CN1084741C - 具有回肠胆汁酸转运和牛磺胆酸盐摄入抑制剂作用的新的苯并硫杂䓬 - Google Patents
具有回肠胆汁酸转运和牛磺胆酸盐摄入抑制剂作用的新的苯并硫杂䓬 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1084741C CN1084741C CN95195971A CN95195971A CN1084741C CN 1084741 C CN1084741 C CN 1084741C CN 95195971 A CN95195971 A CN 95195971A CN 95195971 A CN95195971 A CN 95195971A CN 1084741 C CN1084741 C CN 1084741C
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- ethyl
- alkyl
- phenyl
- butyl
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- NIGNBCLEMMGDQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiepine Chemical class S1C=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 NIGNBCLEMMGDQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 2
- WBWWGRHZICKQGZ-HZAMXZRMSA-N taurocholic acid Chemical compound C([C@H]1C[C@H]2O)[C@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@@H](CCC(=O)NCCS(O)(=O)=O)C)[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C1 WBWWGRHZICKQGZ-HZAMXZRMSA-N 0.000 title description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title description 10
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- HSINOMROUCMIEA-FGVHQWLLSA-N (2s,4r)-4-[(3r,5s,6r,7r,8s,9s,10s,13r,14s,17r)-6-ethyl-3,7-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]-2-methylpentanoic acid Chemical compound C([C@@]12C)C[C@@H](O)C[C@H]1[C@@H](CC)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)C[C@H](C)C(O)=O)CC[C@H]21 HSINOMROUCMIEA-FGVHQWLLSA-N 0.000 title description 6
- 239000003613 bile acid Substances 0.000 title description 6
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- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
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- 208000031226 Hyperlipidaemia Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 5
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- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004946 alkenylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005078 alkoxycarbonylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005038 alkynylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004181 carboxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000882 C2-C6 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 28
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 abstract description 8
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- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 38
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- -1 methoxyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 28
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- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
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- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 14
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- LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 13
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- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 9
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- LOKCTEFSRHRXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I dipotassium trisodium dihydrogen phosphate hydrogen phosphate dichloride Chemical compound P(=O)(O)(O)[O-].[K+].P(=O)(O)([O-])[O-].[Na+].[Na+].[Cl-].[K+].[Cl-].[Na+] LOKCTEFSRHRXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 8
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D495/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D495/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D495/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D337/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings of more than six members having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D337/02—Seven-membered rings
- C07D337/06—Seven-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D337/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing rings of more than six members having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D337/02—Seven-membered rings
- C07D337/06—Seven-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D337/08—Seven-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems condensed with one six-membered ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D495/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D495/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D495/10—Spiro-condensed systems
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Steroid Compounds (AREA)
- Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Oxygen Or Sulfur (AREA)
- Nitrogen- Or Sulfur-Containing Heterocyclic Ring Compounds With Rings Of Six Or More Members (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及新的苯并硫杂䓬,它们的衍生物和类似物,含有它们的药物组合物及其在医学中的应用,特别是用于预防和治疗哺乳动物的高脂血症,例如与动脉粥样硬化有关的病症,或高胆固醇血症。
Description
本申请是1994年9月12日提交、现在待审批的美国专利申请08/305526的部分继续申请。
发明背景
本发明涉及新的苯并硫杂,它的衍生物和类似物,含有它们的药物组合物以及它们在医学中的应用,特别是用于预防和治疗哺乳动物中的高脂血症,例如与动脉粥样硬化有关的高脂血症,或血胆甾醇过多。
众所周知,与总胆固醇浓度和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度升高相联系的高脂血症是冠心病、尤其是动脉粥样硬化的主要危险因素。已发现干扰肠道腔内胆汁酸的循环会导致血清胆固醇浓度下降。已积累的流行病学资料表明,这种降低能改善动脉粥样硬化的疾病状态。Stedronsky在“胆汁酸和胆固醇与具有降低血胆甾醇性能的非系统性药剂的相互作用”Biochimica et Biophysica Acta(生物化学与生物物理学报),1210(1994)255-287中讨论了与胆汁酸和胆固醇有关的生物化学、生理学及已知的活性药剂。
病理生理学变化显示出与人体内胆汁酸的肠肝循环中断相一致(Heubi,J.E.等)。参见“主要的胆汁酸吸收障碍:不完全的体外回肠活性胆汁酸转运”,Gastroenterology(胃肠病学),1982:83:804-11。
事实上,消胆胺在肠道中与胆汁酸结合,从而干扰了胆汁酸正常的肠肝循环(Reihnér,E.等在“人类肝胆固醇代谢的调节:消胆胺对胆结石患者的HMG-CoA还原酶活性和低密度脂蛋白受体表达的激发作用”,Journal of Lipid Research(类脂研究杂志),
31,1990,2219-2226和Suckling等,“用消胆胺治疗的大田鼠的胆固醇降低和胆汁分泌”,Atherosclerosis(动脉粥样硬化),
89(1991)183-190)。这造成了由肝利用胆固醇合成肝胆汁酸的增多以及肝的低密度脂蛋白(LDL)受体的增量调节,它提高了对胆固醇的清除作用,减少了血清中低密度脂蛋白(LDL)胆固醇含量。
