WO1996026892A1 - Generateur d'hydrogene - Google Patents
Generateur d'hydrogene Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1996026892A1 WO1996026892A1 PCT/JP1996/000434 JP9600434W WO9626892A1 WO 1996026892 A1 WO1996026892 A1 WO 1996026892A1 JP 9600434 W JP9600434 W JP 9600434W WO 9626892 A1 WO9626892 A1 WO 9626892A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- internal space
- supply pipe
- pipe
- catalyst
- supply
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 171
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 39
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 14
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007084 catalytic combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UZFMOKQJFYMBGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxy-TEMPO Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(O)CC(C)(C)N1[O] UZFMOKQJFYMBGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005233 alkylalcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- JUWSSMXCCAMYGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold platinum Chemical compound [Pt].[Au] JUWSSMXCCAMYGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01B—BOILING; BOILING APPARATUS ; EVAPORATION; EVAPORATION APPARATUS
- B01B1/00—Boiling; Boiling apparatus for physical or chemical purposes ; Evaporation in general
- B01B1/005—Evaporation for physical or chemical purposes; Evaporation apparatus therefor, e.g. evaporation of liquids for gas phase reactions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/0278—Feeding reactive fluids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/0285—Heating or cooling the reactor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/323—Catalytic reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds other than hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
- B01J2208/00309—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with two or more reactions in heat exchange with each other, such as an endothermic reaction in heat exchange with an exothermic reaction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00389—Controlling the temperature using electric heating or cooling elements
- B01J2208/00398—Controlling the temperature using electric heating or cooling elements inside the reactor bed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00504—Controlling the temperature by means of a burner
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hydrogen generator.
- the advantage of the above steam reforming method is that the hydrogen concentration in the obtained reformed gas is high.However, the disadvantage is that it requires a water storage means and a heating means, so that the structure is complicated and the size can be reduced. Difficulties, and (2) heating is necessary because of the endothermic reaction. As a result, the equipment can be mounted easily (the equipment becomes larger) and startability can be improved.
- the time from startup until the generation of hydrogen is determined by steam reforming.
- the reaction can be shortened as compared with an apparatus using the method, the reaction between methanol and oxygen is not sufficiently performed at room temperature immediately after the start due to the low activity of the catalyst, so that a sufficient amount of hydrogen generation can be obtained. Can not.
- the catalyst needs to reach the normal operating temperature (300 to 400).
- the technical object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen generator capable of reducing the time from when the apparatus is started to when a sufficient amount of hydrogen can be obtained.
- the technical measures taken in the invention of claim 1 in order to solve the above technical problem include a housing filled with a catalyst in the internal space, a supply pipe opened in the internal space, and a supply pipe opened in the internal space.
- Hydrogen generator having a blow-out pipe through which reformed gas generated by the reaction in the internal space exits from the internal space, a methanol supply means connected to the supply pipe, and an oxygen supply means connected to the supply pipe , A heating means is provided near the opening of the supply pipe.
- the technical measures taken in the invention of claim 2 include a housing filled with a catalyst in the internal space, a supply pipe opened in the internal space, and a reformed gas generated by reacting in the internal space. Blow-out pipe through which air exits the internal space, and methanol supply means connected to the supply pipe
- a hydrogen generator provided with an oxygen supply means connected to a supply pipe, a reformed gas storage means provided on a communication pipe communicating the supply pipe and the blow-out pipe to store a reformed gas; Disposed on the communication pipes on the supply pipe side and the blow-out pipe side of the reformed gas storage means.
- the technical measure taken in the invention of claim 3 is a catalyst located near the opening of the supply pipe. Then, a combustion catalyst is mixed.
- the technical measures taken in the invention of claim 4 include a housing filled with a catalyst in the internal space, a supply pipe opened in the internal space, and a modification generated by reacting in the internal space.
- a hydrogen generator equipped with a blow-off pipe through which the porous gas exits from the internal space, a metal supply means connected to the supply pipe, and an oxygen supply means connected to the supply pipe
- the technical measures taken in the invention of claim 5 are a housing filled with a catalyst in the internal space, a supply pipe opened in the internal space, and a reformed gas generated by reacting in the internal space. Comes out of the internal space
- the supply pipe has at least a large area and a small area.
