WO2001079537A2 - Testsystem zum nachweis einer spleissreaktion, sowie dessen verwendung - Google Patents
Testsystem zum nachweis einer spleissreaktion, sowie dessen verwendung Download PDFInfo
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- WO2001079537A2 WO2001079537A2 PCT/EP2001/002234 EP0102234W WO0179537A2 WO 2001079537 A2 WO2001079537 A2 WO 2001079537A2 EP 0102234 W EP0102234 W EP 0102234W WO 0179537 A2 WO0179537 A2 WO 0179537A2
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- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6876—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes
- C12Q1/6883—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for diseases caused by alterations of genetic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6813—Hybridisation assays
- C12Q1/6816—Hybridisation assays characterised by the detection means
- C12Q1/6825—Nucleic acid detection involving sensors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6876—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes
- C12Q1/6883—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for diseases caused by alterations of genetic material
- C12Q1/6886—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for diseases caused by alterations of genetic material for cancer
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a homogeneous test system containing
- genes coding for proteins in eukaryotes are interrupted in their form in the genome by one or more sequences (introns) not coding for the protein.
- these non-coding areas are transferred to the primary transcript.
- this precursor mRNA in order to generate a correct form of the mRNA, this precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) must be processed.
- the pre-mRNA is processed by removing the introns and fusing the coding regions (exons). Only then can one read continuously
- Nucleotide strand can be made available for translation in the cytoplasm.
- the formation of mRNA in eukaryotes therefore requires a so-called splicing process in which the non-coding gene regions (introns) are removed from the primary gene transcript.
- the splicing takes place in the core before the mRNA is transported out of the core. It is generally carried out in a two-step mechanism, in each of which a transesterification step is involved (Moore, ÜM, et al., (1993) Splicing of precursors to messenger RNAs by the Spliceosome. In The RNA world, Edited by Gesteland RF, Gesteland, JF, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 303-358).
- the first step generates a free 5 ' exon and a so-called lariat structure of the intron, which is still connected to the 3 ' exon.
- the lariat structure contains a branched RNA, which is caused by esterification of the 5 ' end of the intron with a 2 ' hydroxyl group of a ribose in an adenosine, which is approximately 20-40
- Nucleotide is located upstream of the 3 ' end of the intron, the so-called branch site.
- the second catalytic step leads to ligation of the exons and release of the intron.
- an energy source for example AT P, is necessary for this catalysis (Guthrie, C. (1991) Science, 253, 157).
- snRNPs small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particies
- the second class consists of so far little characterized proteins that are not firmly bound to the snRNPs and are therefore called non-snRNP splice factors (Lamm, G.M. & Lamond, A.J. (1993) Biochm. Biophys. Acta, 1173,
- the composition of the snRNPs is best investigated in HeLa cells (Will, CL et al., (1995) Nuclear pre-mRNA splicing. In: Eckstein, F. and Lilley, DMJ (eds). Nucleic Acids and Molecular Biology. Springer Verlag, Berlin, pp. 342-372).
- the snRNPs lie in a 12S U1 snRNP, a 17S U2 snRNP and a 25S [U4 / U6.U5] tri- snRNP complex.
- salt concentrations approximately 1
- the tri-snRNP complex dissociates into a 20S U5 and a 12S U4 / U6 particle.
- the U4 and U6 RNAs are base-paired in the U4 / U6 snRNP via two intermolecular helices
- the snRNPs consist of two groups of proteins. In all snRNPs this is
- each snRNP contains specific proteins that are only contained in this.
- the U1 snRNP contains three additional proteins (70K, A and C) and the U2 snRNP contains eleven additional proteins.
- U5 snRNP carries nine additional proteins with a molecular weight of 15, 40, 52, 100, 102, 110, 116, 200 and 220 kDa
- 12S U4 / U6 snRNP carries two additional proteins with a molecular weight of approx. 60 and Contains 90 kDa
- the 25S tri-snRNP [U4 / U6.U5] contains five additional proteins with a molecular weight of approx. 15.5, 20, 27, 61 and 63 kDa.
- the individual components pre-mRNA, snRNPs and non-snRNP proteins
- pre-mRNA, snRNPs and non-snRNP proteins are brought together in a step-by-step process. This is achieved not only through interactions of the pre-mRNA with the protein-containing components, but also through numerous interactions between the protein-containing components themselves (Moore, JM (1993) supra; Madhani, HD & Guthrie, C. (1994) Annu. Rev. Genetics, 28, 1; Nilsen, TW (1994) Cell, 65, 11 5).