在另一种减少胆汁酸再循环的方法中,回肠胆汁酸转运系统是推定的药物目标,以便在用特定的转送抑制剂打断肠肝循环的基础上治疗血胆甾醇过多(Kramer等,“肠道胆汁酸吸收”The Jounal of BiologicalChemistry(生物化学杂志),
268,No.24,1993年8月25日一期,18035-18046页)。
在一系列专利申请中,例如加拿大专利申请2,025,294、2,078,588、2,085,782、2,085,830及欧洲专利申请0 379 161、0 549967、0 559 064和0 563 731,Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft公开了肠肝循环系统中各种天然存在的组分及其衍生物(包括胆汁酸)的聚合物,它们抑制生理胆汁酸的转运,其目标是象药物一样足够有效地减小LDL胆固醇含量,特别是作为降低血胆固醇药物使用。
在Wellcome基金会公开的WO专利申请WO 93/16055“降低血脂的苯并硫氮杂化合物”中,提到了体外胆汁酸摄取抑制性显示出有降低血脂的作用。
在WO专利申请WO 93/321146中公开了所选的一些苯并硫杂的许多应用,包括用于脂肪酸代谢和冠状血管疾病。
如欧洲专利申请508425、法国专利申请2661676和WO专利申请92/18462中所公开的,其它精选的苯并硫杂已知可作为低血脂和血胆固醇过少药剂使用,尤其是用于治疗或预防动脉粥样硬化,但上述各专利申请均限于一种与苯并硫杂稠合双环中苯环相邻的碳原子键合的酰胺。
以上文献表明了为发现预防和治疗高脂血症的安全有效的药剂和它们作为血胆固醇过少药剂的适用性所作的持续不断的努力。
另有一些选出的苯并硫杂据称可用于各种不在本发明应用范围内的疾病。这些文献是欧洲专利568898A(德温特文摘号93-351589),WO专利89/1477/A(德温特文摘号89-370688),美国专利3,520,891(德温特文摘号50701R-B),美国专利3,287,370、3,389,144、3,694,446(德温特文摘号65860T-B)和WO专利92/18462。
本发明以新的苯并硫杂、它们的药物组合物及其使用方法进一步推动了这一努力。
发明概述
q是从1到4的整数;
n独立地为从O到2的整数;
R1和R2各自独立地为H、C1-10烷基,或者R1和R2合在一起形成C3-C10环烷基,最好R1和R2不都是氢;
R3和R4各自独立地是H、烷基、芳基、OR、NRR’、S(O)nR或者R3与R4一起形成=O、=NOH、=S、=NNRR’、=NR”、=CRR’,其中R、R’和R”选自H、烷基、链烯基烷基、炔基烷基、芳基、羧基烷基、烷氧羰基烷基、环烷基或氰烷基;条件是,R3和R4不能都是OH、NH2和SH;
R5选自烷基、芳基、杂环、OR、NRR’、 S(O)nR,其中烷基、芳基和杂环均可任选地被烷基、链烯基、炔基、卤素、OR、NRR’、S(O)nR、NO2、卤代烷基、羧基、烷氧羰基、CN或N+RR’R”Y-取代,其中R、R’和R”各自独立地定义如上,Y独立地为一个阴离子,条件是,当R1、R2、R3、R4和R6全是氢或者R和R’是氢或C1-C6烷基时,R5不能是OH、NH2、NRR’或N+RR’R”Y-;另一条件是,当R5和R6都是氢或者当R5是氢、R6是羟基时,R1、R2、R3和R4不能全是氢,最好是当R5或R6为NRR’时,R3或R4不是芳基;
R6选自氢,或者R4与R6一起形成-O-,或者R5与R6一起形成一个C3-C10亚环烷基;条件是,当R3是OH、NH2或SH时,或者当R1、R2、R3和R5是氢时,R4和R6不能一起形成-O-;
X选自H、烷基、链烯基、炔基、卤素、OH、NH2、OR、NRR’、NROR’、S(O)nR、NO2、卤代烷基、羧基、烷氧羰基、CN或N+RR’R”Y-,其中R、R’和R”各自独立地定义如上,Y独立地为一个阴离子。
优选的化合物包括其中的R1和R2不都是H的式I化合物;
优选的化合物还包括这样的式I化合物,其中当R5或R6是NRR’时,则R3或R4不是芳基。特别优选R4和R5位于同一平面内。
更优选的化合物是这样的式I化合物,其中R1是丁基、R2是乙基、R3是氢、R4是羟基、R5是苯基、q为0、n为2,X为如下所示的甲氧基,或为羟氨基或氨基,其中R2、R4和R5对于环体系的立体关系相同,该化合物可描述如下:
本发明还涉及一种药物组合物,用于预防或治疗需要胆汁酸摄入抑制剂的疾病或症状,例如高脂血症,特别是动脉粥样硬化,该组合物含有对于抑制胆汁酸摄入或者预防或治疗由此受益的疾病或症状是有效数量的一种式I化合物和一种可药用的载体。
本发明还涉及一种治疗人类的需要胆汁酸摄入抑制剂的疾病或病症的方法,该方法包括单位剂型的一种式I化合物。
本发明还涉及制备式I化合物的方法。
发明详述
除非另外指明,“烷基”、“链烯基”和“炔基”在本发明中均是烷基有1-6个碳原子,链烯基和炔基有2-6个碳原子,因此,它们分别意味着甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基或己基,和乙烯基、丙烯基、丁烯基、戊烯基或己烯基,以及乙炔基、丙炔基、丁炔基、戊炔基或己炔基,及它们的异构体。当这些基团作为母体分子的一个部分时,例如链烯基烷基,这些定义也适用。
“芳基”是苯基或萘基。
其中Z、Z’、Z”或Z是C、S、O或N,条件是,Z、Z’、Z”或Z中有一个不是C,但是当通过双键与另一个Z相连或者与另一个O或S原子相连时,不是O或S。另外,应该明白,Z、Z’、Z”或Z仅仅在各自为C时才有任选的取代基与之连接。
“卤素”或卤代烷基中的卤基是氟、氯、溴或碘基。
可药用的盐特别适合作为医药使用,因为它们比母体有较大的水溶解度。显然这些盐必须有可药用的阴离子或阳离子。本发明化合物的合适的可药用酸加成盐在可能时包括从无机酸(例如盐酸、氢溴酸、磷酸、偏磷酸、硝酸、磺酸和硫酸)和有机酸(例如乙酸、苯磺酸、苯甲酸、柠檬酸、乙磺酸、富马酸、葡糖酸、羟基乙酸、异硫羰酸、乳酸、乳糖酸、马来酸、苹果酸、甲磺酸、丁二酸、甲苯磺酸、酒石酸和三氰乙酸)衍生得到的盐。作为医药使用特别优选氯化物盐。合适的可药用的碱性盐包括铵盐、碱金属盐(如钠盐和钾盐)和碱土金属盐(如镁盐和钙盐)。
本发明中Y的定义中的阴离子当然也要求是可药用的,它也选自上述名单。
“前体药物”是本发明化合物具有生理学功能的衍生物,例如酯,其中该化合物的药理作用来自体内代谢过程的转化。换言之,在对哺乳动物(例如人)用药时的这种生物转化能够提供(直接或间接地)该化合物或其活性代谢物。这些前体药物本身可以有或者没有活性。
式I化合物可以有至少两个不对称的碳原子,因此它包括旋光异构体。本发明包括所有可能的各种立体异构物,无论是纯的形式或是混合物,包括外消旋混合物。异构体可以用常规方法通过对映的起始物起反应或是将式I化合物的各种异构体分离来制备。
异构体可以包括几何异构体,例如当R1含有双键时。所有这些异构体均在本发明考虑范围内。
换言之,非对映异构体、对映异构体、外消旋体和互变异构体都属于本发明考虑的范围。
在本发明的组合物和使用方法中提到的式I化合物意味着包括本申请中定义的它们的盐、溶剂化物和前体药物。
本发明中使用的“胆汁酸摄入抑制剂”,是指对于从哺乳动物(如人)的肠道中吸收胆汁酸的抑制作用,包括增加哺乳动物(例如人)的胆汁酸的粪便排泄,以及降低血浆或血清中胆固醇和胆固醇酯的浓度,更具体地说,降低哺乳动物(例如人)的LDL和VLDL胆固醇。由用抑制胆酸摄入的方式进行预防或治疗中得益的症状或疾病的实例是高脂血症,例如动脉粥样硬化。
在制备本发明化合物中使用的起始物是已知化合物,或者可以用熟练的技术人员了解的常规方法或用工艺中叙述的类似方法制备。
一般说来,式I化合物可以用以下步骤之一制备。
本发明化合物可以按照方案I中所示的途径合成。
按照与Chem.Ber.(化学报告)
98,728-734-(1965)中所述相似的步骤,使醛II与甲醛和氢氧化钠反应得到羟基醛III,再将其用甲磺酰氯和三乙胺转化成甲磺酸酯IV。甲磺酸酯IV与按照WO93/16055中所述步骤制备的苯硫酚V在三乙胺存在下反应,得到酮醛VI,它可以用由锌和三氯化钛在乙二醇二甲醚(DME)中回流制备的试剂环化,当R1和R2不等同时,得到2,3-二氢苯并硫杂VII和苯并硫杂-(5H)-4-酮VIII的两种外消旋立体异构物的混合物。用3当量的间氯过苯甲酸(MCPBA)将VII氧化,得到异构的砜-环氧化物IX,将其用钯/碳作催化剂进行氢化,当R1和R2不等同时,得到四种4-羟基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物X的外消旋立体异构体与2种2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物XI的外消旋立体异构体的混合物。
本发明的旋光化合物可以用旋光性起始物III制备,或者用工艺上众所周知的旋光拆解剂,例如在J.Org.Chem.(有机化学杂志),
39,3904(1974)及同一刊物,
42,2781(1977),
44,4891(1979)中所述,将化合物X拆解得到。方案1
苯并硫杂-(5H)-4-酮VIII可以用间氯过苯甲酸(MCPBA)氧化成苯并硫杂-(5H)-4-酮-1,1-二氧化物XII,随后可用硼氢化钠还原,生成四种X的外消旋立体异构体。X的两种立体异构体Xa和Xb的R5和OH基位于苯并硫杂环的不同边,它们可以通过在二氯甲烷中于相转移催化剂(PTC)存在下与40-50%氢氧化钠反应转化成OH基和R5在苯并硫杂的同一边的X的另两个异构体Xc和Xd。这种转化也可以用叔丁醇钾在四氢呋喃(THF)中进行。当R1=丁基,R2=乙基,R5=Ph,X=H,q=4时,
6a=Xa
6b=Xb
6c=Xc
6d=Xd
R5=OR,NRR′,S(O)nR
得到本发明化合物Xc和Xd的另一途径示于方案2。用2当量的间氯过苯甲酸将化合物VI氧化成化合物XIII。用钯/碳将化合物XIII氢解,生成化合物XIV,它可以用叔丁醇钾或氢氧化钠在相转移条件下环化,形成Xc和Xd的混合物。Xc和Xd的分离可以用高效液相色谱(HPLC)或分级结晶法完成。
本发明中使用的苯硫酚XVIII和V也可以根据方案3制备。将酚XV在非极性溶剂中按照J.Chem.Soc.(英国化学会志),2431-2432(1958)中所述的步骤用芳基氯代甲烷烷基化,得到邻位取代的酚XVI。酚XVI可以按照J.Org.Chem(有机化学杂志),
31,3980(1966)中所述的步骤通过硫代氨基甲酸酯XVII转化成苯硫酚XVIII。酚XVI先与二甲基硫代氨基甲酰氯和三乙胺反应,生成硫代氨基甲酸酯XVII,将它在200-300℃进行加热重排,重排产物用氢氧化钠水解,生成苯硫酚XVIII。类似地,苯硫酚V可以由2-酰基酚XIX通过中间体硫代氨基甲酸酯XX制得。
方案3
方案4说明了由苯硫酚XVIII出发得到苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物Xc和Xd的另一途径。化合物XVIII可以与甲磺酸酯IV反应,生成硫醚-醛XXI。用两当量的MCPBA将XXI氧化,生成砜醛XIV,它可以用叔丁醇钾环化,生成Xc和Xd的混合物。硫醚醛用叔丁醇钾环化也生成苯并硫杂XXIIc和XXIId的混合物。
含胺和羟基胺的本发明化合物的实例可以如方案5和方案6中所示制备。将2-氯-4-硝基苯酮用三乙基硅烷和三氟甲磺酸还原成2-氯-4-硝基二苯甲烷32。化合物32与硫化锂反应后,生成的硫醚与甲磺酸酯IV反应,生成硫醚醛XXIII。将XXIII用2当量的MCPBA氧化,生成砜醛XXIV,它可以氢化还原,生成羟基胺XXV。将羟基胺XXV用二碳酸二叔丁酯保护,得到N,O-二(叔丁氧羰基)羟氨基衍生物XXVI。将XXVI用叔丁醇钾环化并去掉叔丁氧羰基保护基,得到羟氨基衍生物XXVIIc和XXVIId的混合物。将XXIV或XXVIIc与XXVIId进一步氢化,还可以制得伯胺衍生物XXXIIIc和XXXIIId。
砜醛XXV用氢还原后,生成的氨基衍生物在同一反应器中在钯/碳催化下用氢和醛进行还原性烷基化,得到取代的胺衍生物XXVIII。XXVIII用叔丁醇钾环化,生成本发明的取代的氨基衍生物XXIXc和XXIXd的混合物。
方案6
方案7说明了将取代基引入苯并硫杂5位上的芳香环中的一种方法。5-苯基衍生物XXX在三氟甲磺酸汞的催化下用碘进行碘化作用,生成碘化衍生物XXXI,它在醇中在钯催化下羰基化时,生成羧酸酯XXXII。羧酸酯的水解和所形成酸衍生转化成酸衍生物的方法是工艺上众所周知的。
方案7本发明中使用的缩写代表:THF:四氢呋喃PTC:相转移催化剂Aliquart 33b:氯化甲基三辛酰胺MCPBA:间氯过苯甲酸Celite:一种牌号的硅藻土过滤助剂DMF:二甲基甲酰胺DME:乙二醇二甲醚
BOC:叔丁氧羰基
以下实施例不意味着是对本发明的限制。
实施例制备12-乙基-2-(甲磺酰氧基甲基)己醛(1)
向12.6g(0.11mole)甲磺酰氯和10.3g(0.13mole)三乙胺的冷(10℃)溶液中逐滴加入15.8g根据在Chem.Ber.(化学报告)
98,728-734(1965)中所述步骤制备的2-乙基-2-(羟甲基)己醛,其间保持反应温度低于30℃。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌18小时,用稀盐酸使反应骤停,用二氯甲烷萃取。将二氯甲烷萃取液用MgSO4干燥,减压浓缩,得到24.4g褐色油状物。制备22-(2-苯甲酰苯硫基)甲基)-2-乙基己醛(2)
