WO2001002792A2 - Teilzerlegungsgeschoss - Google Patents
Teilzerlegungsgeschoss Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2001002792A2 WO2001002792A2 PCT/EP2000/005655 EP0005655W WO0102792A2 WO 2001002792 A2 WO2001002792 A2 WO 2001002792A2 EP 0005655 W EP0005655 W EP 0005655W WO 0102792 A2 WO0102792 A2 WO 0102792A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- projectile
- break
- head
- partial
- open
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
- F42B12/34—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect expanding before or on impact, i.e. of dumdum or mushroom type
Definitions
- the invention relates to a partial dismantling floor according to the preamble of the first claim.
- Partial dismantling bullets are used for hunting. Bullets used for hunting are said to both deform when they strike the game and break up more or less into fragments. Disassembly bullets or partial bullet bullets are known which consist of a jacket and one or more cores with different material hardness. The cores are usually lead cores because the lead can be alloyed with other metals to a material with a predeterminable hardness. It also has good ballistic properties due to its high specific weight. When hitting the target body, pressure is exerted on the tip of the projectile body. When penetrating into the target body, the projectile core is compressed, the yield strength of the material of the projectile jacket being exceeded.
- the disassembly of the projectile continues until either the energy of the projectile has been reduced to such an extent that there is no further splintering of the jacket and projectile body, or the disassembly of the projectile body by a defined chicane, for example a second core or a holding groove or one Predetermined breaking point, is ended.
- the so-called residual body usually has one indefinable residual mass and when passing through the target body leads to further depth effects and a possible reject.
- a cutting floor is known to be particularly suitable for predators and big game. It is a jacket storey with a lead core and a disassembly level.
- the object of the present invention is to present a projectile which, when it strikes the target body, is broken down into fragments corresponding to the impact speed and has a defined residual body of the projectile. Another goal is the exclusion of toxic loads on the target body from the projectile material. The problem is solved with the aid of the characterizing features of the first claim. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are claimed in the subclaims.
- the projectile according to the invention consists of a jacket-free metal body with a front part which tapers towards the top of the projectile and a rear, essentially cylindrical part.
- a cave In the front, tapering part of the floor, a cave extends in the direction of its longitudinal axis, the cross-section of which gradually narrows.
- the top of the projectile is formed by a ram tappet that closes the cave entrance.
- the ram tappet consists of a head that closes the entrance to the cave, followed by a shaft that extends into the cave.
- the tapering part of the floor is broken open depending on the speed of impact along the steps. Since the edges of the gradations of the cross-section are not rounded, they act like predetermined breaking points due to the stress curve in the material and thus promote the disassembly of the projectile body from the entrance of the cave and thus the formation of splinters.
- the number of gradations of the diameter and the height of the steps dictate the number of dismantling steps and thus the size of the splinters. The higher the speed of impact and the greater the number of steps, the more the bullet is disassembled.
- the disassembly of the projectile body stops when the energy acting on the projectile body is no longer sufficient to disassemble. If the remaining body still has a sufficiently high kinetic energy, it emerges from the target body and leaves a reject, which leads to increased sweat loss in the game. This is considered desirable by some of the hunters because of the good traceability of the welding track.
- the cavity in the projectile body is divided into two areas, a first area with graduated diameters and a second area for receiving the shaft of the tappet.
- the shaft of the deforming break-off plunger is guided in this second region, so that it retreats in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the projectile body.
- the length of the shaft and the length of the second area of the cave are coordinated. The free path that the shaft can travel in the second part of the cave determines when the ram tappet and thus the splitting of the projectile body into fragments is stopped.
- the advantage of a double-conical shape of the head of the break-open ram is that the part of the head facing away from the shaft, which closes the cavity, improves the aerodynamics of the projectile body due to its conicity.
- the conical part of the head facing the shaft acts like a wedge, which widens the cavity wall, the front, tapering part of the projectile body, pushes it apart and tears it apart.
- the plunger is made of a softer material than the projectile body.
