US20150040701A1 - Single-Axis Actuator - Google Patents

Single-Axis Actuator Download PDF

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Publication number
US20150040701A1
US20150040701A1 US14/347,835 US201314347835A US2015040701A1 US 20150040701 A1 US20150040701 A1 US 20150040701A1 US 201314347835 A US201314347835 A US 201314347835A US 2015040701 A1 US2015040701 A1 US 2015040701A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
slider
threaded shaft
longitudinal direction
rolling
nut
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US14/347,835
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English (en)
Inventor
Yuya Shimomura
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NSK Ltd
Original Assignee
NSK Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
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Assigned to NSK LTD. reassignment NSK LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SHIMOMURA, Yuya
Publication of US20150040701A1 publication Critical patent/US20150040701A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H25/00Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20Screw mechanisms
    • F16H25/22Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members
    • F16H25/2204Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members with balls
    • F16H25/2214Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members with balls with elements for guiding the circulating balls
    • F16H25/2219Axially mounted end-deflectors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C29/00Bearings for parts moving only linearly
    • F16C29/04Ball or roller bearings
    • F16C29/06Ball or roller bearings in which the rolling bodies circulate partly without carrying load
    • F16C29/0602Details of the bearing body or carriage or parts thereof, e.g. methods for manufacturing or assembly
    • F16C29/0609Details of the bearing body or carriage or parts thereof, e.g. methods for manufacturing or assembly of the ends of the bearing body or carriage where the rolling elements change direction, e.g. end caps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C29/00Bearings for parts moving only linearly
    • F16C29/04Ball or roller bearings
    • F16C29/06Ball or roller bearings in which the rolling bodies circulate partly without carrying load
    • F16C29/0602Details of the bearing body or carriage or parts thereof, e.g. methods for manufacturing or assembly
    • F16C29/0611Details of the bearing body or carriage or parts thereof, e.g. methods for manufacturing or assembly of the return passages, i.e. the passages where the rolling elements do not carry load
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C29/00Bearings for parts moving only linearly
    • F16C29/04Ball or roller bearings
    • F16C29/06Ball or roller bearings in which the rolling bodies circulate partly without carrying load
    • F16C29/063Ball or roller bearings in which the rolling bodies circulate partly without carrying load with a bearing body, e.g. a carriage or part thereof, provided between the legs of a U-shaped guide rail or track
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C29/00Bearings for parts moving only linearly
    • F16C29/04Ball or roller bearings
    • F16C29/06Ball or roller bearings in which the rolling bodies circulate partly without carrying load
    • F16C29/0633Ball or roller bearings in which the rolling bodies circulate partly without carrying load with a bearing body defining a U-shaped carriage, i.e. surrounding a guide rail or track on three sides
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H25/00Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20Screw mechanisms
    • F16H25/22Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members
    • F16H25/2204Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members with balls
    • F16H25/2214Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members with balls with elements for guiding the circulating balls
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2322/00Apparatus used in shaping articles
    • F16C2322/39General build up of machine tools, e.g. spindles, slides, actuators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H25/00Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20Screw mechanisms
    • F16H2025/2031Actuator casings
    • F16H2025/2034Extruded frame casings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H25/00Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20Screw mechanisms
    • F16H2025/204Axial sliding means, i.e. for rotary support and axial guiding of nut or screw shaft
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/18Mechanical movements
    • Y10T74/18568Reciprocating or oscillating to or from alternating rotary
    • Y10T74/18576Reciprocating or oscillating to or from alternating rotary including screw and nut

