EP1543897B1 - Hülse, herstellungsverfahren derselben und gemisch zur herstellung derselben - Google Patents

Hülse, herstellungsverfahren derselben und gemisch zur herstellung derselben Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1543897B1
EP1543897B1 EP02770003A EP02770003A EP1543897B1 EP 1543897 B1 EP1543897 B1 EP 1543897B1 EP 02770003 A EP02770003 A EP 02770003A EP 02770003 A EP02770003 A EP 02770003A EP 1543897 B1 EP1543897 B1 EP 1543897B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sleeve
exothermic
curing
procedure according
production
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02770003A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1543897A1 (de
Inventor
Jaime Prat Urreiztieta
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Iberia Ashland Chemical SA
Original Assignee
Iberia Ashland Chemical SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Iberia Ashland Chemical SA filed Critical Iberia Ashland Chemical SA
Priority to SI200230596T priority Critical patent/SI1543897T1/sl
Publication of EP1543897A1 publication Critical patent/EP1543897A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1543897B1 publication Critical patent/EP1543897B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
    • B22C9/088—Feeder heads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
    • B22C9/084—Breaker cores
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
    • B22D7/06—Ingot moulds or their manufacture
    • B22D7/10—Hot tops therefor
    • B22D7/104—Hot tops therefor from exothermic material only

