Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
  • C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
  • C07D417/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
  • A61P1/16—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for liver or gallbladder disorders, e.g. hepatoprotective agents, cholagogues, litholytics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
  • A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D281/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings of more than six members having one nitrogen atom and one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D281/02—Seven-membered rings
  • C07D281/04—Seven-membered rings having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 4
  • C07D281/08—Seven-membered rings having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 4 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
  • C07D281/10—Seven-membered rings having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 4 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems condensed with one six-membered ring
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
  • C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
  • C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
  • C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
  • C07F9/6536—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having nitrogen and sulfur atoms with or without oxygen atoms, as the only ring hetero atoms

Definitions

• This invention relates to benzothiazepine derivatives, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, solvates of such salts and prodrugs thereof.
• These benzothiazepines possess 5 ileal bile acid transport (IBAT) inhibitory activity and accordingly have value in the treatment of disease states associated with hyperlipidaemic conditions and they are useful in methods of treatment of a warm-blooded animal, such as man.
• IBAT ileal bile acid transport
• the invention also relates to processes for the manufacture of said benzothiazepine derivatives, to pharmaceutical compositions containing them and to their use in the manufacture of medicaments to inhibit IBAT in a
• IBAT Inhibitors of IBAT can be used in the treatment of hypercholesterolaemia (see for instance "Interaction of bile acids and cholesterol with nonsystemic agents having hypocholesterolaemic properties",
• Suitable compounds having such inhibitory LBAT activity are also useful in the treatment of hyperlipidaemic conditions.
• Substituted benzothiazepines possessing such IBAT inhibitory activity have been described, see for instance hypolipidaemic benzothiazepine compounds described in WO 93/16055, WO 94/18183, WO 94/18184, WO 96/05188, WO 96/08484, WO 96/16051, WO 97/33882, WO 98/38182, WO 99/35135, WO 98/40375 and EP 0 864 582.
• the present invention is based on the discovery that certain benzothiazepine compounds surprisingly inhibit IBAT and that they posses characteristics that make them particularly suitable as medicaments. Such properties are expected to be of value in the treatment of disease states associated with hyperlipidaemic conditions.
• R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from C ⁇ alkyl; one of R 4 and R 5 is a group of formula (IA):
• R 3 and R 6 and the other of R 4 and R s are independently selected from hydrogen, halo, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, amino, carboxy, carbamoyl, mercapto, sulphamoyl, C M alkyl, C 2 . 4 alkenyl, C 2-4 alkynyl, C M alkoxy, C M alkanoyl, C 1 . 4 alkanoyloxy, N-(C 1 . 4 alkyl)amino, NN-(C M alkyl) 2 amino, C M alkanoylamino, N-(Cj. 4 alkyl)carbamoyl, N,N-(C 1 . 4 alkyl) 2 carbamoyl, C 1 .
• R 4 alkylS(O) a wherein a is 0 to 2, C ⁇ . 4 alkoxycarbonyl, N-(C M alkyl)sulphamoyl and N,N-(C 1.4 alkyl) 2 sulphamoyl; wherein R 3 and R 6 and the other of R 4 and R 5 may be optionally substituted on carbon by one or more R 14 ;
• R 7 is carboxy, sulpho, sulphino, phosphono, -P(O)(OR a )(OR b ), P(O)(OH)(OR a ), - P(O)(OH)(R a ) or P(O)(OR a )(R b ), wherein R a , R b , are independently selected from C, .6 alkyl; or R 7 is a group of formula (IB):
• R 8 and R 9 are independently hydrogen, C,. 4 alkyl or a saturated cyclic group, or R 8 and R 9 together form C 2 . 6 alkylene; wherein R 8 and R 9 or R 8 and R 9 together may be independently optionally substituted on carbon by one or more substituents selected from R 15 ; and wherein if said saturated cyclic group contains an -NH- moiety, that nitrogen may be optionally substituted by one or more R 20 ;
• R 10 is hydrogen or C M alkyl; wherein R 10 is optionally substituted on carbon by one or more substituents selected from R 24 ;
• R" is hydrogen, C M alkyl, carbocyclyl or heterocyclyl; wherein R 11 is optionally substituted on carbon by one or more substituents selected from R 16 ; and wherein if said heterocyclyl contains an -NH- moiety, that nitrogen may be optionally substituted by one or more R 21 ;
• R 12 is hydrogen or C M alkyl, carbocyclyl or heterocyclyl; wherein R 12 is optionally substituted on carbon by one or more substituents selected from R ; and wherein if said heterocyclyl contains an -NH- moiety, that nitrogen may be optionally substituted by one or more R 22 ;
• R 13 is carboxy, sulpho, sulphino, phosphono, -P(O)(OR c )(OR d ), -P(O)(OH)(OR c ), -P(O)(OH)(R c ) or -P(O)(OR c )(R d ) wherein R c and R d are independently selected from C M alkyl; m is 1-3; wherein the values of R 8 and R 9 may be the same or different; n is 1-3; wherein the values of R n may be the same or different; p is 1-3; wherein the values of R 12 may be the same or different;
• R 14 and R 16 are independently selected from halo, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, amino, carboxy, carbamoyl, mercapto, sulphamoyl, C 1-4 alkyl, C 2 . 4 alkenyl, C 2.4 alkynyl, C ⁇ alkoxy, C M alkanoyl, C 1 . 4 alkanoyloxy, N-(C M alkyl)amino, N,N-(C M alkyl) 2 amino, C,. 4 alkanoylamino, N-(C 1- alky ⁇ )carbamoyl, NN-(C 1 . 4 alkyl) 2 carbamoyl, C ! .
• R 14 and R 16 may be independently optionally substituted on carbon by one or more R 18 ;
• R 1S and R 17 are independently selected from halo, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, amino, carboxy, carbamoyl, mercapto, sulphamoyl, C M alkyl, C 2 . 4 alkenyl, C 2 . 4 alkynyl, C M alkoxy, C,.
