US20120039089A1 - Optical construction and display system incorporating same - Google Patents

Optical construction and display system incorporating same Download PDF

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Publication number
US20120039089A1
US20120039089A1 US13/264,281 US201013264281A US2012039089A1 US 20120039089 A1 US20120039089 A1 US 20120039089A1 US 201013264281 A US201013264281 A US 201013264281A US 2012039089 A1 US2012039089 A1 US 2012039089A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
optical
construction
less
film
optical film
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Abandoned
Application number
US13/264,281
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English (en)
Inventor
Encai Hao
Fei Lu
William Blake Kolb
Brian W. Ostlie
Adam D. Haag
Michael Benton Free
William D. Coggio
Michael L. Steiner
Soemantri Widagdo
Kui Chen-Ho
Lan H. Liu
Robert F. Kamrath
Scott M Tapio
John A. Wheatiey
Charles David Hoyle
Michael F Weber
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3M Innovative Properties Co
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3M Innovative Properties Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 3M Innovative Properties Co filed Critical 3M Innovative Properties Co
Priority to US13/264,281 priority Critical patent/US20120039089A1/en
Assigned to 3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES COMPANY reassignment 3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES COMPANY ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: WIDAGDO, SOEMANTRI, LU, FEI, CHEN-HO, KUI, COGGIO, WILLIAM D., HAAG, ADAM D., HAO, ENCAI, HOYLE, CHARLES DAVID, KAMRATH, ROBERT F., KOLB, WILLIAM BLAKE, LIU, LAN H., STEINER, MICHAEL L., WEBER, MICHAEL F., FREE, MICHAEL BENTON, WHEATLEY, JOHN A., OSTLIE, BRIAN W., TAPIO, SCOTT M.
Publication of US20120039089A1 publication Critical patent/US20120039089A1/en
Priority to US14/865,892 priority patent/US10649274B2/en
Priority to US16/840,694 priority patent/US11435616B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
    • G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
    • G02B5/3041—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid comprising multiple thin layers, e.g. multilayer stacks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
    • G02B5/3058—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state comprising electrically conductive elements, e.g. wire grids, conductive particles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
    • G02B5/3066—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state involving the reflection of light at a particular angle of incidence, e.g. Brewster's angle
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3083—Birefringent or phase retarding elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0056—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide for producing polarisation effects, e.g. by a surface with polarizing properties or by an additional polarizing elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G02F1/133536—Reflective polarizers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133615—Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side