Definitions

  • This invention refers to exothermic sleeves for obtaining mini-deadheads applicable in the obtaining of cast pieces, especially in ductile iron, and to the procedure for its production by blowing and curing.
  • the production of cast metallic pieces comprises the pouring of the molten metal into a mould, the solidification of the metal by cooling and the de-moulding or extraction of the piece formed by means of the removal or destruction of the mould.
  • the moulds can be metallic or they can be formed by aggregates of different materials (ceramics, graphite and, mainly, sand). These moulds need to have some sprues or runners for communication between the internal cavity and the exterior, through which the molten metal is poured in the moulding or casting phase. Due to the contraction of the metal during the cooling process, some overflows have to be foreseen in the mould which are filled with reserve molten metal with the object of forming a deadhead intended to offset the contractions or cavities in the metal. The purpose of the deadhead is to feed the piece when the melt contracts in this, for which reason the metal has to remain in the deadhead in a liquid state for a longer period of time than the piece. For this reason, the deadheads are usually covered with some sleeves, consisting of insulating and/or exothermic materials, which slow the cooling of the metal contained in the deadheads in order to guarantee the fluidity thereof when cavity voids are produced in the cast metal.
  • exothermic sleeves around the deadheads allows contraction problems to be reduced and the quality of the cast pieces to be improved, which allows smaller deadheads (mini-deadheads) to be employed which improve production and reduce the contact surface of the deadhead with the cast piece, the elimination of which costs money.
  • Exothermic sleeves are known based on fibres manufactured in a wet process starting with a fibrous refractory material combined with a mixture of materials capable of producing an exothermic reaction constituted by an oxidizable metal, in which aluminium is habitually the most used, an oxidizing agent and a fusing agent or initiator of the exothermic reaction which, habitually, is a fluorinated compound.
  • the oxidizable metal when mixed with the oxidizing agent and the fusing agent and exposed to extreme heat, is oxidized liberating heat in proportion to the advancing reaction.
  • Exothermic sleeves are also known based on sand, highly appreciated in ductile iron foundries.
  • the composition of these high-density sand-based sleeves contains a greater quantity of aluminium very high so that the amount of heat produced is very high. This heat is necessary to raise the temperature of the sand-based sleeve before favourably influencing the temperature of the metal in the deadhead.
  • the patent application WO-A1-97/00172 discloses a procedure for blowing and cold box curing to manufacture dimensionally accurate, exothermic and/or insulating sleeves, based on a mixture blowable into a mould, said mixture consisting of microspheres of aluminium silicate with an alumina content of less than 38% by weight, a binding agent for cold box curing and, optionally, some non-fibrous loads.
  • a typical composition for the production of exothermic sleeves comprises hollow microspheres with an alumina content of less than 38% by weight, aluminium powder, iron oxide and cryolite as fluorinated flux.
  • Patent ES-A-2 155 001 discloses an exothermic casting sleeve which has openings at both ends, both openings having a cylindrical shape.
  • the sleeve comprises insulating refractory material in the form of hollow microspheres of aluminium silicate, at least one of Al, Mg, Si as an oxidizable metal, a salt of an alkaline or earth alkaline as an oxidizing agent, a binding agent for curing and a curing catalyst.
  • the invention arises from the challenge of furnishing a sleeve for obtaining mini-deadheads which does not require the use of a fluoride-free biscuit, nor of any other element to avoid contact of the sleeve with the piece and which, moreover, produces in the deadhead a notch to facilitate its later separation from the cast piece and all this based on a blowable mixture, without fluorine, capable of producing an exothermic reaction for the provision of the heat required.
  • the procedure for the production by blowing and cold box curing of an exothermic sleeve for foundry moulds comprises the following steps:
  • mixture for the production of the exothermic sleeve comprises:
  • Hollow microspheres of aluminium silicate are basically used as insulating material. Mixtures of these aluminium silicate spheres with sand can also be used, when it is necessary to improve the mechanical properties of the sleeve, to the detriment of the insulating properties.
  • oxidizable metals aluminium silicon and others can be used.
  • aluminium in a combination of fine and coarse powder.
  • oxidizing agents nitrates, chlorates, permanganates and metallic oxides such as iron and magnesium oxide can be used and, of course, combinations of these compounds.
  • magnesium is used as initiator of the exothermic reaction.
  • the double chamfer (8) of the sleeve will produce in the deadhead a rut or slot equivalent in form which defines and facilitates the cutting line for the separation of the deadhead from the piece.
  • the insulating/refractory material (a.1) present in the fluoride-free composition for the production of sleeves is a material which basically comprises hollow microspheres of aluminium silicate, although it could also contain a certain quantity of sand, on the assumption that, by sacrificing insulating capacity, it is desired to improve the mechanical properties of the sleeve.
  • the quantity of insulating/refractory material (a.1) will be between 30 and 70% by weight with respect to the total of the fluoride-free composition.
  • the exothermic material (a.2) present in the fluoride-free composition for the production of sleeves comprises an oxidizable metal and an oxidizing agent capable of producing an exothermic reaction, wherein said exothermic material might comprise:
  • a property of the composition for the production of the exothermic sleeves according to the present invention resides in that said composition comes without the inorganic fluorinated flux habitually utilized as initiators of the exothermic reaction. Magnesium is used in place thereof, which reacts at a lower temperature whereby the exothermic reaction produced between the oxidizable metal and the oxidizing agent begins earlier.
  • the reaction between the oxidizable metal and the oxidizing agent is an exothermic reaction which produces heat thereby enhancing the heating properties of the exothermic sleeves.
  • the loss of temperature is reduced of the molten material in the sprue, which is kept hotter and liquid for a longer time.
  • the quantity of oxidizable metal present in the exothermic material (a.2) will be between 20 and 30% by weight with respect to the total of the fluoride-free composition for the production of the sleeve.
  • the procedure disclosed by this invention allows exothermic sleeves to be obtained with the desired balance of insulating and exothermic properties merely by using the quantities of insulating material (a.1) and of material exothermic (a.2) present in component A in the appropriate ratios by weight.
  • the cold box curing binding agents which can be used in the mixture for the production of sleeves according to the sleeve manufacturing procedure disclosed by this invention are known. In principle, any cold box curing binding agent can be used which is capable of maintaining the fluoride-free composition for the production of sleeves in the form of a sleeve and polymerise in presence of a curing catalyst.
  • this cold box curing binding agent is selected from among the epoxy acrylic resins activated by SO 2 (gas) and the phenol-urethane resins activated by amine (gas) known as cold box curing binding agents EXACTCAST® (Ashland).
  • the necessary quantity of cold box curing binding agent is the effective quantity to maintain the form of the sleeve and to permit its effective curing, that is, a quantity such as allows a sleeve to be produced which can be handled after the curing process.
  • the quantity of cold box curing binding agent will be between 1 and 10% with respect to the total of the composition for the production of the sleeve.
  • the catalyst for cold box curing is applied in gas form and is made to pass through the sleeve until the latter reaches a manageable consistency.
  • the catalyst in the gaseous phase can be an amine, carbon dioxide, methyl formate, sulphur dioxide, etc. depending on the cold box curing binder utilized.
  • exothermic sleeves can be obtained with both internal and external dimensional accuracy, which can be coupled easily to the moulding assembly in the foundry after being manufactured with no need to carry out additional manipulations.
  • the exothermic sleeve obtainable according to the procedure disclosed by this invention constitutes an additional aspect of the present invention.
  • the sleeve (1) provided by this invention comprises:
  • the double chamfer (8) present in the sleeve provided by this invention is due to the combined action of 2 cores (2,2') during the blowing of the mixture.
  • the double chamfer (8) will define in the deadhead a rut or slot which facilitates the separation of the same from the cast piece.
  • said plug (9) has no structural purpose nor does it intervene in the formation or action of the deadhead, and, for this reason, the material used in the production of the plug can be practically any material, advantageously, a cheap material, such as plastic, wood, sawdust, paper, sand, etc., or even the actual material constituting the sleeve.

