WO1997043600A1 - Dispositif de guidage routier pour un vehicule - Google Patents
Dispositif de guidage routier pour un vehicule Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1997043600A1 WO1997043600A1 PCT/JP1997/000978 JP9700978W WO9743600A1 WO 1997043600 A1 WO1997043600 A1 WO 1997043600A1 JP 9700978 W JP9700978 W JP 9700978W WO 9743600 A1 WO9743600 A1 WO 9743600A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- intersection
- guidance
- traveling direction
- preceding vehicle
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
- G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
- G08G1/0968—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle
- G08G1/096805—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where the transmitted instructions are used to compute a route
- G08G1/096827—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where the transmitted instructions are used to compute a route where the route is computed onboard
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/26—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 specially adapted for navigation in a road network
- G01C21/34—Route searching; Route guidance
- G01C21/36—Input/output arrangements for on-board computers
- G01C21/3626—Details of the output of route guidance instructions
- G01C21/3629—Guidance using speech or audio output, e.g. text-to-speech
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/26—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 specially adapted for navigation in a road network
- G01C21/34—Route searching; Route guidance
- G01C21/36—Input/output arrangements for on-board computers
- G01C21/3626—Details of the output of route guidance instructions
- G01C21/3655—Timing of guidance instructions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
- G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
- G08G1/0968—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle
- G08G1/096855—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where the output is provided in a suitable form to the driver
- G08G1/096861—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where the output is provided in a suitable form to the driver where the immediate route instructions are output to the driver, e.g. arrow signs for next turn
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
- G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
- G08G1/0968—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle
- G08G1/096855—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where the output is provided in a suitable form to the driver
- G08G1/096872—Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle where the output is provided in a suitable form to the driver where instructions are given per voice
Definitions
- the present invention refers to a vehicle route guidance device that guides a driver in a direction in which the host vehicle should travel, particularly one that provides easy-to-understand guidance according to the behavior of a preceding vehicle.
- a navigation device that displays a current position on a map and guides a driving route has been known, and is often mounted on a vehicle.
- ⁇ By setting a destination, a route to the destination is set, and route guidance based on this set route is performed during driving.
- voice guidance for turning left and right at the intersection: 700 m, 300 m, 1 m before the intersection
- the user is notified by voice of a right or left turn at an intersection. For example, a voice such as “Turn left at the intersection of“ ⁇ m ahead ”” is emitted.
- the driver can know right and left turns at the intersection without looking at the display, and can perform suitable route guidance. It should be noted that such route guidance by voice is described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-1990 (Japan).
- intersection is not a normal crossroad but has a complicated shape (for example, a 5-junction, a 6-junction, a three-dimensional intersection, etc.), or if an intersection is close in an urban area, the normal “ ⁇ m ahead”
- the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an It is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle route guidance device capable of providing easy-to-understand route guidance.
- the present invention provides a vehicle route guidance device that guides a driver in a direction in which the host vehicle should travel, wherein the front vehicle traveling direction detecting means detects a traveling direction of a preceding vehicle existing in front of the host vehicle. And guidance means for designing the traveling direction of the vehicle based on the detected traveling directions of the vehicles.
- the forward vehicle traveling direction detecting means captures an image of a preceding vehicle, which is a vehicle immediately before the ⁇ vehicle, and detects the traveling direction of the preceding vehicle.
- the forward vehicle traveling direction detecting means receives forward direction-vehicle traveling direction information and determines the traveling direction of the preceding vehicle.
- information about the direction of travel of the vehicle ahead can be obtained from the optical beacon. By using this information, it is possible to estimate the forward direction of the vehicle ahead before the preceding vehicle reaches the guidance intersection. Therefore, suitable guidance can be performed using this.
- the present invention provides a vehicle route plan for guiding a driver in the direction in which the vehicle should travel, and a front vehicle position for detecting a position of a front vehicle existing in front of the vehicle. Means, and a means for guiding the traveling direction of the ⁇ vehicle based on the position of the preceding vehicle.