- the projectile body can consist, for example, of hard synthetic resins and metals such as copper, iron, tungsten, titanium, vanadium and the alloys of these metals
- the materials of the ram tappet are softer, for example tin, zinc, aluminum and plastics, for example made of polymers or polycarbonate .
- the advantage is that when the target body hits the target body, the head of the ram tappet deforms faster than that of the material of the projectile body.
- a soft material does not shatter, but deforms and, due to its plastic deformation, presses on the brittle material of the projectile body, which is thereby forced to tear and splinter.
- the length of the cave, the number of disassembly stages, their respective lengths, the gradations of the diameter, the shape of the head of the break-open ram and the length of the shaft can be matched to the nature of the target body and the achievable impact velocity of the projectile and thus advantageously
- the formation of a defined residual body and fragments of sufficient size contribute. Since the impact speed is a decisive factor for the dismantling of a projectile into fragments, the construction of the projectile must be such that the decomposition into fragments takes place in the correct place in the animal body, for example earlier in the case of roe deer, later in the case of strong hoofed game.
- the number of disassembly stages is smaller and the diameter stages are larger than, for example, in the case of projectiles intended for roe deer.
- a finer gradation of the diameter and a larger number of the disassembly stages can lead to an earlier disassembly and thus to the desired effect of the projectile.
- the shape of the head of the break-open plunger also influences the disassembly behavior of the projectile body. For example, a hole drilled in the tip of the projectile accelerates more or less the deformation of the projectile head and thus the energy release into the game body, the so-called projectile effect, which is more advantageous the lower the speed of impact of the projectile. If the tip of the head has a recess, be it a conical funnel or a trough-shaped depression, the head of the break-open plunger is expanded prematurely, which leads to a tearing open of the tapering part of the projectile body in the longitudinal direction.
- the tip of the head of the break-open plunger has a flat end face, this leads to a strong deformation of the head when it strikes the target body and thus to an abrupt widening of the diameter of the plunger and, as a result, to an immediate start of broadening of the tapered projectile part. If the tip of the head of the break-open plunger has no recess and, on the other hand, ends in a pointed or rounded shape, it will initially penetrate the target body more easily and only achieve the required diameter expansion to disassemble the projectile body due to the increasing pressure on the head.
- the shape of the tip of the head of the break-open plunger is said to give the projectile good aerodynamic properties on the one hand, but on the other hand also to contribute to the projectile dismantling meeting the requirements of the projectile. For this reason, the cone angle of the tip of the head is approximately between 35 ° and 65 °. A cone angle of approximately 40 ° has proven to be advantageous.
- the cone angle of the shaft part of the head has a significant part in the disassembly behavior of the projectile body. If the cone angle is too acute, the wedge action of the ram tappet is too low and if the impact speed is high there is a risk that the tappet will be pressed into the cavity without performing the expected dismantling work. If, on the other hand, the cone angle is too large, the resistance to the break-open plunger is too great at a low impact speed, and there is also insufficient disassembly of the projectile body. For this reason, the cone angle on the shaft part of the head must be matched to the gradation of the diameter and the number of diameter steps. The cone angle of the shaft part of the head is approximately between 90 ° and 130 °. A cone angle of approximately 120 ° has proven to be advantageous.
- the projectile body can have a coulter edge.
- a coulter edge on the floor ensures a clean shot, since the blanket of the game is not torn, but is punched out when shot.
- the entry opening which is approximately the size of a caliber, therefore ensures that the wound provides sweat as soon as it is inserted.
- the projectile body has at least one predetermined breaking point arranged on the circumference.
- This The predetermined breaking point is a groove on the circumference of the floor with a sharp notch in the groove base. The predetermined breaking point ensures that the fragmentation stops at this point when the projectile body splits and a defined residual body remains.
- the predetermined breaking point is usually in the area of the second part of the cave, in which the shaft of the ram is guided.