- the pre-mRNA carries in its sequence specific recognition sequences for the different splice components.
- the U1 snRNP binds to the 5 ' splice via these recognition sequences.
- the U2 snRNP particle interacts with the so-called branch site in the intron area (Krämer, A. & Utans, U. (1991) EMBO J., 10, 1503; Fu, XD & Maniatis, T. (1992) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei USA, 89, 1725; Krämer, A. (1992) Mol. Cell Biol., 12, 4545; Zamore, PD et al. (1992) Nature, 355, 609; Eperon, JC et al. ( 1993) EMBO J., 12, 3607; Zuo, P. (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad.
- alternative splicing By means of alternative splicing, different mature mRNAs can be formed from one and the same protein transcription, which code for different proteins.
- This alternative splicing is regulated in many cases. For example, this mechanism can be used to switch from a non-functional to a functional protein (e.g. B transposase in Drosophila)
- a functional protein e.g. B transposase in Drosophila
- alternative splicing is carried out in a tissue-specific manner.
- the tyrosine kinase which is encoded by the src proto-oncogene, is synthesized in nerve cells by alternative splicing in a special form
- CD44 Splicing variants of the membrane-standing molecule CD44 play a decisive role
- the CD44 gene contains several exons, 10 of which adjacent exons are spliced from the pra-mRNA in a different arrangement in the mRNA generation.
- metastatic variants are the exons Carrying 4 to 7 or 6 to 7 With the help of antibodies against the part of the protein encoded by exon 6, the metastasis could be effectively suppressed (Sherman, L, et al, (1996) Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 213 249-269) splice mutants of the APC - (Adenomatosis Pohposis Col ⁇ ) oncogene, which comes from patients of familial Adomatoser Poliposis (FAP) isolated produce truncated proteins as a result of faulty alternative splicing, with exons 9, 10A and 14 being excised (Bala, S., et al., (1996) Hum Genet 98 (5): 528
- Organism It is known that a point mutation in an intron of the ß-globin can lead to a ß + thalemia.
- the base exchange results in a wrong splice site, which leads to a changed reading frame and to premature termination of the peptide chain (Weatherall, D. & Clegg, JB (1982) Cell, 29, 7; Fukumaki, Y. et al. (1982) Cell , 28, 585).
- Arabidopsis thaliana mutants z.
- the NS1 protein which is encoded by the genome of the influenza virus, can also interfere with the splicing by binding to the U6 snRNA.
- the protein binds to nucleotides 27-46 and 83-101 of human U6 snRNA and thus prevents U6 from interacting with partners U2 and U4 during the splicing process (Fortes, P. et al. (1994) EMBO J. , 13, 704; Qiu, Y. & Krug, RM (1995) J. Virol., 68, 2425.
- the NS1 protein also appears to prevent export from the nucleus by binding to the poly-A tail of the mRNA formed (Fortes, P. et al. (1994), supra; Qiu, Y. & Krug, RM (1994), supra).
- Polymerase II were generated, also to be able to intervene in the splice processes (Yurvey, A. et al. (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sei USA, 93, 6975; WO97 / 20031).
- oligonucleotides which can additionally activate RNase H (Hodges, D. & Crooke ST. (1995) Mol. Pharmacol., 48, 905).
- RNase H Hodges, D. & Crooke ST. (1995) Mol. Pharmacol., 48, 905.
- a more detailed analysis of the pre-mRNA sequences required for the splicing showed that 19 nucleotides upstream from the branch point adenosine and 25 nucleotides around the 3 ' and 5 ' splice site are suitable
- a pre-mRNA is generally first prepared by in vitro transcription. Genetic constructs from viruses, e.g. B. adenoviruses, or cellular structural genes. Such pre-mRNAs contain all the important structural elements that are necessary for the recognition of the pre-mRNA by the spliceosome and the process of splicing. In general, the pre-mRNA is radiolabelled so that, after separation in a denaturing urea-polyacrylamide gel, the characteristic band patterns can be used to assess whether a splicing reaction has occurred or in which reaction step a disturbance has occurred.
- test systems of this type are very time-consuming and labor-intensive and are therefore not suitable for the systematic detection of substances which can modulate the splicing.