• R 18 , R 19 and R 25 are independently selected from halo, hydroxy, cyano, carbamoyl, ureido, amino, nitro, carboxy, carbamoyl, mercapto, sulphamoyl, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, vinyl, allyl, ethynyl, methoxycarbonyl, formyl, acetyl, formamido, acetylamino, acetoxy, methylamino, dimethylamino, N-methylcarbamoyl, NN-dimethylcarbamoyl, methylthio, methylsulphinyl, esyl, N-methylsulphamoyl and N,N-dimethylsulphamoyl;
• R 20 , R 21 , R 22 , R 23 and R 26 are independently C,. 4 alkyl, C M alkanoyl, C l alkylsulphonyl, sulphamoyl, N-(C,. 4 alkyl)sulphamoyl, NN-(C 1 . 4 alkyl) 2 sulphamoyl, C 1 . 4 alkoxycarbonyl, carbamoyl, N-(C 1 . 4 alkyl)carbamoyl, N,N-(C 1 . 4 alkyl) 2 carbamoyl, benzyl, phenethyl, benzoyl, phenylsulphonyl and phenyl;
• R 24 is selected from halo, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, amino, carboxy, carbamoyl, mercapto, sulphamoyl, C M alkyl, C 2 . 4 alkenyl, C 2 . 4 alkynyl, C M alkoxy, C ⁇ . 4 alkanoyl, C ⁇ alkanoyloxy, N-(C M alkyl)amino, NN-(C 1 . 4 alkyl) 2 amino, C M alkanoylamino, N-(C,. 4 alkyl)carbamoyl, N,N-(C 1 . 4 alkyl) 2 carbamoyl, C 1 .
• alkyl includes both straight and branched chain alkyl groups but references to individual alkyl groups such as “propyl” are specific for the straight chain version only.
• C,. 6 alkyl includes C M alkyl, C 1 . 3 alkyl, propyl, isopropyl and t-butyl.
• references to individual alkyl groups such as 'propyl' are specific for the straight chained version only and references to individual branched chain alkyl groups such as 'isopropyl' are specific for the branched chain version only.
• phenylC ⁇ _ 6 alky ⁇ would include phenylC j ⁇ alkyl, benzyl, 1-phenylethyl and 2-phenylethyl.
• halo refers to fluoro, chloro, bromo and iodo.
• a "saturated cyclic group” is a totally or partially saturated, mono or bicyclic ring containing 3-12 atoms of which 0-4 atoms are chosen from nitrogen, sulphur or oxygen, which may, unless otherwise specified, be carbon or nitrogen linked.
• saturated cyclic group refers to a totally saturated, monocyclic ring containing 5 or 6 atoms or a totally saturated bicyclic ring containing 9 or 10 atoms of which 0-4 atoms are chosen from nitrogen, sulphur or oxygen, which may, unless otherwise specified, be carbon or nitrogen linked.
• saturated cyclic group examples and suitable values of the term “saturated cyclic group” are cyclohexyl, cyclopropyl, pyrrolidinyl, morpholino and piperidyl.
• saturated cyclic group is cyclohexyl.
• a “heterocyclyl” is a saturated, partially saturated or unsaturated, mono or bicyclic ring containing 3-12 atoms of which at least one atom is chosen from nitrogen, sulphur or oxygen, which may, unless otherwise specified, be carbon or nitrogen linked, wherein a -CH 2 - group can optionally be replaced by a -C(O)- or a ring sulphur atom may be optionally oxidised to form the S-oxides.
• a “heterocyclyl” is a saturated, partially saturated or unsaturated, mono or bicyclic ring containing 5 or 6 atoms of which at least one atom is chosen from nitrogen, sulphur or oxygen, which may, unless otherwise specified, be carbon or nitrogen linked, wherein a -CH 2 - group can optionally be replaced by a -C(O)- or a ring sulphur atom may be optionally oxidised to form S-oxide(s).
• heterocyclyl examples and suitable values of the term "heterocyclyl” are thiazolidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolinyl, 2-pyrrolidonyl, 2,5-dioxopyrrolidinyl, 2-benzoxazolinonyl, 1,1-dioxotetrahydrothienyl, 2,4-dioxoimidazolidinyl, 2-oxo-l,3,4-(4-triazolinyl), 2-oxazolidinonyl, 5,6-dihydrouracilyl, 1,3-benzodioxolyl, 1,2,4-oxadiazolyl, 2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl, 4-thiazolidonyl, morpholino, 2-oxotefrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, benzothienyl, tetrahydro
• a “carbocyclyl” is a saturated, partially saturated or unsaturated, mono or bicyclic carbon ring that contains 3-12 atoms; wherein a -CH 2 - group can optionally be replaced by a -C(O)-.
• Preferably "carbocyclyl” is a monocyclic ring containing 5 or 6 atoms or a bicyclic ring containing 9 or 10 atoms.
• Suitable values for "carbocyclyl” include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, 1-oxocyclopentyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, tetralinyl, indanyl or 1-oxoindanyl.
• Particularly “carbocyclyl” is cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, 1-oxocyclopentyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, phenyl or 1-oxoindanyl.
• C ⁇ alkanoyloxy is acetoxy.
• C 1 . 4 alkoxycarbonyl include methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, n- and t-butoxycarbonyl. Examples of
• ⁇ alkoxy include methoxy, ethoxy andpropoxy.
• C M alkanoylamino include formamido, acetamido and propionylamino.
• C 1-4 alkylS(O) a wherein a is 0 to 2 include methylthio, ethylthio, methylsulphinyl, ethylsulphinyl, mesyl and ethylsulphonyl.
• Examples of "C j ⁇ alkylsulphanyl” are methyl thio and ethylthio.
• Examples of “C 1 . 4 alkanoyl” include C,.
