WO1992015540A1 - Procede pour le traitement separe et l'elimination de melanges composes de dechets organiques solides et liquides - Google Patents

Procede pour le traitement separe et l'elimination de melanges composes de dechets organiques solides et liquides Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992015540A1
WO1992015540A1 PCT/EP1992/000413 EP9200413W WO9215540A1 WO 1992015540 A1 WO1992015540 A1 WO 1992015540A1 EP 9200413 W EP9200413 W EP 9200413W WO 9215540 A1 WO9215540 A1 WO 9215540A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
biogas
liquid phase
liquid
solid
precipitation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP1992/000413
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Felix Steyskal
Original Assignee
Felix Steyskal
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Felix Steyskal filed Critical Felix Steyskal
Priority to DE59206247T priority Critical patent/DE59206247D1/de
Priority to US08/107,827 priority patent/US5593590A/en
Priority to EP19920905214 priority patent/EP0573478B1/fr
Publication of WO1992015540A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992015540A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/02—Biological treatment
    • C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/20—Sludge processing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S210/00—Liquid purification or separation
    • Y10S210/902—Materials removed
    • Y10S210/903—Nitrogenous
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S210/00—Liquid purification or separation
    • Y10S210/902—Materials removed
    • Y10S210/906—Phosphorus containing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention has now set itself the task of creating a method in which these disadvantages are avoided, which surprisingly succeeds at least partly through the measures according to the characterizing features of claim 1, but even better through those features which are described in the characteristics of the dependent claims are described.
  • the precipitate obtained by chemical precipitation or flocculation in one of the liquid phases has previously been deposited or burned; in connection with the genus of the method according to the invention, this precipitate can now - optionally after thickening - be added to the solid components and / or - preferably - to the initial batch, which not only prevents pollution of the environment (groundwater, atmosphere), but also on top of that the valuable substances contained in the precipitation (organic humus formers, nitrogen and phosphorus compounds) are still preserved and can be returned to the soil.
  • the precipitate - as is preferred - is added to the initial batch, its separation into the liquid phase and solids content is facilitated, in particular if it is a matter of minerals containing calcium carbonate and / or trace elements, such as algae lime and / or diatomaceous earth, which can also be added directly to the starting quantity; there they are directly up to 20% of the nitrogen and Phosphorus, so that only minor amounts have to be removed from these components from later liquid phases.
  • minerals containing calcium carbonate and / or trace elements such as algae lime and / or diatomaceous earth
  • the magnesium-ammonium-phosphate precipitation known per se has proven particularly expedient in the course of the process according to the invention; it can be installed in different variants: on the one hand, it can be run in such a way that a great deal of organic material also falls into the precipitate, which is then added to the starting batch or the solids content for further treatment. On the other hand, it may be desirable after a chemical precipitation or flocculation of organic substances perform the MAP precipitation only in the remaining supernatant, making an almost pure salt is obtained in crystals, which can be sold at very high prices.
  • the at least NH4 nitrogen may of course also be removed from the liquid phase by steam stripping, which means, however, that it is removed from the circuit; however, the resulting ammonium salt (usually sulfate or phosphate) can also be fed as such to the fertilizer industry or the solid matter either after its rotting, in a softer case a mineral-organic fertilizer is formed, or preferably before its rotting; in this case at least some of the nitrogen is organically bound and is present in the finished fertilizer in the highly desirable, organically bound form; in this it is released to the plants only slowly, precisely in the amount required in each case, or is taken up by them; This means that there is no need for an expensive excess of fertilizer, which also pollutes the groundwater.
  • the resulting ammonium salt usually sulfate or phosphate
  • FIGS. 1 to 9 different process schemes, which are shown in FIGS. 1 to 9.
  • a circle denotes a liquid phase; a square a solid or mud phase a dashed rectangle a treatment level.
  • the basic principle shown in FIG. 1 is common to all the process variants in FIGS. 2 to 8: the raw mixture RM is separated into a liquid phase L1 and a sludge S1 by means of a separation process SEP.
  • This process takes place, for example, by means of a standing sieve centrifuge, which is inexpensive to invest and less prone to malfunction, and which also consumes little energy, but only brings the sludge S1 to 20% DM (dry substance).
  • DM dry substance
  • a decanter ten times more expensive, a closed, fast rotating screw achieves 30% TS, but a greater reduction in the solids in the liquid phase L1.
  • the liquid phase L1 is therefore now subjected to an anaerobic fermentation AAF, the sludge S2 accumulating in the bottom funnel of the reaction vessel (it is only about 1 to 2% of the total throughput) with 5% TS without separation (which is not so returns) is added to the raw mixture RM in the circuit. Not only is biogas generated, but also higher compounds present in the pig manure are broken down.
