US20100286045A1 - Methods comprising desmopressin - Google Patents

Methods comprising desmopressin Download PDF

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US20100286045A1
US20100286045A1 US12/732,161 US73216110A US2010286045A1 US 20100286045 A1 US20100286045 A1 US 20100286045A1 US 73216110 A US73216110 A US 73216110A US 2010286045 A1 US2010286045 A1 US 2010286045A1
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dose
nocturnal
desmopressin
patient
voids
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US12/732,161
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English (en)
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Bjarke Mirner Klein
Jens Peter Norgaard
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Priority claimed from US12/469,801 external-priority patent/US9974826B2/en
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Priority to US12/732,161 priority Critical patent/US20100286045A1/en
Publication of US20100286045A1 publication Critical patent/US20100286045A1/en
Priority to PT117283879T priority patent/PT2550007E/pt
Priority to DK15184741.5T priority patent/DK3006036T3/en
Priority to HUE11728387A priority patent/HUE027417T2/en
Priority to PL11728387T priority patent/PL2550007T3/pl
Priority to EP11728387.9A priority patent/EP2550007B1/en
Priority to EP15184741.5A priority patent/EP3006036B1/en
Priority to LTEP15184741.5T priority patent/LT3006036T/lt
Priority to DK11728387.9T priority patent/DK2550007T3/en
Priority to CN201911211683.4A priority patent/CN110898207A/zh
Priority to PT15184741T priority patent/PT3006036T/pt
Priority to CA2793502A priority patent/CA2793502A1/en
Priority to TR2019/00240T priority patent/TR201900240T4/tr
Priority to SI201131648T priority patent/SI3006036T1/sl
Priority to CN2011800154945A priority patent/CN102821776A/zh
Priority to ES15184741T priority patent/ES2708973T3/es
Priority to PL15184741T priority patent/PL3006036T3/pl
Priority to CN201610887523.1A priority patent/CN106924716A/zh
Priority to RS20190058A priority patent/RS58224B1/sr
Priority to CN201710490960.4A priority patent/CN107252474A/zh
Priority to EP18196338.0A priority patent/EP3449908A1/en
Priority to ES11728387.9T priority patent/ES2559446T3/es
Priority to PCT/IB2011/001010 priority patent/WO2012001469A1/en
Priority to JP2013500608A priority patent/JP6253977B2/ja
Assigned to FERRING INTERNATIONAL CENTER S.A. reassignment FERRING INTERNATIONAL CENTER S.A. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KLEIN, BJARKE MIRNER, NORGAARD, JENS PETER
Assigned to FERRING B.V. reassignment FERRING B.V. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: FERRING INTERNATIONAL CENTER S.A.
Priority to HK16104260.7A priority patent/HK1216298A1/zh
Priority to HK13106106.3A priority patent/HK1179156A1/zh
Priority to US14/143,866 priority patent/US10137167B2/en
Priority to JP2016077478A priority patent/JP6297616B2/ja
Priority to JP2017239240A priority patent/JP6545778B2/ja
Priority to US16/162,453 priority patent/US11020448B2/en
Priority to HRP20190104TT priority patent/HRP20190104T1/hr
Priority to US17/332,327 priority patent/US11963995B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • A61K38/04—Peptides having up to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/08—Peptides having 5 to 11 amino acids
    • A61K38/095—Oxytocins; Vasopressins; Related peptides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • A61K38/04—Peptides having up to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/08—Peptides having 5 to 11 amino acids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0053—Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration
    • A61K9/0056—Mouth soluble or dispersible forms; Suckable, eatable, chewable coherent forms; Forms rapidly disintegrating in the mouth; Lozenges; Lollipops; Bite capsules; Baked products; Baits or other oral forms for animals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
    • A61P13/10—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the bladder

Definitions

  • nocturia Only recently has nocturia been recognized as a clinical entity in its own right as opposed to one of many symptoms comprising various lower urinary tract conditions. It is currently defined by the International Continence Society (ICS) as the complaint that the individual has to wake up at night one or more times to void. This applies to any number of voids at any time during the night provided the person is awake before voiding. (1) In general, the term nocturia refers to urination at night, especially when excessive. It is also referred to as “nycturia.”
  • Global polyuria is defined as urine output >40 ml/kg body weight during a 24 hour period.
  • causes of polyuria include diabetes mellitus, diabetes insipidus, and primary thirst disorders.
  • Bladder storage problems are characterized by frequent voids with small urine volumes.
  • Causes of bladder storage problems include detrusor over activity (neurogenic and non-neurogenic); bladder hypersensitivity; bladder outlet obstruction; primary bladder pathology such as cystitis, calculi and neoplasia; and urogenital aging.
  • a pattern of frequent waking and voiding is also characteristic of a primary sleep disturbance which should be part of the differential diagnosis in the evaluation of a patient with nocturia.
  • Nocturnal polyuria is defined as the production of an abnormally large volume of urine during sleep. Healthy young adults from 21-35 years of age excrete approximately 14 ⁇ 4% of their total urine between the hours of 11 p.m. and 7 a.m. whereas older people excrete an average of 34 ⁇ 15%. (3-4)
  • the ICS currently defines nocturnal polyuria as a nocturnal urine volume greater than 20-30% of total 24 hour urine volume, depending on age and in the absence of polyuria. (5)
  • Nocturnal polyuria may be secondary to systemic conditions such as congestive heart failure, peripheral edema due to venous stasis or lymphostasis, renal or hepatic failure, lifestyle patterns such as excessive nighttime drinking, and obstructive sleep apnea.