- the front vehicle position detecting means detects a distance between the vehicle and the S vehicle. It has an inter-vehicle distance sensor for detecting the vehicle position S immediately before.
- the inter-vehicle distance sensor can be constituted by a laser radar or the like, and thereby a suitable inter-vehicle distance can be detected.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the device of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the guidance operation.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the guidance operation.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the device of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of the first embodiment, and performs various processes for navigation ECU (Electric Control 'Unit) 1 ⁇ power; and route guidance.
- the navigation ECU 10 is connected to a DGPS (differential 'global' positioning 'system) device 12 as a vehicle position locating device.
- the DGPS 12 improves the detection position by matching GPS error information obtained from FM multiplex broadcasting or the like with a GPS device for specifying the position of the vehicle by receiving radio waves from artificial satellites. In other words, there is an error of about 100 m in the position assessment by GPS, but what the error is is detected by a predetermined fixed station, and this error is provided.
- the detection position is improved, for example, to about 1 m:
- a vehicle distance sensor 14 is connected to the navigation ECU 10. This The inter-vehicle distance sensor 14 detects the inter-vehicle distance between both vehicles by, for example, irradiating an infrared radar toward the front and receiving a reflected wave.
- An ACC (auto cruise control) device 16 is also connected to the navigation ECU 10.
- the throttle device 18 is connected to the AC device 16 and automatically adjusts the throttle opening so that the vehicle speed reaches the target vehicle speed. In other words, if the driver sets the target group speed, the throttle opening is controlled via the ACC device 16 and the throttle actuator 18 even if the driver does not operate the accelerator, and the vehicle speed is controlled. To the S-mark speed.
- the eighteenth device 16 uses the inter-vehicle distance sensor No. 4 to perform inter-vehicle distance control for controlling the inter-vehicle distance so that the inter-vehicle distance does not become less than the predetermined value when the inter-vehicle distance with the preceding vehicle becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value. People.
- the ACC device 16 can also be controlled by the navigation ECU10.
- a CCD camera 20 is also connected to the navigation ECU10.
- the CCD camera 2 () captures an image in front of the vehicle.
- the image processing unit in the navigation ECU 10 processes the obtained image, recognizes the vehicle ahead, and detects its movement. By doing so, the traveling direction and the like are detected. In other words, at least information such as whether the preceding vehicle in front of the vehicle is K-advanced or the vehicle has crossed an intersection is obtained through image processing. In addition, information such as whether an intersection is turned is determined by referring to the road shape obtained from the map data.
- the navigation database ECU 10 is connected to a map database 22.
- the map database 22 stores road information for the whole country.
- the navigation ECU 10 stores map data to be displayed for route guidance and the shape of roads used for route search. Information such as distance is obtained from the map database 22.
- the display 24 and the speed 26 are connected to the navigation ECU 10.
- a map showing the current location is displayed, and at a guidance intersection such as a right or left turn, a guidance map indicating the traveling direction is displayed.
- the speaker 26 gives an instruction to turn right or left by voice at the guidance intersection.
- the navigation ECU 10 also performs processing for image display and processing for audio output.
- the human power lining 28 receives various instructions such as destination data when setting a route. It is for input.
- the navigation ECU 10 sets the route using the data of the map database 22 or the like. Then, at an intersection where the vehicle turns right or left, a guidance screen is displayed on the display 24 and guidance is provided by voice.
- voice guidance is performed based on the position of the preceding vehicle.
- the guidance intersection is 300 m ahead (SI 1).
- SI 2 normal guidance is given to turn 300 m ahead at the intersection (right or left)
- S 13 normal guidance is given to turn 300 m ahead at the intersection (right or left)
- S15 it is determined whether the current location + D is a guidance intersection (S15). That is, it is determined whether the preceding vehicle has reached the guidance intersection. If not, return to S 13 and repeat.
- the guidance based on the preceding vehicle in S16 may incorporate not only the position of the preceding vehicle but also the movement of the preceding vehicle as described above.
