WO2000019503A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von transistoren - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von transistoren Download PDFInfo
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- WO2000019503A1 WO2000019503A1 PCT/EP1999/005942 EP9905942W WO0019503A1 WO 2000019503 A1 WO2000019503 A1 WO 2000019503A1 EP 9905942 W EP9905942 W EP 9905942W WO 0019503 A1 WO0019503 A1 WO 0019503A1
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- doped
- zone
- semiconductor substrate
- forming
- transistor
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 48
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000407 epitaxy Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- -1 phosphorus ions Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 206010034972 Photosensitivity reaction Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000036211 photosensitivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66007—Multistep manufacturing processes
- H01L29/66075—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials
- H01L29/66227—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials the devices being controllable only by the electric current supplied or the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched, e.g. three-terminal devices
- H01L29/66234—Bipolar junction transistors [BJT]
- H01L29/66272—Silicon vertical transistors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/77—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate
- H01L21/78—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices
- H01L21/82—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components
- H01L21/822—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components the substrate being a semiconductor, using silicon technology
- H01L21/8222—Bipolar technology
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/77—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate
- H01L21/78—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices
- H01L21/82—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components
- H01L21/822—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components or integrated circuits formed in, or on, a common substrate with subsequent division of the substrate into plural individual devices to produce devices, e.g. integrated circuits, each consisting of a plurality of components the substrate being a semiconductor, using silicon technology
- H01L21/8222—Bipolar technology
- H01L21/8226—Bipolar technology comprising merged transistor logic or integrated injection logic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers
- H01L27/0203—Particular design considerations for integrated circuits
- H01L27/0214—Particular design considerations for integrated circuits for internal polarisation, e.g. I2L
- H01L27/0229—Particular design considerations for integrated circuits for internal polarisation, e.g. I2L of bipolar structures
- H01L27/0233—Integrated injection logic structures [I2L]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers
- H01L27/04—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body
- H01L27/08—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body including only semiconductor components of a single kind
- H01L27/082—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being a semiconductor body including only semiconductor components of a single kind including bipolar components only
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing transistors capable of integration. _
- a sub-collector zone also referred to as a buried layer
- a p-doped semiconductor substrate by means of which the collector path resistance of the transistor can be effectively reduced.
- the semiconductor substrate is then coated with an epitaxial n-type layer. Thereafter, electrically isolated areas are partitioned off in the epitaxial layer. These so-called epi islands are isolated via reverse pn junctions, which are created by deeply diffused p-zones. Further diffusion steps follow, with which the base and emitter regions of the NPN bipolar transistor are defined. The contacting for the transistor connections is then carried out.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a simplified method for producing transistors of different types in a common production process.
- the decisive advantage of the method according to the invention is that an epitaxy and isolation process as in the standard bipolar process is no longer necessary.
- an n-doped well is produced in the preferably weakly p-doped semiconductor substrate by means of high-voltage implantation.
- the ion implantation is carried out with an energy which is sufficiently high that a p-doped inner zone remains on the surface of the semiconductor substrate, while the edge zone of the n-doped well extends to the surface of the semiconductor substrate.
- the p-doped inner zone is generated by compensating the back-scattered ions with p-doping substances.
- the compensation can take place by means of ion implantation or diffusion with or over a large area without a mask.
- an n-doped semiconductor substrate can also be assumed. In this case, all implantations are replaced by the complementary species, i.e. n-implantations against p-implantations and vice versa.
- the semiconductor substrate is preferably a weakly p-doped or n-doped semiconductor substrate.
- both NPN and PNP transistors of various designs can be manufactured.
- further n-doped and / or p-doped zones forming the structure of the transistor are introduced into the p-doped inner zone of the semiconductor substrate.
- a mask is applied to the semiconductor substrate, which defines a window that is delimited by a peripheral edge.
- a deep-lying n-doped well is introduced into the semiconductor substrate by means of ion implantation, the edge zone of which extends to the surface of the semiconductor substrate.
- the formation of the edge zone reaching as far as the semiconductor substrate surface is due to the fact that the ions adhere to a vertical edge and be braked to different degrees on an inclined edge.