- the predetermined breaking point must be arranged in front of the coulter edge. Since the projectile is also provided with a groove to generate the coulter edge, the coulter edge could already disadvantageously act as the predetermined breaking point of the projectile. Since when the projectile enters the target body, the projectile begins to disassemble, the coulter edge will have passed the deer ceiling before the projectile disassembly has progressed to the predetermined breaking point.
- At least one relief groove for reducing the friction in the weapon barrel is arranged on the cylindrical part of the projectile body.
- the number of relief grooves depends on the size of the intended residual body. In the case of a residual body which, for example, makes up a third of the length of the projectile body, the arrangement of two elastic grooves is advantageous.
- the projectile body and the ram tappet are made of a lead-free material. Since lead and its alloys are considered toxic, the tissue interspersed with lead chippings is considered to be edible only to a limited extent.
- materials for the projectile and the ram tappet are used, such as plastic, and the metals copper, tin, zinc, iron, tungsten, titanium, silver, aluminum, tantalum, vanadium and possible alloys of the metals listed are in fragments penetrating the tissue are harmless and do not cause any toxic contamination of the tissue.
- FIG. 1 shows a partial dismantling floor according to the invention with a ram tappet, the tip of which is rounded,
- Figure 2 shows a ram tappet with a conical recess in the
- Figure 3 shows a break-open plunger, the tip of the head being trough-shaped
- Figure 4 shows a break-open ram with a flat end face of the head.
- a partial dismantling projectile 1 is shown in section on a greatly enlarged scale, which is composed of a projectile body 2 and a ram tappet 3.
- the projectile body 2 consists of a front, tapering part 4, an adjoining substantially cylindrical part 5 and a short rear cone extension 6.
- the tapering part 4 ends in a coulter edge 7. It is created by a circumferential puncture in the projectile body ,
- the bottom of the groove 8 is rounded.
- the wall 10 rises at an angle.
- the wall 10 rises at an angle.
- the predetermined breaking point 12 In front of the coulter edge 7, seen in the direction of flight 9, is the predetermined breaking point 12. It is an annular recess in the projectile body 2 with a pointed base.
- the predetermined breaking point 12 is an annular recess in the projectile body 2 with a pointed base.
- the cylindrical part 5 of the projectile body 2 has two relief grooves 14 for reducing the friction in the weapon barrel.
- the break-open plunger 3 is composed of a head 15 and an adjoining shaft 16.
- the shaft 16 is cylindrical in the present exemplary embodiment.
- the head 15 is divided into two conical halves, the tip 17 pointing in the direction of flight 9 and a conical part 18 facing the shaft 16.
- the tip 17 has a rounded shape 36.
- the tip 17 of the projectile 1 is thus formed by the head 15 of the break-open plunger 3.
- the cone angle 37 of the tip 17 is 40 ° in the present exemplary embodiment.
- the head 15 closes a cavity 19 in the front, tapering part 4 of the projectile body 2.
- This cavity 19 extends centrally to the longitudinal axis 20 of the projectile 2. It is divided into two regions 21 and 22, the first region 21 having graduated diameter ranges and the second region 22 is a cylindrical bore for receiving the cylindrically shaped shaft 16 of the break-open ram 3.
- the first region 21 of the cavity 19 has four stepped diameter regions 23, 24, 25 and 26.
- the gradations are the same length and decrease in diameter by the same amount.
- the gradations can also be of different lengths and the decrease in diameter can also take place in steps of different sizes.
- the entrance 27 of the cavity 19 opens conically and covers approximately half the length of the first stepped diameter region 23.
- the cavity entrance 27 is closed by the conical part 18 of the head 15 of the break-open ram 3.
- the cone angle 28 of the conical part 18 of the head 15 closing the cave entrance 27 is an obtuse angle, here 120 ° in contrast to the acute cone angle 29 of the cave entrance 27, which is 50 ° in the present example.
- the tip 17 of the break-open plunger 3 first penetrates the target body. The more acute the cone angle 37 of the tip 17, the deeper it penetrates the target body before its deformation begins.
- the conical part 18 of the head 15 of the break-open ram 3 acts like a wedge. The pressure that builds up on the break-open ram 3 pushes the break-open ram 3 into the cavity 19.
