WO1995002815A1 - Procede et dispositif de mesure des dephasages - Google Patents
Procede et dispositif de mesure des dephasages Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1995002815A1 WO1995002815A1 PCT/JP1994/001138 JP9401138W WO9502815A1 WO 1995002815 A1 WO1995002815 A1 WO 1995002815A1 JP 9401138 W JP9401138 W JP 9401138W WO 9502815 A1 WO9502815 A1 WO 9502815A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- phase difference
- wave
- signal
- apparent
- range
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001739 density measurement Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014366 other mixer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
- G01S17/32—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
- G01S17/36—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated with phase comparison between the received signal and the contemporaneously transmitted signal
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N22/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of microwaves or radio waves, i.e. electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of one millimetre or more
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N22/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of microwaves or radio waves, i.e. electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of one millimetre or more
- G01N22/04—Investigating moisture content
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
- G01S13/32—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
- G01S13/36—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated with phase comparison between the received signal and the contemporaneously transmitted signal
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/285—Receivers
- G01S7/288—Coherent receivers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
- G01N2291/048—Transmission, i.e. analysed material between transmitter and receiver
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/02—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems using reflection of acoustic waves
- G01S15/06—Systems determining the position data of a target
- G01S15/08—Systems for measuring distance only
- G01S15/32—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
- G01S15/36—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated with phase comparison between the received signal and the contemporaneously transmitted signal
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for measuring a physical quantity such as a concentration of a suspended substance contained in a measurement fluid, a distance to a target object, or a chemical quantity such as a concentration of a chemical substance dissolved in a measurement fluid, by using an electromagnetic wave such as a light wave or a radio wave, or an ultrasonic wave.
- the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for measuring a phase difference using sound waves.
- microwaves have been used as a densitometer that can measure not only the concentration of suspended solids in the measurement fluid but also substances that dissolve in the measurement fluid without any suspended matter adhering to the inner wall of the concentration measurement tube.
- a densitometer that measures the concentration.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Sho 59-19864 discloses a microphone mouth wave densitometer of this kind.
- FIG. 14 is a configuration diagram of a microphone mouth wave densitometer described in the above-mentioned publication.
- a microwave splicer of frequency f1 oscillated by a microwave oscillator 70 is separated by a splitter 71.
- One of the microwaves is provided in a concentration measuring tube 73.
- the light enters the concentration measuring tube 73 via the waveguide 72.
- a microphone mouth wave propagating in the concentration measuring tube 73 is taken out through another waveguide 74 provided in the concentration measuring tube 73 and input to the mixer 75.
- the other microwave separated by the splitter 71 is input to another mixer 77 via the phase shifter 76.
- Both mixers 75 and 77 have the frequency oscillated by the microwave oscillator 78.
- Micro mouth waves having a wave number of f 2 are input via the splitter 79, respectively.
- phase delay of the microwave passing through the path B while the measurement fluid not containing the substance to be measured is flowing in the concentration measuring tube 73 is set so that the phase delay of the wave coincides with 6 i.
- the phase difference between the phase of the microwave passing through the path B and the phase of the microwave passing through the path C in a state where the measurement fluid containing the substance to be measured is flowing in the concentration measuring tube 73 is obtained.
- the phase lag of the microwave passing through the path B indicates a value proportional to the concentration of the measurement substance contained in the measurement fluid.
- the concentration is measured by detecting the phase lag of the microphone mouth wave that changes according to the concentration state of the measurement fluid, the following problems may occur.
- Fig. 15 shows the microwave (Ml) before the phase is delayed by the phase shifter 76, the microwave (M2) whose phase is delayed by the phase shifter 76, and the measurement fluid passing through the path B. It shows the relationship with microwaves (M3) that have a phase lag according to the concentration of.
- the true phase delay 2 (called in this way to distinguish it from the apparent phase delay 0 2 ′) is zero. ⁇ 3 3 6 0.