- an opening selection means for selecting an opening for blowing out methanol and oxygen supplied from the methanol supply means and the oxygen supply means.
- the technical measures taken in the invention of claim 6 are a housing in which an internal space is filled with a catalyst, and a supply pipe opened in the internal space.
- the hydrogen generator has a plurality of housings and a housing selecting means for selecting a housing to which methanol and oxygen are supplied.
- the technical measures taken in the invention of claim 7 and claim 8 have a plurality of openings, and the opening and methanol Supply means and acid
- methanol and oxygen supplied to the supply pipe from the methanol supply means and the oxygen supply means are blown into the catalyst from the opening of the supply pipe.
- the mixed fluid of methanol and oxygen reacts as follows by contacting the catalyst.
- the reformed gas (mixed gas of carbon dioxide and hydrogen) generated by this reaction is sequentially blown out from the blowout pipe.
- the heating means disposed near the opening of the supply pipe provides
- the temperature of the catalyst near the opening of the supply pipe is improved, and then a mixed fluid of methanol and oxygen is supplied, and the reaction heat and the heat of the heating means return to the normal operating temperature in a short time. Heated until.
- the mixed fluid of methanol and oxygen becomes a mixed gas of carbon dioxide and hydrogen and is sequentially blown out from the blowing pipe by the same operation as the first aspect of the invention.
- the switching means sets the communication pipe on the blow-out pipe side of the reformed gas storage means to the communication state ⁇ , and the communication on the supply pipe side. By shutting off the pipe, a part of the reformed gas in the blow-out pipe is stored in the reformed gas storage means. When the apparatus is stopped, the switching means also shuts off the communication pipe on the blow-out pipe side of the reformed gas storage means, and seals the reformed gas in the reformed gas storage means. When the temperature of the catalyst does not reach the normal operating temperature and the reaction between methanol and air does not sufficiently occur, such as at startup, the switching means communicates with the communication pipe on the supply pipe side of the reformed gas storage means.
- the operation of the methanol supply means is stopped so that a mixed fluid of reformed gas and air is supplied into the housing.
- hydrogen which reacts more easily than methanol
- the reformed gas and air react as shown in the following formula, catalyze combustion, and the temperature near the opening of the supply pipe is reduced for a short time. It is improved by.
- the switching means shuts off the communication pipe on the supply pipe side of the reformed gas storage means and starts the operation of the methanol supply means, whereby methanol and oxygen react actively and a sufficient amount of hydrogen is generated. Is obtained.
- the catalyst located near the opening of the supply pipe is mixed with a combustion catalyst (preferably, platinum, gold, palladium, rhodium, or the like), so that the catalyst is located near the opening of the supply pipe. Hydrogen and oxygen in the reformed gas can be burned effectively.
- a combustion catalyst preferably, platinum, gold, palladium, rhodium, or the like
- the mixed fluid of methanol and oxygen becomes a mixed gas of carbon dioxide and hydrogen and is sequentially blown out from the blow-out pipe by the same operation as the invention of claim 1.
- the temperature of the catalyst when the temperature of the catalyst has not reached the normal operating temperature, such as at the time of starting, the space between the enclosure and the housing is heated by the heating means. As a result, the temperature of the catalyst is first raised, and then a mixed fluid of methanol and oxygen is supplied to reduce the reaction heat and the heat of the heating means. Therefore, it is heated to the normal operating temperature in a short time.
- the mixed fluid of methanol and oxygen becomes a mixed gas of carbon dioxide and hydrogen and is sequentially blown out from the blow-out pipe by the same operation as the invention of claim 1.
- the supply pipe has at least an opening having a large area and a small area, and the opening selecting means controls whether the mixed fluid of methanol and oxygen is blown out from the opening of either the large or the small.
- the opening selecting means controls whether the mixed fluid of methanol and oxygen is blown out from the opening of either the large or the small.
- the mixed fluid of tanol and oxygen becomes a mixed gas of carbon dioxide and hydrogen, and is blown out sequentially from the blowout pipe.