Definitions

  • This invention relates to single-axis actuators.
  • a single-axis actuator in which a ball screw mechanism and a linear guide mechanism are combined together, has a guide rail having a letter U shaped cross section perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the actuator, a slider arranged in a letter U shaped depression of the guide rail, and plural rolling elements allocated between the guide rail and the slider.
  • a nut is formed in parallel to the guide rail, so that the plural balls are allocated in a raceway formed by a spiral groove of the nut and a spiral groove of a threaded shaft penetrating through the nut.
  • the guide rail has a rolling face implementing a rolling passage for the rolling elements on each of the inner faces opposing each side faces of the slider.
  • the slider has a rolling face opposing the rolling face of the guide rail so as to implement a rolling passage, a returning passage for the rolling elements, and a direction changing passage for communicating the returning passage and the rolling passage.
  • the rolling elements are allocated in a circulating passage implemented by the rolling passage, the returning passage, and the direction changing passage.
  • the single-axis actuator further includes a circulating part for returning the balls from the endpoint to the start point of the raceway.
  • the single-axis actuator is configured so that the rotational force of the threaded shaft is transmitted through the balls to the nut by rotation of the threaded shaft, the rolling elements circulate in the circulating passage while rolling in the rolling passage in a loaded state, and the slider moves along the guide rail.
  • PTL 1 and PTL 2 disclose the single-axis actuators into which rollers are incorporated as the rolling elements, respectively.
  • rollers By using the rollers as the rolling elements, it is possible to increase the load capacity and rigidity while ensuring the light weight and compact size, as compared to the case of using the balls.
  • a female screw part of the bearing block i.e., the nut of the slider
  • insert molding is formed by insert molding.
  • the DF contact structure i.e., the structure in which the virtual intersection point of the load-effecting lines of rows of rollers rolling in a double-row rolling passage formed on each of inner faces is arranged on the inner side of the rolling passage in the width direction of the actuator
  • the nut is directly formed in the slider.
  • a circulating tube is used for implementing the ball returning passage for returning the balls from the end point to the start point of the raceway. That is, the slider is configured to have through holes penetrating perpendicularly to a longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft. Leg parts of the circulating tube are inserted into the through holes, respectively, so as to secure the circulating tube onto either the top face or the bottom face of the slider by an attachment bracket.
  • the area of the outer circumferential circle of the threaded shaft is less than 20% of the area of the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider.
  • PTL 3 discloses that the ball returning passage of the ball screw apparatus is configured to encompass the through hole penetrating through the nut in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft, and circulating parts (i.e., circulating pieces) having the direction changing passage connected to the through hole and disposed at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the nut.
  • the circulating part has a retaining projection for preventing from being dropped out in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft (i.e., a projection at a part to be contact with the radial inner face of the nut), and a depression into which the retaining projection is fit is provided on the radial inner face of the nut.
  • the structure with the use of a letter C shaped retaining ring can be considered to be a retaining structure for preventing the circulating parts disposed at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the nut from dropping out in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft.
  • the circulating tube When the circulating tube is secured onto the bottom face of the slider in the single-axis actuator and the circulating tube protrudes from the bottom face of the slider, the circulating tube may be contacted with the guide rail, unless there is a sufficient space between the bottom face of the slider and the bottom face of the letter U shaped guide rail.
  • the depression into which the circulating tube is disposed needs to be provided, or an escape part of the circulating tube needs to be provided on a work piece (i.e., a member secured onto the slider) side for protruding the circulating tube from the top face of the slider.
  • a work piece i.e., a member secured onto the slider
  • the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider will be large.
  • the escape part on the work piece side the production cost will be increased.
  • the slider of the single-axis actuator has, in general, a slider body in which the spiral groove of the nut is formed, and an end cap secured on the outer side in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body. Accordingly, in the method of providing the circulating tube in the depressed part on the top face of the slider, since an end face in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft needs to be contact with the end cap, one end part in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the spiral groove of the nut is not used as the raceway of the balls of the ball screw mechanism.
  • the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider is made small, when the diameter of the outer circumferential circle of the threaded shaft of the present invention is same as that of the circulating tube type, and the load capacity is made large, when the size in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider of the present invention is same as that of the circulating tube type.
  • a ball returning passage for returning balls from an endpoint to a start point of a raceway is implemented by: a through hole penetrating through the slider in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft; and circulating parts having direction changing passages connected with the through hole and arranged both ends of the slider in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft.
  • the single-axis actuator according to one aspect of the present invention has the following configurations.