- the rotation speed n 1.
- true phase lag If is the true phase delay 02 changes in the opposite direction (minus direction) on the corner of the range of 0 ° ⁇ 6 2 ⁇ - 3 6 0 ° , the rotational speed n - - referred to as l.
- the rotation speed n is assumed to change in the same manner.
- phase comparator 80 since the true phase delay ⁇ 2 is detected in an apparent phase delay of 6 ', the true phase delay 2 with respect to the concentration of the measured fluid exceeds 360 °. In such a case, the measurement result is apparently low concentration despite high concentration. On the contrary, true phase delay 0 2 is 0. In spite of the following, the measurement result is apparently higher than the actual concentration.
- the concentration can be determined by detecting the phase delay of the microwave.
- the above-described problem occurs when the measurement is performed.
- a method for measuring the concentration that avoids this problem is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H2-223838.
- the concentration of the measurement fluid can be detected by measuring the speed change that occurs when the microwave passes through the measurement fluid by frequency modulation.
- the purpose is to provide a measuring device or a phase difference measuring method.
- the present invention when the angle difference between the phase difference and the phase difference e 2 exceeds 3 6 0 °, or even derconnection if the angular difference becomes 0 ° or less, the precise object to be measured state ( It is an object of the present invention to provide a phase difference measuring device or a phase difference measuring method capable of measuring a physical quantity or a chemical quantity).
- the present invention provides a phase difference that can accurately measure the concentration of a high-concentration measurement fluid and can easily realize a concentration meter that can accurately measure the concentration of a measurement fluid flowing through a large-diameter concentration measurement tube.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a measuring apparatus or a phase difference measuring method that accurately measures a distance between a continuously moving object and a moving object.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a phase difference measuring device or a phase difference measuring method which can easily realize a range finder capable of measuring.
- the phase difference measuring apparatus of the present invention transmits and receives a signal wave to and from a device under test in a reference state to obtain a first received signal, and transmits and receives a signal wave to and from the device under test to be measured.
- a signal wave detector that acquires a second received signal; a reference phase difference i that is a phase difference between a transmitted wave of the signal wave and the first received signal; and an apparent difference between the transmitted wave and the second received signal. of 'a phase detector for determining the. phase difference 0 2 of apparent the' phase difference 0 2 the number of times.
- phase difference 2 'has passed over one reference point is an angle value apparent the within variation range of A phase difference correction unit for obtaining the true phase difference 2 by adding the apparent phase difference 0 2 ′ to the product of the rotation speed n and the angle 360 °
- the trend detecting unit that continuously detects the increasing / decreasing direction of 0 2 ′, and the apparent phase difference 0 2 ′ detected by the trend detecting unit are:
- the apparent phase difference 0 2 ′ between the transmission wave and the second reception signal when the signal wave is transmitted / received to / from the DUT in the measurement state while increasing Pass through the reference point
- the rotation speed n determined in this way is multiplied by the angle 36 CT, and a value obtained by adding the apparent phase difference 2 ′ to the multiplication value nx 360 ° as the true phase difference 2 Desired.
- the phase difference measuring apparatus of the present invention transmits and receives a signal wave to and from a device under test in a reference state to obtain a first received signal, and transmits and receives a signal wave to and from the device under test to be measured.
- a signal wave detector that acquires a second received signal; a reference phase difference 0 i that is a phase difference between a transmitted wave of the signal wave and the first received signal; and an apparent difference between the transmitted wave and the second received signal.
