ 1 1 0 ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇ 4 4 1 ⁇ 1 1 0> and ⁇ 2 2 1 ⁇ 1 1 0> May be substituted by the arithmetic mean of If the average intensity ratio of the ⁇ 110 ⁇ ⁇ 110> to ⁇ 33102 ⁇ ⁇ 110> orientation groups is 3.0 or more, it is particularly suitable as a steel pipe for hydroforming. Needless to say.
- the average intensity ratio of the above orientation group is 4.0 or more.
- Other orientations such as ⁇ 0 0 1 ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇ 1 1 6 ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇ 1 1 4 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇ 1 1 3 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0>,
- the strengths such as ⁇ 1 1 2 ⁇ 1 1 0> and ⁇ 2 2 3 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0> vary depending on the manufacturing conditions and are not particularly limited. However, their average strengths should be 3.0 or less. Is preferred.
- an arc-shaped test piece is cut out from the steel pipe and pressed to make a flat plate for X-ray analysis.
- a flat plate is formed from an arc-shaped test piece, it is preferable that the test be performed with as low a strain as possible in order to avoid the influence of crystal rotation due to the processing of the test piece.
- the plate-like sample obtained in this way is polished to near the center of the plate thickness by mechanical polishing or chemical polishing, etc., and is mirror-finished by puff polishing. After raising, remove the distortion by electrolytic polishing or chemical polishing, and at the same time adjust the thickness center layer to be the measurement surface.
- the texture of the present invention is defined by X-ray measurement results at the center of the plate thickness or at a surface near the center of the plate thickness. preferable.
- the texture changes from the outer surface of the steel pipe to the thickness of about 1 Z4 due to the shear deformation due to the diameter reduction described below, and may not satisfy the above requirements for the texture.
- ⁇ hk 1 ⁇ uvw> means that the crystal orientation perpendicular to the plate surface is ⁇ hk 1> and the longitudinal direction of the steel pipe is ⁇ uvw> when the X-ray sample is collected by the method described above.
- the features related to the texture of the present invention cannot be represented only by a normal inverse pole figure or positive pole figure, but, for example, when an inverse pole figure representing the radial orientation of a steel pipe is measured near the center of the plate thickness
- the X-ray random intensity ratio in each direction is as follows.
- the hot-rolling may be performed by reheating the ingot slab.
- the heating temperature of the hot rolling is not particularly limited, and may be any temperature that is appropriate to realize the desired finishing temperature.
- the finishing temperature of hot rolling may be performed in any temperature range of ⁇ + ⁇ 2 phase region, ⁇ single phase region, ⁇ + pearlite, ⁇ + cementite, in addition to the normal single phase region.
- One or more passes of hot rolling may be lubricated.
- the rough rolling pars may be joined to each other and the finish hot rolling may be performed continuously.
- the rough rolling par may be wound once or unwound again, and then subjected to finish hot rolling.
- the cooling rate and coiling temperature after hot rolling are not particularly limited. After hot rolling, it is desirable to perform pickling. Furthermore, skin pass rolling or cold rolling at a draft of 50% or less may be performed.
- the heat-affected zone of the weld may be subjected to local solution heat treatment alone or in combination depending on the required properties, and in some cases, may be repeated a plurality of times. Increase further. This heat treatment is intended to be applied only to the weld and the heat affected zone, and can be applied online or offline during manufacturing.
- the heating temperature before diameter reduction of the steel pipe is (10) or (11) according to the present invention.
- the heating temperature is ⁇ 0 0 1 ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇ 1 1 6 ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇ 1 1 4 ⁇ of the sheet surface at the center of the thickness of the hot rolled steel sheet or the base steel pipe before the heat reduction. ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇ 1 1 2 ⁇
- the temperature range is not less than 65 ° C. and not more than 1200 ° C. If the temperature is less than 65 ° C., it is difficult to reduce the diameter, and the structure after the diameter reduction becomes a processed structure. Therefore, it is necessary to heat again in order to ensure the formability, which increases the cost.
- the heating temperature is higher than 1200 ° C, scale will be excessively formed on the surface of the steel pipe, resulting in not only poor surface properties but also poor formability.
