EP1543897B1 - Sleeve, production method thereof and mixture for production of same - Google Patents
Sleeve, production method thereof and mixture for production of same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1543897B1 EP1543897B1 EP02770003A EP02770003A EP1543897B1 EP 1543897 B1 EP1543897 B1 EP 1543897B1 EP 02770003 A EP02770003 A EP 02770003A EP 02770003 A EP02770003 A EP 02770003A EP 1543897 B1 EP1543897 B1 EP 1543897B1
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- Prior art keywords
- sleeve
- exothermic
- curing
- procedure according
- production
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
- B22C9/088—Feeder heads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
- B22C9/084—Breaker cores
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
- B22D7/06—Ingot moulds or their manufacture
- B22D7/10—Hot tops therefor
- B22D7/104—Hot tops therefor from exothermic material only
Definitions
- This invention refers to exothermic sleeves for obtaining mini-deadheads applicable in the obtaining of cast pieces, especially in ductile iron, and to the procedure for its production by blowing and curing.
- the production of cast metallic pieces comprises the pouring of the molten metal into a mould, the solidification of the metal by cooling and the de-moulding or extraction of the piece formed by means of the removal or destruction of the mould.
- the moulds can be metallic or they can be formed by aggregates of different materials (ceramics, graphite and, mainly, sand). These moulds need to have some sprues or runners for communication between the internal cavity and the exterior, through which the molten metal is poured in the moulding or casting phase. Due to the contraction of the metal during the cooling process, some overflows have to be foreseen in the mould which are filled with reserve molten metal with the object of forming a deadhead intended to offset the contractions or cavities in the metal. The purpose of the deadhead is to feed the piece when the melt contracts in this, for which reason the metal has to remain in the deadhead in a liquid state for a longer period of time than the piece. For this reason, the deadheads are usually covered with some sleeves, consisting of insulating and/or exothermic materials, which slow the cooling of the metal contained in the deadheads in order to guarantee the fluidity thereof when cavity voids are produced in the cast metal.
- exothermic sleeves around the deadheads allows contraction problems to be reduced and the quality of the cast pieces to be improved, which allows smaller deadheads (mini-deadheads) to be employed which improve production and reduce the contact surface of the deadhead with the cast piece, the elimination of which costs money.
- Exothermic sleeves are known based on fibres manufactured in a wet process starting with a fibrous refractory material combined with a mixture of materials capable of producing an exothermic reaction constituted by an oxidizable metal, in which aluminium is habitually the most used, an oxidizing agent and a fusing agent or initiator of the exothermic reaction which, habitually, is a fluorinated compound.
- the oxidizable metal when mixed with the oxidizing agent and the fusing agent and exposed to extreme heat, is oxidized liberating heat in proportion to the advancing reaction.
- Exothermic sleeves are also known based on sand, highly appreciated in ductile iron foundries.
- the composition of these high-density sand-based sleeves contains a greater quantity of aluminium very high so that the amount of heat produced is very high. This heat is necessary to raise the temperature of the sand-based sleeve before favourably influencing the temperature of the metal in the deadhead.
- the patent application WO-A1-97/00172 discloses a procedure for blowing and cold box curing to manufacture dimensionally accurate, exothermic and/or insulating sleeves, based on a mixture blowable into a mould, said mixture consisting of microspheres of aluminium silicate with an alumina content of less than 38% by weight, a binding agent for cold box curing and, optionally, some non-fibrous loads.
- a typical composition for the production of exothermic sleeves comprises hollow microspheres with an alumina content of less than 38% by weight, aluminium powder, iron oxide and cryolite as fluorinated flux.
- Patent ES-A-2 155 001 discloses an exothermic casting sleeve which has openings at both ends, both openings having a cylindrical shape.
- the sleeve comprises insulating refractory material in the form of hollow microspheres of aluminium silicate, at least one of Al, Mg, Si as an oxidizable metal, a salt of an alkaline or earth alkaline as an oxidizing agent, a binding agent for curing and a curing catalyst.
- the invention arises from the challenge of furnishing a sleeve for obtaining mini-deadheads which does not require the use of a fluoride-free biscuit, nor of any other element to avoid contact of the sleeve with the piece and which, moreover, produces in the deadhead a notch to facilitate its later separation from the cast piece and all this based on a blowable mixture, without fluorine, capable of producing an exothermic reaction for the provision of the heat required.