  • Tables 1 and 2 show the dirt loads of the liquid phases for all organic substances as a COD value; of which for biodegradable organic substances as BOD5 value; for the NH4 nitrogen contained in total nitrogen; and finally listed for the phosphorus content as phosphate (P04) phosphorus.
  • the resulting liquid phase L2 is still loaded with about half of the organic dirt load, which for the most part is difficult to biodegrade, and with all of the nitrogen and soluble phosphorus. It therefore still means a very heavy load for a municipal sewage treatment plant (Fig. 1).
  • Another step is therefore a chemical precipitation or flocculation CF in the liquid phase L2.
  • the precipitation method used eg 5 kg of algae lime and 30 l of a diluted polyelectrolyte mixture, such as Prestol® from Stockhausen
  • the sludge S3 which settles out after the precipitation and which contains up to 30% of the raw mix amount and can also contain about 10% TS, again the raw mix RM, e.g. in a slurry storage basin, as well as the sludge S2 from the anaerobic fermentation AAF; this leads to the desired pre-acidification there.
  • the sludge S3 can also be added to the sludge S1 for the composition C (FIG. 2), the latter especially when there are very dry materials such as e.g. Straw, broiler manure or the like are to be composted.
  • sludge S3 it may be expedient to further thicken the sludge S3 by an additional separation, for example by means of a press screw separator or a chamber filter press, or a screen press with a mesh size of only 0.02 mm; this is particularly the case if you want to add sludge S3 directly to sludge S1 for composting, which usually requires a minimum content of 40-50% DM (Fig. 3).
  • the resulting liquid phases L3 and L4 still contain most of the nitrogen; only the phosphorus was largely eliminated.
  • MAP precipitation magnesium-ammonium-phosphate
  • steam stripping are used to remove nitrogen.
  • the former in turn can also be used instead of the chemical precipitation CF (FIGS.
  • Table 4 Dirt load per day in the liquid phase L3 and after a municipal sewage treatment plant or a activated sludge basin with 160 m3 raw slurry from almost 20,000 pigs)
  • the sludge S3 (from chemical precipitation CF) and / or the sludge S4 (from MAP precipitation), each of which only has about 10% DM, can also be added if desired an additional separation step (not shown) can thicken, analogously to the difference between FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • an additional separation step (not shown) can thicken, analogously to the difference between FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the concentrated sludge is no longer added to the raw mixture, but in any case always to the sludge S1 intended for composting C.
  • FIG. 7 shows a modification of FIG. 6: steam stripping is carried out instead of MAP precipitation; this requires a pH value of 9-10, which may be the case, for example, by adding sodium hydroxide solution can only be achieved at high cost; if lime is used, the sludge that forms very soon clogs the packing in the reaction vessel. As an alternative, you can still add the cheap lime and combine this process step with a chemical precipitation CF.
  • ammonium sulfate precipitates out after the expelled ammonia gas has been introduced into a sulfuric acid receiver and is either sold as such or, as mentioned above, mixed with the sludge S1 intended for composing.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate those method steps according to the invention which have to do with the circulation of the biogas BG produced in the anaerobic fermentation .AAF.
  • Excess biogas BG is always used (not shown) in a manner known per se for the generation of energy.
  • the amount and quality of the biogas BG produced can be controlled in such a way that the entire process runs autonomously, that is to say that as much biogas (60-70% methane) is produced as for drying and energy consumption is necessary.
  • the waste heat is used for heating and thus better reactivity of the raw mixture RM before the anaerobic fermentation AAF or for reactor heating, as required.
  • biogas BG is added for the direct acidification of the first liquid phase L1 and / or the raw mixture RM, and in any case always the last liquid phase L4 after the stripping ST, which indeed has a pH value from 9-10 and cannot be let into the municipal sewage treatment plant.
  • the sludges S3 and / or S4 are further treated according to one of the methods according to FIGS. 2 to 7.
  • FIG. 9 finally shows a process in which, in contrast to all the processes described above, the raw mixture RM acidified by means of biogas BG is subjected to an improved or facilitated chemical precipitation before the separation SEP.
  • This procedure enables the quantity and quality of the biogas BG to be controlled particularly well.
  • 1 m3 of raw pig manure in normal anaerobic fermentation AAF produces 15 m3 in 10 days and 20 m3 in 15 days
  • 20 m3 of biogas are formed after previous chemical precipitation CF, because only in the liquid phase after separation, 9 m3 SEP only leaves less organic matter; you also get by with smaller reactors and therefore only need less investment.
  • an additional energy source may have to be considered if the heating value of the biogas is no longer sufficient.
  • liquid phase L3 or L4 can also be led to another, more extensive wastewater treatment system instead of to a municipal sewage treatment plant, e.g. in a specially constructed activated sludge tank;
  • the liquid phases can, however, at least partially be fed to the barn cleaning instead of fresh water and run in a circle in this way, the remaining contaminant loads being removed during the next chemical precipitation.
  • liquid phases L3 or L4 which have already been partially hygienized, to agriculture, e.g. through rain, can be envisaged.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