- a lower limit of 150 ° C. or less is a more preferable upper limit.
- the texture of the parent pipe is changed, for example, when the finishing temperature of hot rolling is in the recrystallization temperature range of Ar 3 points or more, or when the steel is slowly cooled after hot rolling.
- the heating temperature at this time be 3 points or more of Ac.
- the upper limit is set to 1200 ° C. 150 ° C. is a more preferred upper limit.
- the aggregate structure of the mother pipe becomes like this is that, for example, when the finishing temperature of hot rolling is in the non-recrystallization temperature range near the point just above Ar 3 or below Ar 3, the steepness after hot rolling occurs. For example, a case where cooling is performed quickly.
- the texture of the hot-rolled steel sheet may be substituted for the texture of the mother steel pipe.
- the method of reducing the diameter is also important. That is, the diameter is reduced so that the diameter reduction rate is 30% or more and the thickness reduction rate is 5% or more and less than 30%. If the diameter reduction ratio is less than 30%, a good texture is not sufficiently developed. Preferably, the diameter is reduced by 50% or more. Although the effect of the present invention can be obtained without any particular upper limit of the diameter reduction ratio, it is preferably 90% or less from the viewpoint of productivity. Further, it is not enough to set the diameter reduction ratio to 30% or more, and it is essential to reduce the diameter while reducing the sheet thickness. If the sheet thickness does not increase or change, it is difficult to obtain a good texture. Therefore, the thickness reduction rate is 5 to 3 °%. Preferably, it is 10 to 25%.
- the diameter reduction ratio is ⁇ (the diameter of the mother pipe before diameter reduction-the diameter of the steel pipe after diameter reduction is completed) / the diameter of the mother pipe before diameter reduction) ⁇ X100 (%)
- the reduction rate is defined as ⁇ (the thickness of the mother pipe before diameter reduction-the thickness of the steel pipe after diameter reduction is completed) / the thickness of the mother pipe before diameter reduction) ⁇ X100 (%) is defined.
- the outer diameter of the steel pipe is measured for the diameter of the steel pipe.
- the diameter reduction completion temperature is desirably in the ⁇ + ⁇ region, ⁇ single phase region, ++ cementite region, or ⁇ + pearlite region. This is because it is necessary for the above-mentioned diameter reduction to be added to the ⁇ phase in a certain amount or more in order to obtain a good texture.
- the heating temperature before the diameter reduction of the steel pipe and the conditions of the subsequent diameter reduction are important in the present invention.
- the present invention is based on the following new findings. That is, first, diameter reduction processing is performed in the ⁇ region, and the 0 / phase is unrecrystallized or the recrystallization fraction is 50% or less, and the y texture is developed. By transforming the ⁇ texture formed by such diameter reduction processing, it was found that the texture near ⁇ 1 1 1 ⁇ and 1 1 0>, which is favorable for hydroforming, was remarkably developed. is there.
- the heating temperature must be higher than the A c 3 transformation point. This is because the above-mentioned unrecrystallized ⁇ -grained tissue develops by performing large diameter reduction in the ⁇ single-phase region.
- the upper limit of the heating temperature is not particularly limited, but is desirably 115 ° C. or lower in order to maintain good surface properties. Is (A c 3 + 1 0 0 ) ° C ⁇ 1 1 0 0 ° C Gayo more preferable range.
- the diameter reduction processing in the ⁇ region is performed so that the diameter reduction rate is 40% or more. If it is less than 40%, unrecrystallized texture does not develop in the ⁇ region, and it becomes difficult to finally obtain a favorable r value and texture.
- the diameter reduction rate is preferably 50% or more, and more preferably 65% or more.
- the diameter reduction in the ⁇ region should be completed at a temperature as close as possible to the Ar 3 transformation temperature.In this case, the reduction ratio is ⁇ (the diameter of the mother pipe before diameter reduction in the 1 V region). Diameter of steel pipe after diameter completion) Z Diameter of mother pipe before diameter reduction processing) ⁇ XI Defined as 0 (%).