- the procedure for the production by blowing and cold box curing of an exothermic sleeve for foundry moulds comprises the following steps:
- mixture for the production of the exothermic sleeve comprises:
- Hollow microspheres of aluminium silicate are basically used as insulating material. Mixtures of these aluminium silicate spheres with sand can also be used, when it is necessary to improve the mechanical properties of the sleeve, to the detriment of the insulating properties.
- oxidizable metals aluminium silicon and others can be used.
- aluminium in a combination of fine and coarse powder.
- oxidizing agents nitrates, chlorates, permanganates and metallic oxides such as iron and magnesium oxide can be used and, of course, combinations of these compounds.
- magnesium is used as initiator of the exothermic reaction.
- the double chamfer (8) of the sleeve will produce in the deadhead a rut or slot equivalent in form which defines and facilitates the cutting line for the separation of the deadhead from the piece.
- the insulating/refractory material (a.1) present in the fluoride-free composition for the production of sleeves is a material which basically comprises hollow microspheres of aluminium silicate, although it could also contain a certain quantity of sand, on the assumption that, by sacrificing insulating capacity, it is desired to improve the mechanical properties of the sleeve.
- the quantity of insulating/refractory material (a.1) will be between 30 and 70% by weight with respect to the total of the fluoride-free composition.
- the exothermic material (a.2) present in the fluoride-free composition for the production of sleeves comprises an oxidizable metal and an oxidizing agent capable of producing an exothermic reaction, wherein said exothermic material might comprise:
- a property of the composition for the production of the exothermic sleeves according to the present invention resides in that said composition comes without the inorganic fluorinated flux habitually utilized as initiators of the exothermic reaction. Magnesium is used in place thereof, which reacts at a lower temperature whereby the exothermic reaction produced between the oxidizable metal and the oxidizing agent begins earlier.
- the reaction between the oxidizable metal and the oxidizing agent is an exothermic reaction which produces heat thereby enhancing the heating properties of the exothermic sleeves.
- the loss of temperature is reduced of the molten material in the sprue, which is kept hotter and liquid for a longer time.
- the quantity of oxidizable metal present in the exothermic material (a.2) will be between 20 and 30% by weight with respect to the total of the fluoride-free composition for the production of the sleeve.
- the procedure disclosed by this invention allows exothermic sleeves to be obtained with the desired balance of insulating and exothermic properties merely by using the quantities of insulating material (a.1) and of material exothermic (a.2) present in component A in the appropriate ratios by weight.
- the cold box curing binding agents which can be used in the mixture for the production of sleeves according to the sleeve manufacturing procedure disclosed by this invention are known. In principle, any cold box curing binding agent can be used which is capable of maintaining the fluoride-free composition for the production of sleeves in the form of a sleeve and polymerise in presence of a curing catalyst.
- this cold box curing binding agent is selected from among the epoxy acrylic resins activated by SO 2 (gas) and the phenol-urethane resins activated by amine (gas) known as cold box curing binding agents EXACTCAST® (Ashland).
- the necessary quantity of cold box curing binding agent is the effective quantity to maintain the form of the sleeve and to permit its effective curing, that is, a quantity such as allows a sleeve to be produced which can be handled after the curing process.
- the quantity of cold box curing binding agent will be between 1 and 10% with respect to the total of the composition for the production of the sleeve.
- the catalyst for cold box curing is applied in gas form and is made to pass through the sleeve until the latter reaches a manageable consistency.
- the catalyst in the gaseous phase can be an amine, carbon dioxide, methyl formate, sulphur dioxide, etc. depending on the cold box curing binder utilized.
- exothermic sleeves can be obtained with both internal and external dimensional accuracy, which can be coupled easily to the moulding assembly in the foundry after being manufactured with no need to carry out additional manipulations.
- the exothermic sleeve obtainable according to the procedure disclosed by this invention constitutes an additional aspect of the present invention.
- the sleeve (1) provided by this invention comprises:
- the double chamfer (8) present in the sleeve provided by this invention is due to the combined action of 2 cores (2,2') during the blowing of the mixture.