将按照WO 93/16055中所述步骤制得的31g(0.144mole)2-巯基苯酮、24.4g(0.1mole)2-乙基-2-(甲磺酰氧基甲基)己醛(1)、14.8g(0.146mole)三乙胺和80ml 2-甲氧基乙基醚的混合物保持回流24小时。将反应混合物倒入3N盐酸中,用300ml二氯甲烷萃取。二氯甲烷层用300ml 10%NaOH洗,用MgSO4干燥,减压浓缩以除掉2-甲氧基乙基醚。残余物用HPLC(10%乙酸乙酯-己烷)纯化,得到20.5g(58%)油状的化合物2。实施例13-丁基-3-乙基-5-苯基-2,3-二氢苯并硫杂(3),顺-3-丁基-3-乙基-5-苯基-2,3-二氢苯并硫杂-(5H)4-酮(4a)和反-3-丁基-3-乙基-5-苯基-2,3-二氢苯并硫杂-(5H)4-酮(4b)
将2.6g锌粉(0.04mole)、7.2g(0.047mole)TiCl3和80ml无水的乙二醇二甲醚(DME)的混合物保持回流2小时。将反应混合物冷却至5℃。于40分钟内向反应混合物中逐滴加入3.54g(0.01mole)化合物2在30ml DME中的溶液。在室温下搅拌反应混合物16小时,然后回流2小时,冷却后倒入盐水中。将有机物萃取到二氯甲烷中。二氯甲烷萃取液用MgSO4干燥,减压浓缩。残余物用HPLC纯化(己烷),在第一级分中得到1.7g(43%)油状的化合物3。将第二级分丢弃,第三级分进一步用HPLC(己烷)纯化,由较早流出的级分得到0.07g(2%)化合物4a,较晚级分得到0.1g(3%)化合物4b。实施例2顺-3-丁基-3-乙基-5-苯基-2,3-二氢苯并硫杂-(5H)4-酮-1,1-二氧化物(5a)和反-3-丁基-3-乙基-5-苯基-2,3-二氢苯并硫杂-(5H)4-酮-1,1-二氧化物(5b)
向1.2g(3.5mmole)50-60%MCPBA在20ml二氯甲烷中的溶液里加入在10ml二氯甲烷中的4a与4b的0.59g(1.75mmole)混合物。搅拌反应混合物20小时。补充加入1.2g(1.75mmole)50-60%MAPBA,再搅拌反应混合物3小时,然后用50ml 10%NaOH研制。滤出不溶的固体。滤液中的二氯甲烷层用盐水洗,用MgSO4干燥,减压浓缩。残余的浆状物用HPLC(5%乙酸乙酯-己烷)纯化,第一级分中得到0.2g(30%)油状的5a,第二级分中得到0.17g(26%)油状的5b。实施例3(3α,4α,5β)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(6a),(3α,4β,5α)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢-苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(6b),(3α,4α,5α)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(6c)和(3α,4β,5β)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(6d)A.用硼氢化钠还原5a和5b
向0.22g(0.59mmole)5b在10ml乙醇中的溶液里加入0.24g(6.4mmole)硼氢化钠。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌18小时,减压浓缩,除去乙醇。残余物用水研制,用二氯甲烷萃取。二氯甲烷萃取液用MgSO4干燥,减压浓缩,得到0.2g浆体。在另一实验中,0.45g的5a用0.44g硼氢化钠在10ml乙醇中处理,按上述进行后处理,得到0.5g浆体,它与上面得到的0.2g浆体相同。将此二物合并,用HPLC纯化,使用10%的乙酸乙酯-己烷作为洗脱剂。第一级分是0.18g(27%)浆状的6a。第二级分是0.2g(30%)6b,也是浆状物。随后用20%乙酸乙酯-己烷洗脱柱子,在第三级分中得到0.077g(11%)6c固体。自己烷中重结晶得到固体,熔点179-181℃。最后,用30%的乙酸乙酯、己烷洗脱柱子,在第四级分中得到0.08g(12%)6d固体。自己烷中重结晶得到熔点160-161℃的固体。B.用NaOH和PTC将6a转化成6c和6d
向0.29g(0.78mmole)6a在10ml CH2Cl2中的溶液里加入9g 40%NaOH。在室温下搅拌反应混合物半小时,加入一滴Aliguat-336(氯化甲基三辛酰铵)相转移催化剂(PTC)。混合物在室温下搅拌0.5小时,然后用25ml冰晶体处理,用CH2Cl2(3×10ml)萃取,用MgSO4干燥,减压浓缩,回收到0.17g无色薄膜。将此混合物的各组分用HPLC进行分离,用乙酸乙酯-己烷洗脱,第一级分中得到12.8mg(4%)的2-(2-苄基苯基磺酰甲基)-2-乙基己醛,第二级分中得到30.9mg(11%)6c,第三级分中得到90.0mg(31%)6d。6a氧化成5b
向0.20g(0.52mmole)6a在5ml CH2Cl2中的溶液里加入0.23g(1.0mmole)氯铬酸吡啶鎓。将反应混合物搅拌2小时,随后再加0.23g氯铬酸吡啶鎓并搅拌过夜。将深色的反应混合物倒入装有硅胶的多孔陶瓷滤器中,用CH2Cl2洗脱。将滤液减压浓缩,回收到167mg(87%)无色油状的5b。实施例43-丁基-3-乙基-5-苯基-2,3-二氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(7)
向5.13g(15.9mmole)化合物3在50ml CH2Cl2中的溶液里分批加入10g(31.9mmole)50-60%MCPBA(间氯过苯甲酸),造成温和的回流并形成白色固体。将反应混合物在N2下搅拌过夜,依次用25ml水和50ml 10% NaOH溶液研制。有机物萃取到CH2Cl2(4×20ml)中。将CH2Cl2萃取液用MgSO4干燥,蒸发至干,回收到4.9g(87%)不透明的粘性油状物。实施例5(1aα,2β,8bα)2-丁基-2-乙基-8b-苯基-1a,2,3,8b-四氢苯并硫杂并[4,5-b]环氧乙烯-4,4-二氧化物(8a),(1aα,2α,8bα)2-丁基-2-乙基-8b-苯基-1a,2,3,8b-四氢苯并硫杂并[4,5-b]环氧乙烯-4,4-二氧化物(8b)
向1.3g(4.03mmole)化合物3在25ml CHCl3中的溶液里分批加入5g(14.1mmole)50-60%MCPBA造成温和地放热。将反应混合物在N2气下搅拌过夜,然后回流3小时。将不溶的白色浆体过滤。滤液用10%的碳酸钾萃取(3×50ml),用盐水萃取一次,用MgSO4干燥,减压浓缩,得到1.37g浅黄色油状物。经HPLC纯化,得到0.65g晶体产物。此产物是两种异构体的混合物。将此晶体产物在己烷中研制,回收到141.7mg(10%)白色晶体产物。此异构体经NMR和质谱鉴定为(1aα,2β,8bα)异构体8a。将己烷滤液减压浓缩,得到206mg白色薄膜状物,经1H NMR鉴定为30%8a和70%8b的混合物。实施例6顺-3-丁基-3-乙基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(9a),反-3-丁基-3-乙基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(9b),和3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-5-亚环己基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(10)
将0.15g(0.4mmole)的8a与8b的3∶7混合物溶于装在3盎司Fisher/Porter容器中的15ml甲醇里,然后加入0.1g 10%Pd/C催化剂。将此混合物在70Psi H2下加氢5小时,过滤。将滤液减压蒸发至干,回收到0.117g无色油状物。此物用HPLC纯化,用乙酸乙酯-己烷洗脱。第一级分为4.2mg(3%)9b。第二级分共5.0mg(4%),是9a与9b的50/50混合物。第三级分是8.8mg(6%)6a。第四级分为25.5mg(18%)6b。第五级分为9.6mg(7%)的6b与另一产物的混合物,该产物据质谱鉴定,据信是3-丁基-3-乙基-4,5-二羟基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物。第六级分是7.5mg(5%)的6d与化合物10的一种异构体10a的混合物。
实施例7
在另一实验中,将化合物3用过量MCPBA在空气中于回流的CHCl3内环氧化得到的产物(3.7g)在10ml甲醇中用1g 10%Pd/C催化剂和70Psi的氢进行氢化。产物用HPLC纯化,得到0.9g(25%)9b、0.45g(13%)9a、0.27g(7%)6a、0.51g(14%)6b、0.02g(1%)6c、0.06g(2%)化合物10的一种异构体10a和0.03g(1%)化合物10的另一异构体10b。实施例82-((2-苯甲酰苯硫基)甲基)丁醛(11)
向冰浴冷却的9.76g(0.116mole)2-乙基丙烯醛在40ml无水THF中的溶液里依次加入24.6g(0.116mole)2-巯基苯酮在40ml THF中的溶液和13g(0.128mole)三乙胺。在室温下搅拌反应混合物3天,用乙醚稀释,依次用稀盐酸、盐水和1M碳酸钾洗。醚层用MgSO4干燥,减压浓缩。残余物用HPLC纯化(10%乙酸乙酯-己烷),在第二级分中得到22g(64%)化合物11。用球管蒸馏仪在0.5托(160-190℃)下将此物进一步纯化时,得到的级分(12.2g)含有起始物,说明在蒸馏时发生了逆反应。将此物溶在100ml乙醚中,用50ml 1M碳酸钾洗三次,得到6.0g浆状物,将其用HPLC(10%乙酸乙酯-己烷)纯化,得到5.6g纯的化合物11。实施例93-乙基-5-苯基-2,3-二氢苯并硫杂(12)
向2.61g(0.04mole)锌粉和60ml DME的混合物中加入7.5g(0.048mole)TiCl3。将反应混合物回流2小时。在1小时内逐滴加入2.98g(0.01mole)化合物11。将反应混合物回流18小时,冷却,倒入水中。有机物用乙醚萃取。醚层用盐水洗,经硅藻土过滤。将滤液用MgSO4干燥,浓缩。残余的油状物(2.5g)用HPLC纯化,在第二级分中得到2.06g(77%)化合物12,为油状物。实施例10(1aα,2α,8bα)2-乙基-8b-苯基-1a,2,3,8b-四氢-苯并硫杂并[4,5-b]环氧乙烯-4,4-二氧化物(13)
向1.5g(5.64mmole)化合物12在25ml CHCl3中的溶液里分批加入6.8g(19.4mmole)50-60%MCPB,这造成放热并形成白色的固体。在室温下搅拌混合物过夜,用100ml二氯甲烷稀释,依次用10%K2CO3(4×50ml)、水(2×25ml)和盐水洗。有机层随后用MgSO4干燥,蒸发至干,回收到1.47g灰白色固体。1H NMR鉴定表明只存在一种异构体。将此固体在200ml温热的乙醚中浆化,过滤,得到0.82g(46%)化合物13,为白色固体,熔点l85-186.5℃。实施例11(3α,4β,5α)-3-乙基-4-羟基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(14a),(3α,4β,5β)-3-乙基-4-羟基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(14b),和顺-3-乙基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢-苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(15)
将0.5g(1.6mole)化合物13、50ml乙酸和0.5g 10%Pd/C催化剂的混合物用70psi的氢气加氢4小时。将反应物粗浆体过滤,滤液与150ml饱和的NaHCO3溶液一起搅拌,随后分批加入89g NaHCO3粉以中和剩余的乙酸。混合物用二氯甲烷(4×25ml)萃取,有机层用MgSO4干燥,减压浓缩,得到0.44g(87%)体积庞大的白色固体,将其用HPLC(乙酸乙酯-己烷)纯化,在第一级分中得到26.8mg(6%)化合物15,第二级分中得到272mg(54%)固体的14a,熔点142-143.5℃,第三级分中得到35mg(7%)不纯的14b。实施例122-乙基-2-((2-羟甲基苯基)硫甲基)己醛(16)
将5.0g(0.036mole)2-巯基苯甲醇、6.4g(0.032mole)化合物1、3.6g(0.036mole)三乙胺和25ml 2-甲氧基乙醚的混合物回流7小时。向反应混合物中再加入1.1g巯基苯甲醇和0.72g三乙胺,将混合物再回流16小时。将反应混合物冷却,倒入6N盐酸中,用二氯甲烷萃取。二氯甲烷萃取液用10%NaOH洗两次,用MgSO4干燥,减压浓缩,得到9.6g残余物。用HPLC(20%乙酸乙酯-己烷)纯化,得到3.7g(41%)油状物16。实施例132-乙基-2-((2-甲酰苯基)硫甲基)己醛(17)