Des déchets organiques solides et liquides contenus dans un mélange brut (RM) sont traités séparément et éliminés. Le mélange est divisé, par séparation mécanique (SEP), en une phase liquide (L1) à basse teneur en matières solides, sous forme finement répartie, et en une fraction de matières solides (S1) d'une teneur en eau de 45 à 70 % en poids. On soumet alors la phase liquide (L1) à un processus de fermentation anaérobie (AAF), avec formation de biogaz (BG), et la fraction de matières solides (S1) à un processus de fermentation aérobie (C), avec formation de compost, d'engrais ou de fourrage. Les matières de ballast contenues dans le biogaz et/ou dans la phase liquide (L2) sont retirées par des moyens chimiques (CF) et introduites dans le circuit avant que le biogaz (BG) soit brûlé et que la phase liquide (L) soit évacuée dans une installation de décantation (KKA) ou amenée à un stade où l'épuration se poursuit. Le CO2 contenu dans le biogaz (BG) est absorbé dans le mélange d'origine (RM) et/ou dans l'une des phases liquides subséquentes (L), avec diminution concomitante de son pH.
PCT/EP1992/000413 1991-02-27 1992-02-27 Procede pour le traitement separe et l'elimination de melanges composes de dechets organiques solides et liquides WO1992015540A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE59206247T DE59206247D1 (de) 1991-02-27 1992-02-27 Verfahren zur getrennten behandlung und entsorgung von gemengen aus festen und flüssigen, organischen abfallstoffen
US08/107,827 US5593590A (en) 1991-02-27 1992-02-27 Process for separate treatment and disposal of mixtures of solid and liquid, organic wastes
EP19920905214 EP0573478B1 (fr) 1991-02-27 1992-02-27 Procede pour le traitement separe et l'elimination de melanges composes de dechets organiques solides et liquides

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH59691 1991-02-27
CH596/91-7 1991-02-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992015540A1 true WO1992015540A1 (fr) 1992-09-17

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1992/000413 WO1992015540A1 (fr) 1991-02-27 1992-02-27 Procede pour le traitement separe et l'elimination de melanges composes de dechets organiques solides et liquides

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5593590A (fr)
EP (1) EP0573478B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE137727T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2104791A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59206247D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2089502T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1992015540A1 (fr)

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CA2104791A1 (fr) 1992-08-28
ATE137727T1 (de) 1996-05-15
US5593590A (en) 1997-01-14
EP0573478A1 (fr) 1993-12-15
DE59206247D1 (de) 1996-06-13
EP0573478B1 (fr) 1996-05-08

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