WO1998003284A1 - Procedimiento para la fabricación de manguitos y otros elementos de mazarotaje y alimentación para moldes de fundición, y formulación para la obtención de dichos manguitos y elementos - Google Patents
Procedimiento para la fabricación de manguitos y otros elementos de mazarotaje y alimentación para moldes de fundición, y formulación para la obtención de dichos manguitos y elementosInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998003284A1 WO1998003284A1 PCT/ES1997/000172 ES9700172W WO9803284A1 WO 1998003284 A1 WO1998003284 A1 WO 1998003284A1 ES 9700172 W ES9700172 W ES 9700172W WO 9803284 A1 WO9803284 A1 WO 9803284A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- resins
- weight
- formulation according
- activated
- sleeves
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 34
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 12
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title abstract 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title abstract 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract 6
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 2
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 CO2-activated sodium silicate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese oxide Inorganic materials [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2] PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- SKFYTVYMYJCRET-UHFFFAOYSA-J potassium;tetrafluoroalumanuide Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[Al+3].[K+] SKFYTVYMYJCRET-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 3
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NNDGIEARKHXAEO-UHFFFAOYSA-J [F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].F.F.[Al+3].[K+] Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].F.F.[Al+3].[K+] NNDGIEARKHXAEO-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium silicate Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 9
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 8
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001033 granulometry Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical class [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000003251 Pruritus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000172 allergic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000010668 atopic eczema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001506 inorganic fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007803 itching Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004400 mucous membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007170 pathology Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/16—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents
- B22C1/18—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of inorganic agents
- B22C1/181—Cements, oxides or clays
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
- B22C9/088—Feeder heads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
- B22D7/06—Ingot moulds or their manufacture
- B22D7/10—Hot tops therefor
Definitions
- This invention relates to sleeves and other elements of mazarotage and feeding for foundry molds suitable for manufacturing metal parts, to a process for obtaining them, as well as to formulations suitable for manufacturing them.
- the obtaining of metal parts by molding comprises the pouring of the molten metal into a mold, the solidification of the metal by cooling and the demoulding or extraction of the piece formed by the removal or destruction of the mold.
- molds can be metallic or they can be formed by aggregates of different materials (ceramic, graphite and, above all, sand), normally hardened by the action of binders.
- sand molds are obtained by filling a mold box with sand.
- the drinking fountains through which molten metal is poured are also constructed of refractory, insulating and even exothermic materials, of a similar composition to that of the sleeves.
- Insulating refractory compositions suitable for the manufacture of sleeves and other mazarotage and feed elements for foundry molds, with insulating properties, composed of a refractory material in the form of particles, organic and / or inorganic fibers and binders are known.
- exothermic refractory compositions suitable for manufacturing sleeves and other elements of mazarotage and feed for foundry molds, with exothermic properties, composed of a refractory filler in the form of fibers or particles, binders and, optionally, loads selected from a metal easily oxidizable and an oxidizing agent capable of oxidizing said metal.
- an inorganic fluorinated flux is usually included.
- British patents nos. GB 627678, 774491, 889484 and 939541 describe exothermic refractory compositions containing inorganic fluorides.
- sleeve suspend in water a mixture formed by the materials used for the manufacture of the sleeve, for example, silica-aluminous fibers, aluminum, iron oxide and phenolic resins, or alternatively, a mixture formed by siliceous sands, aluminum slag, cellulose, aluminum and phenolic resins;
- silica-aluminous material is not in the form of fibers since a part of it may have been replaced by hollow microspheres of said silica-aluminous material in order to decrease the necessary amount of product and reduce the cost of the final product.
- microspheres are then used as a loading element.
- the materials used in the form of fibers can lead to allergic pathologies, such as itching and irritation of the skin and mucous membranes, among operators.
- Another process for the manufacture of sleeves consists of mixing sands, exothermic materials and a specific type of resins, for example, mixing sodium silicate and alkaline or novolac phenolic resins, and subsequently, performing a manual or blow molding of the obtained mixtures.