- the right or left turn or straight ahead of the preceding vehicle can be detected from the image of the CCD camera 20, "turn left at the intersection where the preceding vehicle is going straight.”” Turn left at the intersection where the vehicle in front is turning right.
- FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of the second embodiment.
- a navigation ECU 10 is connected to a multiplex receiver 30, an optical beacon communication device 32, and a radio wave beacon communication device 34.
- the FM multiplex receiver 30 receives traffic information such as traffic congestion information multiplexed on a normal FM broadcast wave, and provides the received data to the navigation ECU 10.
- traffic information such as traffic congestion information multiplexed on a normal FM broadcast wave
- the above-described DGPS error information can also be received by this FM multiplex receiver 3 () .
- the optical beacon communication device 32 is for communicating with an optical beacon installed on the side of a road such as a general road, and can receive services of absolute position information and congestion information. Further, the radio beacon communication device 34 is for communicating with a radio beacon installed on the side of a road such as an expressway, and can receive the same services as the optical beacon communication device 32. .
- the optical beacon communication device 32 can receive the provision of the route guidance information when providing the destination in the traveling of the own vehicle. Therefore, the service provider using the optical beacon knows, to some extent, the route of the vehicle that provided the destination. Therefore, information on the traveling route of a certain vehicle can be provided to another vehicle.
- the information from the optical beacon is used to determine the behavior of the vehicle ahead and the behavior at the intersection. Guess and use this for guidance on turning left and right at the intersection. According to this method, guidance such as "Left turn at the intersection where the preceding vehicle turns right now" can be performed.
- vehicle-to-vehicle communication using an optical beacon can be performed.
- information on the behavior of the guidance intersection can be requested from the vehicle ahead and acquired. If direct communication of vehicles is possible, information may be obtained by this
- the driver can know the same direction without having to indicate it in the same direction, so that the driver can follow the preceding vehicle with a sound such as "ping-pong". You may let me know.
- control by position first embodiment
- control by communication second embodiment
- both may be provided and both pieces of information may be used.
- the guidance by communication can be used before the preceding vehicle reaches the guidance intersection, so this should be provided as guesswork information and the guidance should be complemented when the actual preceding vehicle actually reaches the guidance intersection. .
- a guidance sound such as "The vehicle has started ahead" is output according to the detection result of the inter-vehicle distance sensor 14.
- a guidance sound such as "The vehicle has started ahead" is output according to the detection result of the inter-vehicle distance sensor 14.
- the features of the preceding vehicle can be recognized by image processing and communication, and the “red car” or “truck” can be recognized. It is also preferable to specify the vehicle by expressions such as "".
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Audiology, Speech & Language Pathology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Navigation (AREA)
- Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Instructional Devices (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP97907449A EP0899542B1 (en) | 1996-05-14 | 1997-03-25 | Route guiding device for vehicle |
DE69730707T DE69730707T2 (de) | 1996-05-14 | 1997-03-25 | Routenführungsvorrichtung für fahrzeuge |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP11930696A JP3233017B2 (ja) | 1996-05-14 | 1996-05-14 | 車両用経路案内装置 |
JP8/119306 | 1996-05-14 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1997043600A1 true WO1997043600A1 (fr) | 1997-11-20 |