  • Several studies suggest that some individuals with nocturia may have a loss of the normal circadian rhythmicity of arginine vasopressin (AVP) secretion. (6-12) AVP is the hormone primarily responsible for the regulation of urine production. In healthy adults, there is a diurnal release of AVP with peak blood concentrations occurring during the hours of sleep.
  • AVP arginine vasopressin
  • Asplund and Aberg investigated the relationship between sleep and nocturia in a sample of 3000 women and found that sleep deteriorated in association with increased nighttime voiding. Women with 3 or more voids per night reported four times more often that they lacked sleep and suffered from daytime sleepiness. (33)
  • Nocturia is also associated with an increased incidence of falls during the nighttime hours. (38) Falls are a major health problem among older persons and are the leading cause of death from injuries in this age group. (39) In a study evaluating the risk of falls in ambulatory patients 65 years of age and older with nocturia, the odds ratio for falling increased from 1.46 for subjects with one nocturia event to 2.15 for subjects reporting more than three nocturia events per night. (40)
  • Vasopressin is the primary physiologic determinant of free water excretion. It increases the water permeability of the luminal membrane of the renal cortical and medullary collecting ducts thereby promoting free water reabsorption and reducing urine production. As nocturia is the clinical consequence of excess nocturnal urine production relative to bladder capacity, reduction of nocturnal urine volume should logically result in fewer nighttime voiding episodes.
  • Desmopressin is a synthetic analogue of the naturally occurring hormone 8-arginine vasopressin, with modifications including deamination of 1-cysteine and substitution of L-arginine at position 8 by D-arginine. Desmopressin exhibits a high and specific antidiuretic effect as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,497,491. The resulting molecule has an antidiuretic-to-vasopressor ratio 3000-fold greater than vasopressin and a longer duration of action. (41)
  • the present disclosure is directed to gender, age, and dose effects of desmopressin on reducing nocturnal voids, increasing an initial period of undisturbed sleep, and/or reducing nocturnal urine volume.
  • the present disclosure provides a method for increasing an initial period of undisturbed sleep in a patient in need thereof comprising: administering to the patient prior to bedtime an orodispersible dose of desmopressin of 10 ⁇ g, wherein the dose is measured as the free base of desmopressin and the dose taken over a treatment period increases the patient's initial period of undisturbed sleep.
  • the present disclosure is directed to a method for reducing nocturnal urine volume in a patient in need thereof comprising: administering to the patient prior to bedtime an orodispersible dose of desmopressin of 10 ⁇ g, wherein the dose is measured as the free base of desmopressin and the dose taken over a treatment period reduces the patient's nocturnal urine volume.
  • the present disclosure provides a method for reducing nocturnal voids in a female patient in need thereof comprising: administering to the patient prior to bedtime an orodispersible dose of desmopressin of 10 ⁇ g or 25 ⁇ g, wherein the dose is measured as the free base of desmopressin and the dose taken over a treatment period reduces the patient's nocturnal voids.
  • the present disclosure is directed to a method for increasing an initial period of undisturbed sleep in a female patient in need thereof comprising: administering to the patient prior to bedtime an orodispersible dose of desmopressin of 10 ⁇ g or 25 ⁇ g, wherein the dose is measured as the free base of desmopressin and the dose taken over a treatment period increases the patient's initial period of undisturbed sleep.
  • the present disclosure provides a method for reducing nocturnal urine volume in a female patient in need thereof comprising: administering to the patient prior to bedtime an orodispersible dose of desmopressin of 10 ⁇ g or 25 ⁇ g, wherein the dose is measured as the free base of desmopressin and the dose taken over a treatment period reduces the patient's nocturnal urine volume.
  • the present disclosure is directed to a method for reducing nocturnal voids in a female patient above 50 years of age in need thereof comprising: administering to the patient prior to bedtime an orodispersible dose of desmopressin of 10 ⁇ g or 25 ⁇ g, wherein the dose is measured as the free base of desmopressin and the dose taken over a treatment period reduces the patient's nocturnal voids.
  • the present disclosure provides a method for increasing an initial period of undisturbed sleep in a female patient above 50 years of age in need thereof comprising: administering to the patient prior to bedtime an orodispersible dose of desmopressin of 10 ⁇ g or 25 ⁇ g, wherein the dose is measured as the free base of desmopressin and the dose taken over a treatment period increases the patient's initial period of undisturbed sleep.
  • the present disclosure is directed to a method for reducing nocturnal urine volume in a female patient above 50 years of age in need thereof comprising: administering to the patient prior to bedtime an orodispersible dose of desmopressin of 10 ⁇ g or 25 ⁇ g, wherein the dose is measured as the free base of desmopressin and the dose taken over a treatment period reduces the patient's nocturnal urine volume.
  • the present disclosure provides a method for reducing nocturnal voids in a female patient above 65 years of age in need thereof comprising: administering to the patient prior to bedtime an orodispersible dose of desmopressin of 25 ⁇ g, wherein the dose is measured as the free base of desmopressin and the dose taken over a treatment period reduces the patient's nocturnal voids.
