US20120273431A1 - Zero valent iron/iron oxide mineral/ferrous iron composite for treatment of a contaminate fluid - Google Patents

Zero valent iron/iron oxide mineral/ferrous iron composite for treatment of a contaminate fluid Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20120273431A1
US20120273431A1 US13/509,963 US201013509963A US2012273431A1 US 20120273431 A1 US20120273431 A1 US 20120273431A1 US 201013509963 A US201013509963 A US 201013509963A US 2012273431 A1 US2012273431 A1 US 2012273431A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
iron
treatment system
reactive
zone
wastewater
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/509,963
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Yongheng Huang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Texas A&M University System
Original Assignee
Texas A&M University System
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Texas A&M University System filed Critical Texas A&M University System
Priority to US13/509,963 priority Critical patent/US20120273431A1/en
Assigned to THE TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY SYSTEM reassignment THE TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY SYSTEM ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HUANG, YONGHENG
Publication of US20120273431A1 publication Critical patent/US20120273431A1/en
Priority to US14/836,790 priority patent/US10329179B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/70—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by reduction
    • C02F1/705—Reduction by metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
    • B01J20/0225—Compounds of Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt
    • B01J20/0229—Compounds of Fe
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/3085—Chemical treatments not covered by groups B01J20/3007 - B01J20/3078
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/74—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/103—Arsenic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/106—Selenium compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/108—Boron compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/12—Halogens or halogen-containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • C02F2101/163—Nitrates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
    • C02F2101/203—Iron or iron compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
    • C02F2101/22—Chromium or chromium compounds, e.g. chromates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/36—Organic compounds containing halogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/06—Contaminated groundwater or leachate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/18—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the purification of gaseous effluents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/34—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32
    • C02F2103/36—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32 from the manufacture of organic compounds
    • C02F2103/365—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32 from the manufacture of organic compounds from petrochemical industry (e.g. refineries)
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
    • Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy

Definitions

  • Wastewater treatment is one of the most important and challenging environmental problems associated with coal-based power generation.
  • wet scrubbers to clean flue gas is becoming more popular worldwide in the electrical power industry. In the coming years, hundreds of wet scrubbers will be installed in the US alone. While wet scrubbers can greatly reduce air pollution, toxic metals in the resulting wastewater present a major environmental problem. The industry prepares to invest billions of dollars in the next decade to meet more the ever more stringent environmental regulations; unfortunately, a cost-effective and reliable technology capable of treating such complicated wastewater is still not available.
  • compositions of FGD wastewaters vary greatly, depending not only on the types of coal and limestone used but also on the types of scrubber and processes used. Pretreatment method and management practices also affect wastewater characteristics. According to a recent survey by EPR1 (2006), untreated raw FGD wastewater could have TSS in ⁇ 10,000 mg/L but after settlement, it falls to ⁇ 10 mg/L; the pH typically falls in 5.8-7.3; sulfate is in the range of 1,000-6,000 mg/L; nitrate-N at level of 50 mg/L is not uncommon; chloride, alkalinity and acidity vary from hundreds to thousands ppm; selenium exists in various forms, ranging from dozens of ppb to over 5 ppm, among which, selenate could account for about half of total Se; arsenic ranges from a few ppb to hundreds of ppb; mercury ranges from below 1 ppb to dozens of ppb; and boron can be as high as hundreds of ppm.
  • Se selanate-Se
  • Se is a naturally occurring chemical element in rocks, soils and natural waters.
  • Se is an essential micronutrient for plants and animals, it can be toxic at elevated levels and some of Se species may be carcinogenic.
  • the hexavalent selenium is stable in oxic environments and exists as the selenate (SeO 4 2 ⁇ ) anion, which is weakly sorbed by mineral materials and generally soluble.
  • Tetravalent Se is the stable valence state under mildly reducing or anoxic condition (0.26 V ⁇ Eh ⁇ 0.55 V at pH 7).
  • a biological treatment system ABMet
  • ABMet A biological treatment system, ABMet, has been patented and is being marketed by GE Water.
  • the present inventor has developed a chemical treatment process that can cost-effectively treat all major pollutants in the flue gas desulfurization (FGD) wastewater in a single process.
  • FGD flue gas desulfurization
  • the present inventor developed a fluidized reacting system using a hybrid reactive solid/secondary reagent reactor that can cost-effectively remove many toxic metals from wastewater.
  • the system and process are effective to treat an aqueous suspension.
  • the system uses a reactive solid and a secondary reagent as reactive agents to rapidly reduce selenate to become insoluble selenium species, which are then adsorbed or precipitated along with various of other toxic metals (such as As and Hg, if present) in wastewater onto the iron oxide sludge.
  • the system is particularly effective for removing selenate-Se.
  • the present process is effective for removing almost all concern toxic metals in an aqueous suspension; in addition, it can remove oxyanion pollutants and metalloids. More particularly, contaminants removable by the present system and process are: most toxic metals such as arsenic, mercury, selenium, cobalt, lead, cadmium, chromium, silver, zinc, nickel, molybdenum, and the like; metalloid pollutants such as boron and the like; many oxyanion pollutants, such as nitrate, bromate, iodate, and periodate, and the like; and the like.
  • the present system and process use common, non-toxic, and inexpensive chemicals.
  • the present chemical treatment system costs much less to construct and operate than biological treatment systems, which tend to be more complex.
  • the present system and process are versatile and flexible.
  • the present system and process are more robust and manageable than a biological process when exposed to toxic chemicals or any disturbances and changes in wastewater quality and quantity.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustrating a single-stage fluidized bed reactor
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating a three-stage reaction system
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic illustrating a single-stage fluidized bed ZVI/FeOx/Fe(II);
  • FIGS. 4A , 4 B are pictures illustrating a bench scale single-stage reactor
  • FIGS. 5A , 5 B are pictures illustrating an alternative bench scale single-stage reactor
  • FIGS. 6A. 6B , 6 C are pictures illustrating a bench scale three-stage ZVI/FeOx/Fe(II) fluidized-bed reactor system.
  • FIG. 7 shows three panels of pictures illustrating settling of a mixture of Fe 0 and magnetite powder rich of surface bound Fe(II); pictures taken after settling for 1 min (left panel), 3 min (middle), and 6 min (right).
  • the present inventors have discovered a novel system for treating wastewater. Experiments have demonstrated the system operable for removal of selenium present as selenate.
  • a reactor system includes zero valent iron.
  • ferrous iron is added to a reactor system.
  • the present inventor believes that ferrous iron acts as a passivation reversal agent for zero valent iron.
  • the mechanism is complex. While not wishing to be limited by theory, the present inventor believes that passivation is partially caused by corrosion of iron in a water environment.
  • the present inventor believes that ferrous iron acts to cause conversion of iron corrosion product on the surface of the zero valent iron to magnetite.
  • a sufficient amount of magnetite is produced so as to optimize removal of toxic materials by a reaction system including zero valent iron.
  • the process produces removable solids.
  • the removable solids contain toxic material encapsulated in magnetite.
  • the encapsulated toxic material is solid.
  • the process uses a highly reactive mixture of zerovalent iron (Fe 0 ), iron oxide minerals (FeOx), and ferrous iron (Fe II ) to react with, absorb, and precipitate various toxic metals and metalloids from wastewater, forming chemically inert and well crystallized magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) particles that can be separated from water and disposed with encapsulated pollutants.
  • Fe 0 zerovalent iron
  • FeOx iron oxide minerals
  • Fe II ferrous iron
  • the reactive zone is maintained near neutral pH.
  • the present inventor believes that boron in the wastewater further contributes to passivation and that ferrous iron removes boron form the zero valent iron.
  • wastewater is illustrative of an aqueous suspension.
  • the present inventor contemplates treating oil refinery waste. Further, the present inventor contemplates treating wetlands.
  • selenium is illustrative of a toxic material.
  • Other common toxic materials are contemplated.
  • the present inventor contemplates removing arsenic, mercury, cobalt, lead, cadmium, chromium, silver, zinc, nickel, molybdenum, and the like; metalloid pollutants such as boron and the like; many oxyanion pollutants, such as nitrate, bromate, iodate, and periodate, and the like; and the like.
  • ferrous iron is illustrative of a secondary reagent.
  • the secondary reagent is desirable adapted to act as a passivation reversal agent.
  • Passivation is generally the process of rendering an active material, for example zero valent zinc, inactive.
  • Aluminum ion, Al 3+ may substitute for (e.g. added as aluminum sulfate) for ferrous iron.
  • iron is illustrative of a reactive solid. The present inventor believes that iron is particularly practical. However, the present inventor contemplates other treatment materials.
  • the treatment material is zinc.
  • a reactive system may include the treatment material in zero valent form.
  • the reactive system further includes a passivation reversal agent suitable for the zero valent form as may be advantageous.
  • a reactor includes an internal settling zone in communication with a reactive zone.
  • the reactor is illustrated in schematic in FIG. 1 .
  • the internal settling zone uses gravitational forces to separate solids from liquids. According to some embodiments, mostly liquids remain in the settling zone.
  • the internal settling zone is towards the top of the reactor ( FIG. 1 ).
  • communication with the reactive zone is via an inlet at the bottom of the internal settling zone.
  • effluent is removed from the top region of the internal settling zone.
  • the effluent is very clear. Magnetite is known to be black. Settling observed in an experiment over time is illustrated in FIG. 3 of the document “pilot test scale plan” appended hereto, which shows clearer separation of black material and clear fluid over time. The present inventor believes that settling for a separating method is particularly efficient. However, other suitable separating methods are contemplated.
  • a reactive zone includes a central conduit.
  • the central conduit improves mixing.
  • the central conduit promotes convective motion.
  • the reactor system operates as a fluidized bed that employs a motorized stirrer in conjunction with a central flow conduit to create a circular flow within the reactor and provide an adequate mixing between reactive solids and wastewater.
  • An internal settling zone was created to allow solid-liquid separation and return of the solid into the fluidized zone.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustrating an embodiment of the system and process.
  • a single-stage fluidized-bed system includes a fluidized reactive zone, an internal solid/liquid separating zone, an aerating basin, a final settling basin, and an optional sand filtration bed.
  • the fluidized zone is the main reactive space where reactive solid, in the form of particles, is completely mixed with wastewater and secondary reagent and where various physical-chemical processes responsible for toxic metal removal occur.
  • the internal settling zone is to allow particles to separate from water and be retained in the fluidized zone.
  • an internal settling zone with a short hydraulic retention time is sufficient for complete solid/liquid separation. This eliminates the need of a large external clarifier and a sludge recycling system.
  • the aeration basin has two purposes: (1) to eliminate residual secondary reagent in the effluent from fluidized zone; and (2) to increase dissolved oxygen level.
  • effluent from fluidized reactive zone will always contain certain amount of secondary reagent. Oxidation of secondary reagent will consume alkalinity and therefore will lower the pH.
  • the aeration basin should maintain a pH of above 7.0. Chemicals such as Ca(OH) 2 , NaOH and Na 2 CO 3 could be used for pH control.
  • the final settling tank is to remove flocculent formed in the aeration basin.
  • the floc (fluffy) settled to the bottom can be returned to the fluidized zone and transformed by secondary reagent into dense particulate matter.
  • a sand filtration bed may be used to further polish the treated water before discharge.
  • the post-FBR (fluidized bed reactor) stages may not be needed under certain operation conditions.
  • each stage maintain its own reactive solid. That is, the solids are separated in each stage.
  • each stage may have its own internal solid-liquid separation structure.
  • the post FBR treatments may not be needed.
  • a multi-stage system is more complex and may result in a higher initial construction cost
  • a multi-stage fluidized-bed reactor system has several major advantages.
  • a multi-stage system can achieve higher removal efficiency than a single-stage system under comparable conditions.
  • the FGD wastewater may contain certain chemicals (i.e., phosphate) that may be detrimental to the high reactivity of the reactive solids.
  • a multi-stage system can intercept and transform these harmful chemicals in the first stage and thus reducing the exposure of the subsequent stages to the negative impact of these chemicals. As such, a multi-stage configuration is more stable and robust.
  • a multi-stage configuration facilitates the control of nitrate reduction, for example in an iron-based system.
  • stage 1 can remove virtually all dissolved oxygen; as a result, the subsequent stages can be operated under rigorous anaerobic environment.