- Components are mobile in a soluble phase, for the detection of a
- Screening is suitable, for example, in a robot system.
- the task is solved by the specific choice of the probes.
- the present invention therefore relates to a homogeneous test system
- probes For a homogeneous test system, therefore, suitable probes must be generated that enable the detection of the splicing that has been carried out or that has not been done.
- the probes according to (b) can preferably bind to the nucleic acid to be investigated by means of hybridization.
- nucleic acids of such probes which are necessary for this and which are complementary to partial sequences of the splicable nucleic acid are complementary to at least one partial sequence of an intron and one partial sequence of an exon or at least to two partial sequences of two exons.
- the basic arrangement is shown in Figure 1a) -d).
- the complementary probes are preferably located at the ends of the intron or exon and, on the basis of corresponding fluorophores in the unspliced splicable nucleic acid or in the splice product, generate a detectable signal by means of which the maturity state of the RNA (pre-mRNA or mRNA) can be characterized and investigated ,
- Molecules are known to those skilled in the art under the name fluorophore, the physical behavior of which is distinguished by the fact that they are excited by a distinct wavelength, i.e. be raised to a higher energy level and emit this additional energy in the form of light of a longer length of time when they fall back to their original energy level.
- Corresponding fluorophores in the sense of the invention are understood to mean a pair of fluorescent molecules whose properties consist in the fact that the wavelength of the emitted light (emission) of the fluorophore of lower wavelength (donor) is in the range of the excitation wavelength of the second fluorophore (acceptor).
- Natural fluorophore pairs are, for example, phenylalanine / tyrosine and tyrosine / tryptophan in proteins.
- Corresponding fluorophores on the basis are preferred according to the invention Fluorescein / rhodamine, and their derivatives such as carboxyfluorescein
- the fluorescent molecules can be linked to the nucleotides using methods known to the person skilled in the art during the synthesis of a nucleotide sequence, or can also be specifically covalently linked to the 5 'or 3' terminus of the nucleotide sequence (see examples).
- the splicing product resulting from the splice reaction, the mature mRNA, can be detected according to the invention by means of the corresponding fluorophores, so that both partial steps (each exoni / intron / exon2 cut on the characteristic consensus sequences) of a splice reaction have been completed.
- the probes therefore consist of two oligonucleotides which are complementary to the 3 'end of exon 1 or 5' end of exon 2 and in turn have a corresponding one at their 5 'or 3' end Wear fluorophore.
- the splicing process that has taken place can be detected particularly easily by means of a signal produced by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (cf. FIG. 1a).
- the probe consists of two oligonucleotides which are complementary to the 3 'end of exon 1 or 5' end of the intron, or complementary to the 3 'end of intron and 5' end of exon 2 and carry a fluorescent molecule at their 5 'or 3' end.
- the splicing process can be detected particularly simply by the decrease in a signal resulting from fluorescence resonance energy transfer (cf. FIG. 1 b).
- a probe consists of two oligonucleotides which are complementary to the 3 'end of exon 1 or 5 "end of exon 2 and carry a fluorescent molecule at their 5' or 3 'end
- the arrangement of the oligonucleotides in FIG. 1a serves for the direct detection of a deleted intron sequence.
- the arrangement of the oligonucleotides in FIG. 1b is preferably used to demonstrate whether the exoni could be separated from the intron sequence during the splicing process.
- FIG. 1c The arrangement of the oligonucleotides in FIG. 1c is preferably used to demonstrate whether Exon2 could be successfully separated from the intron sequence.
- a combination of Fig. 1 a and 1 b shows Fig. 1d and is therefore preferably used to detect the individual intermediate and end products during the
- test system can therefore be used to determine in which reaction step the splicing process is interrupted.
- the splicable nucleic acid contains at least two exons which are separated by at least one intron.
- Exoni generally represents an exon 5 'from the intron and Exon2 generally represents a 3' exon.
- the splicable nucleic acid is any nucleic acid that can be spliced, preferably an RNA, for example in the form of a so-called pre-mRNA or in the form of a DNA that contains RNA sections.
- Intron means a non-coding sequence which is spliced due to the recognizing consensus sequences.
- consensus sequences are in yeast: / GUAUGU in the 5 'splice, YAG / G in the 3' splice and UACUAAC in the branch point; in humans: AG / GURAGU in the
- MINX miniature wild-type substrates
- Zillmann, M., Zapp, ML, Berget, SM (1988), Mol. Cell. Biol., 8: 814-21.