Claims (11)

  1. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer exothermen Hülse für Gießformen durch Blasen und Cold-Box-Härten umfassend:
    A) Einführen durch Blasen, in eine Form zum Cold-Box-Härten / in den Raum, welcher zwischen der Form und zwei Kernen definiert wird, welche zueinander ausgerichtet sind und einander berühren, einer Mischung zur Herstellung einer exothermen Hülse, wodurch eine ungehärtete Hülse erhalten wird, die an beiden Enden offen ist, wobei die jeweiligen Längen der zwei Kerne und der Aufbau der Enden, welche einander berühren, solchermaßen ist, dass die Öffnung des Mundstückes bzw. der Mündung der ungehärteten Hülse eine innere doppelte Fase aufweist, während die andere Öffnung normal flach ist, wobei die Mischung zur Herstellung der exothermen Hülse umfasst:
    a. eine fluoridfreie Zusammensetzung zur Herstellung von Hülsen, welche umfasst:
    a.1) ein isolierendes/feuerfestes Material
    a.2) eine exotherme Mischung, basierend auf einem oxidierbaren Metall, einem Oxidationsmittel, welches geeignet ist, eine exotherme Reaktion zu erzeugen, und Magnesium als Initiatorelement der Reaktion.
    b. ein Bindemittel für das Cold-Box-Härten;
    B) in Kontakt bringen der ungehärteten Hülse, welche in (A) hergestellt wurde, mit einem Cold-Box-Härtungskatalysator, zum Härten der ungehärteten Hülse;
    C) Lassen der Hülse, welche aus (B) resultiert, in der Form, um gehärtet zu werden;
    D) Entfernen der gehärteten Hülse aus der Form; und
    E) Anordnen einen Stöpsels in der Öffnung der Basis bzw. Grundfläche der gehärteten Hülse, welche dem Mundstück bzw. der Mündung der Hülse gegenüberliegt.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei das isolierende Material mit feuerfesten Eigenschaften (a.1) ein Aluminiumsilikat in der Form von hohlen Mikrokugeln ist.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei das oxidierbare Metall Aluminium vorzugsweise eine Mischung aus feinem und groben Pulver dieses Metalls ist.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Oxidationsmittel gewählt wird aus der Gruppe, gebildet durch Salze von Alkalimetallen oder Erdalkalimetallen, metallischen Oxiden und deren Mischungen.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und 4, wobei das Oxidationsmittel gewählt ist aus der Gruppe gebildet durch Nitrate, Chlorate und Permanganate von Alkalimetallen oder Erdalkalimetallen, Eisenoxid, Manganoxid und Mischungen dieser.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei das exotherme Material (a.2) in nicht faserförmiger Form vorliegt, d.h. in blasbarer Form.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Bindemittel für das Cold-Box-Härten gewählt wird aus der Gruppe, gebildet durch Phenolharze, Phenolurethanharze, Acryl-Epoxidharze, alkalische Phenolharze und Harze von Silikaten.
  8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12, wobei das Bindemittel für das Cold-Box-Härten gewählt wird aus der Gruppe gebildet durch Acryl-Epoxidharze, aktiviert durch SO2 (Gas) und Phenol-Urethanharze, aktiviert durch Amin (Gas).
  9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei in Stufe (B), die in Stufe (A) hergestellte ungehärtete Hülse mit einem Katalysator in gasförmiger Phase in Kontakt gebracht wird, welcher geeignet ist, die Hülse zu härten.
  10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Katalysator zum Härten der ungehärteten Hülse ein Katalysator in der gasförmigen Phase ist, gewählt unter einem gasförmigen Amin zur Aktivierung von Phenol-Urethanharzen; SO2 (Gas) zur Aktivierung von Acryl-Epoxidharzen; CO2 (Gas) oder Methylformat (Gas), um alkalische Phenolharze zu aktivieren; und CO2 (Gas), um Natriumsilikatharze zu aktivieren.
  11. Hülse, hergestellt nach dem Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass, wenn sie geformt, entformt und gehärtet wurde, sie ein Mundstück bzw. eine Mündung zum Eingang der Schmelze aufweist, welche(s) den Gießkopf bildet, und mit einer inneren Umfangsfase versehen ist, welche in dem Gießkopf eine Furche oder einen Schlitz mit äquivalenter Geometrie bildet, während die Öffnung, welche dem Mundstück gegenüberliegt, mit einem Stopfen aus Plastik, Holz, Sägemehl, Sand oder sogar mit dem tatsächlichen Material, welches die Hülse bildet, verschlossen ist.
EP02770003A 2002-09-09 2002-09-09 Hülse, herstellungsverfahren derselben und gemisch zur herstellung derselben Expired - Lifetime EP1543897B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200230596T SI1543897T1 (sl) 2002-09-09 2002-09-09 Tulec, postopek izdelave in meĺ anica za proizvodnjo le-tega