将3.7g化合物16、5.6g(0.026mole)氯铬酸吡啶鎓、2g硅藻土和30ml二氯甲烷的混合物搅拌18小时,经硅胶层过滤。硅胶用二氯甲烷洗脱。合并的二氯甲烷洗脱液用HPLC(20%乙酸乙酯-己烷)纯化,得到2.4g(66%)油状物。实施例143-丁基-3-乙基-2,3-二氢苯并硫杂(18)
将2.6g(0.04mole)锌粉、7.2g(0.047mole)TiCl3和50ml DME的混合物回流2小时,冷却到室温。在10分钟内向此混合物中加入2.4g(8.6mmole)化合物17在20ml DME中的溶液。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌2小时,保持回流1小时,然后在室温下放置一个周末。将反应混合物倒入稀盐酸中,与二氯甲烷一起搅拌。将二氯甲烷-水混合物经硅藻土过滤。二氯甲烷层用盐水洗,用MgSO4干燥,减压浓缩,得到3.0g残余物。经HPLC纯化,在较早级分中得到0.41g(20%)油状的化合物18。实施例15(1aα,2α,8bα)2-丁基-2-乙基-1a,2,3,8b-四氢苯并硫杂并[4,5-b]环氧乙烯-4,4-二氧化物(19a)和(1aα,2β,8bα)2-丁基-2-乙基-8b-苯基-1a,2,3,8b-四氢-苯并硫杂并[4,5-b]环氧乙烯-4,4-二氧化物(19b)
向0.4g(1.6mmole)化合物18在30ml二氯甲烷中的溶液里加入2.2g(3.2mmole)50-60%MCPBA。将反应混合物搅拌2小时,减压浓缩。残余物溶在30ml CHCl3中,在N2气下回流18小时。将反应混合物与100ml 10%NaOH和5g亚硫酸钠一起搅拌。二氯甲烷层用盐水洗,用MgSO4干燥,减压浓缩。残余物用HPLC(20%乙酸乙酯-己烷)纯化,得到第三级分,将其用HPLC(10%乙酸乙酯-己烷)进一步纯化,在第一级分中得到0.12g浆状物。自己烷中重结晶,得到0.08g(17%)化合物19a,熔点89.5-105.5℃。第一级分的母液与第二级分合并,用HPLC进一步纯化,在第一级分中得到额外的19a,在第二级分中得到60mg 19b。自己烷中重结晶得到56mg白色固体。实施例163-丁基-3-乙基-4,5-二羟基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(20)
此产物与6b一起从8a与8b混合物的氢化产物中分离出来。
实施例173-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-5-苯硫基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(21)
将25mg(0.085mmole)19b、0.27g(2.7mmole)苯硫酚、0.37g(2.7mmole)碳酸钾和4ml DMF的混合物在室温于N2气下搅拌19小时。将反应混合物倒入水中,用二氯甲烷萃取。二氯甲烷层依次用10%NaOH和盐水洗,用MgSO4干燥,减压浓缩,得到0.19g半固态物质,其中含大量的二苯基二硫醚。将此物质用HPLC(5%乙酸乙酯-己烷)纯化以便在第一级分中除掉二苯基二硫醚。然后用20%乙酸乙酯-己烷洗脱柱子,得到17mg第一级分、4mg第二级分和11mg第三级分,经1HNMR和质谱鉴定,它们分别是化合物21的三种不同的异构体,即,21a、21b和21c。实施例186c和6d的另一种合成途径A.由2-((2-苯甲酰苯硫基)甲基)-2-乙基己醛(2)制备步骤1.2-((2-苯甲酰苯磺酰)甲基)-2-乙基己醛(44)
向9.0g(0.025mole)化合物2在100ml二氯甲烷中的溶液里分批加入14.6g(0.025mole)50-60%MCPBA。在室温下搅拌反应混合物64小时,然后与200ml 1M的碳酸钾一起搅拌,经过硅藻土过滤。二氯甲烷层用300ml的1M的碳酸钾洗二次,用10%氢氧化钠洗一次,用盐水洗一次。经硅藻土过滤去除在洗涤期间形成的不溶性固体。将二氯甲烷溶液干燥,减压浓缩,得到9.2g(95%)半固体。将此固体的一部分(2.6g)用HPLC(10%乙酸乙酯-己烷)纯化,得到1.9g晶体,熔点135-136℃。步骤2.2-((2-苄基苯磺酰)甲基)-2-乙基己醛(45)
将50g(0.13mole)化合物44粗品在250ml二氯甲烷中的溶液分两份装入两个Fisher-Porter瓶中,向每只瓶中装入125ml甲醇和5g 10%Pd/C。将瓶子用70psi的氢气充压,在室温下将反应混合物搅拌7小时,然后再装入5g 10%的Pd/C。将反应混合物用70psi的氢气再氢化7小时,再重复此步骤一次,但反应混合物中只装入1g Pd/C。将合并的反应混合物过滤,减压浓缩,得到46.8g褐色油状的化合物45。步骤3.(3α,4α,5α)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(6c)和(3α,4β,5β)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(6d)
向27.3g(73.4mmole)化合物45在用冰浴冷至2℃的300ml无水THF中的溶液加入9.7g(73.4mmole)95%的叔丁醇钾。将反应混合物搅拌20分钟,用300ml 10%HCl使反应骤停,用二氯甲烷萃取。将二氯甲烷层用硫酸镁萃取,减压浓缩,得到24.7g黄色油状物。用HPLC(乙酸乙酯-己烷)纯化,第一级分得到9.4g回收的化合物45,第二级分得到5.5g(20%)6c,第三级分得到6.5g(24%)6d。B.由2-羟基二苯甲烷制备步骤1.2-巯基二苯甲烷(46)
向一只500ml的烧瓶中装入16g(0.33mole)60%的氢化钠/油分散体。氢化钠用50ml己烷洗二次。向反应烧瓶中装入100ml DMF。在1小时内向此混合物中加入55.2g(0.3mol)2-羟基二苯甲烷在200mlDMF中的溶液,其间用冰水浴保持温度低于30℃。在加完试剂后,在室温下搅拌混合物30分钟,然后用冰浴冷却。向反应混合物中一次加入49.4g(0.4mole)二甲基硫代氨基甲酰氯。撤除冰浴,在室温下搅拌反应混合物18小时,随后倒入300ml水中。将有机物萃取到500ml甲苯中。甲苯层依次用10%氢氧化钠和盐水洗,减压浓缩,得到78.6g黄色油状物。它是纯度95%的O-2-苄基苯基硫代氨基甲酸二甲酯。将此油在球管蒸馏器的瓶中于室内真空下在280-300℃下加热30分钟。残余物用球管蒸馏器在1托(180-280℃)下蒸馏。馏出物(56.3g)自甲醇中结晶,得到37.3g(46%)黄色固体状的重排产物S-2-苄基苯基硫代氨基甲酸二甲酯。将57g(0.21mole)此黄色固体、30g氢氧化钾和150ml甲醇的混合物搅拌过夜,然后减压浓缩。将残余物用200ml水稀释,用乙醚萃取。水层用浓盐酸调至酸性,将油质悬浮液萃取到乙醚中。乙醚萃取液用MgSO4干燥,减压浓缩。残余物自己烷中结晶,得到37.1g(88%)黄色固体的2-巯基二苯甲烷。步骤2.2-((2-苄基苯硫基)甲基)-2-乙基己醛(47)
将步骤1得到的60g(0.3mole)黄色固体、1.70g(0.3mole)得自制备1的化合物1、32.4g(0.32mole)三乙胺、120ml 2-甲氧基乙醚的混合物回流6小时,减压浓缩。残余物用500ml水和30ml浓盐酸研制。有机物用400ml乙醚萃取。醚层依次用盐水、10%氢氧化钠和盐水洗,用硫酸镁干燥,减压浓缩。残余物(98.3g)用HPLC纯化,以2-5%的乙酸乙酯-己烷作为洗脱剂,得到2-((2-苄基苯硫基)甲基)-2-乙基己醛47,为黄色浆状物。步骤3.2-((2-苄基苯磺酰)甲基)-2-乙基己醛(45)
向72.8g(0.21mole)步骤2中的黄色浆体在1升冷却到10℃的二氯甲烷中的溶液里在40分钟内加入132g 50-60%MCPBA。将反应混合物搅拌2小时。向反应混合物中补充加入13g 50-60%MCPBA。将反应混合物搅拌2小时,经硅藻土过滤。该二氯甲烷溶液用1升1M的碳酸钾溶液洗两次,然后用1升盐水洗。将二氯甲烷层用硫酸镁干燥,浓缩得到76g 2-((2-苄基苯磺酰)甲基)-2-乙基己醛45,为浆状物。步骤4.(3α,4α,5α)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(6c),和(3α,4β,5β)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(6d)
化合物45与叔丁醇钾按照A中步骤3的方法反应,在HPLC之后得到纯的6c和6d。
实施例19(3α,4β,5β)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-8-甲氧基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(25)和(3α,4α,5α)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-8-甲氧基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(26)步骤1.2((2-苯甲酰-4-甲氧基苯硫基)甲基)-2-己基己醛(22)的制备
利用先前在实施例1 8中叙述的方法将2-羟基-4-甲氧基苯酮转化成O-2-苯甲酰苯基硫代氨基甲酸二甲酯。此产物可以用自乙醇中重结晶来分离。利用这一改进的分离方法不再需要层析。象先前所述一样地使硫代氨基甲酸酯(5g)在二苯醚中于260℃下反应进行热重排。下面将说明免去了层析步骤的改进的分离方法。
粗制的热解产物随后在3.5g KOH存在下于100ml甲醇和100mlTHF中在65℃下加热4小时。在旋转蒸发仪上去除了THF和甲醇之后,将溶液用5%NaOH和乙醚萃取。将碱层酸化并用乙醚萃取,得到2.9g苯硫酚粗产物。将所要的硫醇用有限数量的KOH滴定成碱作进一步的纯化。在酸化和用乙醚萃取后,分离出纯的2-巯基-4-甲氧基苯酮(2.3g)。
2-巯基-4-甲氧基苯酮容易如上所述地通过与2-乙基-2-(甲磺酰氧基甲基)己醛(1)反应,转化成2-((2-苯甲酰-4-甲氧基苯硫基)甲基)-2-乙基己醛(22)。步骤2.2-((2-苯甲酰-5-甲氧基苯磺酰)甲基)-2-乙基己醛(23)
底物(22)容易如实施例18中所述地氧化成2-((2-苯甲酰-5-甲氧基苯磺酰)甲基)-2-乙基己醛。步骤3.2-((2-苄基-5-甲氧基苯磺酰)甲基)-2-乙基己醛(24)
砜(23)随后按实施例18中所述还原成2-((2-苄基-5-甲氧基苯磺酰)甲基)-2-乙基己醛(24)。步骤4.(3α,4β,5β)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-8-甲氧基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(25)和(3α,4α,5α)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-8-甲氧基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(26)
向一只装有加粉末漏斗、热电偶和氮气鼓入器的3口烧瓶中装入在100ml无水THF中的19.8g(0.05mole)砜24。用冰/盐浴将该反应体系的内部温度降低-1.6℃。利用加粉末漏斗缓慢加入5.61g(0.05mole)叔丁醇钾。将所形成的浅黄色溶液保持在-1.6℃。在反应30分钟后,加入400ml冷乙醚,将此溶液用冷的10%盐酸萃取。酸层用300ml二氯甲烷萃取。将有机层合并,用硫酸镁干燥,过滤后脱除溶剂至干,得到19.9g产物。1H NMR和气液分配色谱法表明有96%转化成化合物(25)与(26)的50/50混合物。仅有的可观察到的其它化合物是4%起始的砜24。
然后将此产物在250ml 90/10的己烷/乙酸乙酯中温热至50℃使之溶解。令溶液冷至室温,以这种方式可以分离出纯的化合物26。通过加入26的种晶可以加快结晶。在两次结晶后母液为85.4%的化合物25,干重8.7g。将此物在40℃下溶在100ml的90/10己烷/乙酸乙酯和10ml纯乙酸乙酯中。在0℃下存放过夜后加入化合物25的种晶可以分离出纯的化合物25。实施例20(3α,4α,5α)3-丁基-3-乙基-4,8-二羟基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(27)
在25ml的圆底烧瓶中于搅拌下将1g化合物26(2.5mmole)和10ml二氯甲烷冷却到-78℃。接着用注射器加入0.7ml(7.5mmole)三溴化硼。将反应物缓慢地温热至室温,搅拌6小时。然后用50ml二氯甲烷冲稀反应物,用饱和NaCl溶液洗,然后用水洗。有机层用MgSO4干燥。产物(0.88g)27用NMR和质谱鉴定。实施例21酚27的通用的烷基化方法