- additional probes can be inserted into the intron structure of the pre-mRNA.
- Such constructs are therefore suitable for detection an inhibition of splicing in the first step, ie opening of the mRNA and
- the connection between exoni and intron is opened in the first splicing step by the spliceosome at the 5 'splice point of the intron. Only in the second splicing step is there a covalent link between Exoni and Exon2. The exoni is therefore no longer connected to the mRNA during the first step of the splicing reaction and can therefore be removed from the splicing reaction.
- a statement can therefore be made as to whether, for example, inhibition has taken place in the first splicing step.
- both the first splicing step can be used how to track the second splicing step in a test system.
- suitable nucleic acid constructs are disclosed in the form of their coding sequences in German patent application 199 09 156. A basic arrangement for execution is given in FIG. Depending on the signal sequence, the sequence of the splicing process can be concluded when using different wavelengths.
- the invention therefore also relates to a method for examining the splicing process.
- RNA, 2: 1079-93 For investigations in the yeast system, one can, for example, start from the pre-mRNA for U3 of the yeast (Mougin, A. et al., (1996), RNA, 2: 1079-93).
- a composition containing the individual splice components preferably "small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles (snRNP) components and non-snRNP components, is usually used.
- the snRNP components contain U1, U2, U4, U5 and / or U6 proteins.
- Cell extracts especially eukaryotic cell extracts used for the studies.
- the cell extracts from animal cells, in particular mammalian cells, especially HeLa cells, in particular from
- Nuclear extracts from HeLa cells or cell extracts from fungi in particular
- Yeasts can be obtained by methods generally known to the person skilled in the art
- the cell extracts generally contain all the important factors for performing splicing in vitro.
- the present invention therefore also relates to a method for producing a test system in which at least one mobile splicable nucleic acid together with the associated probes containing corresponding fluorophores and at least one gel-free detection system and optionally at least one composition containing splice components and, if appropriate, further auxiliaries are put together.
- Preferred embodiments of the individual components have already been described in more detail.
- Another object of the present invention is therefore a method for finding an active substance, wherein a) one or more identical or different mobile nucleic acid / s with at least one splicable nucleic acid sequence together with associated probes with corresponding fluorophores in the presence of at least one substance to be investigated and at least a composition containing splice components and optionally in the presence of further auxiliaries under suitable conditions, and b) the splice product that may be formed is detected by means of a gel-free detection system.
- the active substance can be a pharmaceutically active compound, a natural product in the broadest sense, a fungicide, a herbicide, a pesticide and / or an insecticide, preferably it is an antibiotic.
- the substance to be examined is generally a naturally occurring, a naturally occurring and chemically modified and / or a synthetic substance.
- so-called combinatorial substance libraries can be searched particularly easily and quickly with the methods according to the invention.
- Another object of the present invention is therefore a method for diagnosing a disease, wherein a) one or more identical or different mobile nucleic acid (s), preferably with at least one splicable nucleic acid sequence together with probes with associated corresponding fluorophores in the presence of at least one substance to be examined and at least one a composition containing splice components and, if appropriate, further auxiliaries are incubated under suitable conditions, and b) that any splice product formed is detected by means of a gel-free detection system.
- s mobile nucleic acid
- the substance is very preferably a nucleic acid, preferably RNA.
- the diseases to be diagnosed here are preferably hereditary diseases, cancerous diseases and / or viral diseases, in particular Grave's disease, spinal muscular atrophy, ⁇ '-thalassemia, cancerous diseases relating to the c-genetic oncogene, hepatitis-C infections and / or herpes simplex virus infections ,
- the present invention can directly identify shortened alternative splice products of the mutated APC oncogene and thus represents an alternative to the previously practiced PTT (protein truncation test) (Bala, S., et al., (1996) Hum Genet 98 (5 ): 528 - 533).
- composition containing splice components can be, for example, a treated or untreated tissue sample from the patient.
- the RNA construct The mRNA to be spliced consists of at least two exons, which are separated by an intron. It can be both natural and of molecular biological origin.
- cell cultures with Heia cells are used.
- the cells are sedimented from the culture medium by centrifugation (1000 ⁇ g, 10 min.) And washed with phosphate buffer.