- the cavity wall, which is still thin in the area of the cavity entrance 27, is expanded. If the material's yield strength is exceeded, the material will tear open lengthways due to physical laws.
- the extent of disassembly of the projectile body can be controlled by the length of the shaft 16.
- the shaft 16 not only serves to guide the break-open plunger 3 by being guided in the second region 22 of the cavity 19, but also determines the point in time when it hits the bottom 32 of the bore 22. From this point on, the ram tappet 3 can no longer be moved, but only plastically deformed. It only flakes off splinters until the end of its deformation.
- Figures 2 to 4 show other possible forms of formation of a ram tappet.
- the cone angle 37 of the tips 17 is the same size in the three further exemplary embodiments and is also 40 °. In the shape of the tip 17 shown in FIG. 1, the projectile will first penetrate into the target body and only then will the disassembly be initiated due to the deformation of the projectile tip 17 which occurs.
- the tip 17 of the break-open ram 3 in FIG. 2 has a conical recess which is arranged centrally to the longitudinal axis 20.
- the material is torn open. The disassembly of the projectile is thus initiated much earlier than is the case, for example, according to the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1.
- the tip 17 of the break-open plunger 3 is shaped substantially differently according to the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 4.
- the tip 17 of the head 15 is a flat end face 35.
- this flat end face 35 strikes the target body, a very strong compression of the head 15 is initiated ,
- the disassembly of the projectile body is essentially caused by the material mass of the ram tappet 3 that compresses.
- the projectile will be disassembled much earlier than in the case of the Embodiment according to FIG. 1. This can be of advantage, for example, in game, in which a shallow depth of penetration is desired and a bullet is to be avoided, for example in deer.
- the disassembly of the projectile body occurs shortly after the projectile enters the target body.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
- Golf Clubs (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU58161/00A AU5816100A (en) | 1999-07-01 | 2000-06-20 | Partial fragmentation projectile |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1999130475 DE19930475A1 (de) | 1999-07-01 | 1999-07-01 | Teilzerlegungsgeschoß |
DE19930475.0 | 1999-07-01 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2001002792A2 true WO2001002792A2 (de) | 2001-01-11 |
WO2001002792A3 WO2001002792A3 (de) | 2002-10-03 |
Family
ID=7913381
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2000/005655 WO2001002792A2 (de) | 1999-07-01 | 2000-06-20 | Teilzerlegungsgeschoss |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AU (1) | AU5816100A (de) |
DE (1) | DE19930475A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2001002792A2 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001088460A1 (de) * | 2000-05-15 | 2001-11-22 | Ruag Munition | Kleinkaliber-deformationsgeschoss und verfahren zu dessen herstellung |
CZ304538B6 (cs) * | 2000-03-07 | 2014-06-25 | Dynamit Nobel Ammotec Gmbh | Deformovatelná střela |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002054007A1 (es) * | 2001-01-03 | 2002-07-11 | Juan Martinez Garcia | Proyectil subcalibrado para escopeta |
EP1502074B1 (de) | 2002-04-30 | 2009-11-18 | RUAG Ammotec GmbH | Teilzerlegungs- und deformationsgeschosse mit identischer treffpunktlage und verfahren zur herstellung eines solchen geschosses |