- the heat capacity of a single housing is reduced because the size of a single housing can be reduced to obtain the same amount of hydrogen generated by using a plurality of housings. For this 2 0, starting etc., even when the temperature of the catalyst does not reach the normal operating temperature, the reaction heat once you start supplying the mixed fluid rapidly increases the temperature of the catalyst in a short time to normal operating temperature Heated until. Further, if the mixed fluid is supplied to a plurality of housings by selecting the housing to which the mixed fluid is supplied by the housing selecting means, the amount of hydrogen generation can be rapidly increased. Can also be.
- the mixed fluid of methanol and oxygen flows into the internal space from the plurality of openings.
- the mixed fluid of methanol and oxygen is stirred in the stirring chamber before flowing into the internal space from the opening, and then flows into the internal space.
- FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of the hydrogen generator of the first embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a configuration diagram around a housing of a hydrogen generator of a second embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 shows a configuration diagram around a housing ⁇ of a hydrogen generator according to a third embodiment of the present invention (when not operating).
- FIG. 4 shows a configuration diagram around the housing of the hydrogen generator of the third embodiment according to the present invention (assuming that the catalyst has not reached the normal operating temperature).
- FIG. 5 shows a configuration diagram around the housing 15 of the hydrogen generator of the third embodiment according to the present invention (normal operation state).
- FIG. 6 shows a configuration diagram around the housing of the hydrogen generator of the fourth embodiment according to the present invention (when not operating).
- FIG. 7 shows a configuration diagram around the housing of the hydrogen generator of the fourth embodiment according to the present invention (when the catalyst has not reached the normal operating temperature).
- FIG. 8 shows a configuration diagram around a housing of a hydrogen generator of a fourth embodiment according to the present invention (normal operation state).
- FIG. 9 shows a configuration diagram around a housing of a hydrogen generator of a fifth embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a hydrogen generator of a sixth embodiment according to the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 10.
- FIG. 1 is a model diagram of the hydrogen generator of the first embodiment according to the present invention.
- a catalyst 11 is filled in an internal space 10 a of a housing 10.
- a copper catalyst, a nickel catalyst, a noble metal catalyst, or the like is used as the catalyst 11.
- a supply pipe 12 opened into the internal space 10a of the housing is inserted.
- An electric heater 13 as a heating means is disposed near the opening 12 a of the supply pipe 12.
- the supply pipe 12 is connected to a methanol supply unit and an oxygen supply unit described later.
- the methanol supply means sequentially supplies the methanol tank 20 for storing liquid methanol and the methanol stored in the methanol tank 20 to the supply pipe 12.
- a vaporizer 22 for vaporizing liquid methanol.
- the oxygen supply means includes an intake port 30 for taking in oxygen (air), a filter 31 for removing oxygen debris sucked from the intake port 30, and an air pump for sequentially supplying oxygen to the supply pipe 12. 3 2.
- a blow-out pipe 14 through which a reformed gas generated in the housing 10 flows out is attached.
- the reformed gas flowing through the blowing pipe 14 is supplied to, for example, a fuel cell and used as a power generation source.
- the supply pipe 12 and the blowing pipe 14 are connected by a communication pipe 15.
- a solenoid valve 40, 41 serving as a switching means and a solenoid valve 40, 41 are provided on the communication pipe 15.
- a hydrogen tank (reformed gas storage means) 16 to be used and a hydrogen permeable membrane 17 disposed between the hydrogen tank 16 and the solenoid valve 41 are provided.
- the operation control of the electric heater 13, the solenoid valves 40, 41, the methanol 51 pump 21, and the air pump 32 is performed by a control device (not shown).
- the hydrogen generator When the hydrogen generator is started, the activity of the catalyst is low because the temperature of the catalyst is at room temperature, and a sufficient amount of hydrogen cannot be obtained. For this reason, ⁇ 0 current is passed through the electric heater 13 to increase the temperature of the catalyst near the opening 12 a of the supply pipe 12 (hereinafter referred to as “hotspot HS”). C At the same time, the solenoid Switch the valve 40 to the position where the communication pipe 15 communicates, and then operate the air bomb 32.
- the catalyst of the hotspot HS is generated by the Joule heat generated from the electric heating tubes 13 and 5 and the reaction heat generated by catalytic combustion of hydrogen and oxygen supplied from the supply pipe 12. Heats to near normal operating temperature in a short time.