  • a multi-stage system allows flexible control of different chemical conditions in each individual reacting basin.
  • the chemical conditions in each reactive basin can be controlled by adjusting the pumping rate of supplemental chemicals and turning aeration on or off.
  • a multi-stage system can be operated in a mode of multiple feeding points. Each stage may be operated under different pH and dissolved oxygen condition.
  • a multi-stage system will lower chemical consumption.
  • secondary reagent in the reactor are desirably maintained at a relatively high concentration in order to maintain high reactivity of reactive solids.
  • the residual secondary reagent in the effluent will be high.
  • residual secondary reagent from stage 1 can still be used in stage 2.
  • secondary reagent can be added in a way that conforms to its actual consumption rate in each stage. As a result, it is possible to control residual secondary reagent in the effluent in the final stage to be much lower than the one in a single stage system.
  • the reactive solid includes zero valent iron (ZVI) and iron oxide mineral (FeOx), and the secondary reagent is Fe 2+ .
  • ZVI zero valent iron
  • FeOx iron oxide mineral
  • a single-stage fluidized-bed ZVI/FeOx/Fe(II) system includes a fluidized reactive zone, an internal solid/liquid separating zone, an aerating basin, a final settling basin, and an optional sand filtration bed.
  • the fluidized zone is the main reactive space where ZVI and FeOx reactive solids are completely mixed with wastewater and dissolved Fe 2+ and where various physical-chemical processes responsible for toxic metal removal occur.
  • the internal settling zone is to allow ZVI and FeOx to separate from water and be retained in the fluidized zone. Because of high density of fully or partially crystallized FeOx particles, an internal settling zone with a short hydraulic retention time would be suffice for complete solid/liquid separation. This eliminates the need of a large external clarifier and a sludge recycling system.
  • the aeration basin has two purposes: (1) to eliminate residual dissolved Fe 2+ in the effluent from fluidized zone; and (2) to increase dissolved oxygen level.
  • effluent from fluidized reactive zone will always contain certain amount of dissolved Fe 2+ . Oxidation of Fe 2+ will consume alkalinity and therefore will lower the pH.
  • the aeration basin should maintain a pH of above 7.0. Chemicals such as Ca(OH) 2 , NaOH and Na 2 CO 3 could be used for pH control.
  • the final settling tank is to remove iron oxide flocculent formed in the aeration basin.
  • the ferric oxide floc (fluffy) settled to the bottom can be returned to the fluidized zone and transformed by Fe 2+ into dense particulate matter.
  • a sand filtration bed may be used to further polish the treated water before discharge.
  • the reactive solid may initially be zero valent iron, with the iron oxide mineral formed in situ.
  • the iron oxide mineral may coat the zero valent iron.
  • the system can be operated under various controlled conditions as needed.
  • an iron-based technique employs a mixture of zerovalent iron (ZVI or Fe 0 ) and iron oxide minerals (FeOx), and Fe(II) species to react with, adsorb, precipitate, and remove various toxic metals, metalloids and other pollutants from the contaminated wastewater.
  • an iron-based physical-chemical treatment process that employs a hybrid Zerovalent Iron/FeOx/Fe(II) Reactor to treat toxic metal-contaminated wastewater.
  • the present system and process involve a hybrid Zerovalent Iron/FeOx/Fe(II) reactor for removing toxic metals in wastewater.
  • the process employs a fluidized bed system and use a reactive mixture of Fe 0 , Fe (II) and FeOx to absorb, precipitate, and react with various toxic metals, metalloids and other pollutants for wastewater decontamination.
  • toxic metals are encapsulated within iron oxide crystalline (mainly magnetite powder) that are chemically inert and physically dense for easier solid-liquid separation and final disposal.
  • the present inventor believes that the following are contributing mechanisms for the present iron based system and process: a) using the reducing power of Fe 0 and Fe(II) to reduce various contaminants in oxidized forms to become insoluble or non-toxic species; b) using high adsorption capacity of iron oxide surface for metals to remove various dissolved toxic metal species from wastewater; and c) promoting mineralization of iron oxides and growth of certain iron oxide crystalline so that surface-adsorbed or precipitated toxic metals and other pollutants could be incorporated into iron oxide crystalline structure and remain encapsulated in a stabilized form for final disposal.
  • the present system and process are a result of laboratory research conducted by the present inventor to develop a cost-effective method for removing toxic metals in the flue gas desulfurization wastewater generated from wet scrubbers of coal-fired steam electric power plants.
  • this chemical reactive system is suitable for general application of removing a wide spectrum of toxic metals in industrial wastewater, tail water of mining operations, and contaminated groundwater.
  • a single stage may achieve 90% selenate removal within 4 hr reaction time.
  • a three-stage system in comparison, may achieve a 96% removal rate.
  • Reactor#1 has an internal settling zone (the compartment on the left side) in which it allows reactive solid to separate from the water and be retained within the fluidized zone.
  • Reactor#2 (not shown) is identical to Reactor#1.
  • Reactor#1 and #2 both had an operating capacity of 7.2 L and had an internal settling zone (0.5 L) within the reactors ( FIGS. 4A and 4B ).
  • Reactor#3 is an integral system that has an internal settling zone (far left), an aeration basin (near left), and a second settling basin (right) within the reactor.
  • Reactor#3 had an operating capacity of 10 L. It had a built-in aeration basin (0.6 L) and a built-in final settling basin ( FIGS. 5A and 5B ).
  • Peristaltic pumps Masterflex pumps, Cole-Parmer, Illinois
  • a small aquarium air pump (purchased from Wal-Mart) as used to provide aeration.
  • a motorized stirrer (max. 27 watt, adjustable rpm 100-2000, three-blade propeller stirrer) was used to provided mixing condition.
  • Zerovalent iron powder used in the tests was obtained from Hepure Technology Inc., including I-1200+ and HCl5 (see Batch Test results for more details).
  • Other reagents used in the operation include HCl, FeCl 2 , and NaOH.
  • a magnetite coating on a ZVI particle is helpful to the success of the system.
  • Appropriate aqueous chemical conditions must be maintained for the purpose. Iron corrosion could produce various iron oxides under different chemical conditions.
  • Our batch and continuous flow reactor tests show that in order to generate magnetite from iron corrosion reaction, three conditions must be met: a pH of 6.5 to 7.5; adequate dissolved Fe 2+ that can form s.b.Fe(II); and appropriate species and concentration of oxidants.
  • Oxidants can be certain oxyanions such as selenate, nitrate, nitrite, iodate (IO 3 ⁇ ) and periodate (IO 4 ⁇ ) in the wastewater.
  • Oxidation of ZVI by these oxidants tends to form ferric oxides (most likely lepidocrocite, ⁇ -FeOOH).
  • the small quantity of ferric oxides can be transformed to magnetite in the presence of surface-adsorbed Fe(II).
  • Dissolved oxygen can also serve as an oxidant to generate magnetite (Huang et al. 2006).
  • Low-intensity aeration in the early stage could accelerate the magnetite-coating process.
  • High-intensity aeration should be avoided because it could form large quantity of ferric oxides even in the presence of dissolved Fe 2+ and moreover, it will waste ZVI.
  • Our experiences from live successful start-ups using simulated FGD wastewater indicates that in general the system will take about one to two weeks for the fresh ZVI to mature; over time, the system will gradually improve before reaching a state of high performance.
  • Nitrate would be completely reduced and in the presence of adequate dissolved Fe 2+ , a high quality (better crystallized and less amorphous, containing less ferric oxides or ferrous hydroxides) magnetite coating can be formed on ZVI particles.
  • start-up with nitrate solution would take only two days.
  • a general start up procedure and exemplary controlled parameters are:
  • Routine operations and maintenances include one or more of:
  • a pre-settling basin may be needed to reduce TSS in wastewater before entering the system. This can avoid accumulation of inert TSS in the fluidized reactive zone that might dilute the effective ZVI/FeOx solid concentration.
  • the concentration of total solid in the fluidized zone could be maintained between 80 and 120 g/L.
  • ZVI/FeOx reactive solids are considered mature when the surface of ZVI grains is covered with well crystallized magnetite (dark black color after dry) and a significant presence of discrete magnetite crystalline (may be aggregated into a larger particle due to its strong magnetic property). Unlike typical ZVI powder, matured ZVI/FeOx reactive solids will not cement easily when settled at the bottle. Therefore, the reactor could be stopped for weeks with no risk of iron powder cementation. That is, the reactor can be stopped and restarted very flexibly without a need to vacate the ZVI/FeOx mixture from the reactor.
  • Nitrate solution was also found to be very effective in rejuvenating a fouled system in which the system was accidentally acidified (pH dropped to below 4.0) for a few hours, which might permanently damage iron oxide reactivity and resulted in extremely poor performance even after returning to normal operation conditions.
  • Reactor#1, #2, and #3 was combined in sequence to form a three-stage FBRs treatment system.
  • This system was a 24-liter three-stage ZVI/FeOx/Fe(II) fluidized-bed reactor system. Initial testing on the three-stage system is described in Appendix A and Appendix D.
  • the success of the laboratory-scale prototype has paved the road for constructing a pilot-scale system and conducting extended field demonstrations to further evaluate, develop and refine the technology.
  • the present inventor contemplates a pilot-scale treatment system based on a proved laboratory-scale prototype and conduct long-term field tests to further develop the technique and finalize its design for commercialization.
  • the pilot scale test may involve one or more steps, such as: design and construct a pilot treatment system based on the laboratory prototype; conduct on-site long-term demonstrations in conjunction with further laboratory mechanistic study; collaborated closely with industry and other stakeholders to further refine the system to meet the industrial needs and environmental goals. Contemplated pilot scale tests are further described in Appendix D.
  • the present inventor contemplates an integral treatment system that can treat FGD wastewater at a flow rate of 2 to 5 gallon per minute, which represents about 1% of wastewater expected from a 1,000 megawatt power plant.
  • the pilot system may be mounted on a trailer that is adapted to be hauled to different test sites.
  • the present inventor estimates that for treating a 500 gpm FGD waste stream from a 1,000 megawatt, a iron-based system will consume per year: 200 to 400 ton of iron chemical (est. bulk price: $1,000 to $2,000/ton); 200 to 400 tons of concentrated HCl; 50-200 kilowatt electric power consumption. Further, the present inventor estimates that for treating a 500 gpm FGD waste stream from a 1,000 megawatt, a iron-based system will generate per year: 300 to 800 tons of iron oxide (weight in dry mass; laden with toxic metals), to be disposed as a hazardous waste.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
US13/509,963 2009-09-18 2010-09-20 Zero valent iron/iron oxide mineral/ferrous iron composite for treatment of a contaminate fluid Abandoned US20120273431A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/509,963 US20120273431A1 (en) 2009-09-18 2010-09-20 Zero valent iron/iron oxide mineral/ferrous iron composite for treatment of a contaminate fluid
US14/836,790 US10329179B2 (en) 2009-09-18 2015-08-26 Zero valent iron systems and methods for treatment of contaminated wastewater