- the double chamfer (8) will define in the deadhead a rut or slot which facilitates the separation of the same from the cast piece.
- said plug (9) has no structural purpose nor does it intervene in the formation or action of the deadhead, and, for this reason, the material used in the production of the plug can be practically any material, advantageously, a cheap material, such as plastic, wood, sawdust, paper, sand, etc., or even the actual material constituting the sleeve.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This invention refers to exothermic sleeves for obtaining mini-deadheads applicable in the obtaining of cast pieces, especially in ductile iron, and to the procedure for its production by blowing and curing.
- The production of cast metallic pieces comprises the pouring of the molten metal into a mould, the solidification of the metal by cooling and the de-moulding or extraction of the piece formed by means of the removal or destruction of the mould.
- The moulds can be metallic or they can be formed by aggregates of different materials (ceramics, graphite and, mainly, sand). These moulds need to have some sprues or runners for communication between the internal cavity and the exterior, through which the molten metal is poured in the moulding or casting phase. Due to the contraction of the metal during the cooling process, some overflows have to be foreseen in the mould which are filled with reserve molten metal with the object of forming a deadhead intended to offset the contractions or cavities in the metal. The purpose of the deadhead is to feed the piece when the melt contracts in this, for which reason the metal has to remain in the deadhead in a liquid state for a longer period of time than the piece. For this reason, the deadheads are usually covered with some sleeves, consisting of insulating and/or exothermic materials, which slow the cooling of the metal contained in the deadheads in order to guarantee the fluidity thereof when cavity voids are produced in the cast metal.
- The use of exothermic sleeves around the deadheads allows contraction problems to be reduced and the quality of the cast pieces to be improved, which allows smaller deadheads (mini-deadheads) to be employed which improve production and reduce the contact surface of the deadhead with the cast piece, the elimination of which costs money.
- Exothermic sleeves are known based on fibres manufactured in a wet process starting with a fibrous refractory material combined with a mixture of materials capable of producing an exothermic reaction constituted by an oxidizable metal, in which aluminium is habitually the most used, an oxidizing agent and a fusing agent or initiator of the exothermic reaction which, habitually, is a fluorinated compound. The oxidizable metal, when mixed with the oxidizing agent and the fusing agent and exposed to extreme heat, is oxidized liberating heat in proportion to the advancing reaction.
- Exothermic sleeves are also known based on sand, highly appreciated in ductile iron foundries. The composition of these high-density sand-based sleeves contains a greater quantity of aluminium very high so that the amount of heat produced is very high. This heat is necessary to raise the temperature of the sand-based sleeve before favourably influencing the temperature of the metal in the deadhead.
- In 1997 a fibre-free sleeve technology was introduced, furnishing a new alternative to the exothermic sleeves. The patent application
WO-A1-97/00172 - At the present time sleeves exist in the foundry industry for obtaining the so-called mini-deadheads, the function of which is also to feed liquid metal to the piece while the latter contracts during solidification.
- The fundamental difference with the conventional exothermic sleeves is that the latter maintain the metal liquid for a longer time, whereby the volume of metal necessary, this is, the mini-deadhead, is smaller for a same feeding operation.
- This result is achieved by increasing the exothermic load of the sleeve, but this increased exothermicity gives rise to undesired collateral problems, such as:
- 1. The excess of residual aluminium in the deadhead, which is later recast, gives rise to problems with pores in the molten pieces.
The defect known as "fish-eye" is a surface flaw in the cast piece, originated by the accumulation of materials produced in the recovery of contaminated sand, fundamentally by the aluminium which is found in high proportions in exothermic sleeves.
This defect can be overcome by the use of, for example, hollow microspheres of aluminium silicate with a low content of alumina, such as that described inWO-A-97/00172 - 2. Degradation of the nodules in the area of contact of the sleeve with the piece which results in the rejection of pieces through non-compliance with the specifications for nodulation required by the client.
This second problem is originated by the excess of fluorine proceeding from the fluorinated materials which are habitually used as initiating charge in the exothermic reaction.