- the current supply to the solenoid valve 25 is cut off, the metal pump 21 is operated, the solenoid valve 40 is switched so as to shut off the communication pipe 15, and the solenoid valve 41 is connected to the communication pipe 15. Switch to communicate As a result, a mixed fluid of methanol and oxygen is supplied from the supply pipe 12 and reacts, and a reformed gas of hydrogen and carbon dioxide flows out from the blowing pipe 14.
- the catalyst when the temperature of the catalyst has not reached the normal operating temperature, such as at the time of starting, the catalyst is normally operated in a short time by the Joule heat of the electric heater 13 and the reaction heat generated by the catalytic combustion of hydrogen and oxygen. It can be heated up to the temperature, and as a result, a sufficient amount of hydrogen can be obtained in a short time.
- FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram around a housing 10 of a second embodiment according to the present invention. In the figure, only differences from the first embodiment will be described.
- the housing 10 is entirely covered with an enclosure member 50.
- a burner (heating means) 51 that is burned by methanol and oxygen is provided on the bottom surface of the enclosure member 50, and the temperature of the catalyst 11 reaches the normal operating temperature at the time of starting or the like by the burner 51.
- the burner 51 is ignited and the space between the housing 10 and the enclosure 50 is heated.
- the burner 51 warms the catalyst 11 in the same manner as the electric heater 13 of the first embodiment, and as a result, a sufficient amount of hydrogen can be obtained in a short time.
- 3 to 5 are configuration diagrams around a housing 10 of a third embodiment according to the present invention.
- the lined pipe 12 of the third embodiment has a double pipe structure having two large and small openings 12b and 12c, and is a mixed fluid of methanol and oxygen. Is switched between the larger and smaller openings 1 2b and 1 2c by the switching valve 18 that constitutes the opening selection means.
- the control device when the temperature of the catalyst 11 has not reached the normal operating temperature, such as at the time of starting, it is necessary to increase the flow rate of the mixed fluid to increase the temperature rising rate, and the control device is switched.
- the valve 18 By controlling the valve 18, the mixed fluid is blown out from the opening 12 c having a small area (FIG. 4). If the catalyst reaches the normal operating temperature, there is no need to increase the temperature rising speed, so the control means controls the switching valve 18 to supply the mixed fluid to the large-area opening 1 2 b of the supply pipe 12. (Fig. 5). This allows the catalyst 11 to be heated to normal operating temperature in a short time, resulting in sufficient hydrogen in a short time.
- FIGS 6 to 8 are configuration diagrams around the housing 10 of the fourth embodiment according to the present invention. In the figure, only differences from the third embodiment will be described.
- the supply pipe 12 of the fourth embodiment has two openings, large and small.
- the switching valve 18 of the third and fourth embodiments is switched, for example, by a solenoid valve.
- the control device controls the switching valve 18 so that the mixed fluid is blown out from the opening 12c having a small area (FIG. 7).
- the control means controls the switching valve 18 to supply the mixed fluid to the large-area opening 1 2 of the supply pipe 12. Make it blow out from b (Fig. 8).
- the catalyst 11 can be heated to the normal operating temperature in a short time, and as a result, a sufficient amount of hydrogen can be obtained in a short time.
- FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram around a housing 10 of a fifth embodiment according to the present invention. In the figure, only differences from the first embodiment will be described.
- the housing 10 of the fifth embodiment is composed of a plurality (three in the fifth embodiment) of 10 ′, 10 ′′, and 10 ′′ ′′.
- the mixed fluid of methanol and oxygen is selected to be supplied to any one of the housings by the selection valve 60 which is a housing selection means. , 10 '', 10 '', and 4 '', 14 '', 14 ''
- the size of one housing can be reduced in order to obtain the same hydrogen generation amount by forming a plurality of housings, so that the heat capacity of one housing is reduced. Is reduced. For this reason, the temperature of the catalyst 11 normally operates when starting
- FIG. 10 is a sectional view of the hydrogen generator of the sixth embodiment
- FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.
- a catalyst 11 is packed in an inner space 10 a of a cylindrical housing 10.
- the supply pipe 12 passes through the inside of the housing 10 and communicates with the center of the stirring chamber 70, around which a plurality (eight in the sixth embodiment) of openings 12a are provided. ing.