- the cell sediment is then taken up in five times the volume of buffer A (10 mM HEPES, 1.5 mM MgCb, 10 mM KCI, 0.5 mM DTT, pH 7.9, 4 ° C.) Incubated for 10 minutes.
- the cells are sedimented again and in duplicate
- the cores are sedimented by centrifugation. Finally, the cores are again taken up in buffer A and centrifuged for 20 minutes at 25,000 xg.
- the sediment is dissolved in 3 ml buffer B (20 mM HEPES, 25% (v / v) glycerol, 0.42 M NaCl, 1.5 mM MgCl 2 , 0.2 mM EDTA, 0.5 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), 0.5 mM DTT, pH 7.9) and digested again with the Dounce homogenizer.
- the resulting suspension is incubated for 30 minutes on a magnetic stirrer and then centrifuged at 25,000 xg for 30 minutes.
- Yeast cells from a protease-deficient strain (BJ926, EJ101 or similar strains) are sedimented in the logarithmic growth phase by centrifugation (1500 ⁇ g, 5 min., 4 ° C.). The cells are resuspended in two to four times the volume of ice-cold water and centrifuged again at 1,500 ⁇ g (5 min, 4 ° C.). The cells are then taken up in the simple volume of zymolyase buffer (50 mM Tris HCL, 10 mM MgCb, 1 M sorbitol, 30 mM DTT, pH 7.5) and incubated for 30 minutes at room temperature.
- zymolyase buffer 50 mM Tris HCL, 10 mM MgCb, 1 M sorbitol, 30 mM DTT, pH 7.5
- the cells are centrifuged off (1,500 ⁇ g, 5 min., 4 ° C.), taken up in three times the volume of zymolyase buffer with 2 mg (200 U) of zymolyase 100 T and incubated for 40 minutes at 30 ° C. on a shaker (50 RPM).
- the spheroblasts formed are centrifuged off (1,500 xg, 5 min., 4 ° C.) and washed once in 2 ml of ice-cold zymolyase buffer.
- the sediment is washed with two volumes of lysis buffer (50 mM Tris HCl, 10 mM MgSO, 1 mM EDTA, 10 mM potassium acetate, 1 mM DTT, protease inhibitors, 1 mM PMSF, pH 7.5) and finally taken up in one volume of lysis buffer , The Spherical blasts are then in a dounce homogenizer by 5- to
- the assay is evaluated in a suitable evaluation device (fluorescence spectrometer, Perkin Elmer, Ueberlingen, Germany; Fluoreszezreader, Fluostar Galaxy, BMG, Offenburg, Germany; Light Cycler, Röche, Mannheim, Germany).
- a suitable evaluation device fluorescence spectrometer, Perkin Elmer, Ueberlingen, Germany; Fluoreszezreader, Fluostar Galaxy, BMG, Offenburg, Germany; Light Cycler, Röche, Mannheim, Germany).
- the construct described in FIG. 2 was provided with a T7 promoter and amplified via a standard PCR reaction. It was then transcribed into the corresponding mRNA using in vitro transcription. The corresponding construct without intron was also used in the experiments as a positive control and for later comparison.
- NTPs ATP, GTP, CTP and UTP with 5 mM
- MINX template DNA 1 mg / ml
- T7 polymerase 10 U / ⁇ l
- the transcription batch was incubated at 37 ° C. for 2 h and then cleaned using a preparative urea gel using standard methods.
- the gel was placed on a thin-layer chromatography plate carrying a 0.25 mm thick layer of Kieselgel-60 with fluorescent indicator UV254 (Macherny-Nagel), and from above by a UV lamp with a wavelength of Irradiated 254 nm.
- the RNA band absorbs the wavelength necessary to excite the fluorescence indicator and thus causes an unexcited area on the thin-layer chromatography plate, which becomes visible as a shadow.
- the RNA was cut out with a scalpel.
- the gel fragment was cut and the RNA extracted from the gel overnight at 4 ° C. with elution buffer (500 mM Na acetate pH 5, 1 mM EDTA pH 8, 2.5% phenol / chloroform). Then that was
- pre-mRNA was used which did not contain the intron.
- reaction mixture including the probes above, was pipetted and the increase or decrease in the signal was monitored by means of a fluorescence reader over a period of 40 minutes.
- a large number of small samples can be detected, for example to diagnose the shortened splice products of the APC oncogene, in the Light Cycler System (Röche, Switzerland) or in a fluorescence reader (Fluostar Galaxy, BMG, Offenburg, Germany).