- the cooling rate is preferably at least 10 ° C / s, and more preferably at least 20 ° C / s. Endpoint temperature of cooling - and (A r 3 1 0 0) ° C or less. As a result, texture formation accompanying the ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ transformation becomes favorable. Cooling to the ⁇ ⁇ a transformation completion temperature is even more preferable in terms of texture formation.
- a temperature range of Ar 3 to (Ar 3 — 100) ° C may be performed at a rate of 10% or more, and the diameter reduction may be completed at A r 3 to (A r 3 — 100) ° C. This further promotes the formation of ⁇ 111 ⁇ ⁇ 110> texture by transformation.
- the diameter reduction ratio due to the ⁇ + phase 2 phase region is as follows: ⁇ (Diameter of steel pipe before diameter reduction at Ar 3 points or less-Ar 3 to (Ar 3 — 100) ° C) Diameter of steel pipe after completion) ZA r Diameter of steel pipe before diameter reduction at 3 points or less ⁇ XI Defined as 0 (%).
- the total diameter reduction ratio of the steel pipe manufactured in this way is naturally over 40%. It is preferably at least 60%.
- the total diameter reduction ratio is defined by the following equation.
- the sheet thickness change rate of the steel pipe after the completion of the diameter reduction processing on the mother pipe is preferably set to + 10% to 110%.
- Thickness reduction rate is ⁇ (Sheet thickness of steel pipe after diameter reduction is completed-thickness of mother pipe before diameter reduction) / thickness of mother pipe before diameter reduction) ⁇ X100 (%) definition Is done.
- For the diameter of the steel pipe measure the outer shape of the steel pipe. If the sheet thickness after diameter reduction is too large or too small compared to the sheet thickness before diameter reduction, it becomes difficult to form a good texture.
- the heating temperature before diameter reduction of the steel pipe is important for obtaining a good n value. If the temperature is lower than 850 ° C, the processed structure tends to remain after the completion of the diameter reduction processing, and the n value decreases. If the heating temperature is less than 850 ° C, heating by using an induction heater or the like again during the diameter reduction processing can ensure the n value, but it will be costly . It is more preferably 900 ° C. or higher. When a good r value is required, the heating temperature is preferably in the ⁇ single phase region.
- the heating temperature if the heating temperature is higher than 1200 ° C., excessive scale will be formed on the surface of the steel pipe, resulting in not only poor surface properties but also poor moldability.
- a lower limit of 150 ° C. or less is a more preferable upper limit.
- the heating method is not particularly limited. However, in order to suppress the formation of scale and maintain good surface properties, it is preferable to perform heating with an induction heater in a short time.
- Diameter reduction is at least 20% or more in the temperature range of less than the Ar 3 transformation point to more than 750 ° C. Perform so that If the diameter reduction ratio is less than 20%, not only is it difficult to obtain a good r-value and texture, but also coarse particles are generated and the formability is deteriorated. It is preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 65%. The effect of the present invention can be obtained without particularly setting the upper limit of the diameter reduction rate, but is preferably 90% or less from the viewpoint of productivity. In addition, prior to diameter reduction at less than A r 3 points, Diameter reduction at A r 3 or more may be performed. This makes it possible to obtain a better r value.
- the completion temperature of diameter reduction is also very important. That is, the lower limit is set to 750 ° C. If the temperature at which the diameter reduction is completed is lower than 75 ° C., the processed structure tends to remain, and the n value becomes poor. 780 ° C. or higher is more preferable.
- the diameter reduction rate below the Ar 3 transformation point is ⁇ (the diameter of the steel pipe immediately before diameter reduction below the Ar 3 transformation point-the diameter of the steel pipe after completion of diameter reduction) below the ZA r 3 transformation point. Diameter of steel pipe just before diameter reduction at ⁇ XI 0 (%).
- the diameter is reduced so that the sheet thickness change rate is between + 5% and 130%. If the rate of change of the sheet thickness is not within this range, it is difficult to obtain a good texture and r-value. 150% is a more preferable range.
- the thickness change rate is defined as ⁇ (the thickness of the mother pipe after diameter reduction is completed-the thickness of the steel pipe before diameter reduction processing).
- the thickness of the mother pipe after diameter reduction is completed ⁇ XI 0 0 (%) .
