WO2000034771A1 - Procede de detection d'hydrogene sulfure ou d'ion sulfure et procede de detection de substance specifique utilisant le premier procede - Google Patents
Procede de detection d'hydrogene sulfure ou d'ion sulfure et procede de detection de substance specifique utilisant le premier procede Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2000034771A1 WO2000034771A1 PCT/JP1999/006847 JP9906847W WO0034771A1 WO 2000034771 A1 WO2000034771 A1 WO 2000034771A1 JP 9906847 W JP9906847 W JP 9906847W WO 0034771 A1 WO0034771 A1 WO 0034771A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ion
- sulfide
- hydrogen sulfide
- metal
- specific substance
- Prior art date
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- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- -1 sulfide ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 53
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cysteine Natural products SCC(N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 235000018417 cysteine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 28
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 27
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 27
- FFFHZYDWPBMWHY-VKHMYHEASA-N L-homocysteine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCS FFFHZYDWPBMWHY-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N β‐Mercaptoethanol Chemical compound OCCS DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- UFULAYFCSOUIOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N cysteamine Chemical compound NCCS UFULAYFCSOUIOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960003151 mercaptamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- VHJLVAABSRFDPM-QWWZWVQMSA-N dithiothreitol Chemical compound SC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CS VHJLVAABSRFDPM-QWWZWVQMSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PJUIMOJAAPLTRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N monothioglycerol Chemical compound OCC(O)CS PJUIMOJAAPLTRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940035024 thioglycerol Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000151 cysteine group Chemical group N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)* 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N L-Cysteine Chemical compound SC[C@H](N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 23
- 230000009918 complex formation Effects 0.000 description 21
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229960004452 methionine Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-methionine Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 8
- ZTVZLYBCZNMWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N homocystine Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C([NH3+])CCSSCCC([NH3+])C([O-])=O ZTVZLYBCZNMWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- GACDQMDRPRGCTN-KQYNXXCUSA-N 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate Chemical compound C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OS(O)(=O)=O)[C@@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H]1O GACDQMDRPRGCTN-KQYNXXCUSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 108090000856 Lyases Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 102000004317 Lyases Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229930182817 methionine Natural products 0.000 description 5
- FFFHZYDWPBMWHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N L-Homocysteine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCS FFFHZYDWPBMWHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N L-Methionine Natural products CSCCC(N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LEVWYRKDKASIDU-IMJSIDKUSA-N L-cystine Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)[C@@H]([NH3+])CSSC[C@H]([NH3+])C([O-])=O LEVWYRKDKASIDU-IMJSIDKUSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229930195722 L-methionine Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 241000219315 Spinacia Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000009337 Spinacia oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229960003067 cystine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 4
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RBTBFTRPCNLSDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 RBTBFTRPCNLSDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000004201 L-cysteine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013878 L-cysteine Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229960002089 ferrous chloride Drugs 0.000 description 3
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229960000907 methylthioninium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HAXFWIACAGNFHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N aldrithiol Chemical compound C=1C=CC=NC=1SSC1=CC=CC=N1 HAXFWIACAGNFHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009034 developmental inhibition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002523 gelfiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BQGXXEGJJMEZMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(n-ethyl-3-hydroxy-4-nitrosoanilino)propane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CCCN(CC)C1=CC=C(N=O)C(O)=C1 BQGXXEGJJMEZMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZRWWAYVITZYRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[4-[(5-bromopyridin-2-yl)diazenyl]-3-hydroxy-N-propylanilino]propane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OC1=CC(N(CCCS(O)(=O)=O)CCC)=CC=C1N=NC1=CC=C(Br)C=N1 BZRWWAYVITZYRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010065559 Cerebral arteriosclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010076010 Cystathionine beta-lyase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010083493 Cysteine lyase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000005189 Embolism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004158 L-cystine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019393 L-cystine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrogen dioxide Chemical class O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FCXZBWSIAGGPCB-YFKPBYRVSA-N O-acetyl-L-homoserine Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC[C@H]([NH3+])C([O-])=O FCXZBWSIAGGPCB-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000589516 Pseudomonas Species 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000006011 Stroke Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 208000001435 Thromboembolism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012472 biological sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000002676 cerebral atherosclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010008118 cerebral infarction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000026106 cerebrovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001429 cobalt ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000029078 coronary artery disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001944 cysteine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XEYBHCRIKKKOSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium;azanylidyneoxidanium;iron(2+);pentacyanide Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Fe+2].