- phase difference correction unit for obtaining the true phase difference 2 by adding the apparent phase difference 0 2 ′ to the product of the rotation speed n and the angle 360 °, your 2 'and an input unit for taking in a predetermined time interval not continuous, the angle range corresponding to the range of one rotation from the reference point
- Upper range corresponding to a predetermined range including the maximum angle of over the maximum angle to the minimum angle is set, the captured apparent phase difference on the 0 2 'determines whether or not entered the upper range Te
- An upper range determination unit, and a lower range is set corresponding to a predetermined range including the minimum angle from the minimum angle to the maximum angle in the angle range, and the captured apparent phase difference 0 2 ′ is defined as Whether it is in the lower range Or a lower range determining unit that determines, wherein
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a densitometer according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing an operation of a phase difference correction circuit provided in the densitometer of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing calibration curve data set in a signal conversion circuit provided in the densitometer of the first embodiment
- Fig. 4A shows a state where tap water is flowing through the concentration detection tube.
- Fig. 4B is a diagram showing a state in which the measurement fluid is flowing through the concentration detection tube.
- FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a circuit device in which a phase difference correction circuit provided in the densitometer of the first embodiment is configured by hardware,
- FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing the operation of the phase difference correction circuit provided in the densitometer of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of setting an upper range and a lower range in the second embodiment
- FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing the operation of setting the rotation speed initial value of the rotation speed condition setting device provided in the second embodiment
- FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of a circuit device in which a phase difference correction circuit provided in the densitometer of the second embodiment is configured by hardware,
- FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of a distance meter according to a third embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a distance measurement operation of the distance meter according to the third embodiment
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a phase difference between a transmitted wave and a reflected wave in the third embodiment
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing calibration curve data set in a distance calculation circuit provided in the distance meter according to the third embodiment
- Fig. 14 is a block diagram of a densitometer to which the conventional phase difference measurement method is applied.
- Fig. 15 shows the phase lag of the microphone mouth wave.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an apparent phase delay angle rotation operation.
- phase difference measuring device of the present invention is applied to a microwave densitometer.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a microwave densitometer according to the present embodiment.
- a concentration detection pipe 20 is interposed between upstream pipe 21 and downstream pipe 22 via gate valves 23, 24.
- the concentration detecting pipe 20 is provided with a water supply valve 26 and a drain valve 27.
- a water pipe 28 for guiding a reference fluid such as tap water is connected to the water supply valve 26, and a water distribution pipe 29 is connected to the drain valve 27.
- Concentration detection tubes 20 are provided with aperture windows for the entrance and exit of microphone mouth waves, respectively, at positions facing each other with the tube axis interposed therebetween, and the window windows are provided with antennas via airtight seal packing.
- Mounting plate is installed. The antenna mounting plate is attached with the transmitting antenna 31 and the receiving antenna 32 in close contact with each other via an insulator.
- the transmission system of this densitometer is provided with a microphone mouth-wave oscillator 33 for generating a microwave, and the output of the microwave oscillator 33 is. Transmit antenna 3 1 via Worsplitter 3 4 Sent to
- the receiving system of this densitometer includes a phase difference measurement circuit 35, a phase difference correction circuit 36, a rotation speed condition setting device 37, and a signal conversion circuit 38.
- the phase difference measurement circuit 35 together with the microwave reception wave from the reception antenna 32, a part of the microphone mouth wave transmission wave is introduced from the power splitter 34 as a reference signal, and the Measure the apparent phase delay of the received wave with respect to the microphone mouth wave transmitted wave.
- the phase difference correction circuit 36 obtains the true phase delay from the apparent phase delay by processing based on the flowchart shown in FIG. 2, and calculates the phase difference between the true phase delay and the reference phase delay. calculate.
- the rotation speed condition setting device 37 is used to set the rotation speed n when the power of the densitometer is turned on.
- the rotation speed operation mode is selected.
- the number of revolutions and mode 2 can be set to 0) and the correct number of revolutions n can be set manually.
- the calibration curve data shown in FIG. 3 is set, and the density value corresponding to the phase difference ⁇ 0 input from the phase difference correction circuit 36 is obtained based on the calibration curve data. It is converted into a current signal corresponding to the density value and output.
- a reference fluid having zero concentration for example, tap water
- the phase delay means the delay of the phase of the microphone mouth wave reception wave with respect to the microphone mouth wave transmission wave in the phase difference measurement circuit 35.