- the catalyst since the mixed fluid of methanol and oxygen flows into the internal space 10a from the plurality of openings 12a, the catalyst can be effectively used, and as a result, It can increase the amount of hydrogen generated per unit weight and unit volume, leading to improved performance and downsizing of the device. Further, the mixed fluid of methanol and oxygen is stirred in the stirring chamber 70 before flowing into the internal space 10a from the opening 12a, and then flows into the internal space 10a. When the catalyst comes into contact with the catalyst, the reaction easily occurs, and the startability and efficiency are improved.
- the temperature of the catalyst when the temperature of the catalyst has not reached the normal operating temperature, such as at the time of starting, the temperature of the catalyst near the opening of the supply pipe is reduced by the heating means arranged near the opening of the supply pipe.
- the heating means arranged near the opening of the supply pipe.
- the reformed gas stored in the reformed gas storage means is supplied when the temperature of the catalyst has not reached the normal operating temperature, such as at the time of starting, and the hydrogen in the reformed gas is supplied.
- the temperature near the opening of the supply pipe is improved in a short time by reacting oxygen with oxygen and causing catalytic combustion. Then, by stopping the supply of the reformed gas and starting the operation of the methanol supply means, the methanol and oxygen react vigorously to obtain a sufficient amount of hydrogen generated. Therefore, a sufficient amount of hydrogen can be obtained in a shorter time than in a method in which methanol and oxygen are reacted when the catalyst is not sufficiently heated.
- the catalyst located near the opening of the supply pipe is mixed with a combustion catalyst (preferably, platinum, gold, palladium, rhodium, etc.) to improve the vicinity of the opening of the supply pipe. Hydrogen and oxygen in the quality gas can be burned effectively.
- a combustion catalyst preferably, platinum, gold, palladium, rhodium, etc.
- the space between the surrounding member and the housing is heated by the heating means.
- the temperature of the catalyst is raised, and then a mixed fluid of methanol and oxygen is supplied and heated to the normal operating temperature in a short time by the reaction heat and the heat of the heating means. And a sufficient amount of hydrogen can be obtained.
- a small-area opening is provided in order to increase the flow rate of the mixed fluid to increase the temperature rising speed.
- the catalyst can be heated to the normal operating temperature in a short time, and as a result, a sufficient amount of hydrogen can be obtained in a short time.
- the housing is composed of a plurality of housings, so that the same amount of hydrogen can be obtained.
- the heat capacity of one housing is reduced because the size can be reduced. For this reason, even when the temperature of the catalyst has not reached the normal operating temperature, such as during start-up, if the mixed fluid is started to be supplied, the reaction heat rapidly raises the temperature of the catalyst, and the catalyst can quickly reach the normal operating temperature in a short time.
- the mixed fluid is supplied to a plurality of housings by selecting which housing the mixed fluid is supplied to by the housing selecting means, the amount of hydrogen generation can be sharply increased.
- the mixed fluid of methanol and oxygen flows into the internal space from the plurality of openings, so that the catalyst can be effectively used.
- the unit weight and the unit can be obtained.
- the amount of hydrogen generated per volume can be increased, which can improve performance and startability and reduce the size of the device.
- the mixed fluid of methanol and oxygen is stirred in the stirring chamber before flowing into the internal space from the opening, and then flows into the internal space.
- rebound is likely to occur, and efficiency is improved.