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].[O+]#N XEYBHCRIKKKOSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006911 enzymatic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl mercaptane Natural products CCS DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001641 gel filtration chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003840 hydrochlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000005851 intracranial arteriosclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004255 ion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006371 metabolic abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000010125 myocardial infarction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940083618 sodium nitroprusside Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004174 sulfur cycle Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/527—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving lyase
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
- G01N31/22—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using chemical indicators
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
- G01N31/22—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using chemical indicators
- G01N31/223—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using chemical indicators for investigating presence of specific gases or aerosols
- G01N31/224—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using chemical indicators for investigating presence of specific gases or aerosols for investigating presence of dangerous gases
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
- G01N33/0036—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector specially adapted to detect a particular component
- G01N33/0044—Sulphides, e.g. H2S
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/18—Sulfur containing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/18—Sulfur containing
- Y10T436/182—Organic or sulfhydryl containing [e.g., mercaptan, hydrogen, sulfide, etc.]
Definitions
- the present invention provides a method for simply and sensitively quantifying hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion in a sample by utilizing a promotion or inhibition reaction of complex formation between a metal ion and a metal indicator by hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion, And a method for generating hydrogen sulfide from a specific substance in a sample, measuring the hydrogen sulfide or a sulfide ion derived from the hydrogen sulfide by the above-described quantitative method, and quantifying the specific substance simply and with high sensitivity.
- Background art
- Sulfur is one of the elements that plays an important role in nature.
- sulfur-containing amino acids such as cysteine and methionine play a large role as constituents.
- cysteine and methionine play a large role as constituents.
- sulfur is taken up in the form of sulfate ions and reduced to sulfide ions, after which cysteine synthesis proceeds, followed by methionine synthesis.
- methionine is ingested from food through the food chain and metabolized to cysteine in vivo. In this metabolic process, homocystin is produced as an intermediate.
- Homocysteine is an intermediate metabolite that is almost absent in normal circumstances, but it has been reported that the higher the blood concentration, the higher the incidence of coronary artery disease and stroke. For this reason, the amount of homocysteine in the blood is being recognized as a risk factor that is useful for predicting the occurrence of thromboembolism such as myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction, or atherosclerosis.
- cysteine is an amino acid produced by the metabolism of methionine, it can serve as an auxiliary index for understanding the cause of homocysteine metabolism abnormality.
- hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ions derived from hydrogen sulfide is also important as an indicator of environmental pollution such as air pollution and water pollution of rivers. By measuring, the contamination status can be confirmed.
- one object of the present invention is to provide a simpler and more sensitive method for quantitative determination of hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion.
- Another object of the present invention is to generate hydrogen sulfide from a specific substance in a sample, measure the hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion derived therefrom by the above-described quantitative method, and determine the specific substance in a simple and highly sensitive manner. The purpose is to provide a method for quantitative determination.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to achieve the above object, and have found that hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ions utilize the action of inhibiting or promoting the color reaction between metal ions and metal indicators to reduce sulfide in the sample. Simple and highly sensitive hydrogen or sulfide ion They have found that they can be quantified, and have completed the present invention.
- a sample containing hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion reacts with a metal ion or a compound that releases the metal ion, and forms a color by reacting with the metal ion. It is intended to provide a method for quantifying hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion, characterized by adding a metal indicator inhibited or promoted by hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion, and measuring the coloring intensity of the metal indicator.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide, in a sample containing a specific substance, a component which acts on the specific substance to generate hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion; a metal ion or a compound which releases the metal ion; A specific substance characterized by reacting with a metal ion to form a color, adding a metal indicator whose color forming reaction is inhibited or promoted by the hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion, and measuring the color intensity by the metal indicator. It provides a quantification method.
- hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion can be quantified simply and highly sensitively by utilizing the promotion or inhibition reaction of the complex formation of a metal ion and a metal indicator by sulfide ion.
- a sample containing a specific substance is subjected to a component that acts on the specific substance to generate hydrogen sulfide or a sulfide ion. Specific substances in the sample can be determined easily and with high sensitivity.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the results of quantification of sulfide ions by the color development inhibition method.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the results of quantification of sulfide ion by the color development promotion method.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the results of quantification of homocysteine by the color development promoting method.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the results of quantification of cysteine by the color development promoting method.
- the method for determining hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion of the present invention utilizes the action of inhibiting the color reaction between a metal ion and a metal indicator. That is, metal sulfide is generated by bringing hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion present in the sample into contact with metal ion, and at the same time, the metal ion is reacted with the metal indicator to measure the coloring intensity, thereby obtaining the metal ion. Determine the amount of complex formed by the reaction between carbon and metal indicator.
- the above-mentioned amount of complex formation is subtracted from the amount of complex formation obtained when the metal ion and the metal indicator are reacted.
- the amount by which the amount of complex formation is reduced by the property of the metal without complex formation is determined.
- the amount by which the amount of complex formation has decreased corresponds to the amount of hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ions present in the sample. Therefore, the content of hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion in the sample can be calculated based on the decrease in the amount of complex formation.
- the amount of complex formation when the metal ion is reacted with the metal indicator under the same conditions as above except for L where hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion is not present is calculated by subtracting
- the increase in the amount of complex formation is determined. This increase in the amount of complex formation was due to the promotion of the reaction between the metal ion and the metal indicator by the hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion, so that the amount corresponding to the hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion was Amount. Therefore, the content of hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion in the sample can be calculated based on the increase in the amount of complex formation.
- the metal ion is not particularly limited as long as it inhibits or promotes the color reaction between the metal ion and the metal indicator by hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion.
- Zinc ion is preferably used as a substance that inhibits the color development reaction, and a divalent or trivalent Iron ions are preferably used.
- hydrochlorides, sulfates, acetates and the like of the above metals are used, but are not particularly limited as long as they dissolve in an aqueous solution to generate free metal ions.
- the metal indicator used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a substance that inhibits or promotes a color reaction with the metal ion by hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion. Those are preferred, and for example, pyridylazo compounds and nitrosaminophenol compounds are preferably used.
- pyridylazo compound 2- (5-promo-2-pyridylazo) -1-5- [NN-propyl-N- (3-sulfopropyl) amino] phenol'sodium salt (Trade name: 5Br.PAPS, hereinafter abbreviated as 5Br.PAPS) or 2— (5-nitro-1-pyridylazo) —5— [N—N—propyl—N — (3-Sulfopropyl) amino] phenol'sodium salt (trade name: Nitro'PAPS) is preferably used.
- Nitrosaminophenol compounds include 2-nitroso-5- [NNN-propyl-N- (3-sulfopropyl) amino] phenol (trade name: N itroso. PS AP), 2-Nitroso 5- [N-ethyl-N- (3-sulfopropyl) amino] phenol (trade name: N itroso 'E SAP) is preferably used. These are water-soluble and have the property of forming a complex with zinc ions, copper ions, cobalt ions, iron ions, and the like, and coloring with high sensitivity. As these metal indicators, those having various characteristics are commercially available, and can be obtained, for example, from Dojin Chemical Laboratory Co., Ltd.
- the specific substance in the present invention may be any substance capable of producing hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion by an enzymatic reaction or the like, and preferably includes homocysteine cystine.
- the component that generates hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion from the specific substance is an enzyme that acts on homocysteine to generate hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion (E1 ) Is used.
- an enzyme that acts on homocysteine to generate hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion (E1 ) Is used.