- the drain valve 27 is opened to discharge the measuring fluid such as sludge in the pipe 20 and then the water supply valve 26 After opening the pipe and supplying tap water to clean the dirt in the pipe 20, the drain valve 27 is closed to fill the pipe 20 with the tap water.
- a microwave signal is generated from the microwave oscillator 33
- the microwave is converted into a power splitter 34. Is transmitted from the transmitting antenna 31, propagates through the tap water in the pipe 20, and is received by the receiving antenna 32.
- the microwave mouth wave received by the receiving antenna 32 is sent to the phase difference measuring circuit 35. A part of the microphone mouth wave transmission wave is transmitted from the power splitter 34 to the phase difference measurement circuit 35.
- phase difference measuring circuit 35 measures the reference phase delay 0 1 relates by connexion reference fluid on a comparison of the microwave transmission wave and microwave receiving wave, a phase difference correction circuitry the measured reference phase delay ⁇ 3 Send to 6 for storage.
- phase difference correction circuit 36 0 is set as an initial value of the rotation speed from the rotation speed condition setting device 37.
- the drain valve 27 is opened to drain the tap water in the pipe 20, and then the gate valves 23 and 24 are opened to flow the measurement fluid containing the substance to be measured.
- a microwave signal is transmitted from the microwave oscillator 33.
- This microwave signal is sent to the transmitting antenna 31 and the phase difference measuring circuit 35 via the power splitter 34 as described above.
- Microwave emitted from transmitting antenna 31 When the wave propagates through the fluid to be measured in the concentration detection tube 20 and reaches the receiving antenna 32 as shown in FIG. 4B, the receiving antenna 32 changes the phase according to the concentration of the fluid to be measured. Outputs a microphone mouth wave signal with a delay.
- the phase difference measurement circuit 35 measures the apparent phase delay 0 2 ′ of the microphone mouth wave signal having a phase delay according to the concentration of the fluid to be measured. Microwaves are transmitted momentarily while the measurement fluid containing the substance to be measured is flowing, and the apparent phase delay ′ is measured by the phase difference measurement circuit 35, and the phase difference is corrected to the phase difference correction circuit 36. Send out sequentially.
- phase difference correction circuit 36 takes in the apparent phase delay ⁇ 2 ′ from the phase difference measurement circuit 35 at every minute time ⁇ t, and executes the following processing.
- phase delay 0 If the differential value of 'is positive and the phase delay S' passes through 0 °, the apparent phase delay 0 2 'actually measured is 0. ⁇ ⁇ n 'is observed to be between 360 °, but the true phase delay 0 2 is actually 360. ⁇ 6 2 and 7 2 0. Change the number of revolutions from 0 to 1 because it is between
- the signal conversion circuit 37 receives the phase difference ⁇ 0 from the phase difference correction circuit 36, the signal conversion circuit 37 calculates the density according to the calibration curve data representing the relationship between the density and the phase difference, converts the density into a signal corresponding to this density, and outputs it. I do. For example, if the concentration measurement range is 0 to 10%, the corresponding current signal of 4 to 20 mA is output.
- the specified rotation speed is used as the initial value according to the mode set in the rotation speed condition setting device 37. If mode 1 is selected in the speed conditioner 37, the speed n before the power is turned off is set. If mode 2 is selected, the speed 0 is set.
- the rotational speed to which the true phase delay 2 belongs is always grasped, and the product of the rotational speed ⁇ ⁇ 360 ° is added to the apparent phase delay ⁇ 2 ′. Since true phase delay 0 2 is calculated, true phase delay e 2 is 360. Less than An accurate true phase delay e 2 can be obtained even above or below 0 °. Therefore, it is possible to measure the concentration of a high-concentration fluid to be measured such that the true phase delay e 2 rotates many times, and it is also possible to measure the concentration using a large-diameter pipe.