To avoid this problem, either the sleeve is not put in contact with the piece, which makes it necessary to use more metal, or an intermediate, fluoride-free biscuit is used, stuck to the mouth of the sleeve and having an equivalent central hole, which prevents contact of the actual sleeve with the piece. This biscuit, its production and securing to the sleeve, signify a substantial additional expense. - Patent
ES-A-2 155 001 - The invention arises from the challenge of furnishing a sleeve for obtaining mini-deadheads which does not require the use of a fluoride-free biscuit, nor of any other element to avoid contact of the sleeve with the piece and which, moreover, produces in the deadhead a notch to facilitate its later separation from the cast piece and all this based on a blowable mixture, without fluorine, capable of producing an exothermic reaction for the provision of the heat required.
- As defined in
claim 1 the procedure for the production by blowing and cold box curing of an exothermic sleeve for foundry moulds comprises the following steps: - (A) introducing, by blowing, in a cold box curing mould in the space defined between the mould and two cores, which are in line with each other and touch each other, a mixture for the production of an exothermic sleeve, thereby obtaining an uncured sleeve, open at both its ends, the respective lengths of the two cores and the configuration of their ends touching each other being such that the opening of the mouth of the uncured sleeve has an internal double chamfer, whilst the other opening is normally flat,
- (B) bringing the uncured sleeve prepared in (A) into contact with a cold box curing catalyst for curing said uncured sleeve;
- (C) leaving the sleeve resulting from (B) in the mould to be cured;
- (D) removing the cured sleeve from the mould; and
- (E) locating a plug in the orifice of the base of the cured sleeve opposite the mouth of the sleeve.
- Herein the mixture for the production of the exothermic sleeve comprises:
- a. a fluoride-free composition for the production of sleeves which comprises:
- a.1) an insulating/refractory material
- a.2) an exothermic mixture based on an oxidizable metal, an oxidizing agent capable of producing an exothermic reaction and magnesium as initiator element of the reaction;
- b. a binding agent for cold box curing
- Hollow microspheres of aluminium silicate are basically used as insulating material. Mixtures of these aluminium silicate spheres with sand can also be used, when it is necessary to improve the mechanical properties of the sleeve, to the detriment of the insulating properties.
- As oxidizable metals aluminium, silicon and others can be used. Preferably aluminium in a combination of fine and coarse powder.
- As oxidizing agents, nitrates, chlorates, permanganates and metallic oxides such as iron and magnesium oxide can be used and, of course, combinations of these compounds.
- As initiator of the exothermic reaction, magnesium is used.
- Once this mixture is blown into the mould, the sleeve extracted and cured, the orifice opposite the mouth is closed with a plug which can be made of plastic, wood, sawdust, sand, etc. and even of the same material as the sleeve.
- The use of these sleeves allows the manufacture of high quality pieces, without degradation of the graphite nodules in the deadhead-piece contact zone, at reduced cost, comparatively less than that of other conventional procedures which deliver pieces of similar quality based on contact between the deadhead and the piece through an intermediate biscuit.
-
- Figure 1 illustrates the steps for the production of a sleeve by means of a conventional procedure of blowing and cold box curing pertaining to the state of the art. In this case, the mixture for the production of sleeves is blown into a mould (3) with the collaboration of a core (2) [Figure 1A]; next, the sleeve (1) is cured and de-moulded leaving the void intended for the deadhead (4) [Figure 1B]; and, finally, an intermediate biscuit (5) is applied which has an orifice (6) for the melt to pass [Figure 1C].
- Figure 2 illustrates the steps for production of an exothermic sleeve according to the procedure of blowing and cold box curing disclosed by the present invention.
- As can be appreciated in Figure 2, contrary to the conventional procedures pertaining to the state of the art (see Figure 1), in the procedure disclosed by this invention, the fluoride-free mixture for the production of exothermic sleeves is blown inside a mould, in the space defined between the mould (3) and the cores (2,2') [Figure 2A]. The cores (2,2') as well as allowing the subsequent extraction of the sleeve, produce a double chamfer (8) in the mouth thereof. When the sleeve (1) is cured, it is de-moulded leaving the void intended for the deadhead (4) [Figure 2B]; and, finally, a plug (9) is located in an open end of the sleeve (1) for the purpose of preventing sand or of any other undesirable element from entering inside the cavity intended for the deadhead during the casting operation [Figure 2C].
