Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
  • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
  • E01C13/06—Pavings made in situ, e.g. for sand grounds, clay courts E01C13/003
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
  • E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
  • E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
  • E01C7/10—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders of road-metal and cement or like binders
  • E01C7/12—Mortar-bound paving
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
  • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
  • E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
  • E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
  • E01C7/35—Toppings or surface dressings; Methods of mixing, impregnating, or spreading them

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
• German patent application P 31 11 128.9 dated 2o. March 1981 claims a covering for sports facilities, especially tennis courts, and its manufacture.
• the covering layer of that covering is formed from a setting mass consisting essentially of brick powder, mineral material and inorganic binder.
• That setting mass is a dough-like, aqueous slurry which contains as a binder a tile adhesive, namely a hydraulically hardening thin-bed mortar in accordance with DIN 18 156.
• a dough-like slurry of tile adhesive, brick powder, mineral material, preferably quartz sand is applied to water on a prepared base with an essentially flat surface.
• the covering components are applied in the form of an aqueous slurry to the prepared substructure and set there.
• the finished slurry should have a pulp-like consistency with a relatively low water content, so that a good water permeability of the covering is guaranteed after setting.
• the object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a covering for sports facilities, in particular tennis courts, which covering has the advantages set out in the German patent application P 31 11 128.9, but in the manufacture of which the preparation and application of an aqueous slurry of Avoid disadvantages associated with covering components.
• the application to the prepared substructure should be facilitated, the water permeability of the finished covering increased and / or mechanical roughening of the surface of the set covering should be avoided.
• Advantageous refinements of the method according to the invention relate to the selection of the tile adhesive, the mineral material, the composition of the dry-mixed particle mixture, the sequence of adding the components during the preparation of the particle mixture, the application of the particle mixture to the substructure surface and preferably repeated spraying of the compressed particle mixture with quite fine water droplets, as indicated in the subclaims.
• a covering for sports facilities, in particular tennis courts which has a top layer containing brick meal on a mostly conventional substructure, for example on a substructure with the typical layer sequence of a tennis surface in accordance with DIN 18 035 sheet 5; in such a case the dry premixed particle mixture is applied to the dynamic layer of such a substructure to form the tennis surface.
• the covering In addition to brick flour, the covering must contain hard, preferably rounded particles of an inert material, for example quartz sand particles.
• the clay minerals in the brick powder obviously also take part in the setting process caused by the tile adhesive.
• the strength of the brick powder layer can be increased considerably, so that greater durability is obtained; on the other hand, the value of the slip behavior, for example determined as static or sliding friction on the surface of the covering under certain loads, can be set within a wide range by specifically selecting the proportions of the covering components.
• the slip behavior of the known brick powder top layer can be largely maintained.
• the slip behavior can be set to specific values for specific requirements.
• given the composition of the cover layer its softness can be influenced by selecting certain layer thicknesses.
• the method according to the invention results in a cover layer of extremely high durability, so that practically no care and / or maintenance work is required even after playing tennis for several hours.
• the top layer proves to be frost-proof, so that no special renovation work is required even after the winter break when used with a winter-proof substructure.
• the covering produced according to the invention proves to be waterproof and is permeable to the required extent; i.e. after a rain, excess water is quickly within a few minutes, through the porous cover layer to the substructure and derived from it. Even in the case of considerable, long-lasting dryness, the surface covering layer particles do not detach, so that no appreciable dust formation occurs.
• the covering produced according to the invention permits largely weather-independent playability without additional measures such as the known removal, rolling and / or watering. Since the formation of bars is reduced considerably, the covering produced according to the invention can also be provided as a floor covering in tennis halls and the like.
• the covering produced according to the invention can be repaired particularly easily since the dry premixed particle mixture is simply applied again to worn areas and is then carefully sprayed with water.
• the newly applied material binds securely to the existing covering material even in a very thin layer thickness without additional measures.
• the method according to the invention is explained in detail below on the basis of the production of a cover layer for tennis courts. Brick powder, tile adhesive and quartz sand are used as essential components for creating such a covering layer.
• brick flour The well-known, commercially available product is used as brick flour, which is widely used to form the top layer in known tennis courts.
• Brick flour of grain size 0/3 is preferably used, i.e. a material whose average particle size should not significantly exceed 3 mm.