Definitions

  • an optical construction in another embodiment, includes a reflective polarizer layer, and an optical film that is disposed on the reflective polarizer layer and has an optical haze that is not less than about 50%. Substantial portions of each two neighboring major surfaces in the optical construction are in physical contact with each other.
  • the optical construction has an axial luminance gain that is not less than about 1.2.
  • FIG. 5A is a schematic side-view of another display system
  • FIG. 6 is an optical image of a porous optical film
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic side-view of an optical system for measuring scattering properties of an optical diffuser
  • Optical adhesive layer 140 can include any optical adhesive that may be desirable and/or available in an application.
  • Exemplary optical adhesives include pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs), heat-sensitive adhesives, solvent-volatile adhesives, and UV-curable adhesives such as UV-curable optical adhesives available from Norland Products, Inc.
  • PSAs include those based on natural rubbers, synthetic rubbers, styrene block copolymers, (meth)acrylic block copolymers, polyvinyl ethers, polyolefins, and poly(meth)acrylates.
  • (meth)acrylic (or acrylate) refers to both acrylic and methacrylic species.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic side-view of an optical construction 300 that includes a substrate 160 disposed between optical adhesive layer 140 and optical film 120 .
  • optical film 120 is coated on substrate 160 and optical adhesive layer 140 adheres the coated substrate to reflective polarizer layer 110 .
  • optical adhesive layer 140 and optical film 120 are coated on opposite major surfaces of the substrate and the adhesive laminates the two-sides coated substrate to the reflective polarizer layer.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic side-view of an optical system 900 centered on an optical axis 990 for measuring light scattering of an optically diffusive film.
  • Optical system 900 includes a half-sphere 910 that includes a spherical surface 905 , a flat bottom surface 915 ,and an index of refraction n h , an optically diffusive film 930 laminated to bottom surface 915 via an optical adhesive layer 920 , a light source 940 emitting light 945 , and an optical detector 950 for detecting light that is scattered by test sample 930 .
  • Optical film 440 has an index of refraction in the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum that is less than about 1.4, or less than about 1.35, or less than about 1.30, or less than about 1.2, or less than about 1.15, or less than about 1.1.
  • Optical film 440 has a small optical haze.
  • the optical haze of optical film 440 is not greater than about 10%, or not greater than about 8%, or not greater than about 6%, or not greater than about 5%, or not greater than about 4%, or not greater than about 3%, or not greater than about 2%, or not greater than about 1%, or not greater than about 0.5%.
  • Optical film 440 has a high average specular optical transmittance in the visible.
  • the average specular optical transmittance of the optical film is greater than about 70%, or greater than about 75%, or greater than about 80%, or greater than about 85%, or greater than about 90%, or greater than about 95%.
  • Reflective polarizer layer 430 substantially reflects light that has a first polarization state and substantially transmits light that has a second polarization state, where the two polarization states are mutually orthogonal. Any suitable type of reflective polarizer may be used for reflective polarizer layer 430 .
  • reflective polarizer layer 430 can be similar to reflective polarizer layer 110 .
  • substantial portions of neighboring major surfaces (major surfaces that face each other or are adjacent to each other) of each two neighboring layers in optical construction 406 are in physical contact with each other.
  • substantial portions of neighboring major surfaces of each two neighboring layers in optical construction 406 are in physical contact with each other.
  • at least 50%, or at least 60%, or at least 70%, or at least 80%, or at least 90%, or at least 95% of the neighboring major surfaces of each two neighboring layers in the optical construction are in physical contact with each other.
  • substantial portions of neighboring major surfaces (major surfaces that face each other or are adjacent to each other) of each two neighboring layers in optical stack 1810 are in physical contact with each other.
  • substantial portions of neighboring major surfaces of each two neighboring layers in optical stack 1810 are in physical contact with each other.
  • at least 50%, or at least 60%, or at least 70%, or at least 80%, or at least 90%, or at least 95% of the neighboring major surfaces of each two neighboring layers in the optical construction are in physical contact with each other.
  • a coating solution “C” was made. First, 100 g of Cabot PG002 fumed silica (available from Cabot Corporation, Billerica Mass.) was added to a 500 ml 3-neck flask that was equipped with a condenser, a stir bar and stir plate, a temperature controller and a heating mantle. Next, a premix of 3.08 g Silquest A174 and 100g of 1-methoxy-2-propanol was added to the flask. The mixture was stirred at 80° C. for about 16 hours. The resulting mixture had low viscosity and had a hazy translucent appearance. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature.
  • Cabot PG002 fumed silica available from Cabot Corporation, Billerica Mass.
  • the solvent in the cured coating was removed by transporting the coating to a drying oven operating at 150° F. for 2 minutes at a web speed of 5 ft/min.
  • the dried coating was post-cured using a Fusion System Model I300P configured with an H-bulb (available from Fusion UV Systems, Gaithersburg Md.).
  • the UV Fusion chamber was supplied with a flow of nitrogen that resulted in an oxygen concentration of approximately 50 ppm in the chamber.
  • the solvent was either isopropyl alcohol (IPA) or methanol (MeOH).
  • IPA isopropyl alcohol
  • MeOH methanol
  • the mixing of the resin, the fumed silica, and the solvent was done in a 300 mL stainless steel beaker.
  • the fumed silica was dispersed in the resin using a Ross 100-LC single stage high shear mixer with a single stage slotted head rotor (available from Charles Ross and Sons, Hauppauge N.Y.) for about 3 minutes at 1200 rpm. Next, the resulting foam was allowed to settle. Next, the solid weight percentage was adjusted to 12% by adding more of the same solvent resulting in coating solutions 1-9.
  • the coating solution was applied on a 5 mil thick PET film using a number-30 wire-wound rod (available from RD Specialties, Webster, N.Y.). Next, the coated film was dried at 100° C. for 1 min.
  • a coating solution was made.
  • a 2 liter tree-neck flask equipped with a condenser and a thermometer, 401.5 grams of Nalco 2327 silica particles, 11.9 grams of Trimethoxy (2,4,4 trimethypentyl) silane, 11.77 grams of (Triethoxysilyl) propionitrile, and 300 grams of 1-methoxy-2-propanol were mixed together and stirred.
  • the flask was sealed and heated at 80 ° C. for 16 hours.
  • 100 grams of this solution and 30 grams of SR444 were added to a 250 milliliter round-bottom flask. The solvents in the solution were removed by rotary evaporation.
  • a reference optical construction 2500 a side-view of which is shown schematically in FIG. 12 , was made.
  • volume diffuser 450 was made.
  • a mixture was made that included: Polystyrene beads with an average diameter of about 6 microns (available as SBX-6 from Sekisui Plastics Co, Osaka, Japan) at 26% by weight, resin PH-6010 (available as Photomer 6010 from Cognis North America, Cincinnati Ohio) at 9% by weight, resins SR9003 at 4.6% by weight and SR833 at 4% by weight (both available from Sartomer Company, Exton Pa.), solvent Dowanol PM (available from Dow Chemical Company, Midland Mich.) at 60% by weight, and photoinitiator Darocur 4265 (available from Ciba Specialty Chemicals Company, High Point N.C.) at 0.4% by weight.
  • the mixture was stirred in a high shear mixer with the beads added last to the mixture.
  • optical construction 2600 An optical construction 2600 , a side-view of which is shown schematically in FIG. 13 , was made.
  • Optical construction 2600 was similar to optical construction 2500 , except that optical construction 2600 had an optical film 2610 placed between optical adhesive layer 2520 and reflective polarizer layer 430 .
  • the PET side of the volume diffuser was laminated to optical film 3520 using optically clear adhesive OCA 8171 .
  • SPSA optical adhesive layer 2530 was used to laminate the reflective polarizer to linear absorbing polarizer 2540 , where the absorbing polarizer was similar to the absorbing polarizer used in Example 1.
  • the axial luminance of the optical construction in Example 12 was about 50% greater than the axial luminance of the optical construction in Example 1.
  • Each optical construction 1600 included an optical film 1650 laminated to a DBEF-Q reflecting polarizer layer 1640 (available from 3M Company, St. Paul Minn.) via a first optical adhesive layer 1640 (available as OCA 8171 from 3M Company, St. Paul Minn. having an index of refraction of about 1.48).
  • the other side of polarizer layer 1620 was laminated to a linear absorbing polarizer 1610 (available as SR5618 from San Ritz Corporation, Tokyo Japan) via a second optical adhesive layer 1620 (OCA 8171).
  • Seven different optical films 1650 (labeled OF 1 -OF 7 ) were selected:
  • the coating solution from Example I was coated according to Example F on a 2 mil (0.051 mm) thick PET substrate except that the syringe flow-rate was 6 cc/min and the current to the LEDs was at 13 Amps, resulting in a UV-A dose of 0.1352 joules per square cm.
  • the resulting optical film had a total optical transmittance of about 52%, an optical haze of about 100%, an optical clarity of about 4%, and a thickness of about 8 microns.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
US13/264,281 2009-04-15 2010-04-15 Optical construction and display system incorporating same Abandoned US20120039089A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/264,281 US20120039089A1 (en) 2009-04-15 2010-04-15 Optical construction and display system incorporating same
US14/865,892 US10649274B2 (en) 2009-04-15 2015-09-25 Optical construction and display system incorporating same
US16/840,694 US11435616B2 (en) 2009-04-15 2020-04-06 Optical construction and display system incorporating same