  • the present disclosure is directed to a method for increasing an initial period of undisturbed sleep in a female patient above 65 years of age in need thereof comprising: administering to the patient prior to bedtime an orodispersible dose of desmopressin of 25 ⁇ g, wherein the dose is measured as the free base of desmopressin and the dose taken over a treatment period increases the patient's initial period of undisturbed sleep.
  • the present disclosure provides a method for reducing nocturnal urine volume in a female patient above 65 years of age in need thereof comprising: administering to the patient prior to bedtime an orodispersible dose of desmopressin of 25 ⁇ g, wherein the dose is measured as the free base of desmopressin and the dose taken over a treatment period reduces the patient's nocturnal urine volume.
  • the present disclosure is directed to a method for reducing nocturnal urine volume in a male patient in need thereof comprising: measuring the patient's serum sodium level; administering to the patient, with a serum sodium level of at least 130 mmol/L, prior to bedtime an orodispersible dose of desmopressin of 100 ⁇ g, wherein the dose is measured as the free base of desmopressin; measuring the patient's serum sodium level at a time interval after administration; continuing the administration of the dose of desmopressin with the patient having at least 130 mmol/L serum sodium level; wherein the dose administered over a treatment period reduces the patient's nocturnal urine volume.
  • the disclosure provides a method of treating nocturia by administering to a subject in need thereof a sublingual daily dose of about 10 ⁇ g, 25 ⁇ g, 50 ⁇ g, or 100 ⁇ g desmopressin (measured as the free base).
  • the subject to be treated has an average of a least 0.5 fewer nocturnal urinary voids per night after 28 days of treatment with desmopressin.
  • the present disclosure is directed to a method for reducing nocturnal voids in a patient in need thereof comprising: administering to the patient prior to bedtime an orodispersible dose of desmopressin ranging from 25 ⁇ g to 100 ⁇ g, wherein the dose is measured as the free base of desmopressin and the dose taken over a minimum treatment period reduces the patient's nocturnal voids compared to the patient's nocturnal voids before administration of the dose.
  • the present disclosure provides for a method for improving a reduction in nocturnal voids in a patient in need thereof comprising: administering to the patient prior to bedtime an orodispersible dose of desmopressin ranging from 25 ⁇ g to 100 ⁇ g, wherein the dose is measured as the free base of desmopressin and the dose taken over a minimum treatment period reduces the patient's nocturnal voids compared to before administration and improves the reduction in nocturnal voids over the duration of the minimum treatment period.
  • the present disclosure provides for a method for maintaining a reduction in nocturnal voids in a patient in need thereof comprising: administering to the patient prior to bedtime an orodispersible dose of desmopressin of ranging from 25 ⁇ g to 100 ⁇ g, wherein the dose is measured as the free base of desmopressin and the dose is taken over a minimum treatment period reduces the patient's nocturnal voids compared to the patient's nocturnal voids before administration of the dose.
  • FIG. 1 graphically illustrates the weekly change from baseline in mean number of nocturnal voids along with the corresponding p-values.
  • FIG. 2 graphically illustrates the mean observed and predicted change in nocturnal voids by gender and dose.
  • FIG. 3 graphically illustrates the decrease in total and nocturnal urine volume for the placebo, 10 ⁇ g, 25 ⁇ g, 50 ⁇ g, and 100 ⁇ g groups.
  • FIG. 4 graphically illustrates the mean observed and predicted change in nocturnal urine by gender and dose.
  • first sleep period refers to the time elapsed from bedtime to either first void or morning arising.
  • hypothalatraemia refers to a serum sodium value below the lower limit of the normal reference range, for example, a serum sodium level ⁇ 130 mmol/L.
  • nocturnal enuresis refers to a condition in which a person who has bladder control while awake urinates while asleep.
  • nocturnal polyuria refers to an increased nocturnal output of urine. For example, a ratio of nighttime urine volume over the 24-hour urine volume to be equal to or greater than 33%.
  • nocturnal urine refers to the total urine volume from 5 minutes after bedtime until rising in the morning, including the first void within 30 minutes of rising.
  • nocturnal void refers to a void occurring from 5 minutes after bedtime until rising in the morning with the intention of getting up.
  • nocturia refers to the complaint that an individual has to wake up at night one or more times to void.
  • overactive bladder refers to urgency, with or without urge incontinence, usually accompanied by frequency and nocturia.
  • polydipsia refers to excessive fluid consumption.
  • urine osmolaity refers to the concentration of electrolytes in urine.
  • uroflometry refers to a measurement of the rate of urine expelled from the bladder during bladder emptying. Flow rate is measured as mL/sec voided.
  • administer refers to (1) providing, giving, dosing and/or prescribing by either a health practitioner or his authorized agent or under his direction desmopressin, and (2) putting into, taking or consuming by the patient or person himself or herself, desmopressin.
  • Desmopressin Melt tablets contain desmopressin acetate in a freeze-dried presentation formulated with fish gelatin, mannitol and citric acid. The resulting oral lyophilisate disintegrates instantaneously in the mouth without the need for water.
  • An orodispersible pharmaceutical dosage form of desmopressin with good bioavailability is described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/513,437 (U.S. Pub. No. 2005/0232997 A1), the contents of which are incorporated herein in their entirety.