在一只25ml的烧瓶中装入0.15g化合物27(0.38mmole)、5ml无水DMF、54mg(0.38mmole)碳酸钾和140mg(0.9mmole)乙基碘。将反应物在室温下搅拌过夜。反应物用50ml乙醚稀释,用25ml水洗,然后依次用5%NaOH(20ml)和饱和NaCl溶液洗。在脱除溶剂之后,以高产率得到乙氧基化产物28。该产物用NMR和质谱法鉴定。
使用同一步骤由相应的碘化物或溴化物制备表1中所列的产物。对于较高沸点的烷基碘和溴,只使用1当量的烷基卤化物。
表1化合物编号 R
27 H
26 甲基
28 乙基
29 己基
30 乙酰
31 (CH2)6-N-邻苯二甲酰亚胺实施例22(3α,4α,5α)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-7-羟氨基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(37)和(3α,4β,5β)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-7-羟氨基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(38)步骤1.2-氯-5-硝基二苯甲烷(32)的制备
所用步骤引自以下文献:Synthesis(Stuttgart)[合成(斯图加特)],9,770-772(1986),Olah,G等。
在氮气下向一只3口烧瓶中装入45g(0.172mole)2-氯-5-硝基苯酮在345ml二氯甲烷中的溶液,将溶液冷却到冰/水温度。利用一只辅助漏斗缓慢加入150g(0.172mloe)三氟甲磺酸在345ml二氯甲烷中的溶液。接着,向冰冷的溶液中逐滴加入在345ml二氯甲烷中的30g三乙基硅烷(0.172mole)重复这两个加入步骤(三氟甲磺酸和三乙基硅烷)。在加完后,将反应物慢慢温热至室温,在N2气下搅拌12小时。然后在搅拌下将反应混合物倒入1600ml冰冷的碳酸氢钠饱和溶液中。此时产生气泡。将溶液倒入4升的分液漏斗中分出两层。分离出二氯甲烷层并与水层的两个500ml二氯甲烷萃取液合并。将二氯甲烷溶液用硫酸镁干燥,减压浓缩。残余物自己烷中重结晶,得到39g产物。化合物32的结构经质谱和核磁共振氢谱与碳谱证实。步骤2.2-((2-苄基-4-硝基苯硫基)甲基)-2-乙基己醛(33)的制备
将上面得到的2-氯-5-硝基二苯甲烷产物(32)(40g,0.156mole)放在一只装有水冷凝器的2升的二口烧瓶中。随后加入150ml二甲基亚砜和7.18g(0.156mole)硫化锂,将该溶液在75℃下搅拌12小时。将反应物冷却到室温,然后加入在90ml二甲基亚砜中的51.7g甲磺酸酯IV。将反应混合物在氮气下加热至80℃。用薄层色谱监测12小时后,如有必要,再加入甲磺酸酯。继续反应直到反应完全。随后在搅拌下将反应混合物慢慢倒入1900ml 5%的乙酸溶液中,用4×700ml乙醚萃取,用MgSO4干燥。去除乙醚后,分离出82.7g产物。此物质可用色谱法在硅胶上进一步纯化,用95%己烷和5%乙酸乙酯作洗脱液。若在此步骤中使用纯的甲磺酸酯,则无需进一步纯化。产物33用质谱法和NMR鉴定。步骤3.将硝基产物33氧化成砜2-((2-苄基-4-硝基苯磺酰)甲基)-2-乙基己醛(34)
用来将硫醚33氧化成砜34的步骤已在前面叙述。步骤4.将化合物34还原成2-((2-苄基-4-羟氨基苯磺酰)甲基)-2-乙基己醛(35)
将15g样品34溶于230ml乙醇中,在氮气下放入500ml圆底烧瓶中。随后加入1.5g 10%重量的Pd/C,在室温下向溶液中鼓入氢气,直到硝基底物34消耗光。此反应容易用硅胶薄层色谱TLC监测,使用80/20的己烷/乙酸乙酯。滤出Pd/C后将溶剂乙醇脱除,分离出产物35。产物用NMR和质谱法鉴定。步骤5.2-((2-苄基-4-N,O-二(叔丁氧基羰基)羟氨基苯磺酰)二甲基)-2-乙基己醛(36)的制备
将13.35g样品35(0.0344mole)和40ml无水四氢呋喃在250ml圆底烧瓶中搅拌。随后加入在7ml THF中的二碳酸二叔丁酯7.52克(0.0344mole)。在60℃下加热过夜。去除THF后重新溶在二氯甲烷中。用1%盐酸萃取,然后用5%碳酸氢钠萃取。产物用柱状色谱法进一步纯化,依次用90/10的己烷/乙酸乙酯和70/30的己烷/乙酸乙酯洗脱。得到产物36(4.12g),经核磁共振氢谱鉴定,看来主要是二叔丁氧基羰基衍生物。步骤6.(3α,4α,5α)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-7-羟氨基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(37)和(3α,4β,5β)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-7-羟氨基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(38)
向一只250ml的3口圆底烧瓶中装入4g化合物36(6.8mmole)和100ml无水THF,在氮气氛下冷却到-78℃。在搅拌下慢慢加入2.29g叔丁醇钾(20.4mmole)并维持-78℃的反应温度。在-78℃下1小时后加完碱,用冰/盐浴使温度升至-10℃。在-10℃下3小时后,薄层色谱检测只剩下痕量的化合物36。随后在-10℃下向反应混合物中加入35ml去离子水,搅拌5分钟。去除大部分THF,加到分液漏斗中用乙醚萃取,直到除掉水相中所有的有机物。合并的醚相用饱和NaCl溶液洗,然后用硫酸钠干燥。经薄层色谱和NMR鉴定,仅有的产物是丁氧羰基(BOC)保护的两种异构体37和38。将异构体用硅胶色谱法分离,用85%己烷和15%乙酸乙酯洗脱;得到BOC-37(0.71g)和BOC-38(0.78g)。
随后将0.87g BOC-38(1.78mmole)与8.7ml 4M盐酸(34.8mmole)在二噁烷中反应30分钟,去除BOC保护基。接着向反应混合物中加入4.74g乙酸钠(34.8mmol)和16.5ml乙醚并搅拌之,直至透明。在转移到一只分液漏斗中之后,用乙醚和水萃取,然后用硫酸钠将醚层干燥。去除乙醚之后,分离出0.665g化合物38。异构体37可以用类似方法得到。实施例23(3α,4α,5α)3-丁基-3-乙基-7-(正-己氨基)-4-羟基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(40)和(3α,4α,5β)3-丁基-3-乙基-7-(正-己氨基)-4-羟基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(41)步骤1.2-((2-苄基-4-(正-己氨基)苯磺酰)甲基)-2-乙基己醛(39)
在一只Fischer-Porter瓶中称出0.5g化合物34(1.2mmole),在氮气下溶于3.8ml乙醇中。接着加入0.1g Pd/C和3.8ml己醛。将瓶密封并用氢气增压至50psi。搅拌48小时。滤除催化剂并在旋转蒸发仪上去除溶剂,用柱状色谱法分离出化合物39(0.16g),使用90/10的己烷-乙酸乙酯,将流动相逐渐增加到70/30的己烷/乙酸乙酯。产物用NMR和质谱法鉴定。步骤2.(3α,4α,5α)3-丁基-3-乙基-7-(正-己氨基)-4-羟基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(40)和(3α,4β,5β)3-丁基-3-乙基-7-(正-己氨基)-4-羟基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(41)
在氮气下将0.158g化合物39(0.335mmole)和5ml无水THF装入一只25ml的二口圆底烧瓶中。用盐/水浴冷却到-10℃。慢慢加入0.113g叔丁醇钾(0.335mmole)。在-10℃下15分钟后,薄层色谱检测表明,所有的起始物已耗尽,只观察到两种异构体40和41。随后加入5ml冰冷的10%盐酸并在-10℃下搅拌5分钟。转移到分液漏斗中用乙醚萃取。用硫酸钠干燥。干燥过的产物(0.143g)经NMR氢谱检测表明只存在两种异构体40和41。这两种异构体用硅胶色谱法分离,用90/10的己烷/乙酸乙酯并逐渐将流动相增高至70/30的己烷/乙酸乙酯。得到化合物40(53.2mg)与化合物41(58.9mg)。实施例24胺类底物40和41的季铵化胺类产物(如40和41)容易通过与烷基卤化物反应烷基化成季铵盐。例如化合物40在二甲基甲酰胺中与5当量的甲基碘在2,6-二甲基卢剔啶存在下反应,生成二甲基己基氨基季铵盐。实施例25(3α,4β,5β)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-5-(4-碘苯基)-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(42)
在一只25ml的圆底烧瓶中,将0.5g(1.3mmole)6d和0.67g三氟甲磺酸汞于搅拌下溶在20ml无水二氯甲烷中。随后加入0.34g碘,在室温下搅拌溶液30小时。将反应物用50ml二氯甲烷稀释,依次用10ml1M硫代硫酸钠和10ml饱和的KI洗,用硫酸钠干燥。参见Tetrahedron(四面体杂志)
50,No.17,5139-5146(1994),Bachki,F.Et等的文章。质谱分析表明是化合物6d、一碘化物42和一种二碘化物加成物的混合物。将此混合物用柱状色谱法分离,化合物42用NMR和质谱鉴定。实施例26(3α,4β,5β)3-丁基-5-(4-甲氧羰基苯基)-3-乙基-4-羟基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(43)
将0.1g样品42(0.212mmole)、2.5ml无水甲醇、38μl三乙胺(0.275mmole)、0.3ml甲苯和37mg氯化钯(0.21mmole)装入玻璃衬里的微型反应器中并充入300psi的一氧化碳。反应物在100℃加热过夜。滤出催化剂,以高产率分离得到产物。
此产物用NMR和质谱法鉴定。
酯官能化的产物43可以通过水解转化成游离酸。实施例27(3α,4α,5α)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-7-甲氧基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(48)和(3α,4β,5β)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-7-甲氧基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(49)步骤1.2-巯基-5-甲氧基苯酮(50)
按照WO 93/16055中的步骤,使66.2g 4-甲氧基苯硫酚与360ml2.5N正-丁基锂、105g四甲基1,2-乙二胺及66.7g苯基腈在600ml环己烷中反应,得到73.2g褐色油状物,将其用球管蒸馏器蒸馏以除掉4-甲氧基苯硫酚,在釜内残余物中得到43.86g粗品50。步骤2.2-((2-苯甲酰-4-甲氧苯硫基)甲基)-2-乙基己醛(51)
10g(0.04mole)粗品50与4.8g(0.02mole)甲磺酸酯1及3.2ml(0.23mole)三乙胺在50ml二甘醇二甲醚中按照制备2的步骤反应,得到10.5g粗产物,经HPLC纯化(5%乙酸乙酯-己烷),得到1.7g(22%)化合物51。步骤3.2-((2-苯甲酰-4-甲氧基苯磺酰)甲基)-2-乙基己醛(52)
按照实施例18中方法A步骤2的方法,使1.2g(3.1mmole)化合物51在25ml二氯甲烷中的溶液与2.0g(6.2mmole)50-60%MCPBA反应,得到1.16g(90%)黄色油状的化合物52。步骤4.2-((2-苄基-4-甲氧基苯磺酰)甲基)-2-乙基己醛(53)
将1.1g化合物52按照实施例18方法A中步骤3的方法氢化,得到黄色油状的化合物53(1.1g)。步骤5.(3α,4α,5α)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-7-甲氧基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(48)和(3α,4β,5β)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-7-甲氧基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(49)
将1.1g化合物53、0.36g叔丁醇钾和25ml无水THF的溶液回流2小时,并象实施例18方法A中步骤4一样进行后处理,得到1.07g粗产品,将其用HPLC纯化,得到40mg(4%)晶状化合物48,熔点153-154℃,以及90mg(8%)固体化合物49,熔点136-140℃。实施例285-苯基-2,3-二氢螺苯并硫杂-3,1’-环己烷(57)步骤1.1-(羟甲基)-环己烷甲醛(54)