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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US16952109P 2009-04-15 2009-04-15
PCT/US2010/031149 WO2010120971A1 (en) 2009-04-15 2010-04-15 Optical construction and display system incorporating same
US13/264,281 US20120039089A1 (en) 2009-04-15 2010-04-15 Optical construction and display system incorporating same

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US14/865,892 Continuation US10649274B2 (en) 2009-04-15 2015-09-25 Optical construction and display system incorporating same
US14/865,892 Division US10649274B2 (en) 2009-04-15 2015-09-25 Optical construction and display system incorporating same

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US14/865,892 Active US10649274B2 (en) 2009-04-15 2015-09-25 Optical construction and display system incorporating same
US16/840,694 Active 2031-03-13 US11435616B2 (en) 2009-04-15 2020-04-06 Optical construction and display system incorporating same

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US (3) US20120039089A1 (enExample)
EP (1) EP2419768A1 (enExample)
JP (3) JP2012524303A (enExample)
KR (2) KR20120022913A (enExample)
CN (2) CN103885107A (enExample)
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US20110134623A1 (en) * 2008-08-08 2011-06-09 Sherman Audrey A Lightguide having a viscoelastic layer for managing light
US20110176325A1 (en) * 2008-07-10 2011-07-21 3M Innovative Properties Company Viscoelastic lightguide
US20120200801A1 (en) * 2009-10-24 2012-08-09 Wheatley John A Light source and display system incorporating same
US20130222911A1 (en) * 2010-10-20 2013-08-29 William D. Coggio Optically diffuse low refractive index element
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US20200073040A1 (en) * 2018-08-28 2020-03-05 Samsung Display Co., Ltd. Light source member and display device including the same
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US20160018700A1 (en) 2016-01-21
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WO2010120971A1 (en) 2010-10-21
JP2012524303A (ja) 2012-10-11
JP6587439B2 (ja) 2019-10-09
KR20120022913A (ko) 2012-03-12
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US11435616B2 (en) 2022-09-06
EP2419768A1 (en) 2012-02-22
JP2019020742A (ja) 2019-02-07
JP6952669B2 (ja) 2021-10-20
US10649274B2 (en) 2020-05-12
CN102576097B (zh) 2016-07-06
KR20170091756A (ko) 2017-08-09

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