Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
  • A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
  • A61K31/4412—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof having oxo groups directly attached to the heterocyclic ring
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
  • A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
  • A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis

Definitions

• This invention relates to the corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) compounds 4-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridine and (3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridin-4-yl)-(1-ethyl-propyl)-amine and the use thereof in treating heart failure.
• CHL corticotropin releasing hormone
• Congestive heart failure regardless of its etiology, is characterized by a weakness of the myocardial tissue of the left and/or right ventricles of the heart to pump and circulate blood into systemic and/or pulmonary circulations. It is accompanied by circulatory and neurohumoral changes which result in failure to deliver sufficient blood and oxygen supply to peripheral tissues and vital organs. If left untreated the health of a patient with congestive heart failure could deteriorate to the point where the disease would be fatal. Congestive heart failure may be expressed as shortness of breath either on exertion, at rest or paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.
• angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors have been shown to demonstrate a significant reduction in both hospitalization and mortality in congestive heart failure patients, diuretics and digoxin continue to be more highly prescribed agents most likely due to their ability to provide effective symptomatic relief.
• digoxin's use is limited because of its slow onset of action and the small difference between the maximum therapeutic and minimum toxic dose levels.
• the improved survival in patients treated with ACE inhibitors occurs primarily in the initial twelve months of therapy. Thus, a truly dramatic impact on disease progression has yet to be realized.
• WO95/33,750 as having activity as a corticotropin releasing factor antagonist and, accordingly, utility in the treatment of a wide range of stress-related illnesses such as depression, anxiety, headache, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory diseases, immune suppression, Alzheimer's disease, gastrointestinal diseases, anorexia nervosa, hemorrhagic stress, drug and alcohol withdrawal symptoms, drug addiction, infertility, head trauma, stroke, and stress-induced infections in humans and animals.
• stress-related illnesses such as depression, anxiety, headache, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory diseases, immune suppression, Alzheimer's disease, gastrointestinal diseases, anorexia nervosa, hemorrhagic stress, drug and alcohol withdrawal symptoms, drug addiction, infertility, head trauma, stroke, and stress-induced infections in humans and animals.
• This invention is directed to methods for treating heart failure in animals, and particularly mammals, comprising administering to said animal a therapeutically effective amount of 4-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridine, (3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridin-4-yl)-(1-ethyl-propyl)-amine, a prodrug thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or of said prodrug.
• Method A 4-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered.
• the mammal is a human.
• the mammal is a companion animal.
• companion animal refers to a household pet or other domesticated animal such as, but not limited to, cattle, sheep, ferrets, swine, horses, poultry, fish, rabbits, goats, dogs, cats and the like.
• Particularly preferred companion animals are dogs and cats.
• Method B the heart failure is congestive heart failure.
• Method C the mammal is a human.
• the mammal is a companion animal.
• the congestive heart failure does not worsen.
• Method D (3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridin-4-yl)-(1-ethyl-propyl)-amine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is administered.
• the mammal is a human.
• the mammal is a companion animal.
• Method E the heart failure is congestive heart failure.
• Method E In a preferred aspect of Method E, designated Method E, (3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridin-4-yl)-(1-ethyl-propyl)-amine is administered.
• Method G the mammal is a human.
• the mammal is a companion animal.
• the congestive heart failure does not worsen.
• a pharmaceutical composition comprising (a) 4-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridine or (3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridin-4-yl)-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-amine, a prodrug thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or of said prodrug, (b) a congestive heart failure treating agent and (c) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent.
• This invention is also directed to those pharmaceutical compositions set forth in the immediately preceding paragraph wherein said congestive heart failure treating agent is a cardiac glycoside, a loop diuretic, a thiazide diuretic, a potassium ion sparing diuretic, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, an angiotension receptor antagonist, a nitrovasodilator, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, a direct vasodilator, an ⁇ 1 -adrenergic receptor antagonist, a calcium channel blocker or a sympathomimetic agent.