在1小时内向100g(0.891mole)环己烷甲醛和76.5g 37%甲醛溶液在225ml甲醇中的冷(0℃)混合物中逐滴加入90ml 1N NaOH。在室温下搅拌反应混合物48,然后蒸发掉甲醇。用水稀释反应混合物,用二氯甲烷萃取。有机层依次用水和盐水洗,用硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,得到75g(59.7%)粘稠油状物。核磁共振氢谱及质谱与产物一致。步骤2.1-(甲磺酰氧基甲基)环己烷甲醛(55)
向醇54(75g,0.54mole)和65.29g(0.57mole)甲磺酰氯在80ml二氯甲烷中的冷(0℃)混合物里加入吡啶(47.96g,0.57mole)在40ml二氯甲烷中的溶液。在室温下搅拌反应混合物18小时,然后用水使反应骤停,用浓盐酸酸化,用二氯甲烷萃取。有机层依次用水和盐水洗,用硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,得到91.63g(77.8%)粘稠油。核磁共振氢谱及质谱与产物一致。步骤3.1-((2-苯甲酰苯硫基)甲基)环己烷甲醛(56)
将69g(0.303mole)2-巯基苯酮、82g(0.303mole)甲磺酸酯55、32g三乙胺和150ml二甘醇二甲醚的混合物搅拌回流24小时。将混合物冷却,倒入稀盐酸中用二氯甲烷萃取。有机层依次用10%NaOH、水及盐水洗,用硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩除去多余的二甘醇二甲醚。将其用硅胶快速柱状色谱法(5%乙酸乙酯∶己烷)纯化,得到18.6g(75.9%)黄色油状物。核磁氢谱及质谱与产物一致。步骤4.5-苯基-2,3-二氢螺苯并硫杂-3,1’-环己烷(57)
向6.19g锌粉和100ml无水DME的混合物中加入TiCl3(16.8g,0.108mole)。将反应混合物加热回流2小时。在1小时内向反应混合物中逐滴加入化合物56(8.3g,0.023mole)在50ml DME中的溶液,将该混合物回流18小时。将混合物冷却,倒入水中用乙醚萃取。有机层依次用水和盐水洗,用硫酸钠干燥,经硅藻土过滤,减压浓缩。残余物用HPLC(10%乙酸乙酯∶己烷)纯化,得到4.6g(64%)白色固体,熔点90-91℃。核磁共振氢谱和碳谱及质谱与产物一致。实施例298b-苯基-1a,2,3,8b-四氢螺(苯并硫杂并〔4,5-b〕环氧乙烯-2,1’-环己烷)-4,4-二氧化物(58)
在氮气下向化合物57(4.6g,15mmole)在50ml氯仿中的溶液里用刮勺分批加入55%MCPBA(16.5g,52.6mmole)。将反应物回流18小时,依次用10%NaOH(3次)、水和盐水洗,用硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩,得到5g粗产物。将其自己烷/乙酸乙酯中重结晶,得到4.31g(81%)黄色固体,熔点154-155℃。核磁共振氢谱和碳谱及质谱与产物一致。实施例30反-4-羟基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢螺(苯并硫杂-3,1’-环己烷)-1,1-二氧化物(59)
将0.5g(1.4mmole)化合物58、20ml乙醇、10ml二氯甲烷和0.4g10%Pd/C催化剂的混合物在室温下用70psi的氢氢化3小时。将粗的反应物浆体经硅藻土过滤,蒸发至干。残余物用HPLC(10%乙酸乙酯-己烷,25%乙酸乙酯-己烷)纯化。第一级分是300mg(60%)白色固体,熔点99-100℃。核磁共振氢谱表明它是反式异构体。第二级分得到200mg固体,它是不纯的顺式异构体。实施例31顺-4-羟基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢螺(苯并硫杂-3,1’-环己烷)-1,1-二氧化物(60)
向0.2g(0.56mmole)化合物59在20ml CH2Cl2中的溶液里加入8g50%NaOH和一滴Aliquat-336(氯化甲基三辛酰铵)相转移催化剂。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌10小时。向混合物中加入20g冰,混合物用CH2Cl2萃取(3×10ml),依次用水和盐水洗,用MgSO4干燥,减压浓缩,回收到0.15g粗产物。将其自己烷/乙酸乙酯中重结晶,得到125g白色固体,熔点209-210℃。核磁共振氢谱和碳谱及质谱结果与产物相一致。实施例32(3α,4α,5α)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂(61)和(3α,4β,5β)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂(62)
向0.5g(1.47mmole)化合物47在5ml无水THF中的溶液里加入0.17g(1.47mmole)95%的叔丁醇钾。在室温下搅拌反应混合物18小时,用10ml 10%盐酸使反应骤停。将有机物萃取到二氯甲烷中。二氯甲烷萃取液用硫酸镁干燥,减压浓缩。残余物用HPLC(2%乙酸乙酯-己烷)纯化,在第二级分中得到47mg化合物61,在第三级分中得到38mg化合物62。核磁共振氢谱和质谱与认定的结构一致。实施例33(3α,4α,5α)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-7-氨基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(63)和(3α,4β,5β)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-7-氨基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物(64)
在高压釜中装入200mg化合物37、40cc乙醇和0.02g 10%Pd/C。在用氮吹洗之后,向釜内充入100psi的氢气并加热至55℃。用薄层色谱和质谱法监测反应,令反应进行到化合物37全部耗尽。在反应完成后滤除催化剂,减压除去溶剂,可观察到的仅有的产物是胺63。用同一步骤由化合物38制取64。
用本发明一般或专门叙述的反应物和/或操作条件代替以上实施例中使用的反应物和/或条件,可以同样成功地重复这些实施例。
剂型
本发明的式I胆酸摄入抑制剂化合物可以以使化合物I与体内的化合物作用部位(优选哺乳动物、最好是人的回肠中)接触的任何方式施用,优选口服,用于预防和治疗高脂血性疾病或症状。
这些试剂可以与药物一起以可采用的任何方式作为个别的治疗药剂或在治疗药剂组合物中使用。
为达到所要求的生物作用所需要的式I化合物的数量当然取决于许多因素,例如,所选择的化合物、预定的用途、施用方式及受体的临床症状。
一般说来,日剂量为每千克体重每天0.3-100mg(通常为3-50mg),例如3-10mg/kg/天。这一总的日剂量以单次或均分剂量,最好是每天1-6次均分剂量或以能有效达到所要求效果的持续释放的形式,对哺乳动物(优选人)给药。
静脉内用药剂量可以是例如0.3-1.0mg/kg;这可以方便地以每分钟每kg10ng-100ng的输注液(Oinfusion)形式给药。适合此用的输注液可以每ml含0.1ng至10mg,通常是1ng至10mg。单位剂量中可以含有例如1mg至10g的式I化合物。注射用的安瓿剂中可以含1mg至100mg,口服单位剂量药剂(如药片或胶囊)可以含例如1.0-1000mg,一般是10-500mg。在可药用盐的情形,上述的重量是指从盐中衍生出的苯并硫杂离子的重量。
为了预防或治疗上面提到的病症,式I化合物可以以化合物本身的形式使用,但是最好是与可药用的载体一起以药物组合物的形式使用。载体当然必须是可药用的,这意味着它与组合物中的其它组分相容,而且必须对受体无害。载体可以是固体或液体,或者两种形式,而且最好是与化合物配制成单位剂量的组合物,例如药片,它可以含0.05%-95%重量的活性化合物。也可以含有其它药理活性物质,包括其它的式I化合物。本发明的药物组合物可以用药学中众所周知的任何方法制备,它主要包括将各种组分混合。
本发明的药物组合物包括适合口服、直肠、局部、经颊(例如舌下)和非肠道(例如皮下、肌内、真皮内或静脉内)用药的那些组合物,但是在任何指定的情形下最合适的途径都取决于要治疗的病症的性质和严重程度,以及要使用的具体的式I化合物的本性。包有肠溶衣的制剂和包有肠溶衣的缓释制剂也属于本发明的范围。合适的肠溶衣包括乙酸邻苯二甲酸纤维素、聚乙酸邻苯二甲酸乙烯酯、邻苯二甲酸羟丙基甲基纤维素以及甲基丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸甲酯的阴离子型聚合物。
适合经口服用的药物组合物可以是分离的单元形式,例如每只中含预定数量式I化合物的胶囊、扁囊剂、糖锭或药片;粉末或颗粒;在水或非水液体中的溶液或悬浮液;或是水包油或油包水型乳状液。正如所指出的那样,这些组合物可以用任何合适的药剂学方法制备,这包括将活性化合物与载体(它可以含一种或多种辅助组分)相组合的步骤。一般来说,组合物的制备方法可以是将活性化合物与液体或细分的固体载体,或者与两者一起,均匀而充分地混合,然后必要时将产物成型。例如,药片可以通过将化合物的粉末或颗粒任选地与一种或多种辅助成分一起压制或模制来制备。压制的片剂可以在合适的机械中将任选地混有粘合剂、润滑剂、惰性稀释剂和/或表面活性剂/分散剂的自由流动形式的化合物(例如粉末或颗粒)压制得到。模制片剂可以通过在合适的机械中将用惰性液体稀释剂调湿的粉状化合物模压得到。
适合经颊(舌下)用药的药物组合物包括在调味基料(通常是蔗糖和阿拉伯树胶或黄蓍胶)中含式I化合物的锭剂和在惰性基料(例如明胶和甘油或蔗糖与阿拉伯树胶)中含有该化合物的软锭剂。
适合非肠道给药的药物组合物包括式I化合物的无菌水基制剂,最好是与希望受体的固体等渗透压。这些制剂优选静脉内给药,但是也可以采用皮下、肌内或真皮内注射的方式给药。这类制剂可以方便地通过将化合物与水混合并将所形成的溶液灭菌和与血液等渗透压来制得。本发明的可注射的组合物通常含0.1-5%w/w的式I化合物。
适合直肠给药的药物组合物优选采用单位剂量栓剂的形式。它们的制备方法是,将式I化合物与一种或多种常规的固体载体(例如可可脂)混合,然后将所形成的混合物成形。
适合局部施用于皮肤的药物组合物优选采取软膏、乳油、洗液、糊、凝胶、喷雾剂、气溶胶或油的形式。可以使用的载体包括凡士林、羊毛脂、聚乙二醇、醇类和它们中的两种或多种的组合。活性化合物的浓度一般是组合物重量的0.1-15%,例如0.5-2%。
也可以经皮用药。适合经皮给药的药物组合物可以是适合与受体的表皮保持长时间紧密接触的单个的贴剂。这种贴剂含有的式I化合物适宜在任选缓冲的水基介质中,溶解和/或分散在粘合剂中,或者分散在聚合物中。活性化合物的合适浓度约为1-35%,优选约3-15%。作为一种特殊的可能性,式I化合物可以通过电迁移或离子电渗方式从贴剂中释放出来,如Pharmaceutical Research(药剂学研究),3(6)318(1986)中所述。
可以与载体材料组合以制备单个剂型的活性组分的数量将随要治疗的对象和具体的给药方式而变。
为了用本发明化合物和/或组合物解除或减缓(即,预防或治疗)以高脂血作为疾病要素的病症(例如动脉粥样硬化),或是保护或治疗血浆或血液中胆固醇含量进一步增高,剂量方案要根据多种因素来选择,包括患者的类型、年龄、重量、性别、饮食及医疗状况,疾病的严重程度,给药途径,药理考虑(例如所用的具体化合物的活性、效力、药物动力学及毒性情况),是否使用药物释放体系以及是否将化合物作为药物组合物的一部分给药等。于是,实际采用的剂量方案可以在很大范围内变化并因此偏离上述的优选剂量方案。
可注射的制剂,例如灭菌的可注射水基或油质悬浮液,可以根据已知的工艺用合适的分散或定形剂以及悬浮剂配制。灭菌的可注射制剂也可以是一种在可非肠道用药的无毒性的稀释剂或溶剂中的无菌的可注射溶液或悬浮液,例如在1,3-丁二醇中的溶液。在可以接受的载体和溶剂之中有水、Ringer溶液和等渗的氯化钠溶液。此外,无菌的不挥发性油通常可作为溶剂或悬浮介质。为此可以使用任何牌号的不挥发性油,包括合成的甘油单酯或二酯。另外,脂肪酸如油酸也可用在可注射的制剂中。
用于口服的固体剂型包括上面提到的胶囊、片剂、丸剂、粉剂和粒剂,它们是式I化合物与至少一种惰性稀释剂(如蔗糖、乳糖或淀粉)的混合物。象通常的作法一样,这些剂型还可以包含惰性稀释剂之外的其它物质,例如润滑剂(如硬脂酸镁)。在胶囊、片剂和丸剂的情形,这些剂型还可以含有缓冲剂。片剂和丸剂可以另外制备成带有肠溶衣。
用于口服的液体剂型可以包括药学上可接受的乳状液、溶液、悬浮液、糖浆和酏剂,其中含有工艺上常用的惰性稀释剂,例如水。这些组合物还可以含有辅助剂,例如润湿剂、乳化剂和悬浮剂,以及甜味剂、矫味剂和香味剂。
可药用的载体包括所有上述载体及类似物。
生物试验
以下试验显示了本发明化合物的用途。这些试验是在试管内和模型动物体内完成的,基本上采用公认的方法,以便说明本发明的用途。关于化合物抑制IBAT介导的〔 14 C〕牛磺胆酸盐(TC)在H 14 细胞内 摄入的试管内试验