- the diameter reduction completion temperature is desirably in the ⁇ + 0 / area. This is because it is necessary for the above-mentioned diameter reduction to be added to the a phase in a certain amount or more in order to obtain a good texture.
- the diameter reduction may be performed by combining a plurality of rolls and passing through a multi-pass line, or may be performed by using a die. Also, lubrication at the time of diameter reduction is desirable from the viewpoint of improving formability.
- the steel pipe according to the present invention preferably contains ferrite at an area ratio of 30% or more in order to ensure ductility.
- ferrite at an area ratio of 30% or more in order to ensure ductility.
- this is not the case depending on the application, and it may be composed of only one or more of the following structures: perlite, bainite, martensite, austenite, carbonitride and the like.
- the steel pipe of the present invention is used without surface treatment, This includes those that are used after surface treatment such as melting plating and electric plating for protection.
- the type of plating can be pure zinc, an alloy whose main component is zinc, A1, or the like, and the surface treatment can be performed by an ordinary method.
- Each steel having the components shown in Table 1 was melted, heated to 1200 ° C, and then hot-rolled at the finishing temperature shown in Table 2 and wound up. After pickling, the pipe was formed into an outer diameter of 100 to 200 mm by electric resistance welding, and then heated to a predetermined temperature to reduce the diameter.
- the workability of the obtained steel pipe was evaluated by the following method.
- a 1 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ scribed circle was transferred to a steel pipe in advance, and the internal pressure and the amount of axial pressing were controlled to perform circumferential overhang forming.
- the strain ⁇ in the axial direction and the strain ⁇ 0 in the circumferential direction of the portion showing the maximum expansion ratio immediately before the paste were measured.
- the X-ray measurement was performed by cutting an arc-shaped test piece from the mother pipe before diameter reduction and the steel pipe after diameter reduction and pressing it into a flat plate. (1 1 0), (2 0 0), (2 1 1), (3 1 0) The pole figure was measured, and a three-dimensional texture was calculated by the series expansion method using these. The X-ray random intensity ratio of each crystal orientation in the cross section was determined.
- Table 2 shows that ⁇ 0 0 1 ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇ 1 1 6 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇ 1 1 4 ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇ 1 1 2 ⁇
- the X-ray random intensity ratio of 110> and Table 3 show the heating temperature before diameter reduction, the diameter reduction rate, the thickness reduction rate, and the ⁇ 1 1 0 ⁇
- the maximum expansion ratio in foam molding is shown.
- the texture of the material excellent in moldability, such as a hydroform, and the control method thereof are obtained, and the steel pipe excellent in moldability, such as a hydroform, can be manufactured.
- Each steel having the components shown in Table 4 was melted and heated to 123 ° C, and then hot-rolled at the finishing temperature shown in Table 4 and wound up. After pickling, the pipe was formed to a diameter of 100 to 200 mm by electrode welding, and then heated to a predetermined temperature to reduce the diameter.
- the workability of the obtained steel pipe was evaluated by the following method.
- a 1 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ scribed circle was transferred to a steel pipe in advance, and the internal pressure and the amount of axial pressing were controlled to perform circumferential overhang forming.
- the X-ray measurement was performed by cutting an arc-shaped test piece from the mother pipe before diameter reduction and the steel pipe after diameter reduction, and pressing it into a flat plate. (1 1 0), (2 0 0), (2 1 1), (3 1 0) The pole figure was measured, and the three-dimensional texture was calculated by these using the series expansion method. The X-ray random intensity ratio of each crystal orientation in the 5 ° cross section was determined.
- Table 5 shows the conditions for diameter reduction and the characteristics of the steel pipe after diameter reduction.
- the r value in the axial direction was r L
- the r value in the 45 ° direction was r 45
- the r value in the circumferential direction was r C.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet having the components shown in Table 6 was pickled, subsequently formed into an outer diameter of 100 to 200 mm by electrode welding, and then heated to a predetermined temperature to reduce the diameter. went.
- the workability of the obtained steel pipe was evaluated by the following method.