• said congestive heart failure treating agent is a cardiac glycoside, a loop diuretic, a thiazide diuretic, a potassium ion sparing diuretic, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, an angiotension receptor antagonist, a nitrovasodilator, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, a direct vasodilator, an ⁇ 1 -adrenergic receptor antagonist, a calcium channel
• composition A comprises 4-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridine.
• Composition A comprises the mesylate salt of 4-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridine.
• Composition B A preferred aspect of Composition B is wherein said calcium channel blocker is amlodipine.
• composition C comprises (3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridin-4-yl)-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-amine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
• Composition D comprises wherein (3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridin-4-yl)-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-amine is administered.
• Composition D is wherein said calcium channel blocker is amlodipine.
• This invention is further directed to a method, designated Method H, for treating heart failure in a mammal comprising administering to said mammal a pharmaceutical composition comprising (a) 4-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridine or (3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridin-4-yl)-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-amine, a prodrug thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or of said prodrug, (b) a congestive heart failure treating agent and (c) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent.
• a pharmaceutical composition comprising (a) 4-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridine or (3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridin-4-yl)-(1-eth
• a preferred aspect of Method H, designated Method I, is wherein said congestive heart failure treating agent is a cardiac glycoside, a loop diuretic, a thiazide diuretic, a potassium ion sparing diuretic, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, an angiotension receptor antagonist, a nitrovasodilator, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, a direct vasodilator, an ⁇ 1 -adrenergic receptor antagonist, a calcium channel blocker or a sympathomimetic agent.
• Method J A preferred aspect of Method I, designated Method J, method of claim 27 comprises 4-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
• Method J A preferred aspect of Method J, designated Method K, is wherein the mesylate salt of 4-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridine is administered.
• Method K A preferred aspect of Method K is wherein said calcium channel blocker is amlodipine.
• Method H comprises (3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridin-4-yl)-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-amine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
• Method M A preferred aspect of Method L, designated Method M, is wherein (3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridin-4-yl)-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-amine is administered.
• Method M is wherein said calcium channel blocker is amlodipine.
• This invention is also directed to a kit comprising
• said congestive heart failure treating agent portion of said kit is a cardiac glycoside, a loop diuretic, a thiazide diuretic, a potassium ion sparing diuretic, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, an angiotension receptor antagonist, a nitrovasodilator, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, a direct vasodilator, an ⁇ 1 -adrenergic receptor antagonist, a calcium channel blocker or a sympathomimetic agent.
• said kit comprises 4-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
• said kit comprises 4-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridine.
• said calcium channel blocker is amlodipine.
• the kit comprises (3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridin-4-yl)-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-amine.
• said kit comprises (3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridin-4-yl)-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-amine.
• said calcium channel blocker is amlodipine.
• Heart failure refers to conditions in which the heart is no longer able to pump an adequate supply of blood in relation to the venous return and in relation to the metabolic needs of the tissues of the body at that particular moment.
• Congestive heart failure refers to that state in which abnormal circulatory congestion occurs as the result of heart failure. This includes but is not limited to circulatory failure due to mechanical abnormalities, myocardial (muscular) failure, peripheral circulatory failure and cardiac and non-cardiac circulatory overload.
• treating includes curative, preventative (e.g., prophylactic) and palliative treatment.
• pharmaceutically acceptable it is meant the carrier, diluent, excipients, and/or salt must be compatible with the other ingredients of the formulation, and not deleterious to the recipient thereof.
• pharmaceutically acceptable salt refers to nontoxic anionic salts containing anions such as (but not limited to) chloride, bromide, iodide, sulfate, bisulfate, phosphate, acetate, maleate, fumarate, oxalate, lactate, tartrate, citrate, gluconate, methanesulfonate and 4-toluene-sulfonate.