• Examples of "N-C 1 . 4 alkylamino” include methylamino and ethylamino.
• Examples of "NN-(C 1 . 4 alkyl) 2 amino” include di-N-methylamino, di-(N-ethyl)amino and N-ethyl-N-methylamino.
• Examples of "C 2 . 4 alkenyl” are vinyl, allyl and 1-propenyl.
• Examples of “C 2 . 4 alkynyl” are ethynyl, 1-propynyl and 2-propynyl. Examples of "N-(C 1 .
• N-(C ⁇ . 3 alkyl)sulphamoyl are N-(C ⁇ . 3 alkyl)sulphamoyl, N-(methyl)sulphamoyl and N-(ethyl)sulphamoyl.
• N-(C 1 . 4 alkyl) 2 sulphamoyl are N,N-(dimethyl)sulphamoyl and N-(methyl)-N-(ethyl)sulphamoyl.
• N-(C [ . 4 alkyl)carbamoyl are methylaminocarbonyl and ethylaminocarbonyl.
• a suitable pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a compound of the invention is, for example, an acid-addition salt of a compound of the invention which is sufficiently basic, for example, an acid-addition salt with, for example, an inorganic or organic acid, for example hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulphuric, phosphoric, trifluoroacetic, citric or maleic acid.
• a suitable pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a compound of the invention which is sufficiently acidic is an alkali metal salt, for example a sodium or potassium salt, an alkaline earth metal salt, for example a calcium or magnesium salt, an ammonium salt or a salt with an organic base which affords a physiologically-acceptable cation, for example a salt with methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, piperidine, morpholine or tris-(2-hydroxyethyl)amine.
• an alkali metal salt for example a sodium or potassium salt
• an alkaline earth metal salt for example a calcium or magnesium salt
• an ammonium salt or a salt with an organic base which affords a physiologically-acceptable cation
• a salt with methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, piperidine, morpholine or tris-(2-hydroxyethyl)amine for example a salt with methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, piperidine, morpholine or tris-(2-hydroxye
• the compounds of the formula (I) may be administered in the form of a pro-drug which is broken down in the human or animal body to give a compound of the formula (I).
• pro-drugs include in vivo hydrolysable esters and in vivo hydrolysable amides of a compound of the formula (I).
• An in vivo hydrolysable ester of a compound of the formula (I) containing carboxy or hydroxy group is, for example, a pharmaceutically acceptable ester which is hydrolysed in the human or animal body to produce the parent acid or alcohol.
• Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable esters for carboxy include C L galkoxymethyl esters for example methoxymethyl, C ⁇ alkanoyloxymethyl esters for example pivaloyloxymethyl, phthalidyl esters, C 3 . 8 cycloalkoxycarbonyloxyC ⁇ .
• alkyl esters for example 1-cyclohexylcarbonyloxyethyl
• l,3-dioxolen-2-onylmethyl esters for example 5-methyl-l,3-dioxolen-2-onylmethyl
• C ⁇ alkoxycarbonyloxyethyl esters for example 1-methoxycarbonyloxyethyl and may be formed at any carboxy group in the compounds of this invention.
• An in vivo hydrolysable ester of a compound of the formula (I) containing a hydroxy group includes inorganic esters such as phosphate esters and ⁇ -acyloxyalkyl ethers and related compounds which as a result of the in vivo hydrolysis of the ester breakdown to give the parent hydroxy group.
• inorganic esters such as phosphate esters and ⁇ -acyloxyalkyl ethers and related compounds which as a result of the in vivo hydrolysis of the ester breakdown to give the parent hydroxy group.
• ⁇ -acyloxyalkyl ethers include acetoxymethoxy and 2,2-dimethylpropionyloxy-methoxy.
• a selection of in vivo hydrolysable ester forming groups for hydroxy include alkanoyl, benzoyl, phenylacetyl and substituted benzoyl and phenylacetyl, alkoxycarbonyl (to give alkyl carbonate esters), dialkylcarbamoyl and N-(dialkylaminoethyl)-N-alkylcarbamoyl (to give carbamates), dialkylaminoacetyl and carboxyacetyl.
• substituents on benzoyl include morpholino and piperazino linked from a ring nitrogen atom via a methylene group to the 3- or 4- position of the benzoyl ring.
• a suitable value for an in vivo hydrolysable amide of a compound of the formula (I) containing a carboxy group is, for example, a N- .galkyl or NN-di-C ⁇ alkyl amide such as N-methyl, N-ethyl, N-propyl, NN-dimethyl, N-ethyl-N-methyl or NN-diethyl amide.
• Some compounds of the formula (I) may have chiral centres and/or geometric isomeric centres (E- and Z- isomers), and it is to be understood that the invention encompasses all such optical, diastereoisomers and geometric isomers that possess IBAT inhibitory activity.
• the invention relates to any and all tautomeric forms of the compounds of the formula (I) that possess IBAT inhibitory activity. It is also to be understood that certain compounds of the formula (I) can exist in solvated as well as unsolvated forms such as, for example, hydrated forms. It is to be understood that the invention encompasses all such solvated forms which possess IBAT inhibitory activity.
• R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from C h al y!; one of R 4 and R 5 is a group of formula (IA):
• R 3 and R 6 and the other of R 4 and R s are independently selected from hydrogen, halo, nitro, cyano, hydroxy, amino, carboxy, carbamoyl, mercapto, sulphamoyl, C 1 . 4 alkyl (optionally substituted by halo), C 2 . 4 alkenyl, C 2 . 4 alkynyl, C M alkoxy (optionally substituted by halo), C M alkanoyl, C 1 . 4 alkanoyloxy, N-(C,. 4 alkyl)amino, NN-(C 1 .