- One hundred and eighty From +1 to 80. In this case, it may be configured to determine whether or not the apparent phase delay 0 2 ′ has made one rotation.
- One one eighty. Is defined as the reference point, the apparent phase delay 0 2 ′ depends on the polarity of the derivative of the apparent phase delay 0 2 ′ and whether the apparent phase delay 0 9 ′ has passed ⁇ 180 °. Judge rotation.
- ⁇ ⁇ '/ dt is negative and apparent phase delay ⁇ ' is -180.
- d 0 2 '/ dt is positive, and apparent phase delay 0 2 ' is -180.
- the function of the phase difference correction circuit 36 is realized by software, but it can also be realized by a hardware circuit.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a circuit device in which the function of the phase difference correction circuit 36 is configured by hardware.
- the apparent phase delay 0 2 ′ from the phase difference measuring circuit 35 is input to the differentiating circuit 41, the first comparator 42, and the second comparator 43.
- a signal indicating the polarity (positive or negative) of the time differential value of the phase delay 2 ′ from the differentiating circuit 41 is input to the first and second AND circuits 44 and 45.
- the first comparator 4 2 has an apparent phase delay of 0 2 ′ 360 ° is set as the threshold value for detecting that the temperature exceeds 360 °.
- the apparent phase delay 0 2 ′ is 0.
- 0 ° is set as the threshold for detecting the following.
- the first comparator 42 has an apparent phase delay 0 2 ′ of 360. When it changes from, the rotation speed increase signal is output to the first AND circuit 44. In the second comparator 43, the apparent phase delay 0 2 ′ is 0. When it changes from, the rotation speed reduction signal is output to the second AND circuit 45.
- the first AND circuit 44 has a phase lag. The condition is satisfied when the time derivative of is positive and the rotation speed increase signal is input, and the up signal is output to the up terminal of the up / down counter 46.
- the second AND circuit 45 outputs the down signal to the down terminal of the up / down counter 46 when the time differential value of the phase delay 0 2 ′ is negative and the rotation speed reduction signal is input, and the condition is satisfied.
- a true value operation circuit 48 is connected to the output terminal of the up counter 46.
- the true value arithmetic circuit 48 calculates the true phase delay 2 by executing the calculation of the above equation (1).
- the output of the true value calculation circuit 48 is input to the subtraction circuit 49, and the above equation (2) is calculated to calculate the phase difference ⁇ 0.
- This embodiment is an example in which the functions of the phase difference correction circuit and the rotation speed condition setting device in the first embodiment are changed.
- the components other than the phase difference correction circuit and the rotation speed condition setting device are the same as the corresponding components of the first embodiment.
- the phase difference correction circuit 38 'of the present embodiment (the phase difference correction circuit of the present embodiment is denoted by reference numeral 38' to distinguish it from the phase difference correction circuit 38 of the first embodiment) is shown in the flow chart of FIG. Calculate the true phase lag 0 2 based on Further, the rotation speed condition setting device 37 ′ in the present embodiment (the phase difference correction circuit of the present embodiment is denoted by reference numeral 37 ′ to distinguish it from the rotation speed condition setting device 37 of the first embodiment)
- the rotation speed n at the time of closing is determined based on the flow chart shown in FIG.
- the fluctuation range of ' is 0 as shown in Fig. 7. ⁇ 360. It is. This 0. 0 in the angle range of ⁇ 360 °. From 360.
- the predetermined range to the side is the lower range. Also 0. ⁇ 360. 360 in the angular range of. From 0.
- the predetermined range to the side is the upper range.
- a range of 240 ° to 360 ° can be set as the upper range, and a range of 260 ° to 360 ° is typically set as the upper range.
- the range from 0 ° to 120 ° can be set as the lower range, and the range from 0 ° to 100 ° is set as the lower range as standard.
- the upper range, the lower range, and an arbitrary rotation speed initial value n described above are manually set, and the high concentration threshold Xma ⁇ and the minus concentration threshold are manually set.