- this procedure is simpler than the wet one, its use has serious limitations because, on the one hand, it does not It is possible to obtain sleeves with insulating characteristics and, on the other hand, the sleeves obtained are extraordinarily hygroscopic.
- application 094/23865 describes a blown composition based on hollow aluminum silicate microspheres, but which requires that the alumina content thereof be above 40%, which leaves a significant part of this by-product unusable. , since a very important part of the hollow microspheres of aluminum silicate generated as an industrial by-product have a wealth of less than 40% by weight of alumina.
- the invention provides a solution to said problem comprising the use of a refractory material, such as aluminum silicate, in the form of hollow microspheres with an alumina content of less than 38% by weight, in the formulation of a composition suitable for manufacturing said sleeves and elements of mazarotage and feeding for foundry molds.
- a refractory material such as aluminum silicate
- an object of this invention is the use of hollow aluminum silicate microspheres with an alumina content of less than 38% by weight in the formulation of a composition totally free of refractory, insulating or exothermic material, in the form of fibers , suitable for manufacturing sleeves and other elements of mazarotage and feeding for cast, insulating or exothermic molds.
- Another object of the invention is a formulation suitable for the manufacture of sleeves and other elements of mazarotage and feed for foundry molds, comprising hollow microspheres of aluminum silicate with an alumina content of less than 38% by weight, a binder and Optional charges.
- the sleeves and other elements of mazarotage and feeding, manufactured from the aforementioned formulation, which can be insulating or exothermic, as well as their manufacturing process constitute additional objects of this invention.
- the fluoride causing the rejection of the pieces can come from bentonite, water or sand, but, mainly, from the fluorinated derivatives used in the composition to obtain the exothermic sleeves, so if they are used in bulk These sleeves can cause the green sand circuit to reach undesirable limits of fluorine content.
- the invention provides a solution to said problem which comprises the use of an insert, the composition of which contains an inorganic fluorinated flux, in the manufacture of sleeves and exothermic mazarotage and feeding elements suitable for nodular smelting, and which is fixed over an area of said sleeves and elements.
- a further object of this invention is a process for the manufacture of sleeves and elements of exothermic mazarotage and feeding suitable for nodular cast iron comprising the formation and fixation of an insert comprising an inorganic fluorinated flux, on a precursor shaped composition of said sleeve or element consisting of hollow microspheres of aluminum silicate with an alumina content of less than 38% by weight, a binder and optional fillers.
- Figure 1 represents a practical embodiment of the casting of a metal part as well as the main elements of the process.
- this figure represents a practical and typical example of the traditional casting process of a piece (1), in whose casting process some upper (2), lateral (3) sleeves, a drinking fountain (4) ) and its filter (5).
- the piece (1) when cooled contracts by absorbing metal from the sleeves (2) and (3), which, in order to allow said material to flow to the part, must have this liquid phase casting material since otherwise they will not be able to provide the material required by the part in its cooling.
- Figure 2 is a graph showing the cooling curves of the metal as a function of the thickness of the sleeves used, showing that, in general, for the same overflow diameter, if the thickness of the sleeve increases the solidification time of the metal.
- This figure highlights the lower curve (closest to the abscissa axis) that represents the cooling curve when a sleeve is not used and how the cooling of the material is extremely fast.
- the upper curves define cooling curves achieved with the incorporation of thicker sleeves, checking how the cooling is slower the greater the thickness of the sleeves.
- Figure 3 depicts a practical embodiment of an exothermic sleeve suitable for nodular cast iron having an insert at its base comprising an inorganic fluorinated flux.
- the invention provides a formulation suitable for the manufacture of sleeves and other elements of mazarotage and feed for foundry molds, both insulating and exothermic, comprising hollow microspheres of aluminum silicate with an alumina content of less than 38% by weight, preferably comprised between 20 and 38%, a binder and optional charges, in non-fibrous form, selected from the group consisting of oxidizable metals, oxidants and inorganic fluorinated fluxes.