• R 7 is carboxy, sulpho, phosphono, -P(O)(OR a )(OR b ) or P(O)(OH)(OR c ) wherein R a , R b and R c are independently selected from C 1-6 alkyl;
• R 8 is hydrogen or C M alkyl optionally substituted by one or more hydroxy, carboxy, sulpho, amino, amidino, phosphono, C M alkoxy, C M alkylS(O) a wherein a is 0 to 2, - P(O)(OR d )(OR e ) or -P(O)(OH)(OR f ) wherein R d , R e and R f are independently selected from C,. 6 alkyl; m is 1-3; n is 1-3; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof.
• R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , m and n are as follows. Such values may be used where appropriate with any of the definitions, claims or embodiments defined hereinbefore or hereinafter.
• R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from C 1 . 4 alkyl.
• R 1 and R 2 are ethyl, propyl or butyl and the other is butyl.
• R 1 and R 2 are ethyl and the other is butyl.
• R 1 and R 2 are ethyl or butyl and the other is butyl.
• R 1 and R 2 are both butyl.
• R 3 is hydrogen
• R 4 is a group of formula (IA).
• R 5 is a group of formula (IA).
• R 5 is hydrogen, halo, hydroxy,
• R 5 is hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, hydroxy, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, trifluoromethoxy or difluoromethoxy.
• R 4 is a group of formula (IA)
• R 5 is hydrogen, hydroxy or methoxy.
• R 4 is a group of formula (IA)
• R 5 is hydrogen.
• R 4 is hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, amino, C M alkyl (optionally substituted by halo), C M alkoxy (optionally substituted by halo), N-(C M alkyl)amino or NN-(C M alkyl) 2 amino.
• R 4 is hydrogen, fluoro, chloro, bromo, hydroxy, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, trifluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, amino, methylamino, ethylamino, isopropylamino, butylamino, dimethylamino or diethylamino.
• R 4 is hydrogen, chloro, bromo, hydroxy, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, amino, methylamino, ethylamino, dimethylamino or diethylamino.
• R 4 is bromo.
• R 4 is halo, C, .4 alkoxy or C 1-4 alkylsulphanyl.
• R 4 is bromo, methoxy or methylthio.
• R 4 is methylthio, ethylthio and isopropylthio.
• R 4 is methylthio.
• R 6 is hydrogen.
• R 7 is carboxy, sulpho, phosphono or P(O)(OH)(OR c ) wherein R c is C 1-4 alkyl.
• R 7 is carboxy or sulpho.
• R 7 is carboxy, sulpho or a group of formula (IB).
• R 7 is phosphono or P(O)(OH)(OR c ) wherein R c is C M alkyl.
• R 7 is carboxy
• R 7 is sulpho.
• R 8 is hydrogen or C ⁇ . 6 alkyl substituted by carboxy.
• R 8 is hydrogen or C M alkyl substituted by carboxy.
• R 8 is hydrogen or 2-carboxyethyl. More particularly R 8 is hydrogen.
• m is 1.
• n 2
• n is 1.
• n is 2.
• n 3
• R 7 is carboxy, sulpho, phosphono or P(O)(OH)(OR c ) wherein R c is C M alkyl, R 8 is hydrogen or C ⁇ aUcyl substituted by carboxy, m is 1-3 and n is 1.
• R 7 is carboxy, sulpho, phosphono or P(O)(OH)(OR c ) wherein R c is C M alkyl, R 8 is hydrogen, m is 1-3 and n is 1.
• R 7 is carboxy or sulpho
• R 8 is hydrogen
• m is 1-2 and n is 1.
• R 7 is carboxy or sulpho
• R 8 is hydrogen or C h alk ! substituted by carboxy
• m is 1-3 and n is 1.
• R 7 is carboxy or sulpho
• R 8 is hydrogen or 2-carboxyethyl
• m is 1-3 and n is 1.
• group of formula (IA) is N-(carboxymethyl)carbamoylmethoxy, N-[l- (carboxyethyl)- 1 -(carboxy)methyl]carbamoylmethoxy, N-(2-sulphoethyl)carbamoylmethoxy orN-(3-sulphopropyl)carbamoylmethoxy.
• group of formula (IA) is N-(carboxymethyl)carbamoylmethoxy orN-(2-sulphoethyl)carbamoylmethoxy.
• the group of formula (IA) is N- (carboxymethyl)carbamoylmethoxy, N-(2-sulphoethyl)carbamoylmethoxy, N-(l,3- dicarboxypropyl)carbamoylmethoxy, N-(3-sulphopropyl)carbamoylmethoxy, N-[N-(2- sulphoethyl)carbamoylmethyl]carbamoylmethoxy, N-[ 1 -carboxy-2-(4- hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]carbamoylmethoxy, N-(l-carboxy-2-phenylethyl)carbamoylmethoxy, N- ( 1 -carboxy-3 -methylbutyl)carbamoylmethoxy, N-( 1 -carboxy-2-indol-3 - ylethyl)carb
• R 8 and R 9 together form C 2 . 6 alkylene; wherein R 8 and R 9 or R 8 and R 9 together may be independently optionally substituted on carbon by one or more substituents selected from R 15 ; wherein
• R 15 is selected from hydroxy, carboxy, C,. 4 alkoxy, C,. 4 alkylS(O) a wherein a is 0, carbocyclyl and heterocyclyl; wherein R 15 may be optionally substituted on carbon by one or more R 19 ; and wherein if said heterocyclyl contains an - ⁇ H- moiety, that nitrogen may be optionally substituted by one or more R 23 ; R 19 is hydroxy; and R 23 is C 1-4 alkyl.
• R 8 and R 9 are independently hydrogen, ⁇ alkyl or a cyclohexyl, or R 8 and R 9 together form C 2 . 6 alkylene; wherein R 8 and R 9 or R 8 and R 9 together may be independently optionally substituted on carbon by one or more substituents selected from R 15 ; wherein
• R 15 is selected from hydroxy, carboxy, C M alkoxy, C ! . 4 alkylS(O) a wherein a is 0, phenyl, pyridyl, imidazolyl and indolyl; wherein R 15 may be optionally substituted on carbon by one or more R 19 ; and wherein said imidazolyl and indolyl may be optionally substituted on nitrogen by one or more R 23 ; R 19 is hydroxy; and R 23 is C 1-4 alkyl.