- The double chamfer (8) of the sleeve, will produce in the deadhead a rut or slot equivalent in form which defines and facilitates the cutting line for the separation of the deadhead from the piece.
- The insulating/refractory material (a.1) present in the fluoride-free composition for the production of sleeves is a material which basically comprises hollow microspheres of aluminium silicate, although it could also contain a certain quantity of sand, on the assumption that, by sacrificing insulating capacity, it is desired to improve the mechanical properties of the sleeve.
- In general, the quantity of insulating/refractory material (a.1) will be between 30 and 70% by weight with respect to the total of the fluoride-free composition.
- The exothermic material (a.2) present in the fluoride-free composition for the production of sleeves comprises an oxidizable metal and an oxidizing agent capable of producing an exothermic reaction, wherein said exothermic material might comprise:
- (i) magnesium as initiator element of the exothermic reaction, together with one or more oxidizable metals, preferably a mixture of powdered and granulated aluminium.
- (ii) an oxidizing agent capable of reacting with the oxidizable metal and producing an exothermic reaction at the pouring temperature of the metal, said oxidizing agent being selected from the group formed by (a) salts of alkaline metals or alkaline earths, for example, nitrates, chlorates and permanganates of alkaline metals or alkaline earths; (b) metallic oxides, for example, iron and manganese oxides, preferably iron oxide; and (c) mixtures of (a) and (b). Said exothermic material (a.2) is in non-fibrous form, to be capable of being blown.
- A property of the composition for the production of the exothermic sleeves according to the present invention resides in that said composition comes without the inorganic fluorinated flux habitually utilized as initiators of the exothermic reaction. Magnesium is used in place thereof, which reacts at a lower temperature whereby the exothermic reaction produced between the oxidizable metal and the oxidizing agent begins earlier.
- The reaction between the oxidizable metal and the oxidizing agent is an exothermic reaction which produces heat thereby enhancing the heating properties of the exothermic sleeves. Thus, the loss of temperature is reduced of the molten material in the sprue, which is kept hotter and liquid for a longer time.
- Depending on the level of exothermic properties it is desired to attain in the sleeve, the quantity of oxidizable metal present in the exothermic material (a.2) will be between 20 and 30% by weight with respect to the total of the fluoride-free composition for the production of the sleeve.
- The procedure disclosed by this invention allows exothermic sleeves to be obtained with the desired balance of insulating and exothermic properties merely by using the quantities of insulating material (a.1) and of material exothermic (a.2) present in component A in the appropriate ratios by weight.
The cold box curing binding agents which can be used in the mixture for the production of sleeves according to the sleeve manufacturing procedure disclosed by this invention are known. In principle, any cold box curing binding agent can be used which is capable of maintaining the fluoride-free composition for the production of sleeves in the form of a sleeve and polymerise in presence of a curing catalyst. By way of example, use can be made of phenol resins, phenol-urethane resins, epoxy acrylic resins, alkaline phenol resins, resins of silicates, etc. activated by an appropriate catalyst in the gaseous phase. In a particular embodiment, this cold box curing binding agent is selected from among the epoxy acrylic resins activated by SO2 (gas) and the phenol-urethane resins activated by amine (gas) known as cold box curing binding agents EXACTCAST® (Ashland). - The necessary quantity of cold box curing binding agent is the effective quantity to maintain the form of the sleeve and to permit its effective curing, that is, a quantity such as allows a sleeve to be produced which can be handled after the curing process. By way of example, the quantity of cold box curing binding agent will be between 1 and 10% with respect to the total of the composition for the production of the sleeve.
- The catalyst for cold box curing is applied in gas form and is made to pass through the sleeve until the latter reaches a manageable consistency. The catalyst in the gaseous phase can be an amine, carbon dioxide, methyl formate, sulphur dioxide, etc. depending on the cold box curing binder utilized.
- Operating appropriately and selecting the components of the composition for the production of sleeves, exothermic sleeves can be obtained with both internal and external dimensional accuracy, which can be coupled easily to the moulding assembly in the foundry after being manufactured with no need to carry out additional manipulations.
- The exothermic sleeve obtainable according to the procedure disclosed by this invention constitutes an additional aspect of the present invention.