- the hydrogen generator according to the present invention includes a fuel cell, a hydrogen engine, and a gas.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP96903237A EP0757968A4 (en) | 1995-02-27 | 1996-02-26 | HYDROGEN GENERATOR |
CA002188653A CA2188653A1 (en) | 1995-02-27 | 1996-02-26 | Hydrogen generator |
US08/727,631 US5833723A (en) | 1995-02-27 | 1996-02-26 | Hydrogen generating apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP7/38792 | 1995-02-27 | ||
JP3879295 | 1995-02-27 | ||
JP23183395 | 1995-09-08 | ||
JP7/231833 | 1995-09-08 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1996026892A1 true WO1996026892A1 (fr) | 1996-09-06 |
Family
ID=26378081
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1996/000434 WO1996026892A1 (fr) | 1995-02-27 | 1996-02-26 | Generateur d'hydrogene |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5833723A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0757968A4 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2188653A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1996026892A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19639150A1 (de) * | 1996-09-24 | 1998-04-02 | Daimler Benz Ag | Zentrale Heizvorrichtung für ein Gaserzeugungssystem |
JP2005179082A (ja) * | 2003-12-16 | 2005-07-07 | Nippon Oil Corp | 水素製造装置および燃料電池システム並びにその運転方法 |
Families Citing this family (32)
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US7195663B2 (en) | 1996-10-30 | 2007-03-27 | Idatech, Llc | Hydrogen purification membranes, components and fuel processing systems containing the same |
US6537352B2 (en) | 1996-10-30 | 2003-03-25 | Idatech, Llc | Hydrogen purification membranes, components and fuel processing systems containing the same |
US6783741B2 (en) | 1996-10-30 | 2004-08-31 | Idatech, Llc | Fuel processing system |
US6494937B1 (en) | 2001-09-27 | 2002-12-17 | Idatech, Llc | Hydrogen purification devices, components and fuel processing systems containing the same |
US6376113B1 (en) | 1998-11-12 | 2002-04-23 | Idatech, Llc | Integrated fuel cell system |
DE19747010A1 (de) * | 1997-10-24 | 1999-04-29 | Dbb Fuel Cell Engines Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von wasserstoffhaltigem Gas |
JPH11130405A (ja) * | 1997-10-28 | 1999-05-18 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | 改質反応装置、触媒装置、それらに用いる発熱・触媒体、及び改質反応装置の運転方法 |
US6099811A (en) * | 1998-02-13 | 2000-08-08 | Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. | Self-heating metal-hydride hydrogen storage system |
DE19944540B4 (de) * | 1999-09-17 | 2005-01-13 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Reaktorsystem mit elektrischen Heizmitteln |
DE19947312A1 (de) * | 1999-10-01 | 2001-04-05 | Volkswagen Ag | Kraftstoffreformer und Verfahren zum Reformieren |
DE10101098A1 (de) * | 2001-01-12 | 2002-07-25 | Emitec Emissionstechnologie | Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Reformeranlage zur Bereitstellung von wasserstoffangereichertem Gas sowie Reformeranlage |
US20020114984A1 (en) * | 2001-02-21 | 2002-08-22 | Edlund David J. | Fuel cell system with stored hydrogen |
US6569227B2 (en) | 2001-09-27 | 2003-05-27 | Idatech, Llc | Hydrogen purification devices, components and fuel processing systems containing the same |
US6890672B2 (en) * | 2001-06-26 | 2005-05-10 | Idatech, Llc | Fuel processor feedstock delivery system |
DE10132673A1 (de) * | 2001-07-05 | 2003-01-16 | Ballard Power Systems | Reaktor zur katalytischen Umsetzung eines Brennmittels |
DE10144891A1 (de) * | 2001-09-12 | 2003-03-27 | Basf Ag | Alternatives Reaktorkonzept zur Blausäureherstellung |
US20030167690A1 (en) * | 2002-03-05 | 2003-09-11 | Edlund David J. | Feedstock delivery system and fuel processing systems containing the same |
US20030223926A1 (en) * | 2002-04-14 | 2003-12-04 | Edlund David J. | Steam reforming fuel processor, burner assembly, and methods of operating the same |
US7470293B2 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2008-12-30 | Idatech, Llc | Feedstock delivery systems, fuel processing systems, and hydrogen generation assemblies including the same |