- Examples include L-methionine arylase (enzyme number EC class 4.4.1.11) and 0-acetylhomoserine monolyase (enzyme number EC class 4.2.99). O-Acetyl homoserine-lyase is preferably used.
- L-methionine lyase decomposes (eliminates) homocystin to generate hydrogen sulfide, but in the presence of a thiol compound, catalyzes the 7-substitution reaction.
- It is known as an enzyme having. This enzyme can be obtained from a microorganism that produces it, for example, a bacterium belonging to the genus Pseudomonas. Some enzymes are commercially available and can be obtained from, for example, Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- 0-Acetylhomoserine-lyase is known as an enzyme having an amino acid synthesizing action (for example, an action of producing homocystin from 0-acetylhomoserine and hydrogen sulfide and producing methionine from methylthiol). (See Enzyme Handbook, supervised by Maruo et al., Asakura Shoten, 1982).
- the present inventors have newly found a catalytic action to generate hydrogen sulfide by an a-substitution reaction when 0-acetyl homoserine lyase is allowed to act on homocystin in the presence of a thiol compound (Japanese Patent Application Hei 1 0—3 4 7 0 0 3).
- Substrate specificity It acts on L-homocysteine and L-methionine. L-cysteine reacts slightly as a substitution reaction.
- the component that generates hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion from the specific substance is an enzyme that acts on cysteine to generate hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion (E2 ) Is used.
- an enzyme for example, 0-acetylserine-lyase, ⁇ -cyanoalanine synthase, cysteine lyase, and the like, particularly 0-acetylserine-lyase, are preferably used.
- 0-Acetylserine-lyase is known as an enzyme having a cysteine synthesizing action (an action of producing cysteine from 0-acetylserine and hydrogen sulfide).
- the present inventors have newly found a catalytic action to produce hydrogen sulfide by 5-substitution reaction when 0-acetylsylserine is allowed to act on cysteine in the presence of a thiol compound (Japanese Patent Application Japanese Patent Application Publication No. Hei 11-184350). This effect is specific to cysteine.
- o-Acetylserine-lyase is obtained from microorganisms producing it (eg, Burnell et al., Biochim. Biophys.
- the physicochemical properties of 0-acetylserine lyase obtained from spinach according to the method described are as follows. In the following physicochemical properties, items other than the molecular weight were obtained by the present inventors.
- -;-3-cyanoalanine synthase has a catalytic effect of producing hydrogen sulfide by a 5-substitution reaction when it acts on cysteine in the presence of cyanide; and cystin lyase is present in the presence of sulfite ion. It is known that when it acts on cysteine, it has a catalytic action to generate hydrogen sulfide by a 3-substitution reaction.
- the thiol compound used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can perform a substitution reaction, such as methanethiol, 2-mercaptoethanol, dithiothreitol, thioglycerol, and cysteamine. Examples include mercaptoethanol and cysteamine.
- reaction in the method for measuring hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion of the present invention can be represented by the following chemical formula 1 and chemical formula 2 when expressed by formulas.
- Reaction D metal ion + sulfide ion + metal indicator
- reaction A indicates that in the absence of a sulfide ion, a metal ion (for example, a zinc ion) and a metal indicator (for example, a pyridylazo compound) rapidly form a complex to form a color. .
- a metal ion for example, a zinc ion
- a metal indicator for example, a pyridylazo compound
- reaction B a metal ion (eg, zinc ion) and a sulfide ion are brought into contact in advance to generate a metal sulfide (eg, zinc sulfide), so that the generated compound (zinc sulfide) is complexed with the metal indicator. Can not be formed, and the coloring value decreases accordingly. Therefore, the hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion can be measured by calculating the decrease in the coloring value.
- a metal ion eg, zinc ion
- a sulfide ion eg, zinc sulfide
- a combination of a metal ion that reacts with a sulfide ion to form a stable metal sulfide and a metal indicator that quickly forms a complex with the metal ion examples include a combination of a zinc ion and a pyridylazo compound.
- a measurement method using the principle of the above chemical formula 1 is referred to as a color inhibition method.