- the high concentration threshold x max is a maximum value that can be expected as the concentration value of the measurement object, or a high value that cannot be taken by the measurement object.
- the minus concentration threshold x min occurs even if the zero point drifts to the minus side when the reference phase difference is set to the zero point. It is a low value that cannot be stuck.
- the microphone mouth wave is transmitted to the reference fluid composed of tap water, and the phase delay i of the received microwave wave is measured. And stored in the phase difference correction circuit 36 ′.
- a microwave is transmitted to the measurement fluid containing the measurement substance, and the apparent phase delay 2 'is measured in a short period (for example, every 5 seconds). Every time the apparent delay 2 ′ is measured, the process based on the flowchart shown in FIG. 6 is executed to calculate the true phase delay 2 and the phase difference.
- the rotation speed n is not changed.
- the rotation speed condition setting unit 37 'always takes in the latest rotation speed n determined by the phase difference correction circuit 36' and stores it in a non-volatile memory (not shown).
- the rotation speed condition setting device 37 ' holds the rotation speed n immediately before the power is turned off, even after the power of the densitometer is turned off or artificially turned off.
- the phase difference correction circuit 36 'and the signal conversion circuit 38 rotate at the speed n (the hold value of the nonvolatile memory) immediately before the power is turned off. Is used to calculate the concentration.
- the rotation speed condition setting device 37 captures the calculated concentration value X calculated using the rotation speed n immediately before the power is turned off.
- the rotation speed condition setting device 3 7 Manually set the desired number of revolutions n from o
- the rotation speed n determined as described above is input to the phase difference correction circuit 36 '.
- the subsequent processing is changed from the rotational speed condition setting device 37' based on the reset rotational speed n.
- the present embodiment 0.
- the rotational speed of the apparent phase delay ⁇ ′ can be accurately grasped, and the accurate phase difference S can be calculated. Therefore, the phase delay is 360.
- the concentration of the high-concentration measurement fluid can be measured accurately, and the concentration can be measured accurately even with a large-diameter concentration detection tube.
- the high-concentration threshold value Xma ⁇ and the negative-concentration threshold value Xffli D are set in the rotation speed condition setting device 37 '.
- the concentration of the current measured fluid is compared by comparing the calculated concentration value X calculated at the number of revolutions n immediately before turning off the power when the power of the densitometer is turned on, with the high concentration threshold X na ⁇ or the minus concentration threshold x miD Since the optimum rotation speed is determined according to the conditions, etc., the accurate rotation speed can be maintained even after the power of the concentration meter is turned on again.
- the lower range and the upper range are set in the range of 0 ° to 360 °, but ⁇ 180 ° to 180 °.
- the rotation speed n may be determined by setting a lower range and an upper range in the range described above. If the phase lag is measured in the range of 180 ° to 180 °, the angle will be 180 ° in the angle range of 180 ° to 180 °. From +1 to 80.
- the predetermined range to the side is the lower range. Also-180. ⁇ + 180. In the above angle range, a predetermined range from + 180 ° to 180 ° is defined as an upper range.
- the function of the phase difference correction circuit 36 ′ is realized by software, but it can also be realized by a hardware circuit.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a configuration of a circuit device in which the function of the phase difference correction circuit 36 'in the second embodiment is realized by a hardware circuit.
- the same parts as those of the circuit device shown in FIG. 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the apparent phase delay ⁇ 2 ′ from the phase difference measurement circuit 35 is input to the upper range determination unit 51 and the lower range determination unit 52.
- the upper range determination unit 51 sets the above upper range (for example, 260 ° to 360 °). If the apparent phase delay 0 2 ′ is within the upper range, the upper range detection signal is output. Output You.
- the lower range judging unit 52 is configured to output the lower range (for example, 0 ° to
- the upper range detection signal and the lower range detection signal are input to the decoder 53.