US7632322B2 (en) | 2005-06-07 | 2009-12-15 | Idatech, Llc | Hydrogen-producing fuel processing assemblies, heating assemblies, and methods of operating the same |
EP1938415B1 (en) | 2005-09-16 | 2014-05-14 | Dcns Sa | Self-regulating feedstock delivery system and hydrogen-generating fuel processing assembly incorporating the same |
US7601302B2 (en) | 2005-09-16 | 2009-10-13 | Idatech, Llc | Self-regulating feedstock delivery systems and hydrogen-generating fuel processing assemblies and fuel cell systems incorporating the same |
US7972420B2 (en) | 2006-05-22 | 2011-07-05 | Idatech, Llc | Hydrogen-processing assemblies and hydrogen-producing systems and fuel cell systems including the same |
US7629067B2 (en) | 2006-05-22 | 2009-12-08 | Idatech, Llc | Hydrogen-producing fuel processing systems and fuel cell systems with a liquid leak detection system |
US7939051B2 (en) | 2006-05-23 | 2011-05-10 | Idatech, Llc | Hydrogen-producing fuel processing assemblies, heating assemblies, and methods of operating the same |
DE102007054768A1 (de) * | 2007-11-16 | 2009-05-20 | J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG | Reformer, Brennstoffzelle und zugehörige Betriebsverfahren |
US8262752B2 (en) | 2007-12-17 | 2012-09-11 | Idatech, Llc | Systems and methods for reliable feedstock delivery at variable delivery rates |
US10476093B2 (en) | 2016-04-15 | 2019-11-12 | Chung-Hsin Electric & Machinery Mfg. Corp. | Membrane modules for hydrogen separation and fuel processors and fuel cell systems including the same |
TWI644057B (zh) * | 2016-08-29 | 2018-12-11 | 愛烙達股份有限公司 | Gas burner |
CN107781810B (zh) * | 2016-08-29 | 2019-08-20 | 爱烙达股份有限公司 | 瓦斯燃烧装置 |
US11316180B2 (en) | 2020-05-21 | 2022-04-26 | H2 Powertech, Llc | Hydrogen-producing fuel cell systems and methods of operating hydrogen-producing fuel cell systems for backup power operations |
US11712655B2 (en) | 2020-11-30 | 2023-08-01 | H2 Powertech, Llc | Membrane-based hydrogen purifiers |
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JPS52134605A (en) * | 1976-05-06 | 1977-11-11 | Toyota Motor Corp | Production of reformed gas |
JPS6259501A (ja) * | 1985-09-04 | 1987-03-16 | ジヨンソン・マツセイ・パブリツク・リミテツド・カンパニ− | 接触水素発生装置及び接触水素発生方法 |
JPH04313339A (ja) * | 1991-04-12 | 1992-11-05 | Toyo Eng Corp | 触媒燃焼を利用した部分酸化改質反応器 |
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US4946667A (en) * | 1985-06-10 | 1990-08-07 | Engelhard Corporation | Method of steam reforming methanol to hydrogen |
GB8623482D0 (en) * | 1986-09-30 | 1986-11-05 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Catalytic generation of hydrogen |
JPH0333002A (ja) * | 1989-06-29 | 1991-02-13 | Hitachi Ltd | 水素製造装置 |
-
1996
- 1996-02-26 CA CA002188653A patent/CA2188653A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-02-26 US US08/727,631 patent/US5833723A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-02-26 EP EP96903237A patent/EP0757968A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-02-26 WO PCT/JP1996/000434 patent/WO1996026892A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS52134605A (en) * | 1976-05-06 | 1977-11-11 | Toyota Motor Corp | Production of reformed gas |
JPS6259501A (ja) * | 1985-09-04 | 1987-03-16 | ジヨンソン・マツセイ・パブリツク・リミテツド・カンパニ− | 接触水素発生装置及び接触水素発生方法 |
JPH04313339A (ja) * | 1991-04-12 | 1992-11-05 | Toyo Eng Corp | 触媒燃焼を利用した部分酸化改質反応器 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See also references of EP0757968A4 * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19639150A1 (de) * | 1996-09-24 | 1998-04-02 | Daimler Benz Ag | Zentrale Heizvorrichtung für ein Gaserzeugungssystem |
DE19639150C2 (de) * | 1996-09-24 | 1998-07-02 | Daimler Benz Ag | Zentrale Heizvorrichtung für ein Gaserzeugungssystem |
US6187066B1 (en) | 1996-09-24 | 2001-02-13 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Central heating device for a gas-generating system |
JP2005179082A (ja) * | 2003-12-16 | 2005-07-07 | Nippon Oil Corp | 水素製造装置および燃料電池システム並びにその運転方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0757968A4 (en) | 1997-05-02 |
US5833723A (en) | 1998-11-10 |
CA2188653A1 (en) | 1996-09-06 |
EP0757968A1 (en) | 1997-02-12 |
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