- an NPN transistor can be created easily by simply creating a p-doped zone with a stronger doping than that of the semiconductor substrate in the p-doped inner zone of the semiconductor substrate. This p-doped zone of stronger doping then forms the base of the transistor.
- an n-doped zone is created in the p-doped inner zone. This forms the base of the transistor.
- a preferably highly p-doped zone forming the emitter of the transistor is generated in the n-doped zone enclosed by the p-doped inner zone. The p-doped inner zone then forms the collector of the transistor.
- n-doped and / or p-doped zones can be produced in the semiconductor substrate using the known process steps.
- the zones near the surface are advantageously introduced by means of ion implantation.
- the areas in which ions are to be implanted can be defined using the known masking processes.
- the mask material can consist of photoresist, metal, glass or other materials.
- the structure of the zones to be doped defined by means of masks is preferably created by lithographic methods. Combinations of lithographs and etching are also possible.
- NPN transistor For the ohmic contact of the transistor connections, further n-doped and / or p-doped transition zones with a stronger doping can be introduced into the semiconductor structure.
- An NPN transistor can also be created by producing an n-doped zone in the p-doped inner zone, which zone forms the emitter of the transistor. In this embodiment, the p-doped inner zone then forms the base and the n-doped well the collector of the transistor. It has been shown that this NPN transistor has a high gain.
- I 2 L elements Integrated Injection Logic
- field effect transistors can also be created without great manufacturing effort.
- logic gates with a high packing density can also be produced starting from this semiconductor structure.
- the active areas of the logic gates in the semiconductor structure must be separated.
- the semiconductor structure with the raised trough also allows the production of light-sensitive diodes and transistors without great manufacturing effort.
- the separation can be done by ion implantation using an additional mask. This ensures that the area of the tub covered by the mask is pulled upwards. Above the raised tub area, either an n-doped zone or an oxide layer is produced in the p " -doped inner zone, which extends to the tub. Instead of being covered by a mask, the tub can also be pulled up with a previously performed local oxidation. Alternatively, the active regions can also be separated by n-doped zones which extend into the trough.Another possibility of separation is to provide the semiconductor substrate with incisions which extend into the trough (trench insulation).
- FIGS. 1 a to 1 c the step of producing an n-doped well in the semiconductor substrate by means of high-voltage implantation, the mask defining the window for the ion implantation being delimited by a vertical or obliquely inward or outward edge,
- FIGS. 2a to 2d the further method steps for producing an NPN transistor based on the semiconductor structure from FIGS. 1a to 1c,
- FIGS. 3a to 3d show the further method steps for producing a PNP transistor based on the semiconductor structure from FIGS. 1a to 1c,
- FIGS. 4a to 4e the further method steps for producing an alternative embodiment of an NPN transistor, which is distinguished by a high gain, starting from the semiconductor structure from FIGS. 1a to 1c,
- FIGS. 5a to 5d the individual method steps for producing an I 2 L (Integrated Injection Logic) element, starting from the semiconductor structure from FIGS. 1a to 1c,
- FIGS. 6a to 6e the individual method steps for producing a field effect transistor based on the semiconductor structure from FIGS. 1a to 1c, and
- FIGS. 7a to 7f show the individual method steps for producing a logic gate with implanted isolation
- FIGS. 8a to 8e the individual method steps for producing a logic gate with a depth-modulated trough and implanted insulation
- FIGS. 9a to 9e the individual process steps for producing a logic gate with a depth-modulated trough and oxide insulation
- FIGS. 10a to 10f show the individual method steps for producing a logic gate with trench insulation
- FIGS. 12a to 12c show the individual method steps for producing a first exemplary embodiment of a light-sensitive transistor with an open base
- FIGS. 13a to 13d the individual process steps for producing a light-sensitive transistor with increased photosensitivity
- FIGS. 14a to 14d the individual method step for producing a light-sensitive transistor with increased dielectric strength
- FIGS. 15a to 15f show the individual method steps for producing a lateral PNP transistor.
- a mask 2 is applied to a weakly p-doped semiconductor substrate 1 (wafer), which has a window 3 which is delimited by a peripheral edge 4.
- a wafer of weakly p-doped monocrystalline silicon with a resistance of z. B. 5 ohm cm used for the base material.