  • the Melt dosage form is preferably provided as a desmopressin acetate salt.
  • the desmopressin dosage may be expressed as free base, even though the desmopressin is actually supplied as the acetate salt.
  • the doses utilized in the present methods correspond to desmopressin free base even though the dosage form is a desmopressin acetate. Therefore, the 100 ⁇ g dose of desmopressin described herein is 100 ⁇ g of desmopressin free base, which corresponds to a proportionately higher weight value of desmopressin acetate (approximately 112.4 ⁇ g of desmopressin acetate for a desmopressin Melt preparation that is 89% w/w of desmopressin free base and for which the balance of 11% w/w is acetate, water and impurities).
  • the 50 ⁇ g, 25 ⁇ g, and 10 ⁇ g dosages all represent the weights of desmopressin free base, with the corresponding weights of desmopressin acetate being proportionately higher. Accordingly, 0.1 mg of desmopressin acetate is equivalent to about 89 ⁇ g of desmopressin free base.
  • the primary objectives of Part I of this study were: (1) to demonstrate the superiority of one or more doses of the Melt formulation of desmopressin to placebo in reducing the mean number of nocturnal voids in a broad population of adult patients with nocturia after 28 days of treatment; (2) to demonstrate the superiority of one or more doses of the Melt formulation of desmopressin to placebo in the proportion of subjects with >33% reduction from baseline in mean number of nocturnal voids after 28 days of treatment; and (3) treatment safety.
  • the primary objectives of Part II of this study were: (1) to demonstrate the durability of effect achieved in Part I of one or more doses of desmopressin Melt; and (2) treatment safety.
  • the secondary objective of both Parts I and II was: to compare the effect of several doses of desmopressin Melt to placebo o sleep disturbance and quality of life.
  • Randomization was to be stratified by age ( ⁇ 65, ⁇ 65 years) and by the absence/presence of nocturnal polyuria, defined as a ratio of nighttime urine volume/24-hour urine volume ⁇ 33%. To achieve the desired number of subjects within each stratum, enrollment of subjects in a particular stratum (age and/or presence/absence of nocturnal polyuria) could be halted. If this was necessary, all investigative sites were to be informed in writing at least 1 week in advance to stop screening in a population of subjects.
  • Part I of the study was conducted in 7 visits. Screening (Visit 1) occurred within 21 days of dosing (Day 1, Visit 2); subjects returned for follow-up visits on Days 4, 8, 15, 22, and 28 (end of Part I). Duration of treatment in Part I was 28 days.
  • Part I of the study Immediately upon completion of Part I of the study, all subjects on active treatment continued into Part II on the same treatment for approximately 1 to 6 months. Subjects assigned to placebo in Part I were randomly assigned to 1 of the 4 active treatments in Part II. To ensure that the study remained fully blinded during the full extent of both Parts I and II, re-randomization of subjects assigned to placebo after 4 weeks of treatment was predetermined at the time of initial randomization.
  • Subjects began Part II at the Final Visit for Part I (Day 28) and returned for follow-up visits on Days 4, 8, 15, 29, and every 4 weeks thereafter until the database was locked for Part I and the treatment groups were unblinded.
  • the total treatment duration for each subject depended on when that subject was randomized in Part I and was estimated to be a minimum of 4 weeks and a maximum of 6 months.
  • Part III subjects were given the option to participate in an open-label study with expected total treatment duration (double-blind extension plus open-label study) of at least 12 months (i.e., Part III).
  • Part III subjects were assigned to the same treatment as in Part II, initially in a blinded manner. Subjects were unblinded and the study became open label only when all subjects in Parts I and II remaining in the study had entered Part III.
  • 10 ⁇ g was identified as a sub-therapeutic dose based on efficacy data from Part I.
  • patients in the 10 ⁇ g treatment group were re-randomized (beginning Q4 2008) to one of the other treatment groups (i.e., 25 ⁇ g, 50 ⁇ g, or 100 ⁇ g).
  • the total treatment duration was at least 12 months.
  • the present study investigated dose levels substantially lower than those used in the Tablet study. While there are no data with the Melt formulation in the target population to guide dose selection for doses below 100 ⁇ g tablet/60 ⁇ g Melt, pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) studies have been conducted in water-loaded healthy subjects and water-loaded children 6 to 12 years of age with nocturnal enuresis. Based on data from these 2 studies, a model simulating PK and PD has been developed.
  • PK pharmacokinetic
  • PD pharmacodynamic
  • antidiuretic activity is defined in terms of duration of urine osmolality greater than 200 mOsm/kg, the model indicates that a dose of 10 ⁇ g Melt may potentially be subtherapeutic and doses of 25 ⁇ g to 100 ⁇ g should provide 2.75 to 8.5 hours of antidiuretic activity.
  • Subjects who met the following inclusion criteria were eligible for the study: provided written informed consent prior to the performance of any study-related activity, defined as any procedure that would not have been performed during the normal management of the subject; and was a male or female subject, 18 years of age and older, with an average of nocturnal voids per night determined via a 3-day frequency-volume chart during the screening period
  • Surgical treatment including transurethral ablative treatments, for bladder outlet obstruction/benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) performed within the past 6 months.
  • BPH prostatic hyperplasia
  • Renal insufficiency serum creatinine was to be within normal limits and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was to be 60 mL/min.
  • eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate
  • Hepatic and/or biliary disease; aspartate transaminase (AST) and/or alanine transaminase (ALT) were not to be >2 ⁇ upper limit of normal (ULN) and total bilirubin was not to be >1.5 mg/dL.
  • Diabetes insipidus (urine output >40 mL/kg over 24 hours).
  • SIADH Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion
  • loop diuretics (furosemide, torsemide, ethacrynic acid).
  • Other classes of diuretics thiazides, triamterene, chlorthalidone, amiloride, indapamide
  • Subjects using a diuretic were to be encouraged to take it in the morning, if medically feasible.
  • Subjects had the right to withdraw from the study at any time for any reason without providing justification. However, the Investigator was to take appropriate steps to ensure that withdrawal was accomplished in a safe manner. A subject could also be discontinued at the discretion of the Investigator or Sponsor because of safety concerns or if judged noncompliant with the study procedures to an extent that could affect the study results. The Investigator and the Sponsor were to agree on subject discontinuation prior to withdrawal, and unnecessary withdrawal of subjects was to be avoided.
  • Study drug was administered as an orally disintegrating tablet of desmopressin (desmopressin Melt) or placebo.
  • Part I placebo or desmopressin Melt 10 ⁇ g, 25 ⁇ g, 50 ⁇ g, or 100 ⁇ g. All treatments were administered orally once per night approximately 1 hour prior to bedtime. Subjects were instructed to place the tablet under their tongue, without water. Subjects were provided with sufficient study drug for the duration of Part I.
  • the primary endpoints for efficacy assessment were: (1) change in mean number of nocturnal voids from baseline evaluation to final visit (Day 28); and (2) proportion of subjects with >33% reduction in the mean number of nocturnal voids from baseline to final visit (Day 28).
  • a further description and corresponding data directed to the second primary endpoint i.e., portion of subjects with >33% reduction in the mean number of nocturnal voids) are not provided herein.
  • the secondary efficacy endpoints were: (1) durability of effect achieved in Part I; (2) change in initial period of undisturbed sleep, defined as the elapsed time in minutes from going to bed with the intention of sleeping to the time of awakening for the first nocturnal void; and (3) change in duration of total sleep time. Additional secondary endpoints were collected, e.g., change in nocturia-specific quality of life as assessed by scores on the International Consultation on Incontinence Modular Questionnaire—Noctuira and the Noctuira Quality of Life Questionnaire, change in quality of sleep as assessed by the global score of the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, and change in overall quality of life as assessed by the short form-12v2. A description of the additional secondary efficacy endpoints and their accompanying data are not provided herein.
  • the mean number of nocturnal voids decreased from baseline to Day 28 in all treatment groups, with greater decreases observed with increasing dose of desmopressin.
  • the reduction in mean number of nocturnal voids, compared to placebo, was statistically significant for the 100 ⁇ g (p ⁇ 0.0001) and 50 ⁇ g (p 0.0207) groups.
  • the 10 ⁇ g and 25 ⁇ g groups exhibited at least 1.0 fewer nocturnal urinary voids per night on desmopression treatment compared to baseline before treatment.
  • the placebo exhibited only 0.67 fewer nocturnal urinary voids per night compared to baseline.
  • the 10 ⁇ g and 25 ⁇ g groups exhibited at least 1.0 fewer nocturnal urinary voids per night on desmopression treatment compared to baseline before treatment.
  • the placebo exhibited only 0.67 fewer nocturnal urinary voids per night compared to baseline.
  • FIG. 2 The differences among males and females in the change in number of nocturnal voids is illustrated in FIG. 2 .
  • the mean observed (full line) and predicted (broken line) change in number of voids by gender and dose demonstrate that the 10 ⁇ g and 25 ⁇ g groups for females exhibit a larger decrease in nocturnal voids compared to the 10 ⁇ g and 25 ⁇ g groups for males.
  • the side-by-side comparison in FIG. 2 highlights the gender and dose differences without the requirement of statistical significance.
  • the minimum effective dose (MED) for females is 25 ⁇ g and the MED for males is 100 ⁇ g.
  • Part III the mean decrease in nocturnal voids per night was 1.4, 1.77, and 2.11 (for 25 ⁇ g, 50 ⁇ g, and 100 ⁇ g, respectively) based on all eligible subjects.
  • the mean decreases in nocturnal voids demonstrate that the decrease observed for the respective concentrations at Day 28 (i.e., Part I) are maintained over a longer treatment period (e.g., 52 weeks) and in some instances, are be even improved.
  • a summary of the changes from baseline is presented for all eligible subjects. With respect to this particular data for Part III, “all eligible subjects” means those subjects that continued through Parts I, II, and III of the study on the same dose (i.e., re-randomized placebo subjects have been excluded) and completed the 1 year diary.