As can be appreciated in Figure 2, the sleeve (1) provided by this invention comprises: - (i) a body which surrounds the void intended to contain the deadhead (4) and which has a double chamfer (8) on the mouth thereof, and
- (ii) a plug (9) in the base opposite the mouth.
- The double chamfer (8) present in the sleeve provided by this invention is due to the combined action of 2 cores (2,2') during the blowing of the mixture. The double chamfer (8) will define in the deadhead a rut or slot which facilitates the separation of the same from the cast piece.
- Due to the manufacturing procedure of the sleeve provided by this invention, which comprises the combined action of 2 cores, 2 open ends are produced. One of said ends contains a double chamfer (8) whilst the other open end is closed with a plug (9) for the purpose of preventing sand or any other undesirable element from passing into the interior of the sleeve during the mounting of the same on the mould and, of course, during the casting operation. Thus, said plug (9) has no structural purpose nor does it intervene in the formation or action of the deadhead, and, for this reason, the material used in the production of the plug can be practically any material, advantageously, a cheap material, such as plastic, wood, sawdust, paper, sand, etc., or even the actual material constituting the sleeve.
- By way of comparison a table is provided below of blowable mixtures for obtaining exothermic sleeves with fluorinated and fluoride-free flux, according to the invention, for the same exothermal capacity.
COST OF THE MIXTURES FOR THE SAME DEGREE DE EXOTHERMICITY MINI-DEADHEADS WITH FLUORINE MINI-DEADHEADS WITHOUT FLUORINE MINI-DEADHEADS MADE OF SAND % % % Microspheres 56.0% 54.0% Microspheres Aluminium, fine 22.0% 22.0% 22.0% Aluminium, coarse 6.0% 6.0% 6.0% Fe3O4-Magnetite 4.0% 4.0% 4.0% Cryolite 4.0% 4.0% KNO3-Potassium nitrate 8.0% 10.0% 8.0% Magnesium 4.0% Sand 60/70 56.0% COST PER KILOGRAM OF MIXTURE 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
Claims (11)
- A procedure for the production by blowing and cold box curing of an exothermic sleeve for foundry moulds which comprises:(A) introducing, by blowing, in a cold box curing mould in the space defined between the mould and two cores, which are in line with each other and touch each other, a mixture for the production of an exothermic sleeve, thereby obtaining an uncured sleeve, open at both its ends, the respective lengths of the two cores and the configuration of their ends touching each other being such that the opening of the mouth of the uncured sleeve has an internal double chamfer, whilst the other opening is normally flat, in which said mixture for the production of exothermic sleeves comprises:a. a fluoride-free composition for the production of sleeves which comprises:a.1) an insulating/refractory materiala.2) an exothermic mixture based on an oxidizable metal, an oxidizing agent capable of producing an exothermic reaction and magnesium as initiator element of the reaction;b. a binding agent for cold box curing;(B) bringing the uncured sleeve prepared in (A) into contact with a cold box curing catalyst for curing said uncured sleeve;(C) leaving the sleeve resulting from (B) in the mould to be cured;(D) removing the cured sleeve from the mould; and(E) locating a plug in the orifice of the base of the cured sleeve opposite the mouth of the sleeve.
- Procedure according to claim 1, wherein said insulating material with refractory properties (a.1) is aluminium silicate in the form of hollow microspheres.
- Procedure according to claim 1, wherein said oxidizable metal is aluminium, preferably a mixture of fine and coarse powder of this metal.
- Procedure according to claim 1, wherein said oxidizing agent is selected from the group formed by salts of alkaline metals or alkaline earths, metallic oxides, and mixtures thereof.
- Procedure according to claims 1 and 4, in which said oxidizing agent is selected of the group formed by nitrates, chlorates and permanganates of alkaline metals or alkaline earths, iron oxide, manganese oxide, and mixtures thereof.
- Procedure according to claim 1, wherein said exothermic material (a.2) is in non-fibrous form, that is, in blowable form.
- Procedure according to claim 1, wherein said cold box curing binding agent is selected from the group formed by phenol resins, phenol-urethane resins, acrylic epoxy resins, alkaline phenol resins and resins of silicates.
- Procedure according to claim 12, wherein said cold box curing binding agent is selected from the group formed by acrylic epoxy resins activated by SO2 (gas) and phenol-urethane resins activated by amine (gas).