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US24387509P 2009-09-18 2009-09-18
US35119410P 2010-06-03 2010-06-03
US35746610P 2010-06-22 2010-06-22
PCT/US2010/049528 WO2011035263A2 (en) 2009-09-18 2010-09-20 Zero valent iron/iron oxide mineral/ferrous iron composite for treatment of a contaminated fluid
US13/509,963 US20120273431A1 (en) 2009-09-18 2010-09-20 Zero valent iron/iron oxide mineral/ferrous iron composite for treatment of a contaminate fluid

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2010/049528 A-371-Of-International WO2011035263A2 (en) 2009-09-18 2010-09-20 Zero valent iron/iron oxide mineral/ferrous iron composite for treatment of a contaminated fluid
US13/071,343 Continuation-In-Part US20110174743A1 (en) 2009-09-18 2011-03-24 Hybrid composites for contaminated fluid treatment

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2010/049528 Continuation-In-Part WO2011035263A2 (en) 2009-09-18 2010-09-20 Zero valent iron/iron oxide mineral/ferrous iron composite for treatment of a contaminated fluid
US14/836,790 Continuation-In-Part US10329179B2 (en) 2009-09-18 2015-08-26 Zero valent iron systems and methods for treatment of contaminated wastewater

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20120273431A1 true US20120273431A1 (en) 2012-11-01

Family

ID=43759312

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/509,963 Abandoned US20120273431A1 (en) 2009-09-18 2010-09-20 Zero valent iron/iron oxide mineral/ferrous iron composite for treatment of a contaminate fluid
US13/071,343 Abandoned US20110174743A1 (en) 2009-09-18 2011-03-24 Hybrid composites for contaminated fluid treatment
US14/836,790 Active US10329179B2 (en) 2009-09-18 2015-08-26 Zero valent iron systems and methods for treatment of contaminated wastewater

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/071,343 Abandoned US20110174743A1 (en) 2009-09-18 2011-03-24 Hybrid composites for contaminated fluid treatment
US14/836,790 Active US10329179B2 (en) 2009-09-18 2015-08-26 Zero valent iron systems and methods for treatment of contaminated wastewater

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (3) US20120273431A1 (pl)
EP (1) EP2512997B1 (pl)
CN (2) CN106517477A (pl)
AU (1) AU2010295313B2 (pl)
CA (1) CA2787032C (pl)
EA (1) EA201290898A1 (pl)
MY (1) MY158781A (pl)
PL (1) PL2512997T3 (pl)
WO (1) WO2011035263A2 (pl)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014168728A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-10-16 Ndsu Research Foundation Calcium-alginate entrapped nanoscale zero-valent iron (nzvi)
WO2015066417A1 (en) * 2013-11-04 2015-05-07 Evoqua Water Technologies Llc Apparatus and methods for a moving bed activated iron process
WO2015103286A1 (en) * 2014-01-03 2015-07-09 Ecolab Usa Inc. Removal of targeted constituents through the use of reductants/oxidants coupled to a magnetic separator
WO2015164316A1 (en) * 2014-04-22 2015-10-29 Evoqua Water Technologies Llc Removal of selenocyanate from refinery sour water stripper wastewater
US9359228B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-06-07 Ndsu Research Foundation Iron-functionalized alginate for phosphate and other contaminant removal and recovery from aqueous solutions
WO2016100908A1 (en) * 2014-12-19 2016-06-23 The Texas A&M University System Activated hybrid zero-valent iron treatment system and methods for generation and use thereof
WO2016100903A3 (en) * 2014-12-19 2016-08-18 The Texas A&M University System Hybrid activated iron-biological water treatment system and method
WO2017070347A1 (en) * 2015-10-21 2017-04-27 The Texas A&M University System Method for removal of recalcitrant selenium species from wastewater
US9718713B2 (en) 2012-02-17 2017-08-01 Brown University Arsenic removal system
US9776891B2 (en) 2013-06-26 2017-10-03 Corning Incorporated Filter and methods for heavy metal remediation of water
CN109796070A (zh) * 2019-01-28 2019-05-24 山东大学 一种硫化/柠檬化协同改性微米零价铁材料及其制备方法与应用
US10307706B2 (en) 2014-04-25 2019-06-04 Ada Carbon Solutions, Llc Sorbent compositions for use in a wet scrubber unit
US10676376B2 (en) 2016-09-29 2020-06-09 Ecolab Usa Inc. Modification of iron-based media for water treatment
US10730034B2 (en) 2017-08-28 2020-08-04 Viviron Technology LLC Iron-selenide-oxide sorbent composition for removing mercury (Hg) vapor from a gaseous stream; methods of use and methods of manufacture