- This formulation lacks completely of refractory material in the form of fibers.
- the hollow microspheres of aluminum silicate (AI2O3.SIO2) which can be used in this invention have an alumina content of less than 38% by weight, preferably between 20 and 38% by weight, a grain diameter of up to 3 mm and, in general, any wall thickness.
- hollow aluminum silicate microspheres with an average diameter of less than 1 mm and a wall thickness of approximately 10% of the grain diameter are used.
- hollow aluminum silicate microspheres with an alumina content of less than 38% by weight commercially available can be used.
- suitable formulations can be obtained to manufacture sleeves and other elements of mazarotage and feed for insulating or exothermic cast molds.
- the density of the hollow microspheres the greater the insulating power of the sleeve obtained, while the denser microspheres have less insulating power.
- Another important factor in selecting the hollow icrospheres is their specific surface area because the smaller this one, the consumption of binder (resin) will be lower, and therefore, the lower the overall cost of manufacturing the sleeves and elements of mazarotage and feeding, and lower will be the evolution of gas.
- any type of resin, both solid and liquid, which polymerizes with its appropriate catalyst after blowing and molding of the binder can be used as binder.
- formulation in hot box, in cold box, or by self-forging technique As an example, for cold box curing, amine-activated phenol-urethane resins (gas), SO2-activated epoxy-acrylic resins (gas), CO2-activated alkaline phenolic resins or methyl formate can be used ( gas), and CO2 activated sodium silicate resins.
- furanic, phenolic and novolac resins, activated by the appropriate catalysts can be used.
- silicate resins for example, sodium silicate
- silicate resins activated by an ester that acts as a catalyst
- ester-activated phenolic-alkaline resins activated by urethane-activated phenolic resins
- phosphate resins activated by a metal oxide.
- binders are suitable for the manufacture, according to the invention, of exothermic or insulating mazarotage and feeding sleeves and elements, the practical tests carried out suggest for cost, strength, mechanical characteristics and dimensional accuracy, the phenol-urethane resins activated by amine (gas) and epoxy-acrylic resins activated by SO2 (gas).
- the formulation provided by this invention may contain optional charges, in non-fibrous form, selected from the group consisting of oxidizable metals, oxidants and inorganic fluorinated fluxes.
- oxidizable metals aluminum, magnesium and silicon, preferably aluminum, can be used.
- alkali or alkaline earth metal salts may be used, for example, nitrates, chlorates and permanganates of alkali and alkaline earth metals, and metal oxides, for example, iron and manganese oxides, preferably iron oxide.
- inorganic fluorinated fluxes cryolite (Na3AlFg), potassium aluminum tetrafluoride, and potassium aluminum hexafluoride, preferably cryolite, can be used.
- a typical composition provided by this invention comprises hollow microspheres of aluminum silicate with an alumina content comprised between 20 and 38% by weight, aluminum, iron oxide and cryolite.
- an exothermic reaction begins on the mold and as a consequence of it the oxidation of aluminum, producing an additional alumina which, added to that already contained in the hollow silicate microspheres of aluminum, improves the refractory characteristics of the sleeve and any other element of mazarotage and feeding.
- hollow aluminum silicate microspheres with a low alumina content can be used compared to what the state of the art teaches as advisable (greater than 40% by weight, W094 / 23865 ), which had not been previously used as a refractory component in the manufacture of sleeves and other elements of mazarotage and feeding due to its low alumina content.
- these low alumina microspheres are cheaper than those with a higher alumina content, so their use has a double interest: take advantage of a by-product mainly from thermal power plants and reduce the cost of manufacturing the sleeves and other elements of mazarotage and feeding.
- formulations provided by this invention are suitable for obtaining sleeves and elements of mazarotage and feed for foundry molds, insulating or exothermic.