• Tile adhesive is also a well-known, commercially available product, which experts call hydraulic thin-bed mortar (cf. DIN 18 156, Parts 1 and 2).
• Such hydraulically hardening thin-bed mortars are powdery mixtures of hydraulic binders, mineral aggregates (usually 0.5 mm grain size) and organic additives.
• tile adhesives which meet the conditions for thin-bed mortar DIN 18 156-M (cf. DIN 18 156, Part 2) are preferably used.
• the dry tile adhesive powder is carefully mixed with other solids in the present case, and the mixture obtained is moistened uniformly with water.
• German Patent 1,158,430 discloses the use of a mortar which dry 24.8 to 89.9% by weight Portland cement, 0.2 to 6.5% by weight methyl cellulose with a viscosity between 10 and 7000 cP, measured in a 2% aqueous solution, and contains about 10 to 75% additives such as sand or ground limestone and about 10 to 40% for use Water are added so that the viscosity of the water phase of the mixture is at least 500 cP, for laying tiles and tiles, whereby the surface to be tiled is covered with a layer of mortar and the tiles are pressed dry into it.
• additives such as sand or ground limestone
• a laying mortar is known from German patent specification 1,646,493 which, in addition to cement and graded sand, contains 0.1 to 1.5% by weight of methyl cellulose and 1.0 to 10% by weight of a copolymer made from 20 to 80% by weight. Contains vinyl chloride and 80 to 20 wt .-% vinyl propionate. In addition, this laying mortar can also contain 5 to 25% by weight of tress.
• German Auslegeschrift 2 146 7o9 describes the use of a mortar mixture for laying tiles and tiles in a thin bed method, consisting of 25 to 85 wt .-% cement, 0.05 to 0.15.
• % By weight of methyl cellulose with a viscosity of 1000 to 3000 cP, measured in a 2% strength aqueous solution, 1.5 to 6% by weight melamine-formaldehyde condensation products containing sulfonic acid groups and a viscosity of 40 to 500 cP, measured in 20% aqueous solution, 0.02 to 0.1% by weight water-soluble, nonionic polyacrylamide, in each case based on the total weight of the dry mixture, the rest being sand and / or ground limestone.
• This mortar mixture can additionally contain 0.5 to 5% by weight of asbestos fibers.
• tile adhesive namely hydraulically hardening thin-bed mortar within the meaning of DIN 18 156, Part 1 and Part 2
• tile adhesives essentially consist of approximately 24.8 to 89.8% by weight of cement, approximately 10 to 75% by weight of aggregates such as sand and / or ground limestone and approximately 0.2 to 6.5% by weight.
• -% methyl cellulose may also optionally contain other components, namely up to 10% by weight of copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl propionate, up to 6% by weight of melamine-formaldehyde condensation product, up to 0.1% by weight of polyacrylamide, up to 25% by weight .-% Traß and / or up to 5 wt .-% fibrous material, preferably asbestos.
• Portland cement, Fortland slag cement, lime slag cement, iron ore cement, pozzolana cement and the like are suitable as cement. The following compositions have proven particularly useful for the present purpose:
• quartz sand The product of the "rough" quality level commonly used in the construction industry serves as quartz sand; such quartz sand has an average particle size of up to about 0.7 mm.
• quartz sand is intended to include, in addition to finely ground silicon dioxide, other finely divided, inert minerals, and mixtures of silicon dioxide with such minerals.
• additives can be provided in addition to the specified essential components, such as dyes, fungicidal, bactericidal or herbicidal agents and other known additives.
• the hardness and strength of the cover layer obtained by the process according to the invention, and the slip behavior on the surface of this cover layer can be adjusted to a large extent by appropriate selection of the proportions of the components mentioned.
• the desired slip behavior cannot be achieved without a minimum proportion of quartz sand, especially when it is wet.
• an increase in the proportion of tile adhesive leads to an increase in hardness and an increase in the coefficient of friction of adhesion or sliding friction.
• Such coefficients of friction can be used as a guide for slipping behavior.
• Coefficient of friction tensile force / load determined.
• the coefficient of friction of adhesion refers to the force required to set the test specimen in motion; the coefficient of friction of the sliding friction corresponds to the force required at a speed of 3 cm / sec.
• friction coefficients of adhesion and sliding friction in the range from approximately 2.7 to 3.0 were determined for known brick dust coverings.
• top layer that is particularly suitable as a tennis court covering
• 100 parts by volume of brick flour can be mixed with 10 to 90 parts by volume of quartz sand and 2 to 6 parts by volume of tile adhesive.
• the preparation of the dry-mixed particle mixture 100 parts by volume of brick powder mixed with 20 to 60 parts by volume of quartz sand and 35 to 55 parts by volume of brick powder.
• the composition "Tile Adhesive I” or “Tile Adhesive II” given above was occasionally used as the tile adhesive, without this leading to any noteworthy differences in the properties of the top layer.
• the covering produced according to the invention can be produced in a relatively small layer thickness on the prepared substructure.
• the minimum layer thickness is determined by the intended service life of the covering.
• the minimum layer thickness of the finished, set covering should be 10 mm, but at least 5 mm.
• a maximum layer thickness results from the observation that when the layer thickness of the cover layer increases, its softness increases; the layer thickness should therefore not be more than 30 mm, in particular not more than 35 mm. With thicker layers, crack formation and a decrease in water permeability must also be expected. Layer thicknesses between 15 and 25 mm have proven successful, a layer thickness of approximately 20 mm being particularly preferred.
• the dry premixed particle mixture is applied in the dry state to the prepared substructure, leveled there and compacted.