• anions such as (but not limited to) chloride, bromide, iodide, sulfate, bisulfate, phosphate, acetate, maleate, fumarate, oxalate, lactate, tartrate, citrate, gluconate, methanesulfonate and 4-toluene-sulfonate.
• nontoxic cationic salts such as (but not limited to) sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium or protonated benzathine (N,N'-dibenzylethylenediamine), choline, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, ethylenediamine, meglamine (N-methyl-glucamine), benethamine (N-benzylphenethylamine), piperazine or tromethamine (2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol).
• nontoxic cationic salts such as (but not limited to) sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, ammonium or protonated benzathine (N,N'-dibenzylethylenediamine), choline, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, ethylenediamine, meglamine (N-methyl-glucamine), benethamine (N-benzylphenethylamine), piperazine or tromethamine (2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propaned
• reaction-inert solvent and “inert solvent” refers to a solvent or a mixture of solvents which does not interact with starting materials, reagents, intermediates or products in a manner which adversely affects the yield of the desired product.
• 4-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridine is known in the art.
• 4-(1-Ethyl-propoxy)-3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridine is claimed and its preparation is described in International Patent Application Publication No. WO95/33,750.
• the preparation of 4-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridine is set forth in the Example section below.
• 3-pentanol is dissolved in a reaction inert solvent such as dimethylsulfoxide or 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone and is reacted with a suitable base such as potassium t-butoxide, potassium hydride or sodium hydride.
• a reaction inert solvent such as dimethylsulfoxide or 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
• a suitable base such as potassium t-butoxide, potassium hydride or sodium hydride.
• the reaction mixture is stirred at about 0° C. to about room temperature, preferably at room temperature, for about zero minutes to about one hour, preferably for about fifteen minutes to about thirty minutes.
• a reaction inert solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, dimethylsulfoxide or 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone or a mixture of THF with DMSO or with 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone
• a mixture of 3-pentanol and 4-chloro-2,5-dimethyl-6-(2,4,6-trimethylphenoxy)-pyridine or 4-bromo-2,5-dimethyl-6-(2,4,6-trimethylphenoxy)-pyridine in a reaction inert solvent may be treated portionwise with a suitable base such as potassium t-butoxide, potassium hydride or sodium hydride at 0° C. to room temperature until all hydrogen generated by the reaction has evolved.
• a suitable base such as potassium t-butoxide, potassium hydride or sodium hydride
• the reaction is carried out at room temperature.
• the resulting mixture is heated at about 80° C. to about 130° C., preferably at 130° C. for about one hour to about sixteen hours, preferably for about three hours.
• the product is isolated according to procedures well known to those skilled in the art.
• (3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridin-4-yl)-(1-ethyl-propyl)-amine is prepared by reacting 4-(1-ethyl-propylamino)-6-methyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-nicotinic acid methyl ester with a suitable reducing agent in a reaction inert solvent.
• a particularly preferred reducing agent is lithium aluminum hydride in the presence of aluminum trichloride.
• a particularly preferred solvent is dry tetrahydrofuran.
• the product is isolated from the reaction mixture according to well-known techniques of organic chemistry.
• (3,6-dimethyl)-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridin-4-yl)-1-ethyl-propyl)-amine is prepared by reacting 4-bromo-2,5-dimethyl-6-(2,4,6-trimethylphenoxy-pyridine with 1-ethylpropylamine in the presence of two mole percent to one equivalent of a one to one ratio of (S)- or (R)-BINAP (also known as 2,2'-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1'-binaphthyl) and Pd(OAc) 2 and one to two equivalents (preferably one equivalent) of potassium t-butoxide in a reaction inert solvent such as toluene at a temperature of between 80° C. to about 140° C., preferably at the reflux temperature of the reaction mixture.
• a reaction inert solvent such as toluene
• compositions of formulas I and II of this invention are also within the scope of this invention.
• Such pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts can be prepared in a conventional manner by treating a solution or suspension of the corresponding formula I or formula II free base with one chemical equivalent of a pharmaceutically acceptable acid. Conventional concentration or crystallization techniques can be employed to isolate such salts.
• Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable acids are acetic, lactic, succinic, maleic, tartaric, citric, gluconic, ascorbic, benzoic, cinnamic, fumaric, sulfuric, phosphoric, hydrochloric, hydrobromic, hydriodic, sulfamic, sulfonic acids and related acids as well as methanesulfonic, benzenesulfonic, p-toluenesulfonic acids and related acids.
• the second compound of this invention may be basic or acidic and as such it may form salts with either pharmaceutically acceptable anions or cations. All such salts are within the scope of this invention and they can be prepared by conventional methods. For example, they can be prepared simply by contacting the acidic and basic entities, usually in a stoichiometric ratio, in either an aqueous, non-aqueous or partially aqueous medium, as appropriate. The salts are recovered either by filtration, by precipitation with a non-solvent followed by filtration, by evaporation of the solvent, or, in the case of aqueous solutions, by lyophilization, as appropriate.
• the utility of the compounds of the present invention as a medical agent in the treatment of heart failure in mammals is demonstrated by the activity of the compounds of this invention in conventional assays described below.
• Such assays also provide a means whereby the activities of the compounds of this invention can be compared with the activities of other known compounds. The results of these comparisons are useful for determining dosage levels in mammals, including humans, for the treatment of such diseases.
• P2 membranes (1 mg wet weight/mL) from human neuroblastoma IMR32 cells are prepared in buffer (20 mM 1,4-piperazinediethanesulfonic acid (Pipes, pH 7.0), 10 nM MgCl 2 , 2 mM EGTA, 0.04% BSA, 0.015% bacitracin, 100 units/mL aprotinin). Aliquots of 100 ⁇ l are added to assay samples containing 125 I-labeled ovine CRF ( 125 I-oCRF; 40 pM) and test compounds or buffer in a final volume of 200 ⁇ l. Nonspecific binding is determined using 1 ⁇ M rat/human CRF.
• the compounds of this invention are readily adapted to clinical use as a heart failure treating agent.
• an effective dosage of 4-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridine or (3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridin-4-yl)-(1-ethyl-propyl)-amine for a 50 kg to 100 kg human being is in the range of about 0.1 mg to 3000 mg per day in single or divided doses, and preferably about one mg to about 1000 mg per day in single or divided doses.
• An especially preferred dosage range is 10 mg to 100 mg per day in single or divided doses.
• a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compounds of the invention may be administered. Dosages of said salts can be readily calculated by persons skilled in the art by application of simple mathematical and chemical principles.
• the amount and timing of compound administered will be dependent upon the subject being treated, on the severity of the affliction, on the manner of administration and upon the judgment of the prescribing physician. Thus, due to patient to patient variability, the dosages given above are intended to be a guideline.
• the physician may titrate doses of 4-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridine or (3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridin-4-yl)-(1-ethyl-propyl)-amine to achieve the treatment (e.g., congestive heart failure improvement) that the physician considers appropriate for the patient.
• the physician must balance a variety of factors such as age of the patient, presence of preexisting disease, as well as presence of other diseases.
• 4-(1-Ethyl-propoxy)-3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridine or (3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridin-4-yl)-(1-ethyl-propyl)-amine may be administered alone or in combination with digitalis, thiazide diuretics, other diuretics and ACE inhibitors.
• the compounds of the present invention are generally administered in the form of a pharmaceutical composition
• a pharmaceutical composition comprising 4-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridine or (3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridin-4-yl)-(1-ethyl-propyl)-amine together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent.
• 4-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridine or (3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridin-4-yl)-(1-ethyl-propyl)-amine can be administered individually or together in any conventional oral, parenteral, rectal or transdermal dosage form.
• the compounds of the present invention and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts may be administered alone or in combination with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, in either single or multiple doses.
• suitable pharmaceutical carriers include inert solid diluents or fillers, sterile aqueous solutions, oils (e.g., peanut oil, sesame oil) and various organic solvents.
• the pharmaceutical compositions formed by combining a compound of the present invention and pharmaceutically acceptable carriers can then be readily administered in a variety of dosage forms such as tablets, powders, lozenges, emulsions, oil soft gels, syrups, injectable solutions and the like.
• These pharmaceutical compositions can, if desired, contain additional ingredients such as flavorings, binders, excipients and the like.
• tablets containing various excipients such as sodium citrate, calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate may be employed along with various disintegrants such as starch, methylcellulose, alginic acid and certain complex silicates, together with binding agents such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, sucrose, gelatin and acacia.
• binding agents such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, sucrose, gelatin and acacia.
• lubricating agents such as magnesium stearate, sodium lauryl sulfate and talc are often useful for tabletting purposes.
• Solid compositions of a similar type may also be employed as fillers in soft and hard filled gelatin capsules. Preferred materials for this include lactose or milk sugar and high molecular weight polyethylene glycols.
• the essential active ingredient therein may be combined with various sweetening or flavoring agents, coloring matter or dyes and, if desired, emulsifying or suspending agents, together with diluents such as water, ethanol, propylene glycol, glycerin and combinations thereof.
• solutions containing a compound of this invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in sesame or peanut oil, aqueous propylene glycol, or in sterile aqueous solution may be employed.
• aqueous solutions should be suitably buffered if necessary and the liquid diluent first rendered isotonic with sufficient saline or glucose.
• aqueous solutions are especially suitable for intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous and intraperitoneal administration.
• the sterile aqueous media employed are all readily available by standard techniques known to those skilled in the art.
• aqueous or partially aqueous solutions are prepared.
• compositions according to this invention may contain 0.1%-95% of a compound of this invention, preferably 1%-70%.
• the composition or formulation to be administered will contain a quantity of a compound according to this invention in an amount effective to treat the disease/condition of the subject being treated, e.g., congestive heart failure.
• kits includes two separate pharmaceutical compositions: 4-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridine, (3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridin-4-yl)-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-amine, a prodrug thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of said compound and a congestive heart failure treating agent.
• the kit includes container means for containing the separate compositions such as a divided bottle or a divided foil packet, however, the separate compositions may also be contained within a single, undivided container.
• the kit includes directions for the administration of the separate components.
• the kit form is particularly advantageous when the separate components are preferably administered in different dosage forms (e.g., oral and parenteral), are administered at different dosage intervals, or when titration of the individual components of the combination is desired by the prescribing physician.
• THF and DMSO mean "tetrahydrofuran” and “dimethylsulfoxide”, respectively.
• 4-(1-Ethyl-propoxy)-3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridinium methanesulfonate 4-(1-ethyl-propoxy)-3,6-dimethyl-2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-phenoxy)-pyridine (prepared as described in Example 1) was treated with 1 equivalent of methanesulfonic acid in ethyl acetate. The white crystals formed from ethyl acetate, melting point 117-119° C.
• the reaction mixture was heated under reflux for two hours and then cooled to 0° C.
• the reaction mixture was diluted with hexanes (500 mL) and mixed with saturated ammonium chloride (NH 4 Cl, 1000 mL). After warming to room temperature, the mixture was stirred overnight.
• the layers were separated and the organic layer was washed with 3 ⁇ 125 mL of 1N hydrochloric acid (HCl) and 1 ⁇ 250 mL of water. After drying over sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 ), the solids were removed by filtration and washed with hexanes. The filtrate was concentrated under vacuum to afford a brown oil.
• the residue was mixed with methanol (250 mL) and was stirred overnight.

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  • 1999-02-16 MA MA25465A patent/MA26608A1/fr unknown
  • 1999-02-17 HR HR60/074,934A patent/HRP990054A2/hr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1999-02-17 PL PL99331507A patent/PL331507A1/xx unknown

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