- a 1 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ scribed circle was transferred to a steel pipe in advance, and the internal pressure and the amount of axial pressing were controlled to perform circumferential overhang forming.
- Tables 7 and 8 show the heating temperature before diameter reduction, the diameter reduction completion temperature, the diameter reduction rate, the thickness change rate, the tensile strength of the steel pipe, the n value, the ferrite fraction, the average crystal grain size, Cut ratio, axial r-value, maximum expansion ratio in hydroforming, and ⁇ 1 1 1 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 2>, ⁇ 1 1 0 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇ 4 4 1 ⁇ ⁇ 1 1 0>, ⁇ 2 2 1 ⁇ 1 1 0> and ⁇ 1 1 0 ⁇ 1 1 0> to ⁇ 3 3 2 ⁇ 1 1 0>
- the mean of the X-ray random intensity ratio of the group is shown. In the examples of the present invention, all have good formability and the maximum expansion ratio is high, whereas in the examples other than the present invention, the maximum expansion ratio is low.
- Equation (3) right side: -0.126xIn (TS) +0.94
- the texture of the material excellent in moldability, such as a hydroform, and the control method thereof are obtained, and the steel pipe excellent in moldability, such as a hydroform, can be manufactured.
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Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/049,481 US6632296B2 (en) | 2000-06-07 | 2001-06-07 | Steel pipe having high formability and method for producing the same |
EP01936889A EP1231289B1 (en) | 2000-06-07 | 2001-06-07 | Steel pipe having high formability and method for producing the same |
DE60114139T DE60114139T2 (de) | 2000-06-07 | 2001-06-07 | Stahlrohr mit hoher verformbarkeit und herstellungsverfahren dafür |
CA002381405A CA2381405C (en) | 2000-06-07 | 2001-06-07 | Steel pipe excellent in formability and method of producing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2000170352A JP3828720B2 (ja) | 2000-06-07 | 2000-06-07 | 成形性の優れた鋼管およびその製造方法 |
JP2000-170350 | 2000-06-07 | ||
JP2000-170352 | 2000-06-07 | ||
JP2000170350A JP3828719B2 (ja) | 2000-06-07 | 2000-06-07 | 成形性の優れた鋼管の製造方法 |
JP2000282158A JP3887155B2 (ja) | 2000-09-18 | 2000-09-18 | 成形性に優れた鋼管及びその製造方法 |
JP2000-282158 | 2000-09-18 |
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WO2001094655A1 true WO2001094655A1 (fr) | 2001-12-13 |
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PCT/JP2001/004800 WO2001094655A1 (fr) | 2000-06-07 | 2001-06-07 | Tuyau d'acier a haute aptitude au formage et son procede de fabrication |
Country Status (7)
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US (1) | US6632296B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP1231289B1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100515399B1 (ja) |
CN (2) | CN100340690C (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2381405C (ja) |
DE (2) | DE60114139T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2001094655A1 (ja) |
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- 2001-06-07 KR KR10-2002-7001712A patent/KR100515399B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-06-07 DE DE60114139T patent/DE60114139T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-07 DE DE60126688T patent/DE60126688T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-07 EP EP01936889A patent/EP1231289B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN1493708A (zh) | 2004-05-05 |
KR20020021401A (ko) | 2002-03-20 |
CN1386143A (zh) | 2002-12-18 |
CN1143005C (zh) | 2004-03-24 |
EP1462536B1 (en) | 2007-02-14 |
EP1231289A1 (en) | 2002-08-14 |
US20030131909A1 (en) | 2003-07-17 |
DE60114139D1 (de) | 2006-03-02 |
CA2381405C (en) | 2008-01-08 |
DE60126688T2 (de) | 2007-11-15 |
CA2381405A1 (en) | 2001-12-13 |
DE60126688D1 (de) | 2007-03-29 |
KR100515399B1 (ko) | 2005-09-16 |
EP1231289B1 (en) | 2005-10-19 |
EP1462536A1 (en) | 2004-09-29 |
US6632296B2 (en) | 2003-10-14 |
DE60114139T2 (de) | 2006-07-20 |
EP1231289A4 (en) | 2003-06-25 |
CN100340690C (zh) | 2007-10-03 |
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