• R 8 and R 9 are independently hydrogen,
• R 8 is selected from hydrogen, 2- carboxyethyl, 4-hydroxybenzyl, benzyl, isobutyl, indol-3-ylmethyl, pyrid-3-ylmethyl, methyl, hydroxymethyl, cyclohexylmethyl, isopropyl, imidazol-4-ylmethyl, 1- methylimidazol-4-ylmethyl, 1-t-butoxyethyl, 2-methylthioethyl, sec-butyl, 1 -hydroxy ethyl or cyclohexyl; R 9 is selected from hydrogen or methyl; or R 8 and R 9 together form cyclopropyl.
• R 10 is hydrogen or C M alkyl; wherein R 10 is optionally substituted on carbon by one or more substituents selected from R 24 ; wherein R 24 is carbocyclyl.
• R 10 is hydrogen or benzyl.
• R 10 is hydrogen
• R 10 is benzyl
• R 11 is hydrogen or C M alkyl. More preferably R n is hydrogen or methyl.
• R 11 is hydrogen
• R 11 is methyl
• R 12 is hydrogen
• R 13 is carboxy or sulpho. In one aspect of the invention, more preferably R 13 is carboxy.
• R 13 is sulpho
• p is 1.
• p is 2; wherein the values of R 12 may be the same or different. In a further aspect of the invention preferably p is 3; wherein the values of R 12 may be the same or different.
• R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from C M alkyl; R 3 is hydrogen;
• R 4 is a group of formula (IA) and R 5 is hydrogen, or R 5 is a group of formula (IA) and R 4 is halo;
• R 6 is hydrogen; and in the group of formula (IA), R 7 is carboxy or sulpho, R 8 is hydrogen or C h alky! substituted by carboxy, m is 1-3 and n is 1 ; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof. Therefore in an additional aspect of the invention, there is provided a compound of formula (I) as depicted above wherein: one of R 1 and R 2 is ethyl and the other is butyl;
• R 3 is hydrogen
• R 4 is a group of formula (I A) and R 5 is hydrogen, or R 5 is a group of formula (IA) and R 4 is bromo;
• R 6 is hydrogen; and the group of formula (IA) is N-(carboxymethyl)carbamoylmethoxy, N-[l- (carboxyethyl)-l-(carboxy)methyl]carbamoylmethoxy, N-(2-sulphoethyl)carbamoylmethoxy or N-(3 -sulphopropyl)carbamoylmethoxy ; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof.
• R 3 is hydrogen;
• R 4 is selected from bromo, methoxy or methylthio;
• R 5 is a group of formula (IA);
• R 6 is hydrogen; and the group of formula (IA) is N-(carboxymethyl)carbamoylmethoxy, N-(2- sulphoethyl)carbamoylmethoxy, N-(l ,3-dicarboxypropyl)carbamoylmethoxy, N-(3- sulphopropyl)carbamoylmethoxy, N-[N-(2-sulphoethyl)carbamoylmethyl]carbamoylmethoxy, N-[l-carboxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]carbamoylmethoxy, N-(l-carboxy-2- phenylethyl)carbamoylmethoxy, N-(l -carboxy-3-methylbutyl)carbamoylmethoxy, N-(l - carboxy-2-indol-3-ylethyl)carbamoylme
• preferred compounds of the invention are any one of Examples or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof.
• Another aspect of the present invention provides a process for preparing a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof which process (wherein variable groups are, unless otherwise specified, as defined in formula (I)) comprises of:
• L is a displaceable group, suitable values for L are for example, a halogeno or sulphonyloxy group, for example a chloro, bromo, methanesulphonyloxy or toluene-4-sulphonyloxy group.
• Benzothiazepines of formula (II) may be oxidised under standard sulphur oxidation conditions; for example using hydrogen peroxide and trifluoroacetic acid at a temperature in the range of 0°C to reflux, preferably at or near room temperature.
• Alcohols of formula (Ilia) or (Illb) may be reacted with compounds of formula (IV) in the presence of a base for example an inorganic base such as sodium carbonate, or an organic base such as Hunigs base, in the presence of a suitable solvent such as acetonitrile, dichloromethane or tetrahydrofuran at a temperature in the range of 0°C to reflux, preferably at or near reflux.
• a base for example an inorganic base such as sodium carbonate, or an organic base such as Hunigs base
• a suitable solvent such as acetonitrile, dichloromethane or tetrahydrofuran at a temperature in the range of 0°C to reflux, preferably at or near reflux.
• Compounds of formula (Ilia) or (Illb) may be prepared in a similar manner to compounds of formula (II) (but wherein R 4 or R s is hydroxy) followed by the oxidation step of Process 1.
• Acids of formula (Va) or (Vb) and amines of formula (VI) and acids of formula (Vila) or (VHb) and amines of formula (IX) may be coupled together in the presence of a suitable coupling reagent.
• Standard peptide coupling reagents known in the art can be employed as suitable coupling reagents, or for example carbonyldiimidazole and0 dicyclohexyl-carbodiimide, optionally in the presence of a catalyst such as - dimethylaminopyridine or 4-pyrrolidinopyridine, optionally in the presence of a base for example triethylamine, pyridine, or 2,6-di-a//cy/-pyridines such as 2,6-lutidine or 2,6-di-tert-butylpyridine.
• Suitable solvents include dimethylacetamide, dichloromethane, benzene, tetrahydrofuran and dimethylformamide.
• the coupling reaction may conveniently be 5 performed at a temperature in the range of -40 to 40°C.