- a typical formulation suitable for the manufacture of sleeves and exothermic elements is that identified as Formulation [I].
- the formulation [I] may contain up to 5% by weight of an inorganic fluorinated flux, such as cryolite, and up to 10% by weight of an oxidant, such as iron oxide or potassium permanganate.
- an inorganic fluorinated flux such as cryolite
- an oxidant such as iron oxide or potassium permanganate.
- a typical formulation suitable for obtaining sleeves and insulating mazarotage and feeding elements is that identified as Formulation [II].
- the formulations provided by this invention can be easily prepared by mixing their components until completely homogenized.
- the sleeves and mazarotage and feeding elements provided by this invention can be produced automatically by blowing a formulation provided by this invention, or by the self-setting molding technique (molding manual) to form sleeves and other elements in those cases in which short production series do not justify the investment in tools.
- This invention also provides a method for manufacturing sleeves and elements of mazarotage and feed for cast, insulating or exothermic castings, which uses one of the formulations of this invention, previously described, as a starting material and comprises molding said formulation either manually or by blowing in a conventional blowing machine, polymerize the resin used by adding the appropriate catalyst, and obtain the sleeve in short periods of time, generally of the order of a few seconds.
- the dimensional accuracy obtained with this procedure is much higher than that obtained by other traditional molding procedures, which allows these sleeves and elements to be considered as accurate and, therefore, can be easily coupled to the cast mold after being made, No additional manipulations and manually or automatically.
- the process of the invention comprises the molding of a formulation in which the refractory material (aluminum silicate) is in the form of hollow microspheres instead of having a fibrillar structure and in which the addition of resins of any type is possible.
- aluminum silicate aluminum silicate
- the use of non-fibrous solid materials allows a homogeneous and dry-looking mixture to be obtained, which allows dimensionally perfect parts to be obtained by blowing, in very short times, both internally and externally.
- This procedure allows to manufacture sleeves and elements of mazarotaje and feeding for molds of smelting, exothermic or insulators, using appropriate formulations for each case, without more than varying the density of the microspheres, so that the lower the density of the same, the greater the insulating power of the product obtained.
- the process also allows the use of microspheres with a small specific surface area, which means that the binder consumption is lower and, therefore, the manufacturing cost of the sleeve decreases.
- the insulating capacity of the sleeve When it is desired to manufacture large diameter sleeves or sleeves for molding metals with low casting temperature (aluminum), the insulating capacity of the sleeve must be prioritized. On the contrary, when it is desired to manufacture sleeves of small diameter or for metals with high casting temperature, it is important to prioritize the exothermic capacity of the sleeve.
- Another important advantage of this procedure is that thanks to the great accuracy in the shape, both external and internal of the sleeve, the placement of the sleeve inside the overflow is extremely simple. Another additional advantage of this procedure is that it allows to obtain sleeves, insulating or exothermic, faster and cheaper than traditional bodies made of fibers and wet.
- the sleeves and mazarotage and feeding elements provided by this invention are composed of hollow aluminum silicate microspheres with an alumina content of less than 38% by weight, preferably between 20 and 38%, and a binder, together with other optional loads in non-fibrous form.
- these sleeves have dimensional accuracy, so they can be easily attached to the cast iron after making it, without additional manipulations and manually or automatically.
- design capable of providing minimum amounts of fluoride, constituted from a formulation provided by the invention suitable for the manufacture of said sleeves or elements but free of inorganic fluorinated fluxes.
- it is based on a mixture based on hollow microspheres of aluminum silicate, with an alumina content of less than 38% by weight, preferably between 20 and 38% by weight, and optional loads selected from oxidizable and oxidizing metals , such as those mentioned previously, a mixture that, together with the chosen binder resin, is blown into the molding box where the sleeve or the element in question is to be formed.