- Other suitable semiconductor materials are, for example, GaAs and SiC with the dopants suitable for these substances.
- the mask material can consist of photoresist, metal, glass or other materials.
- the structure is preferably created by photolithographic processes.
- the formation of the edge 4 of the mask window 3 is not relevant for the further method steps.
- the edge 4 of the mask window 3 can run vertically (FIG. 1a), obliquely outwards (FIG. 1b) or obliquely inwards (FIG. 1c).
- a doping preferably an implantation of phosphorus ions with a dose of z. B. 2x10 13 atoms / cm 2 to create an n-doped well 5 in the semiconductor substrate 1.
- the implantation energy is so high that a p -doped zone 6 still remains above the trough 5 in the semiconductor substrate 1.
- a dose of 2x10 13 atoms / cm 2 this is the case despite the backscattered phosphorus ions, for example, when the implantation energy is 6 MeV phosphorus ions.
- a plurality of n-doped wells, the edge zones of which extend as far as the semiconductor substrate surface, can be introduced into the semiconductor substrate by means of ion implantation using a corresponding mask.
- the ion implantation can also be carried out with an energy which is not sufficient for a p -doped inner zone to remain on the surface of the semiconductor substrate.
- an implantation energy of 2 MeV and a dose of 2xl0 13 atoms / cm 2 for example, the backscattered phosphorus ions reach the surface of the wafer in sufficient numbers and an easily p-doped zone remains, but an n-doped semiconductor with a concentration of N D > 10 15 / cm "3. This is prevented by either using a wafer with an overall higher p-concentration as the starting material or by adding an additional doping to the compensation Wafer surface introduced. This can be done by implantation or diffusion.
- Compensation can take place, for example, with an implantation energy of 200 KeV and a dose of 3 x 10 "atoms / cm 2 to a depth of 0.8 ⁇ .
- these are only reference values that can be changed many times over Re-doping can be done over the entire area or only within the tub with a mask.
- FIGS. 2a to 2d illustrate the steps for producing an NPN transistor.
- a circumferential hJ transition zone 9 with the usual doping concentration (N D ⁇ 10 22 cm 3 ) in the peripheral zone 7 of the tub 5 and a near-surface n + -doped zone 10 (N D 10 22 cm 3 ) in the of p-doped zone 8 enclosed in the inner zone 6 (FIG. 2 c).
- the insulation layer (not shown) can be built up and the contacting of the transistor connections at the n + or p + transition zones by known methods (see above: GR Wilson)
- the n-doped well 5 then forms the collector C, the p-doped inner zone 6 together with the p-doped Zone 8 the base B and the n + -doped zone 10 the emitter of the NPN transistor.
- FIGS. 4a to 4d illustrate the process steps for producing a further embodiment of an NPN transistor which is distinguished by a high gain (super beta transistor).
- a circumferential near-surface transition zone is then created 18 (N D ⁇ 10 22 cm 3 ) in the edge zone 7 of the tub 5 and a near-surface n + transition zone 19 (N D ⁇ 10 22 cm 3 ) in the n-zone 17 by means of ion implantation (FIG.
- the tub 5 now forms the collector C, the inner zone 6 the base B and the n-zone 17 the emitter E des Super-beta NPN transistors, the transistor connections are contacted again at the transition zones 18, 19 and 20.
- the stack of the n-doped zone 17 and the n-doped zone 19 is not absolutely necessary, in principle this is also sufficient n + -doped zone 19.
- the stack v but reduces the risk of metallic short circuits, which improves the yield.
- the n + -doped zone 19 also need not lie within the n-doped zone 17. Zones 17 and 19 can also lie one above the other or only partially overlap.
- FIGS. 5a to 5d illustrate the process steps for producing an I 2 L element starting from FIGS. 1a to 1c.
- Zone 21 extends from the edge zone 7 of the tub 5 in the edge region of the inner zone 6 (FIG. 5b).
- n + transition zone 25 (N D ⁇ 10 22 cm 3 ) and in the n-doped zones 22 are formed in the edge zone 7 of the tub 5 by means of ion implantation.
- 23, 24 further near-surface n + transition zones 26, 27, 28 (N D ⁇ 10 22 cm “3 ).
- the inner zone 6 then forms the basis of a multi-collector transistor, while the n-zones 22, 23, 24 form the individual collectors Cl, C2, C3 of the inverse-operated transistor, the injector connection INJ is made at the p + zone 29 and the connection of the base B at the transition zone 30 and the collectors Cl , C2, C3 at the transition zones 26, 27, 28 with the known contacting processes.
- Feeding the supply current into the I 2 L element via an injector PNP is only one preferred option.
- a high-resistance resistor or a current source are also conceivable.
- Figures 6a to 6d illustrate the process steps for producing a field effect transistor, which is characterized by high termination voltage and steepness.
- the manufacture is based on the figures la to lc (Fig. 6a).
- a rectangular n-doped zone 31 is introduced by ion implantation, which extends over the entire width but not over the entire length of the inner zone 6, so that the inner zone is separated into two areas ( Fig. 6b).
- N D 10 22 cm 3
- N D ⁇ 10 22 cm 3 a near-surface n + transition zone 33
- the p + implants 34 represent the transition zones for one Metal contacting of the drain and source of the transistor (Fig. 6d). 6e shows the field effect transistor in plan view.
- the method for producing the different transistor types is advantageous in that complex epitaxial and isolation steps are eliminated. All transistor types can be produced from the same semiconductor structure using the process steps described simultaneously in a common production process.
- the individual method steps for producing the n- or p-doped zones in the semiconductor structure can also take place in a different order than that described in the above exemplary embodiments.
- Arsenic or phosphorus ions with an energy of 5 to 50 keV are generally used for the n + implantations.
- the energies for the n-implantations are correspondingly higher at 30 to 100 keV.
- boron ions with comparable energies are generally used as for the n and n + implantations.
- n and n + or p and p + as a stack with or without overlap are not absolutely necessary, n + or p + is sufficient.
- n or p can be added. The masking can be done with the known photolithographic processes.
- the transition zone in the edge zone of the n-doped trough is advantageous not to design the transition zone in the edge zone of the n-doped trough as a zone near the surface, but as a zone that extends deeper into the semiconductor substrate.
- the transition zone can extend to a depth in which the n-doped well lies.
- an additional process step is required for this.
- FIGS. 7 to 10 examine the individual steps of different methods for producing logic gates which are based on this semiconductor structure, the masks and zones which correspond to one another each being provided with the same reference symbols.
- FIG. 7a shows the step of producing the n-doped well 5 in the semiconductor substrate 1 by means of high-voltage implantation.
- the mask 2 is applied with the window 3, so that during the ion implantation in the tub 5 the upwardly drawn edge zone 7 is formed, which extends to the surface of the semiconductor substrate and the remaining p " -doped inner zone 6 on the Encloses surface of the semiconductor substrate (see. Figures la to lc).
- n-doped and / or p-doped zones are introduced to form the logic gates.
- an n-doped separation zone 35 is formed in the inner zone 6 of the semiconductor substrate by means of ion implantation, which extends into the n-doped well 5.
- the implantation takes place after applying a mask 36 using the known methods. With this implanted insulation, a multiplicity of regions can be separated off in the semiconductor substrate, which are close to one another, in order to achieve a high packing density.
- the further steps for producing a logic gate in one of these areas are described below.
- an, for example, rectangular n-doped zone 38 and an, for example rectangular, n-doped zone 39 are produced in the p -doped inner zone 6, the zones 38, 39 extending beyond the separation zone 35 or within the separation zone 35 lie.
- two adjacent, for example rectangular, n-doped zones 40, 41 are introduced into the p " -doped zone 6.
- the n-doped zones 38 to 41 are produced by means of ion implantation using the known methods ( Figure 7c).
- an additional n + -doped transition zone 43 is generated in the outer n-doped zone 38 after the application of a further mask 42, while a near-surface n + -doped transition zone 44 is generated within the outer n-doped zone 39 .
- n-doped zones 40, 41 near-surface n + -doped transition zones 45, 46 are also created (FIG. 7d).
- a further mask 47 is applied in order to form a p + -doped transition zone 48 in the inner region of the outer n-doped zone 38 and in the inner zone 6 between the inner n-doped zone 41 and the outer n-doped zone 39 to produce near-surface p + -doped transition zone 49 (FIG. 7e).
- An insulation layer 50 is applied to the semiconductor structure and is exposed in the area of the connections.
- the tub connection W takes place at the outer n + -doped transition zones 43, 44, the connection of the injector Inj.
- the gate connections C " C 2 at the inner n + -doped transition zones 45, 46 and the connection B for the control of the gate at the p + -doped transition zone 49 ( Figure 7f).
- FIG. 8 illustrates a method in which an additional implantation for separating the active area is not necessary.
- the method according to FIG. 8 differs from the method according to FIG. 7 in that the starting structure is produced by high-volume implantation using an additional mask.
- the individual masks and zones of FIG. 8, which correspond to those of FIG. 7, are provided with the same reference symbols.
- FIG. 8a shows the initial structure which, with the exception of the use of the additional mask, is produced using the method described with reference to FIGS. 1a to 1c.
- a further mask 51 which surrounds the region to be separated, is applied to the semiconductor substrate within the window 3 of the mask 2 in a second lithography step.
- the second mask 51 has one less thickness than the first mask, about half the thickness.
- doping preferably implantation of phosphorus ions with a dose of e.g. B. 2xl0 13 ions / cm 2 to create the n-doped well 5 in the semiconductor substrate.
- the area of the tub 5 covered by the second mask 51 is pulled upward.
- the n-doped zones 38, 39, 40, 41 are produced in the p-doped inner zone 6, the outer n-doped zones 38, 39 extending as far as the raised region of the trough 5 (FIG. 8b).
- the method step according to FIG. 8b corresponds to the step according to FIG. 7c.
- the separation of the active area by the upwardly drawn trough 5 in connection with the outer n-doped zones 38, 39 enables an even higher packing density.
- the method described with reference to FIG. 9 is based on the semiconductor structure which is produced using the steps like the semiconductor substrate according to FIG. 8a.
- an oxide layer 53, 54 is applied above the upwardly drawn region of the well 5, which extends to the well (FIG. 9a).
- This is followed by further doping steps which correspond to those in FIGS. 8b to 8e with the exception that the doping above the upwardly drawn region of the well 5 is absent and the outer n-doped zone 38 'and the n + -doped transition zone 43' only extend up to extend close to or only slightly into the oxide layer 53, but not beyond the raised region of the trough 5.
- FIGS. 10a to 10f illustrate the individual method steps for producing a logic gate, in which the active area is separated by separating cuts. The method is again based on a semiconductor substrate with a raised trough 5 (FIGS. 1a to 1c). After the mask 37 'has been created, n-doped zones 38, 40, 41 are again produced in the p " -doped inner zone 6 (FIG. 10b).
- the individual doping steps for producing the logic gate can take place in different orders. For example, it is not absolutely necessary to carry out the method steps for separating the active regions of the logic gates before the doping steps for the production of the logic gates are carried out. Rather, the individual doping steps can first be carried out and the active regions of the logic gate can only be separated later using the methods described above. Semiconductor structures other than the above can also be produced using the starting structure by separating individual regions.
- the size of the overlap of the different dopings takes place according to the known rules of manufacture. Double implantation of the same species at one point with n + over n or p + over p can be omitted at this point if a connecting surface is not required or if a pn junction already occurs with an implantation.
- Implantations can take place according to the known rules through the windows of the isolator (self-adjustment) or several implantations can take place through the same mask.
- the doping is separated by diffusion or oblique implantation.
- Other methods known to the person skilled in the art for producing the PN junctions and connections can also be used analogously, for example doping from a polysilicon layer.
- Figures 1 la to 1 ld show the individual process steps for the production of light-sensitive diodes based on the semiconductor structure described with reference to Figures la to lc.
- an all-round near-surface n + -doped transition zone 59 is implanted in the edge zone 7 of the inner zone 5 reaching to the surface of the semiconductor substrate 1 (FIG. 1b).
- the p " -doped inner zone 6 is contacted with a near-surface p + -doped transition zone 60, which is implanted after application of a mask 61 in the inner zone 6.
- a transparent insulation layer 63 is then applied to the semiconductor substrate 1, which is exposed in the areas of the transition zones 59, 60, 62. Contact is made with the contacts 1 to 3 at the exposed areas of the insulation layer 63.
- the first diode is sensitive to short-wave light and the second diode to long-wave light. Starting from the semiconductor structure according to FIGS. 1 a to 1 c, however, only one of the two diodes can also be produced.
- n + -doped transition zone 65 is implanted into the upwardly drawn edge zone 7 of the n-doped well 5, as in the manufacture of the diodes (FIGS. 1a to 1d).
- n + -doped zone 66 is implanted (FIG. 12b).
- a transparent insulation layer 67 is then applied to the semiconductor substrate and is exposed in the area of the n + -doped transition zone 65 and the n + -doped zone 66.
- the contacts for the emitter_E and collector C are contacted in the exposed areas of the insulation layer 67.
- FIGS. 12a to 12c show the individual method steps for producing a light-sensitive transistor with increased photosensitivity, starting from the semiconductor structure according to FIGS. 1a to 1c.
- a circumferential n-doped zone 69 is implanted in the upwardly drawn edge zone 7 of the n-doped well 5.
- an n-doped zone 70 is implanted in the p " -doped inner zone 6 (FIG. 13b).
- n + -doped transition zone 71 is then implanted in the circumferential n-doped zone 69.
- n + doped zone 72 In the central n-doped zone 70 is also implanted an n + doped zone 72, the implants after the application of a mask 73 ( Figure 13c) Then, a transparent insulating layer 74 is applied, which is above the n + -.. doped transition region 71 and the n + doped zone 72 The emitter E and the collector C are contacted again at the uncovered points (FIG. 13d).
- a light-sensitive transistor with increased dielectric strength but reduced photosensitivity can be created by an additional implantation with p-doped material.
- Figures 14a to 14d show the individual manufacturing steps of such a phototransistor. The production method differs from the method described with reference to FIGS. 13a to 13d in that, after a mask 76 has been applied to the p " -doped inner zone 6, a p-doped zone 75 is implanted, not an n-doped one (FIG. 14b A near-surface n + -doped transition zone 77 and a further n + -doped transition zone 78 are then implanted into the p-doped zone 75 in the upwardly drawn edge zone 7 of the n-doped well 5.
- a lateral PNP transistor can be produced as follows.
- FIG. 15a shows the step of producing the n-doped well 5 in the semiconductor substrate 1 by means of high-voltage implantation.
- the mask 2 is applied with the window 3, so that during the ion implantation in the tub 5 the upwardly drawn edge zone 7 is formed, which extends to the surface of the semiconductor substrate and the remaining p " -doped inner zone 6 on the Encloses surface of the semiconductor substrate.
- a further high-volume implantation with n-doping and a dose of approximately 1 ⁇ 10 13 / cm 2 is carried out with a mask 100, similar to that in FIGS.
- a tub 5 ' is formed in the tub 5 with a remaining p ' inner zone 6 'and a raised edge 7' up to the surface of the substrate (FIG. 15b).
- near-surface n + connection dopants are implanted in the peripheral regions 85 and 86 (FIG. 15c).
- Mask 82 defines areas 87 and 88 within tub 5 and area 89 within tub 5 '(Fig. 15d). This implantation can also be dispensed with.
- Mask 83 defines the near-surface p + connection implantations in the areas 90 and 91 (FIG. 15e).
- the areas 85 and 86 exposed by the insulation 84 are the base connections, the areas 90 and 91 the collector connections, the area 92 the emitter connection of the PNP.
- the raised edge 7 'of the tub 5' forms the basis of the lateral PNPs.
- the tub 5 with the raised edge 7 serves as insulation and can be used as a base connection as the raised edge 7 'of the tub 5'.
- the gain of the transistor can be set by the implantation dose of the tub 5 '.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Bipolar Integrated Circuits (AREA)
- Bipolar Transistors (AREA)
- Junction Field-Effect Transistors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP99942864A EP1129476A1 (de) | 1998-09-29 | 1999-08-13 | Verfahren zur herstellung von transistoren |
US09/806,224 US7271070B1 (en) | 1998-09-29 | 1999-08-13 | Method for producing transistors |
AU56220/99A AU5622099A (en) | 1998-09-29 | 1999-08-13 | Method for producing transistors |
JP2000572912A JP2002526917A (ja) | 1998-09-29 | 1999-08-13 | トランジスタの製造方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19844531.8 | 1998-09-29 | ||
DE19844531.8A DE19844531B4 (de) | 1998-09-29 | 1998-09-29 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Transistoren |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2000019503A1 true WO2000019503A1 (de) | 2000-04-06 |
Family
ID=7882576
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP1999/005942 WO2000019503A1 (de) | 1998-09-29 | 1999-08-13 | Verfahren zur herstellung von transistoren |
PCT/EP1999/007226 WO2000019535A1 (de) | 1998-09-29 | 1999-09-29 | Halbleiterstruktur für halbleiterbauelemente |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/EP1999/007226 WO2000019535A1 (de) | 1998-09-29 | 1999-09-29 | Halbleiterstruktur für halbleiterbauelemente |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7271070B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1129476A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2002526917A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1151544C (de) |
AU (2) | AU5622099A (de) |
DE (1) | DE19844531B4 (de) |
WO (2) | WO2000019503A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1670052A1 (de) | 2004-12-08 | 2006-06-14 | PREMA Semiconductor GmbH | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer spannungsfesten PMOSFET-Halbleiterstruktur |
US7563685B2 (en) | 2004-04-02 | 2009-07-21 | Prema-Semiconductor GmbH | Bipolar-transistor and method for the production of a bipolar-transistor |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10057163A1 (de) * | 2000-11-16 | 2002-05-23 | Gruetzediek Ursula | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Halbleiterbauelementen mit Schottky-Übergängen |
JP3812421B2 (ja) | 2001-06-14 | 2006-08-23 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 横型接合型電界効果トランジスタ |
US7550787B2 (en) * | 2005-05-31 | 2009-06-23 | International Business Machines Corporation | Varied impurity profile region formation for varying breakdown voltage of devices |
US20080128762A1 (en) * | 2006-10-31 | 2008-06-05 | Vora Madhukar B | Junction isolated poly-silicon gate JFET |
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EP0032022A1 (de) * | 1979-12-21 | 1981-07-15 | Fujitsu Limited | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer integrierte Halbleiterschaltvorrichtung |
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US4355320A (en) * | 1979-05-31 | 1982-10-19 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Light-controlled transistor |
EP0260955A2 (de) * | 1986-09-18 | 1988-03-23 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Photoelektrischer Umformer |
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- 1999-08-13 AU AU56220/99A patent/AU5622099A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-08-13 EP EP99942864A patent/EP1129476A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1999-08-13 CN CNB99812687XA patent/CN1151544C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-13 US US09/806,224 patent/US7271070B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-08-13 JP JP2000572912A patent/JP2002526917A/ja active Pending
- 1999-09-29 WO PCT/EP1999/007226 patent/WO2000019535A1/de active Application Filing
- 1999-09-29 AU AU63303/99A patent/AU6330399A/en not_active Abandoned
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7563685B2 (en) | 2004-04-02 | 2009-07-21 | Prema-Semiconductor GmbH | Bipolar-transistor and method for the production of a bipolar-transistor |
EP1670052A1 (de) | 2004-12-08 | 2006-06-14 | PREMA Semiconductor GmbH | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer spannungsfesten PMOSFET-Halbleiterstruktur |
US7488638B2 (en) | 2004-12-08 | 2009-02-10 | Prema Semiconductor Gmbh | Method for fabricating a voltage-stable PMOSFET semiconductor structure |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1151544C (zh) | 2004-05-26 |
WO2000019535B1 (de) | 2000-05-11 |
WO2000019535A1 (de) | 2000-04-06 |
DE19844531B4 (de) | 2017-12-14 |
US7271070B1 (en) | 2007-09-18 |
EP1129476A1 (de) | 2001-09-05 |
AU5622099A (en) | 2000-04-17 |
CN1324495A (zh) | 2001-11-28 |
JP2002526917A (ja) | 2002-08-20 |
DE19844531A1 (de) | 2000-04-06 |
AU6330399A (en) | 2000-04-17 |
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