Families Citing this family (75)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10377648B2 (en) 2009-09-18 2019-08-13 The Texas A&M University System Selenium removal using aluminum salt at conditioning and reaction stages to activate zero-valent iron (ZVI) in pironox process
WO2011035263A2 (en) 2009-09-18 2011-03-24 Yongheng Huang Zero valent iron/iron oxide mineral/ferrous iron composite for treatment of a contaminated fluid
ES2557106T3 (es) * 2010-11-02 2016-01-22 Montanuniversität Leoben Retirada continua de contaminantes de fluidos acuosos
KR101358855B1 (ko) * 2011-04-11 2014-02-06 한양대학교 산학협력단 영가철 및 자철석 혼합 촉매를 이용한 오폐수 처리 방법
US20150101967A1 (en) * 2012-10-12 2015-04-16 Bruce Merrill Thomson Anaerobic suspended growth water treatment of contaminated water
US9969639B2 (en) * 2012-10-12 2018-05-15 Bruce Merrill Thomson Anaerobic suspended growth treatment of contaminated water
WO2014144718A1 (en) 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Carus Corporation Sustained release reactant blends
US10183879B2 (en) * 2013-06-14 2019-01-22 Steag Energy Services Gmbh Method for removing mercury and selenium from sulfate-containing waste water
US10011503B2 (en) 2014-07-22 2018-07-03 Corning Incorporated Method for making activated carbon-supported transition metal-based nanoparticles
CN104341055B (zh) * 2013-07-24 2017-02-08 北京师范大学 一种利用零价铁/氧化剂/沸石协同体系去除水中硝酸盐的方法
SG11201700755RA (en) * 2014-07-31 2017-02-27 Eric J Love Sediment filtration device, method and system
WO2016085754A1 (en) * 2014-11-26 2016-06-02 Atlanta Gold Corporation System and method for treating contaminated wastewater
US20160176742A1 (en) * 2014-12-22 2016-06-23 Jeremy S. Starks Natural Effluent Remediation System
US11535537B2 (en) * 2015-01-06 2022-12-27 Ecolab Usa Inc. Process for removal of selenium from water by dithionite ions
CN104827028B (zh) * 2015-04-15 2016-04-20 刘骁勇 复合型纳米零价铁颗粒
WO2017070345A1 (en) * 2015-10-21 2017-04-27 The Texas A & M University System Methods for treating selenocyanate in wastewater
US10640406B2 (en) 2016-05-17 2020-05-05 Texas Tech University System Surface modification of zero valent iron material for enhanced reactivity for degrading chlorinated contaminants in water
CN105936531B (zh) * 2016-06-22 2023-05-02 江苏贞一环保科技股份有限公司 一种诱导结晶沉淀水处理设备
CN106277269B (zh) * 2016-09-20 2020-04-14 绍兴文理学院 黄铁矿与零价铁作为prb活性填料修复污染废水的方法
CN106277274B (zh) * 2016-09-20 2020-04-14 绍兴文理学院 一种利用黄铁矿与零价铁混合处理含重金属离子废水方法
CN106348419B (zh) * 2016-09-20 2020-04-14 绍兴文理学院 天然磁黄铁矿与零价铁作为prb活性填料修复污染废水的方法
CN106242013B (zh) * 2016-09-20 2020-04-14 绍兴文理学院 天然磁黄铁矿与零价铁混合处理含重金属离子废水的方法
EP3318534A1 (en) * 2016-11-07 2018-05-09 Höganäs AB (publ) Iron based media
CN106564964B (zh) * 2016-11-15 2018-06-22 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 一种介孔二硫化亚铁/二氧化硅微球复合固相铁源的制备方法及其应用
CN106365244B (zh) * 2016-11-21 2019-07-19 南京大学 一种悬浊液态含铁复合试剂及其制备方法和高效去除水中硒酸盐的方法
FR3059996B1 (fr) * 2016-12-13 2020-03-20 Suez Rr Iws Remediation France Melange de traitement d'eau polluee au mercure, dispositif de traitement d'eau polluee au mercure utilisant un tel melange et procede de traitement d'eau polluee au mercure au moyen d'un tel dispositif
JP6829436B2 (ja) * 2017-02-10 2021-02-10 株式会社クラレ シリカ含有水の処理方法及びその処理装置
US10995022B2 (en) 2017-03-10 2021-05-04 The Texas A&M University System Mixed aluminum (III) and iron (II) salt solution for enhancing the hybrid zero-valent iron media system reactivity for treating metal-contaminated wastewater
WO2018166417A1 (en) * 2017-03-13 2018-09-20 The University Of Hong Kong Synthesis of a thin insoluble hydroxide shell on the surface of magnetic zero-valent metal nanoparticles for environmental remediation
US20180273410A1 (en) * 2017-03-24 2018-09-27 Gopher Resource, LLC System and method for water treatment
CN107188291B (zh) * 2017-06-05 2020-08-04 华中师范大学 一种液氮低温处理商业铁粉增强其还原去除污染物能力的方法
CN107789787B (zh) * 2017-09-22 2020-06-05 广西壮族自治区环境监测中心站 用于修复含砷废渣的稳定化药剂及使用方法
CN107537310B (zh) * 2017-10-19 2020-12-04 山东大学 一种燃烧过程中减少重金属铬排放的方法
CN107570107B (zh) * 2017-10-25 2019-12-17 中南大学 一种网状多孔结构的复合材料及其制备方法和应用
CN108015270B (zh) * 2017-12-01 2020-01-14 南京大学 一种复合铁粉及其制备方法及应用
CN111712333A (zh) * 2017-12-07 2020-09-25 哥本哈根大学 用于环境修复的包括绿锈和碳的复合物
WO2019126519A1 (en) * 2017-12-21 2019-06-27 Southern Research Institute Continuous monitoring of selenium in water
CN111902209A (zh) * 2018-02-12 2020-11-06 阿里尔科学创新有限公司 用于还原过程的零价铁催化剂
CN108793378B (zh) * 2018-06-17 2021-05-28 湘潭大学 一种含铊尾矿库废水中铊的脱除方法
CN108772418B (zh) * 2018-07-24 2020-05-15 中向旭曜科技有限公司 一种稻田土壤镉砷同步钝化剂及其制备方法与应用
CN108862935A (zh) * 2018-08-10 2018-11-23 浙江奇彩环境科技股份有限公司 炼油化工废水处理方法
US10919784B2 (en) 2018-08-17 2021-02-16 Badwater Alchemy Holdings LLC Iron-based desalination
CN109279701B (zh) * 2018-09-21 2021-10-08 中国海洋大学 一种去除地下水中氯代烃的修复药剂及其制备方法和应用
CN109293064A (zh) * 2018-11-03 2019-02-01 大唐环境产业集团股份有限公司 一体式流化床铁氧微晶体发生器及水处理反应器
CN109292949A (zh) * 2018-11-03 2019-02-01 大唐环境产业集团股份有限公司 流化床铁氧微晶体发生器及水处理反应器
CN109179782B (zh) * 2018-11-03 2023-11-03 大唐环境产业集团股份有限公司 利用活性铁氧微晶体处理脱硫废水的装置及方法
CN109231719B (zh) * 2018-11-14 2024-02-20 哈尔滨泽能环保科技有限公司 一种用于去除污水厂污水中重金属的深度处理系统
CN109824150B (zh) * 2019-03-01 2022-03-15 南京农业大学 一种基于零价铁还原耦合微生物的制备施威特曼石矿物的成套装置
CN110000392A (zh) * 2019-03-21 2019-07-12 浙江工业大学 一种活化球磨零价铁材料的制备方法
CN110104742A (zh) * 2019-04-02 2019-08-09 山东大学 一种结合老化磁化预处理零价铁去除Cr(VI)的方法及分离式连续流反应器
CN109851144B (zh) 2019-04-03 2021-09-28 南京大学 一种磁化粉末强化的硝态氮和无机磷去除方法
RU2731542C1 (ru) * 2019-05-30 2020-09-04 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Ферос" Способ очистки промывных сточных вод от ионов цинка
US11629081B2 (en) * 2019-05-31 2023-04-18 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Water treatment for removing oxidation agents
CN110407308A (zh) * 2019-07-16 2019-11-05 武汉理工大学 一种纳米零价铁协同热活化过硫酸盐降解氯霉素的方法
CN110227229B (zh) * 2019-07-24 2021-03-16 湖南科臣环境科技有限公司 一种脱砷渣复合稳定化药剂及其应用
FR3102475A1 (fr) * 2019-10-23 2021-04-30 IFP Energies Nouvelles Procédé de séparation de polymères dans un fluide aqueux au moyen de particules aimantables et d’un sel trivalent de fer ou d’aluminium
FR3102474A1 (fr) * 2019-10-23 2021-04-30 IFP Energies Nouvelles Procédé de séparation de polymères dans un fluide aqueux au moyen de particules aimantables et d’un sel de zirconium
KR102416159B1 (ko) 2019-12-10 2022-07-01 고려대학교 산학협력단 황이 도핑된 마이크로 영가금속 환원제 및 그 제조방법
CN111233069B (zh) * 2020-01-17 2022-03-11 郑州大学 一种可渗透反应墙活性材料及其制备方法
CN111453875A (zh) * 2020-02-28 2020-07-28 浙江工业大学 四氧化三铁强化零价铁还原水中n-亚硝基二甲胺的水处理方法
CN111410371B (zh) * 2020-04-16 2021-06-01 浙江大学 限氧型内循环生物脱硫反应器及方法
KR102261298B1 (ko) * 2020-06-21 2021-06-07 코코넛필터 주식회사 정수 필터용 카본블록 조성물 및 이를 포함하여 제조된 정수 필터용 카본블록
CN112340831B (zh) * 2020-11-16 2024-03-26 郑州大学 一种快速降解废水中的有机污染物的装置和方法
CN112759119A (zh) * 2020-12-21 2021-05-07 爱土工程环境科技有限公司 用于酸性矿山废水处理的离子反应池系统及其应用
US20220204369A1 (en) * 2020-12-31 2022-06-30 Chemtreat, Inc. Methods of treating water to remove selenium or mercury
CN113307418B (zh) * 2021-08-02 2021-10-29 大唐环境产业集团股份有限公司 一种重金属废水处理方法
CN114162953B (zh) * 2022-01-10 2023-04-28 西安交通大学 一种硫化螯合态零价铁及其制备方法和应用
CN114515567B (zh) * 2022-03-02 2023-05-26 中南大学 一种生物磁性纳米复合材料、及其制备方法和应用
CN114716093A (zh) * 2022-03-10 2022-07-08 四川文理学院 一种污水处理方法
US20230339789A1 (en) * 2022-04-25 2023-10-26 Höganäs Ab (Publ) Continuous Backwash Iron Media Reactor, A Wastewater Remediation Plant, and a Method of Remediating Wastewater
CN114790010A (zh) * 2022-04-28 2022-07-26 中国地质大学（北京） 一种还原型施氏矿物及其制备方法与在铬污染土壤中的应用
FR3137678B1 (fr) * 2022-07-07 2024-06-07 Univ Limoges Procédé de traitement d’eaux usées pour éliminer les phosphates qu’elles contiennent
WO2024059138A1 (en) * 2022-09-14 2024-03-21 Geosyntec Consultants, Inc. Treatment systems and methods
CN115920847A (zh) * 2023-01-09 2023-04-07 重庆大学 纳米零价铁耦合活性碳纤维的复合材料及其制备方法和复合材料的应用
CN117438124B (zh) * 2023-12-22 2024-04-09 中核第四研究设计工程有限公司 一种长久稳定处理含铀废渣的方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5620607A (en) * 1995-05-30 1997-04-15 Bowie, Jr.; James E. Filtering fluidized bed reactor
US6531065B2 (en) * 1999-11-12 2003-03-11 San Diego State University Foundation Perchlorate removal methods
US6719902B1 (en) * 1997-04-25 2004-04-13 The University Of Iowa Research Foundation Fe(o)-based bioremediation of aquifers contaminated with mixed wastes
US20070256985A1 (en) * 2006-03-30 2007-11-08 Dongye Zhao In Situ Remediation of Inorganic Contaminants Using Stabilized Zero-Valent Iron Nanoparticles
US20090298165A1 (en) * 2008-03-20 2009-12-03 Wiedemann Jay M Process for removing selenium from air or water

