US5512060A - Process for treating textile materials with enzyme containing compositions and high frequency fields - Google Patents

Process for treating textile materials with enzyme containing compositions and high frequency fields Download PDF

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Publication number
US5512060A
US5512060A US08/439,804 US43980495A US5512060A US 5512060 A US5512060 A US 5512060A US 43980495 A US43980495 A US 43980495A US 5512060 A US5512060 A US 5512060A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
textile material
process according
liquor
textile
high frequency
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
US08/439,804
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English (en)
Inventor
Saverio Fornelli
Illa Souren
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Sandoz AG
Original Assignee
Sandoz AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to US08/439,804 priority Critical patent/US5512060A/en
Assigned to SANDOZ LTD. reassignment SANDOZ LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SOUREN, ILLA, FORNELLI, SAVERIO
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US5512060A publication Critical patent/US5512060A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06PDYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P5/00Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
    • D06P5/20Physical treatments affecting dyeing, e.g. ultrasonic or electric
    • D06P5/2011Application of vibrations, pulses or waves for non-thermic purposes
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06BTREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B13/00Treatment of textile materials with liquids, gases or vapours with aid of vibration
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06BTREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B19/00Treatment of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours, not provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B17/00
    • D06B19/0005Fixing of chemicals, e.g. dyestuffs, on textile materials
    • D06B19/007Fixing of chemicals, e.g. dyestuffs, on textile materials by application of electric energy
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06BTREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B19/00Treatment of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours, not provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B17/00
    • D06B19/0088Treatment of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours, not provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B17/00 using a short bath ratio liquor
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06LDRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L1/00Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods
    • D06L1/12Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods using aqueous solvents
    • D06L1/14De-sizing
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06LDRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L4/00Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
    • D06L4/10Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen
    • D06L4/12Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen combined with specific additives
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06LDRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L4/00Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
    • D06L4/40Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using enzymes
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06LDRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L4/00Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
    • D06L4/50Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs by irradiation or ozonisation
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M10/00Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M10/00Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
    • D06M10/006Ultra-high-frequency heating
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M16/00Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic
    • D06M16/003Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic with enzymes or microorganisms
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06PDYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P5/00Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
    • D06P5/15Locally discharging the dyes
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06PDYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P5/00Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
    • D06P5/15Locally discharging the dyes
    • D06P5/158Locally discharging the dyes with other compounds
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06PDYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P5/00Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
    • D06P5/20Physical treatments affecting dyeing, e.g. ultrasonic or electric
    • D06P5/2016Application of electric energy
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D2111/00Cleaning compositions characterised by the objects to be cleaned; Cleaning compositions characterised by non-standard cleaning or washing processes
    • C11D2111/40Specific cleaning or washing processes
    • C11D2111/46Specific cleaning or washing processes applying energy, e.g. irradiation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
    • Y02P70/62Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/12Wave energy treatment of textiles

Definitions

  • Further treatments also include treatments that are not classified as pretreatments such as enzymatic treatments to give the "old fashion look" on dyed cotton.
  • the high frequency field can be set up between two parallel plate electrodes or for piece work, stray field electrodes can be used.
  • Stray field electrodes comprise circular rods located transverse to the motion of the material.
  • the liquor is an aqueous solution containing up to 20 ml (preferably 5-10 ml) of the active treatment agent per liter.
  • Example 2a1 can be repeated with
  • a cotton fabric dyed with C.I. Reactive Red 147 is treated according to the method of Example 2. Good handle properties occur.
  • the substrates have improved handle properties.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
US08/439,804 1991-08-27 1995-05-12 Process for treating textile materials with enzyme containing compositions and high frequency fields Expired - Fee Related US5512060A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/439,804 US5512060A (en) 1991-08-27 1995-05-12 Process for treating textile materials with enzyme containing compositions and high frequency fields

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4128256.6 1991-08-27
DE4128256A DE4128256C1 (nl) 1991-08-27 1991-08-27
US93551092A 1992-08-26 1992-08-26
US17946494A 1994-01-10 1994-01-10
US08/439,804 US5512060A (en) 1991-08-27 1995-05-12 Process for treating textile materials with enzyme containing compositions and high frequency fields

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US17946494A Continuation 1991-08-27 1994-01-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US5512060A true US5512060A (en) 1996-04-30

Family

ID=6439131

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US08/439,804 Expired - Fee Related US5512060A (en) 1991-08-27 1995-05-12 Process for treating textile materials with enzyme containing compositions and high frequency fields