  • a guide rail having a letter U shaped cross section perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the single-axis actuator; a slider arranged in a depression of the guide rail having the letter U shaped cross section; a plurality of rolling elements allocated between the guide rail and the slider; a nut formed in the slider to be parallel to the guide rail; a threaded shaft penetrating through the nut; and a plurality of balls allocated in a raceway between a spiral groove of the nut and a spiral groove of the threaded shaft.
  • the guide rail has a rolling face implementing a rolling passage for the plurality of rolling elements, on each of inner side faces opposing each of side faces of the slider, the slider includes a rolling face for opposing the rolling face of the guide rail and implementing the rolling passage, a returning passage for the plurality of rolling elements, and a direction changing passage for communicating the returning passage and the rolling passage, wherein the plurality of rolling elements are allocated in a circulating passage implemented by the rolling passage, the returning passage, and the direction changing passage.
  • a ball returning passage for returning the plurality of balls from an end point of the raceway to a start point of the raceway is implemented by a through hole penetrating through the slider in a longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft, and circulating parts having direction changing passages connected with the through hole and allocated at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider.
  • a rotational force of the threaded shaft is transmitted via the plurality of balls to the nut by rotation of the threaded shaft, the rolling elements circulate in the circulating passage while rolling in a loaded state, and the slider is movable along the guide rail.
  • the circulating parts for returning the balls from the end points to the start points the raceway are arranged at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider, respectively.
  • the whole length of the spiral groove of the nut in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft is used as a raceway of the balls in the ball screw mechanism. Therefore, as compared to the case where the circulating tube is used as the circulating part, when the size in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider according to the one aspect of the present invention is same as that of the circulating tube type, the load capacity can be made larger.
  • both ends in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the spiral groove of the nut is not used as the raceway of the balls in the ball screw mechanism, in some cases.
  • the circulating part is not provided on either the top face or the bottom face.
  • the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider will not become larger by the circulating part.
  • the area of the outer circumferential circle of the threaded shaft can be made 20% or more of the area of the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider.
  • the plurality of the rolling elements may be rollers, and a virtual intersection point of load effecting lines of rows of the rollers rolling in a double-row rolling passage formed in the each of inner faces of the guide rail may exist on an inner side of the rolling passage in a width direction of the guide rail.
  • the single-axis actuator according to one aspect of the present invention has the following configurations (5) to (7), it is preferable to include the following configuration (8) and it is more preferable to include the following configuration (9). In addition, it is preferable to further include the following configuration (10).
  • the slider includes a slider body and an end cap secured on an outer side of the slider body in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft, the spiral groove of the nut is formed in the slider body.
  • an end of the slider body in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft has a non-nut part in which the spiral groove is not formed.
  • a circulating part depression is formed for fitting the circulating part at a boundary with the non-nut part on an inner circumferential face of a nut part in which the spiral groove is formed, the circulating part is fit in the circulating part depression.
  • a spacer is arranged in the non-nut part, and the spacer is arranged between the circulating part and the end cap in a contact state.
  • a spacer is arranged in the non-nut part, and the spacer is arranged in a shrinking state by elastic deformation between the circulating part and the end cap.
  • a spacer depression into which the spacer is fit is formed to be continuous with the circulating part depression in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft, and the spacer is fit in the spacer depression.
  • aluminum alloy synthetic resin such as polyacetal resin, thermoplastic elastomer, rubber, or the like can be used.
  • the circulating part is arranged at the depression at the boundary with the non-nut part on the nut part. That is, in the single-axis actuator with the above configurations (5) to (7), since the circulating part depression is arranged at a position apart from the end in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body, the circulating part needs to prevent from being dropped out to the non-nut part in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft.
  • the whole size in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the non-nut part needs to be enlarged than a usual case, so as to form a locking part of the letter C shaped retaining ring.
  • the non-nut part becomes thin, and it is not preferable in ensuring the mechanical strength of the slider body.
  • the size of the non-nut part in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft is long, the work of attaching the letter C shaped retaining ring is difficult.
  • the spacer is inserted toward the circulating part fit into the circulating part depression from the non-nut part side of the slider body, and the end cap is secured onto the slider body, so that the circulating part is prevented from being dropped out to the non-nut part in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft.
  • the work of attaching the circulating part is facilitated and the work of confirming the attached state is facilitated or eliminated.
  • the non-nut part in the whole size in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft need not be enlarged as compared to a usual case, so that the mechanical strength of the slider body is ensured.
  • the work of attaching the circulating part is facilitated and the work of attaching the spacer is also facilitated, as compared to the case where the above configuration (10) is not included.