Family Cites Families (95)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3380033D1 (en) * 1982-06-22 1989-07-13 Seitetsu Kagaku Co Ltd Process for removal and recovery of mercury from waste water
US5389262A (en) * 1991-04-08 1995-02-14 Romar Technologies, Inc. Process for removing heavy metals from solutions with ferrous dithionite and hydroxide
EP0660804B1 (en) * 1992-09-18 1997-02-26 Krüger A/S Method for the purification of metal-containing aqueous media and method of preparing an adsorbent
FI97289C (fi) 1993-08-26 1996-11-25 Kemira Oy Menetelmä ainakin yhden metallin talteenottamiseksi hapolla käsitellystä jätevesilietteestä
FI97288C (fi) 1993-08-26 1996-11-25 Kemira Oy Jätevesilietteen käsittelymenetelmä
US6926878B2 (en) * 1994-12-08 2005-08-09 Peter F. Santina Method for removing toxic substances in water
US6093328A (en) * 1994-12-08 2000-07-25 Santina; Peter F. Method for removing toxic substances in water
US5833388A (en) * 1996-07-29 1998-11-10 Haley And Aldrich, Inc. Method for directing groundwater flow and treating groundwater in situ
GB9623337D0 (en) 1996-11-08 1997-01-08 Markessinis Andreas Water treatment process
AU7152298A (en) 1997-04-25 1998-11-24 University Of Iowa Research Foundation, The Fe(o)-based bioremediation of aquifers contaminated with mixed wastes
US6132623A (en) * 1997-06-19 2000-10-17 The University Of Connecticut Immobilization of inorganic arsenic species using iron
US6207114B1 (en) * 1997-07-31 2001-03-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Reactive material placement technique for groundwater treatment
US5798043A (en) * 1997-12-01 1998-08-25 Khudenko Engineering, Inc. Control of anaerobic wastewater treatment
US6193858B1 (en) * 1997-12-22 2001-02-27 George Hradil Spouted bed apparatus for contacting objects with a fluid
US7335246B2 (en) * 1998-05-14 2008-02-26 United States Of America Enviromental Protection Agency Contaminant adsorption and oxidation via the fenton reaction
CA2299328A1 (en) 1998-06-18 1999-12-23 Boris Mikhailovich Khudenko Mediated biological-abiotic waste treatment
US6942807B1 (en) * 1999-08-06 2005-09-13 Trustees Of Stevens Institute Of Technology Iron powder and sand filtration process for treatment of water contaminated with heavy metals and organic compounds
US6254786B1 (en) * 1999-09-22 2001-07-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Energy In-situ method to remove iron and other metals from solution in groundwater down gradient from permeable reactive barrier
US6432693B1 (en) * 1999-11-15 2002-08-13 Geovation Technologies, Inc. Advanced inorganic solid-chemical composition and methods for anaerobic bioremediation
US6358396B1 (en) * 2000-05-08 2002-03-19 U. T. Battelle, Llc Regeneration of anion exchange resins by catalyzed electrochemical reduction
US7476324B2 (en) * 2000-07-14 2009-01-13 Ferrate Treatment Technologies, Llc Methods of synthesizing a ferrate oxidant and its use in ballast water
US6770483B2 (en) * 2000-12-15 2004-08-03 Irving Lyon Determination of multi-valent metal contamination and system for removal of multi-valent metal contaminants from water
US7255793B2 (en) * 2001-05-30 2007-08-14 Cort Steven L Methods for removing heavy metals from water using chemical precipitation and field separation methods
US7238278B2 (en) * 2001-10-26 2007-07-03 Zodiac Pool Care, Inc. Apparatus for purifying water
US6761827B2 (en) * 2001-10-26 2004-07-13 Zodiac Pool Care, Inc. Method and apparatus for purifying water
US7572378B2 (en) * 2001-12-13 2009-08-11 Turf Sentry, Inc. Recycled irrigation water treatment system including reverse osmosis
US6955765B2 (en) 2001-12-13 2005-10-18 Rosen Peter L Recycled irrigation water treatment system
US20030132160A1 (en) * 2002-01-11 2003-07-17 Khudenko Boris M. Membrane biotreatment
US6921477B2 (en) * 2002-04-08 2005-07-26 Steven L. Wilhelm Groundwater treatment system and method
SG106658A1 (en) * 2002-04-16 2004-10-29 Univ Nanyang Compositions and methods for the treatment of wastewater and other waste
US6833075B2 (en) * 2002-04-17 2004-12-21 Watervisions International, Inc. Process for preparing reactive compositions for fluid treatment
AU2003240788A1 (en) * 2002-05-29 2003-12-19 Nasa Contaminant removal from natural resources
US8071055B2 (en) * 2002-12-04 2011-12-06 Blue Water Technologies, Inc. Water treatment techniques
US8080163B2 (en) * 2002-12-04 2011-12-20 Blue Water Technologies, Inc. Water treatment method
US7201841B2 (en) 2003-02-05 2007-04-10 Water Visions International, Inc. Composite materials for fluid treatment
US6982040B2 (en) * 2003-04-16 2006-01-03 Zodiac Pool Care, Inc. Method and apparatus for purifying water
DE10332775A1 (de) 2003-07-17 2005-02-17 Sasol Germany Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung böhmitischer Tonerden mit hoher a-Umwandlungstemperatur
WO2005014492A1 (en) * 2003-08-06 2005-02-17 Lehigh University A method for treating contaminated water
US7807606B2 (en) * 2003-09-04 2010-10-05 Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc High capacity adsorption media and method of producing
US20050051493A1 (en) * 2003-09-05 2005-03-10 Carl Hensman Material and method for water treatment
EP1680364A4 (en) * 2003-09-15 2009-08-05 Univ Delaware REMOVAL OF MICRO-ORGANISMS AND PRECIPITATING OF DISINFECTION-SECONDARY PRODUCTS USING ELEMENTARY IRON OR ALUMINUM
US20070034565A1 (en) * 2003-10-24 2007-02-15 Gastran Systems Method for treating a contaminated fluid
WO2005042412A1 (en) 2003-10-29 2005-05-12 University Of Miami Metal mediated aeration for water and wastewater purification
US20050103707A1 (en) * 2003-11-19 2005-05-19 Amcol International Corporation Contaminant-reactive geocomposite mat and method of manufacture and use
US7575682B2 (en) * 2003-11-19 2009-08-18 Amcol International Corporation Contaminant-reactive geocomposite mat and method of manufacture and use
US20050133458A1 (en) * 2003-12-23 2005-06-23 Gurol Mirat D. Perchlorate removal apparatus
US7754099B2 (en) 2004-04-26 2010-07-13 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Reducing water purification material, method for producing reducing water purification material, method for treating wastewater, and wastewater treatment apparatus