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5512060A (nl)
EP (1) EP0530150A1 (nl)
JP (1) JPH05239762A (nl)
DE (2) DE4128256C1 (nl)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5752981A (en) * 1994-02-03 1998-05-19 Clariant Finance (Bvi) Limited Finishing of textile fibre materials
US6051033A (en) * 1998-05-20 2000-04-18 Novo Nordisk Brochem North America Inc. Method for enzymatic treatment of wool
US20040186040A1 (en) * 2001-07-11 2004-09-23 Bernard Danner Textile fibre degreasing agents, their production and their use
CN102378810A (zh) * 2009-04-03 2012-03-14 松本油脂制药株式会社 洗涤剂组合物及使用其的清洁方法
CN102454118A (zh) * 2010-10-18 2012-05-16 南通曙光染织有限公司 纱线生态染色方法
CN108486857A (zh) * 2018-05-25 2018-09-04 嘉善求是针织服饰有限公司 一种布料印染前的退浆工艺
CN108642851A (zh) * 2018-05-15 2018-10-12 佛山市衣香蒂丝服装设计有限公司 一种纺织面料的前处理工艺
CN109295735A (zh) * 2018-10-19 2019-02-01 江苏联发纺织股份有限公司 一种纯亚麻筒子纱的生产工艺
CN113605086A (zh) * 2021-07-30 2021-11-05 苏州家和蚕业生物科技有限公司 一种蚕丝绵的制备方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4303920C2 (de) * 1993-02-10 1998-04-30 Hoechst Ag Verfahren zum Entschlichten von mit wasserlöslicher Schlichte beladenem Textilgut
NL1000663C2 (nl) * 1995-06-26 1996-12-31 Tno Werkwijze voor het verlengen van de levensduur van een persvilt.
WO1997022747A1 (fr) * 1995-12-19 1997-06-26 Toray Industries, Inc. Structures a fibres et son procede de production
DE10105345A1 (de) * 2000-07-14 2002-01-24 Arconia Gmbh Chur Tierhaarprodukt und Verfahren zur Bearbeitung, insbesondere Reinigung von Tierhaarprodukten
JP4527400B2 (ja) * 2001-12-06 2010-08-18 イー・アイ・デュポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー 造形された非熱可塑性繊維状材料に保留性を与えるための方法
CN101457477B (zh) * 2008-12-08 2011-04-20 锦州宏丰印染厂有限公司 涤棉织物采用高效精炼酶一步一浴法的前处理方法
CN102102298B (zh) * 2009-12-22 2012-07-25 福建众和股份有限公司 一种羊毛棉或羊绒棉印染布的前处理、染色和整理工艺
CN102899880A (zh) * 2012-11-08 2013-01-30 天津工业大学 一种利用多酶耦合作用提高棉及混纺织物漂白效果的方法
CN103952918B (zh) * 2014-05-13 2015-12-02 清华大学 棉针织物生物酶冷轧堆短流程平幅连续练漂染生产工艺
CN109629238A (zh) * 2018-11-28 2019-04-16 湖州世轩丝绸进出口有限公司 一种天然羊绒生物酶法脱脂方法