  • the circulating part can be secured with certainty by use of the elastic deformation of the spacer.
  • the single-axis actuator of one aspect of the present invention it is preferable to include at least any one of the following configurations (11) and (12).
  • the through hole implementing the ball returning passage is allocated within a range of a circle indicating a groove bottom of the spiral groove of the nut in a vertical direction of the slider body.
  • the slider includes a slider body and an end cap secured on an outer side of the slider body in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft, the spiral groove of the nut is formed in the slider body, the slider body has a depression into which the circulating part is fit, and a direction of the circulating part scooping the plurality of balls is parallel or perpendicular to a top face of the slider body.
  • the single-axis actuator of one aspect of the present invention since the whole length of the spiral groove of the nut in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft is used as the raceway of the balls in the ball screw mechanism, the size of the nut in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft can be shortened, as compared to the conventional single-axis actuator in which the ball returning passage of the ball screw mechanism is implemented by the circulating tube. According to the single-axis actuator of one aspect of the present invention, when plural sliders are included, the stroke can be made longer than the conventional single-axis actuator.
  • the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider can be made small, when the diameter of the outer circumferential circle of the threaded shaft of the present invention is same as that of the circulating tube type, and the load capacity can be made large, when the size in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider of the present invention is same as that of the circulating tube type.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view illustrative of a single-axis actuator according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view take along line A-A of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 4A is a rear view illustrative of an end deflector included in the single-axis actuator of FIG. 1 viewed from the left side in FIG. 4B ;
  • FIG. 4B is a view illustrative of the end deflector included in the single-axis actuator of FIG. 1 and a direction changing passage can be shown;
  • FIG. 4C is a front view illustrative of the end deflector included in the single-axis actuator of FIG. 1 viewed from the right side in FIG. 4B ;
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrative of the single-axis actuator in which the end deflector is removed from the slider body of FIG. 3 ;
  • FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view illustrative of an example, according to a modification of the first embodiment, in which a direction of the end deflector scooping the balls is perpendicular to the top face of the slider body;
  • FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view illustrative of an example, according to a modification of the first embodiment, in which a direction of the end deflector scooping the balls is parallel to the top face of the slider body;
  • FIG. 6C is a cross-sectional view illustrative of an example including a double threaded screw, according to a modification of the first embodiment
  • FIG. 7 is a view illustrative of a single-axis actuator according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and is a view corresponding to the cross-sectional view take along line A-A of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 8 is a view illustrative of one end face in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body implementing a single-axis actuator according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a view illustrative of the other end face in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body implementing the single-axis actuator according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a view illustrative of one end in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body implementing the single-axis actuator according to the third embodiment of the present invention, and is a view corresponding to the cross-sectional view take along line A-A of FIG. 8 ;
  • FIG. 11 is a view illustrative of the other end in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body implementing the single-axis actuator according to the third embodiment of the present invention, and is a view corresponding to the cross-sectional view take along line A-A of FIG. 9 ;
  • FIG. 12A is a rear view illustrative of a spacer implementing the single-axis actuator according to the third embodiment of the present invention viewed from the left side in FIG. 12B ;
  • FIG. 12B is a view illustrative of the spacer implementing the single-axis actuator according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and corresponds to FIG. 4B ;
  • FIG. 12C is a front view illustrative of the spacer implementing the single-axis actuator according to a third embodiment of the present invention viewed from the right side in FIG. 12B ;
  • FIG. 13 is a view illustrative of an assembling method of the slider implementing the single-axis actuator according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view illustrative of a single-axis actuator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of the single-axis actuator.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view (i.e., cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1 ) perpendicular to a linear movement direction (i.e., the longitudinal direction of a threaded shaft).
  • the single-axis actuator encompasses a guide rail 1 , a slider 2 , a threaded shaft 3 , balls 4 , rollers 5 , and end deflectors 6 .
  • the guide rail 1 has a letter U shaped cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and the slider 2 is accommodated in a letter U shaped depression 11 .
  • the guide rail 1 is made of a pair of side parts 12 , a bottom part 13 , and end members 14 A and 14 B, and an inner face of each of the side parts 12 opposes each of side faces of the slider 2 .
  • a rolling face 12 a implementing the rolling passage for the rollers 5 is formed on an inner face of each of the side parts 12 .
  • Through holes 15 are formed at the bottom part 13 of the guide rail 1 to let attachment bolts penetrate through the through holes 15 , respectively.
  • the through holes 15 are arranged on the bottom part 13 at boundary positions in the width direction with the side parts 12 , respectively.