- the oligonucleotides used can be prepared by standard solid-phase DNA synthesis using a 392 RNA / DNA synthesizer (Applied Biosystems, 1992: Evaluating and Isolating Synthetic Oligonucleotides). The syntheses are carried out on a scale of 0.2 or 1 ⁇ mol according to the standard cycles recommended by Applied Biosystems while maintaining the 5'-terminal dimethoxytrityl group ("trityl-on"). A carrier loaded with a fluorophore (CPG support - controlled pore glass carrier) is used to synthesize a 3'-labeled probe.
- CPG support - controlled pore glass carrier is used to synthesize a 3'-labeled probe.
- fluorophore fluorescein-CPG, TAMRA-CPG, Glen Research; Sterling, Virginia
- fluorescein-CPG fluorescein-CPG
- TAMRA-CPG Glen Research; Sterling, Virginia
- oligonucleotides are split off from the solid phase with aqueous
- the subsequent removal of the protective groups is carried out by further addition of aqueous ammonia solution (33%) and subsequent incubation at 55 ° C. for 6 h.
- the efficiency of the individual coupling steps is determined by UVA IS spectrometry by measuring the absorption of the trityl groups split off during the synthesis at 495 nm.
- the deprotected oligonucleotide solutions are frozen with liquid nitrogen and lyophyllized, in order to avoid detritylation at the terminal 5 'position, a pH check is carried out at intervals of 20 minutes and triethlyamine (1 ⁇ l) is added if necessary.
- the lyophilisate is then taken up in 400 ⁇ l of 100 mM triethylammonium acetate, pH 7.0, and the oligonucleotides are purified by means of reversed pased HPLC on a Hypersil reversed phase C-18 column at a flow rate of 1 ml / min.
- Elution is carried out using the following gradients: 11-26% 70% acetonitrile / 30% 100 mM triethylammonium acetate, pH 7.0 (0-20 min), 26-44% 70% acetonitrile / 30% 100 mM triethylammonium acetate, pH 7, 0, (20-30 min), 44-100% 70% acetonitrile / 30% 100 mM triethylammonium acetate, pH 7.0 (30-33 min).
- the product fractions are combined, lyophilized and traces of triethylammonium acetate are removed by repeated absorption in water (1 ml each) and subsequent lyophilization.
- the 5'-terminal trityl group is split off (“detrilization”) using aqueous acetic acid (80%, 10 ⁇ l / nmol
- Oligonucleotide for 20 min at RT.
- the detritylated oligonucleotides are after adding aqueous sodium acetate solution (3M, pH 5.2 1, 5 ul / nmol oligonucleotide) and isoproanol (34 ul / nmol oligonucleotide) at -80 ° C for 10 min like.
- the oligonucleotides are centrifuged at 4 ° C. (17,000 g), the
- Oligonucleotides are centrifuged again at 4 ° C. (17,000 ⁇ g), the supernatant is discarded and the precipitate obtained is dried at RT in a high vacuum. The resulting lyophilisate was taken up in water (500 ⁇ l) and the pH was adjusted to pH 7.0 with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.
- the purity of the detrinylated oligonucleotides obtained is determined by reversed phase HPLC using an ODS Hypersil reversed phase C-18 column oil. The following gradient is used for elution: 5-25% 70% acetonitrile / 30% 100 mM triethylammonium acetate, pH 7.0 (0-20 min), 25-45% 70% acetonitrile / 30% 100 mM triethylammonium acetate, pH 7.0 (20-25 min), 45-100% 70% acetonitrile / 30% 100 mM triethylammonium acetate, pH 7.0 (25-28 min).
- the oligonucleotides are applied to a gel filtration column (NAP-5) pre-equilibrated with water and eluted with 1.5 ml of water.