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DE1760577A1 (de) * 1968-06-06 1971-12-16 Kleinewefers Soehne J Verfahren zur chemischen Ausruestung von Textilfasern mittels Hochfrequenzwaerme
US3646744A (en) * 1969-12-22 1972-03-07 Us Agriculture Method and apparatus for bulking yarn
US3729914A (en) * 1971-06-08 1973-05-01 C Mcclure Strand treatment
US3801274A (en) * 1971-12-13 1974-04-02 J Gleason Method for cleaning fabrics and clothes
US4104019A (en) * 1975-05-21 1978-08-01 Dawson International Limited Fixation of dyes and other chemicals in textile fibres
US4115985A (en) * 1976-07-12 1978-09-26 Asa S.A. Method of apparatus for the thermal treatment of textiles articles
FR2485575A1 (fr) * 1980-06-25 1981-12-31 Electricite De France Procede et installation de traitement discontinu de pieces de tissu
US4466258A (en) * 1982-01-06 1984-08-21 Sando Iron Works Co., Ltd. Apparatus for low-temperature plasma treatment of a textile product
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US4619667A (en) * 1982-02-12 1986-10-28 Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd Method for increasing color density and improving color fastness of dyed fabrics
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DE3703049A1 (de) * 1987-02-03 1988-08-11 Wfk Testgewebe Gmbh Verfahren zum bleichen sowie vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
EP0295205A1 (fr) * 1987-06-05 1988-12-14 Ciba-Geigy Ag Procédé de teinture ou apprêt par foulardage avec fixation à la continue de matières textiles
DE3729442A1 (de) * 1987-09-03 1989-03-23 Wfk Testgewebe Gmbh Verfahren zum bleichen und/oder desinfizieren von textilen flaechengebilden in einer waschmaschine
US4912056A (en) * 1987-09-15 1990-03-27 Ecolab Inc. Treatment of denim with cellulase to produce a stone washed appearance
EP0362465A2 (en) * 1988-10-04 1990-04-11 Naigai Special Dyeing Co., Ltd. Cloth treatment method by electric current
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US3646744A (en) * 1969-12-22 1972-03-07 Us Agriculture Method and apparatus for bulking yarn
US3729914A (en) * 1971-06-08 1973-05-01 C Mcclure Strand treatment
US3801274A (en) * 1971-12-13 1974-04-02 J Gleason Method for cleaning fabrics and clothes
US4104019A (en) * 1975-05-21 1978-08-01 Dawson International Limited Fixation of dyes and other chemicals in textile fibres
US4115985A (en) * 1976-07-12 1978-09-26 Asa S.A. Method of apparatus for the thermal treatment of textiles articles
FR2485575A1 (fr) * 1980-06-25 1981-12-31 Electricite De France Procede et installation de traitement discontinu de pieces de tissu
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US4619667A (en) * 1982-02-12 1986-10-28 Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd Method for increasing color density and improving color fastness of dyed fabrics
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US4997519A (en) * 1987-03-03 1991-03-05 Kanebo, Ltd. Deep-colored fibers and a process for manufacturing the same
EP0295205A1 (fr) * 1987-06-05 1988-12-14 Ciba-Geigy Ag Procédé de teinture ou apprêt par foulardage avec fixation à la continue de matières textiles
DE3729442A1 (de) * 1987-09-03 1989-03-23 Wfk Testgewebe Gmbh Verfahren zum bleichen und/oder desinfizieren von textilen flaechengebilden in einer waschmaschine
US4912056A (en) * 1987-09-15 1990-03-27 Ecolab Inc. Treatment of denim with cellulase to produce a stone washed appearance
US4912056B1 (en) * 1987-09-15 1997-04-01 Ivax Ind Inc Treatment of denim with cellulase to produce a stone washed appearance
EP0362465A2 (en) * 1988-10-04 1990-04-11 Naigai Special Dyeing Co., Ltd. Cloth treatment method by electric current

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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5752981A (en) * 1994-02-03 1998-05-19 Clariant Finance (Bvi) Limited Finishing of textile fibre materials
US6051033A (en) * 1998-05-20 2000-04-18 Novo Nordisk Brochem North America Inc. Method for enzymatic treatment of wool
US20040186040A1 (en) * 2001-07-11 2004-09-23 Bernard Danner Textile fibre degreasing agents, their production and their use
US6989360B2 (en) 2001-07-11 2006-01-24 Clariant Finance (Bvi) Limited Textile fiber degreasing agents, their production and their use
CN102378810B (zh) * 2009-04-03 2013-07-31 松本油脂制药株式会社 洗涤剂组合物及使用其的清洁方法
CN102378810A (zh) * 2009-04-03 2012-03-14 松本油脂制药株式会社 洗涤剂组合物及使用其的清洁方法
CN102454118A (zh) * 2010-10-18 2012-05-16 南通曙光染织有限公司 纱线生态染色方法
CN102454118B (zh) * 2010-10-18 2014-03-26 南通斯恩特纺织科技有限公司 纱线生态染色方法
CN108642851A (zh) * 2018-05-15 2018-10-12 佛山市衣香蒂丝服装设计有限公司 一种纺织面料的前处理工艺
CN108486857A (zh) * 2018-05-25 2018-09-04 嘉善求是针织服饰有限公司 一种布料印染前的退浆工艺
CN109295735A (zh) * 2018-10-19 2019-02-01 江苏联发纺织股份有限公司 一种纯亚麻筒子纱的生产工艺
CN113605086A (zh) * 2021-07-30 2021-11-05 苏州家和蚕业生物科技有限公司 一种蚕丝绵的制备方法
CN113605086B (zh) * 2021-07-30 2023-11-17 苏州家和蚕业生物科技有限公司 一种蚕丝绵的制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4227418A1 (de) 1993-03-04
DE4128256C1 (nl) 1993-04-15
JPH05239762A (ja) 1993-09-17
EP0530150A1 (de) 1993-03-03
DE4227418C2 (de) 1994-04-21

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