FR2846410B1 (fr) * | 2002-10-23 | 2007-01-05 | Jean Pierre Denis | Projectile pour arme rayee ou lisse |
DE10325547B4 (de) | 2003-06-05 | 2005-06-23 | Heckler & Koch Gmbh | Hohlspitzgeschoss |
CA2861961A1 (en) | 2011-12-07 | 2013-06-13 | Sme Engineering (Pty) Ltd | A bullet |
DE102012003682A1 (de) * | 2012-02-23 | 2014-02-13 | Frank Mayer | Bleifreies Expansions-Jagdgeschoss mit einstückigem Geschoss-Körper und unterschiedlicher Zahl von Führungs- bzw. Dicht-Ringen sowie verschiedenartig ausgebildeten Geschoss-Köpfen |
FI126940B (fi) * | 2013-03-08 | 2017-08-15 | Vesa Nurminen | Luoti ja menetelmä luodin laajentamiseksi sienettymällä |
EP2792993B1 (de) | 2013-04-15 | 2015-11-25 | H. Krieghoff GmbH | Geschoss |
DE102015001559A1 (de) | 2014-02-10 | 2015-08-13 | Ruag Ammotec Gmbh | Pb-freies Teilzerlegungsgeschoss mit Abtrennmechanismus zwischen Geschossheck und - Ogive |
DE102015110097B4 (de) | 2015-06-23 | 2022-07-14 | Kurt Pritz | Geschoss aus Zinnbronze Material |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE60850C (de) * | Firma J. P. SAUER & SOHN in Suhl, Thüringen | Gewehr-Geschofs mit beim Aufschlag sich ausbreitenden Lappen | ||
AT52613B (de) * | 1910-07-16 | 1912-03-11 | Kuno Bedenk | Färbender, insbesondere für Metalle geeigneter Lack. |
DE1905294B2 (de) * | 1969-02-04 | 1976-01-29 | Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf | Geschoss |
DE2530155A1 (de) * | 1975-07-05 | 1977-02-03 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Geschoss, insbesondere fuer faustfeuerwaffen und maschinenpistolen |
DE2650136A1 (de) * | 1976-10-30 | 1978-05-11 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Geschoss, insbesondere fuer faustfeuer- und langwaffen |
DE2728040A1 (de) * | 1977-06-22 | 1979-01-11 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Geschoss, insbesondere fuer faustfeuer- und langwaffen |
GB1590600A (en) * | 1976-10-30 | 1981-06-03 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Bullet |
DE2839372A1 (de) * | 1978-09-09 | 1980-03-27 | Schirnecker Hans Ludwig | Geschoss, insbesondere fuer jagdzwecke |
DE2843167A1 (de) * | 1978-10-04 | 1980-04-17 | Schirnecker Hans Ludwig | Geschoss, insbesondere jagdgeschoss |
EP0015574B1 (de) * | 1979-03-10 | 1983-09-14 | Hans-Ludwig Schirneker | Geschoss, beispielsweise für Jagdzwecke, und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
JPS61250500A (ja) * | 1985-04-27 | 1986-11-07 | 真木 長俊 | 散弾銃用スラグ装弾に用いる充填片 |
US4665827A (en) * | 1985-12-24 | 1987-05-19 | Ellis Ii Robert K | Expandable bullet |
DE4024543C2 (de) * | 1990-08-02 | 1998-10-08 | Diehl Stiftung & Co | Geschoß |
DE19711344C2 (de) * | 1997-03-18 | 1999-04-01 | Rudolf Koeppen | Hochgeschwindigkeits-Hohlzylindergeschoß mit integriertem Treibspiegel für Feuerwaffen |
FR2771167B1 (fr) * | 1997-11-20 | 1999-12-10 | Giat Ind Sa | Balle expansive |
-
1999
- 1999-07-01 DE DE1999130475 patent/DE19930475A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2000
- 2000-06-20 AU AU58161/00A patent/AU5816100A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-06-20 WO PCT/EP2000/005655 patent/WO2001002792A2/de active Search and Examination
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CZ304538B6 (cs) * | 2000-03-07 | 2014-06-25 | Dynamit Nobel Ammotec Gmbh | Deformovatelná střela |
WO2001088460A1 (de) * | 2000-05-15 | 2001-11-22 | Ruag Munition | Kleinkaliber-deformationsgeschoss und verfahren zu dessen herstellung |
KR100709299B1 (ko) * | 2000-05-15 | 2007-04-20 | 루아그 암모텍 | 소구경 변형 발사체 및 그 생산 방법 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU5816100A (en) | 2001-01-22 |
DE19930475A1 (de) | 2001-01-04 |
WO2001002792A3 (de) | 2002-10-03 |
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