  • the slider 2 is divided into a slider body 2 A, an end cap 2 B, a lubricant supplying member 2 C, and a side seal 2 D, in the linear movement direction.
  • a direction changing passage for the rollers 5 is formed in the end cap 2 B.
  • slide plates 2 E to be arranged on the top face of the side part 12 of the guide rail 1 are provided on both sides in the width direction on the top of the slider 2 , over the whole length in the linear movement direction.
  • a female screw (i.e., nut) 21 penetrating, in parallel to the guide rail 1 , through the center of the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body 2 A is provided at the slider body 2 A.
  • the nut 21 is formed by directly processing the spiral groove on the slider body 2 A.
  • the threaded shaft 3 penetrates through the nut 21 , and the balls 4 are allocated between the nut 21 and the threaded shaft 3 in the nut 21 .
  • the both ends in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft 3 are rollably supported by end members 14 A and 14 B at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the guide rail 1 , respectively.
  • One end in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft 3 i.e., a part protruding on the right end in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 ) is attached to a motor, when in use.
  • a rolling face 22 a is formed on each of the side faces of the slider body 2 A at a position opposing the rolling face 12 a of the guide rail 1 .
  • the above-described opposing rolling faces 12 a and 22 a implement the rolling passage for the rollers 5 .
  • Two pairs of the above-described rolling passages, i.e., four rows in total are provided in such a manner that a virtual intersection point C of load-effecting lines L 1 and L 2 of rows of rollers rolling along the double-row rolling passage on each of the side parts 12 exists on the inner side of the rolling passage in the width direction of the guide rail 1 .
  • a virtual horizontal line LC passing through the virtual intersection point C is arranged on the lower side from the height of the center of the threaded shaft 3 (i.e., a line L 3 ) by a dimension K.
  • An angle (contact angle) made by the virtual horizontal line LC and the load-effecting lines L 1 and L 2 is respectively 45 degrees.
  • Each of the end deflectors 6 is made of a body 61 and a fixed piece 62 , as illustrated in FIG. 4A to FIG. 4C , and a direction changing passage 61 a and a tongue 61 b are formed in the body 61 .
  • the slider body 2 A is formed with through holes 24 and 25 penetrating through the slider body 2 A in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft.
  • the through hole 25 is a hole into which a sleeve 51 a for implementing a returning passage 51 for the rollers 5 is inserted.
  • the through hole 24 is a hole for implementing the returning passage for the balls 4 , and is arranged on the right lower part of the nut 21 .
  • notch parts i.e., circulating part depressions
  • depressions i.e., circulating part depressions
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the secured state.
  • the direction changing passage 61 a of the body 61 of the end deflector 6 is connected to the through hole 24 of the slider body 2 A.
  • the fixed piece 62 fit into the depression 27 restricts the movement of the end deflector 6 to the linear movement direction of the slider body 2 A and to the radial and circumferential directions of the nut 21 , so that the rotation of the body 61 in the above directions is stopped.
  • the diameter A is 25 mm
  • the area S 1 is 490.6 mm 2
  • the area S 2 is 2075 mm 2 .
  • the area S 2 conforms to the area of the range surrounded by the circle forming the inner circumferential face of the nut 21 and the external line of the slider body 2 A in the cross section perpendicular to the linear movement direction of the slider body 2 A, and does not include the cross-sectional area of the slide plate 2 E.
  • the guide rail 1 is secured onto a support by bolts with the use of the attachment holes 15 .
  • spacers are secured onto female screw holes 28 formed on the top face of the slider body 2 A, respectively, and then a movement member is secured on the top of both ends in the width direction of the spacers.
  • the slider 2 moves along the guide rail 1 , via the ball screw mechanism (including the nut 21 , the threaded shaft 3 , the balls 4 , the direction changing passage 61 a of the end deflector 6 , and the through hole 24 of the slider body 2 A) and the linear guide mechanism (including the rolling face 12 a of the guide rail 1 , the rolling face 22 a of the slider body 2 A, the rollers 5 , the returning passage 51 of the slider body 2 A, and the direction changing passage of the end cap 2 B).
  • the movement member linearly moves.
  • the single-axis actuator of the present embodiment unlike the case where the ball returning passage is formed with the use of a circulating tube, since the end deflectors 6 are not provided on the top face or the bottom face of the slider 2 , the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider 2 can be made smaller. In addition, the whole length in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the spiral groove of the nut 21 is used for the raceway of the balls 4 of the ball screw mechanism.
  • the single-axis actuator according to the present embodiment has a smaller cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider 2 than that of a conventional single-axis actuator, when the diameter of the outer circumferential face of the threaded shaft 3 of the single-axis actuator according to the present embodiment is same as that of the conventional single-axis actuator, and the single-axis actuator according to the present embodiment has a larger load capacity than that of the conventional single-axis actuator, when the size in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider 2 according to the present embodiment is same as that of the conventional single-axis actuator.
  • the alignment performance is superior and the force generated by applying the prying force is also small.
  • the rolling face 22 a of the rollers 5 and the spiral groove of the nut 21 i.e., the ball rolling groove of the ball screw
  • the contact angle is set to 45 degrees, so that the vertical and horizontal loads can be received in a balanced manner.
  • the height of the center of the double-row rolling passage i.e., the line LC
  • the height of the center of the threaded shaft 3 i.e., the line L
  • the vertical size of the slider body 2 A can be made smaller than the case where the through hole 24 is arranged out of the range B.