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/ES2002/000422 WO2004022262A1 (es) 2002-09-09 2002-09-09 Manguito, procedimiento para su fabricación y mezcla para la producción de dicho manguito

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1543897A1 EP1543897A1 (de) 2005-06-22
EP1543897B1 true EP1543897B1 (de) 2007-06-20

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EP02770003A Expired - Lifetime EP1543897B1 (de) 2002-09-09 2002-09-09 Hülse, herstellungsverfahren derselben und gemisch zur herstellung derselben

Country Status (16)

Country Link
US (2) US20050247424A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1543897B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4413780B2 (de)
CN (1) CN1305601C (de)
AT (1) ATE365086T1 (de)
AU (1) AU2002336110B2 (de)
BR (1) BR0215879B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2498240C (de)
DE (1) DE60220841T2 (de)
DK (1) DK1543897T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2288560T3 (de)
HK (1) HK1078288A1 (de)
MX (1) MXPA05002612A (de)
PT (1) PT1543897E (de)
SI (1) SI1543897T1 (de)
WO (1) WO2004022262A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2601721C2 (ru) * 2015-03-11 2016-11-10 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Нижегородский государственный технический университет им. Р.Е. Алексеева" (НГТУ) Экзотермическая смесь для обогрева прибылей стальных и чугунных отливок
WO2022219156A1 (en) 2021-04-16 2022-10-20 Foseco International Limited Refractory article and composition

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JP4749948B2 (ja) * 2006-06-23 2011-08-17 滲透工業株式会社 鋳造用発熱性造形品
DE102008058205A1 (de) * 2008-11-20 2010-07-22 AS Lüngen GmbH Formstoffmischung und Speiser für den Aluminiumguss
CN101549387B (zh) * 2009-05-18 2011-04-20 谢锦荣 一种圆柱形保温冒口的底座
ES2663280T3 (es) 2010-06-08 2018-04-11 Ask Chemicals España, S.A. Método de fabricación de una pieza metálica
CN102328027A (zh) * 2011-07-13 2012-01-25 中核苏阀横店机械有限公司 一种保温冒口防堵结构
CN103551515B (zh) * 2013-11-22 2015-05-13 哈尔滨理工大学 铸造用发热保温冒口及其制备方法
CN103586416B (zh) * 2013-11-28 2015-06-17 哈尔滨理工大学 一种无氟发热保温冒口的制备方法
CN108296446B (zh) * 2018-01-25 2019-11-05 宁夏共享能源有限公司 持续发热的铸造保温冒口及其制备方法
USD872781S1 (en) 2018-04-13 2020-01-14 Foseco International Limited Breaker core
CN111889629A (zh) * 2020-08-14 2020-11-06 欧区爱铸造材料（中国）有限公司 一种铸造冒口加热用无氟高效发热剂

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2601721C2 (ru) * 2015-03-11 2016-11-10 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Нижегородский государственный технический университет им. Р.Е. Алексеева" (НГТУ) Экзотермическая смесь для обогрева прибылей стальных и чугунных отливок
WO2022219156A1 (en) 2021-04-16 2022-10-20 Foseco International Limited Refractory article and composition

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT1543897E (pt) 2007-09-12
CA2498240C (en) 2009-05-19
ES2288560T3 (es) 2008-01-16
US20050247424A1 (en) 2005-11-10
SI1543897T1 (sl) 2007-12-31
DE60220841D1 (de) 2007-08-02
JP2005537935A (ja) 2005-12-15
ATE365086T1 (de) 2007-07-15
DE60220841T2 (de) 2008-02-28
EP1543897A1 (de) 2005-06-22
JP4413780B2 (ja) 2010-02-10
BR0215879B1 (pt) 2014-01-21
DK1543897T3 (da) 2007-09-24
CA2498240A1 (en) 2004-03-18
AU2002336110A1 (en) 2004-03-29
CN1305601C (zh) 2007-03-21
WO2004022262A1 (es) 2004-03-18
AU2002336110B2 (en) 2009-09-03
HK1078288A1 (en) 2006-06-09
MXPA05002612A (es) 2005-05-05
BR0215879A (pt) 2005-08-02
US20080121363A1 (en) 2008-05-29
CN1668402A (zh) 2005-09-14

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