• Suitable activated acid derivatives include acid halides, for example acid chlorides, and active esters, for example pentafluorophenyl esters.
• the reaction of these types of compounds with amines is well known in the art, for example they may be reacted in the presence of a base, such as those described above, and in a suitable solvent, such as those0 described above.
• the reaction may conveniently be performed at a temperature in the range of -40 to 40°C.
• aromatic substitution reactions include the introduction of a nitro group using concentrated nitric acid, the introduction of an acyl group using, for example, an acyl halide and Lewis acid (such as aluminium trichloride) under Friedel Crafts conditions; the introduction of an alkyl group using an alkyl halide and Lewis acid (such as aluminium trichloride) under Friedel Crafts conditions; and the introduction of a halogeno group.
• modifications include the reduction of a nitro group to an amino group by for example, catalytic hydrogenation with a nickel catalyst or treatment with iron in the presence of hydrochloric acid with heating; oxidation of alkylthio to alkylsulphinyl or alkylsulphonyl.
• a suitable protecting group for an amino or alkylamino group is, for example, an acyl group, for example an alkanoyl group such as acetyl, an alkoxycarbonyl group, for example a methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl or t-butoxycarbonyl group, an arylmethoxycarbonyl group, for example benzyloxycarbonyl, or an aroyl group, for example benzoyl.
• the deprotection conditions for the above protecting groups necessarily vary with the choice of protecting group.
• an acyl group such as an alkanoyl or alkoxycarbonyl group or an aroyl group may be removed for example, by hydrolysis with a suitable base such as an alkali metal hydroxide, for example lithium or sodium hydroxide.
• a suitable base such as an alkali metal hydroxide, for example lithium or sodium hydroxide.
• an acyl group such as a t-butoxycarbonyl group may be removed, for example, by treatment with a suitable acid as hydrochloric, sulphuric or phosphoric acid or trifluoroacetic acid and an arylmethoxycarbonyl group such as a benzyloxycarbonyl group may be removed, for example, by hydrogenation over a catalyst such as palladium-on-carbon, or by treatment with a Lewis acid for example boron tris(trifluoroacetate).
• a suitable alternative protecting group for a primary amino group is, for example, a phthaloyl group which may be removed by treatment with an alkylamine, for example dimethylaminopropylamine, or with hydrazine.
• a suitable protecting group for a hydroxy group is, for example, an acyl group, for example an alkanoyl group such as acetyl, an aroyl group, for example benzoyl, or an arylmethyl group, for example benzyl.
• the deprotection conditions for the above protecting groups will necessarily vary with the choice of protecting group.
• an acyl group such as an alkanoyl or an aroyl group may be removed, for example, by hydrolysis with a suitable base such as an alkali metal hydroxide, for example lithium or sodium hydroxide.
• a suitable base such as an alkali metal hydroxide, for example lithium or sodium hydroxide.
• an arylmethyl group such as a benzyl group may be removed, for example, by hydrogenation over a catalyst such as palladium-on-carbon.
• a suitable protecting group for a carboxy group is, for example, an esterifying group, for example a methyl or an ethyl group which may be removed, for example, by hydrolysis with a base such as sodium hydroxide, or for example a t-butyl group which may be removed, for example, by treatment with an acid, for example an organic acid such as trifluoroacetic acid, or for example a benzyl group which may be removed, for example, by hydrogenation over a catalyst such as palladium-on-carbon.
• a base such as sodium hydroxide
• a t-butyl group which may be removed, for example, by treatment with an acid, for example an organic acid such as trifluoroacetic acid, or for example a benzyl group which may be removed, for example, by hydrogenation over a catalyst such as palladium-on-carbon.
• the protecting groups may be removed at any convenient stage in the synthesis using conventional techniques well known in the chemical art.
• the compounds defined in the present invention possess IBAT inhibitory activity. These properties may be assessed, for example, using an in vitro test assay for studying the effect on bile acid uptake in IBAT-transfected cells (Smith L., Price- Jones M. J., Hugnes K. T. and Jones N. R. A.; J Biomolecular Screening, 3, 227-230) or in vivo by studying the effect on radiolabelled bile acid absorption in mice/rats (Lewis M. C, Brieaddy L. E. and Root C, J., J Lip Res 1995, 36, 1098-1105). In the in vitro test assay described in the above reference the compound of Example 9 had an IC 50 of 2.1 ⁇ M.
• a pharmaceutical composition which comprises a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, as defined hereinbefore in association with a pharmaceutically-acceptable diluent or carrier.
• the composition may be in a form suitable for oral administration, for example as a tablet or capsule, for parenteral injection (including intravenous, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravascular or infusion) as a sterile solution, suspension or emulsion, for topical administration as an ointment or cream or for rectal administration as a suppository.
• parenteral injection including intravenous, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravascular or infusion
• a sterile solution, suspension or emulsion for topical administration as an ointment or cream or for rectal administration as a suppository.
• the above compositions may be prepared in a conventional manner using conventional excipients.
• the compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, will normally be administered to a warm-blooded animal at a unit dose within the range 5-5000 mg per square meter body area of the animal, i.e. approximately 0.1-100 mg/kg, and this normally provides a therapeutically-effective dose.
• a unit dose form such as a tablet or capsule will usually contain, for example 1-250 mg of active ingredient.
• Preferably a daily dose in the range of 1-50 mg/kg is employed. However the daily dose will necessarily be varied depending upon the host treated, the particular route of administration, and the severity of the illness being treated. Accordingly the optimum dosage may be determined by the practitioner who is treating any particular patient.
• the compounds defined in the present invention are effective IBAT inhibitors, and accordingly have value in the treatment of disease states associated with hyperlipidaemic conditions.
• a compound of the formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, as defined hereinbefore for use as a medicament According to another feature of the invention there is provided the use of a compound of the formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, as defined hereinbefore in the manufacture of a medicament for use in the production of an IBAT inhibitory effect in a warm-blooded animal, such as man.