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US10/257,554 US20040038221A1 (en) | 2000-04-14 | 2001-02-28 | Test system for detecting a splicing reaction and use therof |
AU2001256170A AU2001256170A1 (en) | 2000-04-14 | 2001-02-28 | Test system for detecting a splicing reaction and use thereof |
EP01929371A EP1276908A2 (de) | 2000-04-14 | 2001-02-28 | Testsystem zum nachweis einer spleissreaktion, sowie dessen verwendung |
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PCT/EP2001/002234 WO2001079537A2 (de) | 2000-04-14 | 2001-02-28 | Testsystem zum nachweis einer spleissreaktion, sowie dessen verwendung |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040038221A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1276908A2 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2001256170A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE10018465A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001079537A2 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007031574A1 (de) | 2007-07-06 | 2009-01-08 | Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh | Minor-Spleißosom Testsystem zur Modulierung der Zellteilung |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1992014841A1 (en) * | 1991-02-14 | 1992-09-03 | Baxter Diagnostics Inc. | Novel lanthanide chelate-conjugated oligonucleotides |
WO1997046714A1 (en) * | 1996-06-04 | 1997-12-11 | University Of Utah Research Foundation | Monitoring hybridization during pcr |
DE19909156A1 (de) * | 1999-03-02 | 2000-09-07 | Aventis Res & Tech Gmbh & Co | Testsystem zum Nachweis einer Spleißreaktion, sowie dessen Verwendung |
-
2000
- 2000-04-14 DE DE10018465A patent/DE10018465A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-02-28 EP EP01929371A patent/EP1276908A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-02-28 WO PCT/EP2001/002234 patent/WO2001079537A2/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-02-28 US US10/257,554 patent/US20040038221A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-02-28 AU AU2001256170A patent/AU2001256170A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1992014841A1 (en) * | 1991-02-14 | 1992-09-03 | Baxter Diagnostics Inc. | Novel lanthanide chelate-conjugated oligonucleotides |
WO1997046714A1 (en) * | 1996-06-04 | 1997-12-11 | University Of Utah Research Foundation | Monitoring hybridization during pcr |
DE19909156A1 (de) * | 1999-03-02 | 2000-09-07 | Aventis Res & Tech Gmbh & Co | Testsystem zum Nachweis einer Spleißreaktion, sowie dessen Verwendung |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
Title |
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AUSUBEL F M: "Preparation of protein extracts from yeast. In: Current protocols in molecular biology" 1994 , JOHN WILEY & SONS , CANADA XP002207202 in der Anmeldung erw{hnt Seite 13.13.1 -Seite 13.13.9 * |
ERSTER S H ET A.: "Use of RNase H and primer extension to analyze RNA splicing" NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH, Bd. 16, Nr. 13, 1988, Seiten 5999-6014, XP002207201 * |
GUTHRIE C: "Messenger RNA splicing in yeast: Clues to why the spliceosome is a ribonucleoprotein " SCIENCE, Bd. 253, 1991, Seite 157 XP002207199 in der Anmeldung erw{hnt * |
MORGAN W R ET AL: "THREE SPLICING PATTERNS ARE USED TO EXCISE THE SMALL INTRON COMMON TO ALL MINUTE VIRUS OF MICE RNAS" JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY, NEW YORK, US, US, Bd. 60, Nr. 3, Oktober 1986 (1986-10), Seiten 1170-1174, XP000961665 ISSN: 0022-538X * |
VOLLOCH V ET AL: "INHIBITION OF PRE-MRNA SPLICING BY ANTISENSE RNA IN VITRO: EFFECT OF RNA CONTAINING SEQUENCES COMPLEMENTARY TO EXONS" BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS, ACADEMIC PRESS INC. ORLANDO, FL, US, Bd. 179, Nr. 3, 30. September 1991 (1991-09-30), Seiten 1593-1599, XP001053533 ISSN: 0006-291X in der Anmeldung erw{hnt * |
ZANELLI E ET AL.: "Evidence for an alternate splicing in the thyroperoxidase messenger from patients with Grave's disease" BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS, Bd. 170, Nr. 2, 1990, Seiten 735-741, XP002207200 in der Anmeldung erw{hnt * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007031574A1 (de) | 2007-07-06 | 2009-01-08 | Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh | Minor-Spleißosom Testsystem zur Modulierung der Zellteilung |
WO2009006990A2 (de) * | 2007-07-06 | 2009-01-15 | Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh | Minor-spleissosom testsystem zur modulierung der zellteilung |
WO2009006990A3 (de) * | 2007-07-06 | 2009-04-02 | Karlsruhe Forschzent | Minor-spleissosom testsystem zur modulierung der zellteilung |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10018465A1 (de) | 2001-10-18 |
AU2001256170A1 (en) | 2001-10-30 |
US20040038221A1 (en) | 2004-02-26 |
EP1276908A2 (de) | 2003-01-22 |
WO2001079537A3 (de) | 2002-11-28 |
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