- the reaction C is, for example, a neutral to weakly alkaline (pH 7.0 to 9.0)
- Metal ions eg, iron ions
- gold in a suitable buffer A state in which the formation of a complex between the metal ion and the metal indicator is inhibited by the coexistence of a genus indicator (for example, a pyridylazo compound or a nitrosaminophenol compound) and color development does not occur.
- a genus indicator for example, a pyridylazo compound or a nitrosaminophenol compound
- Reaction D shows that when sulfide ions are added under such conditions, the complex formation is promoted according to the sulfide ion concentration, and the color development value is increased accordingly. Therefore, hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion can be measured by calculating the amount of increase in the coloring value.
- a combination of a metal ion and a metal indicator include a combination of an iron ion with a pyridylazo compound or a nitrosoaminophenol compound.
- a measuring method using the principle of the above chemical formula 2 is referred to as a color development promoting method.
- reaction mechanism of the above-described color development accelerating method is inferred by a combination of an iron ion and a pyridylazo compound, it can be considered as follows.
- divalent and trivalent iron ions can be co-existed in a neutral to weakly alkaline (pH 7.0 to 9.0) buffer solution in advance.
- the reaction with the metal indicator is inhibited by the formation of a complex by the iron ions themselves in the solution.
- divalent iron ions under the above conditions, in addition to complex formation, they are susceptible to oxidation by oxygen, and as a result, they are considered to be present as trivalent iron ions.
- trivalent iron ions When sulfide ions are added to and coexist with the iron ions in this state, trivalent iron ions are reduced to divalent iron ions by the reducing power of the sulfide ions, so that the iron ions can react with the pyridylazo compound, resulting in color development. Is considered to be recognized.
- some metal indicators do not easily form a complex with trivalent iron ions. It is believed that the principle can be applied.
- a metal ion that can be reacted with a metal indicator by being reduced by a sulfide ion does not react with a metal indicator by, for example, setting a solution of the metal ion under appropriate conditions.
- a sulfide ion is added to change the state from the non-reactive state to the reactive state and react with the metal indicator.
- the color development accelerating method of the present invention can be achieved by combining the above-mentioned metal ions with an appropriate metal indicator.
- the reaction in the measuring method can be represented by the following chemical formula 3 when expressed by a formula.
- reaction E is caused by the action of an enzyme (E 1) (eg, o-acetyl homoserine monolyase) that catalyzes the action of generating a hydrogen sulfide by acting on homocysteine to generate hydrogen sulfide.
- an enzyme (E 2) eg, o-acetyl homoserine monolyase
- Reaction F also shows that an enzyme (E 2) (0-acetylserine monolyase), which catalyzes the action of generating sulfide by acting on cystine, is caused to generate hydrogen sulfide.
- homocysteine and cysteine can be quantified by measuring the generated hydrogen sulfide using the reaction represented by the above chemical formula 1 or chemical formula 2.
- Example 1 Quantitative determination of sulfide ion by color development inhibition method
- sample The following were used as samples and reagents. sample:
- the first reagent 9001 was added to 50 ⁇ l of the sample, left at room temperature for 5 minutes, and then the second reagent 501 was added and left at room temperature for 5 minutes. Thereafter, the absorbance of the reaction solution was measured at a wavelength of 550 nm.
- Figure 1 shows the results.
- the first reagent 600 ⁇ 1 was added to sample 201, left at 37 ° C for 10 minutes, and then the second reagent 1601 was added and left at 37 ° C for 5 minutes. Further, the third reagent 201 was added thereto, left at room temperature for 5 minutes, and the absorbance of the reaction solution was measured at a wavelength of 550 nm.
- Figure 2 shows the results.
- E 1 used for the determination of homocystin
- GCS Bacillus
- titer used was the value indicated by the manufacturer.
- 0-acetylserine-lyase from spinach was used as the enzyme (E 2) used for cystine determination.
- 0-Acetylserine monolyase was prepared according to the method of Yamaguchi et al. (Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1251; 91-98 (1995)).