• a method for producing an IBAT inhibitory effect in a warm-blooded animal, such as man, in need of such treatment which comprises administering to said animal an effective amount of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof.
• the size of the dose required for the therapeutic or prophylactic treatment will necessarily be varied depending on the host treated, the route of administration and the severity of the illness being treated.
• a unit dose in the range, for example, 1-100 mg/kg, preferably 1-50 mg/kg is envisaged.
• the IB AT inhibitory activity defined hereinbefore may be applied as a sole therapy or may involve, in addition to a compound of the invention, one or more other substances and/or treatments. Such conjoint treatment may be achieved by way of the simultaneous, sequential or separate administration of the individual components of the treatment.
• a pharmaceutical product comprising a compound of the formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, as defined hereinbefore and an additional IBAT inhibitory substance as defined hereinbefore and an additional hypolipidaemic agent for the conjoint treatment of hyperlipidaemia.
• the compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof may be administered in association with an HMG Co-A reductase inhibitor, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, solvates of such salts or prodrugs thereof.
• Suitable HMG Co-A reductase inhibitors, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, solvates of such salts or prodrugs thereof are statins well known in the art.
• Particular statins are fluvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin, atorvastatin, cerivastatin, bervastatin, dalvastatinmevastatin and (E)-7-[4-(4- fluorophenyl)-6-isopropyl-2-[methyl(methylsulphonyl)amino]pyrimidin-5-yl](3R,5S)-3,5- dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof.
• a particular statin is atorvastatin, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof.
• a further particular statin is (E)-7-[4- (4-fluorophenyl)-6-isopropyl-2-[methyl(methylsulphonyl)amino]pyrimidin-5-yl](3R,5S)-3,5- dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof.
• the compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof may be administered in association with an HMG Co-A reductase inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, and/or a bile acid binder thereby avoiding a possible risk of excess of bile acids in colon caused by the inhibition of the ileal bile acid transport system. An excess of bile acids in the visceral contents may cause diarrhoea.
• the present invention also provides a treatment of a possible side effect such as diarrhoea in patients during therapy comprising the compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof.
• a possible side effect such as diarrhoea in patients during therapy
• An HMG CoA-reductase inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof will by its action decrease the endogenous cholesterol available for the bile acid synthesis and have an additive effect in combination with the compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof on lipid lowering.
• Suitable bile acid binders for such a combination therapy are resins, such as cholestyramine and cholestipol.
• One advantage is that the dose of bile acid binder might be kept lower than the therapeutic dose for treatment of cholesterolaemia in single treatment comprising solely a bile acid binder. By a low dose of bile acid binder any possible side effects caused by poor tolerance of the patient to the therapeutic dose could also be avoided.
• a method for producing an IBAT inhibitory effect in a warm-blooded animal, such as man, in need of such treatment which comprises administering to said animal an effective amount of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof in simultaneous, sequential or separate administration with an effective amount of an HMG Co-A reductase inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof.
• a method for producing an IBAT inhibitory effect in a warm-blooded animal, such as man, in need of such treatment which comprises administering to said animal an effective amount of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof in simultaneous, sequential or separate administration with a bile acid binder.
• a method for producing an IBAT inhibitory effect in a warm-blooded animal, such as man, in need of such treatment which comprises administering to said animal an effective amount of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof in simultaneous, sequential or separate administration with an effective amount of an HMG Co-A reductase inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, in simultaneous, sequential or separate administration with a bile acid binder.
• a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof in simultaneous, sequential or separate administration with an effective amount of an HMG Co-A reductase inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, in simultaneous, sequential or separate administration with a bile acid binder.
• a method of treating hyperlipidemic conditions in a warm-blooded animal, such as man, in need of such treatment which comprises administering to said animal an effective amount of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof in simultaneous, sequential or separate administration with an effective amount of an HMG Co-A reductase inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof.
• a method of treating hyperlipidemic conditions in a warm-blooded animal, such as man, in need of such treatment which comprises administering to said animal an effective amount of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof in simultaneous, sequential or separate administration with an effective amount of a bile acid binder.
• a method of treating hyperlipidemic conditions in a warm-blooded animal, such as man, in need of such treatment which comprises administering to said animal an effective amount of a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof in simultaneous, sequential or separate administration with an effective amount of an HMG Co-A reductase inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, in simultaneous, sequential or separate administration with a bile acid binder.
• a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof in simultaneous, sequential or separate administration with an effective amount of an HMG Co-A reductase inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, in simultaneous, sequential or separate administration with a bile acid binder.
• a pharmaceutical composition which comprises a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, and an HMG Co-A reductase inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or carrier.
• a pharmaceutical composition which comprises a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, and a bile acid binder, in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or carrier.
• a pharmaceutical composition which comprises a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, and an HMG Co-A reductase inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, and a bile acid binder in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or carrier.
• kits comprising a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, and an HMG Co-A reductase inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof.
• a kit comprising a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, and a bile acid binder.
• kits comprising a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, and an HMG Co-A reductase inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof and a bile acid binder.
• kits comprising: a) a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, in a first unit dosage form; b) an HMG Co-A reductase inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof; in a second unit dosage form; and c) container means for containing said first and second dosage forms.
• a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, in a first unit dosage form
• an HMG Co-A reductase inhibitor or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof
• container means for containing said first and second dosage forms.
• kits comprising: a) a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, in a first unit dosage form; b) a bile acid binder; in a second unit dosage form; and c) container means for containing said first and second dosage forms.
• kits comprising: a) a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, in a first unit dosage form; b) an HMG Co-A reductase inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof; in a second unit dosage form; c) a bile acid binder; in a third unit dosage form; and d) container means for containing said first, second and third dosage forms.