- the blowing operation of this mixture is used to fix at the base of the sleeve or of the element in question, or in a suitable area thereof, an insert, the composition of which comprises an inorganic fluorinated flux, which has been introduced into the box of molding before blowing the mixture free of inorganic fluorinated fluxes.
- Said insert acts as a bait or initiator of the exothermic reaction.
- the insert which has been produced either by agglomerate or by pressure molding, is constituted by a mixture of oxidizable oxidizable metals, oxidants and inorganic fluxes commonly used in the manufacture of sleeves and other elements of mazarotage and feeding, mentioned previously, together with , optionally, hollow microspheres of aluminum silicate or other suitable element to dilute or regulate the exothermicity
- said insert is composed of a mixture based on aluminum, iron oxide and cryolite and, optionally, the diluent element of exothermicity.
- the proportion by weight of the insert with respect to the sleeve or element in question is between 5 and 20%.
- the exothermic reaction begins at the contact of the molten metal with the insert and extends rapidly and / or controlled mind to the rest of the sleeve or element.
- the fluorine released by said reaction is minimal since it comes exclusively from the initiator of the exothermic reaction.
- the fluorine intake is approximately 5 times lower when the insert is used [see Example 2].
- Figure 3 shows an exothermic sleeve (6) suitable for nodular cast iron, consisting of a mixture of hollow aluminum silicate microspheres with an alumina content between 20 and 38% by weight, an oxidizable metal and an oxidizer, which It contains an insert (7) initiator of the exothermic reaction based on an oxidizable metal, an oxidant and an inorganic fluorinated flux.
- a process for the manufacture of a sleeve or of an element of mazarotage and feed for cast molds, exothermic, suitable for nodular cast iron comprising the steps of: - introducing into the molding box an insert consisting of a mixture comprising oxidizable metals, oxidants and inorganic fluorinated fluxes, and, optionally, hollow microspheres of aluminum silicate or another diluent or regulator of exothermicity, the weight of which is between 5 and 20% of the total weight of the sleeve or element and which acts as the initiator of the exothermic reaction; Y
- the binder resin is cured and the piece formed by conventional methods is removed.
- Exothermic sleeves and insulating sleeves are prepared with the composition shown below.
- the mixture of the different components is performed in a paddle mixer and fired on a metal box with a male Roperwerk pressure trigger with a trigger .O n ⁇ 6 kg / cm i.
- the catalyst gas
- the catalyst is passed by hardening the formed mixture as a sleeve in a time of 45 seconds. Then, it is demoulded leaving the sleeve ready for use.
- - TS is the tensile strength (TENSILE STRENGHT). Values in kg to traction, for test tube of 3.5 cm section.
- a 97 mm side hub is molded into molded steel, following the usual molding and fusion practices.
- the liquid and solidification contraction of the hub is fed with a cylindrical sleeve 50 mm in diameter and 70 mm in height obtained as previously mentioned.
- This sleeve is provided with an upper cover of the same sleeve material that makes it unnecessary to use an exothermic cover material.
- the cube has a solidification module (M) of 1, 6 cm, and to feed it, a flask with a module larger than 1.6 cm would be needed.
- M solidification module
- the geometric modulus of the sleeve (Mm) used is 0.95 cm, that is, 1.7 times smaller. As the sucker does not reach the bucket, it can be said that, under the working conditions used, the Module Extension Factor
- the insert is placed in the chosen housing on a male box that serves to produce the exothermic sleeve (base sleeve) by blowing a mixture of solids formed by:
- a sleeve of 113 g of total weight is obtained, with an insert of 8 g of weight that will act as bait and avoid or minimize the need to use cryolite (fluorine content of 55% by weight) in the base sleeve in order to provide the minimum amount of fluoride possible to the sand circuit in which the piece with said sleeve will melt.