- the decoder 53 converts the upper range detection signal into data D1, the lower range detection signal into data D2, and inputs other than the upper range detection signal and lower range detection signal into data D3, and converts the data into FIFO D3.
- the AND circuit 55 outputs a downcount signal when the AND condition between the upper range detection signal and the data D2 is satisfied. No.
- the AND circuit 56 of 2 is used to connect the lower range detection signal and data D1.
- the configuration from the up-down counter 46 to the subtractor 4 that outputs an up-count signal when the AND condition is satisfied is the same as the circuit device shown in FIG.
- the concentration detection pipe 20 is arranged so as to be sandwiched between the upstream pipe 21 and the downstream pipe 22.
- a fluid intake container is provided in the flow pipe of the fluid to be measured, or a bypass pipe is provided. Then, the above technique is applied to these containers and bypass pipes, and this is also included in the scope of the present invention.
- the present invention relates to a lightwave distance meter that measures the distance between two points using electromagnetic waves such as light waves and radio waves, or signal waves such as ultrasonic waves. It can be applied to, radio rangefinder or ultrasonic rangefinder.
- This embodiment is an example in which the present invention is applied to a lightwave distance meter.
- FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of a lightwave distance meter according to the third embodiment.
- the lightwave distance meter according to the present embodiment is configured such that an oscillation signal output from an oscillator 61 having a predetermined oscillation frequency is input to a transmitter 63 via a demultiplexer 62, and an object is transmitted from the transmitter 63. 6 Transmit the transmission wave toward 4.
- the reflected wave from the object 64 on which the transmitted wave is incident is received by the receiver 65 and converted into an electrical reception signal.
- the phase difference measuring circuit 66 is connected to the output terminal of the receiver 65.
- the phase difference measurement circuit 66 receives the reception signal from the receiver 65, receives the transmission signal having the same phase as the transmission wave from the splitter 62, and detects the phase delay of the reception signal with respect to the transmission signal.
- the phase difference correction circuit 67 connected to the output terminal of the phase difference measurement circuit 66 calculates the phase difference ⁇ S by performing the same processing as in FIG. 2 or FIG. Output to 8.
- the distance calculation circuit 68 stores the calibration curve data shown in FIG. 14, calculates the movement distance X based on the phase difference ⁇ 0 from the phase difference correction circuit 67, and measures the movement distance X. The distance X is calculated by adding the distance b from the point to the target before movement.
- the signal conversion circuit 69 outputs a current signal as a distance measurement signal corresponding to the distance.
- an object 64 is arranged at the reference point B shown in FIG. 11, and a transmission wave is transmitted to the object 64 and a reflected wave is received.
- the phase of the reflected wave with respect to the transmitted wave is shifted at an angle e ⁇ according to the distance b between A and B as shown in Fig. 12.
- the reference phase difference ⁇ which is the phase difference between the transmitted wave and the received wave at the reference position B, is measured by the phase difference measuring circuit 66 and input to the phase difference correcting circuit 67.
- the distance from the point B to the object 64 is changed by a predetermined distance, and the phase difference S 2 ′ between the transmitted wave and the received wave at each distance is measured by the phase difference measuring circuit 66.
- -A phase difference of ⁇ j occurs.
- the phase difference 0 2 ′ at each point C is input to the phase difference correction circuit 68.
- the input to the distance calculating circuit 6 8 calculates the difference between the true phase difference 0 2 and the reference position phase difference Prefecture.
- phase difference correction circuit 66 obtains the true phase difference 0 2 from the apparent phase difference 2 ′ input from the phase difference measurement circuit 66 by the processing based on FIG. Calculate ⁇ .
- the distance X from the reference position ⁇ is obtained by calculating ⁇ 3 ⁇ 0. Further, the distance X from the point A to the object 64 is calculated by adding the distance b from the point ⁇ to the point ⁇ to the distance X.
- the distance X calculated in this manner is converted into a current signal by the signal conversion circuit 69.