- Procedure according to claim 1, wherein, in stage (B), the uncured sleeve prepared in stage (A) is put in contact with a catalyst in the gaseous phase suitable for curing said sleeve.
- Procedure according to claim 1, wherein said catalyst for curing the uncured sleeve is a catalyst in the gaseous phase selected from among a gaseous amine to activate phenol-urethane resins; SO2 (gas) to activate acrylic epoxy resins; CO2 (gas) or methyl formate (gas) to activate alkaline phenol resins; and CO2 (gas) to activate sodium silicate resins.
- Sleeve made according to the method of claim 1, characterised in that when moulded, de-moulded and cured, it has a mouth for the entrance of the melt which has to form the deadhead provided with an internal peripheral chamfer, which will produce in the deadhead a rut or slot of equivalent geometry, whilst the orifice opposite the mouth is closed with a plug of plastic, wood, sawdust, sand or even of the actual material which constitutes the sleeve.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SI200230596T SI1543897T1 (en) | 2002-09-09 | 2002-09-09 | Sleeve, production method thereof and mixture for production of same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/ES2002/000422 WO2004022262A1 (en) | 2002-09-09 | 2002-09-09 | Sleeve, production method thereof and mixture for production of same |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1543897A1 EP1543897A1 (en) | 2005-06-22 |
EP1543897B1 true EP1543897B1 (en) | 2007-06-20 |
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EP02770003A Expired - Lifetime EP1543897B1 (en) | 2002-09-09 | 2002-09-09 | Sleeve, production method thereof and mixture for production of same |
Country Status (16)
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US (2) | US20050247424A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1543897B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4413780B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1305601C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE365086T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2002336110B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR0215879B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2498240C (en) |
DE (1) | DE60220841T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK1543897T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2288560T3 (en) |
HK (1) | HK1078288A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA05002612A (en) |
PT (1) | PT1543897E (en) |
SI (1) | SI1543897T1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004022262A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2601721C2 (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2016-11-10 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Нижегородский государственный технический университет им. Р.Е. Алексеева" (НГТУ) | Exothermal mixture for heating lost heads of steel and cast iron castings |
WO2022219156A1 (en) | 2021-04-16 | 2022-10-20 | Foseco International Limited | Refractory article and composition |
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JP4749948B2 (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2011-08-17 | 滲透工業株式会社 | Exothermic molding for casting |
DE102008058205A1 (en) * | 2008-11-20 | 2010-07-22 | AS Lüngen GmbH | Molding material mixture and feeder for aluminum casting |
CN101549387B (en) * | 2009-05-18 | 2011-04-20 | 谢锦荣 | A cylindrical insulating riser base |
US20130139994A1 (en) | 2010-06-08 | 2013-06-06 | Ask Chemicals España, S.A. | Method for producing a metal part |
CN102328027A (en) * | 2011-07-13 | 2012-01-25 | 中核苏阀横店机械有限公司 | Heat insulation riser anti-plugging structure |
CN103551515B (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2015-05-13 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Exothermic heat-preservation feeder for casting and preparation method of feeder |
CN103586416B (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2015-06-17 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Preparation method for fluoride-free exothermic insulating riser |
CN108296446B (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2019-11-05 | 宁夏共享能源有限公司 | Casting incubation riser of persistent fever and preparation method thereof |
USD872781S1 (en) | 2018-04-13 | 2020-01-14 | Foseco International Limited | Breaker core |
CN111889629A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-06 | 欧区爱铸造材料(中国)有限公司 | Fluorine-free efficient exothermic agent for heating casting riser |