- cryolite fluorine content of 55% by weight
- Base sleeve weight 105 g
- Fluoride intake in the cryolite 0 g
- the fluorine content is 2,585 g, that is, about 5.4 times greater, so that the fluoride contribution to the green sand circuit would be substantially higher.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Mechanical Coupling Of Light Guides (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
- Casting Devices For Molds (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (19)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU34445/97A AU729049B2 (en) | 1996-07-18 | 1997-07-09 | Procedure for the production of ferrules and other feeding head and supply elements for casting molds, and formulation for the obtention of said ferrules and elements |
AT97930527T ATE250995T1 (de) | 1996-07-18 | 1997-07-09 | Verfahren zur herstellung von speisern und anderen beschickungs- und zuführungs-elementen für giessformen und zusammensetzung zur herstellung der speiser und elemente |
IL12808697A IL128086A (en) | 1996-07-18 | 1997-07-09 | Procedure for the production of ferrules and other feeding head and supply elements for casting molds, and formulation for the obtention of said ferrules and elements |
PL97331248A PL331248A1 (en) | 1996-07-18 | 1997-07-09 | Method of making sleeves and other components of riser and gating portions of iron casting moulds and composition used as material for making such components |
US09/043,350 US6197850B1 (en) | 1996-07-18 | 1997-07-09 | Process for fabricating couplings and other elements for hot topping and supply for castiron molds, and formulation for producing such couplings and elements |
KR1019980701872A KR100523880B1 (ko) | 1996-07-18 | 1997-07-09 | 주형의페룰및공급요소제조방법상기페룰및요소제조를위한조성물 |
CZ1999148A CZ294298B6 (cs) | 1996-07-18 | 1997-07-09 | Směs na výrobu izolačních nebo exotermických ochranných kroužků a dalších nálitkových a přívodních prvků pro licí formy a způsob této výroby |
RO99-00050A RO119517B1 (ro) | 1996-07-18 | 1997-07-09 | Procedeu pentru fabricarea manşoanelor de siguranţă pentru maselote şi alte elemente de alimentare, pentru forme de turnare, şi compoziţie pentru obţinerea acestora |
HU0000440A HU222215B1 (hu) | 1996-07-18 | 1997-07-09 | Keverék és eljárás öntőformák tápfejeinek hőszigetelő és/vagy hőfejlesztő hüvelyei vagy egyéb tápfejelemei előállítására |
DE69725315T DE69725315T3 (de) | 1996-07-18 | 1997-07-09 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Speisern und anderen Beschickungs- und Zuführungs-Elementen für Giessformen und Zusammensetzung zur Herstellung der Speiser und Elemente |
EP97930527A EP0913215B2 (en) | 1996-07-18 | 1997-07-09 | Process for fabricating couplings and other elements for hot topping and supply for cast-iron molds |
RU99103337/02A RU2176575C2 (ru) | 1996-07-18 | 1997-07-09 | Способ изготовления втулок и других элементов литников и питателей для литейных форм и состав для их изготовления |
SI9720046A SI9720046B (sl) | 1996-07-18 | 1997-07-09 | Postopek za izdelovanje kovinskih kapic in drugihdovodnih gornjih delov in elasticnih elementov kalupov za litje in oblikovanje takih kapic in elementov |
JP50659598A JP4610679B2 (ja) | 1996-07-18 | 1997-07-09 | 鋳型用のフェルールと他のフィーディングヘッドと供給要素との製造手順、及び前記フェルールと要素の作製のための組成物 |
CA002232384A CA2232384C (en) | 1996-07-18 | 1997-07-09 | Procedure for the production of ferrules and other feeding head and supply elements for casting molds, and formulation for the obtention of said ferrules and elements |