JP2008506519A (ja) * 2004-07-16 2008-03-06 カリフォルニア インスティテュート オブ テクノロジー 機能強化デンドリマーろ過による水処理
US20080185341A1 (en) * 2004-07-16 2008-08-07 California Institute Of Technology Water treatment by dendrimer-enhanced filtration
US20090200246A1 (en) * 2006-12-29 2009-08-13 King Joseph A ION enhancement
US20060049091A1 (en) * 2004-09-03 2006-03-09 Cheetham Jeffrey K Reactive adsorbent for heavy elements
US8048317B2 (en) * 2004-12-13 2011-11-01 University Of Hawaii Generation of free radicals, analytical methods, bacterial disinfections, and oxidative destruction of organic chemicals using zero valent iron and other metals
US8366940B2 (en) * 2005-01-03 2013-02-05 Yeda Research And Development Co. Ltd. Zero valent metal composite, manufacturing, system and method using thereof, for catalytically treating contaminated water
US7329349B2 (en) * 2005-04-11 2008-02-12 Adventus Intellectual Property Inc. Water treatment
US7160465B2 (en) * 2005-04-21 2007-01-09 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Materials for removing toxic metals from wastewater
US7025887B1 (en) * 2005-04-21 2006-04-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Sand filter treatment facility and method for removing toxic metals from storm water
US20070039894A1 (en) * 2005-08-17 2007-02-22 Cort Steven L Water treatment using magnetic and other field separation technologies
CA2625080C (en) * 2005-10-20 2014-08-05 Fmc Corporation Oxidation of organic compounds
WO2007056717A2 (en) * 2005-11-08 2007-05-18 Worcester Polytechnic Institute Methods and devices for the removal of organic contaminants from water
CN101405223B (zh) * 2005-12-29 2012-08-22 北京微陶环保技术研究中心有限公司 从水中除去砷和重金属的方法及组合物
CA2677765C (en) 2006-02-09 2012-10-09 Alcoa Inc. Methods, apparatus and systems for polishing wastewater utilizing natural media filtration
CN100364549C (zh) * 2006-04-12 2008-01-30 浙江大学 负载型超细铁粉的补铁剂及制备方法和用途
US20070241063A1 (en) * 2006-04-18 2007-10-18 Quebec Metal Powders Ltd. Process for treating water using atomized ferrous powders containing 0.25 to 4 wt% carbon and 1 to 6 wt% oxygen
WO2007143350A1 (en) * 2006-05-31 2007-12-13 Alcoa Inc. Systems and methods for treating water with iron
WO2008039936A2 (en) 2006-09-27 2008-04-03 Cort Steven L Magnetic seeding and separation technology for treating water
US20080073282A1 (en) * 2006-09-27 2008-03-27 Cort Steven L Device and Methods for Shearing Magnetic Floc in a Water Treatment System
US20080073283A1 (en) * 2006-09-27 2008-03-27 Cort Steven L Magnetic Separator for Water Treatment System
US20080073281A1 (en) * 2006-09-27 2008-03-27 Cort Steven L Method and Apparatus for Batch Treating Water Utilizing Magnetic Separation
US20080073280A1 (en) * 2006-09-27 2008-03-27 Cort Steven L Device for Removing Magnetic Floc from a Magnetic Collector in a Water Treatment System
US20080073284A1 (en) * 2006-09-27 2008-03-27 Cort Steven L Device and method for utilizing magnetic seeding and separation in a water treatment system
WO2008136814A2 (en) 2006-10-23 2008-11-13 California Institute Of Technology Water treatment by dendrimer-enhanced filtration
US7850854B2 (en) * 2006-11-06 2010-12-14 PURE O TECH, Inc. Method for perchlorate removal and destruction
US7531089B2 (en) * 2006-12-18 2009-05-12 Mankiewicz Paul S Biogeochemical reactor
TWI324530B (en) * 2006-12-28 2010-05-11 Ind Tech Res Inst Photocatalyst composite and fabrication method thereof
US20100276360A1 (en) * 2007-02-08 2010-11-04 Alcoa Inc. Methods, apparatus and systems for polishing wastewater utilizing natural media filtration
WO2008119063A1 (en) * 2007-03-28 2008-10-02 Worcester Polytechnic Institute Simultaneous reduction/oxidation process for destroying an organic solvent
WO2008122987A2 (en) * 2007-04-05 2008-10-16 INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Created by and act of Parliament, Institute of Technologies Act, 1961 Of Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay Reactor for reductive conversion reactions using palladized bacterial cellulose
EP2158045A2 (en) * 2007-05-04 2010-03-03 Archer-Daniels-Midland Company Compositions and uses thereof in bioremediation
EP2190789A2 (en) * 2007-07-23 2010-06-02 Verutek Technologies, Inc. Enhanced biodegradation of non-aqueous phase liquids using surfactant enhanced in-situ chemical oxidation
US20090191084A1 (en) 2008-01-25 2009-07-30 John Jude Liskowitz Reactive atomized zero valent iron enriched with sulfur and carbon to enhance corrosivity and reactivity of the iron and provide desirable reduction products
US20110114563A1 (en) * 2008-03-28 2011-05-19 Global Materials Technologies, Inc. Element removal process and apparatus
US8025800B2 (en) * 2008-03-28 2011-09-27 Global Material Technologies, Inc. Element removal apparatus
US8101087B2 (en) * 2008-03-28 2012-01-24 Global Materials Technologies, Inc. Element removal process
US20100147769A1 (en) * 2008-03-28 2010-06-17 Global Material Technologies, Inc. Element removal process and apparatus
WO2009134315A2 (en) * 2008-05-01 2009-11-05 King Technology, Inc. Bromate suppression
US8057682B2 (en) * 2008-05-16 2011-11-15 Verutek Technologies, Inc. Green synthesis of nanometals using plant extracts and use thereof
US20100126944A1 (en) * 2008-10-20 2010-05-27 Washington Braida Treatment of Water Contaminated with Energetic Compounds
US20100140185A1 (en) * 2008-12-05 2010-06-10 John Hill Wastewater treatment
US20110017671A1 (en) * 2009-01-20 2011-01-27 Alley Jr Ernest Roberts Water treatment system and method
KR20120051000A (ko) * 2009-07-06 2012-05-21 할로소스, 인코포레이티드 수성 매체로부터 물의 회수 및 현탁된 고형물의 분리를 위한 이중 중합체 시스템
WO2011035263A2 (en) 2009-09-18 2011-03-24 Yongheng Huang Zero valent iron/iron oxide mineral/ferrous iron composite for treatment of a contaminated fluid
WO2011046943A1 (en) 2009-10-14 2011-04-21 Verutek Technologies, Inc. Bromothymol blue composition for detection of free radicals
US9187351B2 (en) * 2009-10-27 2015-11-17 King Technology Inc. Water treatment
US20110139726A1 (en) * 2009-12-10 2011-06-16 Yan Jin Filtration media coated with zero-valent metals, their process of making, and use
US20110309021A1 (en) * 2010-06-22 2011-12-22 Yan Jin Mitigation of irrigation water using zero-valent iron treatment