Family
ID=14758168
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1997/000978 WO1997043600A1 (fr) | 1996-05-14 | 1997-03-25 | Dispositif de guidage routier pour un vehicule |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6163750A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0899542B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3233017B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69730707T2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1997043600A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2328744A (en) * | 1997-08-28 | 1999-03-03 | Denso Corp | Route guidance across a traffic circle or roundabout |
EP0939297A3 (en) * | 1998-02-27 | 2000-11-02 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Vehicle position information displaying apparatus and method |
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JP4397983B2 (ja) * | 1998-10-28 | 2010-01-13 | 株式会社エクォス・リサーチ | ナビゲーションセンタ装置,ナビゲーション装置,及びナビゲーションシステム |
KR100727903B1 (ko) * | 2000-05-26 | 2007-06-14 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 네비게이션 시스템에서 주변 위치 정보 처리장치 및 그 방법 |
WO2002003033A1 (fr) * | 2000-07-04 | 2002-01-10 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Procede d'affichage de guidage dans un dispositif de navigation monte sur vehicule |
US6732024B2 (en) * | 2001-05-07 | 2004-05-04 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Method and apparatus for vehicle control, navigation and positioning |
JP2004156922A (ja) * | 2002-11-01 | 2004-06-03 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | ナビゲーション装置 |
JP4055656B2 (ja) | 2003-05-30 | 2008-03-05 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 衝突予測装置 |
EP1491857A1 (en) * | 2003-06-26 | 2004-12-29 | Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbH | Method for assisting navigation and navigation system |
US7366607B2 (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2008-04-29 | Fujitsu Ten Limited | Navigation apparatus |
JP4281559B2 (ja) * | 2004-01-15 | 2009-06-17 | 株式会社デンソー | ナビゲーション装置 |
JP4293917B2 (ja) * | 2004-01-26 | 2009-07-08 | アルパイン株式会社 | ナビゲーション装置及び交差点案内方法 |
JP2007232370A (ja) * | 2004-03-30 | 2007-09-13 | Pioneer Electronic Corp | 情報提示装置および当該情報の提示制御に用いられる情報提示プログラム等 |
CA2609663A1 (en) * | 2005-06-06 | 2006-12-14 | Tomtom International B.V. | Navigation device with camera-info |
CN102798397B (zh) * | 2005-06-06 | 2017-05-03 | 通腾科技股份有限公司 | 带有相机信息的导航装置 |
US8423292B2 (en) | 2008-08-19 | 2013-04-16 | Tomtom International B.V. | Navigation device with camera-info |
US7636632B2 (en) * | 2005-06-09 | 2009-12-22 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Intelligent navigation system |
US7830075B2 (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2010-11-09 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Reflector for transmission of a desired band of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation |
JP4946298B2 (ja) | 2006-09-19 | 2012-06-06 | 株式会社デンソー | 車両用ナビゲーション装置 |
JP4984844B2 (ja) * | 2006-11-21 | 2012-07-25 | アイシン・エィ・ダブリュ株式会社 | 合流案内装置および合流案内方法 |
JP4798549B2 (ja) * | 2006-12-01 | 2011-10-19 | 株式会社デンソー | 車載用ナビゲーション装置 |
EP1972894B1 (de) * | 2007-03-15 | 2011-06-15 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verfahren, computergestützte Vorrichtung und System zur Wegstreckenbestimmung |
US8314718B2 (en) * | 2009-10-02 | 2012-11-20 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Reducing the computational load on processors by selectively discarding data in vehicular networks |
US8340894B2 (en) | 2009-10-08 | 2012-12-25 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Method of dynamic intersection mapping |
US8818641B2 (en) | 2009-12-18 | 2014-08-26 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Method of intersection estimation for a vehicle safety system |
US8823556B2 (en) | 2010-09-02 | 2014-09-02 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Method of estimating intersection control |
US8618951B2 (en) | 2010-09-17 | 2013-12-31 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Traffic control database and distribution system |
US8618952B2 (en) | 2011-01-21 | 2013-12-31 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Method of intersection identification for collision warning system |