BR9702346-9A BR9702346A (pt) | 1996-07-18 | 1997-07-09 | Processo para a produção de manguitos e outros elementos de alimentação para moldes de fundição, e formulação para a abtenção dos manguitos e dos elementos |
TW086111588A TW358048B (en) | 1996-07-18 | 1997-08-13 | Procedure for the production of ferrules and other feeding head supply elements for casting molds, and formulation for the obtention of said ferrules and elements |
UA99010251A UA56175C2 (uk) | 1996-07-18 | 1997-09-07 | Композиція, придатна для виготовлення гільз та інших елементів додатків і ливників для ливарних форм (варіанти), спосіб виготовлення гільз та інших елементів додатків та ливників для ливарних форм (варіанти), гільза для ливарних форм |
NO19990211A NO334048B1 (no) | 1996-07-18 | 1999-01-18 | Fremgangsmåte ved fremstilling av koblinger og andre elementer for synkeboksstøping og tilførsel for støpejernformer, samt blandinger for fremstilling av slike koblinger og elementer |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ESP9601607 | 1996-07-18 | ||
ES9601607A ES2114500B1 (es) | 1996-07-18 | 1996-07-18 | Procedimiento para la fabricacion de manguitos exactos y otros elmentos de mazarotaje y alimentacion para moldes de fundicion, incluyendo la formulacion para la obtencion de dichos manguitos y elementos. |
ESP9701518 | 1997-07-08 | ||
ES009701518A ES2134729B1 (es) | 1996-07-18 | 1997-07-08 | Mejoras introducidas en objeto solicitud patente invencion española n. 9601607 por "procedimiento para fabricacion manguitos exactos y otros elementos de mazarotaje y alimentacion para moldes de fundicion, incluyendo la formulacion para obtencion de dichos manguitos y elementos". |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1998003284A1 true WO1998003284A1 (es) | 1998-01-29 |
Family
ID=26154980
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/ES1997/000172 WO1998003284A1 (es) | 1996-07-18 | 1997-07-09 | Procedimiento para la fabricación de manguitos y otros elementos de mazarotaje y alimentación para moldes de fundición, y formulación para la obtención de dichos manguitos y elementos |
Country Status (25)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6197850B1 (es) |
EP (2) | EP0913215B2 (es) |
JP (2) | JP4610679B2 (es) |
KR (1) | KR100523880B1 (es) |
CN (1) | CN1111104C (es) |
AT (1) | ATE250995T1 (es) |
AU (1) | AU729049B2 (es) |
BR (1) | BR9702346A (es) |
CA (1) | CA2232384C (es) |
CZ (1) | CZ294298B6 (es) |
DE (1) | DE69725315T3 (es) |
ES (3) | ES2134729B1 (es) |
HU (1) | HU222215B1 (es) |
IL (1) | IL128086A (es) |
IN (1) | IN191120B (es) |
MX (1) | MX9802106A (es) |
NO (1) | NO334048B1 (es) |
PL (1) | PL331248A1 (es) |
RO (1) | RO119517B1 (es) |
RU (1) | RU2176575C2 (es) |
SI (1) | SI9720046B (es) |
TR (1) | TR199900199T2 (es) |
TW (1) | TW358048B (es) |
UA (1) | UA56175C2 (es) |
WO (1) | WO1998003284A1 (es) |
Cited By (6)
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EP0993889A1 (en) * | 1998-10-09 | 2000-04-19 | Masamitsu Miki | Foundry exothermic assembly |
US6133340A (en) * | 1996-03-25 | 2000-10-17 | Ashland Inc. | Sleeves, their preparation, and use |
US6286585B1 (en) | 2000-03-21 | 2001-09-11 | Ashland Inc. | Sleeve mixes containing stabilized microspheres and their use in making riser sleeves |
US6335387B1 (en) | 2000-03-21 | 2002-01-01 | Ashland Inc. | Insulating sleeve compositions containing fine silica and their use |
US7455798B2 (en) | 2002-08-23 | 2008-11-25 | James Hardie International Finance B.V. | Methods for producing low density products |