  • the distance between the top face of the slider body 2 A and the rolling face 22 a of the linear guide mechanism can be made shorter.
  • it is possible to configure the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body to be laterally long such that the horizontal size (i.e., in the width direction) of the cross-sectional shape can be made larger than the vertical size thereof.
  • the single-axis actuator of the present embodiment when the through hole 24 is arranged within the range B, the vertical size of the slider body 2 A is formed smaller than the case where the through hole 24 is arranged out of the range B. Therefore, the rigidity of the linear guide mechanism is improved.
  • the direction in which the end deflector 6 scoops the balls is not parallel or perpendicular to the top face D of the slider body 2 A.
  • the direction in which the end deflector 6 scoops the balls i.e., the line L 4
  • the direction in which the end deflector 6 scoops the balls is parallel to the top face D of the slider body 2 A.
  • the single-axis actuator according to a second embodiment has the same configuration as that of the single-axis actuator according to the first embodiment except that the rolling elements of the linear guide mechanism are different.
  • balls 7 are provided for the rolling elements, so that the inner faces of the side parts 12 have rolling grooves (rolling faces) 12 b for the balls 7 and the slider body 2 A has rolling grooves 22 b (rolling faces), respectively.
  • the slider body 2 A has through holes 29 extending in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft, as the returning passage for the balls 7 .
  • the linear guide mechanism of the single-axis actuator encompasses the rolling grooves 12 b of the guide rail 1 , the rolling grooves 22 b of the slider body 2 A, the balls 7 , the returning passages 29 of the slider body 2 A, and the direction changing passages of the end caps 2 B.
  • the other configurations are same as those of the single-axis actuator of FIG. 1 .
  • the diameter A is 25 mm
  • the area S 1 is 490.6 mm 2
  • the area S 2 is 2117 mm 2 .
  • the area S 2 conforms to the area of the range surrounded by the circle forming the inner circumferential face of the nut 21 and the external line of the slider body 2 A, and does not include the cross-sectional area of the slide plate 2 E.
  • the single-axis actuator according to a third embodiment has the same configuration as that of the single-axis actuator according to the first embodiment except that the slider structure is different.
  • FIG. 8 is a front view illustrative of the slider body implementing the single-axis actuator according to the third embodiment
  • FIG. 9 is a back view illustrative of the slider body. That is, FIG. 8 is a view illustrative of one end face in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body, and FIG. 9 is a view illustrative of the other end face in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slide body.
  • FIG. 10 is a view illustrative of a cross section of one end in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body, and corresponds to the cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 8 .
  • FIG. 11 is a view illustrative of a cross section of the other end in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body, and corresponds to the cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 9 .
  • the direction in which the end deflector scoops the balls is perpendicular to the top face D of the slider body 20 A.
  • the direction in which the end deflector scoops the balls is parallel to the top face D of the slider body 20 A.
  • the other end in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body 20 A is a non-nut part 23 in which the female screw (spiral groove) 21 is not formed, whereas the remaining part corresponds to a nut part in which the female screw 21 is formed. That is, according to the third embodiment, the non-nut part 23 does not exist at one end in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body 20 A.
  • the inner diameter of the non-nut part 23 is larger than the circle forming the groove bottom of the spiral groove formed on the nut part 21 .
  • the single-axis actuator according to the third embodiment has the end deflectors 6 same with that of the first embodiment, and spacers 8 as illustrated in FIG. 12A to FIG. 12C .
  • the spacer 8 includes: a body 81 conforming to the body 61 of the end deflector 6 ; and a projection 82 conforming to the fixed piece 62 of the end deflector 6 .
  • the front shape of the spacer 8 is same with that of the end deflector 6 except that the tongue 61 b is not provided.
  • the size in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft is slightly larger than the size in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the non-nut part 23 .
  • one end face in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body 20 A has a notch part (i.e., a circulating part depression) 26 , into which the body 61 of the end deflector 6 is fit.
  • the depression 27 into which the fixed piece 62 of the end deflector 6 is fit, is provided adjacent to the notch part 26 in a circumferential direction of the nut part 21 .
  • the other end in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body 20 A has a notch part (i.e., a circulating part depression) 26 , into which the body 61 of the end deflector 6 is fit, at a boundary with the non-nut part 23 on inner circumferential face of the nut part 21 .
  • the depression 27 into which the fixed piece 62 of the end deflector 6 is fit, is provided circumferentially adjacent to the notch part 26 of the nut part 21 .
  • the inner circumferential face of the non-nut part 23 has spacer depressions 26 a and 27 a continuous with the notch part 26 and the depression 27 , respectively, in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft.
  • the slider body 20 A is different in the above-described configurations from the slider body 2 A implementing the single-axis actuator according to the first embodiment, but is same as the slider body 2 A in the other configurations.
  • the body 61 of the end deflector 6 is fit into the notch part 26 at one end in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body 20 A in the same manner as the first embodiment, and in addition, the fixed piece 62 is fit into the depression 27 so as to secure the end deflector 6 onto the end in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the nut 21 of the slider body 2 A.
  • the direction changing passage 61 a of the body 61 of the end deflector 6 is connected to the through hole 24 of the slider body 20 A. Further, by fitting the fixed piece 62 into the depression 27 , the end deflector 6 is restricted in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body 20 A and in the radial and circumferential directions of the nut 21 , and the rotation of the body 61 is stopped in the above directions.