  • n Mean Std Dev Min Max Day 0 76 3.42 1.08 2.00 7.00 Day 28 76 ⁇ 1.22 1.20 ⁇ 5.00 2.00 Week 8 58 ⁇ 1.44 1.05 ⁇ 4.00 1.33 Week 12 51 ⁇ 1.44 1.09 ⁇ 3.67 1.00 Week 20 48 ⁇ 1.80 1.12 ⁇ 4.00 1.00 Week 28 44 ⁇ 1.55 1.21 ⁇ 5.00 1.00 Week 52 76 ⁇ 1.80 1.31 ⁇ 6.67 0.33 n - population size; stddev—standard deviation; min—minimum; and max—maximum
  • the change from baseline to Week 52 in comparison to the change of baseline to day 28 demonstrates that for all eligible subjects, the decrease in frequency of nocturnal voids can be maintained and/or improved over a longer treatment period in a clinically significant manner.
  • Tables J-L summarize the data for all subjects with or without an assessment at week 52.
  • n Mean Std Dev Minimum Maximum Day 0 158 3.38 1.35 2.00 8.67 Day 28 158 ⁇ 0.96 1.12 ⁇ 3.67 2.33 Week 100 ⁇ 1.31 1.16 ⁇ 4.67 2.67 Week 12 85 ⁇ 1.42 1.23 ⁇ 5.00 2.00 Week 20 60 ⁇ 1.61 1.16 ⁇ 6.00 1.67 Week 28 87 ⁇ 1.39 1.14 ⁇ 4.33 1.33 Week 52 86 ⁇ 1.41 1.26 ⁇ 4.67 2.33 n - population size; stddev—standard deviation; min—minimum; and max—maximum
  • the secondary efficacy variables were changes from baseline in duration of initial period of undisturbed sleep, duration of total sleep time, and changes in nocturnal urine volume.
  • the additional secondary efficacy variables data collected i.e., global (overall) scores of the NQoL, PSQI, and SF-12v2, and scores of the ICIQ-N are not presented herein.
  • the most pernicious effect of nocturia is not excessive voiding per se, but its impact on sleep quality and subsequent daytime function as a consequence of sleep disruption.
  • the duration of the initial period of undisturbed sleep increased from baseline to Day 28 in all treatment groups, with greater increases observed with increasing dose of desmopressin.
  • Mean increases in initial sleep duration were 83, 85, and 107 minutes in the 25 ⁇ g, 50 ⁇ g, and 100 ⁇ g groups, respectively.
  • Subjects treated with 25 ⁇ g and 50 ⁇ g desmopressin had a median increase in their initial period of sleep of approximately 1 hour while subjects treated with the 100 ⁇ g dose had a median increase in initial sleep duration of approximately 11 ⁇ 2 hours.
  • the 95% confidence intervals for the mean difference from placebo in change from baseline did not include zero for the 25 ⁇ g, 50 ⁇ g, and 100 ⁇ g groups, indicating statistically significant treatment group differences.
  • an increase in the initial period of undisturbed sleep is evident for the 10 ⁇ g group as compared to placebo based on median values identified in Table 8 for all groups.
  • the 10 ⁇ g group exhibited a median increase of 51 minutes compared to baseline before treatment.
  • the placebo exhibited only a median increase of 42 minutes compared to baseline. Taking into consideration a 5% range from the median increase for the 10 ⁇ g group, increases in an initial period of undisturbed sleep range from 48 minutes to 54 minutes compared to baseline before treatment.
  • increases in an initial period of undisturbed sleep ranges from 37 minutes to 114 minutes, such as from 37 minutes to 55 minutes for the 10 ⁇ g group and from 76 minutes to 114 minutes for the 25 ⁇ g group compared to baseline for all females.
  • an increase in the initial period of undisturbed sleep is evident for the 10 ⁇ g and 25 ⁇ g groups as compared to placebo based on median values identified in Table 10 for female patients over 50 years of age.
  • the 10 ⁇ g group exhibited a median increase of 27 minutes and the 25 ⁇ g group exhibited a median increase of 96 minutes compared to baseline before treatment.
  • the placebo exhibited only a median increase of 11 minutes compared to baseline.
  • increases in an initial period of undisturbed sleep ranges from 22 minutes to 115 minutes, such as from 22 minutes to 32 minutes for the 10 ⁇ g group and from 77 minutes to 115 minutes for the 25 ⁇ g group, compared to baseline before treatment for females over 50 years of age.
  • an increase in the initial period of undisturbed sleep is evident for the 25 ⁇ g group as compared to placebo based on median values identified in Table 11 for female patients over 65 years of age.
  • the 25 ⁇ g group exhibited a median increase of 113 minutes compared to baseline before treatment.
  • the placebo exhibited only a median increase of 52 minutes compared to baseline.
  • increases in an initial period of undisturbed sleep range from 90 minutes to 136 minutes, such as from 102 minutes to 124 minutes, compared to baseline before treatment for females over 65 years of age.
  • total urine volume which included both day and nocturnal voids, decreased in all treatment groups, with greater decreases observed with increasing desmopressin dose.
  • a slight mean increase in urine output occurred during the day and, as a result, the nocturnal mean urine reduction was greater than the total mean urine reduction.
  • the majority of the decrease in total urine volume was a decrease in nocturnal volume.
  • the decreases in nocturnal urine volume for the 25 ⁇ g, 50 ⁇ g, and 100 ⁇ g groups were statistically significant.
  • a decrease in nocturnal urine volume is evident for the 10 ⁇ g group as compared to placebo based on median decreases identified in Table 15 for all groups.
  • the 10 ⁇ g group exhibited a median value decrease of 150 ml compared to baseline before treatment.