• kits comprising: a) a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, together with a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or carrier, in a first unit dosage form; b) an HMG Co-A reductase inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, in a second unit dosage form; and c) container means for containing said first and second dosage forms.
• kits comprising: a) a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, together with a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or carrier, in a first unit dosage form; b) a bile acid binder, in a second unit dosage form; and c) container means for containing said first and second dosage forms.
• kits comprising: a) a compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, together with a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or carrier, in a first unit dosage form; b) an HMG Co-A reductase inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, in a second unit dosage form; and c) a bile acid binder; in a third unit dosage form; and d) container means for containing said first, second and third dosage forms.
• a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, together with a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or carrier, in a first unit dosage form
• an HMG Co-A reductase inhibitor or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a
• a compound of the formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, and a bile acid binder in the manufacture of a medicament for use in the production of an IBAT inhibitory effect in a warm-blooded animal, such as man.
• a compound of the formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, a bile acid binder in the manufacture of a medicament for use in the treatment of hyperlipidaemic conditions in a warm-blooded animal, such as man.
• a compound of the formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, an HMG Co-A reductase inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, and a bile acid binder in the manufacture of a medicament for use in the treatment of hyperlipidaemic conditions in a warm-blooded animal, such as man.
• a combination treatment comprising the administration of an effective amount of a compound of the formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, optionally together with a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or carrier, with the simultaneous, sequential or separate administration of an effective amount of an HMG Co-A reductase inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, optionally together with a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or carrier to a warm-blooded animal, such as man in need of such therapeutic treatment.
• a combination treatment comprising the administration of an effective amount of a compound of the formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, optionally together with a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or carrier, with the simultaneous, sequential or separate administration of an effective amount of a bile acid binder, optionally together with a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or carrier to a warm- blooded animal, such as man in need of such therapeutic treatment.
• a combination treatment comprising the administration of an effective amount of a compound of the formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, optionally together with a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or carrier, with the simultaneous, sequential or separate administration of an effective amount of an HMG Co-A reductase inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, optionally together with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, with the simultaneous, sequential or separate administration of an effective amount of a bile acid binder, optionally together with a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or carrier to a warm- blooded animal, such as man in need of such therapeutic treatment.
• the compounds of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof are also useful as pharmacological tools in the development and standardisation of in vitro and in vivo test systems for the evaluation of the effects of inhibitors of IBAT in laboratory animals such as cats, dogs, rabbits, monkeys, rats and mice, as part of the search for new therapeutic agents.
• Many of the intermediates described herein are novel and are thus provided as a further feature of the invention.
• a pharmaceutical composition which comprises a compound of formula (Va) or (Vb) and/or a compound of formula (Vila) or (Vllb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof, as defined hereinbefore in association with a pharmaceutically-acceptable diluent or carrier.
• a method for producing an IBAT inhibitory effect in a warm-blooded animal, such as man, in need of such treatment which comprises administering to said animal an effective amount of a compound of formula (Va) or (Vb) and/or a compound of formula (Vila) or (Vllb), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof.
• a compound of formula (Va) or (Vb) and/or a compound of formula (Vila) or (Vllb) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof.
• Example 1 l.l-Dioxo-3-butyl-3-ethyl-5-phenyl-7-[N-(carboxymethyl)carbamoylmethoxy]-2.3.4.5- tetrahydro-1.5-benzothiazepine l,l-Dioxo-3-butyl-3-ethyl-5-phenyl-7-[N-(t-butoxycarbonylmethyl)carbamoyl- methoxy]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-l,5-benzothiazepine (Method 5; 70 mg, 0.13 mmol) was dissolved in DCM (3 ml).
• 1,5-benzothiazepine (Method 2; 70 mg, 0.137 mmol, taurine (20 mg, 0.160 mmol) and DIPEA (100 mg, 0.78 mmol) were added to DMF (2 ml). The mixture was stirred for 15 min at 50°C. TBTU (60 mg, 0.187 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred for 1 h at 50°C.
• the starting materials for the Examples above are either commercially available or are readily prepared by standard methods from known materials.
• the following reactions are an illustration, but not a limitation, of some of the starting materials used in the above reactions.
• CD 3 OD 0.70-0.85 (m, 6H), 0.95-1.25 (m, 4H), 1.35-1.70 (m, 4H), 2.65 (d, 3H), 3.10-3.35 (m, 2H), 3.45-3.95 (m, 2H), 4.70 (q, IH), 6.90-7.35 (m, 6H), 7.45 (s, IH).
• Lithium hydroxide (0.062 g) was added to a solution of l,l-dioxo-3,3-dibutyl-5- phenyl-7-methoxy-8-ethoxycarbonylmethoxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-l,5-benzothiazepine (Method 45; 0.448 g, 0.865 mmol) in THF/H 2 O (2/1, 6 ml). After 1 hour AcOH (0.5 ml) was added and most of the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by HPLC (MeCN) to give the title compound 0.408g (96 %) as a white solid.
• Method 48 l.l-Dioxo-3-butyl-3-ethyl-5-phenyl-7-methoxy-8-carboxymethoxy-2.3.4.5-tetrahydro-1.5- benzothiazepine l,l-Dioxo-3-butyl-3-ethyl-5-phenyl-7-methoxy-8-ethoxycarbonylmethoxy-2,3,4,5- tetrahydro-l,5-benzothiazepine (Method 47; 1.2 g) was dissolved in ethanol (20 ml). Sodium hydroxide (0.5) dissolved in H 2 O (1 ml) was added and the reaction mixture was warmed to
• Example 40 The following illustrate representative pharmaceutical dosage forms containing the compound of formula (I), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, solvate of such a salt or a prodrug thereof (hereafter compound X), for therapeutic or prophylactic use in humans:-
• the above formulations may be obtained by conventional procedures well known in the pharmaceutical art.
• the tablets (a)-(c) may be enteric coated by conventional means, for example to provide a coating of cellulose acetate phthalate.

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