• the layer thickness decreases, so that the loose, dry particle mixture must be applied in a larger layer thickness in order to obtain a covering with the layer thicknesses specified above after the compression and setting.
• the layer thickness of the loose, loose particle mixture decreases by the compression and setting by about 15 to 20%, so that to ensure the above-mentioned layer thicknesses of the finished covering, the dry, loose particle mixture in a corresponding higher layer thickness must be applied to the prepared substructure.
• the covering is produced according to the method according to the invention on a flat, solid, dry and water-draining surface.
• a flat, solid, dry and water-draining surface can be the naturally present floor or a prepared substructure .
• the layer sequence with filter layer, base layer and dynamic layer according to DIN 18 035, sheet 5, which is typical for tennis surfaces, is suitable as a substructure, the top layer produced according to the invention then serving as the tennis surface.
• page 5 the content, insofar as it is required for further explanation of the substrate, filter layer, base layer and dynamic layer including their materials, grain sizes and requirements, should also be made part of the present documents.
• the covering can be produced on a water-permeable, bituminous or cement-bound base, for example on a base in the form of a known hard court. If a given asphalt or concrete layer is used as a base and the water permeability is insufficient, a number of holes can be drilled through this layer into the water-draining surface.
• the dry premixed particle mixture of the constituents mentioned is applied in a dry form to the essentially flat surface of the prepared substrate or substructure.
• the components can be mixed in conventional devices, for example in rotating drums with drum inserts that promote mixing.
• the brick flour and the quartz sand are first put into the mixing drum or the like. These two components are roughly mixed together by rotating the drum a few times.
• the powdered, dry tile adhesive is then added and distributed uniformly in the other components. When adding the tile adhesive, it is advisable to avoid a local excess of tile adhesive. As far as possible, the tile adhesive should be placed in the rotating mixing drum with the mixture of quartz sand and brick powder. After adding the tile adhesive, mix for 5 minutes to ensure an even distribution.
• the dry-mixed particle mixture obtained is applied in the intended layer thickness to the surface of the substructure, leveled there largely and then compressed in the dry state.
• the compression can be done with different devices.
• the compression should not be carried out too far, since otherwise the moisture does not penetrate sufficiently into the compacted material during subsequent watering.
• Rolling is preferably ended when the layer thickness of the loosely applied and leveled part mixture has decreased by approximately 15 to 20%.
• Spraying should achieve uniform moisture absorption across the entire layer thickness of the compressed layer. For this purpose it is expedient to work with water droplets which are as fine as possible and to avoid a considerable local excess of water. If too much water is applied to the surface of the compacted layer, the setting reaction takes place relatively quickly in the areas of the cover layer near the surface, which prevents moisture from penetrating into deeper areas. This can impair the homogeneity of the covering over its entire layer thickness. Good results were achieved, for example, by spraying the compacted surface with a spray which was as fine as possible until the water stopped briefly on the surface of the layer. This spraying was repeated after a few minutes until the water stopped again briefly on the surface of the layer and then repeated again under these conditions. In a practical experiment, approximately 4 to 6 liters of water were applied per m 2 of an approximately 25 mm thick, compressed layer.
• this layer sets over the entire layer thickness within approx. 12 hours.
• the playability of the course is then given after about 2 to 3 days in dry weather.
• the surface can be sprinkled with very fine brick flour if necessary to accelerate the formation of the slipping behavior typical of conventional brick flour places.
• Rubber can be used as a rubber in a wide variety of sports facilities.
• This surface is particularly suitable and intended for tennis courts. Since there is neither excessive dust formation when used as a tennis court nor the water required for conventional brick flour courts, this surface can also be provided in sports halls.
• Other application examples include hard courts for other ball games, the run-in section of long jump facilities as well as running and sprint tracks.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Road Paving Structures (AREA)
• Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
• Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
• Tires In General (AREA)

Priority Applications (2)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=25796159

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (11)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (3)

Citations (19)

Family Cites Families (1)

• 1982
  • 1982-04-30 GR GR68042A patent/GR75436B/el unknown
  • 1982-04-30 AU AU83992/82A patent/AU548363B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1982-04-30 CA CA000402020A patent/CA1185999A/en not_active Expired
  • 1982-04-30 WO PCT/EP1982/000089 patent/WO1982004081A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 1982-04-30 EP EP82103723A patent/EP0066099B1/de not_active Expired
  • 1982-04-30 DE DE8282103723T patent/DE3272112D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1982-04-30 ES ES511843A patent/ES511843A0/es active Granted
  • 1982-05-03 IE IE1045/82A patent/IE52589B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1982-12-27 NO NO824388A patent/NO824388L/no unknown
  • 1982-12-30 FI FI824514A patent/FI74758C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1982-12-30 DK DK579882A patent/DK154843C/da not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (19)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events