  • the placebo exhibited only a median decrease of 94 ml compared to baseline.
  • decreases in nocturnal urine volume include at least 120 ml and for example, range from 120 ml to 180 ml, compared to baseline before treatment for all groups.
  • a decrease in nocturnal urine volume is evident for the 10 ⁇ g and 25 ⁇ g groups as compared to placebo based on median decreases identified in Table 16 for all females.
  • the 10 ⁇ g group exhibited a median decrease of 179 ml and the 25 ⁇ g group exhibited a median decrease of 298 ml compared to baseline before treatment.
  • the placebo exhibited only a median decrease of 56 ml compared to baseline.
  • decreases in nocturnal urine volume include at least 143 ml and for example, range from 143 ml to 358 ml, such as from 143 ml to 215 ml for the 10 ⁇ g group and from 238 ml to 358 ml for the 25 ⁇ g group, compared to baseline before treatment for all females.
  • a decrease in nocturnal urine volume is evident for the 10 ⁇ g and 25 ⁇ g groups as compared to placebo based on median decreases identified in Table 17 for females over 50 years of age.
  • the 10 ⁇ g group exhibited a median decrease of 150 ml and the 25 ⁇ g group exhibited a median decrease of 383 ml compared to baseline before treatment.
  • the placebo exhibited a median decrease of 56 ml compared to baseline.
  • decreases in nocturnal urine volume include at least 120 ml and for example, range from 120 ml to 460 ml, such as from 120 ml to 180 ml for the 10 ⁇ g group and from 306 ml to 460 ml for the 25 ⁇ g group, compared to baseline before treatment for females over 50 years of age.
  • a decrease in nocturnal urine volume is evident for the 25 ⁇ g group as compared to placebo based on median decreases identified in Table 18 for females over 65 years of age.
  • the 25 ⁇ g group exhibited a median decrease of 383 ml compared to the placebo median decrease of 47 ml compared to baseline before treatment.
  • decreases in nocturnal urine volume include at least 211 ml and for example, range from 238 ml to 290 ml, compared to baseline before treatment for females over 65 years of age.
  • a decrease in nocturnal urine volume is evident for the 100 ⁇ g group as compared to placebo based on median decreases from baseline.
  • the 100 ⁇ g group exhibited a median decrease of 264 ml compared to baseline before treatment.
  • the placebo exhibited only a median decrease of 111 ml compared to baseline.
  • decreases in nocturnal urine volume include at least 211 ml and for example, range from 211 ml to 317 ml, such as from 238 ml to 290 ml, compared to baseline before treatment for males with monitoring.
  • FIG. 4 The differences among males and females in the change in nocturnal urine volume is illustrated in FIG. 4 .
  • the mean observed (full line) and predicted (broken line) change in nocturnal urine volume demonstrate the greater sensitivity to lower doses (i.e., 10 ⁇ g and 25 ⁇ g groups) in females than males.
  • the side-by-side comparison in FIG. 4 highlights the gender and dose differences without the requirement of statistical significance.
  • Missing values concerning number of nocturnal voids at Day 8, Day 15, Day 22, and Day 28 in Part I were imputed using last observation carried forward (LOCF). Missing values concerning sleep disturbance and urine volume (for average 24-hour urine volume and average nocturnal urine volume) were not imputed.
  • the mean number of nocturnal voids decreased from baseline to Day 28 in all treatment groups, with greater decreases observed with increasing dose of desmopressin.
  • the trend of greater decreases in mean number of nocturnal voids with increasing dose of desmopressin was evident in subjects stratified by age ( ⁇ 65 years, ⁇ 65 years) and in subjects with nocturnal polyuria. Too few subjects did not have nocturnal polyuria to make meaningful comparisons.
  • the secondary efficacy endpoint of change from baseline to final visit (Day 28) in duration of initial period of undisturbed sleep also demonstrated greater increases with increasing dose of desmopressin.
  • the efficacy of 100 ⁇ g desmopressin was demonstrated superior to placebo for the primary endpoint overall; for the primary endpoint, among males and among females; proportions of subjects with >50% and >75% reductions in the mean number of nocturnal voids; change from baseline to final visit (Day 28) in duration of the initial period of undisturbed sleep; and reductions in nocturnal urine volume.
  • the efficacy of 50 ⁇ g desmopressin was superior to placebo for change from baseline to Day 28 in the mean number of nocturnal voids; for the primary endpoint among females; duration of the initial period of undisturbed sleep; and reductions in nocturnal urine volume.
  • Results of Study CS29 demonstrated that the 100 ⁇ g dose was clearly efficacious, while the 10 ⁇ g dose can be considered subtherapeutic for the primary efficacy parameter for the overall study population. Based on the observed gender differences, the MED for females is 25 ⁇ g and the MED for males is 100 ⁇ g.
  • the mean decrease in nocturnal voids was 1.4, 1.77, and 2.11 (for 25 ⁇ g, 50 ⁇ g, and 100 ⁇ g, respectively) based on all eligible subjects.
  • hyponatraemia defined as serum sodium ⁇ 130 mmol/L
  • serum sodium ⁇ 130 mmol/L serum sodium ⁇ 130 mmol/L
  • Baseline serum sodium level 135 mmol/L.
  • serum sodium monitoring at Day 4 and Day 28 is recommended in males older than 65 years of age at 100 ⁇ g.