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DE2146031A1 (en) * | 1971-09-15 | 1973-03-22 | Eduard Dipl Ing Baur | CASTING FORM AND CUP-SHAPED FUNNELS FOR CASTING FORMS |
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US4008109A (en) * | 1975-07-01 | 1977-02-15 | Chemincon Incorporated | Shaped heat insulating articles |
US4574869A (en) * | 1981-01-22 | 1986-03-11 | Foseco International Limited | Casting mould, and cavity former and sleeve for use therewith |
DE3600847A1 (en) * | 1986-01-14 | 1987-07-30 | Foseco Ges Fuer Chemisch Metal | METHOD, DEVICE AND FEEDING INSERTS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CASTING MOLDS |
US5252526A (en) * | 1988-03-30 | 1993-10-12 | Indresco Inc. | Insulating refractory |
AU654047B2 (en) * | 1991-10-03 | 1994-10-20 | Masamitsu Miki | Riser sleeve with neck-down core |
GB9308363D0 (en) * | 1993-04-22 | 1993-06-09 | Foseco Int | Refractory compositions for use in the casting of metals |
ES2134729B1 (en) * | 1996-07-18 | 2000-05-16 | Kemen Recupac Sa | IMPROVEMENTS INTRODUCED IN OBJECT APPLICATION FOR A SPANISH INVENTION PATENT N. 9601607 FOR "PROCEDURE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF EXACT SLEEVES AND OTHER ELEMENTS OF MAZAROTAJE AND FEEDING FOR CAST MOLDS. |
JP3153991B2 (en) * | 1997-10-01 | 2001-04-09 | 正光 三木 | Feeder sleeve |
JP3374242B2 (en) * | 1998-10-09 | 2003-02-04 | 正光 三木 | Exothermic assembly for castings |
DE19925167A1 (en) * | 1999-06-01 | 2000-12-14 | Luengen Gmbh & Co Kg As | Exothermic feeder mass |
US6360808B1 (en) * | 2000-06-19 | 2002-03-26 | Ashland Inc. | Exothermic sleeve compositions containing aluminum dross |
CN2465837Y (en) * | 2001-02-12 | 2001-12-19 | 盛天良 | Riser neck of dish type |
-
2002
- 2002-09-09 AU AU2002336110A patent/AU2002336110B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-09-09 AT AT02770003T patent/ATE365086T1/en active
- 2002-09-09 DK DK02770003T patent/DK1543897T3/en active
- 2002-09-09 DE DE60220841T patent/DE60220841T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-09 US US10/526,856 patent/US20050247424A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-09-09 SI SI200230596T patent/SI1543897T1/en unknown
- 2002-09-09 PT PT02770003T patent/PT1543897E/en unknown
- 2002-09-09 CA CA002498240A patent/CA2498240C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-09 ES ES02770003T patent/ES2288560T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-09 WO PCT/ES2002/000422 patent/WO2004022262A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-09-09 CN CNB028295897A patent/CN1305601C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-09-09 JP JP2004533521A patent/JP4413780B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-09-09 BR BRPI0215879-5A patent/BR0215879B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-09-09 MX MXPA05002612A patent/MXPA05002612A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-09-09 EP EP02770003A patent/EP1543897B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2005
- 2005-11-16 HK HK05110239A patent/HK1078288A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2601721C2 (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2016-11-10 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Нижегородский государственный технический университет им. Р.Е. Алексеева" (НГТУ) | Exothermal mixture for heating lost heads of steel and cast iron castings |
WO2022219156A1 (en) | 2021-04-16 | 2022-10-20 | Foseco International Limited | Refractory article and composition |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20080121363A1 (en) | 2008-05-29 |
CA2498240C (en) | 2009-05-19 |
DK1543897T3 (en) | 2007-09-24 |
JP4413780B2 (en) | 2010-02-10 |
HK1078288A1 (en) | 2006-06-09 |
WO2004022262A1 (en) | 2004-03-18 |
DE60220841D1 (en) | 2007-08-02 |
US20050247424A1 (en) | 2005-11-10 |
CN1305601C (en) | 2007-03-21 |
SI1543897T1 (en) | 2007-12-31 |
PT1543897E (en) | 2007-09-12 |
BR0215879B1 (en) | 2014-01-21 |
CN1668402A (en) | 2005-09-14 |
EP1543897A1 (en) | 2005-06-22 |
JP2005537935A (en) | 2005-12-15 |
AU2002336110A1 (en) | 2004-03-29 |
CA2498240A1 (en) | 2004-03-18 |
DE60220841T2 (en) | 2008-02-28 |
MXPA05002612A (en) | 2005-05-05 |
ES2288560T3 (en) | 2008-01-16 |
ATE365086T1 (en) | 2007-07-15 |
AU2002336110B2 (en) | 2009-09-03 |
BR0215879A (en) | 2005-08-02 |
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