- the distance X can be measured accurately.
- the present invention can be applied to a radiowave distance meter or an ultrasonic distance meter with the same configuration principle as that of a lightwave distance meter.
- the present invention is applied to a densitometer or a distance meter.
- the present invention can be applied to other types of devices that measure a physical quantity or a stoichiometric quantity using a phase difference.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
- Measuring Phase Differences (AREA)
- Measurement Of Resistance Or Impedance (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/392,745 US5610527A (en) | 1993-07-12 | 1994-07-12 | Phase difference microwave densitometer and method which detects a number of phase rotations through a reference point |
EP94919893A EP0664447A4 (en) | 1993-07-12 | 1994-07-12 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MEASURING LOW PHASES. |
CA002144430A CA2144430C (en) | 1993-07-12 | 1994-07-12 | Phase difference measuring apparatus and method |
NO19950903A NO316941B1 (no) | 1993-07-12 | 1995-03-09 | Fremgangsmate og innretning for maling av faseforskjell |
FI951139A FI951139A (fi) | 1993-07-12 | 1995-03-10 | Menetelmä ja laite vaihe-eron mittaamiseksi |
US08/753,683 US5767409A (en) | 1993-07-12 | 1996-11-27 | Phase difference measuring apparatus and method using a first and second receive signal |
US09/026,557 US5969254A (en) | 1993-07-12 | 1998-02-20 | Phase difference measuring apparatus and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP17157693A JP3160428B2 (ja) | 1993-07-12 | 1993-07-12 | 濃度計 |
JP5/171576 | 1993-07-12 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1995002815A1 true WO1995002815A1 (fr) | 1995-01-26 |
Family
ID=15925716
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1994/001138 WO1995002815A1 (fr) | 1993-07-12 | 1994-07-12 | Procede et dispositif de mesure des dephasages |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US5610527A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0664447A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3160428B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR0157078B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1089900C (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2144430C (ja) |
FI (1) | FI951139A (ja) |
NO (1) | NO316941B1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TW242174B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1995002815A1 (ja) |
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- 1994-07-12 US US08/392,745 patent/US5610527A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0701118A3 (en) * | 1994-09-12 | 1998-06-03 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Microwave densitometer |
EP0926487A1 (en) * | 1997-12-22 | 1999-06-30 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Densitometer using microwaves |
US6268736B1 (en) | 1997-12-22 | 2001-07-31 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Densitometer using microwaves |
WO2007091907A1 (en) | 2006-02-09 | 2007-08-16 | Instytut Biochemii I Biofizyki Pan | Method of hydrolysis of peptide bond |
US8969516B2 (en) | 2006-02-09 | 2015-03-03 | Instytut Biochemii I Biofizyki Pan | Method of hydrolysis of peptide bond |
US7928739B2 (en) | 2006-06-30 | 2011-04-19 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Device for measuring moisture in substrate and health of hair |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2144430A1 (en) | 1995-01-26 |
CN1089900C (zh) | 2002-08-28 |
FI951139A (fi) | 1995-05-08 |
EP0664447A1 (en) | 1995-07-26 |
EP0664447A4 (en) | 1995-12-06 |
KR0157078B1 (ko) | 1999-03-30 |
TW242174B (ja) | 1995-03-01 |
FI951139A0 (fi) | 1995-03-10 |
US5969254A (en) | 1999-10-19 |
JPH0727720A (ja) | 1995-01-31 |
JP3160428B2 (ja) | 2001-04-25 |
US5610527A (en) | 1997-03-11 |
KR950003819A (ko) | 1995-02-17 |
CA2144430C (en) | 1999-06-29 |
NO950903L (no) | 1995-05-11 |
NO316941B1 (no) | 2004-07-05 |
US5767409A (en) | 1998-06-16 |
CN1113320A (zh) | 1995-12-13 |
NO950903D0 (no) | 1995-03-09 |
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