  • the serum sodium levels at Day 4 and Day 28 should be ⁇ 135 mmol/L.
  • males below 65 years of age who are treated at 100 ⁇ g no further monitoring appears to be warranted.
  • female subjects who are treated at 25 ⁇ g no further monitoring appears to be warranted.
  • Results of Study CS29 demonstrated that the 10 ⁇ g dose was considered a subtherapeutic dose for the primary efficacy parameters when looking at the overall population. While the 100 ⁇ g dose was clearly efficacious, the risk of hyponatraemia was greater than with the lower doses of desmopressin. Although not as effective as the 100 ⁇ g dose, the benefit:risk ratio favored the 25 ⁇ g and 50 ⁇ g doses. The 25 ⁇ g dose was clearly less likely to cause hyponatraemia than the 50 ⁇ g and 100 ⁇ g doses and was statistically significantly superior to placebo in the primary efficacy endpoint among females. Among males, the 100 ⁇ g desmopressin dose was statistically significantly superior to placebo for the primary endpoint. Based on these gender differences, the MED for females is 25 ⁇ g and the MED for males is 100 ⁇ g.

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US12/732,161 US20100286045A1 (en) 2008-05-21 2010-03-25 Methods comprising desmopressin
PCT/IB2011/001010 WO2012001469A1 (en) 2010-03-25 2011-03-22 Desmopressin for reducing nocturnal voids
JP2013500608A JP6253977B2 (ja) 2010-03-25 2011-03-22 夜間排尿数を低減するためのデスモプレシン
ES15184741T ES2708973T3 (es) 2010-03-25 2011-03-22 Desmopresina para reducir micciones nocturnas
RS20190058A RS58224B1 (sr) 2010-03-25 2011-03-22 Dezmopresin za smanjenje noćnog mokrenja
HUE11728387A HUE027417T2 (en) 2010-03-25 2011-03-22 Desmopressin to reduce nighttime emptying
PL11728387T PL2550007T3 (pl) 2010-03-25 2011-03-22 Desmopresyna dla zmniejszania nocnych mikcji
EP11728387.9A EP2550007B1 (en) 2010-03-25 2011-03-22 Desmopressin for reducing nocturnal voids
EP15184741.5A EP3006036B1 (en) 2010-03-25 2011-03-22 Desmopressin for reducing nocturnal voids
LTEP15184741.5T LT3006036T (lt) 2010-03-25 2011-03-22 Desmopresinas, skirtas naktinio šlapinimosi sumažinimui
DK11728387.9T DK2550007T3 (en) 2010-03-25 2011-03-22 Desmopressin TO REDUCE nocturnal
CN201911211683.4A CN110898207A (zh) 2010-03-25 2011-03-22 用于减少夜间排尿的去氨加压素
PT15184741T PT3006036T (pt) 2010-03-25 2011-03-22 Desmopressina para reduzir as micções noturnas
CA2793502A CA2793502A1 (en) 2010-03-25 2011-03-22 Desmopressin for reducing nocturnal voids
TR2019/00240T TR201900240T4 (tr) 2010-03-25 2011-03-22 Gece idrara çıkışları azaltmak için desmopresin.
SI201131648T SI3006036T1 (sl) 2010-03-25 2011-03-22 Dezmopresin za zmanjšanje nočnih praznjenj
CN2011800154945A CN102821776A (zh) 2010-03-25 2011-03-22 用于减少夜间排尿的去氨加压素
PT117283879T PT2550007E (pt) 2010-03-25 2011-03-22 Desmopressina para reduzir as micções noturnas
PL15184741T PL3006036T3 (pl) 2010-03-25 2011-03-22 Desmopresyna dla zmniejszania nocnych mikcji
CN201610887523.1A CN106924716A (zh) 2010-03-25 2011-03-22 用于减少夜间排尿的去氨加压素
DK15184741.5T DK3006036T3 (en) 2010-03-25 2011-03-22 DESMOPRESSIN TO REDUCE NATURAL WATERS
CN201710490960.4A CN107252474A (zh) 2010-03-25 2011-03-22 用于减少夜间排尿的去氨加压素
EP18196338.0A EP3449908A1 (en) 2010-03-25 2011-03-22 Desmopressin for reducing nocturnal voids
ES11728387.9T ES2559446T3 (es) 2010-03-25 2011-03-22 Desmopresina para reducir micciones nocturnas
HK13106106.3A HK1179156A1 (zh) 2010-03-25 2013-05-23 用於減少夜間排尿的去氨加壓素
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US14/143,866 US10137167B2 (en) 2008-05-21 2013-12-30 Methods comprising desmopressin
JP2016077478A JP6297616B2 (ja) 2010-03-25 2016-04-07 夜間排尿数を低減するためのデスモプレシン
JP2017239240A JP6545778B2 (ja) 2010-03-25 2017-12-14 夜間排尿数を低減するためのデスモプレシン
US16/162,453 US11020448B2 (en) 2008-05-21 2018-10-17 Methods comprising desmopressin
HRP20190104TT HRP20190104T1 (hr) 2010-03-25 2019-01-16 Desmopresin za smanjenje noćnih buđenja
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US20180322957A1 (en) * 2014-10-07 2018-11-08 David A. DILL Devices and methods for managing risk profiles

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