  • the end cap 2 B, the lubricant supplying member 2 C, and the side seal 2 D are arranged at one end in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body 20 A, so as to be integrally secured by bolts onto one end face in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body 20 A. Therefore, the female thread is formed on one end face in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body 20 A, but is omitted in FIG. 8 .
  • FIG. 13A is a cross-sectional view illustrative of the other end in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body, before the end deflector and the spacer are arranged.
  • FIG. 13B is a cross-sectional view illustrative of the other end in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft, after the end deflector and the spacer are arranged.
  • FIG. 13C is a view illustrative of a state where the end cap and the like are secured on the outer side of the other end in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body.
  • the body 61 is inserted into the spacer depression 26 a of the non-nut part 23 from the other end face in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body 20 A, and the end deflector 6 is moved to the nut part 21 in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body 20 A with the fixed piece 62 being inserted into the spacer depression 27 a.
  • the body 61 and the fixed piece 62 of the end deflector 6 are fit into the notch part 26 and the depression 27 of the nut part 21 , respectively.
  • FIG. 13B illustrates the above state.
  • the spacer 8 protrudes from the other end face in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body 20 A by a dimension a.
  • the direction changing passage 61 a of the body 61 of the end deflector 6 is connected to the through hole 24 of the slider body 20 A. Further, by fitting the fixed piece 62 into the depression 27 , the end deflector 6 is restricted in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body 20 A and in the radial and circumferential directions of the nut part 21 , and the rotation of the body 61 is stopped in the above directions.
  • the end cap 2 B, the lubricant supplying member 2 C, and the side seal 2 D are arranged on the other end in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body 20 A, so as to be integrally secured by bolts onto the other end face in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body 20 A. Therefore, the female thread is formed on the other end face in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body 20 A, but is omitted in FIG. 9 and FIG. 13A to FIG. 13C .
  • FIG. 13C illustrated the above state.
  • the spacer 8 is arranged in a shrinking state by elastic deformation between the end deflector 6 and the end cap 2 B. That is, the spacer 8 is elastically deformable more easily than the end deflector 6 and the end cap 2 B, and is made of a material elastically deformable by the dimension a or more.
  • the state of securing the end deflectors 6 in the slider body 20 A at proper positions is maintained by the spacers 8 and the end cap 2 B. Furthermore, the direction changing passage of the linear guide mechanism can be held at a proper position by the end cap 2 B.
  • the spacer 8 is used as a member for preventing the end deflector 6 from being dropped out to the non-nut part 23 in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft. Moreover, the spacer 8 having the shape conforming to the end deflector 6 is used, and the spacer depressions 26 a and 27 a continuous with the depressions 26 and 27 into which the end deflector 6 is fit, respectively, are provided.
  • the single-axis actuator of the third embodiment the work of attaching the end deflector 6 is facilitated and the confirmation work of the attachment state is eliminated. Additionally, since the diameter in the whole longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the non-nut part 23 need not be enlarged, the mechanical strength of the slider body 20 A is ensured.
  • the spacers may take any other shape than the shape conforming to the circulating part, as far as the size of the spacer in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft conforms to the non-nut part.
  • the size of the non-nut part in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft is long, however, the work of assembling the end deflectors is facilitated in arranging the spacer depression continuous with the circulating part depression by use of the spacer having a shape conforming to the circulating part. Therefore, the confirmation work of confirming the attached state can be eliminated and is preferable.
  • the spacer may have a coil spring elastically deformable in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft.
  • the spacer may be made of a solid lubricant or lubricant supplier, so that the lubricant may be supplied to the raceway of the ball screw mechanism from the spacer.
  • the size in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the spacer 8 is configured to be the size of the non-nut part 23 of the slider body 20 A in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft+ ⁇ (i.e., elastically deformed size of the spacer 8 ).
  • the spacer for the slider body having an integral multiple of a reference value of size of the non-nut part in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft however, multiple spacers for the slider body having the reference value that is the size of the non-nut part in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft can be used. With this configuration, it is possible to reduce the cost more than the case where different spacers are provided for every size of the non-nut part in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft.
  • the non-nut part 23 is provided only at the other end in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft of the slider body 20 A.
  • the present invention is applicable to the case where the non-nut parts are provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the threaded shaft.
  • the single-axis actuator having one slider has been described.
  • the present invention is applicable to the single-axis actuator having two or more sliders.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
US14/347,835 2012-03-22 2013-03-19 Single-Axis Actuator Abandoned US20150040701A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2012066339 2012-03-22
JP2012-066339 2012-03-22
PCT/JP2013/001867 WO2013140788A1 (fr) 2012-03-22 2013-03-19 Actionneur à axe unique