将用人的IBAT(H14细胞)的cDNA转移感染的大田鼠幼仔的肾细胞(BHK)接种在96孔的顶层计数组织培养板上,对于接种后24小时内试验,每孔60,000细胞,对于48小时内试验采用30,000细胞/孔,对于72小时内试验则为10,000细胞/孔。
在试验的当天,将细胞单层用试验缓冲液100μl(Dulbecco改进的Eagle培养基,加有4.5g/l葡萄糖和0.2%(w/v)无脂肪酸的牛血清白蛋白(FAF)BSA)温和地洗一次。向各孔中加入50μl两倍浓度的试验化合物在试验缓冲液中的溶液以及50μl的6μM〔14C〕-牛磺胆酸盐在试验缓冲液中的溶液(最终浓度3μM〔14C〕牛磺胆酸盐)。将细胞培养板在37℃下培养2小时,然后先用含0.2%(w/v)(FAF)BSA的100μl 4℃的Dulbecco磷酸盐缓冲盐水(PBS)温和地洗各个孔两次。接着用100μl 4℃的无(FAF)BSA的PBS温和地洗一次。每个孔中加入200μl液体闪烁计数液体,将培养板热封,室温下摇荡30分钟,然后用一台Packard顶层计数(Top-Count)仪器测定各孔中的放射性。化合物抑制〔 14 C〕丙氨酸摄入的试管内试验
丙氨酸摄入试验按照与牛磺胆酸盐试验相同的方式进行,只是用标记的丙氨酸代替标记的牛磺胆酸盐。化合物抑制大鼠回肠将〔 14 C〕-牛磺胆酸盐摄入胆汁的体内试验(参见“3α,7β-二羟基-7α-甲基-5β-胆烷酸和3α,7β-二羟基-7α-甲基-5β-胆烷酸在大田鼠中的代谢”,Biochimica etBiophysica Acta(生物化学和生物物理学报)
833(1985)196-202,Une等)
将雄性Wistar大鼠(200-300g)用仲丁硫巴比妥钠(100mg/kg)麻醉。用一根10英寸长的PE10管插入胆导管。暴露出小肠并摊开在纱布垫上。在离小肠和盲肠会合点12cm处插入插管(1/8英寸Luer锁紧接口,锥形内螺纹过渡管接头)。在离同一会合点4cm处切开一个裂口(利用8cm长的回肠)。用20ml温热的Dulbecco磷酸盐缓冲盐水(pH6.5,PBS)冲洗这段肠。在远侧的开口插入20cm长的聚硅氧烷管(内径0.02英寸,外径0.037英寸)。近侧的套管连接到一个蠕动泵上,用温热的PBS以0.25ml/分的速度洗这段肠20分钟。连续监测肠段的温度。在实验开始时,用一只3ml的注射器将2.0ml的对照样品(〔14C〕-牛磺胆酸盐,0.05mi/ml,与5mM冷的牛磺胆酸盐)装入肠段并开始收集胆汁样品。对照样以0.25ml/分的速度灌注21分钟。此步骤的头27分钟内每3分钟收集胆汁样品级分。在样品灌注21分钟后,用20ml温热的PBS(使用一只30ml注射器)冲洗回肠回路,然后用温热的PBS以0.25ml/分冲洗回路21分钟。象上述一样开始第二次灌注,但这次还加有要给药的试验化合物(给药21分钟后,冲洗21分钟),头27分钟每3分钟取胆汁样。如有必要,象上面一样进行第3次灌注,它通常含对照样品。肝的胆固醇浓度(HEPATIC CHOL)的测定
将肝组织称重并在氯仿∶甲醇(2∶1)中均化。均化和离心后将上清液分离,在氮气下干燥。将残余物溶在异丙醇中,按照Allain,C.A等在Clin.Chem.(临床化学)20,470,1974中所述,用胆固醇氧化酶和过氧化酶组合物以酶学方法测定胆固醇含量。
肝的HMG CoA-还原酶活性(HMG COA)的测定
将肝样品在磷酸盐/蔗糖缓冲液中均化后离心分离,制得肝的微粒体。将最后沉淀的粒状物质重新悬浮在缓冲液中,取一份液体在14C-HMG-CoA(Dupont-NEN)存在下于37℃下培养60分钟,测定HMGCoA(β-羟基-β-甲基戊二酸单酰辅酶A)还原酶活性。加入6N HCl后离心使反应停止。分离出一份上清液,用薄层色谱法,将与酶产物相应的斑点从板上刮下,萃取,用闪烁计数法测定放射性(参见:Akerlund.J.and Bjorkhem,I.(1990)。J.Lipid Res(类脂研究杂志)31,2159)。血清胆固醇(SER.CHOL,HDL-CHOL、TGI及VLDL+LDL)的测定
用Wako精细化学品公司(Richmond,VA)的商品试剂盒(胆固醇C11,产品编号276-64949)以酶法测定总血清胆固醇(SER.CHOL)。在用Sigma化学公司的HDL胆固醇试剂(产品目录编号352-3)将VLDL和LDL沉淀后(葡聚糖硫酸盐法),用上述同一试剂盒测定高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-CHOL)。总血清甘油三酯(空白)(TGI)用Sigma化学公司的GPO-Trinder(产品目录编号337-B)以酶法测定。VLDL和LDL(VLDL+LDL)胆固醇浓度按总胆固醇与HDL胆固醇之差计算。肝的胆固醇7α-羟化酶活性(7α-OHase)的测定
将肝样品在磷酸盐/蔗糖缓冲液中均化后离心分离,制得肝的微粒体。将最终的粒状沉淀物重新悬浮在缓冲液中,取一份液体在37℃于NADPH(还原的烟酰铵腺嘌呤磷酸二核苷)存在下培养5分钟。在萃取到石油醚中之后,将有机溶剂蒸发,残余物溶在乙腈/甲醇中。将一份萃取物注入到C18反相HPLC柱上,分离出酶催产物,洗脱出的物质用紫外光在240nm下定量检测(参见:Horton,J.D等(1994),J.Clin.Invest.(临床研究杂志)
93,2084)。粪便胆汁酸浓度(FBA)的测定
逐个收集饲养的大田鼠的总排便24小时或48小时,在氮气流下干燥,粉碎,称重。称出约0.1g,萃取到有机溶剂(丁醇/水)中。在分离和干燥后,将残余物溶在甲醇中,利用3α-羟基类固醇类固醇脱氢酶与胆汁酸反应还原NAD(烟酰铵腺嘌呤二核苷酸),用酶法测定存在的胆酸的数量(参看:Mashige,F.等(1981),Clin.Chem.(临床化学),27,1352)。〔 3 H〕牛磺胆酸盐在兔的刷状缘膜泡囊(BBMV)中的摄入
利用Malathi等叙述的钙沉淀法(参见:(1979)BiochimicaBiophysicaActa(生物化学与生物物理学报),
554,259)由冰冻的回肠粘膜制备兔的刷状缘膜。测定牛磺胆酸盐的方法与Kramer等叙述的基本相同(参见:(1992)Biochimica Biophysica Acta(生物化学与生物物理学报),
1111,93),只是分析体积由100μl改为200μl。简单地说,在室温下将190μl含2μM〔3H〕-牛磺胆酸盐(0.75μCi)、20mM tris、100mM NaCl、100mM甘露醇的pH7.4的溶液与10μl刷状缘膜泡囊(60-120μg蛋白质)一起培养5秒钟。通过加入BBMV并旋涡搅拌使培养开始,利用加入5ml冰冷的缓冲液(20mM Hepes-tris,150mM KCl)使反应停止,随后立即经过尼龙过滤器(0.2μm孔)过滤,再用5ml停止缓冲液洗。酰基-CoA:胆固醇酰基转移酶(ACAT)
如前所述(参见:(1980)J.Biol.Chem(生物化学杂志)
255,9098)由组织制备大田鼠肝和大鼠肠的微粒体,用其作为ACAT酶的来源。此试验包括一个2.0ml的培养液,其中在50mM磷酸钠和2mM DTT的pH7.4缓冲液中含有24μM油酰-CoA(0.05μCi),缓冲液中还含有0.25%BSA和200μg微粒体蛋白质。通过加入油酰-CoA起动试验。反应在37℃下进行5分钟,利用加入8.0ml氯仿/甲醇(2∶1)使反应终止。向萃取体系中加入125μg在氯仿/甲醇中的油酸胆固醇酯作为载体,在充分旋涡搅拌后离心分离出萃取体系的有机相和水相。将氯仿相蒸干,然后滴加在硅胶60薄层色谱板上,在己烷/乙醚(9∶1)中展开。用一台Packard Instaimager测定结合到TLC板上油酸胆固醇酯斑点中的放射性数量,由此确定所形成的胆固醇酯的数量。
在上述试验中由所提到的各化合物得到的数据列在下面的表2、3、4和5中。
表2
*试管内试验牛磺胆酸盐的细胞摄入#除非另外说明=对比实施例是WO 93/16055中的实施例1
对比实施例是WO 93/16055中的实施例1
化合物 | TC50μM* | 在100μM#下试管内试验TC摄入抑制% | 在100μM#下丙氨酸摄入抑制% | 在0.1mM#下TC在大鼠回肠中的转运为对照氧的% |
苯并硫杂= | 2 | 0 | 45.5+/-0.7 | |
12 | 25 | |||
3 | 0 | |||
4a | 3 | |||
5a | 34 | |||
5b | 40 | 0 | 72.9±5.4在0.5mM | |
4b | 9 | |||
18 | 6 | |||
14b | 18 | |||
14a | 13 | |||
13 | 23 | |||
15 | 60 | |||
19a | 0 | |||
19b | 15 | |||
8a | 41 | |||
8a和8b的混合物 | 69 | |||
9a和9b的混合物 | 6 | |||
6a | 5 | |||
6b | 85 | |||
9a | 5 | 0%在25μM | 53.7+/-3.9 | |
6a和20的混合物 | 13 |
6d和10a的混合物 | 0.8 | 14%在25μM | ||
21a | 37 | |||
21c | 52 | |||
21b | 45 | |||
6c | 2 | 58.5 | 68.8+/-5.7在0.4mM | |
6d | 0.6 | 77.7 | 16.1+/-1.1在0.5mM30.2+/-0.9在0.15Mm | |
17 | 10 | |||
7 | 50 | 49.3 | ||
10a | 7 | 77.6 | 62.4=/-2.5在0.2mM | |
10b | 15 | 68.6 | ||
25 | 0.1 | 4%在10μM | 26.0+/-3.3 | |
26 | 2 | 31%在25μM | 87.9+/-1.5 | |
27 | 5 | 7%在20μM | ||
28 | 8 | 31%在20μM | ||
29 | 88在50μM | |||
30 | 96在50μM | |||
31 | 41在50μM | |||
37 | 3 | 0%在5μM | ||
38 | 0.3 | 11%在5μM | 20.6+/-5.7 | |
40 | 49在50μM | |||
41 | 2 | 0%在20μM | ||
42 | 1.5 | |||
43 | 1.5 | 16%在25μM | ||
48 | 2 | 22%在20μM | ||
49 | 0.15 | 21%在200μM | 21.2+/-2.7 |
57 | 51在50μM | |||
58 | 20在50μM | |||
59 | 70 | |||
60 | 9 | 59 | ||
61 | 30 | 175 | ||
62 | 10 | |||
63 | 90在6μM | |||
64 | 100在6μM |
表3 | |||||
化合物 | TC-摄入 | TC-摄入 | TC-摄入 | ACAT | ACAT |
(H14细胞) | 回肠回路 | (BBMV) | (肝) | (肠) | |
IC(50) | EC(50) | IC(50) | IC(50) | IC(50) | |
对比实施例* | 1μM | 74μM | 3μM | 20μM | 20μM |
6d | 0.6μM | 31μM | 1.5μM | 25μM | 20μM |
38 | 0.3μM | 12μM | 2μM | 15μM | N.D |
49 | 0.1μM | 12μM | N.D | 6μM | N.D. |
25 | 0.1μM | 20μM | 0.8μM | 8μM | 8μM |
表4.化合物25在喂食胆固醇的大田鼠中的效力 | |||
参数 | 空白对照样 | 4%消胆胺 | 0.2%化合物25 |
体重(G)第1天第14天肝重(G)SER.CHOL(mg%)HDL-CHOL(mg%)VLDL+LDLTGI(mg%)HEPATIC CHOL(mg/g)HMG COA pm/mg/min7a-OHase(pm/mg/min.)24小时粪便重量(G)FBA(mM/24H/100g) | 平均值±标准平均偏差117(2)127(3)5.4(0.3)143(7)89(4)54(7)203(32)2.5(0.3)15.8(7.6)235.3(25.1)2.3(0.1)6.2(0.8) | *p<0.05,A-t试验114(6)127(3)4.9(0.4)119(4)*A,B76(3)*A,B42(3)*A190(15)1.9(0.1)*A,B448.8(21.6)*A,B357.2(28.3)*A,B2.7(0.1)*A,B12.3(1.5)*A,B | B-Dunnett试验)117(5)132(4)5.8(0.2)126(2)*A,B76(1)*A,B50(3)175(11)1.9(0.1)*A,B312.9(37.5)*A,B291.0(6.0)*A2.4(0.04)11.9(0.5)*A,B |
表5.化合物25在大鼠AIEET微型泵模型试验中的效力 | ||
参数 | 空白对照 | 20MPK/天化合物25 |