JP5533762B2 (ja) * | 2011-03-31 | 2014-06-25 | アイシン・エィ・ダブリュ株式会社 | 移動案内システム、移動案内装置、移動案内方法及びコンピュータプログラム |
EP2551638B1 (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2013-09-11 | Elektrobit Automotive GmbH | Technique for calculating a location of a vehicle |
JP5942615B2 (ja) * | 2011-08-11 | 2016-06-29 | 株式会社Jvcケンウッド | 進路案内装置、進路案内方法およびプログラム |
WO2013054375A1 (ja) * | 2011-10-12 | 2013-04-18 | 三菱電機株式会社 | ナビゲーション装置、方法およびプログラム |
US9410818B2 (en) | 2013-05-22 | 2016-08-09 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Navigation device |
KR102219268B1 (ko) * | 2014-11-26 | 2021-02-24 | 한국전자통신연구원 | 탐험 경로 협력형 내비게이션 시스템 및 그 제어 방법 |
DE102016207991B4 (de) * | 2016-05-10 | 2022-09-15 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur fahrsituationsabhängigen Wiedergabe einer Kartendarstellung in einem Fahrzeug |
KR102693159B1 (ko) | 2017-02-28 | 2024-08-08 | 주식회사 에이치엘클레무브 | 교차로 충돌 방지 시스템 및 방법 |
EP3627110B1 (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2023-10-25 | Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. | Method for planning trajectory of vehicle |
JP2020049994A (ja) * | 2018-09-25 | 2020-04-02 | 豊田合成株式会社 | 氷雪融解装置 |
JP2020101498A (ja) * | 2018-12-25 | 2020-07-02 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 運転支援装置、運転支援方法及び運転支援プログラム |
JP7172880B2 (ja) * | 2019-06-27 | 2022-11-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | サーバ装置および画像提供方法 |
DE102020101960A1 (de) | 2020-01-28 | 2021-07-29 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Unterstützung eines Nutzers bei der Routenführung entlang einer Route |
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JPH0267915A (ja) * | 1988-09-02 | 1990-03-07 | Hitachi Ltd | 車載用ナビゲーション装置 |
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1996
- 1996-05-14 JP JP11930696A patent/JP3233017B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1997
- 1997-03-25 DE DE69730707T patent/DE69730707T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-25 WO PCT/JP1997/000978 patent/WO1997043600A1/ja active IP Right Grant
- 1997-03-25 EP EP97907449A patent/EP0899542B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-11-04 US US09/185,576 patent/US6163750A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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JPH0267915A (ja) * | 1988-09-02 | 1990-03-07 | Hitachi Ltd | 車載用ナビゲーション装置 |
JPH0763572A (ja) * | 1993-08-31 | 1995-03-10 | Alpine Electron Inc | 車載用ナビゲーション装置の走行案内画像表示方法 |
JPH07114690A (ja) * | 1993-10-19 | 1995-05-02 | Aqueous Res:Kk | 案内装置 |
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JPH0886661A (ja) * | 1994-09-19 | 1996-04-02 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 走行経路誘導装置 |
JPH08145709A (ja) * | 1994-11-22 | 1996-06-07 | Japan Radio Co Ltd | 無線による移動体の誘導装置 |
JPH08159803A (ja) * | 1994-11-30 | 1996-06-21 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 車載用ナビゲーション装置 |
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JPH09126790A (ja) * | 1995-10-31 | 1997-05-16 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 車両用表示装置 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See also references of EP0899542A4 * |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2328744A (en) * | 1997-08-28 | 1999-03-03 | Denso Corp | Route guidance across a traffic circle or roundabout |
US6151552A (en) * | 1997-08-28 | 2000-11-21 | Denso Corporation | Route guidance apparatus |
GB2328744B (en) * | 1997-08-28 | 2002-02-13 | Denso Corp | Route guidance apparatus |
EP0939297A3 (en) * | 1998-02-27 | 2000-11-02 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Vehicle position information displaying apparatus and method |
US6289278B1 (en) | 1998-02-27 | 2001-09-11 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Vehicle position information displaying apparatus and method |
KR100675399B1 (ko) * | 1998-02-27 | 2007-01-29 | 가부시끼가이샤 히다치 세이사꾸쇼 | 차량위치정보표시장치 및 방법 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0899542A4 (en) | 2000-11-08 |
EP0899542B1 (en) | 2004-09-15 |
DE69730707D1 (de) | 2004-10-21 |
JPH09304102A (ja) | 1997-11-28 |
US6163750A (en) | 2000-12-19 |
DE69730707T2 (de) | 2005-09-29 |
EP0899542A1 (en) | 1999-03-03 |
JP3233017B2 (ja) | 2001-11-26 |
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