US8993462B2 (en) | 2006-04-12 | 2015-03-31 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Surface sealed reinforced building element |
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ES2134729B1 (es) * | 1996-07-18 | 2000-05-16 | Kemen Recupac Sa | Mejoras introducidas en objeto solicitud patente invencion española n. 9601607 por "procedimiento para fabricacion manguitos exactos y otros elementos de mazarotaje y alimentacion para moldes de fundicion, incluyendo la formulacion para obtencion de dichos manguitos y elementos". |
EP1153678B1 (en) | 2000-05-10 | 2006-08-23 | Nissin Kogyo Co., Ltd | Method of casting and casting machine |
DE10065270B4 (de) * | 2000-12-29 | 2006-04-20 | Chemex Gmbh | Speiser und Zusammensetzungen zu deren Herstellung |
EP1240960B1 (en) * | 2001-03-15 | 2007-07-25 | Nissin Kogyo Co., Ltd | Method of deoxidation casting and deoxidation casting machine |
JP4002200B2 (ja) * | 2002-03-13 | 2007-10-31 | 花王株式会社 | 鋳物製造用抄造部品 |
EP1543897B1 (en) * | 2002-09-09 | 2007-06-20 | Iberia Ashland Chemical, S.A. | Sleeve, production method thereof and mixture for production of same |
RU2299781C2 (ru) * | 2002-09-09 | 2007-05-27 | Иберия Эшланд Кемикал, С.А. | Вставка, способ ее изготовления и смесь для изготовления указанной вставки |
KR100890310B1 (ko) * | 2005-03-09 | 2009-03-26 | 이베리아 애쉬랜드 케미칼 쏘시에떼 퍼 아찌오니 | 슬리브, 슬리브의 제조 공정 및 상기 슬리브를 생성하기 위한 혼합물 |
US7282964B2 (en) * | 2005-05-25 | 2007-10-16 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Circuit for detecting transitions on either of two signal lines referenced at different power supply levels |
FR2887890B1 (fr) * | 2005-06-30 | 2007-10-12 | Snecma | Composition de materiau abradable, piece thermomecanique ou carter comprenant un revetement et procede de fabrication ou de reparation d'un revetement presentant cette composition |
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CN107073562A (zh) * | 2014-05-19 | 2017-08-18 | 卡萨·马里斯塔斯·阿斯特兰 | 可插入式冒口窝、砂模、包括可插入式冒口窝和砂模的模制设备和生产模制设备的方法 |
CN104139154B (zh) * | 2014-07-30 | 2016-04-27 | 吴江市液铸液压件铸造有限公司 | 一种酚醛树脂自硬砂及其制备方法 |
DE102016211948A1 (de) | 2016-06-30 | 2018-01-04 | HÜTTENES-ALBERTUS Chemische Werke Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Kern-Hülle-Partikel zur Verwendung als Füllstoff für Speisermassen |
WO2018047893A1 (ja) * | 2016-09-08 | 2018-03-15 | 旭有機材株式会社 | シェルモールド用樹脂組成物及びそれを用いて得られるレジンコーテッドサンド |
DE102020131492A1 (de) | 2020-11-27 | 2022-06-02 | Chemex Foundry Solutions Gmbh | Herstellverfahren, Gießformen, Kerne oder Speiser sowie Kit und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines metallischen Gussteils. |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6133340A (en) * | 1996-03-25 | 2000-10-17 | Ashland Inc. | Sleeves, their preparation, and use |
EP0993889A1 (en) * | 1998-10-09 | 2000-04-19 | Masamitsu Miki | Foundry exothermic assembly |
US6286585B1 (en) | 2000-03-21 | 2001-09-11 | Ashland Inc. | Sleeve mixes containing stabilized microspheres and their use in making riser sleeves |
US6335387B1 (en) | 2000-03-21 | 2002-01-01 | Ashland Inc. | Insulating sleeve compositions containing fine silica and their use |
US7455798B2 (en) | 2002-08-23 | 2008-11-25 | James Hardie International Finance B.V. | Methods for producing low density products |
US8993462B2 (en) | 2006-04-12 | 2015-03-31 | James Hardie Technology Limited | Surface sealed reinforced building element |
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