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PCT/JP2013/001867 A-371-Of-International WO2013140788A1 (fr) 2012-03-22 2013-03-19 Actionneur à axe unique

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US14/996,944 Division US20160131233A1 (en) 2012-03-22 2016-01-15 Single-Axis Actuator
US14/996,992 Division US9657821B2 (en) 2012-03-22 2016-01-15 Single-axis actuator

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US20150040701A1 true US20150040701A1 (en) 2015-02-12

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US14/347,835 Abandoned US20150040701A1 (en) 2012-03-22 2013-03-19 Single-Axis Actuator
US14/996,944 Abandoned US20160131233A1 (en) 2012-03-22 2016-01-15 Single-Axis Actuator
US14/996,992 Active US9657821B2 (en) 2012-03-22 2016-01-15 Single-axis actuator

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US14/996,944 Abandoned US20160131233A1 (en) 2012-03-22 2016-01-15 Single-Axis Actuator
US14/996,992 Active US9657821B2 (en) 2012-03-22 2016-01-15 Single-axis actuator

Country Status (7)

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US (3) US20150040701A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2829769B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5733469B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101553184B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN103765047B (fr)
TW (1) TWI518258B (fr)
WO (1) WO2013140788A1 (fr)

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US20150239493A1 (en) * 2014-02-26 2015-08-27 Showa Corporation Ball screw and steering apparatus
US20160084360A1 (en) * 2013-04-24 2016-03-24 Sonceboz Sa Electric actuator with threaded rod
US20180274642A1 (en) * 2017-01-19 2018-09-27 Hiwin Mikrosystem Corp. Linear Actuator
US20190134993A1 (en) * 2017-09-22 2019-05-09 Xerox Corporation System and method for producing an image on an article
US11157024B2 (en) * 2018-12-13 2021-10-26 Guangdong University Of Technology Rigid-flexible coupling motion platform driven by ball screw and control method thereof
US11384819B2 (en) * 2017-08-16 2022-07-12 Ewellix AB Linear module

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WO2015064444A1 (fr) * 2013-11-01 2015-05-07 日本精工株式会社 Actionneur uniaxe
TWI567410B (zh) * 2015-11-06 2017-01-21 Gravity torsional shear drive sleeve structure
TWI668378B (zh) * 2018-04-23 2019-08-11 直得科技股份有限公司 微型線性滑軌及其滑座
TWI655379B (zh) * 2018-07-05 2019-04-01 東佑達自動化科技股份有限公司 電動缸
TWI655378B (zh) * 2018-07-09 2019-04-01 東佑達自動化科技股份有限公司 致動器及其線材固定結構
CN109372965A (zh) * 2018-11-13 2019-02-22 宁波莱盟机器人有限公司 单轴驱动器
TWI692388B (zh) * 2019-05-10 2020-05-01 東佑達自動化科技股份有限公司 夾具裝置
CN113236726B (zh) * 2021-05-08 2022-04-08 丽水市杰祥科技有限公司 一种线性模组及其使用方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160084360A1 (en) * 2013-04-24 2016-03-24 Sonceboz Sa Electric actuator with threaded rod
US10502293B2 (en) * 2013-04-24 2019-12-10 Sonceboz Sa Electric actuator with threaded rod
US20150239493A1 (en) * 2014-02-26 2015-08-27 Showa Corporation Ball screw and steering apparatus
US20180274642A1 (en) * 2017-01-19 2018-09-27 Hiwin Mikrosystem Corp. Linear Actuator
US10443695B2 (en) * 2017-01-19 2019-10-15 Hiwin Mikrosystem Corp. Linear actuator
US11384819B2 (en) * 2017-08-16 2022-07-12 Ewellix AB Linear module
US20190134993A1 (en) * 2017-09-22 2019-05-09 Xerox Corporation System and method for producing an image on an article
US10710377B2 (en) * 2017-09-22 2020-07-14 Xerox Corporation System and method for producing an image on an article
US11157024B2 (en) * 2018-12-13 2021-10-26 Guangdong University Of Technology Rigid-flexible coupling motion platform driven by ball screw and control method thereof

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EP2829769A1 (fr) 2015-01-28
WO2013140788A1 (fr) 2013-09-26
KR101553184B1 (ko) 2015-09-14
TW201405023A (zh) 2014-02-01
JPWO2013140788A1 (ja) 2015-08-03
KR20140038556A (ko) 2014-03-28
TWI518258B (zh) 2016-01-21
EP2829769B1 (fr) 2018-05-23
US20160131234A1 (en) 2016-05-12
JP5733469B2 (ja) 2015-06-10
CN103765047A (zh) 2014-04-30
US20160131233A1 (en) 2016-05-12
CN103765047B (zh) 2016-06-29
US9657821B2 (en) 2017-05-23
EP2829769A4 (fr) 2016-10-05

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