- an enzyme of about 4.0000 units was prepared and used after extraction from 2 kg of spinach leaves, ion exchange chromatography, hydrophobic chromatography, and gel filtration chromatography.
- the titer was measured by the method described in the literature.
- o-Acetyl homoserine-lyase (UNITICA) 3 u / m 1
- EDT A (pH 7.0) 200 mM
- the first reagent 600 ⁇ 1 was added to the sample 201, left at 37 ° C for 10 minutes, and then the second reagent 160/1 was added and left at 37 ° C for 5 minutes. Further, the third reagent 20/1 was added thereto, left at room temperature for 5 minutes, and the absorbance of the reaction solution was measured at a wavelength of 550 nm.
- Figure 4 shows the results.
- hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ions in a sample can be easily and sensitively quantified.
- the specific substance in the sample can be determined simply and with high sensitivity. Therefore, it can be used for a method for quantifying homocysteine, cysteine and the like in a biological sample, for example.
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Description
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Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP99973327A EP1143244B1 (en) | 1998-12-07 | 1999-12-07 | Method for determination of hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion and method for determination of specific substance utilizing said method |
AT99973327T ATE290207T1 (de) | 1998-12-07 | 1999-12-07 | Verfahren zur bestimmung von schwefelwasserstoff oder von sulfidionen und verfahren zur bestimmung gewisser substanzen mit hilfe dieses verfahrens |
US09/856,790 US6969613B1 (en) | 1998-12-07 | 1999-12-07 | Method for determination of hydrogen sulfide or sulfide ion and method for determination of specific substance utilizing said method |
DE69924017T DE69924017T2 (de) | 1998-12-07 | 1999-12-07 | Verfahren zur bestimmung von schwefelwasserstoff oder von sulfidionen und verfahren zur bestimmung gewisser substanzen mit hilfe dieses verfahrens |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP10/347003 | 1998-12-07 | ||
JP34700398A JP4233160B2 (ja) | 1998-12-07 | 1998-12-07 | ホモシステインの定量法 |
JP08403599A JP4286371B2 (ja) | 1999-03-26 | 1999-03-26 | ホモシステインの定量法 |
JP11/84035 | 1999-03-26 | ||
JP14784899A JP4044702B2 (ja) | 1999-05-27 | 1999-05-27 | 硫化水素又は硫化物イオンの定量法及びそれを利用した特定物質の定量法 |
JP11/147848 | 1999-05-27 |
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WO2000034771A1 true WO2000034771A1 (fr) | 2000-06-15 |
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PCT/JP1999/006847 WO2000034771A1 (fr) | 1998-12-07 | 1999-12-07 | Procede de detection d'hydrogene sulfure ou d'ion sulfure et procede de detection de substance specifique utilisant le premier procede |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US6969613B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1143244B1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100639059B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1178061C (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE290207T1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69924017T2 (ja) |
TW (1) | TW546475B (ja) |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002002802A1 (fr) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-10 | Azwell Inc. | Procede de mesure d'homocysteine totale |
WO2004074477A1 (ja) * | 2003-02-19 | 2004-09-02 | Alfresa Pharma Corporation | ホモシステインの測定方法 |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7244620B2 (en) * | 2003-12-24 | 2007-07-17 | Daiichi Pure Chemicals Co., Ltd. | Method for quantitatively determining a reducing substance and a reagent for quantitative determination |
US7198890B2 (en) | 2004-01-13 | 2007-04-03 | Daiichi Pure Chemicals Co., Ltd. | Method for quantitatively determining homocysteine and a reagent for quantitative determination of homocysteine |