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5620607A (en) * 1995-05-30 1997-04-15 Bowie, Jr.; James E. Filtering fluidized bed reactor
US6719902B1 (en) * 1997-04-25 2004-04-13 The University Of Iowa Research Foundation Fe(o)-based bioremediation of aquifers contaminated with mixed wastes
US6531065B2 (en) * 1999-11-12 2003-03-11 San Diego State University Foundation Perchlorate removal methods
US20070256985A1 (en) * 2006-03-30 2007-11-08 Dongye Zhao In Situ Remediation of Inorganic Contaminants Using Stabilized Zero-Valent Iron Nanoparticles
US20090298165A1 (en) * 2008-03-20 2009-12-03 Wiedemann Jay M Process for removing selenium from air or water

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Huang, et al. "Effects of Oxide Coating and Selected Cations on Nitrate Reduction by Iron Metal", Journal of Environmental Quality, 2003, 32, Pages 1306-1315, ProQuest. *
Huang, et al. "Reduction of nitrobenzene and formation of corrosion coatings in zerovalent iron systems", Water Research, 2006, 40, Pages 3075-3082, Elsevier. *
Kanel, et al. "Removal of Arsenic(III) from Groundwater by Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron", Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 1291-1298. *

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9718713B2 (en) 2012-02-17 2017-08-01 Brown University Arsenic removal system
US9359228B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-06-07 Ndsu Research Foundation Iron-functionalized alginate for phosphate and other contaminant removal and recovery from aqueous solutions
WO2014168728A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-10-16 Ndsu Research Foundation Calcium-alginate entrapped nanoscale zero-valent iron (nzvi)
US9815710B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2017-11-14 Ndsu Research Foundation Iron-functionalized alginate for phosphate and other contaminant removal and recovery from aqueous solutions
US9776891B2 (en) 2013-06-26 2017-10-03 Corning Incorporated Filter and methods for heavy metal remediation of water
US20180201529A1 (en) * 2013-11-04 2018-07-19 Fvoqua Water Technologies Llc Apparatus and Methods to Recover Media from an Activated Iron Process
WO2015066417A1 (en) * 2013-11-04 2015-05-07 Evoqua Water Technologies Llc Apparatus and methods for a moving bed activated iron process
AU2014342153B2 (en) * 2013-11-04 2018-11-08 Evoqua Water Technologies Llc Apparatus and methods for a moving bed activated iron process
WO2015103286A1 (en) * 2014-01-03 2015-07-09 Ecolab Usa Inc. Removal of targeted constituents through the use of reductants/oxidants coupled to a magnetic separator
WO2015164316A1 (en) * 2014-04-22 2015-10-29 Evoqua Water Technologies Llc Removal of selenocyanate from refinery sour water stripper wastewater
US11365139B2 (en) 2014-04-22 2022-06-21 Evoqua Water Technologies Llc Removal of selenocyanate from refinery sour water stripper wastewater
US10421037B2 (en) 2014-04-25 2019-09-24 Ada Carbon Solutions, Llc Methods for treating a flue gas stream using a wet scrubber unit
US10307706B2 (en) 2014-04-25 2019-06-04 Ada Carbon Solutions, Llc Sorbent compositions for use in a wet scrubber unit
US10682605B2 (en) 2014-04-25 2020-06-16 Ada Carbon Solutions, Llc Methods for treating a flue gas stream using a wet scrubber unit
US11590446B2 (en) 2014-04-25 2023-02-28 Ada Carbon Solutions, Llc Methods for treating a flue gas stream using a wet scrubber unit
WO2016100903A3 (en) * 2014-12-19 2016-08-18 The Texas A&M University System Hybrid activated iron-biological water treatment system and method
US11084742B2 (en) 2014-12-19 2021-08-10 The Texas A&M University System Activated hybrid zero-valent iron treatment system and methods for generation and use thereof
WO2016100908A1 (en) * 2014-12-19 2016-06-23 The Texas A&M University System Activated hybrid zero-valent iron treatment system and methods for generation and use thereof
WO2017070347A1 (en) * 2015-10-21 2017-04-27 The Texas A&M University System Method for removal of recalcitrant selenium species from wastewater
US11084743B2 (en) 2015-10-21 2021-08-10 Texas A&M University System Method for removal of recalcitrant selenium species from wastewater
US10676376B2 (en) 2016-09-29 2020-06-09 Ecolab Usa Inc. Modification of iron-based media for water treatment
US10730034B2 (en) 2017-08-28 2020-08-04 Viviron Technology LLC Iron-selenide-oxide sorbent composition for removing mercury (Hg) vapor from a gaseous stream; methods of use and methods of manufacture
CN109796070A (zh) * 2019-01-28 2019-05-24 山东大学 一种硫化/柠檬化协同改性微米零价铁材料及其制备方法与应用

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102884010A (zh) 2013-01-16
CA2787032A1 (en) 2011-03-24
EP2512997A4 (en) 2013-10-30
WO2011035263A2 (en) 2011-03-24
CN106517477A (zh) 2017-03-22
US20110174743A1 (en) 2011-07-21
MY158781A (en) 2016-11-15
AU2010295313A1 (en) 2012-08-09
US20160052808A1 (en) 2016-02-25
WO2011035263A3 (en) 2011-07-28
EP2512997B1 (en) 2020-01-15
EA201290898A1 (ru) 2013-02-28
PL2512997T3 (pl) 2020-06-01
AU2010295313B2 (en) 2015-04-30
CA2787032C (en) 2021-01-26
US10329179B2 (en) 2019-06-25
EP2512997A2 (en) 2012-10-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US20120273431A1 (en) Zero valent iron/iron oxide mineral/ferrous iron composite for treatment of a contaminate fluid
US20170362108A1 (en) Hybrid activated iron-biological water treatment system and method
Tan et al. Selenium: environmental significance, pollution, and biological treatment technologies
Huang et al. Hybrid zero-valent iron process for removing heavy metals and nitrate from flue-gas-desulfurization wastewater
US20140069872A1 (en) Method for removing molybdate from water using an activated iron treatment system
Westerhoff et al. Nitrate removal in zero-valent iron packed columns
CN104478160B (zh) 采选矿含有机物和重金属废水协同氧化处理的方法
Pratiwi et al. Integration of electrocoagulation, adsorption and wetland technology for jewelry industry wastewater treatment
Lichtfouse et al. Technologies to remove selenium from water and wastewater
Feng et al. How pyrite interacts with anammox: mechanisms and application
CN109179782B (zh) 利用活性铁氧微晶体处理脱硫废水的装置及方法
US11084742B2 (en) Activated hybrid zero-valent iron treatment system and methods for generation and use thereof
Li et al. Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) for heavy metal wastewater treatment: A perspective
US10570041B2 (en) Treatment of iron contaminated liquids with an activated iron solids (AIS) process
WO2015164316A1 (en) Removal of selenocyanate from refinery sour water stripper wastewater
CN109179781B (zh) 基于活性铁氧微晶体处理脱硫废水的装置及方法
US10995022B2 (en) Mixed aluminum (III) and iron (II) salt solution for enhancing the hybrid zero-valent iron media system reactivity for treating metal-contaminated wastewater
CN116161834A (zh) 一种基于零价铁填充床系统的重金属废水处理方法
CN209322599U (zh) 基于活性铁氧微晶体处理脱硫废水的装置
CN209322600U (zh) 利用活性铁氧微晶体处理脱硫废水的装置
Peddi Pilot-scale demonstration of hZVI process for treating flue gas desulfurization wastewater at plant wansley, Carrollton, GA
MS Synthesis of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Coated Sand
Song et al. Electrochemical In Situ Production of Magnetite for the Removal of Se from Wastewater
Yang Removal of Selenium From Wastewater Using ZVI and Hybrid ZVI/Iron Oxide Process
SARAVANAN et al. COMPARISON OF THE EFFICIENCIES OF ORGANIC AND CELLULOSIC SUBSTRATES IN REMOVING SULFATES AND METALS FROM ACID MINE DRAINAGE USING CONTINUOUS SULFATE REDUCING BIOREACTOR.

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: THE TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY SYSTEM, TEXAS

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:HUANG, YONGHENG;REEL/FRAME:028572/0601

Effective date: 20120618

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION