WO1999033027A1 - Method for automatic debiting of tolls for vehicles - Google Patents
Method for automatic debiting of tolls for vehicles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1999033027A1 WO1999033027A1 PCT/SE1998/002264 SE9802264W WO9933027A1 WO 1999033027 A1 WO1999033027 A1 WO 1999033027A1 SE 9802264 W SE9802264 W SE 9802264W WO 9933027 A1 WO9933027 A1 WO 9933027A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- toll
- communication
- station
- central unit
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
- G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
- G07B15/06—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems
- G07B15/063—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems using wireless information transmission between the vehicle and a fixed station
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
- G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
- G07B15/02—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points taking into account a variable factor such as distance or time, e.g. for passenger transport, parking systems or car rental systems
Definitions
- the invention presented here concerns a method and a device for the automatic debiting of a toll for a vehicle that uses a zone or zones that are equipped with tolls at the entry to these zones.
- a distinction is made between virtual toll stations and physical toll stations where a toll debiting transaction is carried out at the virtual station, indicated by using a global satellite navigation system, by means of a communication device fitted to the vehicle which communicates, via a digital mobile transmitting network, with the toll debiting system' s central system and exchanges information with the central system.
- the information is then checked so as to determine if a correct debiting of the toll for the vehicle has been performed or if debiting is to be carried out afterwards.
- the document PCT/DE95/00107 describes an example of a toll debiting system of a type mentioned in the introduction.
- the said document describes a system for debiting of tolls that comprises at least one virtual toll charging station on the traffic route, and in association with the toll charging station a monitoring station, which is physical.
- a physical toll station is equipped with hardware such as communication units and imaging devices, for example video cameras.
- a vehicle that is in the virtual toll charging station is able to transmit data via a digital mobile transmitting network to a central unit
- the virtual toll charging stations are defined at predetermined geographic positions.
- the position of the vehicle is determined continuously and is compared with the positions of the virtual toll charging stations. If the position of the vehicle coincides with any of the predetermined virtual toll charging stations, it is indicated by the equipment in the vehicle, after which the vehicle establishes communication via the digital mobile transmitting network. Data which includes toll and charge accounts is transmitted from the vehicle to the central unit . Receipt of payment for the requisite amount is then sent from the central unit to the physical station.
- the advantage of this technique is that preexisting infrastructure can be utilized, both in this GPS system and in the GSM technique for the digital mobile transmitting network. However, investments in roadside equipment will be required.
- a further very important advantage is that sufficient time can be allowed for data information exchange between the vehicles equipment and the central unit, so that all transmission can be achieved without capacity problems in computer power or communication. This normally presents difficulties when all the information in existing systems is transmitted within an area consisting of the communication zone of one physical toll station. Moreover, using this method it is possible to separate, both in time and space, debiting of tolls and monitoring of correct payment of charges by vehicles.
- a drawback associated with the device described in PCT/DE95/00107 is that the receipt of payment is sent from the central unit to the physical toll station, which means that large amounts of data have to be sent out and be accessible at each physical toll station within a specified area, since at the point of time of payment it is not clear which physical toll station will be subsequently passed.
- large storage and search capacities are required for computers in the physical toll station. There is no direct communication between the vehicle and the physical toll station, which means that correlation between the identity of the vehicle and receipt is missing.
- Document PCT/GB95/00198 describes a further example of a device for automatic debiting of tolls for vehicles where GSM technique is used.
- the emphasis is on performing debiting of tolls while preserving the anonymity of the vehicle.
- This is achieved by means of a vehicle identifier, fitted to the toll charging station, which identifies a communication device on the vehicle or identifies a vehicle carrying an electronic purse designed for debiting of tolls.
- the system is also provided with devices that temporarily correlate the vehicle identifier with an identifier for the electronic purse.
- the system is designed in such a way that the vehicle identifier is not used if the toll debiting transaction is correctly carried out, or that the purse identifier is not used if the toll debiting transaction is not executed satisfactorily.
- the communication device may be a GSM transmitter/receiver.
- the communication device may be a GSM transmitter/receiver.
- the requirement that all communication and identification of the various units must be performed during the time that is available, that is to say, when the vehicle is in the area of the physical toll station.
- a problem arises namely that during the short time available manage to identify the vehicles, execute the transaction and also track vehicles for which a correct debit transaction cannot be carried out, so that these can be debited afterwards.
- a method for automatic debiting of tolls for vehicles, as specified in claim 1 is set out.
- An advantage of the invention over the known technique is that the digital mobile transmitting network is not loaded to the same extent as for the most closely related technique known.
- a further advantage is that the same storage and search capacities are not required in the storage units in the physical toll station as with the related known technique described in the introduction. DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES
- FIG 1 illustrates schematically the principle of debiting of tolls according to the aspect of the invention.
- Figure 2 shows an example of a configuration of units in vehicles, physical toll station and the central unit of the toll debiting system.
- the supervising device comprises vehicle equipment and a roadside unit.
- the vehicle equipment comprises:
- the first communication device ( 1 ) may consist of a transponder for the local communication (2) by means of microwaves, or analogous devices which utilize transmission media other than microwaves, such as ultrasound, light inductive transmission etc. DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communication), where microwaves are used as the transmission medium, is preferred.
- Other sources that can be used as transmission media for the local communication link (2) between vehicles V 1 -V4 and the roadside unit (3) are UWB waves (Ultra Wide Band radio), ultrasound, infrared light, laser or ordinary (visible) light,
- the storage unit (6) for storage of data, such as user identity, positions of virtual toll charging stations (7), tariffs, etc for calculation of said tolls.
- the user identity may consist of the vehicle identity, the purse identity or the transponder identity,
- GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
- GPS receiver for reception(9) of signals from navigation satellites ( 19)
- CN a transmitter/receiver in a cellular network, usually in the form of a GSM telephone ( 1 1 ), for a central communication ( 12) with a central unit (C) in the toll debiting system
- a reader ( 13) for reading and debiting of smart cards where a suitable CN unit and reader ( 13) are integrated in a mobile telephone ( 15) and that
- the physical toll station (4) comprises
- a roadside unit (3) which has a second communication device ( 16) for the local communication (2) with a first communication device ( 1 ) in one of the aforesaid vehicles V 1 -V4.
- DSRC Dedicated Short Range Communication
- Other sources that can be used as transmission media for the local communication link (2) between vehicles V 1 -V4 and the roadside unit (3) are UWB waves (Ultra Wide Band radio), ultrasound, infrared light, laser or ordinary light,
- Encryption in this text includes the notion that the message can be encrypted so as to prevent eavesdropping, but the term encryption is also or alternatively used to mean authenticization, that is to say that to the encrypted message is attached a check total or a digital signature which is used to verify that the message has not been garbled and to verify that the sender is the one stated.
- the central unit C includes the necessary equipment in the form of a third processor (23), a central storage unit (24), a SAM (Security Application Module) (25), communication equipment (26) for the central communication ( 12) with the vehicles' GSM telephones ( 1 1 ) and with the physical toll station' s communication equipment (21 ), from where transmission (22) of data from the roadside unit (3) to the central unit is effected.
- a third processor 23
- a central storage unit 24
- SAM Security Application Module
- communication equipment for the central communication ( 12) with the vehicles' GSM telephones ( 1 1 ) and with the physical toll station' s communication equipment (21 ), from where transmission (22) of data from the roadside unit (3) to the central unit is effected.
- the toll debiting procedure proceeds as follows:
- the vehicle' s storage unit is the necessary information, such as tariffs for debiting of tolls and positions of virtual toll charging stations (7,) either prestored or continuously updated via, for example, the GSM network or the RDS-TMC link (Radio Data System - Traffic Message Channel) or alternatively via microwave transmitters or their equivalent.
- tariffs for debiting of tolls and positions of virtual toll charging stations (7,) either prestored or continuously updated via, for example, the GSM network or the RDS-TMC link (Radio Data System - Traffic Message Channel) or alternatively via microwave transmitters or their equivalent.
- the vehicle' s GPS receiver (8) (or another GNSS receiver) information on the vehicle' s position is obtained continuously.
- the central unit C is contacted from the vehicle' s GSM telephone ( 1 1 ) (or another transmitter/ receiver in a cellular network).
- the determined virtual toll debiting position is located at an appropriate distance before a physical toll station (4) that will subsequently be passed by the vehicle.
- the vehicle V 1 -V4 is debited a toll via, in this example, the GSM network.
- An encrypted signal is sent from the vehicle V 1 -V4 to the central unit C with information on at least one transponder identity and a statement of the time.
- a payment transaction is subsequently carried out by means of the central unit' s C processor, which debits a prepaid account associated with the transponder identity or deducts the toll in question based on stored tariffs, in the vehicle' s storage unit (6), from a smart card in the vehicle which can communicate via the GSM network.
- the toll is calculated by the vehicle' s processor (5).
- the vehicle V2 there should be equipment (e.g.
- MMI which informs the driver that he has entered a geographically defined zone which consist of a virtual toll charging station (7), and indicates that payment of the toll is to be made.
- a encrypted signal is sent from the vehicle's communication device ( 1 ) to the roadside unit' s (3) communication device ( 16), either at the request of the roadside unit' s equipment which includes a transmitter, or continuously within a time interval during which communication (2) can proceed owing to the fact that the range for communication is limited.
- the signal consists of an encrypted message containing data on the transponder identity, receipt of payment, and preferably information on the category of the vehicle. The last mentioned information can then be used to permit the toll station' s (4) video equipment ( 17a- 17c) to check the category of the vehicle.
- the passage of the vehicle V 1 -V4 through the physical toll station (4) is monitored using video supervision, by the imaging of the vehicle' s identity such as the vehicle' s licence plate or other physical feature, and even by detection of the vehicle' s physical shape so as to check the category of vehicle given by the vehicle via the communication link (2) between vehicle V 1 -V4 and roadside unit (3) as just described.
- An alternative procedure is to merely image the vehicles for which a correct receipt of toll payment cannot be registered.
- Communication between vehicle V 1 -V4 and the roadside unit (3) contain an input of the vehicle' s positions. Analogous position detection is even performed with the help of image processing of the results from video supervision using image processing equipment ( 18) which communicates with the roadside unit' s (3) processor ( 1 ) for analysis.
- image processing equipment ( 18) which communicates with the roadside unit' s (3) processor ( 1 ) for analysis.
- communication (2) with a specific vehicle V 1 -V4 is linked to the vehicle imaged by the video supervision.
- This correlation is, with todays technique, highly desirable, as it is not yet possible to maintain a one hundred percent identification of registration numbers by video supervision nor to achieve a one hundred percent functioning of vehicle / roadside communication. If this were possible it would be sufficient to correlate registration number indicated by the vehicle / roadside communication (2) with the registration numbers identified by video supervision. Correlation is desirable in order to avoid the risk of, for example, prohibited manipulation of vehicle data stored in the vehicle equipment.
- An advantage of the described system in comparison with those known at present is that it allows sufficient time for communication of transaction data of varying length. As a result of this, other data can without difficulty be transmitted between the first and the second communication devices during the brief time the microwave link, according to our example, is connected within the physical toll station (4). Furthermore, local image processing of the registered vehicles places only small demands and loads on the communication network between the roadside unit (3) and the central unit C.
- An additional advantage of the proposed technique according to the aspect of the invention is that it allows automatic debiting of tolls on multi-lane roads, as well as enabling debiting and execution of the payment transactions to be performed in real time, which contributes to increased anonymity for the users in the system.
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- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Finance (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Devices For Checking Fares Or Tickets At Control Points (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT98964589T ATE301312T1 (de) | 1997-12-22 | 1998-12-09 | Verfahren zum automatischen abbuchen von mautgebühren für fahrzeuge |
AU19883/99A AU748551B2 (en) | 1997-12-22 | 1998-12-09 | Method for automatic debiting of tolls for vehicles |
EP98964589A EP1042738B1 (en) | 1997-12-22 | 1998-12-09 | Method for automatic debiting of tolls for vehicles |
KR1020007006256A KR100581114B1 (ko) | 1997-12-22 | 1998-12-09 | 차량에 대한 통행료 자동 징수 방법 |
DE69831096T DE69831096T2 (de) | 1997-12-22 | 1998-12-09 | Verfahren zum automatischen abbuchen von mautgebühren für fahrzeuge |
BRPI9813812-0A BR9813812B1 (pt) | 1997-12-22 | 1998-12-09 | método para o débito automático de pedágios para veìculos. |
NO20003227A NO321129B1 (no) | 1997-12-22 | 2000-06-21 | Fremgangsmate for automatisk debitering av avgifter for kjoretoyer |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE9704853A SE510080C2 (sv) | 1997-12-22 | 1997-12-22 | Metod för automatisk debitering av tullar för fordon |
SE9704853-2 | 1997-12-22 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1999033027A1 true WO1999033027A1 (en) | 1999-07-01 |
Family
ID=20409555
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/SE1998/002264 WO1999033027A1 (en) | 1997-12-22 | 1998-12-09 | Method for automatic debiting of tolls for vehicles |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1042738B1 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100581114B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1146831C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE301312T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU748551B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9813812B1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69831096T2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2251792T3 (zh) |
NO (1) | NO321129B1 (zh) |
SE (1) | SE510080C2 (zh) |
TW (1) | TW365671B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1999033027A1 (zh) |
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WO1999066455A2 (de) * | 1998-06-18 | 1999-12-23 | Mannesmann Ag | Strassenseitige kontrolleinrichtung für ein in einem fahrzeug installiertes mautgerät |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE9704853L (sv) | 1999-04-19 |
CN1283293A (zh) | 2001-02-07 |
AU1988399A (en) | 1999-07-12 |
TW365671B (en) | 1999-08-01 |
ATE301312T1 (de) | 2005-08-15 |
AU748551B2 (en) | 2002-06-06 |
NO20003227D0 (no) | 2000-06-21 |
KR20010024706A (ko) | 2001-03-26 |
EP1042738A1 (en) | 2000-10-11 |
NO321129B1 (no) | 2006-03-20 |
SE510080C2 (sv) | 1999-04-19 |
BR9813812B1 (pt) | 2011-09-06 |
NO20003227L (no) | 2000-06-21 |
SE9704853D0 (sv) | 1997-12-22 |
KR100581114B1 (ko) | 2006-05-16 |
DE69831096D1 (de) | 2005-09-08 |
CN1146831C (zh) | 2004-04-21 |
DE69831096T2 (de) | 2006-04-13 |
EP1042738B1 (en) | 2005-08-03 |
ES2251792T3 (es) | 2006-05-01 |
BR9813812A (pt) | 2000-10-03 |
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