US9422160B1 (en) | 2005-10-28 | 2016-08-23 | Element One, Inc. | Method of making a hydrogen sensing pigment |
CN101101264B (zh) * | 2007-07-26 | 2010-04-14 | 四川大学 | 海水中硫化物的自动分析方法 |
WO2009070760A1 (en) * | 2007-11-26 | 2009-06-04 | Element One, Inc. | Hydrogen sulfide indicating pigments |
GB201713017D0 (en) * | 2017-08-14 | 2017-09-27 | Innospec Ltd | Kit and method |
CN109632677B (zh) * | 2019-02-20 | 2022-01-07 | 深圳锦秀大唐环保科技有限公司 | 用于分光光度法测定的吸收剂及其制备方法 |
CN113125432A (zh) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-07-16 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | 以金属离子溶液检测硫化物含量的方法 |
TWI766341B (zh) * | 2019-12-30 | 2022-06-01 | 財團法人工業技術研究院 | 以金屬離子溶液檢測硫化物含量的方法 |
CN111518564A (zh) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-08-11 | 代彦霞 | 一种用于降低土壤中迁移态铅离子的材料及其制备方法 |
Citations (3)
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JPS5499494A (en) * | 1978-01-23 | 1979-08-06 | Nippon Yuka Kougiyou Kk | Preparation of test paper for measuring sulfuric ion |
JPS63247656A (ja) * | 1987-02-03 | 1988-10-14 | マイルス・インコーポレーテッド | チオール化合物を検出するのに有用な分析試薬、及びそれを用いた検出方法 |
JPH06160368A (ja) * | 1992-11-18 | 1994-06-07 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 硫黄分の分析方法及びその装置 |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4174202A (en) * | 1977-11-28 | 1979-11-13 | The Dow Chemical Company | Kit and method for testing liquids for hydrogen sulfide content |
ES2153376T3 (es) * | 1991-12-25 | 2001-03-01 | Iatron Lab | Metodo de ensayo de metales presentes en una muestra biologica, y reactivo para el mismo. |
EP0584568A1 (en) * | 1992-08-25 | 1994-03-02 | Eastman Kodak Company | System of detecting and measuring sulfides in a sample |
GB9617683D0 (en) * | 1996-08-23 | 1996-10-02 | Univ Glasgow | Homocysteine desulphurase |
US5985540A (en) * | 1997-07-24 | 1999-11-16 | Anticancer, Inc. | High specificity homocysteine assays for biological samples |
US6107100A (en) * | 1998-04-30 | 2000-08-22 | Metaquant Trust | Compounds and methods for determination of thiols |
-
1999
- 1999-11-25 TW TW088120574A patent/TW546475B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-12-07 AT AT99973327T patent/ATE290207T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-12-07 CN CNB998141445A patent/CN1178061C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-12-07 DE DE69924017T patent/DE69924017T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-07 WO PCT/JP1999/006847 patent/WO2000034771A1/ja active IP Right Grant
- 1999-12-07 US US09/856,790 patent/US6969613B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-07 KR KR1020017007016A patent/KR100639059B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-12-07 EP EP99973327A patent/EP1143244B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5499494A (en) * | 1978-01-23 | 1979-08-06 | Nippon Yuka Kougiyou Kk | Preparation of test paper for measuring sulfuric ion |
JPS63247656A (ja) * | 1987-02-03 | 1988-10-14 | マイルス・インコーポレーテッド | チオール化合物を検出するのに有用な分析試薬、及びそれを用いた検出方法 |
JPH06160368A (ja) * | 1992-11-18 | 1994-06-07 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | 硫黄分の分析方法及びその装置 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002002802A1 (fr) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-10 | Azwell Inc. | Procede de mesure d'homocysteine totale |
WO2004074477A1 (ja) * | 2003-02-19 | 2004-09-02 | Alfresa Pharma Corporation | ホモシステインの測定方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR100639059B1 (ko) | 2006-10-27 |
ATE290207T1 (de) | 2005-03-15 |
US6969613B1 (en) | 2005-11-29 |
TW546475B (en) | 2003-08-11 |
CN1329720A (zh) | 2002-01-02 |
DE69924017D1 (de) | 2005-04-07 |
EP1143244A1 (en) | 2001-10-10 |
CN1178061C (zh) | 2004-12-01 |
DE69924017T2 (de) | 2005-09-08 |
KR20010101130A (ko) | 2001-11-14 |
EP1143244A4 (en) | 2002-09-18 |
EP1143244B1 (en) | 2005-03-02 |
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