体重(G)(平均值±标准平均偏差)第1天第8天肝重(G)SER.CHOL(mg%)HEPATIC CHOL(mg/g)HMG COA pm/mg/min7a-OHase(pm/mg/min.)24小时粪重(G)FBA(mM/24H/100g) | *p<0.05,A-t试验307(4)330(4)15.5(0.6)85(3)21(0.03)75.1(6.4)281.9(13.9)5.8(0.1)17.9(0.9) | .B-Dunnett试验)307(3)310(4)*A,B14.6(0.4)84(3)2.0(0.03)318.0(40.7)*A,B535.2(35.7)*A,B5.7(0.4)39.1(4.5)*A,B |
以上只是对本发明的示例说明,而不是要将本发明限于所公开的化合物。对于本领域技术人员显然可以作出的修改和变动也将属于由所附权利要求限定的本发明的范围和特征之内。
Claims (16)
1、式I化合物或其可药用的盐、溶剂化物或药物前体其中q是从1到4的整数;
n为从0到2的整数;
R1和R2各自独立地为H、C1-10烷基,或者R1与R2一起形成C3-C10环烷基;条件是当n是0时,R1和R2不能都是氢;
R3和R4各自独立地为H、烷基、芳基、OR、NRR’、S(O)nR,或者R3与R4一起形成=O、=NOH、=S、=NNRR’、=NR”、或=CRR’,其中R、R’和R”选自H、烷基、链烯基烷基、炔基烷基、芳基、羧基烷基、烷氧羰基烷基、环烷基或氰烷基;条件是当R3是OH、NH2或SH时,R4不能是OH、NH2或SH;
R5选自芳基、杂环基、OR、NRR’、或S(O)nR,其中芳基和杂环基可任选地被烷基、链烯基、炔基、卤素、OR、NRR’、S(O)nR、NO2、卤代烷基、羧基、烷氧羰基、CN或N+RR’R”Y-取代,其中的R,R’和R”各自独立地定义如上,Y-独立地是一个阴离子;条件是,当R1、R2、R3、R4和R6全是H或者R和R’是氢或C1-C6烷基时,R5不能是OH、NH2、或NRR’;
R6选自氢或者R4与R6一起形成-O-,或者R5与R6一起形成一个C3-C10亚烷基;条件是,当R3是OH、NH2或SH时,R4和R6不能合在一起形成-O-;
X选自H、烷基、链烯基、炔基、卤素、OR、NRR’、NROR’、S(O)nR、NO2、卤代烷基、羧基、烷氧羰基、CN或N+RR’R”Y-,其中R、R’和R”各自独立地定义如上,Y-独立地为一阴离子;
其中除非另外说明,烷基是C1-6烷基;链烯基是C2-6链烯基;炔基是C2-6炔基;芳基是苯基或萘基;和杂环是:其中Z、Z’、Z”或Z是C、S、O或N,条件是Z、Z’、Z”或Z之一不是碳,但是当通过双键连接到另一个Z原子或当连接到另一个O或S原子时,Z、Z’、Z”或Z之一不是O或S。
2、权利要求1的化合物,其中n是2。
3、权利要求2的化合物,其中R1和R2不能都是氢。
4、权利要求2或3的化合物,其中R5是任选地被烷基、链烯基、炔基、卤素、OR、NRR’、S(O)nR、NO2、卤代烷基、羧基、烷氧羰基、CN或N+RR’R”Y-取代的芳基,其中R、R’和R”和Y-各自独立地如权利要求1所定义。
5、权利要求1的化合物,其中R3和R4各自独立地选自H、烷基、芳基、OR或S(O)nR,或者R3与R4一起形成=O、=NOH、=S、=NNRR’、=NR”、或=CRR’,其中R、R’和R”各自独立地如权利要求1所定义。
6、权利要求2或3的化合物,其中R5或R6中的一个是NRR’,R3或R4不能是芳基,其中R和R’各自独立地如权利要求1所定义。
7、权利要求2或3的化合物,其中R4是OH,R6是氢。
8、权利要求2或3的化合物,其中R4和R5位于同一平面内。
9、权利要求2或3的化合物,其中化合物是(3α,4β,5β)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物。
10、权利要求2或3的化合物,其中该化合物是(3α,4β,5β)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-8-甲氧基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物。
11、权利要求2或3的化合物,其中该化合物是(3α,4β,5β)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-7-甲氧基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂术-1,1-二氧化物。
12、权利要求2或3的化合物,其中该化合物是(3α,4β,5β)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-7-羟氨基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物。
13、权利要求2或3的化合物,其中该化合物是(3α,4β,5β)3-丁基-3-乙基-4-羟基-7-氨基-5-苯基-2,3,4,5-四氢苯并硫杂-1,1-二氧化物。
14、用于预防或治疗高脂血症的一种药物组合物,其中的病症是动脉粥样硬化,组合物中含有一种抗动脉粥样硬化有效数量的权利要求1-13中任一项的化合物及一种可药用的载体。
15、用于预防或治疗高脂血病症的药物组合物,其中该病症是高胆固醇血症,所述组合物中含有一种抗高胆固醇血症有效数量的权利要求1-13中任一项的化合物及一种可药用的载体。
16、权利要求1-13中任一项的化合物在制备一种预防或治疗高脂血病症、动脉粥样硬化或高胆固醇血症的药物中的应用。
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AU626881B2 (en) * | 1988-07-14 | 1992-08-13 | F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag | Benzofused heterocyclics used as pharmaceuticals |
EP0508425A1 (en) * | 1991-04-12 | 1992-10-14 | Schering Corporation | Bicyclic amides as inhibitors of acyl-coenzyme a: cholesterol acyl transferase |
FR2698873B1 (fr) * | 1992-12-07 | 1995-02-24 | Lipha | Benzocycloheptènes, benzoxépines et benzothiépines activateurs des canaux potassiques, procédé de préparation, composition pharmaceutique les contenant. |
-
1995
- 1995-08-28 WO PCT/US1995/010863 patent/WO1996008484A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1995-08-28 AT AT95930289T patent/ATE199718T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-08-28 CA CA002199944A patent/CA2199944A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-08-28 BR BR9508916A patent/BR9508916A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-08-28 DK DK95930289T patent/DK0781278T3/da active
- 1995-08-28 ES ES95930289T patent/ES2155136T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-28 CN CN95195971A patent/CN1084741C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-08-28 AU AU33736/95A patent/AU700557B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-08-28 JP JP51020596A patent/JP3304093B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-08-28 EP EP95930289A patent/EP0781278B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-28 DE DE69520364T patent/DE69520364T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-08-28 PT PT95930289T patent/PT781278E/pt unknown
-
2001
- 2001-03-15 GR GR20010400374T patent/GR3035583T3/el not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (3)
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FR2661676A1 (fr) * | 1990-05-02 | 1991-11-08 | Lipha | Derives d'amino benzocycloalcanes, procedes de preparation et medicaments les contenant. |
WO1993016055A1 (en) * | 1992-02-17 | 1993-08-19 | The Wellcome Foundation Limited | Hypolipidaemic benzothiazepine compounds |
EP3508646A1 (de) * | 2018-01-04 | 2019-07-10 | Miele & Cie. KG | Wasserzulaufsteuerung und waschautomat |
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Title |
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COLLECT.CZECH.CHEM.COMMUN.33(12) 1968.1.1 SINDELAR K ETAL"Neurotropicand…" * |
COLLECT.CZECH.CHEM.COMMUN.37(12) 1972.1.1 KVIS F ET AL "Benzocycloheptene…" * |
COLLECT.CZECH.CHEM.COMMUN.37(12) 1972.1.1 SINDELAR K ETAL"Benzocycloheptenes…" * |
SYNTHESIS;(9) 1987.1.1 ISHINO Y ET AL"Novel of synthesis of…" * |
TETRAHEDRON LETT.89;VOL30(32) 1989.1.1 PATRA R TE AL "Conformational and steric…" * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU3373695A (en) | 1996-03-29 |
GR3035583T3 (en) | 2001-06-29 |
CN1162311A (zh) | 1997-10-15 |
EP0781278A1 (en) | 1997-07-02 |
ES2155136T3 (es) | 2001-05-01 |
EP0781278B1 (en) | 2001-03-14 |
ATE199718T1 (de) | 2001-03-15 |
BR9508916A (pt) | 1997-12-30 |
DE69520364T2 (de) | 2001-09-13 |
CA2199944A1 (en) | 1996-03-21 |
WO1996008484A1 (en) | 1996-03-21 |
JPH10505830A (ja) | 1998-06-09 |
DE69520364D1 (de) | 2001-04-19 |
DK0781278T3 (da) | 2001-04-17 |
AU700557B2 (en) | 1999-01-07 |
JP3304093B2 (ja) | 2002-07-22 |
PT781278E (pt) | 2001-08-30 |
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